She writes about the present to give her reader a glimpse of a future that is just around the corner. The columns of Eliane Brum (Ijuí screams issued at the top of her lungs that warn of the climate emergency or her analysis of her country Brazil’s gravest problems as if wanting to make sure that her interlocuters pay the appropriate amount of attention to every word wrote the book Banzeiro Òkòtó: The Amazon as the Center of the World It’s a combination of journalistic reporting and a plea from the heart of the climate emergency It is also a personal chronicle of the profound transformation she experienced when she left São Paulo to live in the heart of the Amazon which is located on the banks of the Xingu River speaking out on ecology is as dangerous and politically toxic as it is difficult to find a house with a garden patio Steeped in three decades’ worth of journalism gave birth to a Spanish language journalism platform created in the Amazon called Sumaúma She wears the majestic tree in a tattoo on her forearm Her interview with EL PAÍS takes place in a coffee shop during Brum’s brief stopover in São Paulo traversing the more than 1,860 miles between the two cities requires three flights do you read in the hammock before you go to sleep A tailor in Altamira invented a marvelous technology Now it’s much easier because I have a Kindle with a light because the rainforest demands one’s total presence I read The Navel of the World by Fran Baniwa in which she answers to how whites have constructed the anthropology of her people I have been writing so that I do not die and do not kill.” An impressive statement What was it like growing up in a small town in southern Brazil That phrase comes from an event that happened when I was five or six years old was the first person in the family to learn to read He founded a university that was considered subversive; and I was the daughter of that communist He created a school in a rural area that ascribed to the Paulo Freire method with a calendar that respected harvest times a curriculum created in collaboration with small farmers… And the mayor who was of the same political party as the dictatorship don’t be sad.” I never forgot that condescending phrase I’m going to burn down City Hall.” I knew it was wrong but I grew up in a world of idealism and struggle a way of starting a fire without committing a crime It’s been a while since I’ve written strict reporting You say that the Amazon traps you like an anaconda The second way was an Indigenous person named Xingu who Funai (the National Foundation of Indigenous Peoples) brought to the town to give speeches He was placed in such pitiful accommodations that we invited him over and he stayed at our house for a while from a text that I had previously intuited as violent The Amazon came to me through those experiences I traveled there for the first time in 1997 and as [Carlos] Drummond de Andrade’s poetry says which you call “the frontline of the most important battle of our times.” What was your motivation For a decade, I had closely followed families who had been expelled from the rainforest by [the construction of the hyrdroelectric dam] Belo Monte That gave me another perspective on the climate crisis I understood that we were in a moment that required creating things that did not exist I met a person who lived next to the river named Raimunda Silva That’s the best way: it’s slow and you don’t make any noise she had seen the island where she lived with her husband had set fire to the house with all their belongings inside asking forgiveness for not having been able to save them She also told me that her husband had been to the Norte Energía office to negotiate but what are you going to negotiate when you have no choice and tried to convince his family that he wanted to immolate himself on the island to draw the world’s attention We put together a team of psychoanalysts to listen to the suffering of the displaced but I thought: “I defend the notion that the Amazon the site of life — not the market — are the center of the world Either we make a radical shift when it comes to what the center and periphery are or we have no options when it comes to facing the climate crisis.” You like to define yourself as a listener first What do you learn from the rainforest communities When I looked at the rainforest from here [São Paulo] I remember the first fire I lived through there That’s when I understood that I was seeing holocausts Because each tree is a planet connected to another planet insects dying… Some with intolerable suffering it only falls into silence when it has died And it shows the extent to which absolutely everything is connected Understanding interdependence is quite transformational I share my house with many other beings that live with me toads… There is a type of ant that comes by once or twice a year; one day you wake up and there they are we try to drive them out if they are poisonous I also learned that one of the principal tools of struggle there are weeks that almost every day something very brutal happens that affects people I know It is impossible to deny that we live in a war Without anywhere to shut the door and hide I am in the banziero (an Amazonian term for the point at which the river turns into a vortez) [Anthropologist] Eduardo Viveiros de Castro says that the Indigenous people in Brazil lived through the end of the world in 1500 and that perhaps they can teach us how to live after the end of the world Don’t you sometimes drown in the magnitude of the challenge Even though the Amazon is in the middle of the storm A recent apocalyptic headline: “2023 is the hottest year in millennia.” And yet You argue that the solution for the planet is for us to Amazon ourselves and I see people living as if there was no tomorrow [she laughs] as if I were in an architectural model or a resort I like [the philosopher] Bruno Latour’s saying: “Denialism is the tool elites have found to make the poor pay the climate bill.” Trump and Bolsonaro Capitalism has destroyed our survival instinct No matter how much information people have no matter how much the house is falling down on us even if there is no need for scientific reports People continue living as if this were a phase that will pass You chose Altamira because you are convinced that there one can catch a glimpse of what our future will look like in years Belo Monte caused a kind of localized climate crisis that in 10 years will radically change the landscape and they were flung to the cities’ peripheries Altamira became the most violent city in Brazil There was a wave of suicides of children who had become teenagers in that disturbed territory Do you miss hearing Greta Thunberg’s voice as loudly The movement that Greta inspired is fundamental I imagine myself in the place of her generation it must feel so desperate to see your life in the hands of adult naysayers I keep company with the young people of the rainforest we celebrated the fact that the Amazon is the center of the world We invited the activists of Fridays for Future Pussy Riot… to come from Europe to the heart of the rainforest It was a very powerful encounter with the leaders of the rainforest It materialized the displacement of that which is the center and the periphery We are not going to get out of this abyss with the same Eurocentric We need to place the values of the peoples of the rainforest at the center Is that why you hold that the fight for the rainforest encompasses battles against patriarchy One cannot understand the climate crisis without understanding that it is intersected by issues of race Women are leading the struggle in the Amazon because some of the men have been corrupted How did your experiment of using gender neutral language in this book go We need to find a language in which we all fit I understood how ridiculous we were the first time I saw bioluminescent fungi Fungi has been making sophisticated connections for billions of years Brazil was seen as a planetary environmental villain Any answer must start with the fact that Bolsonaro committed genocide. Defeating a person who commits genocide in the election was the most important thing. Lula gives mixed messages. Brazil has everything it needs to be an ecological power, but he wants it to be that while continuing to produce more oil The introduction to millions of Brazilians to a new middle class came at the expense of nature without structural changes made to the distribution of income Lula is a man who was forged in the mindset that oil is the country’s salvation is still living in the 20th century and has not yet come to understand what the climate crisis means The right wing is not even talking about it For the dictatorship and all subsequent governments The drama that we are living the worst emergency of our era on this home-planet with an extremely predatory ultraright and a left that does not understand the 21st century Sign up for our weekly newsletter to get more English-language news coverage from EL PAÍS USA Edition ¿Quieres añadir otro usuario a tu suscripción ¿Por qué estás viendo esto? cambia tu suscripción a la modalidad Premium Cada uno accederá con su propia cuenta de email lo que os permitirá personalizar vuestra experiencia en EL PAÍS ¿Tienes una suscripción de empresa? Accede aquí para contratar más cuentas En el caso de no saber quién está usando tu cuenta, te recomendamos cambiar tu contraseña aquí. Si decides continuar compartiendo tu cuenta, este mensaje se mostrará en tu dispositivo y en el de la otra persona que está usando tu cuenta de forma indefinida, afectando a tu experiencia de lectura. Puedes consultar aquí los términos y condiciones de la suscripción digital. hail and heavy rain have affected the state over the last few days State authorities reported multiple locations recorded more than 200 mm of rain in a 72-hour period to 04 September Entre-Ijuís (207.4 mm) and Vacaria (202.2 mm) Severe flooding has impacted communities in the municipalities of Santo Expedito do Sul Further flooding is expected as river levels are high and in some cases still rising State Civil Defence issued flood warnings for communities living close to the Antas State authorities confirmed that four people have lost their lives as a result of the severe weather One person died in Mato Castelhano after attempting to cross the Piraçuce river Two people died after their car was dragged by flood water when crossing a bridge in Ibiraiaras Over 200 homes have been damaged by either strong winds At one point over 350 people had evacuated their homes Civil Defence said this figure had started to fall as of late 04 September Roads have been blocked in at least 10 locations across the state The Nova Bassano municipality is among the areas hardest hit by flooding following the overflow of the Sabiá River Around 35 homes have been damaged and 90 people displaced Around 30 homes were damaged by flooding in São Jorge municipality Richard Davies is the founder of floodlist.com and reports on flooding news Cookies | Privacy | Contacts © Copyright 2025 FloodList You don't have permission to access the page you requested What is this page?The website you are visiting is protected.For security reasons this page cannot be displayed Katie Ledecky earned the top honors tonight as the US Olympic Committee’s Female Athlete of the Olympic Games Brazil Swimming: August 6-13 Olympic Aquatics Stadium The International Olympic Committee has said that the sanctions against the group of 4 American swimmers is “adequate.” July 05th, 2016 Brazil, Latin America & Caribbean, International, News, Rio 2016 Olympic Games On each day of the official Olympic torch relay, carrying the Olympic flame to the Olympic cauldron in Rio de Janeiro, the Rio2016 Facbeook page is posting brilliant and spectacular images from one of the world’s unique and most beautiful landscapes On day 63 of the Olympic torch relay the torch visited four cities in Rio Grande do Sul all located in the central region of the state The state itself is in the southern region of Brazil It first travelled through São Miguel das Missões a municipality with a population of about 7700 Santo Ângelo has a population of about 76,000 and Cruz Alta has a population of about 63,000 Δdocument.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value" Δdocument.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value" More from James SutherlandSee All Subscribe to our newsletter and receive our latest updates Neotropical brown stinkbug can be monitored with a synthetic pheromone developed by Embrapa Claudio BezerraNeotropical brown stinkbug in the fieldClaudio Bezerra the chemical flags that serve as communication between individuals of the same species are used by insects to attract the opposite sex for mating to mark out their territory or even as a warning against danger When they are synthesized they can be used in traps in the field to capture insects with different objectives population monitoring or even population control their use is still restricted to just a few crops but the application potential will tend to expand as the results obtained in research conducted at Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology in Brasília show; it  has led to the chemical synthesis of the sex pheromone of the neotropical brown stinkbug (Euschistus heros) the technology was transferred to Isca Tecnologia from Ijuí in the state of Rio Grande do Sul and is now in the large scale field experiment phase producers use around 6 million liters of insecticide every soybean crop just fighting off the stinkbug “In addition to causing an environmental problem excessive use of insecticides also does away with insects that are beneficial to the plantation,” says the researcher Miguel Borges and responsible for the research with pheromones Soybeans are not the only crop attacked by the brown stinkbug wheat and cotton are also targets for the insect’s appetite “Although there are genetically modified plants they have been structured to control  pests which eat the crops That is why today they are occupying other niches The substances released by the insects are mostly volatile compounds When male stinkbugs are sexually mature they release a sexual pheromone to attract females for mating the first tasks of the researcher are to identify what these chemical flags that are immediately recognized by females from the same species consist of and to synthesize the compound in the laboratory The tests start after recognition and synthesis of the substances that compose the aromatic bouquet the synthetic pheromone has to release a compound identical to the one released by the insect in order to attract a partner for mating,” says Borges When he falls into the trap the stinkbug cannot escape and it is possible to find out whether insecticide needs to be applied or not “Even when application is necessary it will be done selectively resulting in a cost reduction for the producer in addition to protecting the worker and the environment,” says Borges Francisco SchmidtTrap that releases sexual pheromone made from screens through which they enter easily but are unable to escape fromFrancisco Schmidt The only current method for monitoring stinkbugs is the so-called ‘cloth and beat’ method where a 1 meter long by 0.5 meter wide cloth or tarpaulin with wooden side supports is placed between two rows of soybeans The plants are bent over and beaten on to the cloth and the stinkbugs are then counted the great expanses of soybean crops and the size of some plants which spreads over 16 states and has a planted area greater than 24 million hectares is responsible for an annual soybean production of 67 million tons in Brazil “The damage the stinkbug causes in soybeans is irreversible,” says Borges unlike caterpillars that merely eat leaves this insect manages to perforate the plant and suck out the sap and the beans “Some producers around the Federal District have already had losses of between 80% and 100% of their crop because of this insect,” explains the researcher who started his work with pheromones in 1989 when he was doing his PhD at the University of Southampton control has been carried out by applying insecticides close to the time the plant flowers without taking into account the dynamics of stinkbugs in the field Less insecticide The synthetic pheromone was experimentally tested in crops in Goiás “The use of traps with pheromone allows us to monitor stinkbug populations more precisely and avoids an outbreak of the pest principally in the most critical phase when the soybean is filling out,” says Borges “In one of the experiments carried out in Uberlândia in the area treated with pheromones the application of insecticide fell by 50%.” The traps were placed every 1 hectare in the plantation and worked perfectly “If they were placed every 200 meters the cost/benefit would be very large.” The partnership deal with Isca was closed in October 2010 has the company started more extensive trials with soybean producers in Rio Grande do Sul “We’re going to compare the traps with pheromones with the ‘cloth and beat’ technique,” says Rafael Borges The company is also developing three types of trap with an enhanced capacity for recapturing and retaining insects and assessing the best concentration of synthetic compounds “The first challenge is to develop a trap that is commercially viable which will facilitate introducing the technology in the field.” © Revista Pesquisa FAPESP - All rights reserved taking on a more Brazilian and tropical attitude" GermanyThe Germans from the towns of Ijuí and Nova Württemberg (State of Rio Grande do Sul) celebrate the Nazi rise to power in 1933Staatsbibliothek the first image that comes to mind is that of a ridiculous group of blonds from the State of Rio Grande do Sul raising their right arms in the midst of smoke coming out of a barbecue pit But the fact is that the Nazi presence was not as picturesque and was of noteworthy political importance especially with regard to the strengthening of the Estado Novo (New State) the name given to the dictatorial regime of President Getulio Vargas that ruled Brazil seventy years ago “Tropical Nazism: The Nazi Party in Brazil” is the name of the doctoral thesis of Ana Maria Dietrich recently presented at the University of São Paulo interviewed former Nazi Party members in the country and even contacted the daughters of Hans Henning von Cossel the Brazilian Führer who headed the Nazi Party in Brazil Ana discovered that even Nazism is subject to tropical influences when it flourishes south of the Equator “This tropical attitude occurred in accordance with the nuances that Brazilian reality imposed upon Nazism Thus it was possible for Germans and for Brazilians of German descent to celebrate Hitler’s birthday and the typical Brazilian Feast of St a typical Brazilian dish made from cornmeal,” says the researcher This is the unique aspect of Brazilian style Nazism there are more important – and equally unknown – facts: the Brazilian Nazi Party was active for ten years in Brazil and operated in 17 states (including such unlikely ones as Bahia a number only exceeded by the party in Germany Of the 83 countries with offshoots of Hitler’s NSDAP the Brazilian Nazi Party already existed even before Adolph came into power in 1933 five years before Hitler’s ascension to power by a group from the city of Benedito Timbó This was not only the first foreign party cell in the country but also the first cell of the Nazi movement outside Germany Just like the Communists who preached their party’s internationalization their rivals the Nazis wanted to do the same “The Nazi Party in Brazil was much more important to Germany than it was to Brazil The Brazilian Government disregarded the existence of the Nazi Party for ten years whereas Hitler’s government viewed the Party as the representative of the German people in Brazilian territory so that any actions taken against the Party had direct consequences on Germany’s relations with Brazil,” says Dietrich The networking and control of the Party was in the hands of the Auslandorganisation der NSDAP (the Organization of Nazi Parties Abroad Bohle had the same status as party heads such as Joseph Goebbels the “Germanic” characteristics of Germans living outside of Germany who were not supposed to mingle with the locals nor learn the local language the “host land” of German communities the community members were not allowed to engage in local politics The Nazis were supposed to remain neutral in relation to local politics and were not allowed to disclose their ideas to the natives,” the researcher points out The propaganda was supposed to appeal to the responsibilities of Germans living outside their native land “Hitler’s Germany officially rekindled the German people’s feeling of “belonging” to a Germanic nation whose origins stemmed from the elimination-minded pan-Germanic and Germanic anti-Semitism manifested since the second half of the 19th century,” says historian Maria Luíza Tucci Carneiro head of the Intolerance Studies Center at the University of São Paulo/USP Hitler’s election in 1933 counted on the precious votes of those “guests,” including the ones living in Brazil was that the “pure Germans” were considered as being “superior” to the German-Brazilians as the generation born in the tropics was referred to This division was the downfall of the Nazi movement: “the creation of a Brazilian-style Fascist movement known as ‘integralismo’ expanded and fascinated the German-Brazilian community in Brazil the ideological content of the ‘integralismo’ movement attracted many Germans and people of German descent especially those who had been ‘discarded’ by international Nazism because of their ‘mixed’ ethnic origins,” the author points out GermanyNazi Party group from Hamburger Berg (RS) marching in 1933Staatsbibliothek Within the typical Hollywood-style spirit of Indiana Jones the Third Reich sent expeditions to Brazil with the objective of verifying the colonization conditions of the Aryan race in tropical lands the Tropical Institute in Hamburg sent a group of German scientists to study German descendants living in the State of Espírito Santo The group was aided by the Brazilian Government and received support from Henrique da Rocha Lima referred to by the Nazis as “our good friend the professor.” Rocha Lima (who received a medal of honor from the Führer) had taken active part in research studies on yellow fever with scientist Oswaldo Cruz had been head of the Manguinhos research institute and had been a serious candidate for the Nobel Prize because of his studies on a variation of typhoid fever transmitted by tics to soldiers in battle trenches The result of the research study in Espirito Santo stated that “the Aryan race was able to survive in the tropics provided that any mingling with the local population was avoided.” In line with the spirit of Lebensraum (the search for “vital space” via military expansionism) “we will not land troops to conquer Brazil with weapons in our hands are unseen.” The Third Reich was also interested in the Amazon Region another expedition traveled along the Jari River up to the frontier with French Guyana This expedition resulted in a documentary on the “enigma of the jungle hell” An attempt was made “to create a friendly relationship between the Germans and the native Indians,” not to mention the crates filled with animal skins fossils and thousands of archeological artifacts taken back secretly to the Fatherland for further analysis A cross made from Amazon Rain Forest wood with a swastika engraved on it still exists and marks the grave where Josef Greiner the Brazilian party had a direct link to the Reich and appointed Hans von Cossel run the Brazilin Nazi cell where he was introduced to Hitler and praised by Joachim von Ribbentropp as “one of the most fortunate and reliable national heads of the NSDAP who leads the biggest national group of the A.O.” In 1938 Cossel had the privilege of being the guest of honor at a farewell party organized by Hess Cossel arrived in Rio de Janeiro in 1931 as cultural attaché to the German Embassy He impressed his superiors so much that he was appointed head of the group in 1934 in lieu of a corrupt colleague thanks to his ability to maintain open communication channels between Brazilians and Germans and to his relations with Vargas and Hitler Ana Dietrich was able to interview Cossel’s daughters who told her that Cossel “was highly esteemed by Vargas who gave him a painting of his in a lovely frame.” They also told the researcher that when Cossel left Brazil in 1942 after the Vargas Regime had broken off diplomatic relations with the Axis he was invited to work at the German Foreign Ministry Cossel declined the invitation and entered the Navy instead “My father said that he looked at them and said: ‘I will not collaborate with this.’ He also told us that he had not been at all impressed by Hitler and had merely sent him reports people thought he knew about everything that was going on Germans are more patriotic when they are abroad because they have deep feelings for their nation,” Gisela von Cossel said Family recollections are not always reliable “Cossel’s relationship with Hitler and Vargas (who referred to Cossel as his ‘dear and good friend’) was quite special which shows the extent of the Nazi movement in Brazil It was not only a movement embraced by nostalgic colonists but also something that interfered with the upper echelons of society,” says the researcher How did the Brazilian Nazis act in relation to a community which in the thirties had 40 thousand people there are very few records in this respect Local anti-Semitism was an imported discourse; in other words it was virtually nonexistent in practice (although it did exist to some extent) and But the tone of these articles was the battle between the “Jews over there” and the “Germans over there,” says Dietrich Tropical racial prejudice was much stronger against Negroes and mestizos classified as Brazilians in a demeaning way There are even some hilarious stories on “ethnic” marriages such as the one between an expatriate from Santa Catarina who decided to “import” an Aryan bride only to find out that he had married an “ugly woman with one leg shorter than the other.” However who married a Brazilian and named his Brazilian daughter “Irene.” “Also these urban and rural communities were not isolated adopting the local customs and habits.” The Reich pretended not to “see” these tropical peccadilloes as the community in Brazil not only provided informal diplomatic services to the Fatherland but was also a source of funds: “Living in Brazil since 1924 Otto Braun coordinated several foreign exchange transactions provided details on how spying and financial frauds had been conducted in Brazil through Banco Alemão Transatlântico (the “German Transatlantic Bank”) which would transfer money from the community to Swiss banks which then sent the money on to Germany,” says Dietrich politics was the real tropical side of Nazism and was ultimately a “gift” to the Vargas Regime: this “gift” was the relationship between the Nazis and the Ação Integralista Brasileira (AIB) a fascist political party founded by Plínio Salgado whose members wore green shirts and hailed fellow members by shouting “anauê” “This political party can be viewed as an important characteristic of tropical Nazism because it was an unexpected event that had not been part of the original plan of the Nazi Party’s organization in Brazil,” Dietrich explains The AIB’s siren song was sweet: “If you were German so join the Integralista legions and wear the green shirt of those who fight for the good of Brazil.” However whereas the AIB with its nationalist platform did not agree with German nationalism (although it would present itself as the feasible way for the tropical Deutschtum to materialize) Nazism did not want the German community in Brazil to become assimilated “Characterizing it disparagingly as xenophobic the NSDAP was totally against Germans and their descendants joining the AIB because the general belief was that this would affect the Germanization of Brazil the AIB was mainly concerned about the racial issue with the objective of refining the race by reducing the number of Negroes and native Indians and by increasing the number of Europeans The Nazi Government called this ‘Lusitanianization’ and viewed this as a threat to the Deutschtum.” São Paulo State ArchivesPhotograph seized by the police at the time when the Nazi Party headquarters were inaugurated in the city of Presidente Wenceslau The pen marks were made by the secret police.São Paulo State Archives The researcher adds that the AIB was viewed disparagingly by the Germans in Berlin and became anathema after their pathetic attempt at a coup against Vargas in 1938 organized with the suspected participation of Brazilian Nazis In addition to disobeying orders from Germany the Brazilian putsch also put the German State in an embarrassing position vis-à-vis the Brazilian Government even knowing that Oswaldo Aranha was Getulio Vargas’ foreign relations minister Oswaldo Aranha preferred to invert the game in favor of the United States because he felt Americans would be more valuable partners than the Germans even though in the thirties the foreign trade between Germany and Brazil was twice as great as the trade between Brazil and the Yankees Plínio Salgado went from being a pebble in the Brazilian dictator’s shoes to one in Hitler’s boots “Because people of German descent were forbidden to join the Nazi Party it lost one of its strongest forces in the South where the most important German community consisted of German-Brazilians people reacted negatively to segregationist Nazism leaders were not accepted and the AIB party became a feasible option,” the historian analyzes traditional Nazism bungled its goose stepping where its tropical version was concerned conservative movement led by Salgado met the needs of the Brazilian-born Germans who had been sidelined by the Vaterland (Fatherland) The end was lots of Kartoffel (potatoes) for the winner In view of the imbroglio involving the Nazis and the members of the AIB party Vargas was easily able to chase several organizations into hiding as part of the project for the nationalization of Brazil that Vargas desired Germans went from being an ideological hazard due to the dissemination of Nazi ideas seen as aliens in relation to the “New Man” that Vargas wanted to build up the danger became “military and ideological” Vargas was in the best of political worlds thanks to the ineptitude of the Nazis and the members of the AIB He no longer had to worry about individuals worshipping Hitler rather than him Vargas was able to channel all the authoritarian xenophobic and nationalistic demands of these groups to his favor All that was needed was to make them feel as if they were bound to the Estado Novo (New State) a “father of the nation” sort of leader The same occurred between Mussolini’s Italy and the AIB was very useful to Brazilian right-wingers because it made authoritarian ideas popular and motivated many people to look more kindly upon the Estado Novo” whose doctoral thesis focused on the Italian counterpart of the Ana Dietrich’s thesis who were more politically savvy than the Germans played a double game with Vargas and his enemies – the members of the AIB party – for a long time the children of Italian immigrants chose to support the AIB unlike their Italian-born parents or grandparents were also concerned about the ethnic issue implied in the support of the movement initiated by Salgado; however the Italians ceased to believe in AIB’s revolutionary capacity he had received large sums of money sent from Rome “This left the Italian descendants who influenced by this national-political context by the problems they faced in trying to be accepted by Brazilian society given that they were the children of immigrants and by the general atmosphere of support for right-wing ideas due to their cultural adaptation and to their wish to be seen as Brazilian citizens and to be actively engaged in Brazilian politics many of these people of Italian descent joined the AIB,” Bertonha points out they redirected their enthusiasm to the Vargas Regime So Nazism here turned into feijoada (a typical Brazilian meal consisting of black beans stewed with pork Four variables show how Nazism in Brazil took on tropical hues: tropical racism (i.e. the movement was also prejudiced against Negroes and mestizos who were in closer contact with the Party); the possibility of mixed marriages and a certain resistance of the local population to taking on German characteristics whose wife was Brazilian and by the fact that many Germans said they “felt at home” in Brazil; the existence of the AIB movement which had distorted the logic of the model; and the blending of habits and the Germans interacted with local society absorbing the local customs and habits,” Dietrich points out the propaganda strategies produced some effect on the German immigrants living in the South of Brazil “became indifferent to Brazilian politics and tended to close themselves off,” as documented in a newspaper published by the Nazi community: “We are one million Germans in Brazil a church with no belfry; accept the challenge now You were summoned to be the leaders of these people because you are the most intelligent people in this land.” The German community was equally fragmented in relation to the Jews “Getúlio Vargas surrounded himself with unshakeable admirers of Germany who did not hide their fascination with Germany’s achievements,” says Tucci Carneiro Part of the German community in the South of Brazil believed it was reproducing their Fatherland 1939 Cartoon by BelmonteFolha da Noite newspaper This close contact of the German immigrants with their native culture resulted in linguistic and cultural isolation which was battled by political authorities during the Estado Novo because they interpreted this attitude as “an erosion of the Brazilian spirit.” According to the researcher this nationalistic discourse was good not only for fighting racial prejudice but also for masking the racist and anti-Semitic values of the political elite which talked about “promoting the Brazilian man defending economic development and protecting the country’s social peace.” The professor reminds us that the set of nationalistic and xenophobic decrees passed by the Estado Novo in 1938 legitimized the repressive and preventive actions taken against those who were seen as a threat to the racial background and political order in Brazil “Who were the people undermining the Brazilian nation The Jews who had been rendered landless by the Nazi-Fascists To this ‘scum’ one could add the communists all treated as the pariahs of humanity.” the neutrality of Vargas regarding the Axis was a mere façade an appropriate mask for the great statesmen crowned by the glories of Fascism “This interpretation enables one to understand the tough process of raising awareness about human rights in Brazil The Contemporary History of Brazil still needs to be written informing the public about the silence of the Brazilian Government in relation to the Jewish issue Brazil published a number of secret circular letters forbidding the granting of entry visas to Jews and making the entry of “pure Aryans” easier There are several anonymous letters filed in the archives of the Department of Political and Social Order – Deops denouncing the landing of Jews in the ports of Rio and Santos The historian came across a letter written by Oswaldo Aranha Aranha states the importance of creating Israel to avoid the immigration of more Jews and to put a stop to the undesired entry of Jews in Brazil,” says Tucci Carneiro The combination of sauerkraut and feijoada certainly caused historical indigestion worthy of recovery Ijul Piece 2 codes provide Money and Diamonds helping you start strong in this anime-inspired Roblox adventure game of the same name This title requires you to focus on training your characters to become the strongest by finding the best weapons which you can then spend on upgrades to give yourself a head start Bookmark this article to access the latest Roblox codes in Ijul Piece 2 We'll keep updating the page whenever new codes for Ijul Piece 2 are issued You can easily earn millions of Diamonds and Money by redeeming the featured active codes in Ijul Piece 2 several old codes in Ijul Piece 2 have gone invalid over time Free Money and Diamonds (New servers only) Also check: Latest Roblox username ideas for new players You can redeem the codes in the game by following these steps: The rewards will be immediately credited to your account and you can use them right away to buy in-game items Codes are important in Ijul Piece 2 because they provide Money and Diamonds These in-game resources are essential for purchasing various weapons and items that can help you improve your abilities and progress in the game it's important to ensure you're entering them correctly so make sure all letters are in the correct upper or lower case be sure there are no spaces before or after the code double-check that you've included all numbers and special characters exactly as they appear "Grind" is the only latest active code in Ijul Piece 2 You can redeem Ijul Piece 2 codes only once as the game creators do not provide specific information about their expiration dates It's best to use codes as soon as you receive them to ensure you don't miss out there are no specific codes in Ijul Piece 2 for a Katana you'll need to use the in-game cash obtained from redeeming active codes to purchase it Check out this A-Z list of all of our Roblox Codes 2024 Your perspective matters!Start the conversation Your character starts off your Roblox Ijul Piece 2 journey with a weak Trait called The Normal One you will realize that there are more Traits to unlock Some can make you stronger and offer you significant buffs Others can nerf one of your abilities while improving a different one it is always better to know about them to be able to make informed choices we have created a list of all the Traits currently available in Ijul Piece 2 A Trait of higher rarity will always have a low roll rate there are 58 Traits across seven rarities in the game Note that either Diamonds or Robux can be used to roll for Traits and the roll rates for any particular Trait may vary depending on the currency used There is a 58.675% and 47.35% chance that you will obtain a Common Trait via Diamonds and Robux There is a 30% chance that you will receive an Uncommon Trait via Diamonds or Robux There is a 10% and 20% chance that you will get a Rare Trait via Diamonds and Robux There is only a 1% and 2% chance that you will obtain a Legendary Trait via Diamonds and Robux Also Check: All Traits in Anime Simulator There is only a 0.25% and 0.5% chance that you will get a Mythical Trait via Diamonds and Robux There is only a 0.05% and 0.1% chance that you will receive a Godlike Trait via Diamonds and Robux There is only a 0.025% and 0.05 chance that you will get a Celestial Trait via Diamonds and Robux you simply have to go to the starting area you will find an NPC girl with a "Random Trait" tag above her You can interact with her to roll for a new Trait using Diamonds or Robux It should be noted that Robux has a comparatively higher chance of rolling a rarer reward Diamonds have a lower roll rate because of their availability in the game Ultimate Supremacy is currently the best Trait in this game You can roll for a new Trait through an NPC girl found in the starting area there are codes available that you can redeem for freebies The long-awaited sequel to Ijul Piece, Ijul Piece 2 is finally here you can expect the same action from before at a much grander scale If you’re looking to dive into this newly released Roblox experience then you’d better be equipped with all the relevant information to get a head start if you don’t want to waste time and need to learn everything about the game check out the official Ijul Piece 2 Trello link guide The official Ijul Piece 2 Trello link will take you to the game’s Trello board This board has been checked manually and belongs to the official developers of Ijul Piece 2 This means it is updated with all of the latest content for the game and will keep receiving more of the latest updates Because Ijul Piece 2 is a newly released game the Trello is still a work in progress and new content is being added to it It currently contains a bunch of information on all the NPCs and items and explains various basic mechanics for the game You can check these out yourself right now and be sure to check back later for even more updated content You can also find the latest active codes for Ijul Piece 2 and the current best tier lists If the Trello isn’t enough for you, then you can also check out the official Ijul Piece 2 Discord link the Trello might not have all the information you need to make progress in Ijul Piece 2 That’s why we suggest joining the official Discord and getting in touch with the developers to better understand the game’s mechanics and the meta You can also receive all the latest updates on Discord even before the Trello at times That’s all you need to know about the Ijul Piece 2 Trello link and Discord server link. For more of the best experiences, check out the Haze Piece Trello link and the Cat Piece Trello.