BISSECK 6. He produces little in help, but in defense he is not in danger.
DE VRIJ 6. A huge mistake in the half hour that could have cost us dearly.
CARLOS AUGUSTO 7. He triggers the first goal, sends Correa to goal, saves De Vrij from making a fool of himself. Today he is better than Dimarco. But he will start on the bench.
DARMIAN 6. Wide on the right, he is well contained by Verona who do not give him any space.
FRATTESI 5,5. He trots around the pitch without any great ideas, fouls a nice ball for Arnautovic.
ASLLANI 7. He unlocked the game with a penalty, grazed the crossbar at the end of the first half and immediately afterwards placed a nice ball onto Arnautovic's head.
ZIELINSKI 6. A couple of good phrases, but very little in substance.
ZALEWSKI 6. Perhaps the most anticipated because he was the only Nerazzurri player to play one-on-one, a nice play on the left after half an hour, little else.
CORREA 5. He tries to find space on the left, but he is a disaster in every phase of the game. Separated at home, and it shows.
ARNAUTOVIC 5. He has a good ball in the first half that turns badly. Very nervous at the time of the substitution, does not leave a mark.
Annex INZAGHI 6,5. He takes a risk by sending the other Inter onto the field, he takes home three points and a victory that had been missing for too long. Perhaps preserved.
Mkhitaryan 6. With him, it's a whole other step.
Dimarco 6. A few minutes to find the shape, which isn't there.
Taremi 5,5. Is he the man for Barcelona? We can hope for Lautaro.
Inter need a result to stay clear of Napoli at the top of the table with Lautaro Martinez and Tucu Correa
but Bologna push for fourth place with Dan Ndoye
It kicks off at the <a href="https://www.legaseriea.it/it/match/bologna-internazionale-serie-a-matchday-33" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Stadio Dall’Ara</a> at 17.00 UK time (16.00 GMT)
<a href="https://football-italia.net/serie-a-liveblog-bologna-inter-milan-atalanta/">You can follow all the build-up and action as it happens from this game and Milan vs. Atalanta on the Liveblog.</a>
The Nerazzurri are still buzzing from the <a href="https://football-italia.net/champions-league-inter-2-2-bayern-munich-4-2/">midweek 2-2 draw with Bayern Munich</a>, which allowed them to set up a Champions League semi-final against Barcelona.
They are also going to face Milan in the Coppa Italia semi-final on Wednesday, so squad rotation is essential for Simone Inzaghi.
However, Marcus Thuram has an adductor issue, so is ruled out with Denzel Dumfries and Piotr Zielinski.
Marko Arnautovic is not at 100 per cent either against his old club, so Correa is chosen to partner Lautaro Martinez.
MILAN, ITALY – JANUARY 15: Santiago Castro of Bologna celebrates scoring his team’s first goal during the Serie A match between FC Internazionale and Bologna at Stadio Giuseppe Meazza on January 15, 2025 in Milan, Italy. (Photo by Marco Luzzani/Getty Images)Bologna have had a great 2025 and had surged up to fourth place, but dropped down to fifth after the defeat to Atalanta.
They too are preparing for the Coppa Italia semi-final, though with a 3-0 first leg lead over Empoli, can afford to field their best XI here.
Nicolò Casale dislocated his shoulder, joining Davide Calabria, Lewis Ferguson and Lukasz Skorupski on the treatment table, while Santiago Castro is still not ready to start after a knock to his foot on international duty with Argentina.
Riccardo Orsolini is dropped for Benjamin Dominguez, with Dan Ndoye and Jens Odgaard in support.
When these teams met at San Siro in January, it was a thrilling 2-2 draw.
Bologna: Ravaglia; Holm, Beukema, Lucumì, Miranda; Freuler, Aebischer; Ndoye, Odgaard, Dominguez; Dallinga
Inter: Sommer; Pavard, Acerbi, Bastoni; Darmian, Barella, Calhanoglu, Mkhitaryan, Carlos Augusto; Correa, Lautaro Martinez
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Inter recorded their second victory: the Nerazzurri controlled the game
created several chances and took a two-goal lead thanks to Taremi and Salcedo&#x27;s finishes in each half
Capoferri then pulled one back for Pergolettese in second-half stoppage time
A new week but the same venue: Inter were back out on the pitch at the BPER Training Centre to face Serie C side Pergolettese
who have become a regular opponent during the Nerazzurri&#x27;s pre-season preparations
Simone Inzaghi sent his side out in a 3-5-2 formation
Asllani and Zielinski (making his first Inter appearance) were brought into the side
with Agoumé moving to the centre of defence
The second half kicked off without Zielinski
who was replaced by Berenbruch at the break
with the Nerazzurri displaying their strength and quality
Inzaghi&#x27;s men were combining well and moving the ball around quickly
creating problems for the Pergolettese defence
Mkhitaryan found himself in space inside the box
but he couldn&#x27;t quite manage to get the ball under control and lost the chance to shoot
Carlos Augusto hit the post following another excellent Mkhitaryan pass
Pergolettese couldn&#x27;t get out of their own half
Asllani had the next opportunity as he let fly with his left foot
but the ball went the wrong side of the far post
The Nerazzurri continued to push for a second: in the 78th minute
Correa was picked out by the tireless Mkhitaryan
but the Argentine&#x27;s first-time effort was brilliantly saved by the newly introduced Cordaro
Inter finally scored again through Salcedo
who converted Cocchi&#x27;s perfect cross at the near post
a well-worked free-kick ended with Capoferri heading past Di Gennaro to make it 2-1
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Inzaghi and Bastoni speak to the press: Live
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He tried soccer and skateboarding but finally found his passion in surfing, which has taken him to the big waves of Teahupo&#x27;o. In this environment he not only needed to be fearless, but he embraced the Tahitian connection between ocean, land, waves, board and himself.
He&#x27;s overcome some great rivals on his way to the semis and is one step away from standing on an Olympic podium.
&quot;I&#x27;m happy to be there on this beach, to show everything I can do in the water. To show the level, the Peruvian grit. It&#x27;s incredible to be in these Olympic Games,&quot; Correa told Olympics.com.
Discover the history and achievements of this Peruvian surfer, who proved predictions wrong to qualify for the semi-finals at Paris 2024 and feature among the stars of the sport.
was soccer playing striker in matches with his friends in his neighbourhood
every time he went to the beach with his family for a vacation
little Correa would watch his father Augusto take a surfboard and get into the water to &quot;talk&quot; to the ocean
His father put him on a surfboard for the first time in his life when he was seven years old
That moment changed Correa&#x27;s destiny forever
He would embark on an intimate relationship with the sea and the waves that would also lead to a professional sports career
Correa thrives off the mix of competitiveness and the peace of spending time in nature
 View this post on Instagram            </a><a href="https://www.instagram.com/p/C-JQ7A8SWKi/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" style=" color:#c9c8cd; font-family:Arial,sans-serif; font-size:14px; font-style:normal; font-weight:normal; line-height:17px; text-decoration:none;" target="_blank">A post shared by Juegos Olímpicos (@juegosolimpicos)</a>
he was already competing against 16-year-olds and finished third at the National Under-16 Championship in 2000
Correa&#x27;s first major international achievement came at the 2006 ISA Junior World Championship in Portugal where he won the silver medal
he&#x27;s featured among the world&#x27;s surfing elite
While he has not reached finals or won major titles yet
Correa always has the clarity in his mind that surfing is not exclusively about competing
I love being in the ocean and I will always do this,&quot; he added
After a knee injury and surgery that took him almost a year and a half to recover from
At the 2024 ISA World Surfing Games (WSG) earlier this year in Puerto Rico
 View this post on Instagram            </a><a href="https://www.instagram.com/p/C98Xnf4ygVQ/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" style=" color:#c9c8cd; font-family:Arial,sans-serif; font-size:14px; font-style:normal; font-weight:normal; line-height:17px; text-decoration:none;" target="_blank">A post shared by Alonso Correa (@alonsocorrea)</a>
The Peruvian surfer was adamant that he had to get to the Paris 2024 Olympic Games in the best possible shape
He spent a month before the Olympic surfing competition in Tahiti to test the waves of Teahupo&#x27;o
He learned about the full strength of the waves and how to avoid the large reef
which poses a real danger given how shallow it is
&quot;I was with my brother in the waves and we were analysing the waves a lot
Knowing when to speed up and when to slow down
you&#x27;ll get out of the tube earlier than you could and that will make you lose points,&quot; the Peruvian analysed in detail in an interview with Duke Surf
knowing that the nature of the wave would mean he would likely break some
during his first training session in Teahupo&#x27;o
Another key point in Correa&#x27;s evolution and the great competition he&#x27;s had at Paris 2024 was the mental side
with a calm mind and very determined.&quot;
 View this post on Instagram            </a><a href="https://www.instagram.com/p/C-DyVtRSxFz/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" style=" color:#c9c8cd; font-family:Arial,sans-serif; font-size:14px; font-style:normal; font-weight:normal; line-height:17px; text-decoration:none;" target="_blank">A post shared by Alonso Correa (@alonsocorrea)</a>
Bologna (4-2-3-1): Ravaglia; Holm, Beukema, Lucumì, Miranda; Aebischer, Freuler; Orsolini, Odgaard, Ndoye; Dallinga. All. Italian
Inter Milan (3-5-2): Summer; Pavard, Acerbi, Bastoni; Darmian, Barella, Calhanoglu, Mkhitaryan, Carlos Augusto; Correa, Lautaro Martinez. Coach Inzaghi
Bologna-Inter, valid for round 33 of Serie A, is played Sunday April 20 at the Dall'Ara stadium with kick-off at 18pm and double live TV broadcast. Live on the Dazn platform, visible via a special app on both smart TV and on Playstation and Xbox, with commentary by Pierluigi Pardo and Dario Marcolin. Live on Sky on the channels Sky Calcio, 202, Sky 4k and Sky Sport 251. Commentary by Andrea Marinozzi and Massimo Gobbi.
<a href="/articles/s41598-024-54132-7/metrics" data-track="click" data-track-action="view metrics" data-track-label="link" rel="nofollow">Metrics details</a>
The aim of this study was to verify whether the expression of cell proliferation and apoptosis markers in different types of unicystic ameloblastoma (UA) is associated with the location of neoplastic cells
Immunohistochemical study with a sample of 32 cases of UA
11 cases of conventional ameloblastoma (CAM) and ten dental follicles (DF) cases was performed
Cell proliferation was assessed using Ki-67 status
Mural UA (MUA) showed a higher immunostaining of Ki-67 (p &lt; 0.05) and a lower immunostaining of Caspase-3 (p &lt; 0.05) compared with luminal and intraluminal subtypes of UA and CAM
The neoplastic cells of the MUA’s cystic capsule showed a higher expression of Ki-67 protein (p &lt; 0.0001) and a lower expression of Caspase-3 (p &lt; 0.0001) compared with the lumen
DF showed lower Ki-67 and Caspase-3 immunostaining (p &lt; 0.05) than neoplasms
The higher immunoexpression of Ki-67 and the lower immunoexpression of Caspase-3 in MUA
in the parenchyma cells within the cystic capsule
suggest an association between the biological behaviour and location of neoplastic cells in a tumour
which potentially explains CAM’s clinical behaviour
we hypothesised that neoplastic epithelial cells of CAM that are close to the bone would present a higher rate of proliferation and be stimulated by growth factors released by bone resorption to synthesise and secrete metalloproteinases
The present study aims to evaluate the immunoexpression rates of Ki-67 and Caspase-3 proteins in UA subtypes
and to verify the differences in the immunostaining of these proteins between the cells located in the lumen and cystic capsule regions of MUA since the neoplastic epithelial cells of MUA are closer to the bone being reabsorbed by the neoplasm
there is an urgent need to gain a deeper insight into the mechanisms contributing to the difference in the biological behaviour of each subtype
This is essential to directing appropriate treatment approaches for each UA subtype
we hypothesised that neoplastic cells from the cystic capsule region in MUA would have higher immunostaining rates for Ki-67 and lower immunostaining rates for Caspase-3 due to their proximity to the bone undergoing resorption
Immunohistochemical reactions were performed on 53 human-derived samples
The samples and clinical data of the patients were collected from the archives of the Centre for the Diagnosis of Mouth Diseases (CDDB) of the Faculty of Dentistry at the Federal University of Pelotas
the São Leopoldo Mandic Research Centre and Institute
and the Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy and Immunohistochemistry of the Faculty of Dentistry at the Federal University of Pará
All samples were diagnosed based on imaging analysis and trans-surgical exams
combined with the histological analysis of the entire lesion to rule out an invasion of tumour epithelium into the cystic capsule in cases of UA
the loaded histological slides were deparaffinised and washed with xylene dehydrating ethanol solution
the samples were immersed in 3% hydrogen peroxide and methanol (1:1) to block endogenous peroxidase activity
Antigen retrieval was performed using citrate buffer (pH 6.0) in a pressure chamber (Pascal pressure chamber; Dako Cytomation
After treatment with 1% bovine serum albumin (Bovine serum albumin; Sigma-Aldrich
USA) in phosphate-buffered saline solution for 1 h
the sections were incubated for 1 h in a humid chamber at room temperature with the primary antibodies
anti-human Ki-67 (monoclonal antibody rabbit anti-human Ki-67
and anti-human caspase-3 (Activated Rabbit Anti Caspase-3 Polyclonal Antibody
diluted at 1:600 for 1 h and incubated separately
Slides were incubated and treated at room temperature with a dextran polymer–based complex (Reveal; Spring Bioscience
and diaminobenzidine (DAB) was used as a chromogenic agent (Liquid DAB + Substrate; Spring Bioscience
the slides were counterstained with haematoxylin (Mayer’s haematoxylin; Sigma-Aldrich
USA) and were mounted with mounting medium (Permount; Fisher Scientific
CAM samples were used as a positive control
and a negative control was performed with the omission of the primary antibody
10 images of each sample were acquired: 5 images for cells that invaded the cystic capsule and 5 for cells present in the lumen for a comparison between these areas
The data obtained were analysed using a statistics software (GraphPadPrism 8 software; GraphPad Software
USA) and by the statistics software (jamovi 2.3; The jamovi project
A non-parametric distribution was evidenced in the Shapiro–Wilk test; thus
the differences between the groups were evaluated by the ANOVA test with Bonferroni correction
The difference between the MUA capsule and lumen areas was estimated using the Mann–Whitney test
A 95% confidence interval was assumed (p = 0.05)
This study was carried out as per the criteria established by the Ethics Committee in Research with Human Beings of the Institute of Health Sciences of the Federal University of Pará—ICS/UFPA
The Ethics Committee in Research with Human Beings of the Institute of Health Sciences of the Federal University of Pará—ICS/UFPA waived the Consent to Participate form and approved this research under protocol number 4,570,860
The samples of the different types of ameloblastoma were distributed into groups after collecting clinical and anatomopathological data, which can be seen in Table <a data-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="table anchor" href="/articles/s41598-024-54132-7#Tab1">1</a>
</a>Apoptosis marker Caspase-3 is lower in MUA (A
The markings were weakly diffused into the cytoplasm in the parenchyma of neoplastic cells
Comparison of the immunoexpression of Caspase-3 between the samples of MUA
immunostaining is barely observed in the tall columnar cells at the periphery of the tumor islands (arrow)
strong staining is observed in the many of neoplastic cells (arrows)
</a>Proliferating marker Ki-67 is higher on (A) neoplastic MUA cells in the cystic capsule region compared with (B) neoplastic MUA cells in the lumen region. Scale: 50 µm. (C) Comparison of Ki-67 immunoexpression between the capsule and lumen areas of MUA, ***p &lt; 0.0001.
</a>Apoptosis marker Caspase-3 is lower in (A) neoplastic MUA cells in the cystic capsule region in comparison with (B) neoplastic MUA cells in the lumen region
Comparison of Caspase-3 immunoexpression between the capsule and lumen areas of MUA
we hypothesise that MUA has a higher Ki-67 expression (proliferation marker) and lower Caspase-3 expression (apoptosis marker) than unicystic ameloblastoma subtypes
due to the location of neoplastic cells in MUA
neoplastic cells from the cystic capsule region showed higher Ki-67 immunoexpression and lower Caspase-3 expression
when compared with neoplastic cells from the cystic lumen region in MUA
The clinical data of the studied UA samples displayed a higher prevalence of the mural subtype
with most patients aged 25 years or less and being female
The most prevalent site was in the mandible region
patients were predominantly over 25 years of age
and the predominant location was the mandible
CAM was found to be more frequent in patients who were in their third to seventh decade of life
and the mandible was the most affected location
The clinical data generated the present study corroborate the findings in the literature
In the immunohistochemical evaluation of the expression of Ki-67 and Caspase-3 proteins
in the neoplastic parenchyma of the UA and CAM variants
the labelling of the proteins was studied in all samples
When evaluating the predominance of nuclear labelling of the Ki-67 protein
the mural subtype was found to show a higher immunoexpression of this protein than the other subtypes and CAM
the Caspase-3 protein was less expressed in the parenchyma of MUA
LUA and IUA showed no difference of caspase-3 expression when compared with CAM
epithelial cells of CAM may be stimulated to proliferate when they are close to the bone and to cause apoptosis when they are far from the surrounding bone or in the centre of islands and cords
This probably does not occur with MUA cells that have invaded the capsule
as these are mainly characterised by cells from the basal layer
resulting in a higher expression of Ki-67 and a lower expression of Caspase-3 than in CAM
The hypothesis proposed in this study suggest that the cells closest to the bone have a higher expression of Ki-67 and a lower expression of Caspase-3
which could explain the lack of statistical difference between CAM
</a>Illustration summarising our hypothesis about the difference between the location of neoplastic cells in mural unicystic ameloblastoma
Neoplastic AUM cells are present both in the lumen and the cystic capsule
with those in the latter being closer to the area of bone degradation than those in the lumen
This validates the result of quantification in different regions of the MUA
in which the highest rates of immunostaining were found for the apoptosis-promoting protein in the cystic lumen region (tumour centre)
would not justify the clinical behaviour of MUA
indicates anti-apoptotic events overlap apoptotic ones in this tumour
IUA and CAM could be high because they are not largely influenced by growth factors and genetic mutations
The mentioned studies indicate the probable role of anti-apoptotic modulators in the local invasiveness of ameloblastoma
although no study has verified the expression of Caspase-3 in UA and its subtypes
Since the method used for the development of this immunohistochemistry study is limited
the results must be confirmed against those of studies that investigate the biological mechanisms involved with the findings
studies with more expressive numbers of UA should be carried out to confirm the results
As per the studies carried out by the authors behind the update
ameloblastoma subtypes should be treated conservatively when they are intraluminal and luminal
while the mural subtype should be treated with the same approach used for CAM
as it is associated with recurrences when treated by conservative methods
we can extrapolate that the lower Caspase-3 labelling and the higher Ki-67 expression observed in the cystic MUA capsule could justify the more aggressive biological behaviour of this histological subtype
The neoplastic cells present in the cystic capsule in the MUAs presented higher expression of the cell proliferation marker and lower expression of the apoptosis marker when compared with neoplastic cells located far from the bone region undergoing resorption
bone resorption may be influencing more invasive biological mechanism of MUA compared with other UA subtypes
The datasets used and analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request
Zhang, B., Zhang, J., Huang, H., Xu, Z. &amp; Xie, H. Expression and role of metalloproteinase-2 and endogenous tissue regulator in ameloblastoma. J. Oral Pathol. Med. 39(3), 219–222. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.2009.00827.x" data-track="click_references" data-track-action="external reference" data-track-value="external reference" data-track-label="10.1111/j.1600-0714.2009.00827.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.2009.00827.x</a> (2010)
Update from the 5th edition of the World Health Organization classification of head and neck tumours: Odontogenic and maxillofacial bone tumors
Immunohistochemical expression of matrix metalloproteinases in ameloblastomas and pericoronal follicles
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<a data-track="click" data-track-action="download citation references" data-track-label="link" rel="nofollow" href="https://citation-needed.springer.com/v2/references/10.1038/s41598-024-54132-7?format=refman&amp;flavour=references">Download references</a>
These authors contributed equally: Rebeca Vieira Costa
Ruy Gastaldoni Jaeger and João de Jesus Viana Pinheiro
Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy and Immunohistochemistry
Gabriela Cristina Avertano Rocha da Silveira &amp; Sérgio de Melo Alves Júnior
Maria Sueli da Silva Kataoka &amp; João de Jesus Viana Pinheiro
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology
Vanessa Morais Freitas &amp; Ruy Gastaldoni Jaeger
Center for the Diagnosis of Diseases of the Mouth
Ana Carolina Uchoa Vasconcelos &amp; Adriana Etges
São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center
Victor Angelo Martins Montalli &amp; Fabricio Passador Santos
carried out the conception and design of the project; R.V.C.
analysed the validation of the results; J.J.V.P.
performed the analysis and interpretation of the data; R.V.C.
were responsible for the resources; R.V.C.
performed the writing of the manuscript; J.J.V.P.
performed the critical review and editing; and J.J.V.P
was responsible for overseeing and administering the project and procurement funding
All authors read and accepted the published version of the manuscript
The authors declare no competing interests
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations
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Unlocked: Jai Glindeman&#8217;s Stab Edit Of The Year Entry
Stab Interview: WSL CEO Ryan Crosby On The Tectonic Shifts Coming To The Championship Tour
Ramzi Boukhiam’s Season In Jeopardy After Injury
Isabella Nichols + Jack Robinson Win Rip Curl Pro Bells Beach
The Electric Acid Surfboard Test With Dave Rastovich
A 15-minute edit with zero rights and only one non-barrel
Peru hasn’t had the competitive success in surfing as their South American neighbor
Brazil –but don’t let contest rankings fool you: the country has a strong and rich surf culture andhas bread more hard-charging tuberiders than we can count
“I think that attitude is rooted in Peruvian surfers,” explains Alonso Correa
Alonso made it his mission to find and surf — many times alone — perfect waves at home
Add to that animpressive Pipe showing and you have the ingredients for “Foncho” — the newest entry to Stab’s Edit of The Year
Stab: You spend an impressive time in the tube in your edit
Alonso Correa: It all started about two years ago
but it was crowded and it was hard to get the best waves
That got me thinking: I knew that if I applied myself
I could score good waves in Peru – just as good as Indo
I’ve been doing strike missions every time a swell hits northern Peru
I surfed over there every opportunity I had
but a few sessions really paid off all the time and energy invested
That was my whole motivation: to get really good waves at home
surfed it for two days and then flew straight to northern Peru to surf the same swell
I’m glad I had my friend Jose Plaza with me
he shot everything — and he also edited my video
It sure does look like you got more barrels at home than in Indo… must be hard leaving Peru to surf QS events around the world
You have to drive a lot; you have to know what swell direction hits better in which location; and especially
so you have to know where the good banks are
People travel all around the world to get waves like that
Is it true you left dozens of barrels out of the edit
‘cause it was getting too long and repetitive
So we cut quite a bit to keep it more interesting
I wanted to try different songs too and keep the action right up there
Have you always lived in Lobitos (northern Peru)
He took me and my brother surfing everywhere in Lobitos since we were little kids
I was wondering how a haole was getting such crazy bombs
but then I realized you were part of the Peruvian team at Backdoor Shootout
I’ve been going to Hawaii for 10 years now and I remember watching the Backdoor Shootout the very first time I was there and it was a crazy event
It seems like they always get the best waves of the season for that contest
And I always dreamt of one day being there and wondered what it would be like
All we would talk about in Hawaii was “how cool would it be if we had a Peruvian team in the event?”
we were so stoked and we embraced it with everything we had
most of the waves on the Hawaiian part are from the Backdoor Shootout
Those were some of the best sessions of my life: surfing Pipe with no crowds
your friends yelling at you to go… it was absolutely epic
hollow waves?I feel it’s part of our surf culture
Growing up I had rolemodels like Gabriel Villaran and Alvaro Malpartida
guys who charged and got huge crazy barrels
He would take me out when it was big and I had to go with him no matter what
I call them (hollow and heavy waves) good waves (laughs)
I think that attitude in rooted in Peruvian surfers
what would you do with the prize (1 Bitcoin
I have never been there and Teahupo&#8217;o is a wave I really want to surf – so yeah
I’d probably use the money to do more surf trips [laughs]
Join us for all the build-up and action as it happens from today’s special Easter Sunday Serie A matches
We begin at 17.00 UK time (16.00 GMT) with leaders Inter needing a result at the Stadio Dall’Ara against Bologna in fifth if they are to keep hold of top spot
Milan must win to stay in the hunt for European places as they take on Atalanta at San Siro
<a href="https://football-italia.net/rafael-leao-milan-derby-can-change-our-season/">Rafael Leao: ‘Milan derby in Coppa Italia can change our season’</a>
<a href="https://football-italia.net/conceicao-if-i-win-2-trophies-how-long-milan/">Conceicao: ‘If I win 2 trophies, how long since Milan did that?’</a>
<a href="https://football-italia.net/ederson-surprised-to-be-alone-milan-atalanta/">Ederson surprised to be ‘alone’ in Milan 6-yard box for Atalanta winner</a>
<a href="https://football-italia.net/gasperini-atalanta-no-regrets-extraordinary/">Gasperini: ‘Atalanta have no regrets in an extraordinary season’</a>
Milan do still have one hope of European qualification
The 2nd leg of their semi-final with Inter is on Wednesday
Atalanta have a remarkable record in what is after all a Lombardy Derby
because they won four of the last five meetings in all competition
Milan are surely out of the running for Europe now
<a href="https://football-italia.net/serie-a-milan-0-1-atalanta-ederson-ends-milan/">Serie A | Milan 0-1 Atalanta: Ederson ends Rossoneri ambition</a>
Lookman goes on the counter all by himself
angled drive parried by Maignan’s outstretched boot and then Retegui slips on the rebound
Joao Felix with a good first touch on the long ball over the top
but De Roon is there to cut him off for a corner
De Ketelaere pass for Lookman was promising
but then Sottil just about managed to slow them down and draw a foul from CDK
then totally shinned the shot from the edge of the area
Sottil is now a right-back in a Milan 4-2-4 formation
in case you were wondering what on earth was going on
It looks like Sottil wasn’t entirely aware of that either
Lookman cuts inside and the shot from the edge of the area is deflected for a corner off Fofana
Leao through ball for Abraham is a good idea
but slightly long and Carnesecchi smothers
Charles De Ketelaere on for Atalanta against his old club
He really was not expected to be recovered for another couple of weeks after a muscular injury
that is a very attacking move when leading 1-0
who over-runs the ball and crashes into Bellanova
and he squares for Retegui but he somehow puts it wide as he slides in…
📺 <a href="https://twitter.com/tntsports?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw" target="_blank" rel="noopener">@tntsports</a> &amp; <a href="https://twitter.com/discoveryplusUK?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw" target="_blank" rel="noopener">@discoveryplusUK</a> <a href="https://t.co/iXDKOgIcq4" target="_blank">pic.twitter.com/iXDKOgIcq4</a>
— Football on TNT Sports (@footballontnt) <a href="https://twitter.com/footballontnt/status/1914052040684142884?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw" target="_blank" rel="noopener">April 20, 2025</a>
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Volume 11 - 2020 | <a class="ArticleLayoutHeader__info__doi" href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.602664">https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.602664</a>
Female sex workers (FSWs) represent a key population for the acquisition of sexually transmitted infections (STI) due to their social vulnerability and the risks associated with their occupation
This study was conducted to describe the sociodemographic characteristics and sexual behavior among FSWs in cities in northern Brazil
to determine the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) and human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1/2) infections and to identify the circulating subtypes of these agents in this key population
A cross-sectional study using the Time Location Sampling (TLS) method was conducted among 339 FSWs in cities in the state of Par&#x00E1; from 2005 to 2006
Serological and molecular tests were performed to identify infections and viral subtypes
and bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify risk factors
The prevalence of antibodies against HIV-1 and HTLV-1 was 2.3 and 1.7%
HIV-1 subtypes B (87.5%) and F1 (12.5%) were identified among FSWs
as were Cosmopolitan subtype (1a) and Transcontinental subgroup (A)
Unprotected sex and illicit drug use were associated with HIV-1 and HTLV-1 infections using bivariate and multivariate analyses
and age &#x2265;27 years was associated only with HIV
The important information highlighted here clearly indicates that the lack of actions to control and prevent pathogens in FSWs and the lack of strategies for health promotion in key populations can further aggravate the epidemiological scenario of viral infections in remote areas with low human development indices
Neglecting these facts may be causing the spread of these two viruses and their respective subtypes in the general population of northern Brazil
there have been no epidemiological investigations of the virus among FSWs
The present investigation was conducted to describe sociodemographic characteristics
and the prevalence and circulating molecular subtypes of HIV-1 and HTLV-1/2 among FSWs of four cities in the State of Para
FSWs (n = 339) residing in the State of Para, northern Brazil in the municipalities of Belem (n = 105), Barcarena (n = 105), Bragan&#x00E7;a (n = 98) and Augusto Correa (n = 31) were invited and agreed to participate in the present investigation during the period of April 2005 to December 2006. The cities are located in the most densely populated areas in the North region as a consequence of the historical process of occupation and development of the region (<a href="#F1">Figure 1</a>)
Geographic location of cities in the state of Par&#x00E1; (PA)
The numbers indicate the cities of Bel&#x00E9;m (1)
Bel&#x00E9;m is the capital of the state of Par&#x00E1; (1,552,275 inhabitants) and
together with Barcarena (121,190 inhabitants)
is located in the metropolitan region of Bel&#x00E9;m
Bragan&#x00E7;a (125,184 inhabitants) is the main city in the Northeast area of the State together with Augusto Correa (45,435 inhabitants)
The investigation was a descriptive cross-sectional epidemiological study in which an extensive mapping of working places, sex trade venues (STV), in the cities of Bel&#x00E9;m (n = 18), Barcarena (n = 10), Bragan&#x00E7;a (n = 8) and Augusto Correa (n = 4) were plotted, and the FSWs were accessed using Time Location Sampling (TLS) (<a href="#B37">Semaan et al., 2002</a>)
Observation of these sites and reports from residents and clients provided information related to the number of FSWs at STV
days and times of increased client flow during the week
and customs and possible difficulties of access to FSWs
After the location of STVs the initial approach of the FSWs was performed during 2 days along the week
a quick lecture about the most important STIs and prevention and control methods was performed and following that FSWs were informed about the study
Those who accepted to participate signed a consent form
marital status and number of children) as well as information on sexual behavior (sexual practices
number of sexual partners per week) and drug use (illicit and licit) were provided by filling out a pre-tested standardized semi-structured questionnaire
The inclusion criteria were: sexually active women
and consent to participate (signature of the informed consent form)
The exclusion criteria were: women who were in the place of destination but were not sex workers and male and transgender sex worker
A blood sample (5 mL) was collected in a vacuum system tube with EDTA as an anticoagulant and was transported to and processed in the Laboratory of Virology of the Institute of Biological Sciences of UFPA (Bel&#x00E9;m
After blood centrifugation for 5 min at 5,000 rpm
plasma and leucocyte samples were isolated and stored at &#x2212;20&#x00B0;C prior to use
Plasma was tested for the presence of antibodies against HIV-1 (HIV-1/2 Ab-Capture ELISA Test System
United States) and HTLV-1/2 (HTLV-1/2 Ab-Capture ELISA Test System
United States) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
according to the manufacturer&#x2019;s protocol
HIV-1 infection was confirmed by Western blot (Western blot MP Diagnostics
and HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infections were confirmed using a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
Positive samples for antibodies against HIV-1 were selected for the isolation of nucleic acid using a Puregene kit (Puregene, Gentra Systems, Inc., United States) according to the manufacturer&#x2019;s instructions. DNA was used as the target for a nested PCR for amplification of 297 bp of the protease gene (codons 1-99). The primers used were DP10/DP11 (first round) and DP16/DP17 (second round) as previously described (<a href="#B23">Janini et al., 1996</a>)
The first-round PCR used 400 ng of extracted DNA
5 pmol/&#x03BC;l of each of the two external primers
United States) in a final volume of 50 &#x03BC;l
Reactions were carried out in a thermocycler (Eppendorf Scientific
followed by 35 cycles at 94&#x00B0;C (40 sec)
Five microliters of amplified product was used in the nested PCR using a set of internal primers in a final volume of 50 &#x03BC;l and using the same temperature and incubation periods that were employed in the first reaction
The PCR products (HIV-1 and HTLV-1/2) were electrophoresed on a 1.5% agarose gel (200 V
and 45 min) and purified by the QIA Quick Purification Kit (Qiagen Inc.
United States) prior to direct sequencing of the product
Each sample was sequenced twice in both directions using the ABI Prism BigDyeTM Terminator Ready Reaction Cycle Sequencing kit
United States) and ABI 3130 automated sequencer (Applied Biosystems
following the manufacturer&#x2019;s protocol
The sequences obtained in this study were deposited in GenBank (MN736950 - MN736953 and MT651208 - MT651215)
Bootstrap support was calculated based on 100 re-samplings
The fit of the final model was assessed using the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test
Statistical significance was achieved when p-value (p) &#x003C;0.05
Statistical analyses and procedures were performed using SPSS 20.0 for Windows
All procedures were performed in accordance with the guidelines and regulatory standards for research involving human subjects of the National Health Council
This study was approved by the Ethics Committee on Human Research of the Funda&#x00E7;&#x00E3;o Centro de Hemoterapia e Hematologia do Par&#x00E1; (Protocol Number 01/2005)
The demographic and epidemiological characteristics of the 339 persons involved in the investigation are shown in <a href="#T1">Table 1</a>
The mean age of the FSWs was 27.2 years old (range from 15 to 71)
a limit (&#x2265;27 years) was established to assess the association of this variable with viral infections
reported the use of condoms (59.0%) and had a mean of 9.6 clients per week
the use of non-injectable drugs was reported by some FSWs (13.0%)
Characteristics of the population sample of FSWs in four cities in the state of Par&#x00E1;
Phylogenetic tree constructed by maximum likelihood using PR sequences (297 base pairs) belonging to the HIV-1 protease region detected in female sex workers in cities of the state of Par&#x00E1;
Asterisks point to key nodes with high support (aLRT &#x2265; 0.90)
Samples from this study can be identified by city acronym [Bel&#x00E9;m (BEL) and Barcarena (BAR)] + number
Phylogenetic tree constructed by maximum likelihood using long terminal repeat (LTR) sequences (548 base pairs) belonging to the HTLV-1 detected in female sex workers in cities of the state of Par&#x00E1;
Samples from this study can be identified by city acronym [Augusto Correa (AUC)
Bivariate and multivariate analysis of factors associated with HIV and HTLV among female sex workers in the state of Par&#x00E1;
The metropolitan area of Bel&#x00E9;m and the cities of the northeast of the State have been the main areas of commerce and development in Para since the foundation of the city in 1616
there have been reports of sex trade since the 18th century as a result of the intense flow of people and products
particularly in the vicinity of the main ports of entry and exit (by horses
In spite of the importance of the population group
little information is available on FSWs in the North of Brazil and their role in the dissemination of HIV-1 and HTLV-1/2
Relevant information was collected in the present study as evidence of the absence of effective actions to diagnose and take prevention and control measures against sexually transmitted infections
The absence of strategies for health promotion among key population groups certainly aggravates the epidemiological scenario of these two viral infections in remote areas with low human development indices
there is a report of the offer of sexual services through apps and social networks
and waived condom use if the client pays more for the sexual encounter
The findings of the present study are very important to indicate: (1) the epidemiological changes occurring in the region
and (2) the lack of effective care and interventions that could have blocked the entry and spread of the virus in the community
this stresses the importance of continuous prevalence studies
which have shown a disproportionate and unprecedent expansion of the HIV-1 epidemic from the capital to the interior of the state of Par&#x00E1;
Brazil guarantees free antiretroviral treatment to all people living with HIV-1/AIDS since 2013
accordingly to the &#x201C;test and treat&#x201D; approach
the early diagnosis of HIV-1 infection in highly vulnerable population
and the administration of antiretroviral treatment
are important tools to decrease HIV-1 transmission
This is the clearest evidence that HIV is spreading in the interior of the state of Par&#x00E1; and undergoing recombination and accumulating mutations through unprotected sex
This indicates a low prevalence of co-infections among FSWs in the North region of Brazil
The risk associated with the activity and vulnerability of FSWs determines the dynamics of HIV-1 and HTLV-1/2 dissemination. Prevention and control measures, including screening, diagnosis and treatment of STI and diseases, should be offered routinely as part of a comprehensive approach to decrease the impact these retroviruses among FSWs and other relevant key population groups (<a href="#B43">World Health Organization [WHO], 2016</a>)
The historical absence of routine actions will continue to facilitate the spread of HIV-1 and HTLV-1/2 among FSWs and in the general population in the state of Par&#x00E1;
age &#x2265;27 years associated with HIV-1 infection reflects that the longer the time spent as a sex worker
the greater the risk of acquiring the virus
The lack of analysis on the long duration of prostitution is one of the limitations of this study.&#x201D;
The information obtained in a retrospective point of view is useful to clearly show the relevance of periodical surveillance using prevalence studies and molecular subtyping of HIV-1 and HTLV-1
which show the evolution of virus dissemination within a key population group in a large geographical region of Brazil that still carries the burden of limited infrastructure and access to health services
seroprevalences of HIV-1 and HTLV-1 among FSWs
were higher than what is commonly found in the general population
with a higher occurrence in the state capital
unprotected sex and use of illicit drugs have been associated with viral infections
Subtypes B and Cosmopolitan have been identified in most FSWs infected with HIV-1 and HTLV-1
This information corroborates the epidemiological status of these viruses in Brazil and indicates the urgent need for actions to control
prevent and treat these infections among FSW in northern Brazil
Neglect of these facts may be causing the spread of the two viruses and their respective subtypes in the general population
This is a warning to public health authorities of the urgent call for specific actions to prevent and control these retroviruses among FSWs
Neglecting the health promotion of key populations is significantly contributing to the dissemination of these viruses in the north of Brazil
The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found in the article/<a href="#S10">Supplementary Material</a>
The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by Ethics Committee on Human Research of the Funda&#x00E7;&#x00E3;o Centro de Hemoterapia e Hematologia do Par&#x00E1; (Protocol Number 01/2005)
The patients/participants provided their written informed consent to participate in this study
and RSF: standard operating protocol development
This study was funded by Coordena&#x00E7;&#x00E3;o de Aperfei&#x00E7;oamento de Pessoal de Ni&#x00EC;vel Superior (CAPES)
Ministry of Education &#x2013; Brazil&#x2013; Grant code 001 and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient&#x00ED;fico e Tecnol&#x00F3;gico (CNPq)
Publication of the article was supported by Public Notice PAPQ
PROPESP/FADESP of the Federal University of Para&#x00EC;
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest
We acknowledge all subjects enrolled in this study and the Federal University of Par&#x00E1;
The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at: <a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2020.602664/full#supplementary-material">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2020.602664/full#supplementary-material</a>
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Ishak R and Machado LFA (2020) Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 and HTLV-1/2 Among Female Sex Workers in Four Cities in the State of Para
Copyright &#x00A9; 2020 Souza, Pereira, Silva, Sales, Gardunho, Monteiro, Siravenha, Luz, Fonseca, Oliveira-Filho, Ishak, Ishak and Machado. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY)</a>
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*Correspondence: Luiz Fernando Almeida Machado, <a id="encmail">bGZhbUB1ZnBhLmJy</a>
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</a>Schematic depiction of the MEF procedure
Left panel shows a genus abundances per site and a functional trait matrix per genus
Middle and right panel show different scenarios of neutral and deterministic dynamics under infinite or limited migration
Figure was custom made using Adobe Illustrator (Adobe Inc.
hybrid model and the remaining unexplained information for each separate forest type
Abbreviations indicate different types: igapó (IG)
Boxplots show median value of pure effects over all samples
with lower and upper hinges corresponding to 25th and 75th percentiles
Whiskers extends from hinge to largest or smallest value no further than 1.5 * IQR from hinge
Points beyond this range are plotted individually and only positive values were plotted
A number of functional traits associated with low nutrient conditions (e.g
ectomycorrhiza) and life history strategies suited for protection against herbivores (e.g
resin and high leaf C content) were clearly positively associated with abundance in nutrient poor environments (podzols)
having fleshy fruits and high leaf N and P content were clearly negatively associated with abundance on these soils
Nodulation was also negatively associated with abundance on poor soils
The ability to accumulate aluminium was positively associated with abundance on those soils commonly associated with higher aluminium content such as igapó (strong positive effects)
it was strongly negatively associated with abundance on other soils
with negative lambda values for podzol and várzea forests
Traits such as SLA or winged fruits also showed patterns dependent on forest type
Despite showing clear patterns in environmental selection and dispersal effects
there was a large proportion of information left unexplained (44% on average)
local demographic stochasticity could weaken any link between functional traits measured and regional abundances of genera
mean that almost half of the information contained in relative abundances are the result of random population dynamics and are not structurally governed
this could be due to functional traits reflective of processes not taken into account in this study
such as traits reflective of interactions between trophic levels (e.g
traits influencing specific plant-pathogen interactions)
Another and at least equally likely hypothesis for (local) unexplained information is that when scaling up
the ratio of genus richness to total abundance decreases rapidly initially but stabilizes again as relatively non-overlapping habitats are included in the regional abundance distributions and more genera are included again due to the different habitats
This would result in a change of the regional abundance distribution (i.e
the prior) to which each local community is compared
resulting in higher local unexplained information
Further study into these aspects could provide additional insight
though the data necessary for these scales is lacking for Amazonian trees
Using an unprecedented scale of data and applying the Maximum Entropy Formalism from information theory we show that constraints formed by regional relative abundances of genera explain eight times more of local relative abundances then constraints based on directional selection for specific functional traits
although the latter does show clear signals of environmental dependency
still much to be explored due to the large unexplained effects and analyses on finer taxonomic (i.e
microhabitat) scales could resolve these issues
The relatively large effects of the regional pool of genera over great distances does suggest an important role for long term dispersal and mixing of Amazonian trees
Data was rarefied to smallest sample size (swamp forests; 28) and calculations bootstrapped 25 times
Results indicated no significant change compared to using all data
hence the total dataset was used for all analyses
Positive values indicate larger trait values associated with higher abundances (positive selection)
negative values indicate the opposite (negative selection) with changes proportional to lambda
Values approximating zero indicate no association between specific traits and relative abundances of species
Decomposing λjk and comparing by means of a One-Way Analysis of Variance for each trait separately between forest types allows studying both the strength and direction of selection in different habitats
Note that this is done for the same constraint between forest types
as lambda values for each constraint do not scale linearly between different constraints
A list of all packages used in R in addition to those preloaded can be found in the supplementary online material (SA2)
R scripts are available on the github repository of E.T
The data that support the findings of this study are available from The Amazon Tree Diversity Network (ATDN) upon reasonable request
Niche and neutral models predict asymptotically equivalent species abundance distributions in high-diversity ecological communities
and community structure: A stochastic theory of resource competition
Maximum Entropy and Ecology: A Theory of Abundance
The Amazon Tree Diversity Network, <a href="http://atdn.myspecies.info/" data-track="click_references" data-track-action="external reference" data-track-value="external reference" data-track-label="http://atdn.myspecies.info/">http://atdn.myspecies.info/</a>
The global spectrum of plant form and function
Information theory and statistical mechanics I
Information theory and statistical mechanics
Measuring and interpreting trait-based selection versus meta-community effects during local community assembly
Quantifying the importance of local niche-based and stochastic processes to tropical tree community assembly
What makes trait-abundance relationships when both environmental filtering and stochastic neutral dynamics are at play?
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Hyperdominance in the amazonian tree flora
Biased-corrected richness estimates for the amazonian tree Flora
Version Number Unknown Due to Lack of Release-History
The taxonomic name resolution service: An online tool for automated standardization of plant names
edaphic and structural characteristics of flooded and unflooded forests in the lower rio purús region of Central Amazonia
Towards a worldwide wood economics spectrum
Functional traits and niche-based tree community assembly in an amazonian forest
Basin-wide variations in foliar properties of amazonian forest: Phylogeny
Decoupled leaf and stem economics in rain forest trees
stem and root tissue strategies across 758 neotropical tree species
Functional traits of individual trees reveal ecological constraints on community assembly in tropical rain forests
Coordination of physiological and structural traits in amazon forest trees
Phytomass and Mineral Content in Untouched Forest
Ecological studies on a lowland evergreen rain forest on Maraca Island
Symbiotic nitrogen fixation in a tropical rainforest: 15N natural abundance measurements supported by experimental isotopic enrichment
The relationship between seed size and establishment conditions in tropical woody plants
and disturbance in tropical rain forest in Guyana
Evolution of ectomycorrhizal symbiosis in plants
Angiosperm phylogeny inferred from multiple genes as a tool for comparative biology
A comparative study of metal levels in leaves of some Al-accumulating Rubiaceae
Aluminium accumulation in leaves of 127 species in Melastomataceae
Quantifying relationships between traits and explicitly measured gradients of stress and disturbance in early successional plant communities
Mice: Multivariate imputation by chained equations in R
On testing predictions of species relative abundance from maximum entropy optimisation
An R-squared measure of goodness of fit for some common nonlinear regression models
Quantifying trait selection driving community assembly: A test in herbaceous plant communities under contrasted land use regimes
R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing
Challenging theophrastus: A common core list of plant traits for functional ecology
Leaf traits and herbivory rates of tropical tree species differing in successional status
Macroevolution of plant defense strategies
Nitrogen fixation in legume and non-legume trees
How metal-tolerant ecotypes of ectomycorrhizal fungi protect plants from heavy metal pollution
A Glance into aluminum toxicity and resistance in plants
<a data-track="click" data-track-action="download citation references" data-track-label="link" rel="nofollow" href="https://citation-needed.springer.com/v2/references/10.1038/s41598-023-28132-y?format=refman&amp;flavour=references">Download references</a>
This paper is the result of the work of hundreds of different scientists and research institutions in the Amazon over the past 80 years
Without their hard work this analysis would have been impossible
The 25-ha Long-Term Ecological Research Project of Amacayacu is a collaborative project of the Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas Sinchi and the Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Medellín
in partnership with the Unidad de Manejo Especial de Parques Naturales Nacionales and the Center for Tropical Forest Science of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (CTFS)
The Amacayacu Forest Dynamics Plot is part of the Center for Tropical Forest Science
a global network of large-scale demographic tree plots
We acknowledge the Director and staff of the Amacayacu National Park for supporting and maintaining the project in this National Park
Bill Shipley and the anonymous reviewers for their constructive feedback during the review process
HtS and RS were supported by grant 407232/2013-3 – PVE - MEC/MCTI/CAPES/CNPq/FAPs; CB was supported by grant FAPESP 95/3058-0 - CRS 068/96 WWF Brasil - The Body Shop; DS
PP and JC benefited from an “Investissement d’Avenir” grant managed by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (CEBA: ANR-10-LABX-25-01); HLQ/MAP/JLLM received financial supported by MCT/CNPq/CT-INFRA/GEOMA #550373/2010-1 and # 457515/2012-0
and JLLM were supported by grant CAPES/PDSE # 88881.135761/2016-01 and CAPES/Fapespa #1530801; The Brazilian National Research Council (CNPq) provided a productivity grant to EMV (Grant 308040/2017-1); Floristic identification in plots in the RAINFOR forest monitoring network have been supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (grants NE/B503384/1
NE/D005590/1 and NE/I028122/1) and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; B.M.F
BHMJ and OLP were supported by grants CNPq/CAPES/FAPS/BC-Newton Fund #441244/2016-5 and FAPEMAT/0589267/2016; TWH was funded by National Science Foundation grant DEB-1556338
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
Ires Paula de Andrade Miranda &amp; Cid Ferreira
Programa Professor Visitante Nacional Sênior Na Amazônia - CAPES
Leandro Valle Ferreira &amp; Dário Dantas do Amaral
EMBRAPA – Centro de Pesquisa Agroflorestal de Roraima
Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Amapá - IEPA
Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim &amp; José Renan da Silva Guimarães
Dairon Cárdenas López &amp; Nicolás Castaño Arboleda
Fernanda Antunes Carvalho &amp; Fernanda Coelho de Souza
Florian Wittmann &amp; John Ethan Householder
Bianca Weiss Albuquerque &amp; Maira Rocha
Rodolfo Vasquez &amp; Luis Valenzuela Gamarra
Larissa Cavalheiro &amp; Márcia Cléia Vilela dos Santos
Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP – Instituto de Biociências – IB
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais – INPE
Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco
Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco &amp; William Farfan-Rios
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
Programa de Pós- Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia PPG- Bionorte
Susamar Pansini &amp; Adeilza Felipe Sampaio
Department of Biology and Florida Museum of Natural History
Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science and College of Science and Engineering
Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP)
Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal
Juan Carlos Montero &amp; Juan Carlos Licona
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação
College of Life and Environmental Sciences
Alvaro Duque &amp; Ligia Estela Urrego Giraldo
International Center for Tropical Botany (ICTB) Department of Biological Sciences
Centro de Investigaciones Ecológicas de Guayana
Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana
Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia
Marcelo Brilhante de Medeiros &amp; Marcelo Fragomeni Simon
Projeto Dinâmica Biológica de Fragmentos Florestais
Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis da Amazônia (EDTA)
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Saúde
Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá
Instituto de Biociências – Department of Botanica
Laboratorio de Ecología de Bosques Tropicales y Primatología
Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biologia (Botânica)
Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics
Center for Conservation and Sustainability
Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute
Francisco Dallmeier &amp; Reynaldo Linares-Palomino
José Julio de Toledo &amp; Renato Richard Hilário
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
Peruvian Center for Biodiversity and Conservation (PCBC)
Rainiellen de Sá Carpanedo &amp; Domingos de Jesus Rodrigues
Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group
Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado
Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária
Marcelino Carneiro Guedes &amp; Janaina Barbosa Pedrosa Costa
Grupo de Ecología y Conservación de Fauna y Flora Silvestre
Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Imani
Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Amazonia
Direccíon de Evaluación Forestal y de Fauna Silvestre
Escuela de Biología Herbario Alfredo Paredes
Museu Universitário / Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza / Laboratório de Botânica e Ecologia Vegetal
Institute of Biological and Health Sciences
Iwokrama International Centre for Rain Forest Conservation and Development
George Pepe Gallardo Gonzales &amp; Linder Felipe Mozombite Pinto
Center for Conservation and Sustainable Development
Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique
Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales-COCIBA and Galapagos Institute for the Arts and Sciences-GAIAS
Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
Muséum National d’histoire Naturelle de Paris
Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals
Oxford University Centre for the Environment
Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Forestal
Universidad Autónoma del Beni José Ballivián
Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas - IVIC
School of Agriculture and Food Sciences - ARC Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions CEED
Instituto de Investigaciones Para el Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR)
Emilio Vilanova Torre &amp; Armando Torres-Lezama
Universidade Federal do Amazonas - UFAM – Instituto de Ciências Biológicas – ICB1
School of Environmental and Forest Sciences
Ministry of Agro-Industry and Food Security
Manejo Forestal en Las Tierras Tropicales de Bolivia
Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana
performed analyses and took the lead in writing the manuscript
supervised the writing and provided regular feedback both for the manuscript and the interpretation of the results
All other authors provided feedback on the manuscript and provided their data from the Amazon Tree Diversity Network or trait data
provided both tree inventory and functional trait data
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-28132-y
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Inter are without Lautaro Martinez and Hakan Calhanoglu
so start Marcus Thuram and Joaquin Correa for the trip to Verona
It kicks off at <a href="https://www.legaseriea.it/it/match/2024-25aunicouni13verint" target="_blank" rel="noopener">the Stadio Bentegodi</a> at 14.00 GMT
<a href="https://football-italia.net/serie-a-live-inter-milan-juventus-atalanta/">You can follow all the build-up and action as it happens from this game, Milan-Juventus and Parma-Atalanta on the Liveblog.</a>
The Nerazzurri return from the break for international duty with quite a few problems for coach Simone Inzaghi to deal with
Calhanoglu irritated his existing thigh issue playing for Turkey and Lautaro Martinez returned home this morning <a href="https://football-italia.net/lautaro-martinez-out-inter-verona/">after coming down with flu symptoms</a>, so they are not even on the bench.
Instead, Correa partners Thuram upfront, with Kristjan Asllani and returning Carlos Augusto stepping into the midfield.
Casper Tengstedt of Hellas Verona celebrates during the Italian Serie A soccer match Hellas Verona vs Venezia at Marcantonio Bentegodi stadium in Verona, Italy, 04 October 2024. EPA-EFE/Emanuele PennnacchioVerona are a tough team to predict, because they have beaten Napoli here 3-0 and Roma 3-2, but also lost eight games and haven’t drawn any this season.
Ondrej Duda is out for a month with a thigh strain, joining Diego Coppola, Juan Manuel Cruz and Martin Frese on the treatment table.
The good news is the return of Pawel Dawidowicz in defence, with Reda Belahyane in midfield.
Verona: Montipò; Daniliuc, Magnani, Dawidowicz; Tchatchoua, Serdar, Belahyane, Harroui, Bradaric; Tengstedt, Mosquera
Inter: Sommer; Bisseck, Acerbi, Bastoni; Darmian, Barella, Asllani, Mkhitaryan, Carlos Augusto; Correa, M Thuram
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Volume 4 - 2024 | <a class="ArticleLayoutHeader__info__doi" href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fbinf.2024.1328714">https://doi.org/10.3389/fbinf.2024.1328714</a>
the interdisciplinary field that combines biology
plays a pivotal role in advancing our understanding of life sciences
where the diversity of biological resources and healthcare challenges is substantial
fostering bioinformatics literacy and proficiency among students is important
This perspective provides an overview of the state of bioinformatics literacy among African students
and potential solutions in addressing this critical educational gap
It proposes various strategies to enhance bioinformatics literacy among African students
These include expanding educational resources
fostering collaboration between institutions
and engaging students in research projects
By addressing the current challenges and implementing comprehensive strategies
African students can harness the power of bioinformatics to contribute to innovative solutions in healthcare
ultimately advancing the continent&#x02019;s scientific capabilities and improving the quality of life for her people
promoting bioinformatics literacy among African students is imperative for the continent&#x02019;s scientific development and advancing frontiers of biological research
African countries are characterized by a rich biodiversity and a diverse range of health-related issues, thus, making bioinformatics an essential tool for research and development (<a href="#B14">Karikari, 2015</a>; <a href="#B30">Wonkam, 2021</a>)
and opportunities for training and research in bioinformatics can hinder African students from fully harnessing the potential of this field
This topic is of importance as it not only addresses a knowledge gap but also has significant implications for the future of science and technology on the continent
Developing bioinformatics literacy among African students can contribute to advancements in healthcare
ultimately helping to address some of the pressing challenges faced by African countries
we explore the current state of bioinformatics literacy among African students
and international collaborations in promoting bioinformatics literacy in Africa
we discuss the efforts that Noblekinmat Ltd-an impact development organization with the mandate of bioinformatics training and consultancy in Africa
has been making to improve bioinformatics education and research on the continent
The current state of bioinformatics literacy among African students reflects both opportunities and challenges
While there have been significant efforts to promote bioinformatics education and research on the continent
there are still notable gaps in terms of access to resources and training
Downloading large data sets and accessing free online courses or tutorials which are essential for bioinformatics education also becomes a problem when engaging in bioinformatics training
This is further compounded by the epileptic power supply in most parts of the continent
As an impact development company with the mandate of providing top-tier bioinformatics training and consultancy services in Africa, NOBLEKINMAT LTD. has been organizing several bioinformatics trainings in which the authors have been resource persons at trainings, seminars, and webinars in different aspects of bioinformatics (<a href="#T1">Table 1</a>)
low-performance computers (based on most student&#x02019;s budgets)
and unstable power supply are the main impediments to getting lots of students on board for most of the training
It also becomes a herculean task to retain lots of those who have been trained previously
it becomes a perennial problem if the impending challenges are not addressed
Summary of bioinformatics training organized by NOBLEKINMAT Ltd
The responses were an indication of the success of the program
Responses of participants when asked how happy they were with the (A) Length (B) Modules (C) Balance of presentations
and (E) if they would recommend the workshop to their colleagues
Furthermore, the African Society of Human Genetics (AfSHG) as well as the African Society for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology have been contributing to expanding the bioinformatics capacity on the continent through trainings and Omics Codeathon (<a href="#B6">ASBCB, 2023</a>) aimed at students and researchers from the continent
The provision of bioinformatics infrastructure in universities can be facilitated by governmental bodies and funding agencies
The African continent is currently experiencing a dearth of proficient bioinformatics trainers and researchers (<a href="#B21">Nembaware and Mulder, 2019</a>). The insufficiency of qualified personnel poses a constraint on the accessibility of bioinformatics courses and the provision of guidance to students (<a href="#B9">Giovanni et al., 2023</a>)
A potential solution to this issue is to facilitate faculty exchange programs and training initiatives
whereby seasoned bioinformaticians from different geographical locations can conduct workshops and training sessions at African universities
This can be augmented by online courses and resources that are available to a wider demographic
The establishment of regional and international collaborations can facilitate the exchange of knowledge and the development of capacity
The accessibility and quality of data are fundamental aspects of conducting bioinformatics research, particularly in the biological domain (<a href="#B4">Anderson et al., 2007</a>). Notwithstanding, data accessibility and quality in certain African nations may be restricted due to factors such as data-sharing policies, data management practices, and insufficient research funding (<a href="#B11">Hamdi et al., 2021</a>)
The promotion of open data-sharing policies
and provision of support for local data generation initiatives can contribute to the enhancement of data accessibility and quality
it is recommended to provide competitive salaries and better incentives
and recognition for contributions made within the continent can incentivize professionals to stay and contribute to the local bioinformatics landscape
Establishing research networks and encouraging collaborations between African research institutions can facilitate knowledge exchange, skills development, and resource-sharing. Africa Biogenome project is another key example of this (<a href="#B7">Ebenezer et al., 2022</a>). The roles of policy and government support are also key in transforming bioinformatics education in the continent (<a href="#B11">Hamdi et al., 2021</a>)
By implementing policies that prioritize research and innovation
allocate sufficient funds to support scientific endeavours
and offer incentives for professionals to stay and contribute
there is a growing recognition of the importance of bioinformatics in Africa
and the emergence of training programs are positive signs that are contributing to improved bioinformatics literacy among African students
sustained efforts and investments are needed to ensure that students across the continent can fully harness the potential of this field
Bioinformatics holds a lot of potential to transform different sectors of the African landscape. The agricultural sector, for example holds significant importance in numerous African nations. The field of bioinformatics has the potential to contribute significantly to the enhancement of crops, the development of disease-resistant varieties, and the improvement of livestock breeding programs (<a href="#B31">Xue et al., 2008</a>; <a href="#B29">Weckwerth, 2011</a>)
The incorporation of bioinformatics into agricultural research by African universities has the potential to bolster food security
Africa is renowned for its abundant biodiversity, encompassing a variety of ecosystems, fauna, and flora. The continent is blessed with a wide range of plant and animal species (<a href="#B7">Ebenezer et al., 2022</a>)
The field of bioinformatics has the potential to aid in the comprehension and preservation of this distinct biodiversity
African academic institutions possessing bioinformatics proficiency have the potential to make valuable contributions to the domains of conservation
International collaborations and knowledge exchange are essential for the advancement of bioinformatics, which is a field with a global reach (<a href="#B11">Hamdi et al., 2021</a>; <a href="#B23">Owolabi et al., 2023</a>). African universities that possess bioinformatics proficiency have the potential to engage in international partnerships, exchange knowledge and information, and make valuable contributions to worldwide scientific pursuits (<a href="#B28">TastanBishop et al., 2015</a>)
This initiative fosters the incorporation of African perspectives into global bioinformatics research
while also promoting inclusivity and diversity
The optimal path to progress entails a multifaceted strategy that encompasses the participation of various stakeholders
Through the adoption of strategic initiatives aimed at addressing these challenges
African universities can enhance bioinformatics literacy and make significant contributions to the progress of genomics
the significance of bioinformatics proficiency in African educational institutions lies in its potential to propel progress in various domains such as biomedical research
it would confer authority to African researchers
it would foster progress in scientific research to tackle challenges specific to the region in healthcare
The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/Supplementary material
further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding authors
The author(s) declare that no financial support was received for the research
Authors MH was employed by Green Climate Fund
The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations
Any product that may be evaluated in this article
or claim that may be made by its manufacturer
is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher
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Raheem K and Hwang UW (2024) Bioinformatics proficiency among African students
Received: 27 October 2023; Accepted: 25 January 2024;Published: 20 June 2024
Copyright &#x000a9; 2024 Akintola, Aborode, Hamza, Amakiri, Moore, Abdulai, Iyiola, Sulaimon, Effiong, Ogunyemi, Dosunmu, Maigoro, Lawal, Raheem and Hwang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).</a> The use
&#x0002a;Correspondence: Ashraf Akintayo Akintola, <a id="encmail">YXNocmFmLmFraW50b2xhQGdtYWlsLmNvbQ==</a>
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This article is part of the Research TopicOriginal Strategies for Training and Educational Initiatives in Bioinformatics<a class="Link Link--linkType Link--maincolor Link--medium Link--icon Link--chevronRight Link--right" aria-label="View all 14 articles" href="https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/17876/original-strategies-for-training-and-educational-initiatives-in-bioinformatics/articles" target="_self" data-event="customLink-linkType-a_viewAll14Articles">View all 14 articles</a>
We were dealing with enzyme kinetics graphs in biochemistry
but not once did we touch &#x0201c;big data&#x0201d;&#x02013;with exception to some of our friends who were brave enough to enroll into a biostatistics class as an elective
some had an opportunity to take bioinformatics courses such as computational biology
we discuss our opinions and experiences regarding the inclusion of bioinformatics early in undergraduate life science curricula at Kean University
and mutations in a gene can be incorporated into class exercises thanks to easily accessible and free online databases and publications
The activities cited are published online as Open Education Resources to help promote our teaching philosophy surrounding bioinformatics
For students interested in developing more skills in computational biology
we have developed a minor in Bioinformatics which includes an advanced course on biostatistics and a set of courses on basic computer programming that would count as free electives
This minor works for students majoring in computer sciences or informational technology as well; such students are required to have passed two semesters of general biology and genetics in addition to bioinformatics and statistics
the feasibility and success of the workshop supports our opinion that early exposure to bioinformatics course material should be a strategy integrated into biology curricula and can be accomplished by including more background information into the course design rather than relying on mandatory pre-requisite courses
which should help alleviate overly full curricula issues
Our goal is to promote and teach computational skills as early as possible so that students become comfortable with topics such as &#x0201c;How do I analyze data?&#x0201d; &#x0201c;When do I do a certain statistical test?&#x0201d; &#x0201c;What does the p-value actually mean?&#x0201d; In our opinion
biology students learning computer skills from other biologists helps students embrace quantitative biology without fear of overwhelming complex equations and computational algorithms
Introduction of computational skills in the biology curriculum
providing an early opportunity for students to get involved with computational biology spikes their interest to continue to more advanced independent research projects
such training would have a huge impact on our society
As documented with COVID-19 analyses we discussed above
scientific data can be misrepresented very easily
leading towards rapid spread of misinformation and poor policy choices
The more specialists that receive training in data analysis and data interpretation
regardless of their specialized background
perhaps general education courses on data analysis and data interpretation can be designed and made a requirement for all student majors
Both MS and MN contributed equally to writing the manuscript
The authors declare that the work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest
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Citation: Niepielko MG and Shumskaya M (2021) Early Requirement for Bioinformatics in Undergraduate Biology Curricula
Received: 21 January 2021; Accepted: 08 April 2021;Published: 23 April 2021
Copyright &#x000a9; 2021 Niepielko and Shumskaya. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).</a> The use
&#x0002a;Correspondence: Maria Shumskaya, <a id="encmail">bXNodW1za2FAa2Vhbi5lZHU=</a>
The Brazilian telenovela premiered on July 19 on Imagen Television
a historical drama that was a hit in countries including Bolivia
The production will premiere in Imagen Televisión channel on July 19
and it is likely to lure the Mexican audience to a plot about a huge love story
The telenovela A Time to Love is a historical drama aligned with current society trend
the telenovela approaches the power of love and its common thread is the relationship of Maria Vitória (Vitória Strada) and Inácio (Bruno Cabrerizo)
despite the changes that happened all around the world upon World War One end
She is the daughter of the influential wine and olive oil producer José Augusto Correia Guedes (Tony Ramos)
who owns the famous Quinta da Carrasqueira
that lives with aunt Henriqueta (Nívea Maria)
including grape harvesting and lives a calm life
Inácio is in love and will spare no efforts to struggle for Maria Vitória´s live
even with all the hindrances they will face from now on
Alcides Nogueira´s story is based on an original story by Rubem Fonseca
and it was written in a partnership with Bia Corrêa do Lago
The writer is acknowledged for his detective novels
it was a love story within his family that made him write the story in a partnership with his daughter
A Time to Love role players´ saga is inspired by the writer´s grandmother true story
who left Portugal and left her little daughter – Rubem´s mother – with her parents to find the love of her life
&#8220;A Time to Love is a classic telenovela
&#8220;The telenovela is about the power of love
ShareSave<a class="isDg-4PG _2XNbdi6I" href="https://www.forbes.com/lists/" data-ga-track="breadcrumb-L2">Lists</a>The Complete List Of The 150 Richest People In BrazilBy<a class="_4tin10wS YbfXuVMn" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/andersonantunes/" rel="noreferrer" target="_self">Anderson Antunes</a>
who was once the 7th richest man in the world
had already started to see his house of cards-like commodities empire fall drastically after his oil company
OGX (now OGPar) failed to supply the amount of oil promised to investors
That ultimately lead to a rapid dumping of the company&#x27;s shares
he could get up to 10 years in jail for each of the three offenses
featuring beer baron Jorge PauloLemann (Courtesy of Forbes Brasil)
But the wheel of fortune is spinning more quickly than ever in Brazil
another 20 Brazilians made this year&#x27;s FORBES Brasil list
as they&#x27;ve seen their net worths swell above R$ 1 billion ($427 million)
Twelve of them are members of some of the richest families in Brazil
whose fortunes have been split and listed separately this year
About a half of them are listed as billionaires by FORBES
which only takes into account individual fortunes of $1 billion of higher
The Forbes Brasil list counts billionaires in the local currency
so anyone with R$1 billion makes that list
Beer baron Jorge Paulo Lemann is still the richest person in Brazil
with a net worth pegged by FORBES Brasil at R$49.85 billion ($21.27 billion)
The bulk of Lemann&#x27;s net worth comes from his investments abroad
especially from companies like beer giant Anheuser Busch-InBev
The Marinho brothers -- Roberto Irineu Marinho, Joao Roberto Marinho and Jose Roberto Marinho -- also kept their title as Brazil&#x27;s <a href="http://www.forbes.com/sites/andersonantunes/2014/05/13/the-15-richest-families-in-brazil/" target="_self" data-ga-track="InternalLink:http://www.forbes.com/sites/andersonantunes/2014/05/13/the-15-richest-families-in-brazil/" aria-label="richest family">richest family</a>
with a combined net worth of R$ 47.65 ($20.33 billion)
The Marinhos share the control of Latin America&#x27;s largest media empire
which was founded in 1925 by their grandfather Irineu Marinho but built into what it is today by their father
FORBES Brasil&#x27;s methodology to compile its list of the richest Brazilians consists of estimates that take into account the stock prices of listed companies or
in the case of privately held corporations
valuations based on revenues or profits coupled with price-to-revenues or price-to-earnings ratios of similar public companies
although some people do provide private balance sheet information
which helps make the list the most precise and realistic analysis of Brazil&#x27;s richest people
Following is the full list of The 150 Richest Brazilians
according to FORBES Brasil (net worths were converted to US dollars from Brazilian reals based on currency exchange rates from Wednesday September 17; US$ 1 = R$ 2.34):
Marcelo Bahia Odebrecht &amp; family (construction
Jose Batista Sobrinho &amp; family (beef processing)
Francisco Ivens de Sa Dias Branco (food industry)
16. Antonio Ermirio de Moraes (diversified), R$ 8.39 billion (<a href="http://www.forbes.com/sites/andersonantunes/2014/08/25/brazils-antonio-ermirio-de-moraes-one-of-forbes-original-billionaires-dead-at-86/" target="_self" data-ga-track="InternalLink:http://www.forbes.com/sites/andersonantunes/2014/08/25/brazils-antonio-ermirio-de-moraes-one-of-forbes-original-billionaires-dead-at-86/" aria-label="died recently">died recently</a>) ($3.58 billion)
Maria Helena Moraes Scripilliti (diversified)
David Feffer &amp; family (pulp and paper)
Regina de Camargo Pires Oliveira Dias (construction)
Renata de Camargo Nascimento (construction)
Rossana Camargo de Arruda Botelho (construction)
Cesar Beltrao de Almeida &amp; family (construction
33. <a href="http://www.forbes.com/profile/sergio-lins-andrade/" target="_self" data-ga-track="InternalLink:http://www.forbes.com/profile/sergio-lins-andrade/" aria-label="Sergio Lins Andrade">Sergio Lins Andrade</a> (diversified)
Bernardo Gradin &amp; family (construction
Ana Maria Marcondes Penido Sant&#x27;Anna (toll roads)
Lilian Werninghaus &amp; family (industrial machinery)
Ana Maria Levy Villela Igel &amp; family (gas
Dulce Pugliese de Godoy Bueno (healthcare)
47. <a href="http://www.forbes.com/profile/jose-isaac-peres/" target="_self" data-ga-track="InternalLink:http://www.forbes.com/profile/jose-isaac-peres/" aria-label="Jose Isaac Perez &amp; family">Jose Isaac Perez &amp; family</a> (shopping malls)
Marco Antonio Laffranchi &amp; Elisabeth Laffranchi (education)
Flavio Pentagna Guimaraes &amp; family (banking)
Adriano &amp; Alexandre Schincariol (beer)
Joao Alves de Queiroz Filho (consumer goods)
Alfredo Egydio Arruda Villela Filho (banking)
Ana Lucia de Mattos Barretto Villela (banking)
Jose Roberto Ermirio de Moraes (diversified)
Carlos Francisco Ribeiro Jereissati &amp; family (telecommunications
Rubens Menin Teixeira de Souza (construction)
Ricardo Brennand &amp; family (diversified)
72. <a href="http://www.forbes.com/profile/giancarlo-franceso-civita/" target="_self" data-ga-track="InternalLink:http://www.forbes.com/profile/giancarlo-franceso-civita/" aria-label="Giancarlo Francesco Civita">Giancarlo Francesco Civita</a> (media)
Angela Gutierrez &amp; family (diversified)
Constantino de Oliveira Junior &amp; family (aviation)
Jose Mendes Nogueira &amp; family (mining)
80. <a href="http://www.forbes.com/profile/itamar-locks/" target="_self" data-ga-track="InternalLink:http://www.forbes.com/profile/itamar-locks/" aria-label="Itamar Locks">Itamar Locks</a> (agribusiness)
Jorge Gerday Johannpeter &amp; family (steel)
Francisco Deusmar de Queiros &amp; family (pharmacies)
Hugo de Carvalho Ribeiro &amp; family (agribusiness)
Paulo Roberto Godoy Pereira &amp; family (infrastructure
Rosa Evangelina Marcondes Penido Dalla Vecchia (toll roads)
Ernesto Zarzur &amp; family (construction)
Gilberto Schincariol Junior &amp; family (beer)
Roberto de Rezende Barbosa &amp; family (sugar
Antonio de Queiroz Galvao &amp; family (diversified)
Mitsuo Matsunaga &amp; family (food industry)
Ernesto Correa da Silva Filho &amp; family (diversified)
Salo Davi &amp; Helio Seibel (wood industry)
Jose Bezerra de Menezes Neto &amp; family (banking)
Marcelo Henrique Limirio Goncalves &amp; family (pharmaceuticals)
Eduardo &amp; Jorge Luiz Silva Logemann (agribusiness)
Fabio Chimenti Auriemo &amp; Jose Auriemo Neto (real estate)
Luiza Helena Trajano Inacio Rodrigues &amp; family (retail)
Antonio &amp; Flavio Brandao Resende (car rental)
Olavo Monteiro de Carvalho &amp; family (diversified)
Horacio Lafer Piva &amp; family (pulp and paper)
Armando Klabin &amp; family (pulp and paper)
Patrick Larragoiti &amp; family (insurance)
Marcos Molina dos Santos &amp; Marcia dos Santos (meat processing)
Carlos Pires de Oliveira Dias (pharmacies)
Everardo Ferreira Telles &amp; family (consumer goods)
Eugenio Mattar &amp; Jose Salim Mattar Junior (car rental)
Antonio Carlos Pipponzi &amp; family (pharmacies)
Luiz Eduardo Traquinio Monteiro da Costa &amp; family (beverages)
Paulo Sergio Macedo &amp; family (security)
Positicipo di lusso all&#39;Olimpico per un attesissimo luned&igrave; sera: Lazio-Inter &egrave; partita d&#39;altissima classifica
I biancocelesti sono reduci d ottime prove
come il doppio successo sul Napoli e la vittoria di pregio in casa dell&#39;Ajax
mentre i nerazzurri hanno una grande voglia di cancellare il passo falso di Leverkusen riallineando i pianeti in campionato
QUI LAZIO &ndash;&nbsp;I dubbi della vigilia per Baroni sono quelli relativi a Vecino e Romagnoli: entrambi dovrebbero essere recuperati
ma lasciati almeno inizialmente in panchina
Si va verso la conferma dell&#39;ormai solito 4-2-3-1
privo per&ograve; dello squalificato Castellanos: Dia e Pedro (favorito) si giocano una maglia per far coppia con Noslin
QUI INTER &ndash;&nbsp;Inzaghi non recupera nessuno degli acciaccati e continua ad avere la coperta corta in difesa: scelte obbligate
con Bisseck (che ha vinto il ballottaggio con Darmian)
i cambi saranno ben cinque: tornano dal 1&#39; i vari Dumfries
Il Toro far&agrave; coppia con Thuram con l&#39;obiettivo di confermare le buone impressioni delle ultime uscite
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