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cursos básicos de inglés alemán y el curso de portugués para extranjeros y trabaja junto con Idiomas sin Fronteras el programa del Ministerio de Educación de Brasil para lenguas extranjeras Toda la oferta de pruebas de competencia en la UFRN está bajo la responsabilidad del Instituto Ágora: TOEFL Littératures et Cultures a comme but principal offre des cours de langues étrangères au personnel universitaire aux étudients et également aux personnels techniciens bien que des tests de compétence en langue étrangère pour rendre possible leurs processus de mobilité à l'étranger L'Institut Ágore peut aussi recevoir tous les étudients et chercheurs étrangers issus des universités partenaires pour les cours de portugais pour les étrangers ces étudiants en étant dispensés des frais d'inscription L'Institut Ágore offre des cours d'anglais d'allemand et de pourtugais pour les étrangers aux niveaux basics et travaille auprès du programme du MEC (Ministère de l'Éducation et de la Culture) Langues sans Frontières Tout initiative par rapport aux tests de compétance linguistique est de responsabilité de l'Institut Ágora: TOEFL The main goal of Tropical Medicine Institute is to consolidate The strategic goal is the education of highly qualified human resources in science and technology in the medical area and the generation of a center for the diagnosis especially in the area of the diseases neglected by centers of more advanced regions Those diseases are also prevalent in Africa and Asia El objetivo principal del Instituto de Medicina Tropical es consolidar El objetivo estratégico es la educación de recursos humanos altamente calificados en ciencia y tecnología en el área médica y la generación de un centro para el diagnóstico especialmente en el área de las enfermedades desatendidas por centros de regiones más avanzadas Esas enfermedades también son frecuentes en África y Asia Le but principal de l'Institut de Médecine Tropicale est consolider l'extension (services communitaires) la recherche et l'enseignement en Maladies Infectieuses Le but stratégique est l'éducation des ressources humaines hautement qualifiés en science et technologie dans l'aire médicale et la génération d'un centre de diagnostic spéciallement dans l'aire des maladies négligées par des centres des régions les plus avancées Ces maladies sont aussi prévalentes en Afrique et en Asie Metrics details Dispersion and deformation of cratonic fragments within orogens require weakening of the craton margins in a process of decratonization is one of several Brasiliano/Pan-African late Neoproterozoic orogens that led to the amalgamation of Gondwana A common feature of these orogens is that a period of extension and opening of narrow oceans preceded inversion and collision the São Francisco Craton was pulled away from its other half during an intermittent extension event between 1.0–0.92 and 0.9–0.82 Ga This was followed by inversion of an embryonic and confined oceanic basin at ca 0.60 Ga and transpressional orogeny from ca Here we investigate the boundary region between the north São Francisco Craton and the Borborema Province and demonstrate how cratonic blocks became physically involved in the orogeny We combine these results with a wide compilation of U–Pb and Nd-isotopic model ages to show that the Borborema Province consists of up to 65% of strongly sheared ancient rocks affiliated with the São Francisco/Benino-Nigerian Craton separated by major transcurrent shear zones with only ≈ 15% addition of juvenile material during the Neoproterozoic orogeny This evolution is repeated across a number of Brasiliano/Pan-African orogens and indicate that extension weakened cratonic regions in a process of decratonization that prepared them for involvement in the orogenies (D) Spatial distribution of zircon U–Pb crystallization ages of igneous and metaigneous rocks of the Borborema Province (E) Spatial distribution of εNd(t) values calculated for the time of crystallization shown in (D) U–Pb ages and εNd(t) values were gridded in the ArcGIS software using Inverse-Distance-Weighted Interpolation (IDW) we compile large volumes of whole-rock Nd isotope data as well as geological and geophysical data from the BP and northern part of the SFC and the Benino-Nigerian Shield We use the data to first quantify the Neoproterozoic continental growth of the BP and establish the dominance of recycled cratonic material and then to investigate how the decratonization allowed former cratonic Archean-Paleoproterozoic terranes to be entrained in the BP during the Neoproterozoic Orogeny Just how these old terranes became involved in the orogen remains unclear and so were the U–Pb crystallization ages from individual rock samples Positive εNd(t) values were used to distinguish juvenile addition of new crust to the Borborema Province through time The production of new continental crust during the main Neoproterozoic orogenic period accounts for only ~ 15% of the new continental crust in the province suggesting the orogeny was characterized by whole-sale lithospheric reworking with minor juvenile magma input The distributions show three different patterns denoting different source areas: G1 cratonic provenance only G2 Tonian extensional magmatic rocks plus cratonic provenance and G3 Neoproterozoic orogenic magmatic rocks plus a variety of older sources N is the number of rock samples; n is the total number of zircon grains analyzed The bars on top of the diagrams depict the range of the youngest zircon grains found in each group Transpression and correlation of terranes in the central and southern Borborema Province (A) Sm–Nd TDM age map of the south Borborema Province and northern edge of the São Francisco Craton with magnetic first derivative image as background Inset illustrates dextral displacements of the 1.0 to 0.8 Ga and the older 2.8–2.0 Ga terranes across the Pernambuco shear zone The yellow arrows indicate the direction of tectonic transport AF Afeição domain; RP Riacho do Pontal fold-and-thrust belt; AP Alto Pajeú terrane; AM Alto Moxotó terrane The stereograms report the Sn + 1 foliation along with its stretching lineation (red arrows) and shear sense when available The Sm–Nd TDM ages were gridded in the ArcGIS software using Inverse-Distance-Weighted Interpolation (IDW) (B) Block diagram illustrating the transpressive regime in the Entremontes block with progressive displacement and increased deformation from the craton to the Entremontes block and to the Alto Moxotó terrane across the Boa Vista (BV) and the Pernambuco (PE) shear zones Note how the Tonian rocks follow the same increase in deformation from the Afeição (AF) domain to the Alto Pajeú (AP) terrane they indicate a dextral displacement across the Pernambuco shear zone of ≈ 200 km In summary, much of the Borborema Province has old Nd model ages and zircon population signatures similar to the São Francisco Craton/Benino-Nigerian Shield (Figs. 1 and 2A) suggesting direct or indirect derivation from these areas The stepwise process of breakdown and involvement of cratonic blocks is preserved at the margin of the craton where increased deformation of cratonic blocks is recorded across the Pernambuco shear zone and associated with a dextral displacement of ≈ 200 km corresponding approximately to the time gap between Tonian extension and start of the orogeny in the BP) The stress envelopes show that during the Brasiliano orogenic event the cratonic area would be stronger than the regions that underwent the more recent Tonian thermotectonic event This implies that the orogenic deformation would focus on the weaker decratonized lithosphere the Tonian extensional event would have made sections of the cratonic lithosphere amenable to subsequent reworking within the orogenic realm Position of the cross-sections (on the right-hand-side of D) are indicated by pink dashed lines in A to D Arrows and their size indicate direction and relative magnitude of the stresses Disrupted Tonian and cratonic domains: AF Afeição PM in cross section (g) to (h) is partial melting The rocks south of the shear zone record only incipient deformation whereas those to the north are intensely strained into sigmoidal terranes in harmony with the regional transcurrent deformation and the geological-geophysical structure of this region We conclude that the stepwise increase in deformation intensity of craton margin blocks illustrated by the Entremontes block and the sigmoidal-shaped Alto Moxotó terrane illustrates how a number of other Archean-Paleoproterozoic blocks may have been pulled away from the original craton to form inliers within the orogeny It is important to note that dispersal of decratonized blocks from the SFC was more effective along the southern and central zones of the Borborema Province where evidence for Cariris Velhos extensional events has been better defined We conclude that the cratonic roots of the São Francisco Craton/Benino-Nigerian Shield This created the conditions required for the involvement and dispersal of decratonized inliers within the Brasiliano orogen We suggest that this may have been the general sequence of events for many of the Brasiliano/Pan-African orogens where extension related to the break-up of cratonic masses and opening of oceanic realms with varying degrees of maturity were followed by convergence wrench tectonics and late post-collisional magmatism during Gondwana amalgamation The compilation was augmented with data from the literature Most of the data are from (meta)igneous rocks with subordinated input from metasedimentary rocks The airborne magnetic database comprises data from seven surveys between 2001 and 2010, with 500 m flight-line spacing in the N–S direction and flight height of 100 m (http://geosgb.cprm.gov.br) The Total Magnetic Intensity map (TMI) was created by interpolating the magnetic data into a 125 m grid cell size using the bi-directional method and subsequently filtered by a Gaussian low-pass filter To highlight the regional tectonic framework we calculated the first vertical derivative of TMI (1VD) Vertical averages of rheology of the continental lithosphere: Relation to thin sheet parameters Diffuse continental deformation: Length scales Geodynamics of the Tarim basin and the Tian Shan in central Asia Dynamics of intra-plate compressional deformation: The Alpine foreland and other examples The role of basement reactivation in continental deformation The recognition of reactivation during continental deformation Mesozoic decratonization of the North China block Late Triassic adakitic plutons within the Archean terrane of the North China Craton: Melting of the ancient lower crust at the onset of the lithospheric destruction Tectonic evolution of the North China Block: From orogen to craton to orogen In Mesozoic Sub-Continental Lithospheric Thinning Under Eastern Asia Vol The composition and evolution of lithospheric mantle: A re-evaluation and its tectonic implications U-Pb zircon ages of orthogneisses and supracrustal rocks of the Cariris Velhos belt: Onset of Neoproterozoic rifting in the Borborema Province The Ni-Cu-PGE mineralized Brejo Seco mafic-ultramafic layered intrusion Riacho do Pontal Orogen: Onset of Tonian (ca 900 Ma) continental rifting in Northeast Brazil A complete Wilson Cycle recorded within the Riacho do Pontal Orogen NE Brazil: Implications for the Neoproterozoic evolution of the Borborema Province at the heart of West Gondwana The Neoproterozoic Sergipano orogenic belt NE Brazil: A complete plate tectonic cycle in western Gondwana Tightening-up NE Brazil and NW Africa connections: New U-Pb / Lu-Hf zircon data of a complete plate tectonic cycle in the Dahomey belt of the West Gondwana Orogen in Togo and Benin Extruding the Borborema Province (NE-Brazil): A two-stage Neoproterozoic collision process Proterozoic history of the Borborema province (NE Brazil): Correlations with neighboring cratons and Pan-African belts and implications for the evolution of western Gondwana The age distributions of detrital zircons in metasedimentary sequences in eastern Borborema Province (NE Brazil): Evidence for intracontinental sedimentation and orogenesis? 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The tectonic history of the southern Adamastor Ocean based on a correlation of the Kaoko and Dom Feliciano belts In Geology of Southwest Gondwana (eds Siegesmund Geochronology of the Zambezi Supracrustal sequence Southern Zambia: A record of neoproterozoic divergent processes along the southern Margin of the Congo Craton Neoproterozoic geodynamic evolution of SW-Gondwana: A southern African perspective Neoproterozoic igneous complex emplaced along major tectonic boundary in the Kaoko Belt (NW Namibia): Ion probe and LA-ICP-MS dating of magmatic and metamorphic zircons The Luis Alves and Curitiba Terranes: Continental fragments in the Adamastor Ocean The tectonic significance of the Cabo Frio Tectonic Domain in the SE Brazilian margin: A Paleoproterozoic through Cretaceous saga of a reworked continental margin A change in the geodynamics of continental growth 3 billion years ago Intralithospheric differentiation and crustal growth: Evidence from the Borborema province Brasiliano (Pan-African) granite magmatism in the Pajeú-Paraíba belt Northeast Brazil: Anisotopic and geochronologicalapproach Paleoproterozoic subduction-related metasomatic signatures in the lithospheric mantle beneath NE Brazil: Inferences from trace element and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic compositions of Neoproterozoic high-K igneous rocks Connecting orogenic (subduction-related) and anorogenic (intraplate-like) magmatism: some insights from Ceará State Arrested orogenic development: Eclogitization Crustal structure of the eastern Borborema Province from the joint inversion of receiver functions and surface wave dispersion: Implications for plateau uplift Upper mantle anisotropy of the Borborema Province NE Brazil: Implications for intra-plate deformation and sub-cratonic asthenospheric flow Weakness of the lower continental crust: A condition for delamination Sm-Nd isotopic mapping of lithospheric growth and stabilization in the eastern Kaapvaal craton DateView: A windows geochronology database Quantifying the evolution of the continental and oceanic crust Download references This research was supported by the Serrapilheira Institute (Grant # Serra – 1709-21887) C.E.G acknowledges the CAPES 88881.363575/2019-01 grant for supporting the author’s research visit at the University of Bern during the writing of the paper We appreciate the critical reading of Daniela Rubatto and Jörg Hermann that contributed to the improvement of an early version of the manuscript Neves and an anonymous reviewer for criticism and suggestions that much improved the manuscript Pedro Pessano and Rodolfo Reis are also acknowledged for their help with data compilation and field data acquisition contributed to the discussion and revised the paper conducted the field investigation and image interpretation compiled the isotopic data and conducted the 2-D griding of the data into isotopic maps The authors declare no competing interests Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations Download citation DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84703-x Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: a shareable link is not currently available for this article Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science na 2ª edição do Diário Oficial do Estado (DOE) de terça-feira (21/5) que atualiza a lista de municípios em estado de calamidade pública e em situação de emergência a medida foi tomada a partir de requerimentos e novas informações trazidas pelos municípios sobre as áreas afetadas e sobre a extensão dos danos ocorridos Também foi motivada pela ampliação do acesso pelo Estado ampliando as informações sobre as consequências do evento meteorológico registrado entre o fim de abril e o início de maio no Rio Grande do Sul Além da reclassificação da intensidade do desastre também houve a inclusão de municípios na declaração estadual foram identificados 46 municípios em estado de calamidade e 320 em situação de emergência o Decreto 57.626 entra em vigor na data da publicação (21/5) retroagindo seus efeitos a 13 de maio de 2024