« Back Monday World Subscribers only Montreal's springtime potholes are becoming political 2018."> World Subscribers only Rapper Diddy's trial for sex trafficking begins World Subscribers only Far right clinches overwhelming victory in first round of Romanian presidential election World Subscribers only Kenneth Roth: 'Human rights can be defended without the US' World Subscribers only Founder of Sant'Egidio community fears next pope could undo Francis's legacy Opinion Subscribers only 'Russian gas and Europe is an old story that ended badly Economy Subscribers only Europe's steel industry flattened by crisis World Subscribers only How European countries plan to fund defense efforts France French rail strikes: Traffic will be 'strongly disrupted' in Paris region commuter trains on Monday France Subscribers only Macron announces citizens' convention on school schedules France Subscribers only 21 charged over French prison attacks as investigation narrows in on drug traffickers France Subscribers only French mosque stabber was driven by 'morbid fascination,' prosecutor says Videos World expos: From Paris 1855 to Osaka 2025 Videos How the Trump administration is attacking scientific research in the US Videos Tesla cars set on fire in Las Vegas as calls to boycott Musk's company grow worldwide Videos Can France's nuclear deterrent protect Europe Opinion Subscribers only 'The trade war creates new opportunities for Europeans and France' Opinion Subscribers only 'It is pointless to imagine a significant wave of American academics leaving' Opinion Subscribers only 'Faced with Trump is global finance a stabilizing force or an enormous bubble on the verge of bursting?' Editorial The danger of a double standard for Islam Magazine Subscribers only Tracking down the pianos taken from French Jews during the Nazi Occupation Magazine Subscribers only Eve Rodsky the American helping couples balance the mental load Magazine Subscribers only Desecration or more glory Joan Didion's private diaries are revealed Magazine Subscribers only For Jewish cartoonist Joann Sfar 2025."> Pixels Subscribers only Golden Owl solution is revealed but leaves players of 31-year hunt disappointed Pixels Subscribers only Secrets of decades-long Golden Owl treasure hunt to be revealed Lifestyle Inside Chanel's French leather workshops Culture Subscribers only The marvelous bronzes of Angkor on display at the Musée Guimet in Paris After the legal age for enlistment was lowered from 27 to 25 But there is considerable criticism about violence by recruiters the social disparities in the selection of recruits and the poor quality of training for new soldiers By Thomas d’Istria (Kyiv A recently mobilized soldier camouflages himself during drone attack training ADRIEN VAUTIER / LE PICTORIUM FOR LE MONDE It was 7 am the air was still cool and dozens of civilians were already waiting outside the army recruitment center The guards opened the heavy doors to clusters of men and grim-faced women often mothers dragging their children by the arm "We call it the place of tears," said Yuri Nesterenko a 49-year-old former front-line soldier who was reassigned to this recruitment center on the outskirts of Kyiv following an injury the recruitment of new soldiers has picked up speed All had answered the call of their relatives who had been arrested the day before by recruiting agents as they went about their business in the city of Kyiv around 100 of them were waiting to see their families one last time before leaving His military documents had not been updated "He was happy to see us," said Volodymyr Valovyi who traveled with part of the family to see his cousin "He was worried that he wouldn't be able to see his family before he left," said the student You have 79.88% of this article left to read Lecture du Monde en cours sur un autre appareil Vous pouvez lire Le Monde sur un seul appareil à la fois Ce message s’affichera sur l’autre appareil Parce qu’une autre personne (ou vous) est en train de lire Le Monde avec ce compte sur un autre appareil Vous ne pouvez lire Le Monde que sur un seul appareil à la fois (ordinateur En cliquant sur « Continuer à lire ici » et en vous assurant que vous êtes la seule personne à consulter Le Monde avec ce compte Que se passera-t-il si vous continuez à lire ici Ce dernier restera connecté avec ce compte Vous pouvez vous connecter avec votre compte sur autant d’appareils que vous le souhaitez mais en les utilisant à des moments différents Nous vous conseillons de modifier votre mot de passe Votre abonnement n’autorise pas la lecture de cet article merci de contacter notre service commercial Mayor Ken Welch called teachers true heroes whose passion and devotion spark curiosity and foster long-lasting opportunities for students said her math teacher embodies those and many more attributes successful educators typically possess Adam Zele as a “math nerd” who ensures learning the subject is bearable and fun she said his heart sets him apart from other teachers stays with students during lunch and stays after school just to help them understand math he is always there to make sure someone is there for them.” The Pinellas Education Foundation agreed with Julia’s sentiments as Zele was named Pinellas County Schools (PCS) 2023 Teacher of the Year The foundation recognized his impact at the district’s annual Evening of Excellence ceremony held Wednesday night at the Mahaffey Theater Zele showed up to Azalea Middle in a limousine Thursday morning as part of his award He also received a five-night Hawaiian getaway an “outstanding educator” ring and a private suite from the Tampa Bay Rays for Rays Up for Education night at Tropicana Field After PCS Superintendent Kevin Hendrick announced that Zele had emerged from 10 finalists – all introduced to attendees earlier in the night by grateful students – Zele said he wanted to “go off the script just a teeny bit it’s because I have had the privilege of having some of the most incredible students,” Zele said he invited his students to join him on stage Pinellas County Schools Superintendent Kevin Hendrick (left) with Adam Zele Zele sponsors students through the Take Stock in Children program He also chairs the school’s math department “Being a teacher is the greatest honor of my life.” Those roles aligned with his bachelor’s degree in economics from the University of Pennsylvania and his master’s in divinity and doctorate in history and religion from Duke University Zele said he enjoyed every position’s teaching aspect the most He credited the mentors and instructors in PCS’ Transition to Teaching program for helping him find his calling Zele was one of 130 teachers chosen by their respective schools as Teacher of the Year They became nominees for the county’s top honor and the Education Foundation then whittled the group down to the 10 finalists Hendrick explained how he challenged the district’s educators to elevate the student experience this year and provide “something remarkable” daily He added that the nominees and finalists exemplified that mission and the experiences shared through their students’ videos represent classrooms throughout the county “Especially because I know there are so many other incredible teachers in this room “Getting to work with people like these three young ladies up here is a privilege beyond words Adam Zele (third from right) with students from Azalea Middle School following his win Add your idea below. Review Catalyst posting guidelines here. By posting a comment, I have read, understand and agree to the Posting Guidelines Δdocument.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value" Δdocument.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value" Δdocument.getElementById( "ak_js_3" ).setAttribute( "value" Five ways to give back and get involved in St Local success fuels architectural firm’s Dubai expansion Pete’s Rachel Prather brings home a bit of Broadway The Catalyst honors its name by aggregating & curating the sparks that propel the St Pete engine.  It is a modern news platform, powered by community sourced content and augmented with directed coverage your perspective and your spark to the St Pete Catalyst and take your seat at the table Δdocument.getElementById( "ak_js_4" ).setAttribute( "value" Privacy Policy | Copyright © 2020 The St Petersburg Group Enter the details of the person you want to share this article with the zegato zele was way ahead of its time, offering an 100% electric vehicle echoing the 100% electric smart car that didn’t appear until over 30 years later in 2008. now up for auction via RM sotheby’s which is offering a zele ‘1000’ – designated as such due to the wattage available from its marelli electric motor with a glass fibre bodywork over a steel framed chassis the zele was derived from the fiat 500 and fiat 124 and powered by four 12-volt batteries the batteries are easily charged simply by plugging them directly into the main supply the zele has a range of approximately 50 miles when properly charged the zele has sliding units instead of wind down windows to keep costs down and for its a windscreen is a flat plane of angled glass. the door hinges are external and taillights have been sourced from a spare parts catalogue this zele remained with its original owner for 11 years who used the car regularly. after selling the car in 1985 it passed through two private collections before being purchased by the consignor it was subject to a nut-and-bolt restoration and a photo album of the restoration process accompanies the car today AXOR presents three bathroom concepts that are not merely places of function but destinations in themselves — sanctuaries of style Adam Zele followed a roundabout path to a teaching career Zele was named the 2023 Teacher of the Year for Pinellas County Schools 8 at the Mahaffey Theater during the annual Evening of Excellence event sponsored by the Pinellas Education Foundation Ten finalists were selected from the 130 teachers chosen as Teacher of the Year at their respective schools where his class motto is “get started today making a better tomorrow.” He said he loves being a middle school teacher because he is making a difference in the lives of his students by helping them discover a passion for learning and discovery “I want my students to be better people when they leave my classroom,” said Zele better at cooperation and show more perseverance in the face of difficulties I try modeling for them a love of learning by letting them see my love of math and how to not give up when confronted with a difficult problem.”  Zele earned his bachelor’s degree in economics from the University of Pennsylvania He later continued his education at Duke University earning his master’s in divinity and a doctorate in history and religion He said he slowly realized the teaching aspect of every position he held was what he enjoyed most “Math teacher Adam Zele finds innovative ways to enhance the student experience in the classroom His students enjoy learning and he creates engaging and memorable lessons and connections each day,” said Kevin Hendrick Zele’s passion for teaching and dedication to students extends to his families and coworkers We celebrate him and all of our teachers for their hard work and commitment to achieving 100% Students Success.” Other Teacher of the Year finalists include Rebecca Byrne Sandy Lane Elementary (formerly a teacher at Gulfport Elementary); Jaclyn Reyes Finalists were named by a panel of judges based on multiple criteria with the winner selected in a second round of scoring by Monroe Roark Support The Gabber Newspaper Your donations are tax-deductible to the full extent of the law The Florida Community News Fund is a program administered by the Florida Press Foundation All donations made at this link go to The Gabber Newspaper through the Florida Press Association Filed Under: News Watch our LIVE streaming Gulfport Florida Webcams! 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Remember Ben with a gift to Thoroughbred aftercare Subscribe for FREE to the Daily PDF or the News Alerts Home » Archive » Shared News Europe » Fresh Red le Zele One To Beat In February S Red le Zele training in Dubai last March | Coady with just three finishes outside the top three from 19 career starts Red le Zele (Jpn) (Lord Kanaloa {Jpn}) looks to give his outstanding sire a first top-level scorer on the dirt in Sunday's G1 February S Red le Zele ran on to finish fourth behind Cafe Pharoah (American Pharoah) in this event where he was an excellent runner-up beneath Ryan Moore in the G1 Dubai Golden Shaheen in March A close third off a six-month break in the Listed Tokyo Hai at Ohi in early October the 6-year-old exits a comprehensive three-length defeat of Sunrise Nova (Jpn) (Majestic Warrior) in the valuable Listed JBC Sprint at Kanazawa Nov “He is probably better now compared to last year when he finished fourth in this race,” said trainer Takayuki Yasuda “He has developed nicely and I think he can put in another big run.” Cafe Pharoah seems to save his best for the Tokyo 1600 metres After accounting for the venerable Air Spinel (Jpn) (King Kamehameha {Jpn}) by three-parts of a length 12 months ago he failed to land a serious blow in three subsequent appearances including a distant 11th to the G1 Saudi Cup-bound T O Keynes (Jpn) (Sinister Minister) in the G1 Champions Cup over nine furlongs at Chukyo Dec T M South Dam (Jpn) (South Vigorous) is in with a puncher's chance including the Listed Hyogo Gold Trophy at Sonoda in late December followed by a one-length tally in this year's Negishi S Two-time champion Sodashi (Jpn) (Kurofune) last year's G1 Oka Sho (Japanese 1000 Guineas) heroine who defeated Eclipse Award winner Loves Only You (Jpn) (Deep Impact {Jpn}) in the G2 Sapporo Kinen tries the dirt for the second time in her career having disappointed at skinny odds when a well-beaten 12th in the Champions Cup Not a subscriber? 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Copy Article Link Editor / News Stories:editor@thetdn.com Advertising:advertising@thetdn.com Customer Service:customerservice@thetdn.com Click Here to sign up for a free subscription News | Mar 25 ASPEN ” Aspenites headed for their morning caffeine fix Tuesday morning found an unwelcome sign on the door at Zele Cafe The popular coffee shop will close its doors next month The coffee shop and restaurant has been a gathering spot for some 15 years at the corner of Hopkins and Galena coincides with closing day of the ski season on Aspen Mountain and at Snowmass Boulder-based Black Diamond Financial Group has decided to shutter the business because the lease for Zele’s space is up for renewal “I know they don’t want to extend the lease with things being so uncertain,” she said Though the coffeehouse continues to pull in customers ” it serves both breakfast and lunch ” its numbers have been down since the national economy tanked last fall “We’ve felt it,” she said expressed surprise and dismay over the pending closure This is a wonderful place,” Heidi Burtscher of Old Snowmass said Tuesday as she sat down for lunch “This is going to be kind of a big loss to the community Several patrons noted that the shop’s affable staff and laid-back atmosphere make it a good place for lunch meetings or to wile away an hour or two with a book and cup of coffee unfortunately,” said Priscilla Averbuck a part-time Aspen resident seated at Zele Tuesday “It’s what’s going on all over.” “I’m really sad they’re closing,” added patron Kathy Gibson of Brush Creek “You can see everyone you know in here.” a relative newcomer to Aspen who took over as manager at Zele last November She has made all her friends since arriving in town through her work at the coffeehouse who handles the register in the morning and not only knows regulars by name but knows what they’re likely to order will be looking for a new gig to go with her other job at a local lodge Aspen has other coffee shops and breakfast places to which Zele patrons can turn but the market for job seekers isn’t an easy one janet@aspentimes.com Readers around Aspen and Snowmass Village make the Aspen Times’ work possible Your financial contribution supports our efforts to deliver quality your support is critical to help us keep our community informed about the evolving coronavirus pandemic and the impact it is having locally Each donation will be used exclusively for the development and creation of increased news coverage are you considering any property transactions this spring View Results 2023Adam Zele’s principal at Azalea Middle School called the eighth-year math teacher the definition of inspiration for educators often the last car in the parking lot when I leave at 8 p.m. memorable lessons,” principal Susan Alvaro wrote in recommending Zele to be Pinellas County’s Teacher of the Year “Adam Zele pours himself into the learning of his students and it shows.” The Pinellas Education Foundation recognized his excellence Wednesday evening naming Zele the winner of the annual teaching award during a celebration at the Mahaffey Theater in St He now is eligible to compete for the statewide honor Azalea Middle School math teacher Adam Zele as he is crowned the 2022-23 Pinellas County Schools Teacher of the Year [ ANGELICA EDWARDS | Times ]On Thursday morning he received the traditional limousine ride to the St where students and colleagues cheered his arrival Zele said he was shocked to receive the honor “especially because I know there are so many other incredible teachers in this room.” He invited some of his students to the stage to share the recognition saying “They’re the reason I’m a good teacher.” Zele said in his application that being a classroom educator gives him the opportunity to mentor CONGRATULATIONS! Adam Zele, Ph.D., a math teacher at Azalea Middle, is our 2023 Pinellas County Schools Teacher of the Year! Dr. Zele connects with his students in meaningful ways to be more than just their teacher; he acts as a mentor. pic.twitter.com/cXB7Vk76rb “I love being a middle school teacher at Azalea where every day I am making a difference for good in the lives of my students by helping them discover a passion for learning and discovery,” wrote Zele who arrived at teaching after trying other professions The district featured Zele three months ago on its website as an inspiring teacher who has the “IT Factor.” In that 90-second video Zele said he discovered he enjoys working with the students in an atmosphere that’s different every day “I love when a student suddenly discovers something new or something in math that hasn’t made sense suddenly makes sense And you just see that sense of excitement when they get it,” he said “I hope on a basic level I’m showing that math can be fun.” he hopes that he is teaching his students life skills and how to make good decisions That means building strong relationships with the students He called that effort the biggest privilege he’s had in life Zele sponsors students for the Take Stock in Children program He invites new Azalea Middle teachers to lunch before they begin working so that they can have a familiar face on campus He’s also the school math department chairperson “Adam Zele is a once-in-a-lifetime educator who puts forth boundless effort to ensure that he is meeting the needs of students families and school community members,” principal Alvaro wrote “He has truly been an inspirational teacher that I have had the pleasure of working with.” She called him a “math nerd” who shows students not only that math is fun but also that he cares about them and realizes they are people before they are students “He has transformed my life as more than a teacher,” said Mara Zele has a bachelor’s degree in economics from the University of Pennsylvania Wharton School and a master’s degree in divinity and doctorate in history and religion from Duke University The nine other finalists for the award were: Every Thursday, get the latest updates on what’s happening in Tampa Bay area schools from Times education reporter Jeffrey S. Solochek. Click here to sign up. Jeffrey S. SolochekEducation Reporter CONGRATULATIONS! Adam Zele, Ph.D., a math teacher at Azalea Middle, is our 2023 Pinellas County Schools Teacher of the Year! Dr. Zele connects with his students in meaningful ways to be more than just their teacher; he acts as a mentor. pic.twitter.com/cXB7Vk76rb This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. The action you just performed triggered the security solution. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data. You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked. Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. Volume 5 - 2014 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01594 This article is part of the Research TopicColor Vision Sensation and PerceptionView all 11 articles Evidence has accumulated that rod activation under mesopic and scotopic light levels alters visual perception and performance Here we review the most recent developments in the measurement of rod and cone contributions to mesopic color perception and temporal processing with a focus on data measured using a four-primary photostimulator method that independently controls rod and cone excitations We discuss the findings in the context of rod inputs to the three primary retinogeniculate pathways to understand rod contributions to mesopic vision we present evidence that hue perception is possible under scotopic pure rod-mediated conditions that involves cortical mechanisms This paper reviews current progress in understanding rod contributions to chromatic and temporal aspects of vision Determining the physiological substrates and mechanisms of rod–cone interaction and how these give rise to the altered perceptual experience under mesopic illumination are largely unresolved problems in visual neuroscience and timing of the interaction are limited by methodological approaches that inadvertently alter the relative excitation of rods and three cone classes in an undesirable manner with variation in the stimulus parameters A central challenge in the study of mesopic vision is therefore to develop methodologies to measure rod and cone signal contributions separately and during rod–cone interaction because rod activity is optimized for low illumination and cones for high illumination mesopic rod–cone interactions reflect signal processing at the extremes of the photoreceptor operating ranges the aim is to develop a method that controls for the distinct functional response properties of the rod and cone systems in addition to differences in their retinal distributions factors that underlie the challenges and complexities encountered in the study of mesopic visual function the number of primary lights must be no less than the number of active photoreceptors Considering silent substitution in color matching provides an example of independent control of rod and cones experimentally the chromaticity of an equal-energy spectrum light can be metamerically matched using a combination of three primary lights of different wavelengths (e.g. The same chromaticity can also be matched using a different set of primary lights (e.g. When a metameric match is determined for each of the sets of primaries and S-cone excitations will be equal for both matches the two stimuli differ in only one primary (either 516 or 558 nm) while the other two primaries (460 and 660 nm) are the same in both stimuli Since rods are more sensitive to 516 nm light than 558 nm light switching these two sets of metameric primaries over time produces rod modulation while maintaining constant cone excitations A similar approach can be applied to isolate L- The four-primary photostimulating method offers several advantages in the study of mesopic vision it can modulate one photoreceptor class while keeping the excitations of the other three photoreceptors constant thereby allowing analysis of the contribution of only one photoreceptor to visual perception the four-primary colorimeter can maintain the same mean cone chromaticity and luminance level since the four-primary method can modulate L- the independent control of postreceptoral signals defined in MacLeod and Boynton cone chromaticity space as L/(L+M) and S/(L+M) which is not the case with other methodologies The sharing of neural pathways allows for rod and cone signal interactions in visual system processing and provides the neural basis for rod contribution to color vision the visual system has potentially a transitional stage from the rod bipolar pathway to the rod–cone gap junction pathway The transitional range during which both retinal rod pathways are potentially functioning is thought to occur at high scotopic and low mesopic light levels Rod signals input to all three primary retinogeniculate pathways Only rod inputs to the MC pathway are shown in this schematic The red zig–zags indicate electrical synapses Retinal layers are indicated on the left: OS FIGURE 4. The cone contrasts that perceptually match a rod signal are linear as a function of rod contrast. The data were measured at 2, 10, and 100 Td (observer IS). The dashed lines are fits based on a physiologically plausible model. Adapted from Cao et al. (2008a) To understand rod color vision in complex viewing environments, Elliott and Cao (2013) investigated perceived hue in natural scene images under scotopic light levels They showed that when a test patch had low variation in the luminance distribution and was a decrement in luminance compared to the surrounding area reddish or orangish percepts were more likely to be reported compared to all other percepts when a test patch had high variation and was an increment in luminance but singular daylight hue association for the test patch color percepts were reported more often and hues appeared more saturated compared to patches with no daylight hue association This suggests that some cortical mechanisms which integrate experience in daylight conditions with the bottom–up rod signal processing under scotopic illumination FIGURE 6. Post-receptoral rod signaling weights in the MC, PC, and KC pathways depend on the temporal properties of the rod signal. Data were measured using a perceptual matching paradigm at 5 photopic Td (two observers; darker and lighter columns). Adapted from Zele et al. (2013) Rod–cone coupling may be important for these processes changes in relative rod and cone sensitivity that occur with changes in the viewing conditions so that its applicable in the broadest range of lighting environments Combinations of these techniques will be critical for determining the physiological substrates in addition to answering questions about the mechanisms of rod–cone interaction including how the relative rod and cone weights change in the post-receptoral pathways and their affects on visual function and performance The use of an inappropriate spectral luminous efficiency function in the mesopic region has energy efficiency and economic consequences Future developments in this area will include practical lighting standards for mesopic illuminations that are energy efficient and optimize visual performance Advances in the study of mesopic vision should provide needed information for solutions to many industrial application problems mesopic luminous efficiency function will be one of the most challenging problems encountered in this area of research In general, decision processing in perceptual detection or action tasks is cortically mediated and, therefore, the photoreceptor source of information in these tasks should not be a salient factor at the level of the cortex. In mesopic decision processing, rod and cone signals should be considered as largely interchangeable in terms of postreceptoral visual processing and decision processing for final perception (Cao and Pokorny, 2010) if a retinal disease preferentially affects a particular photoreceptor class thereby affecting rod and cone contributions to the retinogeniculate pathways and rod and cone interactions the study of changes in rod and cone contributions and interactions in neural pathways in diseases may be helpful in understanding the mechanisms of visual loss Expanding the study of retinal diseases by examining visual perception under mesopic conditions may prove to be illuminating The Authors made equal intellectual contributions to the paper and are accountable for all intellectual aspects of the work The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest Supported by the 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Low threshold rods and the perception of blue Google Scholar The temporal response of ganglion cells of the macaque retina to cone-specific modulation Threshold units: a correct metric for reaction time Rod-cone interactions and the temporal impulse response of the cone pathway Mesopic rod and S-cone interactions revealed by modulation thresholds Rod and cone pathway signaling and interaction under mesopic illumination Effect of rod-cone interactions on mesopic visual performance mediated by chromatic and luminance pathways Spatial and temporal chromatic contrast: effects on chromatic discrimination for stimuli varying in L- and M-cone excitation Defining the detection mechanisms for symmetric and rectified flicker stimuli Citation: Zele AJ and Cao D (2015) Vision under mesopic and scotopic illumination. Front. Psychol. 5:1594. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01594 Copyright © 2015 Zele and Cao. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited in accordance with accepted academic practice distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher. 94% of researchers rate our articles as excellent or goodLearn more about the work of our research integrity team to safeguard the quality of each article we publish. The element requested is either not valid or does not exist. Background: Retinal photoreceptors provide the main stage in the mammalian eye for regulating the retinal illumination through changes in pupil diameter, with a small population of melanopsin-expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) forming the primary afferent pathway for this response. The purpose of this study is to determine how melanopsin interacts with the three cone photoreceptor classes in the human eye to modulate the light-adapted pupil response. Methods: We investigated the independent and combined contributions of the inner and outer retinal photoreceptor inputs to the afferent pupil pathway in participants with trichromatic color vision using a method to independently control the excitations of ipRGCs, cones and rods in the retina. Conclusions: The visual system uses the L–, M–, and S–cone photoreceptor inputs to the afferent pupil pathway to accomplish the tonic modulations of pupil size to changes in image contrast. The inner retinal melanopsin-expressing ipRGCs mediate the longer-term, sustained pupil constriction to set the light-adapted pupil diameter during extended light exposures. Volume 10 - 2019 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2019.00529 This article is part of the Research TopicThe Pupil: Behavior, Anatomy, Physiology and Clinical BiomarkersView all 25 articles Background: Retinal photoreceptors provide the main stage in the mammalian eye for regulating the retinal illumination through changes in pupil diameter with a small population of melanopsin-expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) forming the primary afferent pathway for this response The purpose of this study is to determine how melanopsin interacts with the three cone photoreceptor classes in the human eye to modulate the light-adapted pupil response Methods: We investigated the independent and combined contributions of the inner and outer retinal photoreceptor inputs to the afferent pupil pathway in participants with trichromatic color vision using a method to independently control the excitations of ipRGCs Results: We show that melanopsin-directed stimuli cause a transient pupil constriction generated by cones in the shadow of retinal blood vessels; desensitizing these penumbral cone signals uncovers a signature melanopsin pupil response that includes a longer latency (292 ms) and slower time (4.1x) and velocity (7.7x) to constriction than for cone-directed stimuli and which remains sustained post-stimulus offset Compared to melanopsin-mediated pupil responses the cone photoreceptor-initiated pupil responses are more transient with faster constriction latencies higher velocities and a secondary constriction at light offset The combined pupil responses reveal that melanopsin signals are additive with the cone signals Conclusions: The visual system uses the L– and S–cone photoreceptor inputs to the afferent pupil pathway to accomplish the tonic modulations of pupil size to changes in image contrast The inner retinal melanopsin-expressing ipRGCs mediate the longer-term sustained pupil constriction to set the light-adapted pupil diameter during extended light exposures cannot be used to independently control the level of activation and interaction between the different photoreceptor inputs to the PLR and so alternate methods are required The outcomes of this study reveal the separate and combined contributions of melanopsin and cones to light-adapted photopic pupil responses in humans with trichromatic color vision All experimental protocols were approved by the Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Human Research Ethics Committee (approval no: 1700000510) and conducted in accordance with their guidelines Test protocols were completed in compliance with the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki and all participants provided informed and written consent after the nature and possible consequences of the experiments were explained Four healthy participants with trichromatic color vision (2 females 23–41 years; one observer was an Author) and no systemic disease took part in this study in accordance with the human research ethics approval All observers underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic examination color vision (D-15 and Rayleigh color match) contrast sensitivity (Pelli-Robson) and intra-ocular pressure to exclude any retinal or optic nerve disease a 6% Weber contrast +L–M stimulus increases the L–cone excitation by 6% contrast relative to the photoreceptor excitation at the adapting background level and decreases the M–cone excitation by −6% contrast; the result of this +L–M photoreceptor excitation is a chromaticity change (i.e. a magenta appearing light modulation) without altering the mean retinal illumination or the intrinsic melanopsin-ipRGC rod and S–cone photoreceptor excitations relative to the adapting background level the observer minimized the appearance of flicker by controlling the radiance of the test primary using a method of adjustment For each test-reference wavelength combination the final setting was the average of 15 repeats; the theoretical 10° standard observer data was then scaled by the observer's average HFP settings The consensual pupil responses were measured using 5,000 and 1,000 ms incremental pulses of five photoreceptor excitation combinations: [1] melanopsin-directed stimuli (17% Weber contrast) with no change in the excitation of the rods and three cone types [2] L– and M–cones modulated in-phase to produce a cone luminance increment (+L+M; 10% Weber contrast) with no change in the excitation of S–cones [3] S–cone increments (+S; 10% Weber contrast) with no change in the excitation of melanopsin [4] a counterphase equiluminant L– and M–cone modulation (+L–M; 6% Weber contrast) with no change in L+M cone luminance or the excitation of S–cones and [5] the additive mixture of melanopsin (17% Weber contrast) with each of the photoreceptor combinations specified in [2–4] The inter-stimulus interval included temporal white noise that randomly modulated the S–cone, M–cone, L–cone, and rod photoreceptor excitations (40% Michelson contrast) (44, 45) without changing the melanopsin photoreceptor excitation (10) The purpose of the temporal white noise is to limit the effect of any non-melanopsin photoreceptor absorptions on the melanopsin-directed pupil responses by desensitizing penumbral cones in the shadow of the retinal vasculature; for the 17% Weber contrast melanopsin-directed pulse on the 2000 Td adaptation field respectively and the rod contrast was 0.2% The physically measured open-field cone contrast which is the difference between the theoretical and measured irradiances of the five primary lights for the S M L R i photoreceptor excitations for the melanopsin-directed stimulus The rod contrast in all cone isolating conditions was ≤ 0.3% post-illumination pupil response (1.8 s PIPR) The pupil traces represent the global average of all repeats from all observers (~100 trials per observer per condition); the ±95% confidence limits were estimated from all stimulus trials for all observers for the respective stimulus conditions (A) Temporal white noise is presented for 5,000 ms then repeated; pupil diameter is steady during continuous presentation of the temporal white noise (B) A 1,000 ms blank equal to the time average chromaticity and retinal illuminance of the orange field (no pulse only field) is inserted within the temporal white noise; this blank field does not cause a pupil constriction Panels show the average ±95% confidence limits for each of three observers (traces vertically offset; ~100 trials per observer) Pupil responses are normalized to the diameter at 2 s (vertical line) during each 5,000 ms repeat Light-adapted pupil responses measured under photoreceptor isolating conditions and with combined cone- and melanopsin-directed stimuli (A) Melanopsin-directed pupil responses (17% Weber contrast in all measurements) measured with temporal white noise (without penumbral cones; green lines) and without temporal white noise (with penumbral cones; cyan lines) (B) +L+M cone luminance directed pupil responses (10% Weber contrast; grey lines) and the combined+ L+M cones and melanopsin responses (orange lines) (C) S-cone directed pupil responses (10% Weber contrast; blue lines) and the combined S-cone and melanopsin responses (orange lines) (D) +L–M directed pupil responses (6% Weber contrast; red lines) and the combined +L–M and melanopsin responses (orange lines) In all panels the data show the average ±95% confidence limits of 4 observers (~100 trials per observer) Dotted vertical lines indicate the onset and offset of the incremental pulses Left column shows the PLR with 5,000 ms incremental pulses; right column shows the PLR with 1,000 ms incremental pulses The average light-adapted baseline pupil diameter for all observers across all conditions was 4.43 mm ± 0.21 (mean ± SEM) The pupil light reflex (PLR) metrics (mean ± SEM) with 5,000 ms pulses and 1,000 ms pulses for different photoreceptor isolating conditions the faster temporal response of cones mediates the transient pupil constrictions to stimulus onset and the slower melanopsin signal maintains the pupil constriction during continuous light stimulation and after stimulus offset with a larger amplitude sustained constriction during the longer (5,000 ms) stimulus exposure these interactions reveal melanopsin- and cone-directed pupil responses at photopic illuminations under light-adapted conditions that provide no change in rod photoreceptor contrast the melanopsin contribution appears to be additive to the cone-directed inputs with similar patterns for both the longer (5,000 ms) and shorter (1,000 ms) duration pulses Figure 3. Photoreceptor-directed and combined pupil light responses (PLR). (A) Photoreceptor-directed PLR. (B) Combined melanopsin- and cone-directed PLR. (C) Melanopsin contributions to the combined PLR [difference between the data in (A,B)]. The PLR traces are an overlay of the average pupil responses from Figure 2 (n = 4 observers) on the same timescale for the 5,000 ms stimulus pulse (left panels) and 1,000 ms stimulus pulse (right panels) Stimulus contrasts are specified within the panels cone-mediated pupil responses to changes in image contrast are transient with a rapid redilation to the light-adapted baseline pupil diameter indicates that temporal adaptation differentially alters the strength of afterimage (consistent with the observer reports) and therefore the amplitude of the second constriction Such similarities serve to highlight the precision of the silent-substitution methodology for isolating melanopsin-mediated photoreceptor responses For the tonic pupil constriction to narrowband, aperiodic pulsed stimuli, the primary view is that the most sensitive outer or inner retinal process will mediate the constriction (i.e., winner take all) (25); stimulus irradiances that are suprathreshold for a melanopsin photoresponse increase channel membrane openings and decrease input impedance to shunt outer retinal signals extrinsically to ipRGCs (25) This study shows that when illumination conditions drive both the tonic pupil constrictions are always dominated by cones because of the slower constriction velocity of melanopsin melanopsin combines with cones to maintain constriction then after stimulus offset the light-adapted pupil diameter is controlled by melanopsin All Authors participated in the analysis and interpretation of the experiments All Authors critically revised and approved the final manuscript version Supported by the Australian Research Council Discovery Projects ARC-DP170100274 (AZ and DC) and Australian Research Council Future Fellowship ARC-FT180100458 (AZ) Melanopsin-expressing ganglion cells in primate retina signal colour and irradiance and project to the LGN Human and macaque pupil responses driven by melanopsin-containing retinal ganglion cells Central projections of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells in the macaque monkey Rhodopsin and melanopsin contributions to the early redilation phase of the post-illumination pupil response (PIPR) A five-primary photostimulator suitable for studying intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell functions in humans Melanopsin and rod-cone photoreceptors play different roles in mediating pupillary light responses during exposure to continuous light in humans Opponent melanopsin and S-cone signals in the human pupillary light response The circadian response of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells Melanopsin photoreception contributes to human visual detection PubMed Abstract | Google Scholar Non-linearities in the rod and cone photoreceptor inputs to the afferent pupil light response Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells Melanopsin and rod-cone photoreceptive systems account for all major accessory visual functions in mice Characterization of an ocular 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are mediated by the magno-cellular pathway Bright illusions reduce the eye's pupil Additive contributions of melanopsin and both cone types provide broadband sensitivity to mouse pupil control intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells Cao D and Feigl B (2019) Melanopsin and Cone Photoreceptor Inputs to the Afferent Pupil Light Response Received: 13 December 2018; Accepted: 03 May 2019; Published: 22 May 2019 Copyright © 2019 Zele, Adhikari, Cao and Feigl. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited *Correspondence: Andrew J. Zele, YW5kcmV3LnplbGVAcXV0LmVkdS5hdQ== Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher 94% of researchers rate our articles as excellent or goodLearn more about the work of our research integrity team to safeguard the quality of each article we publish Japan's Hottest New Tuner Has A Thing For Fast Nissans. First The GT-R, Now This 370Z. Hot? Oh Yes. Dino Dalle CarbonareWriterSean KlingelhoeferPhotographerMay 01, 2009 Performance-wise the Zele 370Z runs a specially-tuned FZ Rom, which is currently under final development. This will offer a more responsive feel from the engine as well as marginal power and torque gains when mated to the Zele titanium exhaust system. Zele has also teamed up with engine specialists Tomei, who are currently developing high-performance headers to not only boost power but also sound. These join a long list of additional tuning parts coming in 2009. The 370Z's modern interior has been joined by a pair of Recaro TS-G bucket seats, upholstered in Alcantara, giving a supreme tactile delight for those lucky enough to squeeze into them! A Zele titanium shift knob completes the interior modifications, a piece created from a billet chunk of titanium, which explains the $355 price tag. For those looking for the ultimate complete performance package, Zele will be offering this 370Z as you see it here. Prices will be announced later in the year once the final spec is determined. Like with the Complete Edition GT-R, if you ship your 370Z to Yokohama Japan, Zele will take care of the conversion. Parts will also be sold separately. Under The Hood 3.7L VQ37DE; Zele Type2 titanium muffler, dry carbon-fiber radiator shroudBrains Zele FZ-ROM Type1 Stiff Stuff Zele Aragosta suspension kit, titanium strut tower brace Rollers RAYS Engineering/Volk Racing TE37 G2 9.5Jx20" (front), 10Jx20" (rear); Bridgestone Potenza RE050A 275/30/20 (front), 285/30/20 (rear) Stoppers Zele/Brembo Racing 6-pot front calipers with 380mm 2-piece rotors/4-pot rear calipers with 345mm 2-piece rotors Outside Zele front aero bumper, carbon-fiber front lip spoiler, side skirt set, rear bumper, carbon-fiber rear spoiler, carbon-fiber pillar cover set, carbon-fiber side mirror covers, Zele signature orange paint Inside Recaro bucket seats TS-G with Alcantara fabric; Zele titanium shift knob WWW bridgestone.com; mackinindustries.com (Volk Racing); recaro.com; zeleperformance.com Subscribe to our newsletters to get the latest in car news and have editor curated stories sent directly to your inbox In the world of coachbuilders there are few names that evoke more passion than Zagato the list of iconic road and race cars built by the Italian carrozzeria is extensive but it rarely includes the car you see here – the unusual Zagato Zele Though the looks of the Zele often inspire jokes, the car was actually decades ahead of its time Consider for a moment the startling similarity between the Zele and the Smart Car which wouldn’t appear until decades later in 1998 It’s worth also noting that the Zele is 100% electric and we didn’t see a 100% electric Smart Car until 2008 Though the existence of the Zagato Zele is often linked to the 1973 Oil Crisis that drove gasoline prices up significantly around the world and publicly shown a year before the crisis Zagato first displayed the Zele at the 1972 Geneva Motor Show where it was surrounded by many of the most beautiful cars of its era, and some of the most beautiful of all time. There’s little doubt that the humble Zele raised some eyebrows due to its looks but less than 12 months later it would prove to have been the most sensible option at the whole show The design team at Zagato had been tasked with creating the Zele from a blank slate it needed to be created as cheaply as possible It was decided early on to use a lightweight fiberglass body over a simple steel frame the running gear was sourced from the Fiat 500 and 124 and the interior was so spartan it qualifies as minimalist and a steering wheel emblazoned with the legendary Zagato “Z” In order to keep costs down there are no wind down windows, just sliding units that’ll be familiar to vintage Land Rover owners The windscreen is a flat pane of angled glass and taillights are all sourced from a spare parts catalogue Electrical power is provided by four 12 volt car batteries producing 24 volts in total these are connected to a 1000 watt Marelli direct drive electric motor The top speed is claimed to be between 25 mph and 30 mph though this may not seem like far it’s considerably less than the average daily commute and the Zele can be recharged by plugging in the rear-mounted cable directly into the mains Despite its looks the Zele is relatively stable as the majority of its weight is in the frame and batteries – mounted down in the floor Over the course of its relatively short production run the Zele each referring to the wattage of the electric motor The Zele you see here is one of the approximately 500 originals built between 1974 and 1976 and funnily enough it’s likely to be far better received by the general public now than it was back in the mid-1970s This car remained with its first owner who used it regularly for 11 years before being sold on it spent years as part of two two private collections before it underwent a nut-and-bolt restoration in 2011 It’s due to be offered for sale by RM Sotheby’s on the 5th of September with an estimated hammer price of between £5,000 and £10,000 ($6,460 to $12,900 USD). If you’d like to read more about it or register to bid you can click here to read more Images: Dirk de Jager ©2018 Courtesy of RM Sotheby’s Articles that Ben has written have been covered on CNN in the years since the site has grown to become a world leader in the alternative and vintage motoring sector with well over a million monthly readers from around the world and many hundreds of thousands of followers on social media This is an original Muskin Dune Cat go kart from the 1970s it was styled after the popular Meyers Manx dune buggy that had… Read More This is a 1975 Mercedes-Benz LPK 608 that has been professionally converted into a well-appointed stealth camper Read More This is possibly a once-in-a-lifetime find for anyone seeking a low-mile 80s-era Toyota Supra that has remained in one family ownership from new… Read More it’s a hot rod that was built in the mid-1950s by 19-year-old Bill Breece Read More This is a 1969 Ford Mustang Fastback that has been given a comprehensive rebuild into what is now likely one of the fastest (and… Read More specifically it’s an HG Monaro GTS from the first generation of the Australian sports car’s production Read More The traditional “Silodrome” was a carnival sideshow attraction also called the “Wall of Death." You may have seen them at county fairs – the vertical velodromes were originally built from old grain silos Silodrome was founded in 2010 as a website dedicated to Gasoline Culture and all it entails - We write about modern cars, classic cars, motorcycles, racing, gear, gadgets, clothing, boats, planes, airships and the occasional submarine.Read more... comments need to be approved before they are published Police called after 16th-century painting disappears days before expert due to visit It is a storyline worthy of a Hercule Poirot whodunnit After confiding in just 20 trusted people of his suspicion that a painting in his church was a lost masterpiece a priest in the small Flemish town of Zele has had to call in the local police over its sudden disappearance turned to the detectives after two women laying flowers in the nave of the Sint-Ludgerus church last Friday morning discovered that the 16th-century painting had gone missing from its usual position by the altar The work, depicting Mary, Joseph and a sleeping baby Jesus, was due to be assessed within days by a respected Michelangelo expert after Van Raemdonck alerted her to its startling similarity to a drawing by the Renaissance master in the collection of the Duke of Portland who has been a pastor at the church for five years donated to the church 16 years ago by a former Belgian senator but the police are yet to offer any updates View image in fullscreenThe 16th-century painting Photograph: Jan Van Raemdonck“A lady living nearby saw a young man near the church around 5am on Thursday morning but he went away when she put her light on,” said Van Raemdonck two ladies who were putting flowers on the altar noticed the external door was open and the painting was missing “I didn’t talk about my suspicion about the painting in the church,” he added “I wanted to wait for the experts and if they said it was a Michelangelo I would have improved the security of the building Van Raemdonck said he had emailed a number of museums as part of his research into the painting “Maybe someone picked up the information from my emails,” he said “I hope the police can check cameras in the area and find out what happened.” The church believes it was a targeted burglary involving more than one thief “They were only interested in that one painting,” Johan Anthuenis “They have not even looked at all other valuable items.” Michelangelo was a prodigious producer of sculpture and there have been a series of discoveries of lost works in recent years albeit there are often years of tortuous attempts at verification knocked off a wall by a stray tennis ball 27 years previously It was subsequently valued at £190m by Antonio Forcellino the expert commissioned by pastor Van Raemdonck said a link between the theft and the pastor’s theory about the painting was plausible an amateur writer of history and children’s books who was working on a fictional novel about the painting before it disappeared said: “It is a beautiful painting – I just hope we can get it back.” Our fact checking systematically raises standards in public debate and changes the behaviour of powerful actors We’re campaigning to tackle bad information online protect our elections and improve the quality of information in public debate Our policy work aims to improve the information environment in order to protect and encourage good public debate Our technology and training work is designed to help everyone work faster and smarter We’re a team of independent fact checkers and campaigners who find Volodymyr Zelenskyy translates into “evil rules the world” though taking groups of letters from within the name A post on Facebook, which has also been shared on Twitter claims that the name of Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy translates to “evil rules the world” when using Google Translate Typing the Ukrainian president’s full name into Google Translate with a setting of Ukrainian to English merely results in a change in the spelling of the surname from Zelenskyy to Zelenskyi splitting the name into shorter groups of letters some of which have a direct translation into English Changing the order of these words results in different phrases being generated Google Translate translates “zele” as “bad” The posts show a screenshot of a Google Translate page with “zele nksy volod myr” in the Ukrainian section and “evil rules the world” in the English section We were not able to recreate this. Entering “zele nsky volod” into Google Translate returned “evil lord” but adding “myr” to the end of the word returned “zele nski volod imyr” rather than “evil rules the world” Another post features a YouTube video in which the letters and spacing of President Zelenskyy’s name are moved around The translation from Google reads “the evil master of the mind” You can help us take action – and get our regular free email This is, clearly, a bit silly. Beyond the fact that, you can probably cut up anyone’s name to sound a bit sinister in another language (“Liz Truss” becomes “I trembled” while “Joe Biden” becomes “where is the poor” it ignores the fact that most names do have actual meanings Volodymyr, and its Russian equivalent Vladimir, does mean “ruler”, though there’s some ambiguity as to whether it means “world ruler” Zelenskyy meanwhile, according to Ancestry, means ‘from Zelenki’ or ‘from Zelenka’, places in Ukraine whose names, in turn, derive from the word for “green” only sound particularly nefarious if you cut the word “zele” out of “Zelenskyy” But that’s not even an accurate translation. “Zele”, or in Cyrillic script, “зеле”, isn’t a word in Ukrainian. It is a word in Bulgarian which means cabbage (though obviously “cabbage rules the world” doesn't have the same ring to it) When you type “zele” into Google Translate it offers to translate the closest word in Ukrainian But the leader of Ukraine isn’t called Volodymyr Zlenskyy This isn’t the first time we’ve written about false claims based on dodgy use of Google Translate. For example, we investigated claims last year that a market research firm’s name indicated it was trying to kill the public with Covid-19 tests Instead of just mashing everything together in a series of posts I'm going to divide my TAS coverage up into separate stories that cover the various styles or types of cars since the new Z34 was one of the most anticipated cars at this year's show The new Z has only been on sale for around month in Japan but the aftermarket has already jumped all over it and there were a number on display at Auto Salon The Z33 has been one of Japan's most popular platforms over the past several years and it looks like the Z34 will be continuing the tradition I can say that I have officially "accepted" the headlight and taillight treatment on the Z34 but it no longer stands out to me like it did when the first photos of the car surfaced One of the most popular (and one of my personal favorite) Z34's at TAS was the Zele International complete model Painted in the same orange color as Zele's R35 GT-R this Z will also be sold in limited numbers as a complete A bit simpler was this white Z34 in the Revspeed Magazine booth equipped with "original style" Volk TE37's You can bet this car will be tuned for some serious circuit action The Z34 may have been the big story at this year's show Voltex has shown how great the "old" Z33 can look with the release of its new aero kit This car wasn't on display at Auto Salon itself but next door at the special Kyoho exhibition on Friday On display in the Fujitsubo booth was this Z34 equipped with Advan T6's The Advan T6 wheels were an interesting choice for the car being an older design Branew's Z34 demo car is rolling on 22's and it doesn't even look that strange The car is also equipped with Branew's complete Z34 aero kit that just debuted Another shot for those feeling nostalgic for the ole' Z33 This car was on display in the Shadow booth alongside their R35 GT-R This car competes in the popular Z-Master race series Also quick to jump into the Z34 tuning fray is Sunline Racing from Okayama Their Z34 is already sporting an original aero kit (which looks quite good IMO) Impul has always been a "second Nismo" of sorts working closely with Nissan and offering tuning parts for all of their models This Cockpit-tuned Z33 was on display in the Bridgestone booth If you saw it from one side it looked like this… …and if you saw it from the other side it looked like this Completely different wheels and graphics on side This is actually a pretty good idea for demo car and I wonder how it'd be on a street car So what do you guys think of the new Z tuning so far I was pretty impressed with what I saw at Auto Salon way better than the first pictures we saw of tuned GTRs I would like to see more pics of the sunline z34 those japanese are crazy with tuning only being out not long and a heap of after market stuff already the future looks good for the new zed i think as I begin to ignore the headlights on the z34 the more I really do notice the suble differences between the two I especially liked the Sunline and ZELE versions I asked for a 370z post and i got it:)I just love the ZELE whoa!the lines on the z34 are SERIOUSLY sexy!!it made the z33 looks kinda conservative and dull,how cool is that?!i'm lovin' it Sunline and ZELE for me too Thanks for this coverage Doesn't seem to be a lot of full bumper kits out yet I wonder how extreme Top Secret will take it when they finally make a full blown demo car out of it but that Zele Z34 has definitely warmed me to them man the z34 looks so much better without those stupid fangs on the frontthank you zele for getting rid of them I like Ray's car (plain white side) the best Front bumper changes the overall curve of the car and now fang-less the more i feel the extra aero are taking away (or going against) the stock 370z lines A simple front lip + nice stance is perfect in my eyes.And yea i wanna see more of Sunline z34 as well I can't wait to see an oldschool style z34 with exposed rivets on fender flares I saw a black Z34 at the Nissan dealership across the road from Bee*R last week on my way to the dentist I love the new Z & think that the Zele treatment of the rear end (as it were) is more appropriate than any of the larger spoilers and suits the lines well to Marlow: yea i have to agree on the catfish grill but they are actually more subtle in real life It looks like The Z34 has a much higher standard offset than he Z33 need to learn the difference between plurals and possessives Must...see...more...Sunline and Zele 370Z!!!Thanks for the great coverage just makes me want to get the new Z34 (370z) soooo much more! can't wait to get behind one and take it home Speedhunters is an international collective of photographers writers and drivers with a shared passion for uncovering the world's most exciting car culture stories the Italian coachbuilder located northwest of Milan and known mostly for its attractive GT and sports cars the company’s traditional market of handmade beauties was being eaten away by more affordable rivals from mainstream manufacturers like Ford and Opel That forced Zagato to look into a completely different segment and reveal the Zele electric microcar at the 1972 Geneva Motor Show An unusual departure from the studio’s famous creations the Zele had a fiberglass body riding on a chassis derived from the Fiat 500 and Fiat 124 with the number standing for the wattage of the electric motors It was also sold in the United States under the Elcar moniker and a total of about 500 were produced One of these rare vehicles is going on sale at RM Sotheby’s The Weird & Wonderful Collection auction in London tomorrow It’s a Zele 1000 model and is powered by four 12-volt batteries provide a maximum range of approximately 50 miles (80 kilometers) The recharging process requires a simple plug into the main supply via a transformer this car was used regularly by its original owner and was sold to a private collector in 1985 paid for a full nut-to-bolt restoration of the EV and a photo album of the restoration process accompanies the car today the car was available in a total of seven colors This particular car is finished in yellow and is expected to fetch somewhere between £5,000 - £10,000 or $6,430 – $12,860 at the current exchange rates Source: RM Sotheby's Only Five of These Mustang Concepts Exist. This One's for Sale Nissan Could Turn The Frontier Plug-In Hybrid Into an SUV Buy This Very Miami Porsche, Support a Good Charity China Promises a Supercar 'Better' Than a Ferrari SF90 Lewis Hamilton Helped Develop This McLaren. Now, You Can Own His Personal Example Scout Will Use a Naturally Aspirated VW Engine Made in Mexico ABC News News HomePetra Zele could have lived if diagnosed sooner coronial inquest hearsShare Petra Zele could have lived if diagnosed sooner coronial inquest hearsCBy Courtney Bembridge Petra Zele died from complications from a blood clot after being sent home from Fremantle Hospital. (Supplied: Zele family) Link copiedShareShare articleA Perth woman who died from complications arising from a blood clot in her lungs might have lived had she been diagnosed sooner, a cardiologist has told a coronial inquest. Petra Zele, 28, died in 2010, three weeks after she went to the emergency department at Fremantle Hospital with chest pains, the inquest heard. Zele was told by Dr Susan Hinsley that the pain was from muscle soreness and sent home with painkillers. A heart test that returned abnormal results was not taken into account because it was not labelled correctly. Weeks later, Zele collapsed on her way to hospital and ultimately died. No post mortem was conducted and the matter only came to the attention of the coroner's office after Ms Zele's mother, Jackie, raised concerns about her daughter's treatment in a letter several months later. Yesterday at the coronial inquest, Dr Hinsley said she could have been more thorough and in hindsight should have ordered another test. She clearly had a major pulmonary embolism that was missed. Cardiologist Jacob Federman told the court Zele would have been placed on blood thinning medication had her heart condition been picked up at the time. Dr Federman said that could have saved her life. "There is a high likelihood that the events of 28 May might have been avoided," he said. The head of Fremantle Hospital, David Blythe, has told the inquest an "error of judgment" led to the diagnosis being missed. "There was a confusing mix of symptoms, and a call was made in the wrong direction," he said. "The judgment, with the benefit of hindsight, was incorrect. Fremantle Hospital head David Blythe said a number of practices have changed since Zele's death. (ABC News: Courtney Bembridge ) "Clearly Ms Zele had a condition which had been going on from weeks to months. She clearly had a major pulmonary embolism that was missed." He also said the fact that Zele was on the oral contraceptive pill should have raised concerns because it increases the risk. There were no notes on Zele's file to indicate she was taking the pill and yesterday it was suggested she may not have been asked specifically about that. Dr Blythe also said a number of practices have been changed since Zele's death. "I would hope that our practices are improved than what they were at the time," he said. "Some useful recommendations came out that are not just useful for the emergency department. They are broadly applicable." David Mountain from the Australian Medical Association WA branch also gave evidence at the inquest. An expert in emergency medicine and blood clotting disorders, Dr Mountain said pulmonary embolisms - like the one Zele suffered - were seen in up to 200 patients a year. Since Zele's death, several of her family members had tested positive for an inherited blood clotting disorder. Dr Mountain said if that was known earlier, medical staff would have been on "high alert" when Zele arrived at the emergency department in May 2010. He also said the unlabeled ECG heart scan would not have been able to give a diagnosis, except to say it was not normal. Dr Mountain said further tests should have been undertaken then. The hearing has been set down for five days and is expected to hear from more than a dozen witnesses. CNN and the BBC World Service which is copyright and cannot be reproduced AEST = Australian Eastern Standard Time which is 10 hours ahead of GMT (Greenwich Mean Time) your new go-to podcast to spice up your weekday mornings with relevant news and behind-the-scenes from Brussels and beyond From the economy to the climate and the EU's role in world affairs this talk show sheds light on European affairs and the issues that impact on our daily lives as Europeans Tune in to understand the ins and outs of European politics Dare to imagine the future with business and tech visionaries Deep dive conversations with business leaders Euronews Tech Talks goes beyond discussions to explore the impact of new technologies on our lives the podcast provides valuable insights into the intersection of technology and society Europe's water is under increasing pressure floods are taking their toll on our drinking water Join us on a journey around Europe to see why protecting ecosystems matters and to discover some of the best water solutions an animated explainer series and live debate - find out why Water Matters We give you the latest climate facts from the world’s leading source analyse the trends and explain how our planet is changing We meet the experts on the front line of climate change who explore new strategies to mitigate and adapt Russia's war in Ukraine is taking on a new dimension with growing evidence of human rights atrocities by Vladimir Putin's troops accused of killing civilians in cold blood as they retreated from the Kyiv region there are fears similar massacres could be discovered in the coming days Ukraine is calling for more weapons from NATO and stronger Western sanctions against Russia Follow our latest updates from the war in our blog below For a summary of Wednesday's developments, click here Nick Marshall: What am I doing? She's not in the refrigerator. Your Ads Privacy ChoicesIMDb For city runner Pravin Zele, successfully achieving a Guinness World Record has been all about conquering challenges and overcoming difficulties Guinness World Record.(HT PHOTO) Zele was running The 37-year-old city businessman started his attempt on Maharashtra Day (May 1 2017) and finished it on National Sports Day (August 29) In the past four months he ran a total of 2,541kms but at the same time I enjoyed every bit of it There were some moments when I felt my body is no longer supporting my mission I feel great that I have achieved something nobody else in the world has,” Zele told HT running regularly for long periods of time is nothing new He has been running for the last five years and has participated in over 500 marathons but that was not enough for a new world record he prepared himself to run 121 days.  so I knew what it takes in terms of efforts but those remaining 21 days were the ultimate torture test got cramps in my legs and I felt I can’t continue now I just kept going on sheer will power and finally managed it,” he says.  Zele would start running early in the morning at 4.30 am and would finish the 21km - half marathon - in less than 2.5 hours He would track his timing and distance on his GPS watch and the Guinness committee was also keeping a watch on him Many running enthusiasts joined him every day.  The most important part of the challenge was to maintain a diet and follow a routine to get enough rest Zele followed it without fail for four months.  “I was losing almost 2,000-2,500 calories everyday To compensate for the loss I was required to have a rich protein diet didn’t let the running challenge interrupt his work Zele never took a day because of his running The most challenging part for any runner is to get the right footwear to reduce injury chances and ensure maximum leverage of output versus effort “I have been running barefoot for the last three years and I got so used to it that I can’t run wearing shoes now The soles of my feet have become so stiff that I can easily run on any hard surface I don’t like concrete roads as they are harder and can lead to injuries,” he adds.  who was a state-level hockey player earlier lost his right eye when a hockey ball hit his face He therefore decided to dedicate his Guinness record to the cause of ‘No more avoidable blindness’ “My plan is to run a full marathon everyday for 42 successive days ‘42 by 42 ‘is my new goal for 2018,” he says.  Please enable JS and disable any ad blocker