Indígenas de 14 aldeias participaram da atividade de formação sobre como realizar denúncia sobre contaminação por agrotóxicos - Foto: Lizely Borges About 4,000 Avá-Guarani Indigenous individuals live in the far west of the state of Paraná at risk of glyphosate contamination The substance is the active ingredient in Roundup the world's best-selling pesticide for eliminating weeds from crops and even public spaces itchy patches on the skin and diseases such as cancer have become part of Avá-Guarani's routine in recent years a lot of people get headaches and go to the health center more frequently We've never had that [before],” says Celso Japoty Alves an Avá-Guarani leader and former cacique – Indigenous leader of a specific Indigenous community – of the Ocoy Indigenous community in the town of São Miguel do Iguaçu.  The community is one of three Avá-Guarani communities demarcated as Indigenous territory by the federal government. Even so, it does not guarantee security for residents.  "We're being harmed because there's no land protection regarding this issue The machine has been spraying poison and various pesticides next to Indigenous communities it reaches Indigenous communities,” says Alves "All of these Indigenous communities are being affected by poison, mainly from soy plantations There are two monocultures here in the region: corn and soy There are around four thousand Indigenous people at risk from glyphosate because most communities have no protection there is no green area or safe distance,” says the Indigenous leader there are houses and on the other soy plantations where they used to spray poison.” A 2023 survey by the Guarani Yvyrupá Commission (CGY, in Portuguese), which brings together collectives of the Guarani people from southern and southeastern Brazil in the struggle for land except for three villages located in urban areas all the other Avá-Guarani communities are next to plantations.   the distance between plantations and Indigenous homes is less than two meters far less than the minimum distance of 50 meters from water sources The survey also points out that around 60% of Indigenous communities’ territories have been taken by agribusiness with only 1.3% occupied by small farms and Indigenous housing and 12% by forested areas Some Avá-Guarani communities are located in the towns of Guaíra and Terra Roxa and on the border between Brazil and Paraguay According to the petitioning organizations 509 of the 661 agricultural establishments in Guaíra and 921 of the 1,209 agricultural establishments in Terra Roxa use pesticides predominantly on soy and corn plantations.   which caused much of the Avá-Guarani territory to be flooded The contamination of the Avá-Guarani people by glyphosate has become the subject of a complaint against the biochemical company Bayer at the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) for the harms of the pesticide on the environment and human health.   three other cases from Latin America joined the complaint made to the National Contact Point (NCP) in Germany where Bayer's headquarters are located The agency is responsible for promoting the OECD guidelines for multinational companies as well as dealing with cases through non-judicial complaint mechanisms.   Glyphosate has been produced by the agrochemical company Monsanto since the 1970s which was bought by Bayer for US$66 billion in 2018 consolidating the company as the world's largest agrochemical and transgenic group Among the organizations that filed the complaint at the end of April are Centro de Estudios Legales y Sociales from Brazil; Base Investigaciones Sociales from Bolivia; and the European Center for Constitutional and Human Rights The abovementioned organizations report that “the intensive use of pesticides contaminates rivers, food, animals and Indigenous peoples Pesticides are used as a chemical weapon to confine Indigenous peoples to a strip of land that gets smaller every day Dependent on rivers and springs to access water Indigenous communities report frequent illnesses such as vomiting especially among the elderly and children." They also highlight “the disappearance of wild species of birds game animals and a decrease in the number of fish and loss of food production capacity due to the contamination of rivers affecting the food sovereignty of the Avá-Guarani people There are areas fumigated with pesticides near Indigenous houses or roads."   a lawyer at the Brazilian NGO Terra de Direitos explains that “the communities are surrounded by large farms mainly transgenic soy with high pesticide usage Indigenous communities have been denouncing a process of territorial confinement,” she said of the Avá-Guarani.  "Due to the presence of agribusiness around these communities water and intoxication of Indigenous people – both acute and chronic – is alarming Indigenous people are denouncing the process of losing biodiversity because pesticides fall on these plants and they wither their roots rot and their fruits don’t grow,” she says.   In the lawyer's words, this is also a state of “food insecurity” added to latent health issues There are “reported cases of itchy skin which are classic symptoms of acute intoxication as well as many cases of depression and suicide pesticides play an important role in contributing to mental illness." "There are cases of miscarriages precisely because of pesticide drift [according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency “is the movement of pesticide dust or droplets through the air at the time of application or soon after”] Several studies prove that having pesticides in these areas is a risk because they cause endocrine and carcinogenic diseases which influence breast milk contamination." “pesticides are used as chemical weapons against Indigenous communities” to expel them from ancestral territories they are retaking and curb the struggle for land demarcation which includes areas occupied by agribusiness.   Brasil de Fato asked the National Foundation for Indigenous Peoples (FUNAI in Portuguese) about the situation of the Avá-Guarani people in western Paraná state the company said it has “no knowledge of the alleged incidents” "Official approvals are regulated by numerous national and international laws and guidelines Safety studies submitted for pesticide approval are conducted following the strict international guidelines of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Our internal safety criteria are even stricter than legal requirements,” the multinational company said in a statement All original content produced and editorially authored by Brasil de Fato may be reproduced provided it is not altered and proper credit is given All original content produced and editorially authored by Brasil de Fato may be reproduced Metrics details Indigenous health has posted complex challenges worldwide which may lead to emergence and reemergence of pathogens In addition to few Coxiella burnetii serosurveys in vulnerable populations especially in developing tropical countries no comprehensive One Health approach has focused on human-animal infection along with potential environmental determinants this study aimed to assess the seroprevalence of anti-C burnetii antibodies in indigenous populations and their dogs from 10 indigenous communities distributed in southern and southeastern Brazil along with the correspondent healthcare professionals 8/893 (0.90%; 95% CI 0.45–1.76) indigenous and 1/406 (0.25%) dog samples were seropositive with 7/343 (2.04%) individuals the 1/144 (0.69%) dog from the Ocoy community located in the city of São Miguel do Iguaçu All 84 healthcare professionals tested seronegative burnetii impact may be even higher in indigenous communities with no confirmed cases or serological exposure evidence to date in Brazil burnetii serosurveys in vulnerable populations particularly in developing tropical countries no comprehensive One Health approach to date has surveyed the C burnetii infection in indigenous populations characterized by their close relationship with natural forest areas and wildlife animals their dogs and healthcare professionals from 10 indigenous communities distributed in southern and southeastern Brazil Map produced by the authors using QGIS 3.18 burnetii positivity in indigenous communities It was observed a statistical significance between the seropositivity for C burnetii antibodies in indigenous communities of Brazil Ocoy was the most seropositive indigenous community presenting 7/8 human and the single dog cases Ocoy community was the closest to bordering countries with frequent international crossing to visit other indigenous communities located nearby in Argentina and Paraguay this community was the most inserted into wildness historically transferred from their original area (which was submerged) and living at the artificial lakeshore of the Itaipu Company effective in 1982 and the biggest electric powerplant dam in Brazil since currently the third worldwide in electricity production The other only seropositive human sample was detected at the Kopenoty community likely exposed outside the indigenous area the growth and significant changes may have influenced the wildlife relationship and predispose circulation of Coxiella and other infectious agents in such formerly isolated indigenous communities Pidoty and Guaviraty indigenous communities all located at environmentally preserved seashore and oceanic island areas have also indicated that livestock distance may be an associated protective factor for C Such pattern was not observed herein in dogs of Brazilian indigenous communities further studies should be conducted to fully establish the zoonotic potential and associated risk factors of Q fever between dogs and humans the study herein was also the first assessment in indigenous dog populations to the C the gap in Q fever occurrence and impact in these communities has led to the pioneer study herein it is possible to argue that the indigenous population evaluated herein are prone to be exposed to tick bite and becoming infected by C or swine were allowed (or observed) in the indigenous communities the present study has not mapped or surveyed livestock animals in the surroundings areas as associated risk factors Particularly in the Ocoy indigenous community livestock raising and production in nearby farms may be a potential source for the C future studies should be conducted in nearby Paraguayan and Argentinean indigenous communities to pinpoint and fully establish the source of C and potential spreading by terrestrial international crossing of indigenous individuals future pneumonia patients from the Ocoy community should be surveyed for Q fever as rule out diagnosis as a guideline model for surveillance and prevention activities in Brazil and other endemic countries with frequent international border crossing to visit other indigenous communities located nearby in Argentina and Paraguay serving as an alert for international spreading of disease Future surveys should be conducted in Paraguayan and Argentinian indigenous communities cross the border to fully establish such infection risk and transmission This study was approved by the Human Health Ethics Committee at the Brazilian Ministry of Health (protocol 52.039.021.9.0000.0102) informed consent was obtained from all participants and/or their legal guardians All procedures were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations The serosurvey herein was carried out in the ethnic groups of Guarani Terena and Kaingang from 10 different indigenous communities located in the Paraná state (six communities) at southern and São Paulo state (four communities) at southeastern Brazil All six indigenous communities in the Paraná state were situated within the Atlantic Forest biome at seashore (3) while all four communities in São Paulo state were situated nearby each other The six indigenous communities of Paraná state included Tupã Nhe’e Kretã These communities were characterized by living on natural resources for survival such as fishing and agriculture and with poor basic hygiene infrastructure and Guaviraty communities were located on seashore and oceanic islands where biodiversity and traditional finishing culture have been well-preserved while Tupã Nhe’e Kretã and Araça’í were situated in preserved areas of the metropolitan area of Curitiba state capital and the eighth biggest Brazilian city with 1.8 million habitants the far-west Ocoy community was marked by traditional indigenous countryside culture high people movements through Paraguayan and Argentinean borders and majority of individuals speaking only Guarani (and not the official Portuguese language) The four indigenous communities of São Paulo state were located nearby and included Kopenoty These communities were less traditional in indigenous culture than those in the Paraná state and had adequate basic sanitation living mostly by agriculture as the main family activity income Many indigenous people worked outside the communities After signing an individual voluntary consent human blood samples were collected from indigenous people and health professionals by cephalic venipuncture performed by certified nurses and dog blood samples by jugular venipuncture performed by certified veterinarians All blood samples were centrifuged at 800g for 5 min serum placed in cryotubes and kept at − 20 °C until processing Epidemiological data was collected using individual questionnaires All indigenous people living in these locations were included in the study Dog owners also answered epidemiological questionnaires with information on their dogs including age burnetii antibodies (IgG) and risk factors (gender and hunting habit of indigenous) was evaluated by the Fisher exact test (univariate analysis) due to the low number of seropositive cases (7/690) The odds ratio (OR) was calculated with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) by median biased estimation All statistical analysis was conducted in R software v A P value of < 0.05 was considered significant The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request Scalco, N. & Louvison, M. Indigenous health: struggles and resistance in the construction of knowledge. Correspondência https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-12902020000003 (2020) Censo 2022|IBGE. https://www.ibge.gov.br/estatisticas/sociais/trabalho/22827-censo-demografico-2022.html Overview of Q fever in Brazil: An underestimated zoonosis Seroprevalence of Q {Fever} among the indigenous {People} ({Orang} Asli}) of {Peninsular {Malaysia} Seroprevalence of Coxiella burnetii in Australian dogs Seroprevalence and risk factors of Q fever in an indigenous community in the Brazilian Legal Amazonia/ Soroprevalência e fatores de risco da febre q em uma comunidade indígena da amazônia legal brasileira (2023) Seroprevalence estimate and risk factors for Coxiella burnetii infections among humans in a highly urbanised Brazilian state Coxiella burnetii in slaughterhouses in Brazil: A public health concern Seropositivity for Coxiella burnetii in suspected patients with dengue in São Paulo state Q Fever: A troubling disease and a challenging diagnosis Infectious disease issues in underserved populations AVÁ-GUARANI: A construção de Itaipu e os direitos territoriais de França, D. A. et al. Serosurvey of Coxiella burnetii in descendants of former black slaves (Quilombola Communities) of Southern Brazil. Microorganisms. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12010092 (2024) Seroprevalence of seven zoonotic infections in Nunavik Molecular detection of Coxiella burnetii in aborted bovine fetuses in Brazil de França, D. A. et al. Serosurvey of Coxiella burnetii in police officers and working dogs in Brazil: Case report and One Health Implications. Trop. Med. Infect. Disease. https://doi.org/10.3390/TROPICALMED9040078 (2024) From the approach to the concept: One Health in Latin America-experiences and perspectives in Brazil Occurrence of the off-host life stages of Tunga penetrans (Siphonaptera) in various environments in Brazil Tick exposure and risk of tick-borne pathogens infection in hunters and hunting dogs: a citizen science approach Comparison of three serologic tests for the detection of anti-Coxiella burnetii antibodies in patients with Q Fever Download references To the Special Indigenous Health District (DSEI) the Special Secretariat for Indigenous Health (SESAI) for collaborating with our actions and collection The present research was funded through the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development-CNPq (404687/2021–0 and 401302/2022–9) Graduate College of Cell and Molecular Biology Louise Bach Kmetiuk & Alexander Welker Biondo Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine School of Veterinary Medicine and Animals Science Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science National Institute of the Atlantic Forest (INMA) Rogério Giuffrida & Vamilton Alvares Santarém Andrea Pires dos Santos & Alexander Welker Biondo made substantial contributions to the conception The authors declare no competing interests Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations Download citation DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-60850-9 Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: a shareable link is not currently available for this article Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science Last December, camera traps installed in Brazil’s Iguaçu National Park captured an image of a new member of the jaguar population resident in the region raising hopes of a sustained resurgence in numbers of the big cat there The female jaguar (Panthera onca), named Cacira, will be counted in the next census of the species, to be carried out in the first half of 2020. The census will cover both sides of the Iguaçu River, where the Brazilian park and the Argentinian one, Iguazú National Park in a joint effort by researchers from the two countries Cacira is part of a growing trend of jaguars in the Iguazú region rebounding from a near complete loss of the population on the Brazilian side in the first decade of the century In the early 1990s there were about 400 jaguars in this border region but by 2005 there were only 40 individuals left there were only eight left in the Brazilian park The main factors pushing the species to the brink of extirpation were hunting and loss of habitat due to intense deforestation in this part of the Atlantic Forest biome when the jaguar population reached 58 in both countries (14 in Brazil) By 2016 researchers counted 90 (22 in Brazil) “The goal is to reach 250 individuals a number that the region could sustain in its current state,” says Ronaldo Morato coordinator of Brazil’s National Center for Research and Conservation of Carnivorous Mammals (CENAP) linked to ICMBio (the Chico Mendes Institute) Argentina has a larger number of jaguars because the area covered by the census includes two other parks in the province of Misiones and 400,000 hectares (988,000 acres) of forest the census is limited to Iguaçu National Park an 185,000-hectare (457,000-acre) green belt surrounded by crop farms “The jaguar suffers strong threat in the whole Atlantic Forest because it is a highly urbanized region two-thirds of the Brazilian population,” Morato says “What helps the species in the case of Serra do Mar in the mosaic of conservation units [in the states of São Paulo Paraná and the frontier with Rio de Janeiro] is the fact that it is a very mountainous area It’s not only in the Atlantic Forest where the jaguar is vulnerable — and not just in Brazil the Amazon biome is the one that guarantees the jaguar’s long-term survival the animal is threatened in all Amazonian countries where forest areas have been replaced by the planting of palm trees for oil extraction,” Morato says “The same is true in Central America in addition to the Brazilian Cerrado and Caatinga [biomes] The conversion of forest to pasture increases human access to those borders and with that the possibility of hunting grows.” The largest wild cat in the Americas the jaguar is present in all Brazilian biomes except the Pampa The jaguar is a key species in the functioning of the ecosystem it regulates the population of herbivores such as peccaries which in turn influence the type of growth of vegetation in the ecosystem The increase of jaguars in the Iguazú region is the only case of its kind in South America and can be attributed to a series of factors the governments of Brazil and Argentina have worked together to organize and intensify law enforcement activity and dismantling of illegal logging and hunting camps Scientific research being carried out in the field has also deterred poachers who are wary of the camouflaged camera traps monitoring the area Another key factor has been the shift in agricultural patterns since 2007 The predominant farming activity before was cattle and sheep ranching With jaguars being squeezed out of their habitat and facing a dwindling population of natural prey prompting retaliatory killings by ranchers That began to change thanks to two crops that elsewhere in Brazil have been strongly linked to deforestation and loss of biodiversity Amid rising global demand for soybeans and corn more farmers switched from ranching to cultivating these crops thereby helping reduce the conflict between ranchers and jaguars Illegal hunting hasn’t been limited to those reasons alone “Southern Brazil has a strong tradition in the activity and if they find a jaguar they often kill it,” Morato says monitors the population of the species and carries out conservation efforts in the region “The jaguar’s survival depends to a great extent on human tolerance to the animal Our work seeks coexistence between the two groups through a change in perception towards felids,” Barros says That effort includes a series of initiatives in recent years such as the “Jaguar chat,” where researchers talk with locals about how to manage their livestock and other animals properly to prevent jaguars preying on them as well as what to do in the unlikely event of an encounter with one “We are also evaluating how to encourage alternative sources of income for producers who have lost cattle due to big felids Many of those ranchers own small and medium-sized properties It is a way to compensate and dissuade them from killing the jaguar,” Barros says “In the municipality of São Miguel do Iguaçu We saw that he produced some cheese and we started taking his product to sell it in the park we took 40 units and sold them in five minutes He now calls it the ‘jaguar cheese,’ and also started to sell ‘jaguar vinegar.’ In addition he installed an electric fence on the farm that prevents outside animals from entering the property.” Another initiative is “Jaguar in school,” which consists of lessons and theatrical plays for children in public schools reaching 1,500 children in 12 municipalities There’s now greater acceptance of the big cat among the public one of the country’s leading specialists on the species but projects throughout Brazil are bringing together government agencies There are farmers who still do not accept conservation initiatives but people in general are friendlier toward nature I have seen that attitude out in the field when we approach farmers and rural workers in a change that has been taking place in recent years.” Paviolo, A., De Angelo, C., Ferraz, K. M., Morato, R. G., Martinez Pardo, J., Srbek-Araujo, A. C., … Azevedo, F. (2016). A biodiversity hotspot losing its top predator: The challenge of jaguar conservation in the Atlantic Forest of South America. Scientific Reports, 6, 37147. doi:10.1038/srep37147 This story was first reported by Mongabay’s Brazil team and published here on our Brazil site on Mar The “fortress conservation” model is under pressure in East Africa as protected areas become battlegrounds over history and global efforts to halt biodiversity loss Mongabay’s Special Issue goes beyond the region’s world-renowned safaris to examine how rural communities and governments are reckoning with conservation’s colonial origins and trying to forge a path forward […] Too many automated requests from this network Pedro Colombari owns a farm with five thousand pigs in the small town of São Miguel do Iguaçu in the southern Brazilian state of Paraná He started producing biogas in 2006 and uses it to supply his farm with electricity “It’s easy to produce biogas in pig farming The system is very simple,” says Colombari the pigs’ waste gradually slides towards the biodigester through pipes.” Biogas is a renewable energy source generated from the decomposition of organic waste produced by farms The waste is directed to covered pools where its decomposition results in the release of biogas What is left – called bio-digestate – is used as fertilizer thermal energy or fuel for transportation with positive impacts for the environment: reducing greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere and lowering nitrogen or phosphorus pollution in streams Pedro Colombari’s biogas plant generates enough electricity to supply not only his farm but three other properties nearby The energy surplus is fed to the local power grid: “We save around a thousand dollars a month so it’s a significant amount of savings.” After biogas is generated he uses the resulting bio-digestate to fertilize his pasture He decided to establish a pig farm nearby to supply his business with electric energy from biogas Schaefer says he took this decision “for several reasons.” “First we can rely on our biogas plant whenever there is an energy shortage in the city.” His factory’s electricity bills used to count for 13% of the production costs since brick manufacturing is an energy-intensive business The biogas plant cut the electricity cost by half “We already have plans to expand our pig farming and to burn biogas to heat the furnace.” According to the Brazilian Biogas Association (ABiogás) Brazil has the greatest biogas potential in the world data from ABiogás and from the International Centre of Renewable Energy (CIBiogás) shows that Brazil has only 366 biogas plants and only exploits 2% of its total biogas potential Biogas could supply up to 36% of Brazil’s national electricity demand or cover 70% of its diesel oil consumption Brazil is also the fourth biggest consumer of biofertilizer in the world and currently imports 65% of the biofertilizer it uses If biogas – and therefore bio-digestate – production increased it would represent a market opportunity for local companies around three million cubic meters (106 million cubic feet) of biogas are produced in Brazil every day ABiogás and CIBiogás estimate that the country could generate up to 81 billion cubic meters (2.8 trillion cubic feet) of biogas each year if the potential for biogas production from agriculture and urban solid waste were fully exploited The United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) implements an initiative called Brazil GEF Biogas Project funded by the Global Environment Facility (GEF) and coordinated by the Brazilian Ministry of Science The project aims to develop the biogas value chain in Brazil and to convert organic waste into electric power The project also aims to promote employment and innovation by assisting agroindustry ventures in the south region of Brazil and plans to support municipal waste management businesses in the near future ABiogás and CIBiogás are among the main partners Beneficiaries will have access to up-to-date data on the supply of and demand for biogas UNIDO’s representative for Brazil and Venezuela believes that the immense volume of biomass available in Brazil allows for innovative business models “The biogas sector in Brazil does not necessarily need technological development as the technology is already well established” “The added value of our GEF project lies in its ability to foster a conducive business environment with suitable public policies Amadio says that the starting point for the development of a biogas strategy should be the end user of the core products “The Brazil GEF Biogas Project intends to develop a biogas production chain based on the end-user demand foreseeing the inclusion of the agricultural sector as well as complementary sectors in a way that is integrated and economically profitable.” Vinicius Guilherme Fritsch is the Energy Business Manager of Castrolanda an agro-industrial cooperative in the state of Paraná. He oversees a thousand members and three thousand contributors involved in milk Fritsch draws attention to some of the current obstacles that are preventing the sector from growing “I believe that the main challenges are the costs of imported equipment the costs for the automation of biogas plants and the complexity of properly designing a project in this sector." On the other hand, he believes that the main economic advantage of biogas and biomethane production is the transformation of waste into something profitable and manageable “We are able to monetize what was previously organic waste and we can give it an appropriate destination.” This piece was originally posted by the UN Industrial Development Organization © 2025 Global Environment Facility, All Rights Reserved.  |   Legal About | Privacy Policy | Advertising| Editorial | Contact Us Subscribe | Login MBA PROGRAM OFFERS 2-YEAR OR 1-YEAR OPTIONS The Class of 2020 is diverse in other ways too with another 28% being underrepresented American minorities they bring a 618 average GMAT to Boston coupled with a 3.22 average undergraduate GPA the largest segment of the class – 42% – earned their undergraduate degrees in Business Management and Science and Mathematics (4%) also constitute larger blocs of the incoming class just 6% of the class labeled themselves as entrepreneurs The largest segment features students who previously worked in financial services Olin received 604 applications for a spot in the two-year Class of 2020 ultimately accepting 70% of those who applied Olin offers the flexibility of a one-year program which drew 39 students with an average GMAT of 599 International students comprised 67% of this class with women holding 36% of the one year seats NEW DEAN LOOKING TO “REIMAGINE” THE PROGRAM “[We want to] make it more entrepreneurial As the market for graduate education is evolving we’ll make sure that our MBA is evolving with it.” That process has already begun, Rollag notes, with the school’s efforts to lengthen its reach in entrepreneurship. This includes adding new faculty in the field and expanding the Babson Institute for Family Entrepreneurship. In addition, the school has also opened its Weissman Foundry Center which focuses on fostering innovation in graduate and undergraduate programming and social entrepreneurship are all coming together under one hub and umbrella That’s not the only area where Olin has been in expansion mode. In September 2019, the school will launch its Babson-MBA Dubai a program for professional that will be housed in the Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC) and African commerce that covers 272 acres and boasts nearly 23,000 professionals “The Babson MBA-Dubai offers students the opportunity to complete their degree in 19 months with an equal ratio of face-to-face and online classes,” Moody Moore tells P&Q The expansion into Dubai will continue to broaden Babson’s global footprint in an effort to educate entrepreneurs of all kinds everywhere.” PROGRAMMING TIED CLOSELY TO CENTERS AND INSTITUTES For Babson, this is the latest step in a larger strategy, whose last move was opening a hub in Miami last year to cater to prospective entrepreneurs in Latin America and Mexico we’ve had a hub in San Francisco where we deliver our Blended Learning MBA,” says Kerry Healey we have undergraduate student cohorts who spend a semester there That facility has brought us much closer to the Seaport financial district and the innovation district in Kendall Square and enabled us to be a part of both We now have hundreds of events a year there plus graduate and undergraduate courses.” While the program is expanding externally, it still keeps a close eye on what’s happening on campus. In fact, Moody Moore considers the school’s extensive network of Centers and Institutes to be the most underrated part of the Babson MBA experience “While other school may use a “look but don’t experience” approach Babson’s Centers provide relevant programming and ongoing enrichment activities that strengthen the student experience and deepen their network and professional understanding,” she asserts It’s a regular part of the Babson experience COMING DECEMBER: A LIVE-STREAMED STARTUP COMPETITION WORTH $250K Student team applying Olins ET&A methodology This year, the Arthur M. Blank Center for Entrepreneurship even added a new wrinkle. In December, it will partner with the Indian Angel Network (IAN) – India’s largest business angel network – to host a live-streamed competition with a $250,000 equity stake as a prize we can give early-stage Babson entrepreneurs access to an experienced source of capital and a well-connected successful group of mentors who have seen it all,” says Debi Kleiman That network and experience is invaluable to entrepreneurs particularly in the early stages or if they are first time entrepreneurs.” have stirred the Class of 2020’s imagination is looking forward to the Butler Launchpad and Summer Venture Program Hamad Alfares plans to take advantage of Babson’s business support infrastructure whose startup was selected to be launched at Santa Clara’s DEMO Fall ’12 is eyeing two pivotal events at the school I’m looking forward to participating and being part of the Babson Entrepreneurship Forum and all it has to offer—speeches  I’m also looking forward to the electives abroad—studying an elective or two in a different country with new educational surroundings.” ENTREPRENEURIAL THOUGHT & ACTION IS THE PROGRAM’S CORE Entrepreneurship is undoubtedly Babson’s biggest draw the program is held together by a patented and repeatable – ET&A otherwise known as Entrepreneurial Thought and Action ET&A is a deeply data-driven and profoundly reflective approach that harnesses an entrepreneur’s creative energies to help them to quickly identify their commitment It starts with prospective entrepreneurs taking a deep dive into the what and the why Entrepreneurship is rarely about simply making money it comes with a purpose and a desired impact – one that will determine a venture’s scope and strategy Such research will ultimate determine a founder’s risk tolerance – or what they’ll be willing to sacrifice to turn their dream into a functioning operation ET&A practitioners are encouraged to take a small and calculated action the Olin equivalent to Silicon Valley’s “fail fast” mantra they bring others into the process for guidance before deciding whether to move on This methodology is what separates Olin from all the rest “Many MBAs have entrepreneurship as one of their strengths but Babson has two big differences from the rest entrepreneurship at Babson is the base and foundation of everything the focus is on adding real value to society ENTREPRENEURIAL MINDSET SCARCE IN THE BUSINESS WORLD ET&A also has heavy application to established enterprises, whose success and failure are equally dependent on reflection, research, action, and evaluation. “The majority of students aren’t creating their own businesses,” writes Ross Chesnik, a 2017 Olin grad and Best & Brightest MBA “The appeal of Babson’s entrepreneurship intrigue and status is that it attracts students who want to learn the principles of entrepreneurship to help them be better business leaders Babson’s methodology allows its students to navigate uncertainty in any business setting This skill set is still a scarcity in the business world and Babson MBA alumni take these assets to heart This advantage is only amplified in a small program like Olin where students can get to know everyone personally The faculty have also earned high marks from Olin students past and present “Professors here consistently teach you how to use the course material outside of the classroom,” says Alex Green “The faculty at Babson not only have given me helpful advice, but also have been forthcoming in connecting me to their network,” adds Ravish Majithia, another Best & Brightest MBA from the Class of 2018 “I owe a lot to the faculty members at Babson!” the MBA program benefits from its location in Boston Boston was ranked as the top metropolitan area for startups by the U.S Chamber of Commerce Foundation for the second year running in 2018 thanks to a highly educated and skilled talent pool along with strong partnerships between government and business “Boston is known as the up-and-coming startup hub that presents numerous area-specific offerings like high-caliber accelerators and incubators that allow me the chance to get hands-on experience in a cutting-edge startup environment,” writes Hamad Alfares “This will enable me to be several steps closer to reaching my career goals and aspirations.” Many plan to return to the home countries to grow their businesses and spread the word about entrepreneurship “I have a deep desire for building a centre in my hometown that promotes entrepreneurship and creates more opportunities for people with ideas,” writes Manan Bhandari “I believe in the talent pool available there I will be able to be a part of building the infrastructure that will create a great innovation ecosystem.” “My plan is to come back to Chile and work in my family business,” adds Benjamín Mujica Dittborn with an MBA and five years in a big company as LATAM Airlines is the right time to support my family and make my contribution to the companies we have There are huge challenges in these companies but I’m looking forward to this!” What led these professionals to enter business schools What strategies did they use to choose their MBA program What was the major event that defined them Find the answers to these questions and many more in the in-depth profiles of these incoming MBA candidates Our Partner Sites: Poets&Quants for Execs | Poets&Quants for Undergrads | Tipping the Scales | We See Genius Website Design By: Yellowfarmstudios.com Funcionários da Itaipu Binacional celebram casas indígenas sendo queimadas em julho de 1981 - Comissão Estadual da Verdade PR One thing apparently non-related to the other actually has not only a causal historical relationship but could also be if the company fulfils the Indigenous demands a way of alleviating the violence the Guarani people suffer; they who have been fighting to reclaim their territory Built during the Brazilian business-military dictatorship (1964-1985) the Itaipu hydroelectric dam on the Paraná River submerged 135,000 hectares of land much of this was Avá Guarani territory.  the binational company has committed to acquiring farms that are currently overlapping Avá Guarani areas and which This negotiation is also the subject of what is called Original Civil Action (ACO) No which is being processed by Brazil’s Supreme Court One of the areas that could be permanently destined for the Avá Guarani through the ACO measure is the current center of the conflict over land in the region when the Indigenous people carried out seven occupations within the Guasu Guavirá Indigenous Land a non-Indigenous encampment has been set up next to the retaken land perpetrating armed attacks that have already hurt 12 residents of Yvy Okaju The most recent wave of attacks against the community began on December 29, continued through New Year's Eve and had its bloodiest episode on January 3rd when two children and two young men were shot.    The retaken Indigenous village is part of the Guasu Guavirá Indigenous Land which was identified and delimited by the National Foundation for Indigenous Peoples (FUNAI the demarcation process has been at a standstill due to a lawsuit filed by the municipalities of Guaíra and Terra Roxa both located in the state of Paraná and accepted by the Federal Court at the trial court level.   The continuation of land demarcation depends on a final legal decision in the higher courts. This, however, is also suspended until the Supreme Court rules on the validity or otherwise of the so-called "Time Frame Thesis" or cut-off point (No The justice who will decide on the issue is Gilmar Mendes who opted to create a ‘conciliation commission’ Ava Guarani children in the Yvy Okaju Indigenous community next to where houses were burned down in attacks carried out by gunmen / Ava Guarani Community Approved by Congress in September 2023 – days later and despite the Supreme Court having ruled it unconstitutional – the thesis is in force in Brazil for the time being.  The Avá Guarani are directly affected by the idea that only Indigenous lands occupied by their original peoples in October 1988 can be demarcated. Expelled from their lands between 1975 and 1982, when Itaipu was built, it was not by choice that they were not there when the Brazilian Constitution was promulgated.  While the legal knot doesn't untie the demarcation one of the parallel ways to regularize the Avá Guarani lands is via Itaipu Guasu Guavirá Indigenous Land has 24,000 hectares The company has offered to buy three thousand hectares Itaipu Binational told Brasil de Fato that the negotiations are being held by the Federal Attorney General's Office with the participation of the Land Conflicts Commission of the National Council of Justice we are really moving towards an end,” the organization said Asked about the possibility of acquiring the 24,000 hectares of the Guasu Guavirá Indigenous Land “within the budget we have and what is owed for historical reparation it is necessary to acquire another 3,000 hectares which will be added to the other 2,200 hectares previously acquired.” Defending what it considers a “commitment” to ‘its socio-environmental legacy” be one of the major funders of the UN Climate Change Conference (COP30) “The federal investment of BRL 4.7 billion (over US$ 811,3 million) with BRL 1.3 billion (US$ 224,4 million) from Itaipu is part of the federal government's strategy to make Belém an example of sustainable urbanization,” the company said Brazil’s Ministry of Indigenous Peoples told Brasil de Fato that in August 2024 it signed a “protocol of intentions” with Itaipu Binational aimed at “reparation” and “socio-environmental justice” for the Indigenous persons affected by the hydroelectric dam “will not be commented on.”  “Faced with the demarcation of Indigenous Lands in Brazil and the delay regarding the deadline the Constitution establishes the ministry’s position is to find solutions that put a definitive end to the cycle of violence in land conflicts which deepened throughout 2023 and 2024 as a result of the cut-off point law,” the statement reads Villages burned to the ground and underwater from the Indigenous Missionary Council (CIMI when the last remaining Avá Guarani community had to say goodbye to their village in what was then Ocoy Jacutinga Indigenous Land the Indigenous chief Fernando Martinez and his wife Isadora Kamba'í in Portuguese) and the National Institute for Colonisation and Agrarian Reform (Incra These bodies were under the command of the military regime They [the Indigenous people] saw – and to this day I can still see the scene – their houses made of wood and straw burning down,” says Rezende.  They had finally managed to “sort it out." Because the last ones to leave were the Avá Guarani,” says the missionary the floodgates opened and everything was under water.  Photographs from July 1981 show staff from Itaipu's legal department posing in front of Indigenous houses set on fire The images were provided anonymously by a former employee to the Paraná Truth Commission which compiled the crimes committed by the dictatorship in Paraná “After identifying the Guarani of western Paraná as an ‘obstacle’ to the project of building the binational hydroelectric dam,” says the Truth Commission report published in 2014 “the state worked to remove and expel them from their lands which included denying them their ethnic identity by issuing ‘acculturation reports’.” when the Itaipu Treaty was signed between the dictatorial governments of Brazil and Paraguay INCRA took 12,000 hectares of land considered vacant and began resettling settlers According to the Guasu Guavirá Identification and Delimitation Report (RCID it aimed to relocate rural people displaced by the Iguaçu National Park and to “clear the land” for the construction of the power plant.  amid intense land conflicts in the border area the Brazilian government invested in a project that led to the removal of more than 42,000 people from the region,” the report points out “This expropriation process established compensation and resettlement criteria that served only holders of regular titles to these areas.” This was not the case for the Indigenous people Also according to the anthropological study, during the 1970s, entire Indigenous communities were “murdered and thrown into the Paraná River, families were forcibly removed to Paraguay, their existence denied by various mechanisms” by the military government, “Itaipu, Incra and FUNAI itself.” It was in Guaíra, where Vilma is, that the sanctuary for the Guarani people known as the Sete Quedas waterfall complex was also submerged by the dam. Unlike the Indigenous people of Ocoy, from the city of São Miguel do Iguaçu, Paraná, who were accompanied by CIMI, those from the municipality of Guaíra and Terra Roxa were the first to be displaced. When Jussara Rezende arrived in Ocoy in 1981, the community was already completely isolated. “They were terrified,” she says. “The flooding was imminent. The farmers in the area had already been removed. On the road linking Foz do Iguaçu to Santa Helena, there was nothing left. Empty houses burned down, the electricity transmission line was deactivated. It was a scenario of total abandonment, a very deadly atmosphere,” she describes. “The only people there were the small Avá Guarani group, resisting. And they stayed until 1982, until the very last moment. During the night, when they were performing their rituals, goons would suddenly arrive and shoot them, to intimidate them. It happened time and time again. I was astonished to see such a thing,” says Rezende. “At that time, they didn't trust anyone arriving there. I don't think they understood what was going to happen. The only thing they knew was that there was going to be a lot of water. It was terrifying,” says Jussara.    To overcome the language barrier, CIMI asked the Guarani from other Brazilian states with whom they were already working – such as chief Antônio Branco and Marçal de Souza (the driving force behind the organization of Indigenous peoples as a social movement in the country) – to translate messages from Portuguese into Guarani. Cassette tapes traveled from one state to the other so they could talk.  In just one day in the Ocoy Jacutinga community, anthropologist Célio Horst carried out his “study”. For him, most of the families were not Indigenous. “A questionnaire was administered in Portuguese. Then, depending on the answers, there were points,” recalls Jussara Rezende. Among those who didn't receive their identity stamp was 101-year-old Mrs Francisca, who didn't speak a word of Portuguese and, therefore, couldn't answer the questions.  “It was the same story as now: They're not Indigenous, they're Paraguayans,” criticizes Rezende. On January 15, less than two weeks after Yvy Okaju was shot by gunmen, a news story by RICtv, an affiliate of the Brazilian TV channel Record, questioned the community's Indigenous identity. Without providing any proof, it implied that they were Paraguayans and criminals. The Avá Guarani responded with a 58-minute live broadcast.  The revelations of Itaipu’s classified documents The Truth Commission's report brought to light a secret document about the case, written in 1987 by Itaipu's legal director at the time, Clóvis Ferro Costa. “On the one hand, my current personal conviction is that the Indigenous persons’ claim is not unreasonable. On the other, it is clear that the report on which Itaipu based its judgments is not true. I say this in private, to avoid judicial and political exploitation,” writes Costa. At the end of the 80s, Avá Guarani groups previously dispersed in the municipalities of Guaíra and Terra Roxa began to regroup in villages. “The movement to reclaim land from that time started with those who were grouped in the areas of the current Karumbe'y and Porã tekoha, centers of Guarani resistance which, with the growth of Guaíra's urban sprawl, were swallowed up by the city,” says the RCID. With population growth in the 2000s, these spaces became increasingly crowded and the struggle for retaking them gained momentum, leading to the emergence of 13 Indigenous villages within the Guasu Guavirá Indigenous Land. “It's when we get access to our history, the lineage to which we belong. We were also part of it, our great-grandparents were part of the expulsion story,” says Vilma, a young Avá Guarani leader.   “That's when, in 2009, there was another retaking initiative and that's when the fight for Avá Guarani territory began. It was no longer village by village, but our great struggle to get back to our territory,” explains Vilma. “Then came all this violence: Attacks, murders of Indigenous leaders, persecution. And today we are suffering in this clash. We're feeling it on our skin,” she says. She herself has shrapnel on her body. “To this day, we are feeling the impact of the past on the present,” summarizes Vilma Rios. “And even if Itaipu buys the area, especially here in Yvy Okaju, it still won't be enough," she emphasizes. “Even so, Itaipu needs to acquire this land and give it to us. We belong to it. The owner of the land isn't us, it's someone invisible, but in our lives at all times, whether in moments of struggle, pain, sacrifice or survival. As much as we can't physically see it, we can feel it,” explains Vilma. “What connects the old struggle to the current one?” reflects Jussara Rezende. “At a point when it was no longer possible to resist, the Guarani of Jacutinga accepted 251 hectares. This is not reparation; it never will be. But it has made it possible to keep the struggle alive since 1982,” the missionary observes. “The difference,” Vilma says, “is that today we are not backing down.” All original content produced and editorially authored by Brasil de Fato may be reproduced, provided it is not altered and proper credit is given. All original content produced and editorially authored by Brasil de Fato may be reproduced, provided it is not altered and proper credit is given. Photos: Vincent ter BeekBrazil’s animal protein industry comprises of various large cooperatives opportunities are plentiful to promote its own products on a wider scale Inside the control room of the Santa Helena feed plant a large green smiley hangs on the wall It looks out over 4 employees studying their screens “It’s a sign that the plant is very clean,” says Carlos EduardoGet full access to all stories on Pig ProgressThis Premium article is exclusively available for subscribers Obtain insights from exclusive interviews Dive into articles covering trending industry topics Already subscribed? Click here to login O endereço abaixo não existe na globo.com