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</a>Voltaire took an excusable liberty in “Candide.” The real Leibniz almost always refrained from spelling out Panglossian excuses for particular evils
He kept his theory safely abstract; Voltaire brought it comically down to earth
And the best-of-all-possible-worlds thesis had another self-protective feature that Voltaire’s satire ignores
It referred not to our planet at some specific stage in its history but to the whole universe considered throughout eternity
The claim wasn’t that everything was fine and dandy in the here and now
it is up to us to make our corner of the world a better place
and to help bring about the optimal universe that God has made achievable
Leibniz was born in 1646 and grew up among bookish Lutherans in Leipzig. At the age of eight, he was let loose in the library of his late father, a professor of moral philosophy, and a part of Leibniz never left. Nobody has ever “read as much, studied as much, meditated more, and written more than Leibniz,” <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2019/03/04/how-the-man-of-reason-got-radicalized">Diderot</a> reflected in his Encyclopédie
The first entry in Leibniz’s own list of his early writings is a three-hundred-verse Latin poem that he composed in a day at the age of thirteen
he presented his teachers with some improvements to Aristotle’s logic
Only a smidgen of Leibniz’s incessant output was published in his lifetime
Scholars speculate that it will be at least another half century until a comprehensive edition of his outpourings
in an estimated hundred and thirty volumes
and he emerged five years later with a degree in philosophy and a doctorate in law—and a job offer as a professor
he had an “ardent desire to earn more glory in the sciences.” At first
Leibniz had to settle for legal work at the court of the prince-archbishop of Mainz
When he got to Paris, in 1672, Leibniz was already enthusiastic about <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2013/02/11/moon-man">Galileo’s</a> and <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/11/20/rene-descartes-think-again">Descartes’s</a> new science of matter in motion—the so-called mechanical philosophy
mentored by the Dutch mathematician and physicist Christiaan Huygens
a circumstance that resulted in Leibniz’s discovery of calculus
(He started figuring out the system around 1674.) He did sometimes worry
about the religious implications of the mechanical philosophy
It seemed to reveal the workings of the physical world
yet it could also lead to “the ruin of holy doctrine” if taken too far
Leibniz was confident he could solve that problem and keep everyone happy by concocting a synthesis of the new thinking and the old
but after four busy years there he had failed to get a suitable position and was forced to leave
The best job on offer was as a court counsellor and librarian in Hanover
the first of three Hanoverian dukes to employ him
(The third ascended the British throne as George I
in 1714.) Leibniz spent the rest of his life at least nominally serving the Hanoverians
He seemed to be constantly in touch with everyone: his literary remains include fifteen thousand letters written to some thirteen hundred people
And he was usually juggling an armful of projects that he kept aloft all at once
One feat of juggling took place in early 1686
when Leibniz was thirty-nine and had been working for the Hanoverians for a decade
writing a summary of a treatise he’d composed on metaphysics
This was to be sent to a Catholic theologian
whose opinion Leibniz was eager to hear—he was always trying to come up with formulations of ideas that might be acceptable to both Protestants and Catholics
But Leibniz was not in the mountains because it was a peaceful spot to philosophize
He had been trying to help his employers solve a drainage problem in the local silver mines
attempting to drain the mines by harnessing wind power
Leibniz became all too fascinated by theoretical questions of dynamics
as Kempe explains in “The Best of All Possible Worlds,” Leibniz’s quixotic windmills kept breaking down
and by the start of 1686 his mining work was gradually coming to an end
There were plenty of other things to do during that time
Leibniz collected fossils and conducted geological research
which eventually resulted in an innovative essay on the history of the earth
one that proved a bigger boon than any amount of efficiently extracted silver
The Hanoverian dukes were an offshoot of a junior branch of the Welf dynasty
whose long history Leibniz was commissioned to write
He never finished this compendious work—there was always a fascinating new morsel to add—but his relentless archival digging helped the duchy make its case for promotion to an electorate of the Holy Roman Empire
and geology were not nearly enough to keep Leibniz busy in early 1686
he wrote an article exposing what he took to be a notable blunder in Descartes’s physics
Descartes regarded force as the product of mass and velocity
whereas Leibniz argued that it was better seen as mass times the square of velocity
This move brought Leibniz close to the modern notion of kinetic energy
he began writing a hundred-page “Examination of the Christian Religion,” and not long afterward he composed his most substantial treatise on logic
It contained a pioneering algebra of propositions
similar to the logical calculus invented in the mid-nineteenth century by the English mathematician George Boole
Boole’s creation is a large part of the basis for computer languages
When he learned of Leibniz’s precursor to his handiwork
Boole said that he felt as if Leibniz had shaken hands with him across the centuries
In the decades that Leibniz spent unearthing documents about distant Welfs for his main employers
he also did side jobs for plenty of other grandees
he took part in negotiations to reconcile the churches
He was appointed to one of the Empire’s highest courts of appeal
and became the first president of the Berlin Society of Sciences
which he had persuaded the Elector of Brandenburg to found
though he couldn’t always get people to listen
Sometimes it was Leibniz who politely declined
He was approached about taking charge of the Vatican Library
but that would have meant becoming a Catholic
and he was not inclined to take ecumenism quite that far
Leibniz always found time for his abstract pursuits as well
Shortly after his appointment to the Berlin Society
he started to work in earnest on the development of a binary arithmetic
The binary system of ones and zeros later became the basis of digital coding
and Leibniz himself attempted to exploit it in some of his designs for machines that could perform calculations
Leibniz loved the simplicity and the suggestiveness of binary: he titled a draft paper “Wonderful Origin of All Numbers from 1 and 0
Which Serves as a Beautiful Representation of the Mystery of Creation
since Everything Arises from God and Nothing Else.” Writing to a Jesuit missionary in China
Leibniz floated the idea that the binary system might help to convert the Chinese to Christianity
by familiarizing them with the Biblical concept of creation ex nihilo
Leibniz summarized his distinctive take on what exactly God had created
“Monadology,” which supposedly combined the best of both old and new ideas
proposed that each building block of the universe is a self-contained world of its own
Everything is in some sense made of these “monads,” though the monads are not themselves physical and never interact with one another—they just appear to do so because they are coördinated by what Leibniz calls a “pre-established harmony.” The destiny of each one unfolds according to its own implanted program
Most philosophers have found this story unbelievable; Bertrand Russell’s first impression was that it was “a kind of fantastic fairy tale.” Still
Russell at least came to respect some of Leibniz’s reasoning
Russell kept a bust of Leibniz on his mantel and held imaginary conversations in which he would “tell him how fruitful his ideas have proved.” He particularly admired Leibniz’s work on logic
but he was contemptuous of his “courtly” existence
Russell disapproved of Leibniz’s decision to turn down a university post at the age of twenty
a choice that he believed led to a life of “undue deference for princes and a lamentable waste of time in the endeavour to please them.” This rather missed the point
Leibniz sought out princes because they had the power to advance the sciences and get things done
They were the “gods of this world,” as he once put it
By persuading such potentates of the wisdom of one’s projects
one might “obtain in a few years what would otherwise have taken several centuries.” If that meant wearing a powdered wig
(Every portrait of Leibniz shows him in an enormous wig
was an awkward and somewhat reluctant courtier
He could be gauche and undiplomatic when selling himself and his projects
he immodestly described himself as a “walking encyclopedia,” and he once boasted that he had turned down several grandees so that he could conduct his research “more freely
and perhaps with greater benefit to the public.”
Leibniz’s wish lists of schemes for the public benefit were always ambitious and sometimes utopian
One early proposal for a reformed and fairer economy
envisaged an end to unemployment and food shortages
and a merry band of workers singing away as they exchanged useful work-related tips
These carefree artisans would be encouraged to tell “all sorts of funny stories,” though not to drink
and would be spared the fatigue of child care
as their offspring would be raised in state institutions
an exhibition of machinery on the Seine prompted Leibniz to write a memo in which he really let himself go
He proposed a European network of scientific academies that would entertain the public with technological marvels
including “speaking trumpets,” artificial gems and dragons
These circuses of science would be profitable—by hosting lotteries and selling trinkets—and could feature gaming houses in which hidden pipes and mirrors would be used to spy on the populace
thus providing the state with political intelligence
Substitute “Big Tech” for Leibniz’s “state” and his snooping
money-making entertainments seem not unfamiliar
Leibniz conceded that this reverie of gadgets and wonders might sound rather odd
but such projects would stimulate further inventions
and Leibniz was confident that he was just the man to scour the world for exploitable discoveries
There was treasure to be found in the work of countless half-mad inventors
Leibniz had been enthused by the potential military and civilian applications of this “eternal fire” and negotiated a deal with Brand on behalf of Duke Johann Friedrich
(In his determination to secure the benefits of phosphorus
Leibniz cut corners and seems to have tricked Brand
who subsequently compared Leibniz to a clown.) Leibniz’s other pitches to the Duke included a system of disaster insurance
techniques for mechanizing silk production
Leibniz was still fizzing with ideas in the last year of his life
he had just turned seventy and was excited about a recent encounter with the tsar
Peter I was taking the waters at a German spa
and Leibniz deluged him with proposals for reforming Russian science along with the country’s schools
He was particularly eager for the tsar to support a research expedition to Siberia and the Pacific coast of Asia
“I hope that with his help we shall learn whether Asia is connected to America,” Leibniz wrote to a friend
He also corresponded about a debate with an English philosopher and cleric
regarding the implications of Newton’s views on space and time
In an argument that Albert Einstein later partly endorsed
that time and space exist only as relations between things
Leibniz was also still tinkering with a mechanical calculator that he had told a friend
Leibniz suffered severe pain from inflammation in his arms and legs
but he did not stop writing until eight days before his death
How many of Leibniz’s schemes and inventions came to any sort of fruition
Historians have not been able to say much on the subject
It is safe to assume that many of his plans went nowhere; it is not even certain that his mechanical calculator ever worked properly
An exception was his campaign to set up institutions for the exchange of scientific information
which did eventually bear fruit in several countries
Leibniz’s weary secretary once complained that his boss tried to do everything and could therefore finish nothing
“not even if he had angels as assistants.” Constantly distracted by an influx of fresh information
Leibniz was wont to switch attention to a new task while the old ones were still pending
This is perhaps another way in which he reaches across the centuries and shakes hands with us
if we consider the digital devices that do much to divert our attention
technology for which Leibniz’s work on logic and binary did much to lay the ground
Leibniz’s life was inevitably full of frustrations because he aimed so impossibly high
certain that everything would go better next time
He would not have regarded himself as an optimist
A French journal coined optimisme after his death
to refer to his account of God’s choice between possible worlds
It later came to mean some of the things that Leibniz personally was—energized by hope
inclined to underestimate the chances of failure
When the pain in his legs kept him indoors
it was “a blessing in disguise,” he half joked to a friend
because it meant that he could get even more done at his desk
Leibniz was never satisfied with the present state of things
because he couldn’t stop dreaming up ways to make the world better
A long-ago crime, <a href="/magazine/2000/02/14/a-cold-case" class="InternalLinkEmbedWrapper-fhjgJW cQLtaa">suddenly remembered</a>
A limousine driver watches <a href="/culture/photo-booth/a-limousine-driver-watches-her-passengers-transform" class="InternalLinkEmbedWrapper-fhjgJW cQLtaa">her passengers transform</a>
The day Muhammad Ali <a href="/news/news-desk/the-day-muhammad-ali-punched-me" class="InternalLinkEmbedWrapper-fhjgJW cQLtaa">punched me</a>
What is it like to be keenly intelligent but deeply alienated from simple emotions? <a href="/magazine/1993/12/27/anthropologist-mars" class="InternalLinkEmbedWrapper-fhjgJW cQLtaa">Temple Grandin knows</a>
The harsh realm of “<a href="/books/under-review/the-harsh-realm-of-gentle-parenting" class="InternalLinkEmbedWrapper-fhjgJW cQLtaa">gentle parenting</a>.” 
Retirement <a href="/magazine/2022/03/28/retirement-the-margaritaville-way" class="InternalLinkEmbedWrapper-fhjgJW cQLtaa">the Margaritaville way</a>
Fiction by F. Scott Fitzgerald: “<a href="/magazine/2012/08/06/thank-you-for-the-light" class="InternalLinkEmbedWrapper-fhjgJW cQLtaa">Thank You for the Light</a>.” 
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every other monad in the universe spontaneously reflects this change inasmuch as God
in a single creative act at the beginning of time
synchronized the universe by establishing once and for all a harmony between all monads
The doctrine implies that there are no genuine causal interactions between mind and body
head of the Young Investigator Group for Hyperpolarization Methods at the Institute of Structural Biochemistry (IBI-7) at Forschungszentrum J&uuml;lich
has been awarded the prestigious Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Prize 2025
The German Research Foundation (DFG) announced the award on Friday
Dr Eills is being honoured for his work in the field of Analytical Chemistry
and in particular for hyperpolarization in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
The funding of &euro;200,000 will support his research over the next three years
Eills' research is at the interface between physics and chemistry
he is working on the topic of hyperpolarization for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
This is a method that significantly improves magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
NMR uses the magnetic properties of atomic nuclei
Similar to the way a compass needle aligns in a magnetic field
the spins - the intrinsic angular momentum - of certain atomic nuclei also tend to orient along an applied magnetic field axis
meaning that even at the highest attainable magnetic fields on the order of 30 Tesla - a million times stronger than the earth's magnetic field - only one in every ten thousand nuclei aligns with the magnetic field
as it allows the quantitative and non-invasive study of gases
Eills' research focuses in particular on parahydrogen hyperpolarization
This involves using hydrogen gas in a specific quantum state ("para"-hydrogen) to deliver hyperpolarization into other molecules
certain metabolic molecules can be used as contrast agents whose metabolic processes can be tracked in real-time as a marker that may indicate various diseases or pathologies
With his work Eills has made a number of important contributions to this field of research
developing new methods new ways to hyperpolarize molecules
and carry out microfluidic lab-on-a-chip NMR experiments
Congratulations to James Eills on this wonderful success
We are proud that a young scientist from J&uuml;lich has been awarded the Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Prize by the German Research Foundation
This confirms our commitment to providing targeted support for young talent
we consciously create space for excellent young talent and give them the opportunity to creatively develop their innovative ideas - an approach that has proven successful
as James Eills' example impressively demonstrates
After his undergraduate studies in Chemistry at the University of Southampton
Eills carried out his master's research at the University of California
He then returned to Southampton to work under Prof
Levitt on his doctoral thesis in the field of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
He continued his research as a postdoc at the Johannes Gutenberg University in Mainz
Dmitry Budker to work on zero-field NMR and hyperpolarization methods
his postdoctoral research on hyperpolarization methods for NMR won the 2021 Erwin Schr&ouml;dinger Award of the Helmholtz Association
This was followed by a two-year research stay at the Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) in Barcelona as part of a Marie Curie fellowship
In 2023 he won a grant for &euro;1.5M to set up a Helmholtz Young Investigator Group to investigate new hyperpolarization technology for NMR
James Eills established his research group at Forschungszentrum J&uuml;lich
The winners were selected by a jury from 180 nominations
Named after the physicist and former DFG President Heinz Maier-Leibnitz
the prize has been awarded annually since 1977 to outstanding young researchers
The Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Prize has been named the third most important science prize by leading German research institutions
after the DFG's Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize and the German Future Prize awarded by the German President
it is considered the most important award in Germany
The prize money of 200,000 euros is intended to support the development of scientific careers for up to three years
Vier Wissenschaftlerinnen und sechs Wissenschaftler erhalten in diesem Jahr den Heinz Maier-Leibnitz-Preis und damit Deutschlands wichtigste Auszeichnung f&uuml;r Forscher*innen in der Aufbauphase ihrer Karriere
Das hat der Hauptausschuss der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) in Bonn beschlossen
we develop chemical and physical methods to hyperpolarize molecules
Hyperpolarization techniques can enhance signal intensities in magnetic resonance by several orders of magnitude
and thus to largely overcome its major disadvantage of relatively low sensitivity
The function of every cell and organism depends critically on the dynamic interactions between biological macromolecules and on their correct three-dimensional structure
Faulty interactions and misfolded structures lead to disease and aging
In IBI-7 research aims to understand these interactions
In quantum physics researchers and scientists deal with very complex problems concerning the state of matter or the structure of the universe
But they might also ask what a donut and a black hole have in common
Research often asks surprising questions and is always an endeavor into the unknown
And as such it might lead to very new approaches and solutions
In our upcoming online conference two researchers from Japan and Germany will introduce their cutting-edge research in quantum physics and discuss how they contribute to innovation in fields like materials for medical therapies
Research in Quantum Physics might not only lead to a “Theory of Everything” but also to very practical new technological applications
What did you always want to know about quantum physics… Ask our speakers 
<a class="link-icon link-icon--external" href="https://app.sli.do/event/fanp5uAQzgfL8Cvi134YtR" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://app.sli.do/event/fanp5uAQzgfL8Cvi134YtR(externer Link)</a>
Emmy Noether Junior Research Group Quantum Design
Quantum technology is an emerging field that promises numerous groundbreaking applications
ranging from super-fast information processing in quantum computers to ultra-sensitive quantum sensors
I review the revolutionary ingredients that quantum technology builds on
explain some of the big challenges the field is facing today
and showcase examples of how we tackle these challenges in our research
<a class="link-icon link-icon--external" href="https://tu-dresden.de/mn/physik/itp/tfp/die-professur/beschaeftigte/meng" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Profile Dr. Tobias Meng(externer Link)</a>
<a class="link-icon link-icon--download-pdf" href="/resource/blob/341962/046902866d3b0f839a2e00657bdc685d/240821-hml-conference-speaker-data.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Speaker information(Download)</a>
Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering
"Towards Unifying Quantum Physics and General Relativity from Electric Circuits”
there are four fundamental forces considered in particle physics
The ultimate goal of modern physics is to unify all these forces
The primary challenge in achieving this is the unification of quantum physics and general relativity because they are incompatible due to the differences in the scales they address
One candidate for bridging is Hawking radiation
a quantum phenomenon arising from black holes with strong gravitational fields
the observation of Hawking radiation is anticipated
but it remains unobserved due to its extreme weakness
we proposed an analogue black hole in a superconducting circuit to verify Hawking radiation in a laboratory setting
This work will provide a platform for advancing the unification of quantum physics and general relativity
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The German Research Foundation recognizes Bonnie J. Murphy and Giulio Malavolta with the Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Prize 
The Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Prize is widely regarded as Germany's most prestigious award for researchers in the early stages of their careers. This year marks a significant change as the recipients will receive 200,000 euros each in prize money, compared to the previous amount of 20,000 euros. Recipients can use the increased prize money for a duration of up to three years to support their ongoing research endeavours. 
Bonnie J. Murphy from the Max Planck Institute of Biophysics in Frankfurt/Main and Giulio Malavolta from the Max Planck Institute for Security and Privacy in Bochum have been awarded the Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Prize 2023 for their outstanding research contributions.
During her time as a postdoctoral researcher, Bonnie J. Murphy from the Max Planck Institute of Biophysics in Frankfurt/Main, achieved a remarkable feat by elucidating the structure of the mitochondrial enzyme ATP synthase using cryo-electron microscopy. ATP synthase is a transmembrane protein of significant importance for cellular energy balance, and thus plays a crucial role in numerous processes within organisms.
&nbsp;A total of 171 researchers from all disciplines were nominated for this year&apos;s award. The selection was made by the responsible committee, headed by biochemist Peter H. Seeberger, who serves as the Vice President of the DFG.&nbsp;
The awards ceremony will take place in Berlin on October 16, 2023.
Volume 6 - 2021 | <a class="ArticleLayoutHeader__info__doi" href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2021.784399">https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2021.784399</a>
and mathematics (STEM) professional societies (ProSs) are uniquely positioned to foster national-level diversity
and inform accrediting bodies and thus provide critical levers for systems change
STEM ProSs could be instrumental in achieving the DEI system reform necessary to optimize engagement of all STEM talent
leveraging disciplinary excellence resulting from diverse teams
Inclusive STEM system reform requires that underlying &#x0201c;mental models&#x0201d; be examined
The Inclusive Professional Framework for Societies (IPF: Societies) is an interrelated set of strategies that can help ProSs change leaders (i.e.
&#x0201c;boundary spanners&#x0201d;) and organizations identify and address mental models hindering DEI reform
The IPF: Societies uses four &#x0201c;I&#x00027;s&#x0201d;&#x02014;Identity awareness and Intercultural mindfulness (i.e.
equity mindset) upon which inclusive relationships and Influential DEI actions are scaffolded
We discuss how the IPF: Societies complements existing DEI tools (e.g.
Women in Engineering ProActive Network&#x00027;s Framework for Promoting Gender Equity within Organization; Amplifying the Alliance to Catalyze Change for Equity in STEM Success&#x00027; Equity Environmental Scan Tool)
We explain how the IPF: Societies can be applied to existing ProS policy and practice associated with common ProS functions (e.g.
The next steps are to pilot the IPF: Societies with a cohort of STEM ProSs
the IPF: Societies has potential to promote more efficient
and lasting DEI organizational transformation and contribute to inclusive STEM disciplinary excellence
not only are more STEM-trained people needed
but specifically more diverse STEM-trained people are needed
While work addressing mental models has been increasing in academic institutions (e.g.
NSF ADVANCE-funded initiatives) and industry settings
few projects have undertaken these efforts within professional societies (ProSs)
we believe that to foster greater engagement by STEM ProSs
especially those that can help make explicit and reframe mental models underpinning STEM ProS functions
We offer the Inclusive Professional Framework for Disciplinary and Professional Societies (IPF: Societies) as an approach to help elucidate and adjust mental models that underlie STEM ProS functions (<a href="#B34">INCLUDES Aspire Alliance National Change, n.d.</a>)
The IPF: Societies is a framework that can be used to explore how internal conditions support and hinder current ProS DEI aspirations and help set a foundation for lasting organizational change
the IPF: Societies is a research-informed approach that focuses on awareness and skill development to build an equity mindset&#x02014;an orientation in which actions are grounded in understanding of how social positionings affect access to resources
This mindset creates greater capacity for inclusive relationships and supporting actions that are focused on DEI change
The IPF: Societies includes the four &#x0201c;I&#x00027;s&#x0201d;:
Ongoing work through ACCESS&#x0002b; will support engagement and continued refinement through use with future cohorts of ACCESS&#x0002b; ProSs and the development of complementary resources
FIGURE 1. The IPF: Societies graphic with five example professional society functions (<a href="#B34">INCLUDES Aspire Alliance National Change, n.d.</a>)
by STEM ProSs using the IPF: Societies to explore the ProS organizational system
the STEM ProS business infrastructure) and external-focus (i.e.
member and disciplinary serving STEM ProS infrastructure) DEI awareness and organizational capacity are enhanced
better positioning ProSs to enact DEI systems change
<a href="#F1">Figure 1</a> depicts the progression of the IPF: Societies&#x00027; processes
showing how the equity mindset is developed and expands into relationships and actions that guide ProS core functioning
We propose that the IPF: Societies can be usefully applied at both individual and organizational levels
Below we describe specific aspects of the IPF: Societies as well as its application
The more aware one is of aspects of one&#x00027;s own social and cultural identities
and how those identities are situated within larger
the more equitably mindful one can be of impacts
and programming driven by those identities
we propose that IPF: Societies-informed boundary spanners will engage in the influential actions associated with establishing new mental models and create accountability for nurturing the new diverse
How the IPF: Societies informs practices within five example professional society functions
The IPF: Societies complements the use of other DEI organizational tools and increases both individual and organizational capacity to more efficiently and effectively identify and engage with DEI actions resulting from use of these tools. For example, we offer the Women in Engineering ProActive Network&#x00027;s (WEPAN&#x00027;s) Four Frames for Promoting Gender Equity Within Organizations (<a href="#B71">WEPAN, 2013</a>)
Originally adopted from Simmons University&#x00027;s Center for Gender in Organizations (1998)
the four frames include: 1) equipping the individual
A STEM ProS DEI boundary spanner employing the IPF: Societies can evaluate and introduce more inclusive professional development programs (Frame 1); examine and recommend DEI changes to organizational structures
and practices (Frame 2); call attention to ways in which ProS leaders and the organization are not &#x0201c;walking the DEI walk&#x0201d; (Frame 3); and identify and remedy incongruences between ProS existing practices and goals outlined in the ProS strategic plan (Frame 4)
WEPAN&#x00027;s frames could be used to evaluate the equity of professional development programs and educational pathways (Frame 1); examine and revise organizational structures
and practices to support greater DEI integration across all society functions (Frame 2); ensure that all leaders are
trained and coached on how to enact DEI-focused changes (Frame 3); and create opportunities to re-vision ProS culture and reflect that updated vision in the ProS mission and strategic plans (Frame 4)
each of which have an internal focus (i.e.
the STEM ProS business infrastructure) and/or an external focus (i.e.
member and disciplinary serving STEM ProS infrastructure)
We propose that taking an IPF: Societies lens to the policies and practices associated with each of these functions will help uncover and offer an opportunity to change previously implicit ProS mental models
We use questions to illustrate application of the IPF: Societies
existing policies or practices are presented that might appear reasonable to some (column 2)
but when the IPF: Societies lens is applied (column 3)
systemic and structural inequities affecting how the ProS engages with staff and members become more visible
We offer example ideas of equitable practices that could emerge from application of the IPF: Societies (column 4)
This table shows how the ProS may not be making programming decisions with an understanding of structural issues (i.e.
therefore missing out on the opportunity to address them and counter obstacles to DEI through inclusive relationships and influential actions
When and where the IPF: Societies is brought into the ProS DEI change cycle will likely be dictated by the culture of the ProS and/or ProS leaders. Examples for how the IPF: Societies can be used and inform engagement is depicted in <a href="#T2">Table 2</a> below
Example IPF: Societies implementation strategies within professional societies
Identity awareness and Intercultural mindfulness create an equity mindset that supports inclusive relationships and influential actions
The four &#x0201c;I&#x00027;s&#x0201d; core to the IPF: Societies provide a framework for reflecting and acting on ProS culture at individual (e.g.
STEM ProS DEI boundary spanner) and organizational levels
The IPF: Societies offers a way to guide change of mental models
ProS DEI boundary spanners employing the IPF: Societies can leverage their positionality and ability to straddle groups to affect cultural change across STEM ProSs
in combination with the efforts of other boundary spanners and in the disciplines in which they engage
The IPF: Societies offers a framework to begin difficult discussions and offers a structured approach for working toward change
the IPF: Societies requires sustained mobilization of its pieces
vis-&#x000e0;-vis making DEI concerns part of the fabric of ProSs
Potential outcomes of wide-scale implementation of the IPF: Societies could be ProS actions in service of a more diverse
Resultant increased individual capacity to engage in the articulation and reframing of legacy mental models in turn guides organizational transformation and culture reform through broader systems change
As organizations engage in systemic change
greater ProS and STEM culture DEI changes can be made
DEI change becomes less about individual efforts for specific DEI actions and more about broad
structurally patterned ProS organizational transformation and
The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/Supplementary Material; further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author
RC-M and HM contributed to drafts of the manuscript with special emphasis on social-science sections of the manuscript
SP had special focus on the IPF: Societies figure development
JWP and RC-M contributed to drafts of the manuscript with special emphasis on the sections associated with the ACCESS&#x0002b; Equity Environmental Scanning Tool (EEST)
and ELS provided IPF model and figure refinement
All authors contributed to manuscript revision
This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Nos (2017953
and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation
GML is the director of ProActualize Consulting
a consulting business specializing in applying evidence-based strategies to promote inclusive organizational and disciplinary excellence
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations
Any product that may be evaluated in this article
or claim that may be made by its manufacturer
is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher
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Keywords: inclusive professional framework for societies
Lucy-Putwen A and Sims EL (2022) The Inclusive Professional Framework for Societies: Changing Mental Models to Promote Diverse
Received: 27 September 2021; Accepted: 14 December 2021;Published: 18 February 2022
Copyright &#x000a9; 2022 Leibnitz, Gillian-Daniel, Greenler, Campbell-Montalvo, Metcalf, Segarra, Peters, Patton, Lucy-Putwen and Sims. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).</a> The use
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&#x0002a;Correspondence: Gretalyn M. Leibnitz, <a id="encmail">TGVpYm5pdHouQUNDRVNTcGx1c0BnbWFpbC5jb20=</a>
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Pavel Levkin of Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) is granted the 2015 Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Prize by the German Research Foundation (DFG)
The prize is considered the highest distinction for young researchers in Germany
Scientific work of Pavel Levkin focuses on the investigation of cell-surface interactions
the development of biofunctional materials and super-water-repellent surfaces as well as on nanoparticles for specific medicine and gene transport
A major scientific success of Levkin was the synthesis of lipid-like molecules for gene modification of cells
"Polymer chemistry develops new synthesis methods for innovative materials with so far unreached properties and has a high potential for future use," KIT President Professor Holger Hanselka explains
"An important application is molecular cell biology
Based on his excellent understanding of polymer chemistry and biology
I am extraordinarily happy that this great achievement is now honored by the important Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Prize."
The Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Prize is granted annually by the DFG to young scientists for outstanding achievements
The prize does not only account for the doctoral thesis
but also considers the fact that the winners have already developed a scientific standing of their own after their doctorate
The distinction is to provide an incentive for the scientists to continue their scientific career
Ten prizes in the amount of EUR 20.000 each are granted
The funds are made available by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
According to a survey of the journal "Bild der Wissenschaft"
the big research organizations consider the Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Prize the third important science award in Germany
after the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize of the DFG and the Deutscher Zukunftspreis
the German President's Award for Innovation in Science and Technology
the Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Prizes will be handed over officially in Berlin
Research of Pavel Levkin covers the interface of polymer research
He uses his profound knowledge of chemical applications to find new solutions of biological problems
The so far biggest scientific success of Dr
Pavel Levkin was the development of super-water-repellent polymer surfaces
which are now applied for miniaturized cell experiments
Levkin's research team at KIT works on strategies of modifying surfaces that are in contact with cells as well as on the development of new nanoparticles for specific medicine and gene transport
renowned molecular cell biologists have used Levkin's systems
Pavel Levkin was born in Moscow in 1980 and studied chemistry at the Moscow Institute of Fine Chemical Technology
He was conferred his doctorate at the University of Tübingen
After a research stay at the University of Vienna
Levkin started to work as a postdoc at the University of California in Berkeley
he has been working at the Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC) and at the Institute of Toxicology and Genetics (ITG) of KIT
He heads the Helmholtz Research Group of Biofunctional Materials at KIT and the University of Heidelberg
Levkin was granted an ERC starting grant for his work on superhydrophobic-hydrophilic microstructures
Provided by Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
either observed and verified firsthand by the reporter
or reported and verified from knowledgeable sources
Translations may contain inaccuracies—please refer to the original content
Sunday's Google Doodle celebrates the 372nd birthday of German philosopher
mathematician and polymath Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
towards the close of the devastating 30 Years War
His ground-breaking work in mathematics helped to pave the way for the invention of the smartphones and computers
such as that you're likely reading this article on
Leibniz's greatest accomplishment is considered to be his development of differential calculus
Isaac Newton was working on similar ideas at the same time
and as both were members of London's Royal Society it is likely they would have known about each other's work
Mathematicians favor Leibnitz' notations as the foundations of calculus
Leibnitz also developed the binary number system
the foundation of today's digital computers
He is also one of the key figures in modern philosophy
as expounded in works such as the Monadology
was lampooned by French author Voltaire in his satire Candide
"There are two kinds of truths: those of reasoning and those of fact
The truths of reasoning are necessary and their opposite is impossible; the truths of fact are contingent and their opposites are possible," Monadology
"And as every present state of a simple substance is naturally a consequence of its preceding state
so its presence is pregnant with its future," Monadology
it would always have been regular and in a certain general order
the one which is at the same time the simplest in hypothesis and the richest in phenomena," Discourse on Metaphysics
Newsweek is committed to challenging conventional wisdom and finding connections in the search for common ground
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It is a priority for CBC to create products that are accessible to all in Canada including people with visual
Closed Captioning and Described Video is available for many CBC shows offered on <a href="https://gem.cbc.ca/" class="footerLink cbcWatch">CBC Gem</a>.
Claire Donnelly and Eugene Kim will receive the 2024 Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Prize of the German Research Foundation
This year, alongside two other female and six male scientists, Claire Donnelly and Eugene Kim will receive Germany's most prestigious award for researchers in the early stages of their careers. Each recipient will receive a prize of 200,000 euros, intended to support further research endeavours for a period of up to three years. The awards ceremony is scheduled to take place on June 4, 2024 in Berlin.
Successful basic research: Claire Donnelly and Eugene Kim receive the 2024 Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Prize of the German Research Foundation
Claire Donnelly, who conducts research at the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids and TU Dresden, investigates the unique physical properties of nanomaterials. Materials with very small dimensions of one to 100 nanometres – a nanometre is one millionth of a millimetre – have fascinated technology and science for years. This is because within microscopically small solid-state structures, nanometre-scale areas can be distinguished that have completely different magnetic properties.
Donnelly&apos;s research is dedicated to the targeted production of nanomaterials with specific magnetic properties. Thanks to her work, researchers are already able to investigate and spatially visualise the magnetic properties of tiny three-dimensional solid-state systems - with a temporal resolution in the picosecond range, i.e. a trillionth of a second.
Volume 7 - 2022 | <a class="ArticleLayoutHeader__info__doi" href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2022.755372">https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2022.755372</a>
engineering and mathematics (STEM) disciplinary cultures were founded in a system that was predominately male
and so has demand for inclusive STEM engagement
linger and are embedded in the STEM system and disciplinary cultures
STEM reform is needed to maximize talent and create inclusive professions
but cannot be achieved without recognizing and addressing norms and practices that disproportionately serve majority vs
As leading voices in disciplinary work and application
disciplinary and professional societies (Societies) are instrumental in shaping and sustaining STEM norms
leaders of the Amplifying the Alliance to Catalyze Change for Equity in STEM Success (ACCESS&#x0002B;) project
recognize the need to provide Society diversity
and inclusion (DEI) change leaders with tools necessary to foster systemic change
we present the Equity Environmental Scanning Tool (EEST) as an aid to help Society DEI change leaders elucidate legacy mental models
and benchmark organizational change efforts
We share our rationale and work done to identify
adapt a Society DEI self-assessment tool from the United Kingdom
We share background information on the UK tool
content and structural changes made to create the EEST
we seek to increase awareness of a Society-specific DEI self-assessment tool designed to help Society DEI change leaders advance inclusive reform
STEM culture reform to maximize engagement of STEM talent is needed
STEM disciplinary and professional societies (Societies) are uniquely positioned as agents for DEI reform (<a href="#B23">National Academy of Sciences, 2005</a>). They play an important role in shaping and maintaining disciplinary culture, fostering STEM awareness and education, and informing standards (<a href="#B6">Borman et al., 2010</a>; <a href="#B12">Chanderbhan-Forde et al., 2012</a>)
Society members and supporters are drawn from diverse STEM influencers
Because Societies shape disciplinary culture and serve diverse stakeholders
they provide multiple levers for STEM diversity
it has not been until the last decade that studies have explored Society members&#x00027; experiences
and strategies to guide Society DEI change
pushes for inclusive data collection to enable Societies to better serve underrepresented group members
&#x0201C;We can&#x00027;t solve the problems in a vacuum&#x02026;
We want to identify what kinds of challenges our members are facing and what [we] can do to be a partner and an educator in helping to create actionable steps toward solutions&#x0201D; (p
In 2017, the Alliance to Catalyze Change for Equity in STEM Success (ACCESS) brought together Minority Affairs Committee (MAC) leaders from five biological Societies to create collective impact around Societies&#x00027; DEI efforts. These leaders documented and disseminated information on challenges faced as they worked to create systematic inclusive change (<a href="#B29">Segarra et al., 2020a</a>,<a href="#B28">b</a>; <a href="#B25">Primus et al., 2022</a>)
ACCESS work demonstrates the value of bringing together Society DEI change leaders to support systematic change
this paper specifically explores the development of the Equity Environmental Scanning Tool (EEST) to help Society DEI change leaders gain a clearer picture of the ways in which the Society may differentially serve majority and minoritized members
Society mental models are manifest in the operations
in ideas about what research topics deserve funding
who is qualified to hold Society leadership positions
or whose research or scholarship deserves to be highlighted in convenings or society publications
Because Society mental models represent &#x0201C;how things are done&#x0201D; they can obfuscate the need for
and potentially create counter-pressure to
Self-assessment is a means of uncovering mental models, and is central to ACCESS&#x0002B;&#x00027;s approach to helping Societies take informed systematic action to advance DEI. Consistent with others (e.g., <a href="#B26">Ritchie and Dale, 2000</a>)
we argue that internally conducted Society self-assessment stimulates critical conversations; affords opportunity to record Society-identified DEI performance benchmarks; provides opportunity for collective recognition of strengths and weaknesses; centralizes data to inform reports and communications; and encourages ownership
Society culture reform begins with self-assessment
After reviewing a number of DEI self-assessment tools, we selected the Diversity and Inclusion Progression Framework for Professional Bodies (Framework), created by the <a href="#B27">Royal Academy of Engineering and Science Council (2021</a>) based in the United Kingdom
The Framework provided UK Societies with means for intra/inter Society DEI conversations; collective benchmarks; rationale for focused action; and for recognizing strengths and identifying blind spots&#x02014;efforts that have arguably made DEI progress more systematic and robust
We selected the Framework because it was developed by STEM Societies
had a history of meaningful use and application within and between Societies
with the latest iteration into a 10-frame model in 2021)
The Framework not only provided an existing tool specific to the ACCESS&#x0002B; target STEM Society audience
it provided evidentiary support for the beneficial use and application of such a tool
and explore the influential role in STEM culture reform Societies have through their choices of partnerships
Structural changes dealt with item wording and assessment changes that included the addition of a Likert scale
based on preliminary work with the original ACCESS societies
we found that asking Societies to report actual demographic data of their membership created a barrier to completing the tool; consequently
we revised the requirement to reduce demand
yet still provide important demographic information
by clarifying compositional categories (e.g.
gender) that informed data collection by Societies
throughout the adaptation and revision process
we consulted subject matter experts and Society DEI leaders to ensure changes
The EEST is currently undergoing ongoing piloting and refinement with a first ACCESS&#x0002B; cohort of the original 5 ACCESS biological societies
and a second cohort of 14 predominately engineering societies
Tool refinement efforts are informed by semi-structured interviews
and focus groups with Society cohort change leaders
as well as discussion and outcomes from Community of Practice meetings
Ongoing support for identified DEI actions (e.g.
helping Societies develop their data monitoring and reporting strategies)
as well as deeper exploration of EEST results and other cohort driven topics
is provided via monthly Society DEI change leaders&#x00027; Community of Practice meetings
Part 1 identifies twelve Functions representing typical operations that Societies may undertake
Societies complete only the Functions relevant to their operations
Part 2 explores Society data collection approaches on diversity representation; and Part 3 offers the opportunity to document DEI progress
Together these three Parts provide functional measurements
identify data collection that needs to be addressed
and promote distillation of organizational narratives so that DEI progress becomes part of the Society&#x00027;s benchmark records
the EEST provides a framework for Societies to undertake a rigorous review and reflection of what it is doing
to benefit members (and potential members)
The EEST Part 1 twelve society functions and descriptions
Within each of these 12 Society functions are three sections: (1) Management and Administration
Sections contain between 5 and 15 statements for consideration
We use these three sections to help understand how Societies are embedding DEI into strategies
Statements within each section are evaluated on a 5-point Likert Scale (0 = Never; 1 = Rarely; 2 = Sometimes; 3 = Often; and 4 = Always) to assess if
the case of DEI change is enacted in the operations of the society
A &#x0201C;Not Applicable&#x0201D; option is available for statements that do not apply to both individual statements and whole Functions
An overview of sections and example statements are provided below
An example statement in Section 1 for the &#x0201C;Governance and Leadership&#x0201D; Function is
&#x0201C;The society has a strategic plan that specifically addresses DEI.&#x0201D; Another example is
&#x0201C;The society&#x00027;s process for selection and/or election of Organizational Leadership is transparent
Procedures and Practices incorporates statements that explore the day-to-day operations and enforcements of policies in which norms and expectations are constructed
and programming is aligned (or not) with espoused leadership goals as related to DEI
for the &#x0201C;Awards and Recognition&#x0201D; Function
is &#x0201C;The Awards Team has developed and regularly reviews equitable criteria for selecting awardees.&#x0201D; Another example statement is
&#x0201C;The Awards Team engages with other STEM Professional Societies to develop society DEI good practices.&#x0201D;
The third section, Insights and Evaluation, asks respondents to consider statements &#x0201C;tracking key indicators of representation and equity; evaluating programmatic interventions and strengthening the institutional research infrastructure to improve data collection, analysis and use&#x0201D; (<a href="#B2">Bilimoria et al., 2008</a>) as related to DEI
for the &#x0201C;Publishing&#x0201D; Function
is &#x0201C;The Publishing Team has articulated what data it will collect from and about authors and how they will be used to inform inclusive publishing practices.&#x0201D; Another example statement is
&#x0201C;The Publishing Team agrees on what constitutes clear evidence of sustained behavioral and cultural change with regard to its DEI work.&#x0201D;
Part 1 statements are averaged for each of the 12 Functions
Averages for Functions and Sections are computed and interpreted based on the following five-point scale
&#x02022; No Activity (Scores = 0&#x02013;0.99): a case for DEI change has not been made
&#x02022; Idling (Scores = 1&#x02013;1.99): a case for change is emerging
data and insights are starting to be gathered
&#x02022; Developing (Scores = 2&#x02013;2.99): the case for DEI change is clear
responsibility and accountability being formalized
&#x02022; Engaging (Scores = 3&#x02013;3.99): the case for DEI change is well-established
sustained senior level support is in place
&#x02022; Transforming (Scores = 4): the case of DEI change is focused on transforming the culture and systems of the organization
Complex qualitative and quantitative data are being routinely
clear evidence of change in individual behavior and organizational culture
Society respondents are asked to provide information on how DEI efforts are measured by the Society for each of the 12 Functions covered in Part 1
instead Societies are asked to indicate demographic data collected based on &#x0201C;compositional&#x0201D; categories (e.g.
Part 3 asks the Society team completing the EEST to answer open-ended questions designed to gather information about areas of Society DEI successes and challenges; intersectional strategies employed in Society Functions
pilot efforts support the EEST&#x00027;s potential efficacy
along with ACCESS&#x0002B;&#x00027;s programming
to provide systemic support for Society leaders to create consequential DEI change
The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/supplementary material
further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author/s
JWP and RC-M completed an initial draft of the manuscript
GML and JWP completed the final revision of the manuscript
This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No
GML is the Director of ProActualize Consulting
a consulting business based in the United Kingdom focused on promotion and creation of evidence-based equity and inclusion across STEM education and employment
The remaining authors declare that the work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest
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The myth of meritocracy in the pharmaceutical sciences
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Keywords: science technology engineering mathematics (STEM)
Sims EL and Segarra VA (2022) Refining a DEI Assessment Tool for Use in Optimizing Professional STEM Societies for Gender Equity
Received: 08 August 2021; Accepted: 17 May 2022; Published: 14 June 2022
Copyright &#x000A9; 2022 Leibnitz, Peters, Campbell-Montalvo, Metcalf, Lucy Putwen, Gillian-Daniel, Sims and Segarra. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY)</a>
&#x0002A;Correspondence: Gretalyn M. Leibnitz, <a id="encmail">TGVpYm5pdHouQUNDRVNTcGx1c0BnbWFpbC5jb20=</a>; Jan W. Peters, <a id="encmail">amFuLnBldGVyc0BrYXRhbHl0aWsuY28udWs=</a>
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For the sixth time is Leibnitz host of the European Cup for Juniors. Last years characterised by Austria&rsquo;s great talents such as Kathrin Unterwurzacher, <a href="/eju/judoka/?judokaId=1681" title="Bernadette Graf" target="_blank">Bernadette Graf</a>, Tina Zeltner and <a href="/eju/judoka/?judokaId=3649" title="Daniel Allerstorfer" target="_blank">Daniel Allerstorfer</a>
now they have found the connection in the senior division
In Leibnitz more than 400 judoka are participating from 27 nations
Leibnitz is one of best Junior European Cups when it comes to participation
The event will be prolonged with the Training Camp
Leibnitz is the tenth European Cup for Juniors this season
In total 14 events will be held this year as qualification for the European Championships in the age U21 years in September in Sarajevo
Watch more information and the draw click&nbsp;<a title="Leibnitz" href="http://www.eju.net/calendar/?mode=showEvent&amp;id=1405" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">here</a>
Seven female and three male researchers are to receive the Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Prize this year – the most important award in Germany for researchers in the start-up phase of their career
This was decided by the Joint Committee of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG
German Research Foundation) on the recommendation of a selection committee appointed by it
the award winners will each receive a significantly increased amount of €200,000 instead of the previous amount of €20,000; this they can use for further research work for a period of up to three years
There is also a 22 percent programme allowance for indirect costs
the DFG has incorporated the prize firmly in its own funding portfolio
having previously awarded it jointly with the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
The award ceremony will be held in Berlin on 16 October 2023
Ze’ev Strauss has been a junior professor of Jewish religion at Universität Hamburg since 1 April 2022
Haskalah and Wissenschaft des Judentums (Science of Judaism)
which “investigates how traditional Jewish and Christian ideas are related and interlaced
thus historically re-embedding the discussion about the equality of Jewish citizens and the development of modern anti-Semitism.”
Ze’ev Strauss on his well-deserved success
The prize ranks among the most generously funded achievements for early career researchers in Germany
His success as a junior professor of Jewish religion highlights an important subject area and shows that excellent research is conducted across all disciplines at Universität Hamburg,” says University President Prof
Ze’ev Strauss studied philosophy at Heidelberg University and Jewish studies at the Hochschule für Jüdische Studien Heidelberg
he completed his doctoral degree at Heidelberg University with a dissertation titled Aufhellung des Judentums im Platonismus zu den jüdisch-platonischen Quellen des Deutschen Idealismus
dargestellt anhand von Hegels Auseinandersetzung mit Philon von Alexandria
Ze’ev Strauss was a postdoctoral research associate at Universität Hamburg’s Institute for Jewish Philosophy and Religion until 2019
Following a visiting professorship at the Hochschule für Jüdische Studien Heidelberg
he was a postdoctoral research associate at the University’s Maimonides Centre for Advanced Studies of Universität Hamburg from 2020-22
Strauss has been a junior professor at Universität Hamburg
he will start the new junior research group Emancipatio Rabbinica: Die Stellung der rabbinischen Literatur in den Debatten über den Status der Juden in der Moderne (1600–1900) im italienischen
deutschen und osteuropäischen Kontext within the DFG-funded Emmy Noether Program
The Heinz Maier-Leibnitz-Preis is named after the physicist and former president of the German Research Foundation and has been awarded since 1977 to honor researchers at an early stage of their career
The prize is intended to encourage and help recipients boost their academic career
The prize money can be used for further academic research for up to 3 years
The award ceremony in Berlin is scheduled for 4 June 2024
<a target="_blank" href="/en/newsroom/presse/2024/pm17/pm-17-24.pdf">Press release as PDF</a>
Innovating and Cooperating for a Sustainable Future in a Digital Age
The €40m hybrid Q-Exa system has a 20 qubit machine from <a href="https://www.eenewseurope.com/en/iqm-benchmarks-chip-on-the-road-to-150-qubit-quantum-computer/">IQM Quantum Computers</a> coupled to a supercomputer with 311,040 Xeon Skylake processor cores and a main memory of  719 TB
Test runs were successful and show that both technologies work together
The LRZ will soon open the system for researcher to boost Germany’s position as a technology hotspot for development work on future technology within the Munich Quantum Valley
<a href="https://www.eenewseurope.com/en/iqm-plans-french-quantum-computer-plant/">IQM plans French quantum computer plant  </a>
which includes Eviden and HQS Quantum Simulation
Q-Exa  is located for the first time in direct proximity to other high-performance computing systems at the LRZ and can soon be used by researchers via remote access for experiments and to develop algorithms or scientific codes
The aim of the project was to connect quantum processing units (QPU) based on superconducting circuits to a supercomputer and to develop interfaces and control tools for this purpose
The 26.9 PetaFlop/s supercomputer uses the <a href="https://www.eenewseurope.com/en/uk-vc-leads-spinout-of-intel-data-centre-technnology/">Intel OmniPath network</a> 100 Gbit/s technology connecting to 64 Nvidia V100 GPU cores
The system is currently being upgraded with the latest Intel Sapphire Rapids CPU cores
specialists at the LRZ and partner institutions of the Munich Quantum Valley also developed the prototype of the Munich Quantum Software Stack (MQSS)
This integrates quantum systems into the workflows of supercomputers and is supplemented by other quantum technologies
this program package will soon be available to researchers as an open-source version
“The quantum computing mission is flying at a high pace in Bavaria: the world&#8217;s first full integration of a quantum computer into a conventional supercomputer is an international breakthrough and strengthens Bavaria&#8217;s position as a global hotspot for one of the defining technologies of the 21st century,” said Markus Blume
Bavarian State Minister for Science and the Arts
“The development of the Q-Exa computer is an outstanding success for the Leibniz Supercomputing Centre
as well as our research and technology cooperation Munich Quantum Valley
which has received 300 million euros from the Hightech Agenda Bayern &#8211; and yet it is only the beginning: the next milestone will be the opening of the Q-Exa system at the LRZ in a pilot operation for researchers
They will then be able to test and further develop their own application ideas.”
<a href="https://www.eenewseurope.com/en/e1m-buys-iqms-5-qubit-superconducting-on-premises-quantum-computer/">€1m buys IQM&#8217;s 5 qubit superconducting on-premises quantum computer</a>
“Q-Exa is the first milestone for the integration of quantum computers into high-performance computing
We are very proud of this joint achievement of the Q-Exa consortium
and we hope to be able to further optimise the next generation of our processors with these partners and thus enrich supercomputing and science,” said Dr
Co-CEO and Co-founder of IQM Quantum Computers
“We are currently building the future of computing
Q-Exa is a key project for our activities at the LRZ Quantum Integration Center
we have managed to integrate the first quantum computer into our supercomputers in a short timeframe and make it ready for use in science &#8211; we are very excited to see how the hybrid system proves itself in everyday work and how we can use it to further develop the future technology of quantum computing,&#8221; said Prof
<a href="https://www.meetiqm.com">www.meetiqm.com</a>
Following the European Cup Juniors in Leibnitz
Around 300 athletes from 20 nations are using the perfect facilities in Leibnitz
Andrea Bekic (CRO) and Tina Zeltner (AUT) are on the mat to prepare for the upcoming World Championships in August in Rio de Janeiro
the TUM website and its elements will be displayed in either dark or light
The settings are stored on your computer and not transferred to the server
Julijana Gjorgjieva is awarded the Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Prize
Julijana Gjorgjieva will be awarded with the Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Prize this year
It is considered the most important award in Germany for scientists in their early career stages
The decision was made by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG
German Research Foundation) and the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
Gjorgjieva is a research group leader at the Max Planck Institute for Brain Research in Frankfurt/Main and a Professor of Computational Neuroscience at Technical University of Munich (TUM)
Her research focuses on understanding how the activity in the brain
generated spontaneously in the nervous system or triggered by external stimuli
establishes the organization of an entire neuronal network in the first weeks shortly after birth
 Her group aims to understand at a theoretical level how mammalian neural circuits self-organize and to determine how visual stimulus changes
To answer these and other related questions
Gjorgjieva uses computational and mathematical approaches and studies computations at the level of individual neurons and entire neuronal networks - and does so very effectively
also in collaborative work with experimental research groups
„I am honored to receive the Heinz Maier Leibniz prize and want to thank my group
collaborators and mentors who have supported me throughout my career”
 “The Technical University of Munich is proud to have Prof
and to work together with the Max Planck Society in attracting and supporting the world’s top young scientists to establish their careers in Munich and Germany”
TUM Senior Vice President for research and innovation
Gjorgjieva is an outstanding example of what we are after: brilliant
in her case on the topic of natural neural networks
We wish her much further success in unlocking the mysteries of the brain.“  Prof
managing director at the Max Planck Institute for Brain Research also congratulates Gjorgjieva on this great step: “We are extremely proud of Julijana Gjorgjieva’s achievements and very happy that they have been recognized with this well-deserved award.”
the Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Prize has been awarded annually to outstanding early career researchers who do not hold a fixed-term professorship yet
The prize serves as recognition and at the same time as an incentive to continue this career independently and purposefully
it has been named after the nuclear physicist and early DFG President Heinz Maier-Leibnitz
during whose term of office (1974-1979) it was first awarded
The Heinz Meier-Leibnitz Prize is considered the most important prize in Germany for promoting scientists at an early stage of their careers
It is endowed with 20,000 euro and will be granted to ten researchers this year
The award ceremony for the prize will take place on May 3rd in Berlin
<a href="https://www.professoren.tum.de/en/gjorgjieva-julijana" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://www.professoren.tum.de/en/gjorgjieva-julijana</a>
Prof. Dr. Julijana Gjorgjieva Technical University of Munich Max Planck Insitute for Brain Research +49 69 850033 3600 <a href="#" data-mailto-token="hvdgoj5bejmbedzqvVoph9yz" data-mailto-vector="-5">gjorgjievaspam prevention@tum.de</a>
TUM scientist wins the most important German award for young talent
Max Planck Society and TUM launch new career path for young researchers
Airbus · Altana · Audi · Bayerischer&nbsp;Bauindustrieverband · BMW · Bosch · Busch Vacuum&nbsp;· Clariant · Dräxlmaier · Evonik Industries · Google · Herrenknecht · HUAWEI · Infineon · Linde · MAN · Nestlé · Rohde&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Schwarz · RWE · SAP · SGL Carbon · Siemens · TRUMPF · TÜV-Süd · Vereinigung der Bayerischen Wirtschaft · Volkswagen · Wacker Chemie
147.45.197.102 : 947b223b-fde9-4f57-8434-d6435fe3
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researchers have assumed that the two-legged dinosaurs known as oviraptorids
which lived in Central Asia during the Upper Cretaceous (from 88 to 66 million years)
should be placed between modern crocodiles and birds with regard to their reproductive biology
Crocodiles bury their eggs and the offspring hatch at the same time
hatching in the nest often happens at different times
Switzerland and the Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum in Garching
paleontologists from the University of Bonn have now investigated how differently the development of embryos in three 67 million years old oviraptorid egg fossils from the Ganzhou Basin of Jiangxi Province in China had progressed
"Oviraptorid eggs are found relatively frequently in Central Asia
but most of them are removed from the context of their discovery," said Thomas Engler
"Often it is then no longer discernible whether the eggs are from a single clutch."
"This is different with the fossils we've examined: We found a pair of eggs and another egg together embedded in a block of rock," said Dr
who discovered the unusual find during an excavation near the city of Ganzhou in China
This led the researchers to conclude that the 7-inch (18cm) eggs were laid almost at the same time by a female oviraptorid
Yang completed his doctorate at the Institute for Geosciences at the University of Bonn and now works as a researcher at the National Museum of Natural Sciences in Taiwan
The researchers tried to estimate whether the baby dinosaurs would have hatched at the same time or at different times based on the developmental stage of the embryos in the three eggs
The length of the bones in the egg plays an important role here
"The embryo with comparatively longer bones is more developed," said Yang
Another indication is the extent to which the bones are connected to each other
A more strongly connected skeleton suggests a higher developmental stage of the dinosaur embryo
But how is it possible to determine the position of bones inside a fossilized dinosaur egg
The paleontologists at the University of Bonn initially tried to do this with the institute's own X-ray microcomputer tomograph
it was not possible to distinguish the bones from the surrounding rock," says Engler
the researchers took the dinosaur eggs to the research neutron source of the Technical University of Munich at the Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum in Garching
"The high penetration depth of the neutrons at the NECTAR and ANTARES facilities made it possible to visualize the internal structures," said Malgorzata Makowska
who was in charge of measurements and analyses at the MLZ and is now carrying out research at the Swiss neutron source PSI
The length and position of the embryo bones led the researchers to conclude that the single egg must have been laid earlier than the pair of eggs in the same clutch
the embryos of the pair were also at different developmental stages
The researchers used these to measure the thickness of the eggshells
The developing embryo absorbs part of the shell because it needs calcium for its growing skeleton
"The more material is removed from the egg shell
the more advanced the embryo's development," said Yang
the scientists conclude that the reproductive biology of oviraptorids were similar to that of modern birds
The results argue against the strategy of crocodiles or turtles
which all emerge from their eggs at the same time
This has brought the researchers one step closer to the life of the long extinct oviraptorids
the study shows that exploring fossils with neutrons yields novel scientific results," said Engler
<a href="https://www.uni-bonn.de/news/012-2020" target="_blank">Republished courtesy of University of Bonn.&#160;</a>Photo:&#160;The three oviraptorid eggs studied by scientists at the University of Bonn and the TU Munich
did you know that fermata are elongated notes on a music score
But that’s just one of the revelations in this week’s melodious episode
though she insists on calling her Mrs Neilsen
A man is found killed in a musical instrument – surely
Raph means he was killed by a musical instrument
At least he died in magnificent surroundings
Pathologist Fournier seems to be remarkably incompetent at the moment – he misses a bloodstain which shows the man died before he fell
He redeems himself in the autopsy by finding evidence of an aneurysm
evidence of bullying and possible blackmail has emerged
(The main suspect is a wispy young musician
whose career has clearly been cut short by injury)
who is being bullied by tyrannical conductor Leibnitz
but when he also dies in the auditorium of an apparent heart attack
cracks the case when she listens to recordings and detects an errant signal during the&nbsp;fermata&nbsp;– a low-frequency device planted in the organ has interfered with Leibnitz’s heart valve
after accidentally triggering Hugo’s aneurysm
this presumably carries the identity of the murderer – and so it proves
as Bénédicte is tracked down by Astrid’s masterful analysis of Leibnitz’s recordings
Here is a case where (as well as her love of Bach)
in this instance her hyperacusis or sensitivity to sound
has helped her to solve a puzzle – but it also results in her having a melt-down when
Raph fires a shot to prevent Bénédicte killing herself (not standard procedure
Raph blames herself for missing Astrid’s increasing distress
but Astrid has her mother to help her recover
as well as friend William from the support group
She also has Tetsuo Tanaka from her favourite shop
like the bean-counting trick William teaches her
The mechanics of his case struck us a bit unlikely – where did Bénédicte learn to make an infrasound emitter
How did she know about Leibnitz’s particular heart device
– but it all rattles along harmoniously enough
and we all learn something useful along the way – like
don’t sit too close to the organ at a Bach recital
READ MORE: <a href="https://thekillingtimestv.wordpress.com/2023/03/31/review-astrid-murder-in-paris-s2-e1-8/">OUR EPISODE ONE REVIEW</a>
READ MORE: <a href="https://thekillingtimestv.wordpress.com/2023/04/07/review-astrid-murder-in-paris-s2-e2-8/">OUR EPISODE TWO REVIEW</a>
READ MORE: <a href="https://thekillingtimestv.wordpress.com/2023/04/14/review-astrid-murder-in-paris-s2-e3-8/">OUR EPISODE THREE REVIEW</a>
Astrid: Murder In Paris airs on More4 and All4 in the UK
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</a>Menu.page-20329084{--colorD:#a4b8ff;--colorJ:#a4b8ff;--gradientTransparentJ:#a4b8ff00;--colorDC:#a4b8ff;--colorDA:#a4b8ff;--colorDF:#a4b8ff;--colorJD:#a4b8ff;--colorDJ:#a4b8ff;--colorJF:#a4b8ff;--colorJG:#a4b8ff;--colorDDC:#a4b8ff;--colorDTransparent:#a4b8ff;--colorJTransparent:#a4b8ff}CultureGottfried Wilhelm Leibniz: How the ‘I Ching’ Inspired His Binary SystemThe 5,000-year-old text struck a chord
Wikimedia / Ad MeskensWhile <a href="https://www.inverse.com/article/46589-gottfried-wilhelm-leibniz-4-quotes-future-of-computing">Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz</a>’s work has influenced centuries of technological innovation
his own influences included Chinese philosophy and divination manuals recorded as early as 1000 BC
On Sunday, Leibniz’s 372nd birthday was honored with a Google Doodle. The 17th-century philosopher and mathematician <a href="https://www.inverse.com/article/46587-gottfried-wilhelm-leibniz-binary-system">developed the binary number system that is still being used today</a>
but his approach to writing in binary code made direct references to the hexagrams and cosmological ideas found in the 9th-century manual
concluding that Europe would do well to adopt a Confucian ethical tradition
Later historians would link Leibniz’s Monadologie
— his best-known work and theory that the universe is made of an infinite number of simple substances — to early Confucian thought
Leibniz’s research of Eastern philosophy extended to earlier periods of thought
and he wrote extensively about the 9th-century divination manual
was first assembled during China’s Western Zhou period and offered both cosmological maps and philosophical ideas
Leibniz wrote about his own fascination with the manual and noted that the text’s hexagrams corresponded with the binary numbers from 000000 to 111111
arguing that the authors were much more advanced in mathematics than Leibniz’s contemporaries believed
In one such text, succinctly titled “Explanation of the binary arithmetic, which uses only the characters 1 and 0, with some remarks on its usefulness, and on the light it throws on the ancient Chinese figures of Fu Xi,” Leibniz looks at the binary code of I Ching, <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/mar/21/ancient-book-wisdom-i-ching-computer-binary-code" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">represented as Yin and Yang</a>
He argued that all matter can be represented in binary sequencing as ones and zeros
which he identifies as terms that represent polar abstract concepts
A diagram of I Ching hexagrams with Leibniz's notations
the I Ching uses a complex binary code in its formation of hexagrams
Yin is notated as a broken line while Yang is notated as an unbroken line
These lines are then used in a set of three to form eight trigraphs
By seeing binary representation in ancient texts
Leibniz was compelled to continue his own writing of binary systems
became the language of modern computing still being used today
thus linking a 5,000-year-old text to the formation of the digital age
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As Leibniz put it: “If an ontological theory implies the existence of two scenarios that are empirically indistinguishable in principle but ontologically distinct ..
then the ontological theory should be rejected and replaced with one relative to which the two scenarios are ontologically identical.”
if a theory describes two situations as being distinct
and yet also implies that there is no conceivable way
then that theory contains some superfluous and arbitrary elements that ought to be removed
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Tobias Erb and Moritz Helmstaedter are honoured with the most important German research prize
which comes with prize money of 2.5 million euros each
has been awarded annually by the German Research Foundation (DFG) since 1986
 A total of 445 nominees have received the prize to date
including 371 male and 74 female scientists
The award ceremony will take place on 13 March 2024 in Berlin
A portrait of the two Max Planck scientists:
Tobias Erb is Director at the Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology in Marburg
Tobias Erb conducts research at the Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology in Marburg
His focus is on researching the metabolic pathways of microorganisms
especially those involved in the conversion of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2)
At the interface between molecular biology
he investigates the structure and function of microbial biocatalysts (enzymes)
modifies their properties using synthetic biology methods and assembles metabolic pathways that have not arisen in natural evolution
Tobias Erb utilises these metabolic pathways in natural and artificial cells
interdisciplinary research opens up new approaches for the development of technologies to tackle the climate crisis
Microorganisms use sunlight or hydrogen to fix CO2 in the form of organic compounds
This enables them to utilise the problematic greenhouse gas CO2 as a source of carbon
With Tobias Erb&apos;s synthetic metabolic pathways
CO2 can be extracted from the air in a similar way - but even more efficiently than in nature - and fed into material cycles
He and his team recently succeeded in constructing an artificial chloroplast and coupling electrical current directly to metabolic conversions in order to produce the biochemical energy carrier ATP
This could be used to produce valuable materials from simple carbon compounds in a sustainable way
Tobias Erb&apos;s research thus opens up far-reaching possibilities for the development of sustainable processes in biotechnology and the capture of CO2 from the atmosphere
Tobias Erb received his doctorate in microbiology from the University of Freiburg in 2009
After research stays in the USA and Switzerland
he became Head of the Department of Biochemistry and Synthetic Metabolism in 2014 and Director at the Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology in 2017
He has also been a professor at the Philipps University of Marburg since 2022
Moritz Helmstaedter is a researcher at the Max Planck Institute for Brain Research in Frankfurt
Moritz Helmstaedter is being awarded the Leibniz Prize for his pioneering work in the field of neuroscience
which has led to a fundamentally new understanding of the three-dimensional organisation and function of mammalian brain circuits
Helmstaedter was able to develop instruments and technologies that allow systematic and at the same time high-resolution access to the densely packed neuronal networks in the brain
He is thus one of the founders of the field of connectomics
which reveals the basic principles of brain organisation from the reconstruction of thousands of neurons and their synaptic connections
His analyses of a dense local connectome of more than 200,000 synapses disproved the assumptions about the functioning of neuronal connectivity that had been valid for decades; as a result of his work
science now assumes that the individual synapses are connected with high precision
Helmstaedter had to solve a number of methodological problems
such as how to prepare large tissue samples
in order to precisely record the neuron population
This has also enabled him to answer questions about the fundamental differences between the human brain and the brains of other mammalian species
Moritz Helmstaedter has been Director at the Max Planck Institute for Brain Research in Frankfurt am Main since 2014
he has also held the position of Associate Professor for Neuronal Networks at Radboud University Nijmegen in the Netherlands
He had previously turned down appointments at the Janelia Research Campus in Virginia (USA) and ETH Zurich
The trained physicist and qualified doctor completed his doctorate at the Max Planck Institute for Medical Research in Heidelberg
Two female Leibniz Prize winners and ten male Leibniz Prize winners have also received the Nobel Prize after being honoured with the most important research prize in Germany: 1988 Hartmut Michel (Chemistry)
1991 Erwin Neher and Bert Sakmann (both Medicine)
1995 Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard (Medicine)
2020 Emmanuelle Charpentier (Chemistry) and Reinhard Genzel (Physics)
2022 Svante Pääbo (Medicine) and 2023 Ferenc Krausz (Physics)
All the honourees are Max Planck scientists
THE heiress of German Choco Leibnitz biscuit empire sparked outrage after insisting the company did &quot;nothing wrong&quot; by using slave labourers in the Nazi era
Verena Bahlsen, 25, whose dad owns the Bahlsen Company that makes the famous biscuits, told Bild newspaper the firm employed some 200 forced labourers during <a href="https://www.thesun.co.uk/topic/world-war-2/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer">World War Two</a>.
The 25-year-old told Bild Newspaper: &quot;This was before my time and we paid the forced labourers exactly as much as German workers and we treated them well.
Most of the forced labourers at Hanover-based Bahlsen were women, many from Nazi-occupied Ukraine.
German politicians criticised her remarks and some social media users called for a boycott of Bahlsen biscuits.
Lars Klingbeil, secretary general of the centre-left Social Democrats, told the newspaper: &quot;If you inherit such a large estate you also inherit responsibility and should not come across as aloof.”
In a statement, Bahlsen said it was aware of the moral responsibility that comes with being one of dozens of German companies that used forced labour during the Nazi dictatorship.
The mass company has annual sales exceeding £435.5million.
The statement said: &quot;The company is aware of the big suffering and injustice experienced by forced labourers and many more people at the time and recognises its historical and moral responsibility.”
Bahlsen also says it voluntarily paid £651,000 in 2000-2001 to a foundation set up by German firms to compensate 20 million forced labourers used by the Nazis.
Former forced labourers have failed in individual lawsuits to obtain compensation from Bahlsen. German courts have cited statute of limitations laws.
she said: &quot;I own a fourth of Bahlsen and I am very happy about that
&quot;I want to earn money and buy a sailing yacht.”
Our journalists strive for accuracy but on occasion we make mistakes. For further details of our complaints policy and to make a complaint please click this link: <a href="https://www.thesun.co.uk/editorial-complaints/">thesun.co.uk/editorial-complaints/</a>
Katharina Tanzer sieht man das Kämpferherz nicht auf den ersten Blick an
sportlichen Lebensmittelpunkt gefunden hat
kam mit 18 nach Wien und zufällig zu dem Verein
„Ich hab ihr dann gesagt: Wenn du jeden Tag g‘scheit trainierst
bringe ich dich zu Olympia.“ Und Tanzer trainierte
der seinem Schützling aber auch die vielen grauen Haare zuschreibt
Tanzer verwob ihr sportliches Leben mit dem Trainer
Verzweiflung und der Gedanke aufzuhören waren schon ganz nah
Beinahe sprichwörtlich: Denn der ist Trainer in Leibnitz
Sie bewohnt ein Zimmer im Haus des Trainers
im Garten zu arbeiten – ich hab dort Tomaten
Brachte Tanzer dafür auch noch das Autofahren wieder bei
Mit der Qualifikation für Olympia hat sich ein Lebenstraum erfüllt für Tanzer
Und doch musste sie die Eröffnungsfeier auslassen
denn: Sie ist am Samstag die erste des österreichischen Teams
denn die heutige Eröffnung fällt auch noch zusammen mit ihrem Geburtstag
Aber die will ich vor dem Kampf gar nicht wirklich wissen
In Runde eins wartet mit Ka Lee Wong aus Hongkong die Nummer 57 der Welt
In Runde zwei würde dann mit Weltmeisterin Baasankhuu Bavuudorj aus der Mongolei
dann aber schon ein echtes „Schwergewicht“ unter den Superleichtgewichten warten
Sie hat dem Judo (und damit quasi auch dem Diktat von Rohrauer) alles untergeordnet
hat drei Wohnsitze (in Gresten bei den Eltern
Denn Rohrauer ist an sich schon im Ruhestand
Die Pension hat er „für die Kathi“ hinausgezögert
bei Olympia selbst ist er aber nicht dabei
wie Tanzer sagt: „Bei mir geht viel über die Ausdauer
Den will sich Tanzer nach der Judo-Karriere zulegen
Um gemeinsam den Garten unsicher zu machen..
But if you lift your head from the trough of despair
there's another picture of this country today
which in my writing lifetime has grown from a charming
efficient but low-audience bolt-on to the festival to the marquee-magnificence of Charlotte Square
About 240,000 people turn up over the fortnight to listen to poets
which in festival time looks as if Henry VII had tented his army on the way to Westminster
And the flourishing small festivals in Keswick
booming as in the good old days of the Victorian Lit and Phil Societies
Music festivals of the highest quality all over the land
bigger than any theatre festival on the planet
who provide daily evidence of anti-dumbing down
Another example of this is In Our Time on <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/media/radio4" data-link-name="in body link" data-component="auto-linked-tag">Radio 4</a>
The BBC has just launched a new bespoke In Our Time site on the web
Every edition of the programme ever broadcast is now streamed on the site
The archive page offers the widest selection of tools to explore
This silver service treatment for programmes on Schopenhauer
And for programmes on the Fibonacci sequence
These 45-minute programmes at 9.02 on Radio 4 are now bringing in more than two million listeners. That's more than Newsnight or any arts series on television. They bring in a young audience and we've just learnt that the In Our Time website is the most popular on <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/media/bbc" data-link-name="in body link" data-component="auto-linked-tag">BBC</a> Radio
and the fourth most popular of the entire BBC output
I don't think it's claiming too much to say that the audience outstripped expectation
Certainly mine: in 1998 I thought it would last about six months and be hard put to hold the half-million audience
Adam Cohen wrote in the New York Times: &quot;In Our Time
is in a class of its own … they talk about arcane topics from history
throwing off casual asides on subjects like Freud's theory of 'gain through illness' – the idea that people become neurotic because it's useful for them… Recently the show has delved into the 1692 Glencoe massacre in Scotland and aired a four-part series on the Royal Society… It made the episode on Silas Marner
Praise from such quarters is a reliable endorsement
But appreciation from the listeners who write in and follow the programme emphasises my original point that this country is quietly
and nothing is too abstruse or arcane for them to take on and cope with
There's a growing caucus in this society that is intellectual
autodidactic and boldly catholic in its interests
The programme started in 1998 when I was asked to leave Start The Week
I wanted to get myself an education and hope others did
I wanted a programme that stuck to one subject only
that was about ideas and not the reviewing or promoting of books or plays
as intelligent as I could cope with and as eclectic as we could dare to be
the erudition and sheer gameness of some of our finest academics
the programme called on three teaching academics
The &quot;teaching&quot; is important; it was essential that they were used to sailing into seminars and discussions with undergraduates and graduates
and finding ways to explain new and often difficult ideas clearly
When you look at some of the cast lists we've had
Justin Champion … And I'm pleased that we've taken religion seriously
but I wanted a substantial list to hammer home the wide participation from that rather diffident reservoir of university talent which is too often undervalued
It is exhilarating to see them steering their lifetime's scholarship into conversations a thousand miles from soundbites
and deliver the best of what they are working on
And whether they're talking about anti-matter or alchemy
the Fibonacci sequence or a serious address to the notion of angels
We did a programme on the Renaissance and then went on to do Renaissance astrology
over the years digging deeper and I hope getting closer to the heart of the matter
as well as attempting a steady pursuit of physics
we have also done several programmes on Arabic culture between the eighth and 12th centuries
something about which I had been taught nothing either at school or at university
confident that the Dark Ages applied all over the world in those centuries
of the great translators and mathematicians
despite their essential contribution to Renaissance thought
Mark Damazer's controllership of Radio 4 has enabled us to paint a bigger canvas a couple of times
We started with a four-parter on Charles Darwin
with extraordinary contributors – Steve Jones
But what distinguished these programmes is that we went on the road
We did part of the programme in Darwin's house and garden
the Natural History Museum and the Linnaean Society vault
But the idea of three people talking intensely about Darwin was always the core
We toured around like a little band of pilgrims
stopping every so often at a shrine to assess the journey so far and praise the wonders of it
Similarly this year we did a four-parter on the 350th anniversary of the Royal Society (RS)
Again we moved around the colleges and coffee houses and pubs and
in the RS charter it said it was devoted &quot;to the glory of God the Creator and the advantage of the human race ...&quot; Yet the Fellows were forbidden to meddle &quot;with divine metaphysics and morals&quot;
But all the key players in science around that time – Copernicus
Galileo and Newton – understood what was at stake in the revolution they were engineering: the place and fate of the soul
Newton's proof that all space obeyed the same laws abolished the separate and different space kept by Aristotle
Augustine and Aquinas for God and the soul
What place did God and his faith have in the new philosophy
the new knowledge that was the grail of the founding fellows of the RS 350 years ago
That idea of the providential nature of the development of science in this country was just one of the many revelations for me in that quartet of programmes
Some of the contributors have seldom been on radio
by how skillfully they explain their subject
I think they represent this country just as much as the whooping carnival
This is the archive of The Observer up until 21/04/2025
The Observer is now owned and operated by Tortoise Media
Zhu receives the award from Quennet-Thielen
<a href="http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/trending/2015-08/11/content_21561182.htm" atremote="1" style="color:#4c4c4c;" target="_blank">In today's trending, beer drinking competition has contestants drinking from basins, bland watermelon leads to police case, raising money for sick child with suanlafen and heat drives monkeys to disturb residents.</a>
<a href="http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/tibet50years/index.html" target="_blank" atremote="1">50th anniversary of Tibet autonomous region</a>
<a href="http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/entrepreneursinchina/index.html" target="_blank" atremote="1">Post-90s entrepreneurs in China</a>
Enzo Diessl is one of the greatest talents in athletics that Austria has ever seen
The hurdler has already qualified for the Olympics in his first year in the general class
the 20-year-old only sees realistic chances of winning a medal in four years' time
"It took me some time to answer all the messages," grins Enzo Diessl
At just 20 years old and in his first year in the general class
the hurdler made it to the Olympics straight away
Also because an athlete's career is limited
And the next chance wouldn't come for another four years."
Successes: European U20 champion in Jerusalem (2023)
victory at the Balkan Championships in Izmir (2024)
semi-final at the European Championships in Rome (2024)
fifth place at the U20 World Championships in Cali (2022)
world best (13.11 seconds) in the U23 for 2023
"I'm most looking forward to the great atmosphere
I have no expectations for my performance," says Enzo honestly
I'm quite realistic about the fact that I won't be half a second faster." But he sees 10 to 15 hundredths as feasible
I have to be much better to be at the front
I want to achieve that in four years' time." In the last test before the Olympics in Lucerne
Enzo once again impressed with his time of 13.61 in the 110 m hurdles
Among the best in the worldDiessl is regarded as the talent of the century
he ran the fastest time in the U23 category worldwide
"He said as a child that he wanted to go to the Olympics
Enzo is characterized by his perfectionism and determination," says Beate Hochleitner
who has been coaching the hurdler since his early days
Enzo already said as a child that he wanted to go to the Olympics
The son of an Argentinean and a German will arrive on July 31
I also want to take a close look at the Olympic Village and everything around it," grins Enzo
But he immediately clarifies with a wink: "I'm still there as a competitor and not as a tourist!"
"Optimal preparation is important in order to be in top form
You can't let yourself be overwhelmed - it's a race like any other," says Enzo calmly
There is no such thing as real luck in sport
a little lucky charm in his luggage provides support from above
"I have a little photo of my mom with a guardian angel on it
There are a few words in Spanish on the back." Then nothing can go wrong in Paris
This article has been automatically translated,read the original article&nbsp;<a href='https://www.krone.at/3450879' target='_blank'>here</a>
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