The depreciation of the Brazilian currency against the dollar was perfectly suited for sectors interested in imposing their neoliberal societal project - Mauro Pimentel/AFP
especially at the Brazilian impoverished neighborhoods
we see that it is by combining struggle and sequins [used to adorn clothes common in people’s cultural manifestations] that these populations and groups survive
One way of doing [progressive] politics is to pay attention to these groups – congadas
samba jamming sessions – which are phenomena created by Black and impoverished populations and which have been there since slavery
This survival doesn't happen without culture.”
Assessing Brazil’s current political situation, Fabiana says the country is living under “market terrorism”
“We can't help but notice how market terrorism has been going on repeatedly and in a dishonest way
when the country has shown rates of inflation control
falling poverty and an increase in employment rates
who are very unhappy about the income tax issue
is almost a way of artificially producing an overvaluation of food prices
and this is a rebound effect of how the population will see this government,” she considered.
The journalist believes that the current government should more actively confront this narrative
“This perception that things aren't going well has been called collective cognitive dissonance
That's why I think communication is one of the fronts the government needs to look at
Faced with this cognitive dissonance and the action of these market agents
and communication is one of the possible tools,” she argued
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provided it is not altered and proper credit is given
All original content produced and editorially authored by Brasil de Fato may be reproduced
O programa é o último da série especial de quatro edições sobre o educador no Prosa e Fato - Foto: Arquivo Instituto Paulo Freire
Brazil marked the 60th anniversary of the coup that initiated the dictatorship period in the country
Brasil de Fato published a series of unique articles on this era
emphasizing the importance of remembering it in light of the rise of the far right
Learn more about the Brazilian educator Paulo Freire
Freire was one of the most important intellectuals attacked by the 1964 coup
He was classified as an enemy of the Brazilian people and subversive
a commonly used term to refer to leftist people or those with a social approach to their work
Paulo Freire himself recalls in the same interview
due to his concerns about developing a plan – an adult literacy program for the country – was arrested."
In the second episode of the series “Futuro interrompido: as consequências da ditadura militar para o Nordeste” (Future interrupted: the consequences of the military dictatorship for the Northeast region), Brasil de Fato presents details of Paulo Freire's experience in developing a method of adult literacy
which promised to eradicate illiteracy in the country and offer a new perspective for the region
we will look at the project that the military adopted as a substitute for Freire's plans and the impact of the coup on Brazilian education
To look closer at the consequences of the coup on Paulo Freire's ideas, we went to Angicos, a town with just over 11,000 residents in the semi-arid region of Rio Grande do Norte state. Despite its small size, the place became huge in 1963 and gained national prominence. It was there that Freire put into practice the so-called "40 hours of Angicos" experience
an initiative to teach reading and writing to young people and adults from a people’s perspective.
my son?’ He replied ‘Because you studied with Paulo Freire and I wanted so much to see him
to meet him.’ I said ‘There's a photo.’ Every day he comes in and says ‘Because you studied in Paulo Freire's classes
Paulo Freire was invited by the then governor of Rio Grande do Norte
to work on a method to teach adults to read and write
He planned to develop a statewide initiative to help overcome illiteracy in the region
Freire would test his new ideas in Angicos
the government would adopt the method as state public policy.
The ideas that would make Angicos famous worldwide had already been tried out in Pernambuco state. In the 1950s, Freire was part of the People’s Culture Movement (MCP
an action that brought together diverse intellectuals in Recife
with a single goal: to raise people's awareness through culture and education
intensifying a people’s literacy program
The MCP gained momentum after Miguel Arraes' election as mayor of Recife in 1959
who led the government with a sensitive approach to people’s demands
"Within the framework of the People’s Culture Movement
he [Freire] began to develop a literacy method – later called a literacy system – with experiences in Recife’s mocambos
in the flooded areas," explains professor Dimas Brasileiro.
he creates a circle of debate with these industrial workers who are experimenting with people’s education
Freire realizes that this approach is much more effective both in the process of teaching and learning specific content
of raising awareness of social issues," summarizes Dimas
Paulo Freire arrived in Angicos in 1963, a year before the military coup
professionals from various fields and people committed to the idea of people’s literacy.
The classes were innovative. They respected the local environment and the culture of the workers. Initially, the group carried out a kind of survey of the vocabulary of the local population. The aim was to identify the main subjects of workers' daily lives. Then, the group chose the so-called "generator words"
the first words the students learned to read and write in the project.
the students also interpreted the reality in which they lived
with topics that were part of the reality of people historically excluded
The classes took place simultaneously in various places in the town
from the Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid (Ufersa
"The culture circles took place at various places
There was a group that used to meet at the police station
another at José Rufino [School] and there was another one at Alto da Esperança
That's why it ended up being designed to be applied throughout Brazil
a plan later broken by the establishment of the military dictatorship in Brazil," concludes researcher Ana Aires
The success of the project made João Goulart
He visited Angicos to take a closer look at the project
during the ceremony to mark the conclusion of the classes and was encouraged by the idea of implementing it in other states.
the government intended to launch the National Literacy Plan
The expectation was that more than a million people would learn to read and write that year
through more than 60,000 circles of culture.
Everything was canceled by the military dictatorship
revealed a conversation between General Humberto Castelo Branco and journalist Calazans Fernandes
the then Secretary of Education in Rio Grande do Norte
about Paulo Freire's experience in Angicos
Castelo Branco allegedly said: "Young man
you're fattening rattlesnakes in these lands." Calazans Fernandes immediately replied: "It depends on which heel they bite
The military's concern was that once literate
workers would put in place rights they hadn't had before
One of the main achievements would be the right to vote
only granted to people who couldn't read in 1985
Freire's lessons guided the students towards awareness of labor rights
The 40 hours in Angicos confronted the privileges of many large landowners in Northeast Brazil.
A few months after the experience in Angicos
Paulo Freire became one of the regime's main enemies
The atmosphere of conspiracy spread fear among students
Rumors were disseminated that the classes were a communist experiment
"They said they were going to send people
to burn the notebooks and even arrest him [Freire]
It was a huge revolution in the town," recalls former student Valdice
about the mood that prevailed among the participants when news broke that Freire could be arrested by the dictatorship.
Família de Cícera vive com medo da casa cair após aparição de rachadura na parede - Pedro Stropasolas
Why do I have to?” Arnaldo dos Santos asks summarizing the angst residents in the Bom Pastor neighborhood feel
That’s one of the areas affected by Braskem’s crime in Maceió
“I would like to ask Braskem why this side here has rotten and there it didn’t happen?”
says Santos while pointing to the boarding Braskem put to demarcate the areas under risk of collapse
The remaining houses in the Beco area are less than a meter from the boarding
The neighborhood’s residents still wait to be relocated and receive financial compensation from Braskem through the Financial Compensation and Relocation Support Program (PCF in Portuguese)
a demand to be addressed since Brasil de Fato's first visit to the community about seven months ago
president of the Bom Parto’s residents Association
the lack of income alternatives and the social vulnerability of the families living in the neighborhood increased during the first semester of 2024
while the reality of the families was only "brushed over" by the parliamentary commission of inquiry
Some senators traveled to Maceió on May 8
“[It was] An on-site visit to get a sense of the situation," explains Fernando Lima
"We still have almost 27,000 people in the neighborhood
Houses are cracking so much so that the water table is almost at street level,” he adds
Braskem's contested expansion of the risk map
an elderly woman who shares around 30 square meters with her son
the crack in the living room wall runs from the floor to the ceiling
and is already down here," she points out
Cícera says she would have left the property if she had been given the choice
"I just want them to give us the right to have a small house somewhere else to live
They were all included in the latest version of the Civil Defense Priority Action Lines Map
The expansion of the map – which also comprehends families living on Marquês de Abrantes Street
and the Farol neighborhood – included 1,200 properties in the Civil Defense monitoring area and was carried out only after a public civil action filed by the Federal Public Defender's Office
the Federal Public Prosecutor's Office
and the Public Prosecutor's Office of the State of Alagoas
The inclusion of these families in an area suitable for relocation
was suspended by the Federal Regional Court of the 5th Region on January 22 this year at Braskem's request
the process has been at a standstill in the courts
"In the case of the Bom Parto neighborhood
We have a case that has already been at the trial court and is currently at the appellate court without the slightest prospect that it can be resolved so that 15% of the neighborhood can be relocated," says Fernando Lima
"We managed to get in touch with a private law firm
where we are filing a lawsuit for relocation
compensation and moral damages because through the official way – the Federal Public Prosecutor's Office – our lawsuit has stalled
Asked by the parliamentary commission of inquiry (known in Brazil as CPI) investigating Braskem if Bom Parto’s residents will have to live for decades in cracked buildings that put people's lives at risk
stressed that the families do not need to be relocated and that "these areas are regularly monitored by the municipal and national Civil Defense and by a Braskem technical team.”
Arantes pointed out that requalification works are being implemented in the region
and around BRL 1.7 billion (US$ 316,1 million) will be invested in socio-economic and urban measures
But the Civil Defense is the agency responsible for demarcating areas for relocation
and Braskem has always been diligent in complying with these determinations
In the petition that supports the request to suspend the expansion of the risk map
Braskem justifies that "for a series of anthropological
a community should not be removed from its original home
except in the absence of any other option.”
When asked by the senators of the commission of inquiry why Braskem contested the inclusion of 1,200 properties belonging to families living in the Bom Parto region
the mining company said the "damage to the properties associated with the subsidence phenomenon" is no longer a reason to relocate the families
according to the most recent Civil Defense report
it is necessary to have "soil movement
was confirmed at the CPI by the testimony of Abelardo Pedro Nobre Júnior
the general coordinator of Maceió's Civil Defense
He confirmed that the properties on the banks of the Mundaú Lagoon that have cracks in the walls are being monitored according to the latest version of the map
as it is a place that records "soil movement of 5mm to 10mm per year.”
According to Júnior's statement
what is not known is whether "these pathological manifestations correlate" with industrial activity at Braskem's mines
which is why the area "needs to be studied.”
Still about the cracks on the walls and floods in the region
the representative of Maceió Civil Defense told the commission of inquiry that these issues were not related to the environmental disaster
but to a "historical" problem families living in the surrounding areas of the Mundaú Lagoon face
"The living conditions have always been difficult
the conditions have become subhuman," he says
according to families that live neighboring the Mundaú Lagoon
became even more serious after the ground sank more than 2 meters in the area of mine Number 18 in December
my brothers and my daughter," laments José Roberto dos Santos
While Braskem and the Civil Defense give their justifications and propose monitoring and "studying" the region
the families of Bom Parto are sick living in cracked houses susceptible to flooding
"The population urgently needs to be relocated
Bom Parto’s residents have had no peace
Most of the elderly are sick," explains Paulo de Oliveira
a resident of the neighborhood and one of the four garbage collectors working in the community
There's a lack of security and sanitation
The population also complains about the lack of janitorial services
which should be Braskem’s responsibility
Brasil de Fato saw debris from demolished houses
open sewage and garbage piled up around evacuated areas
Residents take it in turns to clean up the site
You can show the people: there's germs here in this water
Look around and you'll see what is happening here," laments Arnaldo dos Santos
"The people at Bom Parto aren’t dogs
I have two beautiful kids and I can't give my children anything else
I used to earn BRL 200 (US$ 37) a day here," says Arnaldo
whose income to support his two kids today is only what he earns from the Family Grant program (known in Brazil as Bolsa Família)
the final report of the parliamentary commission of inquiry on Braskem held the company responsible for environmental crimes such as "ambitious mining" and indicted 11 people
including the company's vice president
The text by Senator Rogério Carvalho (Workers’ Party) also calls for the restructuring of the Civil Defense risk map and the revision of compensation agreements for affected families
also considering the risk of economic isolation in areas such as Flexais
Although the final report proposes the removal of Bom Parto’s residents and considers the CPI's outcomes a "milestone"
the assessment of the Movement for Popular Sovereignty in Mining (MAM
in Portuguese) is that there is still a long way ahead for the agreements to be fulfilled
"When the parliamentarians came [to Maceió]
They went to Flexais [one of the neighborhoods affected by Braskem] after a lot of pressure
They walked through some streets and went into some houses
And the situation in the Bom Parto neighborhood is a very precarious and dangerous one
You see houses with crooked walls that can fall at any moment
cracks from the floor going up to the wall
The people have nowhere to go," explains Carlos Eduardo Lopes
How long will it take for justice to be done
for people to have their desire to relocate met?" he asks
Residents see the absence of the parliamentary commission in Bom Parto and the failure to resolve the neighborhood's problems are seen as an act of class prejudice
a real prejudice against the Bom Parto community
because it's in poor social conditions
That's what we think," Fernando Lima concludes
Denise é uma das trabalhadoras do Roçado das Marias e se diz apaixonada por agricultura
Not even the midday sun intimidated Denise Alves do Santos
a hat and picked up a hoe to work the land in the sweltering heat
cut down banana trees and expanded the pineapple plantation
Faced with the effort made in the presence of the Brasil de Fato reporter
took a deep breath and smiled: "I love agriculture
I can't see myself in an office.”
"This is an encampment with a 30-year history of fighting for land
and we didn't have a project aimed at us
That's when I heard about the idea of setting up a garden just for women," she explained
:: 40 years of the MST: how the peasent movement was born in Paraná state ::
The experience also changed the life of Paula Miguel
a farmer who arrived at the encampment in 2018
She was unemployed and traveled to the encampment in Pernambuco to find a new perspective on her life
alongside family members who were already in the region
I didn't have a profession or anything to survive on
in addition to doing what I like most," she celebrates
The garden is carried out on plots in collective areas of MST encampments or settlements
with the aim of strengthening autonomy and income generation for female farmers living in agrarian reform territories
It was designed to overcome the structural logic that places males at the center of rural activities
"We know that gardens are usually established by men’s initiative
we thought: 'Why not have the Roçado das Marias
The Roçado das Marias is also a mechanism for us to demand our rights
not only as women but also as campers," explained Hanyelle Ohane
the head of the gender sector at the Galileia regional office in Vitória de Santo Antão
:: Women from the Landless Workers’ Movement hold a demonstration in front of Taurus arms company in São Paulo ::
The initiative involves four other encampments in towns in southern Pernambuco state
The territory is very close to the mill where the Peasant Leagues were founded in the state
With the garden, the female workers are trying to diversify a landscape historically marked by sugarcane monoculture. In addition to planting, they also take part in training courses on agroecology and agroforestry systems
They met in monthly assemblies, always held on the eighth day of each month. Collectively, they decide on a work schedule for the plot so that the activity doesn't overload any worker involved. They also share personal experiences and debate women's rights in society.
The income they get working in the garden is applied to self-care or activities of their own choosing to supplement their household income
"We work with our partners and have a nice little income
We need to feel like fulfilled women," said Denise
have a birthday for them or go out for a walk in the city because life isn't just in the countryside either
We can also go for a walk to distract our minds from the routine we have," she concluded
For now, the project's goal is to expand the training process for female workers
and strengthen the marketing of their products at the main farmer's fairs in the region
"We're thinking about the long term
We're thinking of starting a cooperative in the future so that we can self-organize and take our GMO-free products to fairs," concluded Hanyelle Ohane
é importante para a transformação social - Reprodução/Site Maestro Spok
The 15 days leading up to the official beginning of Carnival are endless for Maestro Spok
an instrumentalist and arranger who heads the Spok Frevo Orchestra
He leads the party at various balls and Carnival previews
welcoming local and national names from the popular music scene
the musician's work requires physical vigor similar to that of an athlete
dances the classic frevo steps and still has the energy to embrace the audience
It all happens during performances that last two and a half hours
He talked to Brasil de Fato after the Municipal Ball for the Elderly
Spok's orchestra performed a repertoire that included classic Pernambuco frevo songs and compositions by Moraes Moreira
Caetano and other icons of Brazilian popular music
Frevo is celebrated on two days: February 9 and September 14
the Recife newspaper O Pequeno wrote the word "Frevo" for the first time
the day became a milestone for this music genre
Frevo became an Intangible Heritage of Brazilian Culture and
Unesco’s Intangible Heritage of Humanity
Spok is responsible for an important moment in Frevo
adding a new musical style to the genre that is genuinely from Pernambuco
He has already recorded three albums (Passo de Anjo
Ninho de Vespa and Frevo Sanfonado) in over three decades of career
He has worked with frevo icons such as José Menezes
and has featured in shows with well-known MPB artists such as Gilberto Gil
The maestro is enthusiastic about instrumental music and believes it should be taught to children from an early age at school. He argues that teaching Frevo and other music genres can be an important tool for social change
Frevo had crucial importance in reducing difficulties
Everything becomes less difficult [with Frevo]," the musician explained
Frevo will become a systematic school subject
This has already been done by many friends of mine who work with popular culture
but it urgently needs to be in the school system."
Spok is the founder of the Passo de Anjo Institute
an organization that provides artistic training for children and teenagers in the town of Abreu e Lima
He began studying music at 13 and says that
he was already breathing in the atmosphere of Carnival
“Vassourinhas", a Frevo song written in 1909 by Joana Batista Ramos and Matias Rocha
was the one that sparked the teenager's interest in music
He also remembers the constant presence of the big names of Frevo in Pernambuco
Claudionor Germano and Expedito Baracho were always playing in my house
We also listened to a lot of Luiz Gonzaga and many repentistas [Brazilian Northeastern singer-poets who improvise verses while playing the guitar].”
those born in the Pernambuco state find it easier to grasp the technique and perform with the energy that the rhythm demands
and that applies to Frevo," said the maestro
"Any musician who plays their instrument well can play Frevo
maybe he or she won't be able to thrill the audience because playing it is different
you have to know the place [where you are playing]
you have to know people's behavior," he says
emphasizing that playing Frevo requires more than technique: you have to have sensitivity
social experience and involvement with Pernambuco's general culture
which talks so much about nostalgia and resistance in order to stay alive
is renewing itself and finding good voices
opening up new technical possibilities and breaking boundaries within the genre itself
"If the Spok Frevo Orchestra's work is considered one that opens doors and windows to possibilities
the new generation is opening everything up for good
It's ‘taking the roof off’ for possibilities
And it's good that there is this generation that makes sure that Frevo is in beautiful
é uma das obras mais destacadas de Josué de Castro - Foto: Acervo Fundação Joaquim Nabuco-MiE
“It wasn’t at the Sorbonne or any other wise university that I first knew about the phenomenon of hunger
It was revealed to me spontaneously before my eyes
in the miserable neighborhoods of the city of Recife: Afogados
That was my Sorbonne: the mud of Recife's mangroves full of crabs and human beings.”
That’s how doctor and geographer Josué de Castro, born in Pernambuco state, defines himself in the book “Of Men and Crabs” (1966). By looking at the unequal landscapes of Recife, he was able to understand the real causes of hunger
a serious problem that affected the world's population in the middle of the 20th century and continues to do so to this day.
When the 1964 military coup happened
Josué was chief ambassador to Geneva
He was removed from the post and died in exile
but internationally renowned for presenting an innovative look at one of the saddest problems in the world: hunger.
In the third episode of the series “Futuro interrompido: as consequências da ditadura militar para o Nordeste” (Future interrupted: the consequences of the military dictatorship for the Northeast region)
Brasil de Fato recalls how the coup interrupted Josué de Castro's political rise and curbed for two decades many important ideas that are still guiding public policies to combat hunger.
what he defended in parliament and what the military did with all his work
Josué made efforts to reveal concrete political and social causes of hunger
Josué de Castro was born in 1908 in Recife
the son of a sertanejo (someone from the Sertão region) who married an heiress to large sugar cane plantations
he grew up surrounded by the mud of mangroves
With a degree in medicine, Josué stood out for his work on nutrition in the 1930s and 1940s
Then President Getúlio Vargas invited him to draw up a social survey
Collected data was later used to ground the idea of the minimum wage policy implemented by Vargas
"There was a lot of talk about hunger
‘There's hunger here and there,’ but nobody could see where it was
That's what's so innovative about his work," says Marina Gusmão
researcher and author of the book O combatente da fome: Josué de Castro: 1930-1973 (“The Hunger Fighter: Josué de Castro: 1930-1973” in a rough translation).
That's what people used to say," she adds
The first time Josué de Castro pointed out hunger as a social problem was in a factory in Recife
He had been hired to investigate the reasons for the supposed unproductivity of employees
His response was surprising and caused a stir among industrialists
"He did a study and concluded that it was impossible to increase workers’ productivity because they were suffering from hunger
so he had no solution to the problem," says Marina Gusmão
In 1946, Josué de Castro published The Geography of Hunger, a classic work and a reference for scholars on the causes of hunger worldwide. With this book, he literally put on the map the regions that were actually living in famine conditions. He then offered political solutions to the problem
“‘The Geography of Hunger’ divides Brazil into geographical areas
but according to criteria that he established
in which he points out areas where there is acute hunger
and so on," recalls Marina Gusmão
In an interview for the documentary film Josué – um cidadão do mundo
geographer Milton Santos recalls the innovative character of the Pernambuco thinker: "I believe that Josué plays two important roles: firstly
to show the generality of the phenomenon of hunger and
one of the most important hunger activists in Brazil
highlighted the revolutionary nature of Josué's work: "The Geography of Hunger was a must-read book due to the topic he approached
I think it was he who said that there is hunger in Brazil
He was the one who gave hunger political and scientific status when he raised this issue."
The Northeast Brazilian region that Josué studied was marked
severe child malnutrition and low life expectancy
Per capita income in the region was US$ 96
much lower than in the center-southern Brazil
according to data cited by Vandeck Santiago in his book Pernambuco em chamas – a intervenção dos EUA e o golpe de 1964
from 30% of GDP in the 1930s to just 11% of the GDP in the 1950s
From a health point of view, the level of malnutrition was extremely high. Children between the ages of five and ten had only 10% of the weight and height of those in the same age group in the United States
Daily calorie intake was below the minimum conditions recommended at the time
according to a survey carried out by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in 1957
Only 4% of children were breastfed after six months of age
according to data in the book The Revolution That Never Was
"He says that the history of humanity is a history of hunger and goes on to show that hunger was always hidden
People pretended the problem didn't exist
It only came to light scandalously at the end of the Second World War
when people in concentration camps were freed and the world saw them
already in a catatonic state due to hunger," says Marina Gusmão
"He worked on the progressive spectrum
among those who understood that governments should act in favor of the most socially and economically excluded segments of society and
those who are hungry," says political scientist Túlio Velho Barreto
The coup silences Josué's ideas
With the military coup of 1964, Josué de Castro became an enemy of the country. He was included on the list of first people to be persecuted, alongside President Jango and other authorities
He lost his ambassadorial post and had his political rights revoked
where he taught geography at the University of Vincennes
he also traveled to various countries in Asia and Africa
spreading his recent revolutionary thesis on hunger
He remained abroad until his death in the 1970s
"Josué de Castro's work was something that bothered the military
the maintenance of status from the point of view of the elite
and the dependence of the starving population on rulers," analyzes political scientist Túlio Velho Barreto
Despite the silence imposed by the dictatorship, Josué de Castro continued to be studied by many researchers at universities, read by artists and adopted as a political reference for people’s movements, especially those fighting for agrarian reform
In 2004, President Lula quoted Castro during the launching ceremony of the Food and Nutrition Security Council (CONSEA
The event took place in Olinda (Pernambuco state)
Lula pointed out that the geographer is a reference and that he dared to do what everyone else had neglected
"A Brazilian like him should never have been punished
but rewarded because he was concerned about something that the state should have been concerned about," he said
the Mãos Solidárias Campaign
organized by the Landless Workers' Movement (MST)
created the Solidary People's Kitchens project
The initiative is based on Josué de Castro’s ideas and provides weekly meals for food-insecure families in various areas of the Metropolitan Region of Recife
is the coordinator of the Vila dos Milagres Solidarity Kitchen in Ibura
She is in charge of preparing meals donated every week
She describes the difficulties families face and the persistence of hunger
despite the resumption of public policies in President Lula's third term
Some people live almost in the mud: they don't have sanitation or a home," she denounces
The Mãos Solidárias Campaign understands Josué de Castro's thesis on the causes of food insecurity and tries
to denounce those who favor this environment of crisis
hunger and helplessness for families living in impoverished areas
"We see that hunger is not simply a lack of food, because there is food. If you go to supermarkets, production and agribusiness are increasingly making more profits
of technology or production so that this food reaches people
It's a political problem of social organization," explains Tomás Agra
Mulheres agricultoras pilotam as máquinas chinesas no Rio Grande do Norte - Afonso Bezerra
The use of Chinese machinery in the Northeast could have a positive impact on the work of female farmers
That's is the assessment of the workers themselves
who hope that the arrival of machinery will reduce working time and increase production
do housework and also need to go to street fairs [to sell their products]
This [the Chinese machinery] will optimize our time in farms because we also need to be at street fairs and attend the movement’s meetings to expose our production
That’s Antônia Diana da Silva’s assessment
She is a farmer who lives in the São Romão settlement
“It’s a dream of family farmers to implement mechanization in their farms
I'll clean four with the machine," she celebrates
mentioning the big leap the equipment can make for family farming and agroecology
We can use them in agroecological production to bring quality food with no pesticides to workers’ tables
to the tables of the Brazilian population.”
equipment manufactured by Chinese companies began operating on Brazilian soil during a demonstration in the town of Apodi
The Minister for Agrarian Development and Family Farming
Fátima Bezerra (Workers’ Party)
as well as union leaders and people's movements
The initiative is part of a partnership between Brazil and China
sewn by people’s movements and Brazil’s Northeast Consortium
The agreement started in 2022 when the Consortium signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with the International Institute of Agricultural Equipment Innovation and Intelligent Agriculture of China Agricultural University
The International Association for People’s Cooperation (Baobá) also signed the MOU
“Our comrades from China have a commitment with us: they will help set up machine factories for family farming
based on the equipment we think is important to us," said João Pedro Stédile
from the national leadership of the Landless Workers' Movement (MST)
“There is no successful policy without social movements
The MST is the one that suggested and helped to make this partnership happen," Minister Paulo Teixeira explained during a press conference on the day of the event in Apodi
mentioned the similarities between the realities of Brazil and China and praised the partnership between the two countries
She was one of the main organizers of the partnership
“Both Brazil and China are huge agricultural countries
our partnership in the agribusiness sector has been growing
and the two countries benefit from this commercial transaction
Our agriculture sector exists thanks to small families
like those here in the Northeast region.”
the machines will undergo a trial period to assess how well they adapt to Brazilian reality
a planter and a drone used for soil fertilization were presented at the event
"The idea is to test these Chinese machines on our soil
We're going to analyze the amount of fuel they consume
whether it's harvesting rice or managing the land
The idea is to see how efficient it is in the field so we can suggest adaptations," explained Maria da Saúde
from the MST's production sector in Pernambuco state
According to João Pedro Stédile
the expectation is to advance in building factories in the northeastern states
During his speech at the political event in Apodi
Stédile criticized the concentration of the machinery market in Brazil and showed how this scenario is a major obstacle to peasant family farming
There are no organic fertilizer factories in Brazil
there are 1,200 organic fertilizer factories
and they make fertilizer with organic matter
with families’ and restaurants’ leftovers.
the goal is to build a rice harvester factory in Maranhão state
with the possibility of serving the states of Pará and Tocantins; a factory in the Cariri region
Ceará state; another in Rio Grande do Norte and a bio-input factory in Pernambuco state.
"Without a factory in the Northeast region
We want these factories to come here to the Northeast
so that we can expand the supply of mechanization at a fair price," explained Alexandre Lima
Rio Grande do Norte's Secretary for Family Farming
Ato em São Paulo reuniu milhares de pessoas em defesa dos direitos das mulheres - Caroline Oliveira/Brasil de Fato
On International Women’s Struggle Day, March 8
They marched to denounce numerous cases of femicide
and express solidarity with the Palestinian population—a community currently facing an ongoing genocide perpetrated by the Israeli government.
Thousands of people marched in the rain to defend women’s rights
the most prominent were the defense of legalizing abortion
the denunciation of police violence in São Paulo
and solidarity with the Palestinian people
The cry “no amnesty” also echoed strongly in the metropolis
“Once again, women are on the streets to defend their sexual and reproductive rights, the legalization of abortion, denounce Governor of São Paulo's privatizations
which has been happening in Baixada Santista
the Palestinian genocide that mainly affects women and children and also ensure more funds for policies to combat violence against women," highlighted Luka Franca
Secretary of State of the Unified Black Movement (MNU
people concentrated on Treze de Maio Park in the city center
Elisa Maria, a member of the Popular Brazil Movement in Pernambuco state, summarized their mission: “We prioritize the lives of all women. We engage in dialog about Brazil’s urgent issues. While we secured victories at the polls, we continue to confront Bolsonarism and a state ideology that privatizes our water and public services
Women remain the most vulnerable victims of poverty and violence.”
In Brasília, approximately 300 women from the Landless Rural Workers Movement (MST) gathered in front of the Israeli embassy to denounce the ongoing genocide of the Palestinian people and call for an immediate ceasefire in the bombings targeting Gaza
"We stand in solidarity with the Palestinian people because we understand that we are united in the fight for land
in addition to rural workers were expelled from the countryside for the expansion of agribusiness
Our dignity gave way to millions of hectares of soybeans
cotton and eucalyptus," said the movement in a statement
The attacks in the Gaza Strip have persisted for five months
triggered by an earlier assault by Hamas—the armed Palestinian group governing the region—on Israel on October 7
Israel has claimed the lives of at least 30,717 Palestinians and left another 72,156 injured
The United Nations (UN) Women report that a staggering 85% of Gaza’s 2.2 million inhabitants have been forcibly displaced from their homes and continually pushed toward the border with Egypt—nearly a million of them being women.
around 200 women affiliated with the MST staged a demonstration outside the Conceito AMTT store
which serves as a reseller of weapons and cartridges from companies Taurus and CBC
Their protest spotlighted the alarming rise in femicide within the country
and the troubling export of war materials to Israel.
1,463 women fell victim to femicide in Brazil
according to the Brazilian Public Security Yearbook 2023
compiled by the Brazilian Public Security Forum (FBSP) and published on Thursday
This figure represents a 1.6% increase compared to 2022 and stands as the highest number ever recorded since the law criminalizing femicide was enacted in March 2015.
The report also highlights that firearms remain the primary instrument used in femicide cases across Brazil
a staggering 783,385 people were registered as Collectors
and Hunters (CAC)—a sevenfold increase from 2018
ammunition production reached 420.5 million last year
women affiliated with the MST took action by occupying three National Institute for Colonization and Agrarian Reform (Incra) headquarters
This initiative is part of the National Struggle Journey of Landless Women
Approximately 1,200 militants converged on the state agency’s offices in São Paulo
rallying under the motto: “We will fight
mobilizations on March 8 began near the Palace of the Lions
the women participating in the demonstration faced obstruction by the Military Police
filing a letter with the presiding judge of the state’s Court of Justice
The letter emphasized the impacts of the Land Grabbing Law.
landless women organized a powerful mobilization
They marched and occupied the state government’s headquarters in the city of Natal
showing both resistance and a demand for the government to prioritize their movement’s agenda.
forests and cities went to the state Legislative Assembly
to protest against violence and demand agrarian reform this March 8
On the same day, approximately 500 families associated with the MST seized control of the “Aroeiras” farm in Lagoa Santa (MG). Their action was driven by the land’s failure to fulfill its social function, as the abandoned property remained unproductive. The MST fervently called for the area’s allocation to agrarian reform.
over 500 rural workers participated in the Landless Women’s protest on Friday morning
They marched in the municipality of Porecatu
situated in the northern part of the state
as part of the ongoing Journey of Struggles of the Landless Women.
provided it is not altered and proper credit is given.