Ortiz joined GBH’s All Things Considered host Arun Rath at Symphony Hall to speak about the project
What follows is a lightly edited transcript
I probably would end up smashing windows and you know
then a whole disaster because I can understand that anger
And since then they call it “the glitter revolution”..
these feminist women movements start calling themselves “We’re going to do the revolución diamantina.” So the title of my ballet comes from that protest
there was one of the biggest women protests I ever seen in my whole life
And this was on the International Women’s Day on March
but I couldn’t because I was working with LA Phil
make recordings and send it to me.” I didn’t know what I was going to do with these recordings
but for me it was very important to get those recordings
“Please send me your recordings with your phone
I need to hear things.” And I received I don’t know how many recordings
really a lot of recordings — a hundred recordings or something like that
So some of the slogans that the singers sing in my ballet came from those recordings
some of the slogans where just these people
Ortiz: So then something that it really moves me from that big
the Mexico City government they were very worried about
What are these women are going to do again
or what is going to happen?” Because of that
they protect the whole Zócalo [the main square] was really protected with a lot of police
But then they sent these contingent of policewomen
really being there just protecting and seeing
suddenly they start to march along with these women in the street
because they thought the cause is the same
We’re just really being together against any kind of violence
I start doing this research when I was just writing the ballet and I saw so many pictures
of this woman giving flowers to the policewoman
But I really believe that we have to stand together
the only word that they say is “todas,” everybody
Arun Rath: I asked her to tell us about the commission for “Revolución diamantina.”
Ortiz: This is really the first time that an orchestra is asking me
what you like to write yourself?” And then I said immediately
“I want to write a ballet.” And I didn’t know the song yet
And then when I started to [think] about what’s going to be the subject of this ballet
it’s not going to be a 19th century ballet about fairy tales and “Nutcracker” or
just talking to my brother — my brother is a visual artist
I still don’t find the subject for this ballet.”
they have these kind of lowriders — I don’t know if you have heard about these
And so my brother was really studying that phenomenon of all of the lowriders
it really glows and it’s very bright and it’s very glittery
He did this piece about this movement because he was very impressed
And then he told me about that and he said
this subject bring bringing it into a ballet because just imagine movement and maybe the
the dancers throwing glitter everywhere in the stage.” And immediately I was like
But also the theme is very powerful.” And I already work in some feminist themes in other works
And then that’s how I decided to write about that
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a ballet in six acts for symphony orchestra and eight amplified voices
eight women members of the terrific new-music choir The Crossing
and the full force of the Boston Symphony Orchestra collaborated for 45-plus minutes of sonic splendor that stealthily crept then surged
with abundant color and arresting drama into the ears of a rapt Symphony Hall audience Thursday evening for an “event” of the first magnitude
reflecting the immense talent of a gifted story-teller who writes for an orchestra with a masterful hand
who will surely make for an exciting guide at this summer’s Festival of Contemporary Music at Tanglewood
was present in the hall to hear an assured interpretation of her remarkable score; Guerrero clearly and confidently communicated every complexity and challenge this variegated work demanded
only occasionally glancing at the score on the stand in front of him
and all on stage rose mightily to the occasion
The five-member percussion section shone particularly brightly: the printed score lists more than 82 instruments in their purview
to see so many empty seats in Symphony Hall
What kept people away from this remarkable program
I urge anyone with a smidgen of curiosity for what is happening in today’s new world of orchestral composition to attend tonight
I took copious notes during the performance
but found the sounds emanating from the stage so astoundingly riveting that I put my pen down and happily reveled in Ortiz’s all-encompassing aural structures
I had begun with such descriptors as “…tinkling bells at outset
virtuoso instrumental lines intertwining and solo…” but I admit I ultimately stopped writing to concentrate on listening
Ortiz and Garza believe in bringing appropriate outrage to today’s all-too pervasive violence against women
Both were moved by events they witnessed in Mexico City: the August
2019 “Glitter March” where protesters tossed pink glitter at the Chief of Police to denounce his having done nothing about the men on his watch who had immorally assaulted an innocent woman
2022 a contingent of female police officers marched in solidarity with other feminist groups on International Women’s Day
this is your struggle.” This back story permeates the entire score’s direction and focus
At many times the affect felt overtly dramatic in its insistent rhythms
and powerful sense of striding invincibility
the women of The Crossing were particular affecting
If you think there’s nothing new of merit happening in the classical concert world these days
this composer and her composition will send that notion packing
An event such as this is best heard live and in-person
After intermission came wonderful Tchaikovsky
German cellist Alban Gerhardt soloed in the charming and demanding Variations on a Rococo Theme
Gerhardt exhibited a pleasant and pliable tone and elegant command of the challenging solos
though it took a moment or two for him to sound completely engaged
The players broadly smiled as this loveliness wended its way; Gerhardt’s skills—especially his dead-on intonation of the several treacherous high harmonics―gave pleasure in abundance
he gave us an engaging reading of the Prelude of J.S
Guerrero had forgone his baton for this half of the evening
and after his sensitively nuanced accompaniment of the Variations
he reappeared to present Tchaikovsky’s all-too-rarely-heard masterwork
Composed just before the Rococo Variations
Francesca da Rimini is that work’s polar opposite
Tchaikovsky was in a period of deep melancholy and despair
grappling with life issues that seemed insurmountable
It was this combination of emotional challenges that made him particularly susceptible to Dante’s tragic tale of an awkward arranged marriage and an ensuing adulterous relationship that led to the murder of the two lovers by the wronged and jealous husband
the murdered lovers are consigned to the second circle of Hell where the lustful are punished by having to endure dark and violently stormy winds
Harlow Robinson’s essay quotes Ciaran Carson’s translation of Dante’s dramatic description of this horrible fate:
never-ending blast drives every soul before it in its sweep
these words provided fertile ground for Tchaikovsky’s agitated imagination
In the span of only three weeks he produced his remarkable score
a brilliant and ingenious musical portrait of two lost souls trapped in an eternal vortex of retribution and regret
I wish that Guerrero had paid a bit more attention to the languors and melancholy of this remarkable score
with all the high emotions of the fortissimo sort essayed and relished to the detriment of the quieter
Not to say those quieter moments weren’t beautifully played; in particular I cite the famous extended clarinet solo
sensitively shaped and caressed by the BSO’s esteemed Principal William Hudgins
One could certainly defend Guerrero’s approach to this impassioned music
but I wished for a bit more of the quiet passion within in the lines to be brought out
found to a gratifying extent in Serge Koussevitsky’s renowned BSO interpretations
both in commercial recorded form on RCA 78s
as well as heard in a couple of incendiary live concert transcriptions
has also better balanced pathetique texts with fiery on his New York Philharmonic traversals
any opportunity to hear this remarkable score played by the BSO
with its superb brass players encouraged to give their all
an important evening of music-making at a very high level of execution in Symphony Hall
Tonight offers the remaining opportunity to hear it in-person
3 Comments »
Categories Reviews 3 Comments John Ehrlich Francesca da Rimini may be rarely heard
but it was performed superbly in Boston very recently
The performance is available online if you would like to compare and contrast
I am an admirer of the NEC Philharmonia and will surely listen
While Ortiz’ artistic partner Cristina Rivera Garza’s dramaturgy was included in the print program book
Comment by Dr Liane Curtis — March 26
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THE BEST OF THE AMERICAN LATINO & MULTICULTURAL EXPERIENCE
In the southeastern portion of Chapada Diamantina
a territory of resistance known as Serra da Ch
a territory of resistance known as Serra da Chapadinha has revealed 15 previously undocumented cavities in Brazil
registered by the São Paulo-based collectives Environmental Conservation Institute of Morro Agudo (ICAMA) and Laje Seca Speleology Group (GELS)
Beneath the surface lies a subterranean heritage untouched by science
with undeniable potential — yet under daily threat
and especially the nearly 15,000 hectares authorized for mineral prospecting clash with springs
rock paintings etched into fragile sandstone monuments
and previously unknown arenitic caves hidden within 300-meter-high cliff faces — in addition to forming one of the main groundwater recharge zones for the capital city of Salvador
and speleothems that urgently require descriptive scientific studies
with its unstable rock formations and potential for over 100 meters of development
along with the nearby Rolada Abyss — showing negative-relief features similar to other sinkholes and possibly harboring archaeological material — also stand out as significant discoveries
All the cavities have been officially registered in the national speleological databases
bringing to light complex systems of shelters
and hollows of global ecological and anthropological significance
it is through the darkness of the underground that the existence of so many other cavities is revealed — precisely in areas now under threat from mining
These formations play an essential role in water regulation
and the safeguarding of geological and historical heritage
IMAGE 4 – ROCK PAINTINGS AT PEDRA DO CABOCLO
as advocated by the movement “Save Serra da Chapadinha”
Discovering 15 caves in just two days makes us question how much remains undiscovered
And both are being stolen by the pressure of a state still ruled by coronelismo — a deeply rooted
authoritarian model of local power in Brazil that survives behind progressive rhetoric but continues to foster destruction in practice.If the spring runs dry
and the ecology suffers — who will pay the price of thirst
How much is the anguish of a deteriorating world worth
THE BEST OF THE AMERICAN MULTICULTURAL EXPERIENCE
Metrics details
This article has been updated
Deep-sea trenches representing an intriguing ecosystem for exploring the survival and evolutionary strategies of microbial communities in the highly specialized deep-sea environments
29 metagenomes were obtained from sediment samples collected from Kermadec and Diamantina trenches
those samples covered a varying sampling depths (from 5321 m to 9415 m) and distinct layers within the sediment itself (from 0~40 cm in Kermadec trench and 0~24 cm in Diamantina trench)
we reconstructed 982 metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) with completeness >60% and contamination <5%
Phylogenomic analysis for the MAGs revealed nearly all of them were distantly related to known cultivated isolates
The abundant bacterial MAGs affiliated to phyla of Proteobacteria
while the abundant archaeal phyla affiliated with Nanoarchaeota and Thermoproteota
These results provide a dataset available for further interrogation of diversity
distribution and ecological function of deep-sea microbes existed in the trenches
The deep-sea environment is very unique as it is characterized by being in near-total darkness with high hydrostatic pressure
featured with an extremely high hydro-static pressure and isolated hydrotopographical conditions
the sediments accumulate particularly along the trench axis and vary in terms of quality and quantity with depths
The unique geological features of hadal trenches are known to influence both the structure and ecological function of microbial communities
which primarily rely on chemosynthesis and heterotrophy to synthesize and consume organic material
equipped with robust metabolic capabilities for carbon fixation
and the assimilation of sparse substrates from the ocean’s upper strata
establish the cornerstone of this distinctive ecosystem
This fundamental microbial activity supports a distinct community residing in the hadal sediments
shedding light on the versatility and intricacy of life in extreme conditions
The application of next-generation sequencing technologies has significantly enhanced our understanding of microbiomes within trench sediments
expanding microbial ecology from examining patterns of microbial diversity to unraveling adaptive survival strategies in trench environments
Sample collection and data analysis procedure
(A) Location and the sampling area in the Kermadec and Diamantina trenches in the southwest Pacific Ocean and southeast Indian Ocean
(B) Schematic overview of sampling and metagenomic analysis performed in this study
Each rectangle symbolizes processes containing descriptions (in bold)
methods or tools used in the corresponding analysis
The relative abundance of the major microbial phylum and supergroups of proteobacteria in sediments of Kermadec and Diamantina trenches.
Venn diagram showing the metabolic differences of microbial groups between hadal and non-hadal depth in the sediments of Diamantina and Kermadec trench
Sediment samples were collected using a pushcore from the Kermadec and Diamantina Trenches during the TS29 cruise on the R/V “Tan Suo Yi Hao” (Nov. 2022 - Mar. 2023) (Fig. 1A)
ranging from 0 to 50 cm below the seafloor (cmbsf)
were retrieved using the manned submersible “Fendouzhe.” These cores were sliced into 2 cm subsamples on board and then stored at −80 °C until further analysis
The push-core recovery time from the bottom to the sea surface at each sampling site was less than 30 minutes
Our quality assessment revealed that for all samples
over 90% of the reads achieved a Q score of Q30
which denotes a high level of accuracy in the read construction
We then assembled the metagenome data into MAGs through the automated quality control and assembly protocols outlined in our manuscript
To guarantee the integrity of the assembled contigs
different k-mer sizes were selectively used during the MEGAHIT assembly process (ranging from 21 to 141
and the sequences obtained post-binning were re-assembled to ensure the highest possible quality of the resulting data
The phylogenomic tree was constructed using IQ-TREE with the -m TEST parameter to select the best model
The resulting phylogenomic tree is highly consistent with the results from GTDB-Tk v1.6.0
The present study did not use custom scripts to generate the dataset
The parameters and versions of all the bioinformatics tools used for the analysis are described in the Methods section
In this article the acknowledgments section was incorrect and should have read ‘This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFC2805400)
Program for fostering international mega-science (183446KYSB20210002)
the Global Trench Exploration and Diving Programme (Global TREnD)
the Innovational Fund for the scientific and technological personnel of Hainan Province (KJRC2023C37)
We thank crew of the HOV “Fen Dou Zhe” and R/V “Tan Suo Yi Hao” for their professional service during the cruise of TS29 from Oct
2023.’ The original article has been corrected
Geochemical evolution within the Tonga–Kermadec–Lau arc–back-arc systems: the role of varying mantle wedge composition in space and time
and life in the deepest part of the world’s oceans
Microbial community diversity within sediments from two geographically separated hadal trenches
The Vertical Metabolic Activity and Community Structure of Prokaryotes along Different Water Depths in the Kermadec and Diamantina Trenches
The five deeps: The location and depth of the deepest place in each of the world’s oceans
0: a fast and scalable metagenome assembler driven by advanced methodologies and community practices
MetaBAT 2: an adaptive binning algorithm for robust and efficient genome reconstruction from metagenome assemblies
MaxBin 2.0: an automated binning algorithm to recover genomes from multiple metagenomic datasets
Binning metagenomic contigs by coverage and composition
MetaWRAP—a flexible pipeline for genome-resolved metagenomic data analysis
CheckM: assessing the quality of microbial genomes recovered from isolates
GTDB-Tk: a toolkit to classify genomes with the Genome Taxonomy Database
Prodigal: prokaryotic gene recognition and translation initiation site identification
KEGG: kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes
Fast and sensitive protein alignment using DIAMOND
OrthoFinder: phylogenetic orthology inference for comparative genomics
MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput
trimAl: a tool for automated alignment trimming in large-scale phylogenetic analyses
IQ-TREE 2: new models and efficient methods for phylogenetic inference in the genomic era
DOE Joint Genome Institute. Metagenomics of sediment samples from the Kermadec Trench and the Diamantina Trench. Genbank. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/PRJNA1111327 (2024)
NCBI Sequence Read Archive. https://identifiers.org/ncbi/insdc.sra:SRP508881 (2024)
Metagenome sequencing and 982 microbial genomes from Kermadec and Diamantina Trenches sediments, Figshare, https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.27003355 (2024)
Contamination in low microbial biomass microbiome studies: issues and recommendations
fastp: an ultra-fast all-in-one FASTQ preprocessor
Download references
This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFC2805400)
Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering
HKUST-CAS Sanya Joint Laboratory of Marine Science Research
The authors read and approved the final manuscript
The authors declare no competing interests
Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations
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The Los Angeles Philharmonic and Music & Artistic Director Gustavo Dudamel awarded the GRAMMY® for Best Orchestral Performance
Gabriela Ortiz awarded the GRAMMY® for Best Contemporary Classical Composition for Revolución diamantina
composer Gabriela Ortiz and engineers Alexander Lipay & Dmitriy Lipay awarded the GRAMMY® for Best Classical Compendium
The Recording Academy announced the winners of the 67th GRAMMY® Awards
the first full album of orchestral works by Mexican composer Gabriela Ortiz
performed by the Los Angeles Philharmonic and led by Music & Artistic Director Gustavo Dudamel
marking a record-breaking achievement for the orchestra with a single album
Revolución diamantina is the second release in the collaboration between the Apple-owned Platoon label and Dudamel with the LA Phil
documenting part of the orchestra's Pan-American Music Initiative
a multi-year project exploring more than 30 new commissions and numerous creative partnerships to emphasize the importance of Latin American heritage
The Los Angeles Philharmonic and Gustavo Dudamel were awarded the GRAMMY® for Best Orchestral Performance
engineered by Alexander Lipay & Dmitriy Lipay
was awarded the GRAMMY® for Best Classical Compendium
Composer Gabriela Ortiz also took home the award for Best Contemporary Classical Composition for Revolución diamantina
Ortiz writes some of the most intense and arresting music of our time
Her music unites disparate worlds and lives by a compelling rhythmic drive
a street-born authenticity and a vivid sense of color
the LA Phil and Music & Artistic Director Gustavo Dudamel perform three works by Ortiz
her new violin concerto performed by María Dueñas
Ortiz blends tradition and the modern world in an imaginary architecture of Mayan civilization and art deco
Also included on the album is Ortiz's Kauyumari - a celebration of new beginnings
commissioned to reflect the return to the stage following the Covid-19 pandemic.
Revolución diamantina is a powerful new ballet score
inspired by Mexico's 2019 "Glitter March," the feminist uprising around the country's epidemic of violence against women
The increase in femicide was a catalyst for this mobilization
and the name stems from an event during which protesters threw pink glitter at the chief of police
denouncing the lack of response following the rape of a woman by local officers
was first performed by the Los Angeles Philharmonic conducted by Gustavo Dudamel on 16 November 2023.
"Gabriela Ortiz's compositions embody a rare fusion of primal energy and deep emotional resonance
speaking directly to both the body and the soul," says Gustavo Dudamel
I've dreamed of dedicating an album solely to her incredible music
These GRAMMY® awards are a recognition of her singular artistry
shared journey we've embarked on together through the beauty of music."
Gabriela Ortiz says: "It's an honor to have this album—created with my dear friends and collaborators
and María Dueñas—recognized with these awards
My deepest gratitude goes to the Recording Academy
the extraordinary musicians and producers who brought this recording to life
and everyone who has supported my music and vision
Music has always been my way of connecting with the world
and this moment inspires me to continue creating from the heart."
Katie Ferguson – Platoon's Head of Classical added: "We are deeply honored to celebrate the visionary artistry of the LA Phil and Maestro Gustavo Dudamel
and to share in the recognition of these prestigious accolades
Gabriela Ortiz is one of the most compelling voices in contemporary classical music
blending the vibrant traditions of her Mexican heritage with a bold
The orchestra's unwavering commitment to championing Latin American composers perfectly reflects our mission to elevate a rich spectrum of musical voices across the globe
These awards hold great significance for us
and we are excited to continue this landmark series."
President & Chief Executive Officer at the LA Phil said: "We are honored to be part of Revolución diamantina
a work that powerfully reflects the brilliance of Gabriela Ortiz's voice and her artistic partnership with Gustavo Dudamel
This recognition is a testament to the artistry of our musicians
and celebrates the impact of Ortiz's extraordinary work on the global stage."
https://platoon.lnk.to/revoluciondiamantina
The multi-award and GRAMMY® winning label Platoon was acquired by Apple in 2018
The boutique artist services company identifies groundbreaking talent from around the world
while providing invaluable and innovative tools and services to build their careers and reach new fans. Platoon landed its first success shortly after their inception when they signed the then-unknown Billie Eilish
laying the groundwork for her ascent to global stardom
alongside other household names such as Mr Eazi and Victoria Monét
Current signings include Saint Harison
Gustavo Dudamel and the Los Angeles Philharmonic
BIS Records is amongst the most highly respected classical labels in the world. BIS was acquired by Platoon/Apple in September 2023
the LA Phil seeks to enrich the lives of individuals and communities through musical
artistic and learning experiences that resonate in our world today
Gustavo Dudamel is committed to creating a better world through music
Guided by an unwavering belief in the power of art to inspire and transform lives
he has worked tirelessly to expand education and access for underserved communities around the world
and to broaden the impact of classical music to new and ever-larger audiences
from humble beginnings as a child in Venezuela to an unparalleled career of artistic and social achievements
offers living proof that culture can bring meaning to the life of an individual and greater harmony to the world at large
He currently serves as the Music & Artistic Director of the Los Angeles Philharmonic and Simón Bolívar Symphony Orchestra of Venezuela
he becomes the Music and Artistic Director of the New York Philharmonic
continuing a legacy that includes Gustav Mahler
Dudamel will celebrate the 50th Anniversary of El Sistema
honoring the global impact of José Antonio Abreu's visionary education program across five generations
and acknowledging the vital importance of arts education
About Gabriela OrtizComposer Gabriela Ortiz creates music that seamlessly blends diverse musical worlds
from the traditional and popular sounds of her hometown
to avant-garde techniques and multimedia works
Her compositions showcase a sophisticated approach
marked by meticulous attention to rhythm and timbre
Ortiz's repertoire spans large-scale orchestral and choral works like Yanga (2019)
dynamic concertos such as Fractalis (2022)
politically charged operas like Only the Truth (2008)
evocative chamber pieces including Altar de muertos (1997)
and intimate solo works such as Canto a Hanna (2005)
Her music has been performed by esteemed ensembles
Ortiz was awarded the Bellas Artes Gold Medal
the highest honor bestowed by Mexico's National Institute of Fine Arts
Her accolades also include the National Prize for Arts and Literature
A distinguished member of the Academy of the Arts
she has also been inducted into El Colegio Nacional
Mexico's most prestigious intellectual institution
Ortiz holds prominent residencies at Carnegie Hall
with the Orquesta Sinfónica de Castilla y León
She is also a composition professor at Mexico's National Autonomous University
Her works are published by Boosey & Hawkes
PR Contacts:Platoon: Philippa Chamberlayne[email protected]
LA Phil: Leah Price[email protected]
Gustavo Dudamel:ManagementMark Newbanks, Fidelio Arts Limited, [email protected]
PR:Andrew Ousley, Unison Media, [email protected]Willy Villarreal, ALEGUI, [email protected]
la Academia Latina de la Grabación anunció a los ganadores de los Premios Latin GRAMMY® 2024
El Grammy al Mejor Álbum Clásico fue otorgado a ..
the Latin Recording Academy announced the winners of the 2024 Latin GRAMMY® Awards
The Grammy for Best Classical Album was awarded to..
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When the Boston Symphony Orchestra needs a small squad of professional sopranos and altos these days
it usually calls up the Boston-based Lorelei Ensemble
the eight women stationed behind microphones at upstage left were drawn from the membership of Philadelphia-based The Crossing
an acclaimed new-music-focused group under the direction of Donald Nally
in a run of performances that some suspected might be silenced amid President Trump’s interference with federally funded artistic institutions
But those locals who want to hear a new orchestral piece with a pointed feminist message needn’t leave town
who also had a hand in commissioning “Her Story” as head of the Nashville Symphony Orchestra and led it at Symphony Hall and Tanglewood in 2023
was returning to the BSO for the first time since then
The headlining piece this time was a concert performance of the harrowingly beautiful “Revolución diamantina,” which was inspired by protests in Ortiz’s native Mexico condemning violence against women
though an established composer internationally
is a relative newcomer to the BSO stage; her orchestral piece “Kauyumari” appeared on a Concert for the City in 2024
and a handful of her chamber pieces have been performed at Tanglewood
She is directing this year’s Festival of Contemporary Music at the Tanglewood Music Center
so there will be plenty of opportunity in the near future to hear her work
but as a symphony-length piece (and recently the winner of three Grammy Awards; one for the piece itself
two for its namesake album with the Los Angeles Philharmonic)
If you have already made up your mind that you don’t like contemporary orchestral music
you probably won’t like “Revolución diamantina.” It offered no apologies for what it is; a demanding technical gauntlet for the orchestra and an emotional wringer for the audience
It’s often gorgeous — one section swoons with ardor matching anything Rachmaninoff ever wrote — but given the context
but the accompanying dramaturgy by Booker Prize-winner Cristina Rivera Garza was printed in the program book
Hopefully it won’t be too long before a dance company takes on the task
but for concert performances like the BSO’s
it would be helpful to have the titles of each “scene” projected above the orchestra
the score treated them more like a section of the orchestra — there primarily for texture
and they did an admirable job with both tasks
The percussion section especially was put through their paces for the piece’s full 45 minutes
dashing between instruments in the back corner of the stage
(The full list of equipment took up nine full lines in the program book
and the Mexican slit log drum called the teponatzli.) The final movement slowly gathered power into a heavens-storming chorale of hope
with most of the orchestra and chorus united in solid solemnity while flutist Lorna McGhee’s soaring solo pierced the sky
The second half of the concert contained two shorter pieces by Tchaikovsky
which combined into an odd follow-up to the emotional battering ram that was “Revolución.” The final piece
the Dante-inspired “Francesca da Rimini,” had a loose surface thematic connection — Ortiz’s piece as a reaction to violence against women
allegedly based on a real contemporary of Dante
was murdered by her own husband when he discovered her affair with his brother; the poet depicted her and Paolo in the second circle of hell
condemned to whirl about in an eternal gale
“Francesca” plausibly has more to do with its composer than its central character
Tchaikovsky was in a personal tempest of his own as he struggled with his own attraction to men and external pressure to marry a woman
the year after he wrote “Francesca.” It’s not hard to imagine he saw his own feelings of powerlessness reflected in Dante’s damned souls
the billowing chromatic gestures were powerful enough to sweep away any hopes of terra firma
Even as the tender central love theme took center stage
signaling another barrage of brass and shrieking winds wasn’t too far away
“Variations on a Rococo Theme,” featuring cellist Alban Gerhardt
and placing it between “Revolucion” and “Francesca” had an effect comparable to eating a Snickers bar between bites of pickle
The cello showpiece sounded unusually bland in its expression
and that was only confirmed when Gerhard returned to the stage for an encore
the widely beloved prelude from Bach’s Suite No
1; those two minutes contained more sensitivity and dimension than the previous 20
A.Z. Madonna can be reached at az.madonna@globe.com. Follow her @knitandlisten.
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Gatherers of a rare Brazilian flower find their way of life – and incomes – are under threat. Ana Caroline de Lima, recipient of the Joan Wakelin Bursary
In the heart of Minas Gerais, Brazil
a city where tradition merges with the vibrant tapestry of nature
Every weekend its main square is transformed by a mesmerising display of flowers
Spread out on the cobblestones are crafts made of flowers
ranging in colour from the most radiant hues to tender pastels
yet upon closer inspection are surprisingly dry
What makes it special is that once removed from its natural habitat its delicate buds maintain their lifelike appearance
a drop of water will result in it closing its petals
the bloom reopens as if it is still living
the artisans sit on a bench observing tourists and answering questions about the authenticity of the flowers
talks to visitors unfamiliar with sempre-vivas
or if I’m sure the flowers aren’t made of plastic,” she says
“There are many things I don’t know in life but I can guarantee the flowers are real.” She laughs
holding a small bouquet she made the night before
It’s not rare to find ancient drawings in the rocks
Most of the paintings haven’t been studied yet
Ivanete remarks on ‘how wonderful it is to think that those who draw these paintings could also be collecting flowers
I always like to understand the animals they draw
but others I have no idea … maybe those are species which doesn’t exist in the region any more.’
but the trade in sempre-vivas is far from new
the flowers have been sold commercially since the early 1900s
the exported volume was about 1,000 tonnes
with nominal values reaching $3.5m,” he says
“During that time the trade mainly comprised flowers
products have been diversified and the export volume is about 200 tonnes with nominal values of $2m
The leading consumer countries are the Netherlands
Serra do Espinhaço is among the most diverse plant sites in the world
it is classified by Unesco as one of the planet’s 34 biodiversity hotspots
Among the endemic species found are various types of sempre-vivas
According to Brazil’s ministry of the environment
this species has been at risk of extinction since 1997
the park is controlled by ICMBio (Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade) and is struggling with a lack of budgetary resources
asking for better pay and working conditions
In the 1990s the creation of protected areas began
driven by widespread recognition of Espinhaço’s status as a biodiversity hotspot
In 2002 the Sempre-Vivas national park was founded over an area of 124,156 hectares
have led to restrictions on local practices such as the gathering of sempre-vivas flowers
conflicts have emerged between local families and environmental authorities
highlighting the challenges of balancing conservation with socioeconomic realities
flower harvesting happens in fields outside the park boundaries where the flowers grow naturally
and the proprietors charge for access and harvesting rights
can local communities find sustainable ways to continue flower collection so they can still make a living
One of the answers lies in the community of Galheiros
driven by the looming extinction of sempre-vivas
the NGO Terra Brasilis approached the community to discuss new ways to generate income
IBAMA (the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources) and other partner institutions like Emater-MG advised us on ways to add value to our products,” says Ivanete
“They proposed solutions to mitigate the impact on income caused by the creation of the national park
which restricted our access to the fields we had used since we were children
We buy the seeds from exporters who cultivated large fields even before we started our own and it’s costly
Since we have limited space to collect native flowers we must cultivate it
To do this we need a large quantity of seeds and
Ivanete has roamed the rocky fields of Serra do Espinhaço to gather flowers since she was a girl
“I have such vivid memories of those days almost as if they happened yesterday,” she says
“As kids we had an absolute blast going out to collect flowers
We were familiar with the fields bursting with the most beautiful blooms
so we’d get everything ready for our ‘caves’ and turn it into our cosy little home.”
that were used by families as a shelter to keep them warm and safe from animals like jaguars and wolves
“I used to be terrified of snakes but we’ve all got used to them,” she says
“We no longer have to camp out to gather flowers – we’ve established our own cultivation
sisters Ivete Borges and Maria de Jesus Borges
scan the ground for any blooms that may have been overlooked
“The harvesting seasons are changing,” says Ivete
“For a long time the peak flowering period was predictable
Ivete and Nenzinha head towards a small house
“Let me show you my mother’s garage.” As we reach the garage of Maria Vieira Araújo
it becomes clear why her daughters wanted me to see it
A couch covered with sempre-vivas dominates the room
The golden-toned stems contrast with the dimly-lit space
but the haul is insignificant compared with what will be collected during peak harvest season
people’s room are filled with flowers – it’s very beautiful,” says the matriarch
looking fondly at one of her many bouquets
Lia remembers raising her eight children with income from sempre-vivas
“It’s good work but very tiring,” she says
“We had to walk up and down hills while bringing the children along and sleeping in the caves on improvised mattresses made of grass.”
flower collectors still need to go to privately owned fields to harvest the blooms
“The fields are the same but those outside the park now have owners so you have to pay to enter,” she says
“To collect them you have to bend down and gather the flowers one by one
They don’t grow in clusters – they’re scattered in the field
We come back home with crazy back pain.” She laughs
sitting in a chair surrounded by her daughters
Years of physical exertion climbing hills to harvest flowers have taken a toll on many of the flower collectors
has been unable to leave her house for the past three years due to severe joint wear in both legs
Her mobility has been significantly restricted
Nair dedicates herself to the meticulous art of sorting the dried flowers – a labour of love passed down through generations of her family
With skilful and purposeful movements she creates striking bouquets and crafts to be sold in Diamantina
During the day Nair is accompanied by her five-year-old granddaughter
Nair’s deep connection to sempre-vivas goes beyond just being a source of income
“I truly believe that if I hadn’t discovered how to craft I would have spiralled into deep sadness and depression,” she says
“I don’t know if I would have had the strength to carry on
“When I immerse myself in creating these pieces
much like the days when I used to wander the fields
The only sounds I hear are the melodious chirping of birds
and I believe she’s finding joy in learning this craft alongside me.”
the rest of the family arrive home earlier than usual
Lorena rushes to help her father gather flowers that were drying in front of the house
“We can’t let them get wet or they’ll spoil,” she says
As the rain begins everyone heads to the kitchen
everything goes dark as the electrical supply fails
Nair laughs and says it feels like it did 20 years ago – electricity only reached the region around 2004
“That’s why it didn’t make much difference whether I was at home or in the cave,” she says
As the rain clears the sky brightens a little and a shy rainbow appears between the clouds
João da Luz asks for a photo with his granddaughter
“Let’s show the future flower-gatherer!” he says
João da Luz with his five-year-old granddaughter
he adjusts his hat before heading out to the plantation
“I’ve been wearing the same shirt for many years,” he says
Totonho appears warm-hearted and enjoys striking up conversations with others
The walls of his house are an interesting tone of green and yellow
“I painted it like this to bring a happier mood,” he says
the edges worn from years of careful handling
he stands beside his late wife and some of their children
“We raised all of them with a lot of effort,” he says
“When I was away my wife was here with them
View image in fullscreenTotonho
Totonho has scaled back his long walks and prefers to cover less than 5km at a time
Totonho carefully gathers bundles of grass for his daughter to sell in Diamantina
Totonho’s daughter Toca carefully prepares a bouquet made with a range variety of flowers
“Isn’t it wonderful to sell these beautiful things?” he says
“We must make the most of the beauty around us.”
The hands that once guided her daughter through the rocky fields full of sempre-vivas are now supported by Ivanete
the people of Galheiros are a profound lesson in resilience
While the wider world increasingly faces the fallout of climate breakdown and environmental degradation
this community is a reminder that life can withstand the most challenging conditions
The headline on this article was amended on 31 October 2024 to correct the spelling of Diamantina
Administered by the RPS in partnership with the Guardian, the Joan Wakelin Bursary supports the production of a photographic essay on an overseas social documentary issue
you can get to know some more waterfalls around
Cascata da Baronesa (Baronesa Waterfall) for example
have a little fall you fresh water and is very next to the beginning of the hike to Cascata Diamantina
Not far away is Cascata Gabriela (Gabriela Waterfall)
with it tiny fall and a beautiful pool of clean and fresh water where you can dive and have fun with your family
A bit more far away is Cascatinha Taunay (Taunay Waterfall)
A trail connects the parking with Cascata Diamantina
The hike takes around 15 minutes and don't have any big difficult
Even though it's not literally on the middle of the town
You can go to the waterfall by bike or car (search for "cascata da Baronesa" on google maps to find the directions)
that connects the places to Terminal Gentileza and Terminal Alvorada
two big bus stations where you can find buses to any part of the city
But going by bus you'll need to walk more 3 kilometers on some roads of the forest to arrive
It's recommended to arrive early (between 8 and 10 a.m.) to find parking inside the park)
A trio of waterfalls inside the world’s largest urban forest
An attractive free-plunge waterfall outside Bend in the Deschutes National Forest
A natural waterslide in Brazil’s most expansive national park
Cascading waterfalls mark the gateway to the ancient burial place of Clan Macnab
This gold mine–turned–swimming hole is the perfect summer picnic spot
The pristine waters crossing this forest form a hidden waterfall among the dense vegetation
This breathtaking national park is one of the best places to see the weird and wonderful giant anteater in the wild
Where the White Nile River dramatically cascades between Lake Kyoga and Lake Albert in Uganda
The victory in Saturday’s feature class at the 2024-edition of Jumping Verona
the CSI5*-W 1.55m winning round presented by Crivelli
went to Brazil’s Marlon Modolo Zanotelli and the 12-year-old mare GB Diamantina (Diamant de Semilly x Silvio H)
While only three horse-and-rider combinations – Peder Fredricson (SWE) and Alcapone des Carmille (Diamant de Semilly x Heartbreaker)
Emanuele Gaudiano (ITA) and Nikolaj de Music (Kannan x Nabab de Reve) and Lorenzo de Luca (ITA) on Violino Il Palazetto (Verdi TN x Jasper) – out of the 48 pairs at start cleared the first-round track set by Uliano Vezzani (ITA)
the best twelve continued on to the winning round where the scores were set back to zero
After qualifying for the winning round with a fast four fault performance
Modolo Zanotelli and GB Diamantina kept the score on zero the second time out – crossing the finish line in 37.59 seconds and taking home the win in this competition counting for Longines Rankings Group B
“She is just an unbelievable mare,” Modolo Zanotelli said about GB Diamantina after their victory
“She came from Brazil at the beginning of the year in a crazy dream situation from an owner who knows me since I was a kid
and as he realized he had a very good horse in her
They have done an amazing job producing her
I never expected to be at this level with her so fast
it was my fault there with the three strides
I thought let’s just have fun here and get to know each other in a jump-off scenario
and she jumped even better in the second round.”
Andreas Schou (DEN) and Billy Matador (Billy Mexico x Animo) finished second with a time of 39.44
while a double clear for Fredricson and Alcapone des Carmille in 39.44 left them third
followed by Gaudiano and Nikolaj de Music in fourth and Kevin Jochems (NED) aboard Casillas van de Helle (Casall x San Patrignano Corrado) in fifth
the 1.50m presented by Ego 7 – a competition counting for Longines Rankings Group D – saw Olivier Philippaerts (BEL) and the 9-year-old Kwik Tweet (For Pleasure x Twisther) take the top honours
With a time of 61.16 seconds in this class judged as a Table A
the Belgian rider secured the win ahead of his compatriot Jérôme Guery and Hoselinde (Campbell VDL x Zeus) in second in 61.32
while Simon Delestre (FRA) on Jiamo VDS (Thunder vd Zuuthoeve x Carolus H) placed third in 62.38
followed by Gregory Cottard (FRA) and Idylle Chavannaise (Peppermill x Graf Sponeck) in fourth in 62.72 and Jane Richard (SUI) aboard Fouego de la Closiere (Nabab de Reve x Landjuweel St Hubert) in fifth in 64.90
“The class was a bit more tough than yesterday
there were not as many clears,” Philippaerts commented afterwards
I tried to keep it as smooth as possible and that is where she made the winning difference.”
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Mexican composer Gabriela Ortíz (b1964) carries on where Carlos Chávez
Silvestre Revueltas and other mid-20th-century modernists left off – creating concert works that are imbued with the indigenous and popular musics of their native culture
Her brief orchestral showpiece Kauyumari (2021) is a case in point
as its swaggering rhythmic ostinatos and repeated folkloric motifs hearken back to Chávez’s once-popular Sinfonía india (1936)
but a well-wrought one in which the gradual transformation of ideas keeps one’s attention from first note to last
a substantial violin concerto composed for María Dueñas
is considerably more demanding for the listener as its musical ideas are generally more abstract and expansive
The title can be roughly translated as ‘Altar for strings’
but Ortíz says she uses the word ‘altar’ in a more symbolic or spiritual sense than a religious one
imploring role rather like a dusky-voiced flamenco singer
The quarter-hour-long central slow movement floats massive yet delicate clouds that remind me of Ligeti’s Atmosphères or Lontano
above which the soloist soars in passionate song
It’s gorgeously eerie and displays a painterly concern with colour
and Dueñas manages this brilliantly
Both the concerto itself and Dueñas’s performance are a knockout
a ballet in six acts for large orchestra and women’s voices
was inspired by the 2019 ‘Glitter March’ and other recent anti-misogynist protests in Mexico
Ortíz somehow manages to bring together Messiaen (the percussion-writing in the opening section starting around 1'12")
more Ligeti-esque clouds (the opening sonorities of Act 2)
Stravinsky (listen for brief references to The Rite of Spring in Acts 3 and 4) and the glittering minimalism of Glass and Reich (Act 4)
Yet despite these and other backwards glances
the score holds together remarkably well and Ortíz’s own unique voice is never lost
The choral writing is arresting and original – some of it lyrical although much of it is syllabic and suggestive of something primal
Revolución diamantina is long enough to take up the entire second half of a concert
and I’m fervently hoping that Dudamel brings it to New York when he takes the helm of the Philharmonic in 2025
I have a feeling that hearing it live would be a thrilling experience
The LA Phil play all three works with tremendous commitment and finesse
and Platoon’s recorded sound is spectacular
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Giancarlo Guerrero conducted the Boston Symphony Orchestra premiere of Gabriela Ortiz’s Revolución diamantina Thursday night at Symphony Hall
turn up on concert programs so frequently that it can be hard to imagine experiencing them in a theater
Gabriela Ortiz seems to have taken that reality to heart: her first entry in the genre
the Los Angeles Philharmonic-commissioned Revolución diamantina
its debut recording took home a trio of Grammys
including the award for Best Contemporary Composition
Giancarlo Guerrero led the Boston Symphony Orchestra in the work’s local premiere
On the merits of that Symphony Hall performance
the music visits any number of reference points: echoes of Revueltas
as do—courtesy of an octet of amplified voices—John Adams
Except for rare occasions (like the pummeling allusion to Rite’s “Glorification of the Chosen One” at the end of Act 4)
the Mexican composer’s style bracingly serves a narrative that
in collaboration with the author Cristina Rivera Garza
celebrates her country’s “glitter revolution,” a recent
grassroots campaign protesting systemic violence against women
the finer details of Garza’s dramaturgy were obscured in Thursday’s performance
though that owed more to Ortiz’s through-composed approach to the form than any deficiency in the night’s account of the work
one came away from the evening appreciating how a suite from Revolución might better serve the score in concert settings: as with most ballets
various sections would be enhanced by choreography
and eight members of the Philadelphia-based choir The Crossing
discreet moments near the beginning of Act 1 gleamed as much as the pounding riffs during Act 5’s thundering samba thrilled
full-ensemble textures often took on a blunt sheen
Guerrero shaped Revolución’s lyrical moments thoughtfully
English hornist Robert Sheena’s playing in Act 2 was affectingly plangent
as was the string section’s sumptuous melodic climax to that section
principal flute Lorna McGhee brought swooning
Members of The Crossing delivered their parts with brio
While the group’s amplification resulted in monodynamic impressions when the orchestra was playing softly
the score’s vocal effects—like Act 2’s bent notes and Act 5’s queasy slides—spoke potently
So did the collective’s contributions to the prayer-like final scene
Alban Gerhardt performed Tchaikovsky’s Variations on a Rococo Theme with Giancarlo Guerrero and the BSO Thursday night
More of the latter quality would have benefited Alban Gerhardt’s take on Tchaikovsky’s Variations on a Rococo Theme
Back on a BSO subscription program for the first time since
this cello-and-orchestra chestnut offers spades of great tunes and brio
Though the German artist’s efforts here and in his encore of the Prelude from Bach’s Cello Suite No
some skittish phrasings and edgy fingerwork suggested he was having an off night
the Variations’ two slow sections reached beyond the routine to find places of inward repose
Guerrero and the orchestra were largely attuned to the score’s dynamic plays of contrast
The partnership also excelled in Francesca da Rimini
Tchaikovsky’s 1876 tone poem after Dante that was being assayed by the BSO for the first time since 2009
Thursday’s interpretation was eminently secure and balanced
shapely middle episode was highlighted by exquisite solos from several of the orchestra’s woodwind principals
Francesca’s blustery outer thirds were ever vigorous and often exhilarating
those depictions of an endless hellish storm carry all before it
Thursday’s rendition certainly cranked up the decibels
But thanks to its close proximity to Revolución
one could leave Symphony Hall on this night for once optimistic that the title character
damned to eternal torment for following the passions of her heart
The program will be repeated 1:30 p.m. Friday and 8 p.m. Saturday at Symphony Hall. bso.org
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Volume 15 - 2024 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1474645
The distinctive geological characteristics of hadal trenches are recognized to affect the construction and ecological role of microbial communities; however
information on their population dynamics and assembly processes remains limited
bacteria and micro-eukaryotes in the sediments of the Diamantina and Kermadec trenches were explored utilizing high-throughput sequencing
significantly lower levels of bacterial and micro-eukaryotic biodiversity (p < 0.01)
bacterial gene copy number (p < 0.05)
and heterotrophic/parasitic micro-eukaryotic proportions (p < 0.05) were detected in the Kermadec Trench
which also exhibited a low community complexity based on the network analysis
no obvious population shifts were observed along the trench axis
Microbial communities in both trenches showed clear distance–decay distributions
This study provided fresh perspectives on the microbial community assembly mechanism in deep-sea trenches
Studies of community complexity and diversified trophic states of microbes would contribute to an improved understanding of ecological functions and diversification in this extreme biosphere
Systematic investigation of the distribution
and interactions of deep-sea microbiomes will enhance our comprehension of the structure and ecological functions of deep-ocean ecosystems
Geological and physicochemical conditions were highly varied within and between prokaryotes and micro-eukaryotes in different hadal trenches; thus
it would be necessary to elucidate the driving forces for microbial communities living in trenches with different spatial scales
we hypothesize distinct community assembly processes between prokaryotes and micro-eukaryotes in different trenches
we collected sediment samples along the axis from the Diamantina and Kermadec trenches and investigated the diversity
and community assembly of bacterial and micro-eukaryotic communities utilizing high-throughput sequencing
This study intended to uncover (i) the geographic variability of bacteria and micro-eukaryotic communities along the axis of each trench
(ii) the heterogeneity of microbial communities between the two trenches
and (iii) the relative importance of diverse driving forces
for the assembly of bacterial and micro-eukaryotic communities
the sediments were oven-dried at 105°C and then measured with an elementary analyzer (vario MACRO cube
Germany) to determine the concentrations of TOC and TN
NO3−and NH4+ were determined after being processed with 1 M HCl
followed by analysis using a Seal Analytical AA3 continuous flow autoanalyzer
A map showing the sampling locations in the Diamantina and Kermadec trenches
triplicate qPCR reactions were carried out
with the efficiencies being 101.7 and 91.8%
copy numbers of genes were normalized in terms of the number of sequences
amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) identified as chloroplasts
or eukaryotes for bacteria sequences and ASVs that were not related to micro-eukaryotes (including archaea
and plastidial sequences) were excluded as well
A filtered ASV table for each sample was produced using QIIME 2
The distribution and composition of trophic status between the two trenches were performed by a stacking diagram in R (version 4.3.3)
and the results were displayed using extended error bar plots
The Kermadec Trench is located in the Southern Pacific Ocean and was formed by the subduction of the Pacific plate to the Australian plate
was shaped by the geological breakup of the Australian and Antarctic continents
Sediment samples along the axis were collected from the abyssal-hadal zone in the Diamantina (5,383–10,100 m) and Kermadec (5,163.8–6,802.3 m) trenches
significantly higher TOC contents (p < 0.05) and slightly higher averaged TP and NO3− concentrations were detected in the Diamantina Trench
The highest concentration of TOC was detected at Stn
the highest and lowest concentrations were observed at Stns
Locations and sequence details of surface sediments in the Diamantina and Kermadec trenches
and gene copy number of 16S rRNA (C) of bacteria in the sediment of the Diamantina and Kermadec trenches
and gene copy number of 18S rRNA (C) of micro-eukaryote in the sediment of the Diamantina and Kermadec trenches
and extended error plots of bacteria (A,C,E) and micro-eukaryotic (B,D,F) communities between the Diamantina and Kermadec trenches
Extended error plots are presented in STAMP using SEED subsystems
The mean proportions in different categories are displayed in the bar graph
The colored circles (red and blue) indicate the 99% confidence intervals calculated using Welch’s t-test
Co-relations between bacterial and micro-eukaryotic community dissimilarities and geographic distances for sampling sites in both trenches (A,B) and within the Diamantina (C,D) and Kermadec trenches (E,F)
Null model and RDA/CCA with environmental variables of bacteria (A,C,E) and micro-eukaryotic (B,D,F) communities
Phylogenetic turnover (betaNTI) was calculated using a null model
Different ecological processes were represented by values of betaNTI with betaNTI > 2 indicating heterogeneous selection
|betaNTI| < 2 indicating random processes
and betaNTI < −2 indicating homogeneous selection
Co-occurrence networks for two domains (A)
bacteria (B) and micro-eukaryote (C) for sampling sites in both trenches (total) and respective of the Diamantina and Kermadec trenches
A connection represents a strong (Spearman’s r > 0.8 or r < −0.8 and significant [p < 0.05]) correlation; that is
the thicker edges represent stronger correlations
The colored nodes represent bacterial and micro-eukaryotic groups
The size of each node is proportional to the number of connections it has (i.e.
Potential functions associated with carbon
and sulfur cycles for bacteria were inferred based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences using Tax4Fun (Supplementary Figure S1)
Cellulose degradation (carbon cycle); nitrogen fixation
and aerobic nitrite oxidation (nitrogen cycle); and thiosulfate respiration (sulfur cycle) were inferred as the major functional categories in the Diamantina Trench
and sulfite oxidation were inferred to be more important in the Kermadec Trench
The types of carbohydrate degradation in the Kermadec Trench axis varied from northeast to southwest
and the abundance of genes related to sulfur oxidation was significantly higher than that in the Diamantina Trench (p < 0.05)
For the potential trophic status of the micro-eukaryotic community
Perkinsea and Syndiniales) types were predominant throughout the sediment samples (Supplementary Figure S2)
Significantly higher heterotrophic and parasitic proportions were found in the Diamantina Trench (ANOSIM
This is consistent with our results of the null model
which showed that drift plays a more important role in the ecological processes of the trench ecosystem
those potential functions were predicted at the DNA level; further validation at the transcriptome and metabolome levels would be needed in the future
The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The name of the repository and accession number can be found at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
The author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research
This work was supported by the Innovational Fund for Scientific and Technological Personnel of Hainan Province (KJRC2023C37)
the Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (424QN341
the National Key R&D Program of China (2023YFC2812804) and the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences for Big Science (183446KYSB20210002)
We thank the pilots of the deep-sea HOV “Fendouzhe”
the crew of the R/V “Tan Suo Yi Hao” for their professional service during the cruise of TS29
We would like to thank the Institutional Center for Shared Technologies and Facilities of IDSSE
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations
Any product that may be evaluated in this article
or claim that may be made by its manufacturer
is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher
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Jing H and Liu H (2024) Geographical distribution and driving force of microbial communities in the sediments of Diamantina and Kermadec trenches
Received: 02 August 2024; Accepted: 29 October 2024; Published: 18 November 2024
Copyright © 2024 Zhang, Jing and Liu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY)
distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted
provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited
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That first full-length album of orchestral works by Ortiz racked up several nods, including one for contemporary classical composition, an award given to the composer. Other nominations for the L.A. Phil recording of Ortiz’s work were for engineered classical album, classical producer of the year (Dmitriy Lipay) and classical compendium.
Composer John Adams’ opera “Girls of the Golden West,” performed by the L.A. Phil and the Los Angeles Master Chorale, picked up nominations for opera recording and engineered classical album; it also was cited as part of Lipay’s nomination for classical producer of the year.
Music
This year’s list of top nominees include Beyoncé
Phil are up against Marin Alsop and ORF Vienna Radio Symphony Orchestra for Adams’ “City Noir,” which was commissioned by the L.A
Others in the category include conductor JoAnn Falletta
who made her name as music director of the Long Beach Symphony
nominated with the Buffalo Philharmonic Orchestra; the L.A
nominated for conducting the Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra; and Esa-Pekka Salonen and the San Francisco Symphony
In the classical instrumental solo category
ensemble Wild Up’s recording of “Eastman: The Holy Presence of Joan d’Arc” earned nominations for soloist Seth Parker Woods and conductor Christopher Rountree
Other acts up for multiple awards at the 67th Grammys include Taylor Swift
The 67th Grammy Awards will take place Feb. 2 at the Crypto.com Arena in downtown L.A. It will air live on CBS and Paramount+.
Jessica Gelt is an arts and culture writer for the Los Angeles Times.
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Kate Wakeling is left spellbound by the LA Phil’s thrilling portrait of the visionary Mexican composer Gabriela Ortiz
Gabriela OrtizRevolución Diamantina**; Altar de Cuerda*; Kauyumari*María Dueñas (violin); **Los Angeles Master Chorale; Los Angeles Philharmonic/Gustavo DudamelPlatoon LAPHIL02 80:46 mins
composing requires two distinct types of brainwork: ‘when I write music,’ she says
‘ I am always swinging between the rational part
This twin approach is clearly heard in her complex
dazzling scores that are at once tautly constructed yet freewheeling in their imaginative reach
Weaving together Latin and Mexican sonorities and folklore to powerful effect
her music sounds like nobody else’s and this excellent new album of recent works
recorded by longstanding collaborators Gustavo Dudamel and the Los Angeles Philharmonic
The selection opens with Altar de cuerda
a violin concerto of terrific vivacity and invention
Ortiz does not intend the altar of the title to be taken in its religious sense
or magical: an altar is a place for bringing music to the forefront.’
Ortiz took as her inspiration everything from the intricacies of Mayan architecture to the Moorish Andalusian roots of her soloist María Dueñas
The resulting work is at once muscular and luminous
and while the score is daring in its range of timbres and tonalities
its emotional expression is no less immediate
the movement explores the idea of Mexico’s open-air chapels
as built by colonial settlers in the 16th century in an effort to catechise the indigenous population
twinkling score radiates beauty and discomfort in equal measure
and María Dueñas offers a thrillingly gutsy performance
supported at every turn by Gustavo Dudamel and the orchestra
The short orchestral work Kauyumari follows
commissioned to celebrate the return of the Los Angeles Philharmonic to the stage following the pandemic
Drawing on ideas of ancestral communication among the Huichol people of Mexico
the piece opens to a sense of deep mystery before blossoming into unabashed celebration that sparkles with trumpet fanfares
The album’s closing work, Revolución Diamantina
this vibrant ballet score explores three key moments in Mexico’s feminist movement: Mexico City’s 2019 ‘Glitter Revolution’ where protesters denounced the rape of a woman by local police; an International Women’s Day march in 2022 that united policewomen and feminist groups; and the 2019 Chilean songs of protest by female collective Las Tesis
percussion-rich score fizzes with a sense of restless unease
The Los Angeles Philharmonic deliver a thrilling performance from start to finish
while the women of the Los Angeles Master Chorale are on splendid form
from the chattering intensity they bring to the propulsive ‘Speaking the unspeakable’
to the ethereal beauty of their chorales in the work’s slow and shimmering finale
The album as a whole really is outstanding
bringing together a sense of vision and virtuosity in what is a deeply-felt celebration of the power of music. Kate Wakeling
The World Heritage Centre is at the forefront of the international community’s efforts to protect and preserve
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a colonial village set like a jewel in a necklace of inhospitable rocky mountains
recalls the exploits of diamond prospectors in the 18th century and testifies to the triumph of human cultural and artistic endeavour over the environment
Diamantina est une ville coloniale insérée comme un joyau dans un massif montagneux inhospitalier
Elle illustre l’aventure des chercheurs de diamant au XVIIIe siècle et témoigne de l’emprise culturelle et artistique de l’être humain sur son environnement vivant
ديامانتينا، مدينة مستعمرة مدمجة كالجوهرة في المرتفعات الوعرة، تجسّد مغامرة المنقبّين عن الماس في القرن الثامن عشر وتشهد على السيطرة الثقافية والفنية التي يفرضها الإنسان على محيطه الحيّ
蒂阿曼蒂那位于无人居住的荒凉岩石山脉之中,原为殖民地村庄。如果说绵绵山脉是条项链的话,蒂阿曼蒂那就是项链上的一颗宝石。这个小城展示给世人的是一幅18世纪采矿人挖掘钻石的场景,同时也是人类文化和艺术战胜环境的证明。
располагающееся в окружении суровых скалистых гор
воссоздает жизнь эпохи искателей алмазов в XVIII в
Город является символом триумфа культурной и художественной активности человека
проживавшего в неблагоприятных природных условиях
Diamantina es una ciudad colonial engastada como una piedra preciosa en un inhóspito macizo montañoso
Es un testimonio de la aventura de los buscadores de diamantes del siglo XVIII
así como del influjo ejercido por las realizaciones culturales y artísticas del ser humano en su marco de vida
In the heart of arid and rocky mountains in north-east Minas Gerais
the Historic Center of Diamantina rises 150m up the side of a steep valley
with winding and uneven streets following the natural topography
The Baroque architecture differs from that of other Brazilian towns in being of wood
and is distinguished by its geometry and details indicating transference on a modest scale of Portuguese architectural features
Churches have similar colours and textures as civil buildings
The regularly aligned 18th and 19th century semi-detached houses with one or two floors are painted in bright colours on a white ground
and contrast with the grey flagstone paving of the streets
The historic centre testifies to the conquest of Brazil’s interior regions
and representatives of the Portuguese Crown forged an original culture in the 18th century
adapting their origins to the realities of the Americas
Criterion (ii): Diamantina shows how explorers of the Brazilian territory
and representatives of the Crown were able to adapt European models to an American context in the 18th century
thus creating a culture that was faithful to its roots yet completely original
Criterion (iv): The urban and architectural group of Diamantina
perfectly integrated into a wild landscape
is a fine example of an adventurous spirit combined with a quest for refinement so typical of human nature
The Portuguese inspired architectural patterns and urban outline of the Historic Center of Diamantina remains well preserved
both elements ingeniously etched into the surrounding rocky hillsides of varying altitudes that give rise to a stratified city separated from its highest to its lowest points by as much as 150 meters
This association between the natural environment and the urban space created a landscape in which the rugged surrounding territory merges seamlessly with the artistic body of the urban complex
The urban complex is exemplified by a special configuration marked by the implementation of structures in continuous fashion
giving expression to an urban fabric which has been preserved since its formation in the 18th century
as recorded in a variety of maps from the period
The city’s churches were built based on the same logic applied to the surrounding constructions
reinforcing the architectural complex and a homogeneity characterized by a sober and basic
The historical formation of the former Arraial do Tijuco
continuous appropriation of the related spaces and public roadways through the centuries by traditional religious festivals
and the predominantly residential use of the area are the key elements underlying the attributes that confer on the site its singularity and Outstanding Universal Value
Protection of the Historical Center of Diamantina was first introduced in 1938 following recognition as a Brazilian Cultural Heritage Site under Process 64-T-38 and effective application of that protection through Decree-Law No
the National Institute of Historical and Artistic Heritage (Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional – IPHAN) has worked with the city
including through an emergency works team active at the site
the National Historical and Artistic Heritage Service (Serviço do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional – SPHAN/National Pro-Memory Foundation (Fundação Nacional Pró-Memória) developed two technical guidelines (Guidelines No
a new section created from removal of land from the Santa Casa de Caridade of Diamantina
with a view to organizing the implementation of new structures to ensure more effective integration of the area with the landmarked site
The Diamantina Master Plan (Municipal Law No
the object of recommendations by ICOMOS for purposes of recognition as a UNESCO Historical Site
establishes parameters for land use and occupation in both the Historical Site and surrounding areas
including at the foot of the Cristais Mountains
An addition safeguard in the legislation involved creation of the Technical Support Group (Grupo de Apoio Técnico – G.A.T) in order to promote joint review between IPHAN and the Municipal Government of new construction projects in areas surrounding the Historical Site
the IPHAN-MG superintendence issued Directive 12/2002 governing the limits and rules for urban-architectural intervention in the city’s architectural and urban complex and the surrounding areas
the Directive enhanced key municipal provision on land use and occupation in areas around the Historical Site
The State Institute of Historical and Artistic Heritage (Instituto Estadual do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico – IEPHA) designated the Cristais Mountains a Natural Property through a Provisional Landmark Designation approved on December 14
and a Permanent Landmark Designation approved by the State Cultural Heritage Council (Conselho Estadual do Patrimônio Cultural – CONEP) on November 19
expanding the legal protection of the natural monument
a landscape recognized as inseparable from the Historical Site
a joint initiative between IPHAN/Ministry of Culture and the Municipal Government has devoted significant financial resources toward management of the cultural heritage and the recovery of essential public and private historical landmark spaces and buildings in the city
Land marking studies in connection with the Cristais Mountains by IPHAN are currently under development
with a view to strengthening protection of the natural monument
one critical to understanding the context and singularity of the Diamantina Historical Site as a unique landscape
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Madrid invited Mexican composer Gabriela Ortiz to speak at the David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies two months ago
he hoped the talk would platform an artist just starting to receive international recognition for her combination of classical music with Latin influences
he joked at the beginning of Ortiz’s talk on Wednesday evening
that she would arrive on the stage with three new Grammy awards for her recent album
and a new prominence — both domestic and abroad — as a result
“Little did I know that since I talked to her and extended an invitation about two months ago
she would burst into the mainstream with a blinding flash,” Madrid said
who at first received a cold reception from the classical community because of the Mexican folk influences prominent in her work
is now a face of the Latin American classical movement
Her most recent album is a “politically engaged ballet” inspired by Mexico’s 2019 “Glitter Revolution,” a feminist uprising against pervasive violence toward women
Ortiz’s Revolución Diamantina fuses contemporary classical music with the rhythms of Mexican folk traditions and explores the theme of resistance using techniques such as prominent rhythmic patterns and percussive accents
A defining feature of the album is its use of polyrhythms
of which the complexity and energy mirror the character of the protest movement the album stems from
Ortiz lambasted the Eurocentrism she encountered within the field of classical music
which she said prioritized European classical traditions over the “very diverse,” “multicultural,” and “huge spectrum of composers with many different aesthetics” of Mexico and Latin America
She cited her experience being required to study overwhelmingly European composers while earning her Ph.D
with nothing in the required curriculum on her own region of origin
Ortiz also recalled a story about a Polish composer who delivered a lesson to her class while visiting her university
When she spoke with the composer afterward
she was taken aback to learn he knew little of classical music in Mexico and Latin America
“He didn’t know anything about Latin America,” she said
with no interest about what’s happening in Mexico,” she added
we know who they are — but they don’t know anything about Latin America.”
The composer’s rise was kickstarted just one year ago by a commission from the Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra to write the work “Téenek — Invenciones de Territorio,” which elevated her international profile with its positive reception
Ortiz currently serves as the Richard and Barbara Debs Composer’s Chair at Carnegie Hall
in which role she will present four new works
At the 67th Grammy Awards in early February
Ortiz’s album “Revolución Diamantina” won awards in Best Orchestral Performance
and Best Contemporary Classical Composition
The achievements marked a milestone for Latin American composers in a field long dominated by Europeans
Ortiz now also works as a professor at the National Autonomous University of Mexico
which she called an “important part” of her life
“To write music is a very isolated job,” she said
“Teaching becomes a place where I can share ideas with my students
and they can share their own ideas with me.”
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Marlon Modolo Zanotelli snatched Saturday's biggest win in Verona
The Brazilian rider played it cool with GB Diamantina in the CSI5* 1m55 main class.
Marlon Modolo Zanotelli clocked the winning round aboard GB Diamantina (Diamant de Semilly)
Just under two seconds ahead kept Andreas Schou with Billy Matador (Billy Mexico) at bay
The bronze was for Peder Fredricson and Alcapone des Carmille
Kevin Jochems managed to keep his cool with Casillas van de Helle and was allowed to return for the winning round with the 12-year-old son of Casall
Emanuele Gaudiano counted on the BWP stallion Nikolaj de Music (Kannan) and finished fourth with Walter Lelie's breeding product
Results
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AEST = Australian Eastern Standard Time which is 10 hours ahead of GMT (Greenwich Mean Time)
April 7, 2023JPEG
Today’s story is the answer to the April 2023 puzzler
The Diamantina River in Australia runs southwest from northern Queensland toward Lake Eyre (Kati Thanda) in South Australia—the lowest point on the continent
It is one of several rivers in the Lake Eyre Basin
which is situated in Australia’s desert interior and drains approximately 15 percent of the continent
seasonal rainfall sends water coursing through its channels and transforms the otherwise parched landscape
These false-color images illuminate the results of this phenomenon
and sediment-laden water and saturated soil are shades of blue
Bursts of vegetation growth that tend to follow in the wake of the floodwaters appear to be cropping up. A similar pulse of green is visible in images acquired in 2018
The wide view (top) shows a textbook example of an anabranching river, according to Sara Polanco
an expert in landscape dynamics and a lecturer at The University of Sydney
In contrast to the channels of braided rivers
the many channels in anabranching rivers are hemmed in by semi-permanent islands stabilized by vegetation
A detailed look at the lower-right portion of the wide view reveals other notable features. Here, some of the floodwaters divert into north-northwest trending ridges that are part of a fossil landscape of wind-formed dunes
it forms several small delta-like features
which some researchers refer to as floodouts
“They are ubiquitous in Australia,” said Polanco
“Sometimes it looks like the river channels just disappear
the connection between the channels and the surrounding landscape is finally revealed.”
About every eight years, rivers in the basin reach Lake Eyre. The Diamantina River has historically provided 75 percent of the lake’s water. Floodwaters have yet to flow that far this year
and it’s uncertain if there will be enough water to reach the lake
Most is lost to evaporation and transpiration along the way
Recent observations and the three-month streamflow forecast, from Australia’s Bureau of Meteorology, show levels near or slightly above the median, relative to historical records. On May 1, 2023, the bureau still had a minor flood warning in place for the town of Birdsville
about 130 kilometers (80 miles) downstream of these images
the report noted that flooding is easing and the river should soon dip below the minor flood level
NASA Earth Observatory images by Allison Nussbaum, using Landsat data from the U.S. Geological Survey
View this area in EO Explorer
False-color images from Channel Country in the Australian Outback reveal a barren landscape transformed
Heavy rains in Australia can have far-reaching consequences for both people and ecosystems
these images show flooding along the Missouri River near Hamburg
Heavy monsoon rains caused rivers to swell across Burma (Myanmar)
leading to most severe flooding the country has seen in decades
I met Gustavo in 2017 when he conducted my work for orchestra called Teenek
I was very impressed by his intelligent and immediate understanding of my music
it was as if we had worked together for several years
It is true that Gustavo and I share a cultural identity being Venezuelan and I Mexican
but I think our understanding goes far beyond this
The pieces on this album were commissioned by him and the Los Angeles Philharmonic and represent the result of a collaboration of many years
I think it has been a great learning experience for both of us and I am deeply grateful for his trust in me and for always allowing me to be myself through my music
The title of the ballet refers to the demonstration that took place in Mexico in 2019 where a police man raped a young girl and the women of Mexico City took to the streets in protest
They threw diamantina rosa (pink glitter powder) all over as if it was a weapon of peace
This ballet represents an unprecedented point in my musical production
For the first time I decided to highlight a deeply complex and painful subject: the different forms of violence against women that in many cases end in femicide
For this I had the opportunity to collaborate with the writer Rivera Garza
She proposed a poetic way to structure the ballet
precisely addressing these different forms of violence
as well as its stages and consequences; street protests and cries for justice; and finally
the aspiration that only by walking together will we be able to find a way out
Because the cause of these experiences is all of us: women
from the beginning I knew that I would write this concerto for the talented young violinist María Dueñas
Once I had the conceptual idea of the concerto
influenced by my previous flute concerto dedicated to Alejandro Escuer
As soon as I had the material I immediately sent it to María and there we began an exchange of ideas and proposals that led me to her final version
I was very impressed that in the first rehearsal Maria had not only solved the technical part but had also understood her aesthetics in a very deep way
Maria is a type of interpreter that takes the music to unexpected places with a maturity and musicality that is out of this world
Last weekend we premiered Altar de Cuerda with the LA Phil and Dudamel at the Barbican
My dream now is to bring to the stage my ballet Revolución Diamantina
with a ballet company and an original choreography concept… Let’s see
I’ve just finished composing a concerto for cello and orchestra dedicated to Alisa Weilerstein
so I've been listening to an enormous breadth of music from all genres and periods for this beautiful instrument
Adventure seekers can set their sights on Outback Queensland with the month-long Desert Champions Way: Outback Camel Trail – The Diamantina festival is set for 5 to 26 July
there’s something for every traveller on this bucket-list travel adventure
The month-long trail is set to become a cornerstone of sustainable tourism in Outback Queensland
and features two new outback events in the Betoota Desert Outback Muster and the Birdsville Camel Carnival
The newly created Birdsville Camel Carnival is supported by the Queensland Government
this inaugural event in Birdsville becomes a central part of the larger Outback Camel Trail
Set against the stunning backdrop of this picturesque township
the event offers visitors an authentic taste of Outback spirit
“Birdsville’s newest cultural event is presented alongside the John Williamson Big Red Sunset Concert
offering outback audiences a wealth of arts activity across several days,” Minister for the Arts
“The Crisafulli Government is proud to support Diamantina Shire Council to present the authentic Carnival experience
employment opportunities for artists and arts workers
and economic outcomes for the Birdsville community.”
is the ultimate showdown on the Desert Champions Way: Outback Camel Trail
this is one of Australia’s most iconic racing events
The big finale – The Better Beer Cup is Australia’s most prestigious camel race win
being the longest and the richest in Australia
the Encantada waterfall cascades down 283 meters (928 feet) until it reunites with the Samina riverbed
Sneaking through the canyon among rocks and trees
the waterway marks one of the borders of Chapada Diamantina National Park
is like its neighbor in many ways — it houses threatened species
water reservoirs and an endless supply of scenic beauty
Ongoing mineral prospecting near rivers and springs has raised the alarm among locals
who are concerned about the region’s water supply
the “Save Serra da Chapadinha” (originally “Salve a Serra da Chapadinha”) movement was created
setting off a race against time to establish a conservation unit
the official name that protected natural areas receive under Brazilian legislation
The popular mobilization was taken up by state representative Hilton Coelho
he forwarded a recommendation (n° 26.650/23) to Governor Jerônimo Rodrigues to transform Serra da Chapadinha into a protected area
The document emphasizes the need for legislation that grants the “preservation and conservation of one of the most important water recharge areas responsible for the water supply of 80 municipalities
the proposal was approved by the majority of the Bahia Legislative Assembly (ALBA) Steering Committee
“This was a fundamental step that the Bahian legislature took to express that there is an urgent need for state intervention to ensure the preservation and conservation of this environmental sanctuary
upon which many lives in Bahia depend,” celebrated the PSOL representative
adding that this movement doesn’t end in the Parliament
“We are spreading the local communities’ campaign in defense of Chapadinha with the support of members of PSOL in the Federal Chamber
entities and movements focused on the defense of water and the environment.”
An online petition for the creation of the conservation unit had already received more than 18,000 signatures at the completion of this article
the “Save Serra da Chapadinha” movement page has nearly 15,000 followers
While the type of conservation unit to be established was not specified
those orchestrating the movement say they believe it should be a wildlife refuge
a category that grants integral protection and does not require the displacement of landowners
as long as they align their activities with the objectives of the protected area
The proposal is currently being evaluated by the State Department of the Environment (Sema-BA)
Sema notes that it has already discussed the proposal with the governor and is “preparing for the possible establishment [of the conservation unit] that would culminate in the signing and publication of a decree
It’s not a quick process because it depends on studies
identification of conservation targets and of the best form of protection
along with consultations and public hearings to inform the entire population.”
the process also requires technical and financial support to conduct the studies
research institutions and civil society organizations
“It’s estimated that the process could take up to three years,” declares Sema
also acknowledging the hydrological significance of Serra da Chapadinha and its scenic beauty
The protected area would cover a territory of about 18,000 hectares (44,500 acres) spread across three municipalities
with two smaller sections in Mucugê and Ibicoara
The Ibicoara city hall sent a motion of support for the protection of the mountain range
emphasizing the growing pressure from real estate and extractive industries in the region and calling the state government to action for the creation of the protected area
The municipalities of Itaetê and Mucugê have not publicly commented on the proposal
The reporting team contacted both city halls
As the proposal to establish a protected area remains unrealized
the territory of Serra da Chapadinha continues to be vulnerable
One of the main parties interested in the “unprotection” of the region is the mining industry
which covers almost the entire mountain range with prospecting initiatives aimed at mineral extraction
there are more than 14,000 hectares (34,600 acres) of areas authorized for prospecting in the region
according to open data from the National Mining Agency
The majority of requests pertain to iron ore
but there’s also an interest in quartzite and diamonds
which were heavily exploited in the region in the past
The search for these precious stones is already underway and covers 149 hectares (368 acres) located on the edge of the range
near the entrance to the canyon leading to the Encantada waterfall
The area is close to the water source that supplies the Baixão settlement
The prospecting process began in 2017 and has a permit valid until 2025
the company is authorized to make an initial exploration of the area — without commercial ends — to assess deposits and define the economic viability of extraction
The greatest concern of residents is at the foot of the mountains
where iron ore is being prospected on the banks of the Timbozinho River
“This activity [mining] has already shown too many traces of the destruction it leaves in the territories where it is established
It is an enterprise that endangers the environment
Indigenous peoples and traditional communities that make ancestral use of the territories so coveted by this type of high-impact exploration,” emphasizes Coelho
Our team visited the site at the beginning of June accompanied by a resident who will not be identified for security reasons
We walked about 500 meters (1,640 feet) — just a part of the prospected area — along narrow trails that ascend and descend a forested hill
trenches have been dug to reveal the buried part of the rock
Much of the surface of the rocks not covered by dirt or vegetation shines and displays black veins
Less than 100 meters (328 feet) separate the trail next to the rocks from the bed of the Timbozinho River
how are they going to remove all this without impacting the river
they’ll take the forest along with it and it will all end up in the river,” says the resident
after receiving reports of irregular iron extraction and deforestation
the Institute of Environment and Water Resources (Inema) conducted an inspection operation that resulted in a temporary suspension of activities
“But this action by Inema is still insufficient
The interdiction was made in only a quarter of the region,” says Coelho
The reporting team reached out to Inema for more details about these activities
whether the company was fined and whether mineral exploration has resumed
Mining company Novo Rumo is based in the municipality of Itaetê and was created in February 2023
The request to prospect the area was initially filed in 2017 and was passed around three different titular companies before being granted
One of the current partners in the company
actively carries mineral prospecting in two neighboring areas of 1,998 and 998.55 hectares (4,937 and 2,467 acres)
Both were initiated in 2022 and have permits valid until 2025
The reporting team attempted to contact the phone numbers listed in the registration forms of Novo Rumo Mining and Tree Stone
filed on May 26 this year by the mining company Ubax Ltd.
covering 827 hectares (2,043 acres) on both sides of the Una River
authorization for mineral prospecting had not yet been granted
I will do whatever I can to oppose it.”
Colônia is the oldest and largest settlement in the region
with 8,000 hectares (19,768 acres) and nearly 300 families
It is one of the closest to Serra da Chapadinha
all nine settlements in Itaetê and the three Quilombola communities in the region depend on water coming from the mountain range
more than a thousand families would be in a much more vulnerable situation,” emphasizes anthropologist Claudio Dorado from the Pastoral Land Council (CPT) of Bahia
the Movement for Popular Sovereignty in Mining (MAM)
and the Observatory of Socio-Environmental Conflicts in Chapada Diamantina are leading the initiative to establish a conservation unit in Serra da Chapadinha
these organizations are sending a letter to the Ministry of Environment and Climate Change about the importance of protecting the mountain range
mining will impact the region’s economy
“There’s even a risk of land reconcentration because they [settlers] will no longer be able to survive in the area
and the mining company itself or some farmer will start speculating in the area and concentrating land,” he explains
The reporting team from ((o))eco ventured into the field to explore Serra da Chapadinha
we weaved upward the mountains via a dirt road
we crossed a marshland turned into a mud pit by the wheels of tractors and trucks
“They’re widening the road,” our local guide
“They’re improving access so the trucks can climb up and transport the timber.”
The territory of Chapada Diamantina is under special regulations by the Atlantic Forest Law
provides extra protection for vegetation and stricter rules for economic exploitation
Among the unique environments on the mountain range are the high-altitude wetlands
The area is rich in candeia (Eremanthus erythropappus)
Its timber is heavily exploited to make fence posts
but the tree’s true value lies in the medicinal properties of the oil extracted from its bark
which is sold raw or distilled (into alpha-bisabolol
“They’ve been buying up everyone’s land
They’re going to take all the candeia,” Sidney warns
pointing to a dozen trees visible from the roadside
we could hear the noise of a chainsaw in an area facing the “Fazenda Sossego da Chapadinha” sign belonging to the Citroflora company
approximately 120 kilometers (75 miles) from Serra da Chapadinha
According to the records in the Brazilian corporate registry (Cadastro de Pessoa Jurídica)
the company’s primary activity is the production of industrial additives
Secondary activities include the production of crude vegetable oils
logging and charcoal production in planted forests
It’s for sale,” Nivaldo Pamplona
told ((o))eco over the phone when questioned about the property on Serra da Chapadinha
We’re creating firebreaks because there are a lot of fires there
We’re contributing to the road from the [village of] Rumo all the way up there,” he asserts
he says some of the forest had to be cut down
You can’t make a firebreak 1 meter wide
all was done with permission from the environmental agency
Inema did not respond to our inquiries about the property and the licensed activities in the mountains
“It’s a region with lots of candeia
but it’s very complicated to work in
even in terms of labor,” laments the owner
“I’m finishing the work on the road and everyone is in shock
difficulties in working,” he continues
is the only property the company owns in the mountains
Nivaldo says he was unaware of the proposed conservation unit in Serra da Chapadinha
one can see a few abandoned houses and farms
few people live in the higher part of the mountain range
One of the exceptions is the Toca do Lobo Inn
where a couple from São Paulo decided to start their life anew away from the hustle and bustle of big cities
Alcione and Marco arrived at Chapadinha in 2007
they have become the only option for tourists wishing to explore the still-unknown beauties of this mountain range
“Rarely do more than eight people come; usually we receive two
The couple took me to one of the local attractions
seems to defy gravity at the edge of the cliff
prehistoric paintings from an archaeological site still unstudied by the National Institute of Historical and Artistic Heritage (IPHAN) remain preserved
The rock is located at the entrance to the canyon where the Samina River meanders
and it is possible to have a panoramic view of the region from there
as the wind that carved the stone toys with our hair
“Over there is the Baixão settlement,” Alcione points out
“The water they use comes from up here,” he adds
covering more than 80 municipalities and 1.7 million people
Serra da Chapadinha also plays a crucial role in Bahia’s water security
housing rivers and springs that feed the Una River
“Serra da Chapadinha is one of the most crucial water recharge areas in Bahia
All this water doesn’t originate from dams or gray engineering structures
All the water we’re discussing is generated in the water recharge zones in the Chapada Diamantina
which still retain a naturally preserved condition to supply surface water bodies and underground aquifers,” asserts Coelho
who proposed the creation of the conservation unit
mentions that the Chapadinha range has a cultural significance for the locals
who traditionally used the area for animal husbandry and farming during the dry season
these lands have been privatized and speculated
leading to a “land monopoly” and jeopardizing water as a common good
“The vegetation of Serra da Chapadinha serves not to produce food
Only the traditional temporary management that was done can be carried out in that location,” he adds
scarcely studied and seldom visited part of the Chapada Diamantina compared with the neighboring national park
its most frequent visitors are cougars (Puma concolor)
brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira) and white-lipped peccaries (Tayassu pecari)
The fauna list also includes endangered species
such as the blond titi monkey (Callicebus barbarabrownae) and the buff-headed capuchin (Sapajus xanthosternos)
both primates considered critically endangered
has even led the National Research and Conservation Center of Brazilian Primates (CPB/ICMBio) to express
via an official letter accessible to the reporting team
their support for a protected area in Serra da Chapadinha
Several of these sightings were made possible thanks to the initiative of a couple
They decided to install camera traps to understand which species were circulating in the area
we’ve already recorded more than 25 species of terrestrial mammals
several of which are threatened,” shares Alcione
the northern tiger cat (Leopardus tigrinus)
a feline endangered in the country; the ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) and the jaguarundi (Herpailurus yagouaroundi)
The couple has also documented a species of lizard found only in the Chapada Diamantina (Acratosaura spinosa) and a species of freshwater jellyfish yet to be described by science
“Serra da Chapadinha is a sanctuary for biodiversity,” Alcione emphasizes
such as the paina-caboclo (Heterocoma erecta)
endemic to the rocky fields of Bahia and classified as endangered
is something that stands out in the Chapada
As the name Cachoeira Encantada — Enchanted Waterfall — already announces
and more and more people are discovering the charms of Serra da Chapadinha
I guide three times a month,” says Sidney
especially compared with the flow in the neighboring national park
but it represents an economic alternative and a tool for valuing the heritage that is Serra da Chapadinha
it is necessary to protect the nature that finds refuge there
Railroad and mine projects stir up anxiety in rural Brazil communities
Banner image: A panoramic view of Serra da Chapadinha
The “fortress conservation” model is under pressure in East Africa
as protected areas become battlegrounds over history
and global efforts to halt biodiversity loss
Mongabay’s Special Issue goes beyond the region’s world-renowned safaris to examine how rural communities and governments are reckoning with conservation’s colonial origins
and trying to forge a path forward […]
Smeg’s La Pavoni Diamantina coffee machine makes the perfect shot of espresso – but it’ll cost you
Smeg and La Pavoni have just launched the new Diamantina semi-professional espresso machine
‘God Shot’ feature and a dual boiler system
the Smeg La Pavoni Diamantina is available to buy now for £4,999.95
Smeg and La Pavoni has just announced the launch of the Diamantina
its new semi-professional espresso machine
Designed to enhance your at-home coffee experience
the Smeg La Pavoni Diamantina might be the fanciest coffee machine I’ve ever seen… and it certainly proves that with its price
Founded in 1905, La Pavoni is a heritage coffee maker brand that was acquired by Smeg in 2019. Having developed some of the best espresso coffee machines on the market
the La Pavoni brand has become increasingly recognisable with its premium designs
Described as a semi-professional espresso machine
the Smeg La Pavoni Diamantina gives users more control over their coffee while taking care of the more technical aspects
making it ideal for both beginners and experts
The Smeg La Pavoni Diamantina is designed to create the ‘God Shot’ or the perfect shot of espresso
the Smeg La Pavoni Diamantina grinds coffee beans to your preferences and desired strength
the espresso maker allows users to brew coffee and steam milk with the wands at the same time
to enhance flavour and to keep everything at the right temperature
Everything about the Smeg La Pavoni Diamantina has been designed to make the perfect espresso
including its boiler system and water control
the Smeg La Pavoni Diamantina has a BPPC flow control mechanism that can adjust the water pressure on the coffee puck to offer the best results for all types of coffee bean
(Image credit: Smeg)(Image credit: Smeg)While the Smeg La Pavoni Diamantina looks a little complicated and intimidating
the design of the espresso maker is the real star of the show
It has quite a bulky size but the hexagonal shape pairs perfectly with the diamond patterned aesthetic which is a modern interpretation of La Pavoni’s ‘Concorso’ series
the Smeg La Pavoni Diamantina has sharp lines
curved handles and a cup warmer to keep your coffee cups warm and ready for coffee
The Smeg La Pavoni Diamantina is easily the fanciest and most attractive coffee machine I’ve ever seen
it’s unsurprising that it has a pretty high price tag
The Smeg La Pavoni Diamantina will set you back £4,999.95
so it’s a luxury appliance that might not be attainable for everyone
home and active products from the T3 experts
From the comfiest mattresses to strange things you can cook in an air fryer
chances are Beth knows about it and has the latest reviews and recommendations
She's also in the know about the latest deals and discount codes from top brands and retailers
Having always been passionate about writing
newspapers and magazines on a variety of topics
You can find her work across numerous sites
baking and attempting craft projects that will probably end in disaster
Although several studies have explored microbial communities in different terrestrial subsurface ecosystems
little is known about the diversity of their metabolic processes and survival strategies
The advance of bioinformatic tools is allowing the description of novel and not-yet cultivated microbial lineages in different ecosystems
due to the genome reconstruction approach from metagenomic data
The recovery of genomes has the potential of revealing novel lifestyles
metabolic processes and ecological roles of microorganisms
mainly in ecosystems that are largely unknown
and in which cultivation could be not viable
it was possible to reconstruct several genomes of cultivated and not-yet cultivated prokaryotic lineages from a quartzite cave
which showed to possess a high diversity of genes involved with different biogeochemical cycles
including reductive and oxidative pathways related to carbon
based on their lifestyles (radiation resistance
anaerobic methane oxidation and potential iron oxidation) for pangenomic analysis
which exhibited genes involved with different DNA repair strategies
Since these groups have few reference genomes deposited in databases
our study adds important genomic information about these lineages
The combination of techniques applied in this study allowed us to unveil the potential relationships between microbial genomes and their ecological processes with the cave mineralogy
as well as to discuss their implications for the search for extant lifeforms outside our planet
Description physicochemical parameters and mineralogy of samples from Monte Cristo cave
and the number of reads obtained from shotgun metagenomics
The elemental concentrations are expressed in values of ppm (mg/kg or mg/L) related to each 1g of solubilized sample
ex-NASA Space Station Payload manager/space biologist
Devon Island and Everest Base Camp veteran
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Sandoval is preceded in death by her parents
Cosme Mante Guerra and Belia Herrera de Mante; father-in-law
She is survived by her beloved husband of 52 years
and Daniel (Joanne) Sandoval; grandchildren
and Cosme (Juany) Mante Herrera; sister-in-law
Sandoval is also survived by 7 great-grandchildren
and many nieces and nephews that loved her very much
from Hillside Funeral Home to San Luis Rey Catholic Church
Interment will follow to the family plot of Calvary Catholic Cemetery
Rene Gonzalez and Juan Carlos Cardenas.
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The Queensland Government's announcement today to permanently protect the Cooper's Creek
and Diamantina rivers is momentous for western Queensland
Declared Wild Rivers under the government's Wild Rivers Act
this designation will create confidence for graziers over water supplies and deliver long-term benefits for the region's natural environment
Ten million acres in western Queensland will be protected as a result of this designation
along with the prohibition of coal seam gas development in the region's rivers and floodplains
the creation of ten new Indigenous conservation ranger jobs
and the delivery of a support package for local government and catchment groups to control weeds and feral animals
“Protection of these rivers is ground-breaking and a great reassurance to graziers,” said Angus Emmott with the Australian Floodplain Association
and a third generation grazier from Noonbah Station in western Queensland
“These systems are dry desert rivers
some of the best beef country anywhere in Australia is created
Protection under the Wild Rivers Act means new mining and coal seam gas is now prohibited from our waterways and vast floodplains,” said Mr Emmott
and Diamantina rivers are great Australian icons–immortalized by Bush poet Banjo Patterson
and the site of the tragic deaths of explorers Burke and Wills
They form one of the last near-natural desert river systems left in the world
The area transforms during wet times from an arid environment to one bursting with fish
as masses of water travel hundreds of kilometers from the western slopes of the Great Dividing Range in North Queensland to South Australia's Lake Eyre
we as a community had to fight tremendously hard to keep cotton irrigators from killing Cooper's Creek
The main threat now is from mining and coal seam gas
Having our river protected under the Wild Rivers Act sends a signal to the mining industry to keep away from our rivers and floodplains
so we can manage them for future generations,” said Bob Morrish
chairman of the Cooper's Creek Protection Group
The declaration follows almost three years of extensive
the majority of it driven and shaped by the leadership within western Queensland's local governments
“What we have experienced with Cooper's Creek
and Diamantina rivers in western Queensland is some of the most successful consensus-driven community policy development Australia has seen
catchment and natural resource management groups
and conservation and producer organisations came together in a spirit of cooperation
The result has fulfilled the promise of the Wild Rivers Act and provided the protection needed for these globally significant rivers in the Channel Country,” said Barry Traill, director of the Pew Environment Group's Australia program
To learn more about these Wild Rivers protections, read the Queensland Government's statement
The Pew Charitable Trusts uses data to make a difference
Pew addresses the challenges of a changing world by illuminating issues
and advancing ambitious projects that lead to tangible progress
By MATTHEW PHELAN SENIOR SCIENCE REPORTER FOR DAILYMAIL.COM
13 September 2024 | Updated: 15:40 BST
Ominous images of a perfectly spherical UFO
seemingly dotted with yellow 'landing lights,' have left some researchers certain one is 'the first selfie with a UFO in history.'
according to one of Meireles' UFO-hunting peers
was years of 'threats and intrigues' — with two members of their group 'killed by the military' and three more 'abducted.'
his sighting in one of South America's most scenic ecological preserves led to a raid on his home by 'soldiers in camouflage and black.'
taken by Brazilian UFO researcher and author Edie Meireles in 2011 (pictured)
show the an ominous apparent craft above a hiking trail to 'La cascada de la purificación' - a chilly waterfall in the South American nation's high-altitude Chapada Diamantina national park
March 2022 post to the group UFOs Bahai on Facebook
Meireles boasted that his candid snap was 'the only selfie with a flying saucer.' Above
a second and less clear 'UFO selfie' from Meireles' alleged encounter with a flying orb in Chapada Diamantina national park
was years of 'threats and intrigues' — with two members of their group 'killed by the military' and three more 'abducted.' Above
another photo from Meireles' 2011 UFO encounter
have alleged that the photos are everything from 'sky lanterns' held aloft by hot air from candles to outright doctored images
DailyMail.com reached out to Meireles for further comment — but the researcher, who serves as admin for 'el Grupo de Pesquisa Tecnológica Extra Avançada' ('the Extra-Advanced Technology Research Group') on Facebook has not replied
Meireles boasted that his candid snaps were 'the only selfie with a flying saucer.'
And, in a submission to Brazilian nonprofit Museu da Pessoa (Museum of the Person) the UFO researcher recounted his trips back to the national park for repeated
encounters with these UFOs and their occupants
Those expeditions, documented in his book Fieldworkers: Pesquisadores de Campo in 2016, according to Meireles, led to further unwanted encounters with the military.
'The result of the interrogation was [...] Fractures: 4 left ribs and left knee [...] Perforation with bleeding in the left lung,' and worse, Meireles told the nonprofit.
'I was hospitalized for 12 days at the Chapada Regional Hospital
my medical history is there for anyone who wants to investigate,' according to the Brazilian UFO researcher
Meireles' version of his UFO experiences at the national park
includes more surreal encounters with beings and a prophecy of global environmental cataclysm: 'a natural collapse
and wood for construction,' as he told the nonprofit museum
Fact or fiction, his story has a fitting setting in Brazil's Chapada Diamantina National Park, established in September 1985 to protect a host of rare, endangered species native to these Atlantic Forest plateaus 3,000 feet about sea level.
Brazil's giant armadillo (Priodontes maximus)
its giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) and Chaco eagle (Buteogallus coronatus) are all protected species that call the park home
another photo from Meireles' 2011 UFO encounter
lateral blur on the apparent craft appears to indicate a form of propulsion in another photo alleged to be from Meireles' 2011 UFO encounter
another image of lateral blur on the apparent 'alien spacecraft' - which appears to indicate a form of propulsion in another image from Meireles' alleged 2011 UFO encounter
One account of the 2011 sighting
described a UFO whose onboard devices or novel means of propulsion managed to either accidentally or intentionally leave him stranded in the park
'I got out of the car and photographed,' according to a Reddit posting quoting Meireles
'It was an indescribable wonderful emotion to have photographed a UFO so clearly visible.'
the account continues: 'About 40 minutes later
'I saw a light on the hood and I looked up and there was a UFO standing on top of my car
I opened the door and ran,' the account continues
'I even stopped to take a Selfie with them
My car was towed by a tractor the next day
'Mosquito Waterfall,' one of many waterfalls like the 'La cascada de la purificación' from Meireles' UFO encounter
visited by tourists of Brazil's Chapada Diamantina National Park
a final known image from Meireles' alleged 2011 UFO encounter
this time with less fog or low-lying cloud cover along the trail in Brazil's Chapada Diamantina National Park
An aerial view of Chapada Diamantina National Park in Bahia state
tourists admire the 'Poco Encantado' (aka 'the Enchanted Well') a sunken
subterranean pool and tourist destination at Chapada Diamantina National Park
Some champions of Meireles' UFO research have attributed the murky stories around his incredibly crisp and visually compelling photographs to the alleged hostile encounters with the military
Hélio Nunes de Camargo, the self-decribed founder of UFOs na Chapada – Centro Ufológico da Chapada Diamantina
wrote that Meireles' UFOs Bahai research group disbanded over the alleged military harassments and violence
'They are leaving UFOlogy to live their own lives away from threats and intrigues,' Nunes de Camargo wrote in a 2014 post to his group's Facebook page
The UFO researcher recounted the deaths and abductions that UFOs Bahai is alleged to have faced
adding: 'They told me that families are suffering a lot and they don't want to make other families suffer.'
'The fact that he's [Meireles] still uploading those photos to his Facebook account every few months proves that might not be correct,' Reddit user spriz2 opined.
'I've written to Edie multiple times on Facebook over the last year to try and gain more knowledge on this event,' the Redditer explained
not only found the case credible but believed they had seen this same UFO themselves
'Holy F***, this is identical to what I saw right before Covid hit,' one Redditer, who goes by ehtseeoh
The poster said that the bottom of the craft he saw 'rotated when it glowed red with an orange center
and then it did a quick zig zag and it was gone,' making 'zero sound' as it vanished in an instant
'I screamed laughed and cried,' the poster said
'FINALLY the orb I've been looking for online
DailyMail.com also reached out to noted UFO skeptic and computer programmer Mick West of Sacramento
who weighed-in saying: 'They look photoshopped to me
The prolific, skeptically minded, UFO researcher and former video game designer noted that UFO cases like this
with limited information like static images and inconsistent eye-witness testimony
should always be taken with a grain of salt
'In cases like this we need actual evidence that the photos are NOT fake before attempting to explain them,' West told DailyMail.com via email
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the “Diamond Plateau,” is an expansive national park located about 250 miles west of Salvador
Named for its world-renowned diamond mines that were in operation from the mid-1800s up through the latter half of the 1900s
this protected park now focuses on a different kind of jewel: natural wonders
Chapada Diamantina National Park is not for travelers who prefer a relaxing
Native bird calls are more frequent than the sound of samba beats
and late nights spent dancing are traded in for pre-dawn mornings on the trail
if your clients are eager to explore caves
hike mountains and swim in subterranean pools
Chapada Diamantina appealed to me for its blend of traditional culture
my Intrepid Travel guide was up for the challenge of exploring as much as possible in three nights and four days
How to Get ThereGetting to Chapada Diamantina is part of the adventure
Visitors can take a five- to six-hour car or bus ride from Salvador or save time with a one-hour direct flight to Lencois
Lencois is a prime home base for exploring the park
Not only is this former mining town well-positioned to have easy access to the best day trips of Chapada Diamantina
but its colonial architecture and Bohemian vibe also make it a destination unto itself
the streets buzz with locals and visitors winding down with a beer and carne-de-sol (sundried beef) as they rest their weary legs
A variety of charming hotels and family-run pousadas (inns) offer clients a range of accommodation options from luxurious to budget-friendly
but this remoteness only adds to its charm
All its visitors have worked hard to arrive here
but these efforts don’t end upon arrival; travel within the national park’s 400,000 acres is a big part of the experience
A sturdy four-wheel drive vehicle and a tough attitude are required as bouncing around on rocky dirt roads — which are laden with potholes — is inevitable
Poco do DiaboHardly as foreboding as it sounds
Poco do Diabo (Devil’s Pool) is one of the park’s most accessible hikes
Bonus: It is only 30 minutes by car from Lencois
leads visitors on a well-marked trail along the ridge of a mountain
which features a bird's-eye vista of the waterfall
they can carefully navigate down to the cold Poco do Diabo for a refreshing yet brisk swim
The whole experience can take under an hour
but budget in some more time to take photos
play in the mineral-rich waters or enjoy a cliffside picnic
might be the major highlight of the entire national park
It will take around two hours to reach via a dusty
and the rigorous descent into the darkness of the cave calls for hard hats and headlamps
But the payoff is huge: My first glimpse of this deep-blue pool was literally breathtaking
crystalline waters reflects the rest of the cave so flawlessly
it almost seems like there is no water in it all
the quiet beauty of Poco Encantado can be fully appreciated because swimming is not allowed
The best time to visit is during April to September
the only months where sunlight filters through a narrow shaft in the cave and illuminates the famous pool
Poco AzulClients will head back in the 4x4 to reach the second famous subterranean grotto: Poco Azul
a canoe was required to ferry us across a stream and then bring us to the cave’s entrance
The 75-degree Poco Azul allows swimming in its glittering
filtered light reacts to the magnesium levels in the pool and turns the water into an almost electric shade of turquoise
be sure to look down — with water this clear
the pool’s bottom located 60 feet deep appears almost within grasp
Morro do Pai InacioChange up the elevation with a summit climb at Morro do Pai Inacio (Mount of Pai Inacio)
a jewel of the national park that should not be skipped
Visitors should time the experience to occur before sunset
which will allow for a leisurely ascent and plenty of time to marvel at the 360-degree view at the top
and a steady flow of fellow sunset-seekers
allowing visitors to wander freely across its wide expanse
With seemingly endless views of the other flat-topped mountains
the hardest part is determining how to capture this magnificent experience on camera
My suggestion would be to put the camera down and just bask in its beauty firsthand — you’ve earned it
Fazenda PratinhaOwned by the same family for generations
this natural amusement park of sorts earns the label as the most commercialized of all the sites within Chapada Diamantina National Park
if you put the crowds and inflated prices aside
there are a few unique activities that make Fazenda Pratinha worth a pit stop
A cliffside zipline that plummets into the water definitely pumps up the adrenaline for thrill-seekers
I preferred the snorkeling experience inside a pitch-black
we silently glided through the clear waters
maneuvering around corners and tight spaces
and trying not to jump when surprised by schools of silvery fish
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The tragic disappearance of Malaysia Airlines flight MH370 on 8 March 2014 led to a deep-ocean search effort of unprecedented scale and detail
geophysical survey teams aboard ships used echo sounding techniques to create state-of-the-art maps of the seafloor topography and profiles of the sediments below the ocean floor in a zone spanning about 279,000 square kilometers of the southeastern Indian Ocean
The curved search swath is 75 to 160 kilometers wide, and it sweeps from northeast to southwest. It centers on Broken Ridge and extends roughly 2500 kilometers from the eastern flank of Batavia Seamount to the Geelvinck Fracture Zone (Figure 1). Aircraft debris found along the shores of the western Indian Ocean is consistent with drift modeling that indicates the aircraft entered the sea in the search area
high-resolution acoustic and optical imaging instruments with the ability to identify aircraft wreckage
Get the most fascinating science news stories of the week in your inbox every Friday
and Venus resolve 100-meter features [Copley
The high-resolution multibeam echo sounder data set that emerged from this search effort covered an area about the size of New Zealand
Ship-mounted multibeam echo sounders that use sound waves that echo off the ocean floor provide much finer and more accurate topographic data for the deep ocean floor with a spatial resolution (as distinct from a vertical resolution) of at least 100 m in 5000-meter water depths
only 10%–15% of the ocean basins have been mapped using multibeam echo sounders [Weatherall et al.
This technique also records acoustic backscatter from the ocean floor
which can be used to distinguish between hard rock and soft sediment
Such fundamental spatial information is essential for characterizing the physical features of the ocean floor
for making inferences on geological and oceanographic processes
and for identifying the habitats of species that live on the ocean floor
Only 10%–15% of the ocean basins have been mapped using multibeam echo sounders
The MH370 search area includes all of the major elements of the mosaic
and it lies in water depths between 635 and 6300 meters (Figure 1)
The search teams mapped most of the area with a 30-kilohertz multibeam echo sounder system (Kongsberg EM302
and they mapped much smaller areas with 12-kilohertz systems
which can reach the deeper ocean floor (Kongsberg EM122
Here we highlight three examples from this shipboard multibeam echo sounder data set that are helping to illuminate the geologic development of this portion of the Indian Ocean
Broken Ridge and the Kerguelen Plateau formed mostly as a contiguous large igneous province in Cretaceous time [Coffin et al.
They subsequently experienced rifting and were eventually separated by seafloor spreading along the Southeast Indian Ridge (SEIR) 43 million years ago [Mutter and Cande
The southern flank of Broken Ridge, known as the Diamantina Escarpment, documents the rifting, plunging more than 5100 meters from its crest (638 meters of water depth) into a deep trough (5800 meters of water depth). This rifted flank includes escarpments rising more than 1000 m above the ocean floor
and fault blocks about 12 by 25 kilometers in size and rising more than 1200 meters above their base (Figure 2)
integrated with preexisting seismic reflection and drilling data
and overlying sediment that accumulated on the ocean floor during (hemipelagic sediment) and after (pelagic sediment) rifting
The morphology and seismic stratigraphy of the Diamantina Escarpment indicate that the mode of rifting resembled an orthogonal rift model
in which faults develop parallel to the axis of spreading
a series of elongated blocks of crustal material
steps down into a deep trough and abuts the spreading ridge volcanics [Karner and Driscoll
with igneous basement rocks overlain by sedimentary rock and pelagic sediment [e.g.
slides and debris flows have reworked sediment downslope
about 90 kilometers in diameter and with about 500 meters of relief
lies some 70 kilometers northeast of the crest of Broken Ridge (Figure 3)
Numerous crosscutting retrogressive slides (where the collapsing area extends progressively higher up the slope) and debris flows dissect the flanks of the depression
with slide scarps as much as 180 meters high and 10 kilometers wide and debris fans more than 150 kilometers long
normal oceanic crust of the Australian-Antarctic Basin has formed along the SEIR at intermediate spreading rates of 59–75 millimeters per year [Small et al.
The shipboard multibeam echo sounder data swath traverses a region of crust north of the SEIR that is some 10 to 40 million years old
obliquely cutting across tectonic seafloor spreading fabric consisting of elongated abyssal ridges and fracture zones (Figure 1)
which lies in water depths of 2200 to 5000 meters
is characterized by SEIR and paleo-SEIR segments some 200 to 500 kilometers long (Figure 1) [Small et al.
fracture zone valleys are as much as 900 meters deep and 12 kilometers wide
The abyssal ridges have as much as 200 meters of relief and are more than 70 kilometers long (Figure 4)
Discontinuities along the paleo-SEIR not associated with transform faults and more than 150 sea knolls and seamounts are also common (Figure 4)
Volcanoes occur in isolation and in chains
with diameters of about 500 meters to more than 15 kilometers and slopes of about 10° to 30°
The new data highlight the topographic complexity of the ocean floor and provided a framework for deploying deepwater instruments in the search for MH370 wreckage
The new multibeam echo sounder data highlight the topographic complexity of the ocean floor and provided a framework for deploying deepwater instruments in the search for MH370 wreckage
The data also revealed details of the tectonic
and volcanic processes that formed this region of the ocean
This effort demonstrates the breadth and depth of knowledge that will be gained as the remaining 85% to 90% of the global ocean is mapped at similar resolution
and Jonathan Weales for data processing and mapping; and Silvio Mezzomo and David Arnold for the figures
We are thankful for insightful reviews by Scott Nichol and Ron Hackney of Geoscience Austrialia and two anonymous reviewers
The search for MH370 was managed by the Australian Transport Safety Bureau and the Joint Agency Coordination Centre for the Malaysian government
and the masters and crews of M/V Fugro Equator
and Zhu Kezhen for shipboard multibeam echo sounder data acquisition
Argus, D. F., R. G. Gordon, and C. DeMets (2011), Geologically current motion of 56 plates relative to the no net rotation reference frame, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 12, Q11001, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GC003751
Copley, J. T. (2014), Just how little do we know about the ocean floor?, Conversation, 9 Oct. 2014, http://theconversation.com/just-how-little-do-we-know-about-the-ocean-floor-32751
Rift flank topography and extensional basin architecture: Formation of Broken Ridge
Müller, R. D., M. Sdrolias, C. Gaina, and W. R. Roest (2008), Age, spreading rates, and spreading asymmetry of the world’s ocean crust, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 9, Q04006, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GC001743
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Kim Picard (email: [email protected]) and Brendan Brooke
Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies
Australia; and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Editor’s note: For more on how much of the seafloor under commercial flight paths remains unmapped, read this opinion piece on Eos.org
Picard, K.,Brooke, B., and Coffin, M. F. (2017), Geological insights from Malaysia Airlines flight MH370 search, Eos, 98, https://doi.org/10.1029/2017EO069015
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