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BASF and INOCAS have signed a long-term Supplier Finance Agreement The partnership will see BASF finance INOCAS’ plans to significantly expand the production of Macauba oil in Brazil on an industrial scale THE DETAILS The deal includes offtake of Macauba kernal oil and Macauba pulp oil an R&D project and options to acquire equity shares in INOCAS in the future BASF will use the Macauba kernel oil from INOCAS in its Personal and Home Care portfolio in Brazil and Europe Commercial pilot volumes will be available in 2025 Based on its strong intellectual property and experience INOCAS aims to plant at least 50,000 hectares of Macauba in partnership with smallholder farmers by 2030 “As a leading supplier of ingredients for personal and home care our Care Chemicals division is committed to securing and diversifying its supply of sustainable raw materials A significant portion of our products are derived from renewable sources such as natural oils protecting ecosystems and promoting sustainable practices Macaúba kernel oil represents a new sustainable opportunity in this effort.” Contact UsSubscribePrivacy PolicyCookie PolicyTerms & Conditions Copyright © 2025 Global Cosmetics Media Limited Palm Oil Market Analysis: Industry Market Size Copyright © ChemAnalyst - 2020 | Terms & Conditions | Privacy Policy Acelen Renewables pioneers a unique initiative by using macauba as an alternative for decarbonizing the aviation sector According to a survey conducted by Deloitte in 2023 climate change is one of the top priorities for companies’ top management In addition to diversifying investments in energy transition around the world their effort to present and implement decarbonization plans is great The amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has increased over time The transportation sector is responsible for around 23% of total global emissions of such gases which means that this sector emits more than 2% of total global emissions getting aviation to reduce its emissions will be crucial for the future of our planet The industrial sector needs to come up with some measures to deal with this we believe that sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) is the best bet to decarbonize aviation worldwide SAF can emit up to 80% less carbon than aviation kerosene and the demand for the product worldwide is surely increasing Acelen Renewables’ bet on macauba is innovative The crop of macauba alone has a very strong capacity to capture and retain CO2 from the atmosphere We believe that 200,000 hectares of planted macauba can generate around 60 million tons of captured CO2 over almost 20 years Macauba’s can further reduce CO2 emissions thanks to the fuels to be made from its fruits which makes this unique initiative by Acelen Renewables a very significant contribution to energy transition Macauba is a native Brazilian plant with a high energy yield The quantity of oil per hectare per year that can be extracted from macauba is seven to eight times greater than that extracted from soybean which makes it very competitive in terms of cost Another advantage is that macauba can withstand greater temperature variations and can be planted in degraded areas It’s encouraging to see initiatives that seek innovative and collaborative solutions to address global environmental challenges and we need to work together to find sustainable solutions From the native Brazilian seeds that will be planted and which will be cultivated for the first time on a commercial scale our project is robust and has the potential to change the aviation industry worldwide Ahead of the United Nations’ 100-year anniversary in 2045 the Vision campaign showcases a series of thought-provoking documentaries that cover topics from climate change through to equity and inclusivity This advertiser content has been created and paid for by ACUMEN were involved/had a role in the production of this content Estimado usuário.Preencha o formulário abaixo para remeter a página Brazil Macaúba coconut (7 times more oil than soybeans) will recover millions of hectares MORE depollute air world (SAF drop in) PLUS replace up to 60% eucalyptus when well cared for - for various purposes especially for SAF - is likely to be perennial for up to 50 years (ideally it should be well exploited at minimum for up to 20 years) while eucalyptus trees for pulp/paper/cardboard while pine trees - for pulp and/or furniture - take 10-12 years to be harvested eucalyptus has an average economic lifespan of 1/3 of that of macaúba (3/3) - that is eucalypts useful life is minus 75% than macauba coconut tree - before needing to be replanted and with new huge costs I must state that I am absolutely not against the phenomenal global pulp/paper/cardboard industry in the name of the already many symptoms of the very serious current climate changes - now urgent and verifiable - many rapid changes in “personal” and “business” / “investor” thinking is needed for real and much faster global environmental solutions (that are not just carbon re-emitting/burying/trapping) I am much more in favor of everyone reconverting at least 60% of their current Eucalyptus/Pinus areas for pulp/wood production into future areas (differentiated/environmental rescuers and delighting/meeting/helping consumers' socio-environmental desires much more as the SAF areas in Europe already do) with plants for new much more sustainable fuels and much larger real CO2 sequestrators and rapid recuperators of air corn for ethanol/DDGS and macaúba for aeronautical biodiesel SAF/ships also I humbly come - and on behalf of the future of our children employees and consumers - to propose that they no longer constantly increase their Eucalyptus/Pinus areas only in search of even greater corporate profits I propose that they expand much more and pay much better for the currently minimal recycling of paper/cardboard/packaging with collections by very poor people and/or street people and at very low prices)  It would also be great and even essential that they use their vast experience with continued socio-forestry incentives and everything to reconvert these old areas (60%) plus the new ones in acquisitions/planting of eucalyptus and/or pine for such crops - currently a priority - above as much or much more profitable per hectare/year producing a lot/making a lot of profit and for 20 to 50 consecutive years and much faster (corn for ethanol/DDGS – this one by-product and type of animal feed with up to 26% crude protein - produces a lot and continuously collects the maximum carbon per hectare and in 5 months and with up to 2 crops/year in the same place and/or in succession soybeans and macaúba already produce in the 5th or 6th year) both - plus the new miraculous and very fast trees described - already have the best miscible/verifiable socio-environmental appeals/results and electricity and other industrial chemicals in their processing given reality more mainly future of truly sustainable cultivation of Macauba for the production of SAF and other products it can be said today that eucalyptus and pine crops are not sustainable and perhaps even directors of our IBAMA (the regulatory controller and supervisor body of Brazil Ministry of the Environment) and other ministries and maybe some celluloses company/bodies technicians insistently claim in Brazil and other countries these are crops that compete for similar areas and are therefore substitutable and priority must be given to the most sustainable crops and those with the best miscible socio-environmental purposes and results The current high global pressures/situations in this sense - very noble and fundamental - are much more a result of the global environmental urgency both due to the greater sequestration - that is more miscible and much more credible actions - and due to the non-emission of CO2 - these still with possible actions that are much more expensive in addition to being much more difficult and much more complicated to implement as they involve high interests and lobbies from giant global sectors that emit - quietly and very united - up to 75% of the world's CO2 combined (only 25% is from all vehicles) agribusiness suppliers/even some deforesters and food factories) honestly (in the current urgent view) and well compared and even documented it is already possible to note that the cultivation of macauba already surpasses – in socioenvironmental really sustainable visions - eucalyptus and pine cultures processing and results in at least 05 actions/results  2) Although their leaves are not as suitable/thin for direct carbon sequestration (photosynthesis) both sequester a lot of carbon in this way in crops (even considering the very different stands of plants per hectare) but the minimum useful life of eucalyptus is 7 years (in pines it is 10 years) meaning only 1/3 of the minimum period of 20 years for macauba (which can reach 50 years) eucalyptus sequesters around 75% Co2 less than macauba  3) Although the digestible protein content - as feed from by-product/residues of macauba processing - is still low (around 6% compared to high level of the MDPS another by-product/residues comes from corn for ethanol and with 25% PD and from soybean meal with up to 35% PD) in the manufacture of SAF or other items with the macauba fruit other items/by-product/residues are produced including a cake that can be used in human and animal feed (in general it goes to fed to beef and dairy cattle via confinement where it helps to reduce – through earlier slaughter – methane emissions the manufacture of eucalyptus pulp does not produce any by-products  4) Many and diverse chemical products are used in the manufacture of cellulose (sodium hypochlorite which make their production even less sustainable In the case of the manufacture of SAF with macauba oil in the short and medium term the most commonly used technological routes are thermal ones called FT-SPK (Fischer Tropsch for direct and immediate hydrogen to be obtained only at very high temperatures such as those obtained in the very modern DD/CFB MSW and biomass/residues fast singasifiers – no burning or incineration – with MSW urban and rural waste and biomass/bark/straw) or HEFA hydrocracking less chemical and much more thermo-hydraulic routes are used; when planting and harvesting eucalyptus and pine there is a large consumption of petroleum derivatives in the machinery (which greatly harms the “footprint = carbon footprint” of these crops) and this is only every 7 years whereas in macauba the consumption is much lower and occurs only every 20 to 50 years the macauba “stand” contains only 400 plants/trees per hectare compared to up to 1,666 trees/hectare of the ideal eucalyptus stand per hectare (very dense spacing of 3.00 x 2.00 m) “biofuels (ethanol and biodiesel) are produced mainly from biomass of which 114.2 billion were ethanol and 60.8 billion were biodiesel according to the IEA - International Energy Agency Biofuels avoided the consumption of 2 million barrels of oil equivalent per day in 2022 a volume corresponding to 4% of the global demand for oil in the transportation sector (that is still very little compared to the already huge and urgent need for rapid global depollution) biodiesel and HVO (“Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil”) grew more than 10 times between 2000 and 2019” the largest producer of biodiesel is the USA with 4.5 billion liters in 2015 followed by Brazil with 4.2 billion liters Law 13.033/2014 requires the addition of biodiesel to diesel the main sources of biodiesel were soybean oil (74% of supply) and beef tallow/fat (20% of supply)” the USA has already produced an incredible 14.5 billion liters of biodiesel The country also leads the production of ethanol “Brazil is the second largest producer of ethanol (most of it still from sugar cane but corn is currently the fastest growing) with 35.6 billion liters and the third largest producer of biodiesel losing the silver medal for biodiesel to Indonesia (palm oil) When domesticated Macauba palms tree are already ahead of the game as palm oil production today is in the range of 3,500 to 4,000 kg/hectare/year while non-domesticated macauba palms already produce 4,000 to 5,000 kg/hectare/year of oil for up to 50 years Brazil will reach a historic record for biodiesel production driven by the increase in the mandatory blending percentage with diesel to 14% at the end of the year that goes to 15% in March 2025 and to 25% in 2031 Rio Grande do Sul State is the state that produces the most biodiesel and the BSBIOS Company is one of the three largest biodiesel producers in the country after the recent and severe environmental disasters caused by climate change costly and deadly effects in many places (more susceptible/less planned/less believing the fever - and the global or personal socio-environmental demand - is no longer just to reduce emissions of the many GEF gases (CO2 but also to expand crops and actions that are highly proven and very fast sequesters of CO2 we have the duty to cultivate much more sustainable very fast corn grain for ethanol/DDGS – “Dried Distillers Grains with Soluble” this which can have up to 4 highly socio-environmental functions/aids added together and quickly and fundamentally for the survival of all humanity as it allows us to sequester up to 14 times more CO2 –in kg/hectare/year as proved  in USA research – than the centuries-old and beautiful trees of the Amazon (see my various articles/research/diagnoses – free/zero sponsorship/patriotic/comparative – previously about this here on this same site) The same goes for many more macaúbas The same goes for cultivating many more new very fast trees – even of commercial nature although not very demanding – but much faster and with record growth and in up to 4-6 years a period in which they will already sequester up to 11 times more CO2 (in kg/hectare/year) - as proved in Brazilian Amazon more our UFMG University researches – than by the beautiful and famous trees of the Amazon forest and/or of local natives trees Examples include the white angico more the paricá tatajuba and even some fruit trees such as açaí amazon coconut and cupuaçu amazon coconut and even with some USA-Brazil grasses that are only used for quick cutting/grasses for cattle confinement for slaughter and for cows to feed – and greatly reduce their emissions of harmful methane – such as cameroun very height/fast grass more as USA mischantus grass idem I am against recoveries degraded/tired land with native trees because they – in addition to being much slower too – will continue to be farmers and other local trees destroyers who will also cut them down quickly they help or solve very little and even harm the less noble ones – due to current and future global socio-environmental emergencies – have already changed a lot in the last 5 years and their current fast forest/fast trees new requirements are already added to and may even exceed current and future global food requirements already greatly favors and will further favor Brazil  Before we get to know our Macaúba palm oil better let's take a look at what “SAF” is and its global perspectives and requirements “Sustainable Aviation Fuel” or “aeronautical biodiesel” is an alternative fuel made from non-petroleum raw materials that significantly reduces CO2 emissions from air transport SAF can be mixed at different levels with QAV - aviation kerosene or similar with initial limits between 10% and 50% (but which will reach 100% in the near future when the famous “drop in” occurs with SAF - see below) depending on the raw material and how the fuel will be produced According to the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) more than 360,000 commercial flights have already used SAF at 46 different airports in 2022 mainly concentrated in the United States and Europe The world “Sustainable Aviation Fuel” (SAF) emits between 70% to 90% less CO2 than the fossil jet fuel SAF is produced from renewable sources such as vegetable oils offering a much more sustainable alternative to petroleum-based jet fuel SAF can also be used directly and in a unique and pure form in many existing aircraft models (such as our Brazil future B100 biodiesel) it has a high “drop-in” characteristic SAF can in future can replace completely all fossil aeronautic fuel high pollute demanded without the need for adaptations to engines or their distribution infrastructures the global aviation industry is already urgently seeking to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050 with strict targets to reduce its emissions It is estimated that global air traffic represents ONLY about 3% of total CO2 emissions and the trend is for this to increase given the expectation that flights will double in the coming decades beneficially (contrary to what many people think) worldwide aviation is responsible for ONLY 2% of all carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and 12% of all CO2 emissions from transportation today a flight produces half the emissions compared to 1990 significant investments are being made in research and development (R&D) for the large-scale production of “Sustainable Aviation Fuel” SAF a passenger flying from Belo Horizonte City to São Paulo City is responsible for the emission of 55 kg of CO2 the total emission is around 7,700 kg – that is almost 8 tons of carbon dioxide – and this does not include cargo and ground transportation the United Nations’ International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) set a goal of achieving net-zero carbon emissions from international aviation by 2050 ICAO member states have already committed to reducing CO2 emissions by 5 percent by 2030 the international aviation industry has set an ambitious goal of achieving net-zero carbon by 2050  The SAF presents the best near-term opportunity to achieve these goals The SAF “Sustainable Aviation Fuel Grand Challenge,” announced in 2021 brings together multiple federal agencies to expand domestic consumption to 3 billion gallons by 2030 and a bold 35 billion gallons by 2050 while achieving at least a 50 percent reduction in life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions we see those future European demands for airborne SAF - already quite sustainable - are already much higher than those forecast for the likely unsustainable and very expensive green H2 for electric vehicles the global supply of SAF is still very low production and consumption were 600 million liters (companies bought the entire volume produced) and the International Air Transport Association (IATA) forecast was only 1.8 billion liters Boeing has increased its SAF purchases for its operations by 60% The aircraft manufacturing giant has purchased 35.6 million liters of a blend with 30% renewable fuel SAF The blend is composed of 30% SAF produced by Neste and World Energy from waste such as fats oils and greases PLUS 70% conventional jet fuel It will be used in the “Boeing ecoDemonstrator” Program and on Boeing’s commercial operational flights in the United States according to Boeing’s vice president of environmental sustainability about 20% of the fuel used by the company is already a blend of SAF and the plan is to increase this percentage  According to Boeing’s announcement it will receive 4 million gallons of SAF blended with petroleum jet fuel at it fueling stations in the Pacific Northwest Signature Aviation’s EPIC Fuels will supply 2.5 million gallons of Neste plus Avfuel will supply 1.5 million gallons of Neste blended SAF since January 2025 - as an excellent global socio-environmental example and setting a great global example SAF (also obtained from soybean oil and even from leftover cooking oil) has been mandatory and aims to REVOLUTIONIZE FLIGHTS with the goal of zeroing out air carbon emissions by 2050 the Department for Transport made it mandatory for SAF to constitute at least 2% of all aviation fuel on flights departing there and this will increase annually to 10% by 2030 and 22% by 2040 and should result in around 1.2 million tons of SAF being supplied annually to the UK airline industry by 2030 such as household waste or used cooking oil and produces on average 70% fewer carbon emissions than traditional fossil-based jet fuel  Also, see complete data in Portuguese on SAF production in the world and in Brazil at: https://www.gov.br/mme/pt-br/programa-combustivel-do-futuro/analise-economica-diferentes-rotas-de-producao-de-saf.pdf  Returning to the our “Macaúba” palm (“Acrocomia aculeata”) it is a plant that is still little studied/little tamed/adequately developed and still almost never used but already abundant in the Brazilian savannah but which can be found in almost all of the Americas (with an estimated total area of ??12.0 million hectares)  In 2023, the global market for Macauba oil was estimated at Us $ 101.6 million, and is expected to increase to Us $ 366.4 million in 2033 (+13.7% per year), mainly driven by much higher consumption in the Asia-Pacific region. See more data in English at: https://www.sphericalinsights.com/reports/macauba-oil-market  The Macauba can also be grown in areas that were previously used for other forestry crops, until they are converted to “Green Deserts” as BBC Brazil called them above – Please read in Portuguese at https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/articles/cxeev8l3mpko around 12 million hectares of land are lost each year in the world and this is land where 20 million tons of grain could have been grown the total area of ??degraded pastures (with all types and stages of degradation) was estimated by our EMBRAPA agr-Research System at approximately 160.0 million hectares which occupy almost half of the country's rural establishments (I am finishing another complete bilingual and comparative article with 12 pages about this)  Since 2017, also the BBC Brazil has already named Macaúba as our “Green Gold” – See “The palm tree that is emerging as Brazil's new 'green gold'. See in portuguese at https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/brasil-39788968 with medium texture and an average pH of 5.5 (types found in the savanna and caatinga regions)  Genetic improvement is happening very quickly as in 1980 not even 10% of the seeds planted germinated and today this has reached 74% if the techniques recommended by the protocol developed by our UFV - The Viçosa Federal University in MG State are used (which also allowed the rapid expansion of the so-called germplasm bank especially by determining the correct origins of the seedlings used) Macauba is often found naturally (not cultivated much) in more fertile and/or better cultivated (not yet dense) stands in the region known as Alto Paranaiba where it has already reached 6.9 tons of pulp oil per hectare/year (up to 7 times more in volume than soybean oil per hectare) it is known that the dense cultivation of the new Brazilian coffee (just as an example of a plant already well developed by some research stations) almost triples the current average productivity per hectare/year compared to cultivars the most stable production occurs up to 20 years and in an ideal stand of only 400 plants per hectare (not yet properly condensed for higher average productivity per area) the total fertilizer consumption amounts to only 240 kg/hectare/year but a harvest efficiency of 80 hours/hectare will be required almost perennial and for up to 50 years if well cared for (a useful period much longer than that of eucalyptus trees which have to be replanted at very high costs and with huge Co2 emissions every 6-7 years at 22 to 28 m in height) thus remaining for up to 7 years without production in the same areas (whereas in the “pine” the cultivation cycle is even worse and with harvesting only after 10-12 years) our new Macaúba has not yet been properly improved by EMBRAPA more UFV - and it still takes 5 years to start producing and it becomes very tall and difficult to harvest the current Macaúba trunks still reach up to 20 meters in height and with trunks of 20 cm to 30 cm in diameter with the use of electric and even manual harvesters/strippers generally poor and/or from neighboring family farms properties The CooperRiachão regional family farmers Cooperative (based in Montes Claros city - MG) already has 350 well-organized and encouraged harvesting families Macaúba is already included by Federal Government in the PGPM-Bio Government Program for Family Farming (driven by the Ministry MDA) and already has a minimum price of R$ 0.45/kg (for the 2025 harvest the minimum price for macaúba will be R$ 0.54/kg = U s$ 0.09/kg for the North and Northeast and R$ 0.59/kg = U s$ 0.10/kg (by our actual high currency of Us $ 6,00 = Us $ 1,00) for the Central-West and Southeast) the Fertibom biooil Company already processes 120 million liters of biodiesel/year due to the lack of supply of raw materials the average cost of producing biodiesel with macaúba (average of all processing plants) was only R$ 1.16/liter= Us $ 0.19/liter although much more demanding in terms of rainfall and soil fertility) was the most efficient followed by European canola with 1,358 liters/hectare and  As a giant socio-environmental example with extremely high potential and transformative energy sources (as Brazilian soybeans for biodiesel and corn for ethanol already are) MORE soil recovery for the entire world which is much less polluting and is a growing substitute for highly polluting kerosene  This UK news is excellent for the cultivation of our Macaúba/macaíba/bocaiuva/coco-babão/coco-espinho coconut trees in the Brazilian savannas and arid inland Northeast region which are capable of producing up 7 times more oil per hectare/year than soybeans especially in forestry development projects and even in degraded pasture areas such as the project for an initial 200 thousand hectares of Macaúba (with an estimate of reaching 1.0 million hectares) This ambitious Project is already being implemented in the region of Montes Claros City - MG by the giant Arab OIL group MUBADALA/Acelen in a GIANT and exceptional - "but not surprising for me" - change of focus and a kind of “intelligently” or a "masterstroke" in the medium and long term strategical Program and/or MORE in a new socio-economic environmental and long-term business marketing vision even to continue making a lot of future continuous profit and now delighting its old oil consumers and never as a simple “greenwashing”/”fake news” (as many European chemical and petrochemical companies already even without moving many future global vehicles into electrification phases (which the phase/survival of global oil – certainly much less emitting GEF in filterable processing – will still persist for 150 to 200 years both for industrial processing/transforming energy supplies as well as for fundamental industrial/commercial/residential heating PLUS for pumping/fertilizers/rubbers/plastics/fine chemicals and other major uses all of which still have few or very expensive substitutes/substitutes – and/or partial in volumes and hours of sun/wind/hydro/H2/nuclear energies – and/or even worse substitutes and all of which still have trends towards increased consumption  For the ACELEN Renewable Brazil (the MUBADALA Group) this project in Brazil will be one of the most competitive in the world in terms of the cost of producing a liter of SAF ACELEN aims to become “the largest and most competitive global producer of renewable fuels in an integrated model that goes from the production of macaúba seeds to the final fuel” and everything will occur 100% on degraded pastures due to the capture of carbon credits in these areas too  “We are creating true bioenergy forests” “The domestication of macaúba is not a project of one company but a project for the world” (words by the ACELEN CEO) what most attracts these giant international investors is the absence of current environmental barriers in Brazil since the macauba palm is native and will only occupy degraded pasture areas No less important is the prospect of economic return due to the exceptional productivity of vegetable oil extracted from the palm's coconuts  In the ACELEN macauba Program at least 20% of the crop will come from family farming which could inject income of up to R$ 130,000 per year = Us$ 22,000 (by our actual high currency of Us $ 6,00 = Us $ 1,00) for each 10-hectare property (= R$ 13,000/hectare/year = Us $ 2,200/ hectare/year) which currently has little or no economic viability  The biggest ACELEN challenge will be processing the fruit to extract the oil and fully utilizing the other biomass  It is estimated that ACELEN's Program added R$ 15 billion of investment (= Us $ 2,5 billion) over the next 10 years will have an economic impact of R$ 87,0 billion (Us $ 14,6 billion) given that an entire new production chain will be created Studies are already underway to replicate the macaúba cultivation module from 200,000 hectares to 1.0 million hectares in the future  In the macauba species – as much described - yields up to 7 times more oil per hectare than a soybean plant macaúba also has the virtue of having a thousand and one uses The oil is used for human consumption and for the chemical The flour has a good level of protein in the future and it can be incorporated into the diet of humans and livestock not to mention the use of fibers for ropes and weaving and the coconut shell high volumes biomasses used both in the SAF manufacturing process (Fischer Tropsch for H2 direct source) as biochar a type of charcoal that sequesters carbon and corrects the soil  Until the 200,000 hectares of macauba palm oil plant enter production the new ACELEN plant near its oil refinery (MUBADALA oil group of the United Arab Emirates) situated in Camaçari City it will consume the equivalent of all the soybean oil exported annually by Brazil the biorefinery will produce the equivalent of 20,000 barrels per day of SAF or of green diesel enough to power a fleet of over 1 million vehicles per year the global Germany giant BASF more the Brazilian INOCAS S.A (“Innovative Oil and Carbon Solutions”) signed a Strategic Agreement for the sustainable development of macauba oil in Brazil in the long term (operations better known in English as “MKO seed” and “MPO Pulp”) implemented and refined an innovative model to grow macauba trees in degraded pastures and to improve soil quality and its productivity INOCAS intends to plant at least 50 thousand hectares of macauba in partnership with small farmers by 2030 “This system supports regenerative agriculture by combining forestry more livestock without an additional change in land use Agricultural partnerships with small farmers aim to improve the livelihoods of their families”  “The BASF will use INOCAS’ macauba seed oil in its personal and home care portfolio in Brazil and Europe.” “Commercial pilot volumes will be available as early as 2025.” “As a leading supplier of personal and home care ingredients BASF’s Care Chemicals division is committed to securing and diversifying its supply of sustainable raw materials We strive to source sustainably more to protect ecosystems and to promote sustainable practices.” “The pulp oil can be used in the process of obtaining bio-naphtha Regular withdrawal of macauba pulp oil for use as an alternative feedstock to replace fossil resources will begin in 2027  The Brasília Capital (DF) and The Porto Seguro City (BA) on January 10 for this humble Brazilian “Think Tank” Consulting Firm – strategic still completely open and free (for all companies/people more hundreds of teachers/consultants and thousands of students in the world); developmental; fair; truly independent and entirely without sponsorships (thus serious; truly knowledgeable about 90% of Brazil and 20% abroad; not sold out or dependent on Governments etc.) – TO CONTINUE ACTING FOR THE SOCIO-ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENERGY GOOD OF THE WORLD (it has been 9 years with more than 310 fundamental diagnoses on recent subjects and with an average of 8 pages and already with 1.2 million “page views” all widely accessed in Portuguese and English) WE NEED TO RECEIVE INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL DONATIONS (as it is already very common to ask for I clarify you that I was a retired Analyst/Consultant for 24 years from the strategic Vice-Presidency of Agribusiness and Agr-Energies of the General Management of the giant Banco do Brasil in Brasília - DF then at the UN and the IICA and Congress consulting and I have already published 14 books on Agr Chains through our only Stock Exchange “the B3” PLUS I have 14 environmental/energy patent applications in progress in Brazil to make international Personal and Corporate Donations of any amount - for which we are very grateful and appreciated - please use the following data at Banco do Brasil International: Data to receive international financial remittance: Name: CLIMACO CEZAR DE SOUZA (Branch: 2574-7 // Account: 25595-5) // Iban: BR1700000000025740000255955C1 // Swift: BRASBRRJSBO  The VIVAMELHOR AMBIENTAL A BRAZIL THINK TANK (a modern and faster socioambientalist/green & susteinable Energies Brazilian “think tank)  For other details, please contact me only by email [email protected] News & Analysis on Food & Beverage Development & Technology 13-Feb-2024 Last updated on 13-Feb-2024 at 15:46 GMT "there's simply no way we can fight the climate crisis if we don't stop deforestation" What is macauba oil and why is it a rainforest-saving option? Macauba is a species of oil palm native to Brazil. As with other vegetable oils, it can be used as an ingredient in cooking and in the production of products such as packaging. With a yield of approximately 2.5 metric tons of vegetable oil per hectare per year, the macauba plant is comparable to that of conventional oil palms in its productivity, but it requires less water and is more resistant to drought. This means macauba palms can be cultivated for oil production in less fertile soils and on degraded pastureland in the drier regions of Brazil, eliminating the need to clear rainforest for its production. In short, there is huge potential available for macauba-crop growth, as a spokesperson for Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV explained, “there are more than 150 million hectares of pastureland available for macauba farming in Brazil alone. The Brazilian government has identified the use of macauba as a strategically important topic, so there is widespread support for planting and cultivating this species.” Is macauba a rainforest-friendly alternative to palm oil? GettyImages/Oleh_Slobodeniuk (Oleh_Slobodeniuk/Getty Images)What is palm oil and why is its production so damaging to the world’s rainforests? Grown in the tropics, palm oil is a vegetable oil derived from the fruit of the oil palms. It can and is used as an ingredient in cooking, though it’s predominantly used in the production of packaging, detergents, cosmetics and biofuel. In fact, it’s used in the production of so many different products that it’s often referred to as the invisible ingredient, appearing in products you might not even expect. Oil palms are an extremely productive crop, producing high yields at a relatively low cost, in comparison to other vegetable oils. Palm oil is, in isolation, a sustainable product. Oil palm trees produce up to ten times more oil per hectare than any other crop, meaning that, not only does it use less farmland than the production of other vegetable oils, but it also requires less water too. So why are environmentalists campaigning against the use of palm oil? Well, the problem with the production of palm oil lies in the fact that rainforests across the globe are being destroyed to make way for oil palms. Plantations are spreading across Asia, Africa and Latin America where tropical forests, which formed critical habitats for endangered species such as rhinos, elephants and tigers, and where vital oxygen was produced, have been obliterated to make way for oil palm planting. Rainforests are often referred to as the ‘lungs of the earth’ as they draw in carbon dioxide and release oxygen through photosynthesis. In addition to this, trees actually absorb and store carbon dioxide, meaning that if forests are cleared, or even disturbed, they release that carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases back into the atmosphere. It’s no exaggeration to say that these forests are vital for human existence. How ready is the EU Commission to implement its deforestation regulation?07-Feb-2024By Anthony MyersApart from farmer income/poverty, the most discussed topic on day one of the World Cocoa Foundation Partnership Meeting in Amsterdam was the European Union Deforestation Regulation (EUDR) that will be implemented at the end of this year. The race to meet the EUDR deadline is intensifying, so what help is available?22-Jan-2024By Flora SoutheyDecember 30, 2024 marks the day by which supply chain stakeholders, including producers, importers, manufacturers, brands, and retailers within the European Union must ensure they are selling, importing and exporting EUDR compliant cocoa, coffee, palm... Recent success for Welsh food and drink as it targets international marketsPaid for and content provided by Welsh Government Mastering mouthfeel: The importance of mouthfeel in making brands thrivePaid for and in partnership with Tate & Lyle Rethinking eggs for a resilient food future a ‘matter of necessity’Paid for and content provided by CSM Group (CSM Ingredients & HIFOOD) Newsletter subscriptionIndustry newsIndustry news Layn taps bio-based preservation to address shelf life and food waste concerns amid clean label push Plant-based trends: Food innovators champion nutritional value Phytolon and Ginkgo Bioworks triple natural color output efficiency amid crackdown on synthetic dyes Videos Macauba Ingredients:...Macauba Ingredients: New technique developed for Brazilian macauba fruit oil extraction We speak with Dr. Peter Eisner, CEO of Macauba Ingredients, who points to the issues with soy and palm production and the need for alternatives. He also shines light on the company's novel method to extract oil, protein and fiber from the whole macauba fruit, with applications including methionine-rich proteins for plant-based foods. Video14:02 Kemin Food Technologies: Boosting meat quality and safety with automation and antioxidants  marketing director at Kemin Food Technologies discusses the meat industry’s current quality challenges such as retaining juiciness and tenderness for consumer appeal 11:00 Max Planck Institute: Replicating foie grass texture and flavor to reduce force-feeding concerns A team of researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research in Germany has developed a process to manufacture foie gras a delicacy often associated with concerns over force-feeding of ducks to increase liver fat.. 12:51 Copa-Cogeca: Assessing the impact of Trump’s tariffs on the EU wine industry vice-chair of the Copa-Cogeca wine working group breaks down the severe impact of US President Donald Trump’s 20% tariff on EU wine imports 06:15 Rousselot’s principal scientist talks peptides We speak with Rousselot’s principal scientist about the company’s Nextida.GC collagen peptide product which is designed to interact with GLP-1 and other weight loss medications 06:58 Ever After Foods: Balancing scalability and sustainability for “financially viable” cultivated meat Food tech company Ever After Foods has partnered with Bühler to help cultivated meat manufacturers scale and reduce production costs by over 90% CEO Eyal Rosenthal talks about the collaboration and how its Edible Packed-Bed.. 10:32 Finally Foods: Molecular farming for animal-free casein production Israel-based Finally Foods has conducted a field trial of potatoes containing casein which it produces using molecular farming techniques CEO Dafna Gabbay speaks with us about the need for animal-free casein and the associated.. Learn how we are healing patients through science & compassion Neuroscientist Michelle Monje awarded MacArthur 'genius grant' Walton School of Medicine and Stanford Medicine host AI conference on community health Support teaching, research, and patient care. Support Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford and child and maternal health Stanford School of Medicine Stanford Health Care Stanford Children's Health Thanks for attending this year’s Immunology Scientific Conference 2023 at Asilomar We hope you enjoyed this opportunity to learn and connect with 200+ graduate students Director of the Stanford Institute for Immunology a Professor of Microbiology and Immunology and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator encouraged us to "think outside the cage." Ellen Robey Professor of Immunology and Pathogenesis in the Department of Molecular & Cell Biology at UC Berkeley shared how T cell fate determination in the thymus takes a multi-omic approach The First Years battled faculty in the song trivia game jeopardy and impromptu scientific presentation First Years dominated this year's competition Genetic blood disorders and inflammation: Characterizing cell autonomous & non-autonomous contributions of RUNX1 loss in hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis; Katie Freitas Enhanced T cell effector activity by targeting the Mediator kinase module The Jones Teaching Awardee: Alea Delmastro The role of follicular-associated tuft cells on Peyer’s patch dynamics Engineering natural killer (NK) Cells to target Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) reservoirs Increased macrophage phagocytic activity with TLR9 agonist conjugation of an anti- Borrelia burgdorferi monoclonal antibody and Claudia Macaubas Natural killer (NK) cells in patients with Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) A fraction of human plasmacytoid dendritic cells transdifferentiate into conventional dendritic cell type 2 following activation Thank you to the Conference Committee for your dedication on making the event a success including Conference Directors: Jennifer Bando and Nathan Reticker-Flynn; Social Chairs: Second Year Class Audrey May and Evan Maestri; Conference Committee: Lina Hansen and Torye Nguyen; Staff Support: Rita Robinson and Lynn Galicia; and Technical Support: Candace Liu News Careers Contact Stanford Health Care Stanford Children's Health About Contact Maps & Directions Basic Science Departments Clinical Science Departments Academic Programs Vision “It is crucial to ensure that all fats or oils utilised in household and food products are sourced sustainably and that deforestation and human rights policies are upheld,” Amanda Hurowitz “This palm has the advantage of growing in drier biomes with less fertile soils such as the Savannah-like Cerrados of Central Brazil resulting in lower risks of tropical rainforest clearance,” Karin Agulla from the Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging told Ingredients Network Each Macauba tree usually produces four fruit bunches per year containing up to 600 drupaceous fruits consisting of an outer husk Both the pulp and the kernel contain oil that has different compositions The pulp oil is rich in carotenoids and has a high oleic acid content thus having a composition similar to olive oil The first scientific studies on Macauba pulp oil showed the absence of acute and subacute toxicity and the potential to increase high-density lipoprotein (HDL) “Those studies were performed with animals; therefore this evidence should be further proved for human consumption.” The kernel oil is rich in saturated fatty acids (SAFA) and medium-chain saturated fatty acid (MUFA) valuable sources for pharmaceutical and cosmetic use “Scientific studies have shown that Macauba kernel oil has a potential hypoglycemic effect with a reduction of blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetic rats,” Agulla says “After decades of decline in deforestation there’s been a small but worrying uptick in palm oil expansion in Indonesia the world’s biggest exporter of palm oil,” Hurowitz says “There is enough previously degraded land in the world to not have to tear down any more forests to expand agriculture.” Macauba palm is adapted to subtropical and dried regions “The palms naturally occur in regions outside the rainforest reducing the risk of rainforest clearance and deforestation.” Macauba can also be used in sustainable agriculture integrated into crops and cattle by increasing crop productivity and restoring degraded lands which could be used to grow food crop production in the future “Another interesting sustainability aspect of Macauba fruits is the utilisation of the side streams from oil extraction,” Agulla says Macauba is a versatile raw material that renders two types of oils: oil from the pulp and oil from the kernels both side streams are rich in valuable nutrients the pulp residue is rich in dietary fibres whereas the residue from the kernel is rich in valuable plant proteins both side streams have a high potential for producing food ingredients,” says Agulla have different application-relevant properties they cannot be used as a one-to-one replacer for palm oil in many products,” Agulla says they can provide a sustainable and economically viable source of vegetable oil to meet the steadily growing global demand.” we need to be investing more in climate-resilient crops and perhaps Macauba which studies show requires less water and is resistant to drought,” Hurowitz says Macauba pulp’s dietary fibres have exciting properties for increasing viscosity With neutral sensory properties and bright colours soluble and insoluble dietary fibres can improve the stability and texture of a wide range of food products The proteins from the macabre kernel have a good nutritional profile rich in sulphur-rich amino acids like methionine and cysteine Those amino acids are often limited in legume seeds like soybeans so Macauba proteins can complement the nutritional profile of products based on pulse proteins and good gelling properties make Macauba kernel proteins suitable for developing plant-based applications The protein ingredients can be provided as protein flours Macauba has the potential to join economic growth and sustainable development showing a high level of circularity and the potential to bring new innovations to the market,” Agulla says Showcase your company and products to over 500,000 online visitors View suppliers Join our movement with newsletters, updates, and offers. Volume 9 - 2018 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.02144 As the primary barrier between an organism and its environment epithelial cells are well-positioned to regulate tolerance while preserving immunity against pathogens Class II major histocompatibility complex molecules (MHC class II) are highly expressed on the surface of epithelial cells (ECs) in both the lung and intestine although the functional consequences of this expression are not fully understood we summarize current information regarding the interactions that regulate the expression of EC MHC class II in health and disease We then evaluate the potential role of EC as non-professional antigen presenting cells we explore future areas of study and the potential contribution of epithelial surfaces to gut-lung crosstalk The epithelium serves as both a physical and chemical barrier as well as an absorptive surface Our understanding of the function of the aerodigestive epithelium has gradually evolved from its role as a static barrier to a dynamic structure regulating multiple processes ECs may have primary immune functions that affect the balance between tolerance and inflammation as evidenced by expression of MHC class II on the EC surface an area of exploration several decades ago Recent evidence suggests there may also be communication with the lung from the gut directed by its microbiome Because host-microbial interactions first occur at the epithelial surface re-visiting the role of ECs in antigen processing and presentation is timely This review aims to synthesize current findings on MHC class II expression in the gut and the lung explore the role of ECs as non-professional antigen presenting cells (APCs) and discuss how this area may be further investigated as a target for potential diagnostic or therapeutic interventions Overview of MHC Class II Antigen Presentation Pathway Newly synthesized MHC class II α and β chains assemble into heterodimers in the endoplasmic reticulum where they are bound by trimers of invariant chain MHC class II and invariant chain form nonamers–or pentamers and heptamers–that traffic into an acidic endosomal compartment invariant chain is degraded down to class II invariant chain-associated peptide (CLIP) which occupies the peptide binding groove of the MHC class II molecule catalyzes the removal of CLIP in exchange for high-affinity peptide binders derived from extracellular or cytosolic antigens which competitively binds to HLA-DM and prevents it from interacting with MHC class II MHC class II molecules traffic to the plasma membrane for inspection by CD4+ T cells Figure 2. Intestinal Epithelial Cell MHC Class II Expression in Health and Disease. At homeostasis (left), MHC class II is constitutively expressed in the upper villi of the small intestine. At the crypt base, intestinal stem cells self-renew and differentiate into specialized cell types: antimicrobial-producing Paneth cells, mucus-producing Goblet cells, hormone-producing enteroendocrine cells, and nutrient-absorptive enterocytes (200) Healthy crypts lack MHC class II expression consisting of T cells and γδ T cells likely play a key role in maintaining the baseline expression of MHC class II in ECs by producing IFNγ MHC class II levels increase and extend into the crypts which may result in ECs encountering antigen along both the apical and basolateral surfaces contain dense concentrations of professional antigen presenting cells (B cells These cells encounter antigen delivered by microfold (M) cells Whereas MHC class II expression has been shown in the Peyer's Patch epithelium there are conflicting reports regarding MHC class II expression by M cells Redistribution of MHC class II may allow IECs to influence immune responses during a pathogenic or inflammatory insult by presenting peptides that promote immune clearance or induce tolerance EC MHC Class II Expression in the Lung During Homeostasis The airway is composed of the upper airway conducting zone for humidifying and clearing particulates of inhaled air (bronchi and bronchioles) and lower airway respiratory zone for gas exchange (respiratory bronchioles and alveoli) MHC class II expression has been seen in the ciliated ECs of the upper airway and in Type II pneumocytes of the alveoli The polarity of class II expression is not well-defined organized lymphoid structures are not found in adulthood This effect was blocked with an anti-HLA-DR antibody Exosomal transfer of peptide/MHC II complexes may promote rapid primary adaptive immune responses by equipping DCs to stimulate naive T cells Defining the relative contributions of direct IEC antigen presentation vs exosome release to intestinal tolerance and immunity will require further investigation and may provide important insights into the communication between gut and lung the complexity of the epithelium and the arrangements of the many cell types found within may not be well-represented in cultures of primary purified cell lines this suggests a tolerogenic role for IECs that is not dependent on co-stimulation of CD80 or CD86 Similar in vivo data has not been collected in the respiratory tract of animal models and effects on the lung epithelium were not evaluated in the above models Whether EC-produced IL-18 is involved in paracrine MHC class II upregulation along the crypt-to-villus axis or through directing GALT-mediated IFNγ-production also remains unknown further investigation is needed to determine if these or other region-specific cytokines upregulate EC MHC class II expression the roles of viruses and fungi within the microbiome and their effects on EC MHC class II expression remain largely unexplored Though much of the available evidence on MHC class II expression by ECs was obtained decades ago this is an exciting time for research into the role of ECs in mucosal immunology Renewed awareness of the role played by epithelial cells in homeostasis and disease and technical advances in different areas open up several new avenues for research and clinical applications Using these technologies to study celiac disease a model disease in which the inciting immunogen and the presenting MHC class II-molecules are known may provide important insights into the role of ECs in antigen presentation the contribution of the aerodigestive epithelium in mediating these interactions remains to be explored Defining the roles of these various cell types and their locoregional interactions thus may provide additional important insights Organoids may provide a model system to study the aforementioned hypotheses to provide evidence more pertinent to humans Valuable lessons may be learned by comparing MHC class II expression on ECs in the intestinal and respiratory tracts and environmental signals to study EC 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Mellins ED (2018) Epithelial MHC Class II Expression and Its Role in Antigen Presentation in the Gastrointestinal and Respiratory Tracts Received: 18 June 2018; Accepted: 30 August 2018; Published: 25 September 2018 Copyright © 2018 Wosen, Mukhopadhyay, Macaubas and Mellins. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited in accordance with accepted academic practice distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms *Correspondence: Elizabeth D. Mellins, bWVsbGluc0BzdGFuZm9yZC5lZHU= †These authors share first authorship Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher 94% of researchers rate our articles as excellent or goodLearn more about the work of our research integrity team to safeguard the quality of each article we publish The cultivation of palm oil has devastating ecological effects on rainforests and other biodiverse lands, while promises of sustainable palm oil from certified growers have often turned out to be a feel-good myth with the same damaging effects to on fragile ecosystems are showing promise as sustainable alternatives to oil palm Unlike palm oil, which has been harvested in large-scale operations for hundreds of years cultivation of macauba and pongamia (on a wide scale) is still in its infancy but may be a sustainable contender in biofuel Several companies are recognizing the potential of these two tree oils and are embracing regenerative agricultural methods So can macauba and pongamia tree oil be legitimate According to the World Wildlife Foundation, palm oil makes up 40 percent of the world’s vegetable only supply, and is found in nearly 50 percent of packaged consumer products such as soaps A large reason why palm oil is so popular is because its yield is about 3.3 tons or oil per hectare per year (on average) — significantly greater than other vegetable oils like coconut Oil palm trees are primarily grown in large monocultures in tropical climates, with 85 percent grown in Malaysia and Indonesia large portions of biodiverse rainforest are cleared destroying the habitats for endangered species and causing greenhouse gasses to be emitted Oil palm farm workers experience a number of human rights violations including harsh working conditions and low wages how are macauba and pongamia tree oil any different Does a viable alternative to palm oil exist Macauba is a type of palm tree found throughout Brazil, but grows in abundance in the Cerrado region a subtropical woodland forest biome that covers more than 20 percent of Brazil It’s a biodiverse savannah that’s home to 5 percent of the planet’s animals and plants and is critically important in sequestering carbon due to its deep The Cerrado region is widely used for growing soy, as well as other agricultural products like beef, cotton, corn, and even oil palm. Agricultural expansion in this area has caused massive deforestation and has negatively impacted local water sources So how would growing macauba in this region be any different In terms of viability versus other vegetable oils, macauba produces 18 times the amount of oil as soy. According to the journal OCL, macauba can yield between 2.5 tons of oil and 5 tons of oil (per hectare per year) The potential for macauba as a sustainable alternative to palm oil will require agricultural companies to prioritize sustainable growing methods so that history is not repeated in yet another fragile biome Soleum is one company that is seizing the opportunity for growing sustainable macauba and is buying up degraded land to create agroforestry systems The macauba is planted so that it can support other crops grown in between the tree rows so that biomass from agroforestry is converted into bio-fertilizers Another promising tree oil is pongamia, a plant whose oil is being used as a biofuel, but is being explored as an alternative to palm oil in foods and home products. This is due in large part to a partnership between Terviva, a regenerative food and agricultural company and Ciranda and its seeds contain up to 40 percent oil a certified B Corp that makes protein bars is among the first to source Terviva’s ponova oil in food products Native to Indonesia and other parts of the Pacific, pongamia trees are another method for restoring degraded land due to their ability to survive in harsh conditions such as drought, or soils with poor draining, pH imbalances, and saline, per the Center for International Forestry Research Although both macauba and pongamia show promise as a viable sustainable alternative to palm oil only time will tell if more companies embrace regenerative agriculture methods for cultivation of these two crops Is Palm Oil Bad? Everything You Need to Know About the Controversial Ingredient Does Environmentally-Friendly Palm Oil Exist? What to Know New Palm Oil Guidelines Ensure Promises Translate Into Eco-Action Latest Sustainable Agriculture News and Updates Link to XLink to InstagramContact us by EmailOpt-out of personalized ads People may receive compensation for some links to products and services on this website Offers may be subject to change without notice 16-Mar-2023 Last updated on 18-Mar-2023 at 01:22 GMT “The present research focused on the effects of macauba pulp oil since there is evidence that oleic acid carotenoid and tocopherol present in this oil would trigger anti-inflammatory anti-obesity and antioxidant effects,” the team of researchers from the Federal University of Viçosa Federal University of Espírito Santo and Cornell University wrote The study was supported by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development and used macauba fruits harvested in Araponga The study presents the fruit oil of the Macauba Palm (Acrocomia aculeata) as a promising alternative to vegetable oil for biofuel and as ingredient in the cosmetic and food industries “Dietary fatty acid composition demonstrates a significant impact on disease development,” the researchers wrote nutritional strategies that aim to treat or prevent these metabolic alterations are of great importance.” Grown ubiquitously across Brazil and in other countries of Latin America and the Caribbean the fruit of the macauba produces a pulp oil rich in bioactive compounds which the researchers hypothesized would prevent adipogenesis and inflammation in mice “Oleic acid has been shown to reduce the expression of transcription factors related to the adipogenesis signaling pathway and reduce oxidative stress markers,” they wrote macauba pulp oil has a high content of carotenoids which can act to reduce inflammation through NF-κB modulation which is an important antioxidant that has been shown to improve inflammation and oxidative stress.” The study randomly assigned 30 eight-week-old C57BI/6 mice to three test groups: a control diet (CD) high-fat diet (HFD) and high-fat diet with macauba pulp oil (HFM) “Consumption of macauba pulp oil increases antioxidant capacity and prevents oxidative stress inflammation and the adipogenesis pathway,” the researchers concluded macauba pulp oil has a great potential for inclusion in human foods to improve health assisting in the prevention of risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases.” Findings showed a high positive correlation between total tocopherol oleic acid and carotenoid intakes and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity an enzyme that combats reactive oxygen species-mediated diseases the oleic acid inhibited transcription factors associated with inflammation and increased adiponectin a protein suggested to play a role in mediating the metabolic effects of obesity “Although macauba pulp oil prevented the adipogenesis pathway and inflammation in the adipose tissue significant effects in the hepatic markers were not observed after eight weeks of the high-fat diet,” the researchers added “The current study was carried out as a prevention model it might not be able to verify alterations in the liver.”  which the researchers indicated was the first of its kind called for further trials “to verify the real effects of macauba pulp oil in humans” Macauba (Acrocomia aculeata) Pulp Oil Prevents Adipogenesis Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet Doi: doi.org/10.3390/nu15051252 Fish oil may blunt inflammatory response to high fat/high sugar diet23-Aug-2022By Hank SchultzOmega-3s can blunt the worst of the chronic inflammation caused by diets high in sugar and fat, a new study in mice has suggested. Nuseed survey highlights consumer potential for plant-based omega-315-Oct-2021By Stephen DaniellsWith the health of the oceans a top concern for supplement users, a new survey from Nuseed Nutritional US Inc indicates that almost two-thirds of consumers prefer a plant-based omega-3 when provided an option. The gut-skin axis: The future of skin health formulationPaid for and content provided by Vidya Protecting strength, mobility, and muscle: The next frontier in healthy agingPaid for and content provided by TSI Group M-63 increases abundance of Bifidobacteria even in C-section babies studies showPaid for and in partnership with Morinaga Milk Industry Co. French country architecture meets luxurious and timeless masterpiece with this mansion Walking through the front double doors into the foyer 12 foot ceilings and antique pine flooring throughout lead to an unbelievable living area with custom drapes The kitchen has white macaubas natural quartzite countertops and custom cabinetry throughout with top of the line Dacor Brand stainless steel appliances including a pot filler The mansion has updated designer-end light fixtures hardware throughout and interior has been completely repainted Off of the kitchen there is a second living area and breakfast nook overlooking outside into the gorgeous courtyard and backyard oasis. The home has been updated with all new windows so natural lighting can spread throughout.  giving the complete surround sound theater feel Upstairs there is a huge landing zone perfect for a play area or reading nook with the space anyone desires and French double doors overlooking the courtyard.  the newly added outdoor kitchen is paired with the striking brick patio custom outdoor fireplace and beautiful granite slab countertops The outdoor kitchen also has top of the line stainless steel gas grill The large yard is perfect to add a pool with newly added lush landscaping throughout the front and backyard with underground drainage built in More luxury real estate: Mansion features oversized tree house, giant oaks, mosquito misting, and complete game room Contact Victoria Dodge at vdodge@theadvertiser.com or on Twitter @Victoria_Dodge WindStatkraft to host WEG 7MW Brazilian wind turbine as pair eye global opportunitiesAs interest grows in diversifying pool of OEMs WEG also sees potential for harnessing Brazilian and Indian supply chains owner and design principal of Alice Lane Interior Design Her aim was to design a home worthy of the dreamiest vacation This beach house in the middle of the dessert is everything she could have hoped for See ourDesign house: A small, space-saving house in Los Angeles, designed by Stefani Stein This minimalist beach house has been truly dressed up Jessica wanted the kitchen to feel original to her and not like so many of the white kitchens that Alice Lane was designing at the time The kitchen cabinetry is a rift sawn white oak which was chosen to reinforce the feeling of a laid-back beach house while giving it a modern edge This look was inspired by interior designer Jeffrey Alan Marks’ home in Malibu The countertops are Macaubas quartzite to create the look of the marble without the formality or maintenance The quartzite runs all the way up the wall to enhance its effortless feel Design expertise in your inbox – from inspiring decorating ideas and beautiful celebrity homes to practical gardening advice and shopping round-ups The family space feature and extra large sofa Jessica brought her rug from her last home It was created after a Gustav Klimt painting and features organic rectangles and a refreshing colour palette The warm colour palette in the living room is the perfect resting place for Jessica The sofa is a firm favourite and has moved all over the country with her The home office is the moodiest room in the house The walls are painted in a black navy colour scheme yet the room still feels so bright and open because of the large windows Jessica wanted the wallpaper to look like the inside cover of an old book so she found individual pieces of art paper and had them installed as wallpaper Bespoke cabinetry lines one side of the wall and has been styled with personal pieces the Jessica and her husband have collected throughout their lives together Jessica describes this space as a ‘dream’ to get ready in The position of the window in relation to the dressing table means that light bounces around the room perfectly Alice Lane Interior Design/ alicelaneinteriordesign.com Having worked in the interiors industry for several years in both the US and UK she now hones her digital prowess on the 'best interiors website' in the world Jennifer has worked in PR and marketing and occasionally dabbles in the social media she has written about every area of the home from compiling houses designed by some of the best interior designers in the world to sourcing celebrity homes and even writing a few news stories or two Future increases in biofuel production will likely use several raw material alternatives Léo RamosMacauba fruit and its oil at the IAC laboratory in CampinasLéo Ramos An April 2016 presidential decree increased the percentage of biodiesel blended with diesel fuel from the current 7% to 8% by 2017 Brazil produced 3.9 billion liters of biodiesel  – a 15% increase over 2014 making it the second largest producer in the world Demand is expected to reach seven billion liters by 2020 76.5% of Brazil’s biodiesel was made using soy 2% with cotton and another 2.4% using other types of raw materials such as used cooking oil and dendê palm oil Production of this biofuel occurs through the chemical process of transesterification in which vegetable oils or animal fats are combined with methanol It takes 300 liters of methanol to obtain 1,000 liters of oil The increased percentage of biodiesel in diesel fuel will stimulate the demand for raw materials to produce vegetable oil which is a subject of study at research institutions in Brazil is oil from the fruit of the macauba palm tree which is found in nearly all parts of Brazil from northern Minas Gerais State to the north of Argentina It is the latest promise for biodiesel production What is attractive about the plant is the amount of oil that a space measuring 10,000 m2 or one hectare (ha) yields without any soil improvements:  up to 4,000 liters (l) “Macauba palm oil will be extremely important for the future of biodiesel in a few years It really represents Brazil because it is a native plant and is the subject of a lot of research It won’t take long for it to gain market share,” says Donizete Tokarski chief executive officer of the Brazilian Biodiesel and Biojetfuel Union (UBRABIO) He guarantees that at current industrial capacity the percentage of biodiesel can be gradually increased to 15% of the diesel mixture This is possible because nearly all raw material for biodiesel comes from byproducts one liter can be purchased for sums ranging from R$0.40/l to R$1.80/l Léo RamosMacauba palm trees…Léo Ramos The future also includes oil from another palm tree – the dendê – that can yield 4,000 l/ha This crop has not yet achieved the required volume for biofuel production and it certainly will have a more favorable cost in Brazil’s Northern region Estimates with regard to the macauba are that within four years producers will have seedlings for cultivation and in over six years The macauba plant (Acrocomia aculeata) is an oil-bearing native palm found in the Cerrado savannah of the Central-West region and even in southwestern portions of the Amazon region   “Never in Brazil’s history has a native plant attracted the attention of so many researchers in such a short period of time,” says agricultural engineer Carlos Augusto Colombo a researcher at the Campinas Institute of Agronomy (IAC) “There are more than 100 researchers in Brazil engaged in studying the genetic improvement of macauba and the chemical characteristics of its oil.”   Work at IAC began in 2006 when the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) and other funding agencies started issuing requests for proposals to promote research into using oleaginous plants for the production of biodiesel involved surveying and identifying macauba plants in various locations in the state of São Paulo “We collected seeds from its fruit so that we could study the genetic variation in the population and use crossing techniques among them for future development of plant cultivars.” After 10 years IAC could introduce a variety of oil-producing plants in the agricultural market Memories of physic nuts “Macauba oil is very stable and contains lauric acid an important ingredient in the cosmetic industry the plant generates about 3,000-4,000 liters of oil per hectare each year we could increase the yield to 8,000-9,000 l/ha,” Colombo says Among projects he takes part in is one sponsored by the World Bank together with Leuphana University of Germany that  funds the cultivation of macauba on 2,000 ha in Patos de Minas (in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais) with support from the IAC and that operates in conjunction with livestock farming This type of association is contributing to the recovery of pasturelands LÉO RAMOS…and seedlings for developing a plant varietyLÉO RAMOS Colombo says that all steps are being taken to keep the macauba from suffering the same fate as that of the physic nut (Jathopha curcas) a few years earlier: overly optimistic forecasts among biodiesel producers before research had been completed and agricultural data had been obtained about the crop “The physic nut does not produce small plants It has both large and small fruit that ripens at different times on different plants sown at the same time,” he recalls the researchers are trying to identify the best macauba plants yield more fruit and have a higher oil content Macauba can bear fruit for more than 20 years Another line of research and the potential production of macauba plant varieties is taking place at the Federal University of Viçosa (UFV) where agronomist Sergio Motoike has been heading up a project funded by Petrobras and the Minas Gerais Research Foundation (FAPEMIG) since 2005 The group began studying dendê palm oil (Elaeis guineenses) and has discovered a system of micropropagation (multiplication) which received funding from CNPq and the Agropalma company “We were able to obtain 20 clones from the best plant and they are now being tested.” Dendê palm oil is still little used in producing biodiesel What oil is produced in Brazil goes to the food and cosmetic industries although the oil of this plant has a high viscosity content that complicates the process of obtaining biodiesel crop area in the state of Pará is being increased so that when there is a surplus of oil it can be used for biodiesel production,” Motoike says “Prospects are good for biodiesel production using macauba not only because of the high yield per hectare but also due to the physical-chemical properties that result in a high-quality biodiesel product,” explains food engineer Aldara da Silva César a professor and coordinator of the Agroindustrial Systems Analysis Group at the  Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF) Yet she thinks the oil produced could be targeted mainly to the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries financial returns to this sector are better than if they were used to make biodiesel extractive harvesting in regions where the macauba plant is native could lead to social inclusion which is also the focus of the National Program for the Production and Use of Biodiesel (PNPB),” César suggests oil analysis is important for selecting the best fruitLéo Ramos “We are now selecting the best specimens of macauba in an effort to find a definitive and high-yield variety,” Motoike explains This is carried out through traditional crossing among the best and highest-yielding plants One of the Viçosa studies concerns the breakdown in dormancy of the macauba seeds an important step in establishing crop cultivation of this palm tree Seed germination had been 3% and using our method The technique uses a hormone in the seed that triggers pre-germination Preserving the fruit One factor that could adversely affect the macauba oil is rapid acidification of the fruit it begins to acidify,” explains microbiologist Elisa Costa Cavalcanti a graduate student at the Chemistry Institute of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Cavalcanti says that the group led by Professor Denise Freire has conducted several experiments to try to preserve the fruit for more days “The most appropriate method appears to be in an autoclave It can then be stored for 180 days,” she says Learning how to preserve the fruit is also important for competing with soy a grain that can be stored for up to six months with no special handling and that has a large domestic and international market a protein used in the food industry as well as in animal feed the grains have to be crushed; the oil is a byproduct of this process which is increasingly being used in cooking,” explains agricultural engineer Décio Gazzoni Ten years ago it was algae that represented biodiesel production’s greatest hope there were experiments demonstrating that the mass of fats extracted from growing algae could reach 50,000 l/ha But that endeavor came to a screeching halt on the economics side and the expectation was that the cost involved in biodiesel production would fall but not enough to make the process competitive “Biofuels from algae ended up not being viable,” says Sergio Goldemberg, a partner in Algae, a São Paulo company that developed technology for the production of fats using microalgae cultivated in vinasse, a byproduct of sugarcane ethanol production  (see Pesquisa FAPESP Issue nº 186) Goldemberg is now looking for other uses for the microalgae that feed off vinasse as animal feed and additives for cosmetics Until macauba and dendê become viable alternatives biodiesel will likely continue to be produced as an agricultural and industrial byproduct Experts say that Brazil needs to take better advantage of the potential involved in used cooking oil from homes What is not used is poured down drains and into sewers or even into bodies of water “Cooking oil collection is a challenge because sites are scattered among small units throughout any city,” says Aldara da Silva César © Revista Pesquisa FAPESP - All rights reserved.