Outside his house by the Sao Francisco river Emanoel de Souza toys with the skin of a caiman he hunted a month earlier You leave a cow's heart on a hook by the river and by morning a caiman will have bitten," he smiles The meat makes for a good meal and the skin provides an amusing decoration But Mr de Souza gets much more than caimans from the Sao Francisco The river also provides water for him to farm fish and rice The profits of the last harvest alone paid for a new motorbike Raquel Torres has lost a crop of beans and maize due to lack of rain There is no irrigation here," she says cooking and washing arrives every few weeks by lorry Like many residents of Brazil's dry north-east she knows that water can be the scarcest commodity The national government's solution is to divert part of the Sao Francisco - the only major river that starts and finishes in Brazil - through the sertao will deliver water to cities and to agriculture The basic idea is not new - it has been mooted for centuries and seriously mulled over for decades - but its implementation is Works began in 2009 and are scheduled for completion in 2025 the project will benefit more than 12 million "people who are thirsty" Looking over the potentially fertile soils of the sertao under the intense sun locals are prone to echo a single sentiment: all that is lacking is water has become one of Brazil's leading producers of fruit for export it is the only place in the world where grapes can be harvested twice a year Environmentalists say the Sao Francisco is already overused threatens the river's capacity to generate the North East's hydroelectricity "The diversion won't resolve the water supply problem of the most-at-need people in the sertao because they are geographically so spread out," argues Joao Suassuna won't be able to supply the volumes of water necessary to ensure the viability of the venture." which concluded that reservoirs and rainfall could supply three times as many people as the diversion Both supporters and opponents of the diversion project agree that The diversion project is as much political as it is agronomical it is his chance to show his commitment to his native north-east it promises enormous investment: at 6.6bn reais ($3.7bn) the biggest single project of the current government such political considerations have meant inefficiency "The government chose the more expensive project [the diversion] just so that more resources could be dedicated to the north-east," he says But others see it as a blow for the north-east against the richer we are like what Brazilians are for Americans: third-class We are profoundly discriminated against," says Eudes Caldas where the diversion works are taking place he is all too familiar with its stalled economic progress He did not see a car until he was 18; now a stream of construction trucks rolls by just a few blocks away "I'm in favour of the diversion," he says the young people were getting into drugs." doubts often lie about the details of the diversion You're left in doubt," says Raquel Torres Even Mayor Caldas complains that the federal government should do more for his town arguing that a 5km stretch of land expropriated by the government could be handed over to local producers What is clear is that water is in the political limelight President Lula and his party's candidate in November's presidential election to inaugurate a separate irrigation project Look how beautiful it is!" he told the assembled press She is likely to face Sao Paulo Governor Jose Serra in November's poll He is the only major candidate not to have explicitly committed himself to Sao Francisco project Water means much in the north-east - and Ms Rousseff is hoping it might mean electoral buoyancy What are these? ' + liveStatsFacts[Math.floor(Math.random()*liveStatsFacts.length)] + ' Most Popular Now | 56,514 people are reading stories on the site right now.";