Metrics details The end-Triassic extinction (ETE) event represents one of the ‘big five’ episodes of mass extinction The leading hypothesis for the cause of the ETE is the intrusion of voluminous magmas of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP) into carbon-rich sediments of two South American sedimentary basins must be considered in light of age models from CAMP rocks occurring in North America we present new high-precision ages for critical samples in NE Brazil (201.579 ± 0.057 Ma) and Canada (201.464 ± 0.017 Ma) in order to evaluate how the South and North American magmatic events compare at the 100-ka level We also discuss inter-laboratory reproducibility of high-precision CAMP ages including the 230Th disequilibrium corrections that are made to zircon U–Pb dates Our findings in this newly discovered extension of the CAMP large igneous province in NE Brazil support the hypothesis that the CAMP may be responsible for the ETE through the triggering of greenhouse gas release from magma-evaporite interactions (contact metamorphism) in the South American basins is considered to be older than the continental ETE the analysis of independent reference materials in concert with unknown samples plays an important role in assessing the accuracy and inter-comparability of data produced via measurements in different laboratories U and Pb isotopic measurements were made on Isotopx Phoenix or Isoprobe-T multicollector thermal ionization mass spectrometers equipped with an ion-counting Daly detector for single collector analysis of Pb isotopes and Faraday cups with 1012-Ω resistors for static multicollection of uranium isotopes U and Pb mass fractionation were corrected using the known ratios (202Pb/205Pb = 0.999239 ± 0.0265% 1 σ) 233U/235U = 0.995062 ± 0.0054% 1 σ) of the ET2535 tracer solution All common Pb in the zircon analyses was attributed to laboratory blank based upon numerous total procedural blank measurements Although there is some intrinsic 204Pb within the ET100 solution we follow other published literature in assigning all apparent common Pb to laboratory blank Experiments show that this assumption does not introduce significant bias in the calculated apparent 206Pb/238U date of the solution 206Pb/238U ratios and dates for zircon analyses were corrected for initial 230Th disequilibrium using a Th/U[magma] based upon measured whole rock host basalt compositions No 230Th correction was applied to ET100 solution analyses Blank boxes represent outliers not included in weighted mean age calculations Different laboratories are discriminated in parenthesis as well as Pb analyses measured by electron multipliers (m) Daly photomultiplier (d) or a combination of methods (f-d) The grey bar through the middle of the plot is centered on 100.179 ± 0.011 Ma which illustrates a ± 0.011% variation between laboratories (b) Compilation of all analyses for a best estimate weighted mean age for the North Mountain Basalt outlier crystals were removed by failing a modified version of the Thompson’s Tau rejection test The uncertainty is shown as the weighted mean standard error and also the inflated in quadrature by 0.011% dispersion from the ET100 U–Pb solution threshold in brackets Asterisk (*) indicates samples from low-Ti (< 2%wt presumed as causers of the end-Triassic extinction (ETE) event PDF (probability density functions) curves are derived from U–Pb ages black is relative to the entire CAMP magmatism (minus South American samples) red is derived from South American CAMP dates shown in this figure it also highlights the necessity of highly controlled analytical conditions We applied the same sample preparation protocols to the ET100 solution as used in U–Pb isolation from zircon including high temperature and pressure heating multiple phase transformations (chlorides and fluorides) and ion chromatographic separation in order to promote sample-spike equilibration and ionization behavior in the mass spectrometer source comparable to U–Pb zircon analyses while the former technique does exhibit excess variance over analytical uncertainties as assessed via the reduced chi-squared statistic or mean squared weighted deviation (MSWD = 9.3) for this compilation When this excess variance is accommodated by multiplying the ensemble standard error by the square root of the MSWD then both strategies arrive at a similar metric of external reproducibility between ET100 solution experiments (and thus inter-laboratory reproducibility) of 0.011% at the 95% confidence interval If partition coefficients are not invariant then Th/U corrections are made using the measured Th/U of the zircon itself and an assumption for the Th/U of the liquid from which the zircon crystallized (Th/U[magma]) which together proxy the effective mineral/melt partition coefficient The Th/U[magma] is generally assumed to be constant during zircon crystallization We conclude from the current state of experimental and observational petrology that the constant DTh/U assumption is likely to produce more systematic bias in the 230Th-disequilbrium correction than the constant Th/U[magma] assumption in mafic systems Adding this systematic variance to other dates (such as CAMP dates) could also imply in larger errors that might incur closely unconcordant dates to overlap which can have potentially significant consequences could have all joined forces to play a role in the End-Triassic crisis but it remains necessary to establish the widespread occurrence of the first CAMP magmatic pulse that seems to account for most of the greenhouse gases released around the ETE and TJB We report a precise age of a newly discovered low-Ti CAMP dike swarm in NE Brazil and present a recalculation of all high-precision U–Pb zircon CAMP ages using a single Th/U correction scheme based on a mafic magma composition The 201.579 ± 0.057 Ma Senador Pompeu dike in NE Brazil represents one of the oldest occurrences of the CAMP in South America and its synchrony with the ETE supports the hypothesis that intrusions into the hydrocarbon-rich sedimentary Brazilian basins may have been the trigger for climatic and biotic upheaval around the Triassic-Jurassic boundary even though this magmatic pulse is still underrepresented in the current Brazilian CAMP database we show how a controlled interlaboratory analytical routine and 230Th disequilibrium corrections can impact high resolution interpretations and should be considered thoroughly when applying the CA-IDTIMS method to derive results at the < 0.03% 2 σ uncertainty level All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article (and its Supplementary Information files) Extensive 200-million-year-old continental flood Basalts of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province End-Triassic mass extinction started by intrusive CAMP activity Large-scale sill emplacement in Brazil as a trigger for the end-Triassic crisis Correlating the end-Triassic mass extinction and flood basalt volcanism at the 100 ka level Compound-specific carbon isotopes from Earth’s largest flood basalt eruptions directly linked to the end-Triassic mass extinction Zircon U-Pb geochronology links the end-triassic extinction with the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province Towards accurate numerical calibration of the late triassic: Highprecision U-Pb geochronology constraints on the duration of the Rhaetian Thermogenic carbon release from the Central Atlantic magmatic province caused major end-Triassic carbon cycle perturbations Evidence for magma–evaporite interactions during the emplacement of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP) in Brazil Zircon petrochronology in large igneous provinces reveals upper crustal contamination processes: new U-Pb ages and trace elements from the Central Atlantic magmatic province (CAMP) Marzoli, A. et al. Comment on ‘Synchrony between the Central Atlantic magmatic province and the Triassic-Jurassic mass-extinction event? By Whiteside et al.’ (2007). Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 262, 189–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2008.01.016 (2008) How Large Igneous Provinces affect global climate and represent natural markers in the geological record Synchrony between the Central Atlantic magmatic province and the Triassic—Jurassic mass-extinction event? Zircon U-Pb chemical abrasion (‘CA-TIMS’) method: Combined annealing and multi-step partial dissolution analysis for improved precision and accuracy of zircon ages Schoene, B. U-Th-Pb Geochronology. in Treatise on Geochemistry: Second Edition 341–378 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-095975-7.00310-7. The Geologic Time Scale 2012 vols 1–2 (Felix M Schmitz, M. D., Singer, B. S. & Rooney, A. D. Radioisotope Geochronology. in Geologic Time Scale 2020 193–209 (BV, 2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-824360-2.00006-1 Petrogenesis of Mesozoic giant dike swarms and geodynamical insights about Gough flavors near the Equatorial Atlantic margin (NE South America) Using a ‘speedy’ unspiked K-Ar methodology to investigate age patterns in giant mafic dike swarms Correlations among large igneous provinces related to the West Gondwana breakup: A geochemical database reappraisal of Early Cretaceous plumbing systems Petrology of Jurassic and Cretaceous basaltic formations from the Parnaíba Basin NE Brazil: Correlations and associations with large igneous provinces Geological Society Special Publication vol 472 (Cratonic Basin Formation: A Case Study of the Parnaíba Basin of Brazil. Using self-organizing maps in airborne geophysical data for mapping mafic dyke swarms in NE Brazil The Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP) in Brazil: Petrology Paleomagnetism and Geodynamic Implications EARTHTIME: Isotopic Tracers and Optimized Solutions for High-Precision U-Pb ID-TIMS Geochronology Schaltegger, U. et al. Long-term repeatability and interlaboratory reproducibility of high-precision ID-TIMS U-Pb geochronology. J. Anal. At. 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The mesozoic equatorial Atlantic Magmatic Province (EQUAMP): A new large Igneous Province in South America. In Dyke Swarms of the World: A Modern Perspective (eds Srivastava, R. et al.) 87–110 (Springer, 2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1666-1 The age of volcanic tuffs from the Upper Freshwater Molasse (North Alpine Foreland Basin) and their possible use for tephrostratigraphic correlations across Europe for the Middle Miocene The main pulse of the Siberian Traps expanded in size and composition High-precision zircon U/Pb geochronology by ID-TIMS using new 1013 ohm resistors The effect of initial 230Th disequilibrium on young U-Pb ages: the Makalu case An algorithm for U-Pb isotope dilution data reduction and uncertainty propagation Zircon/rock partition coefficients of REEs and Ta in granitic rocks: Uses for provenance and mineral exploration purposes An experimental study of trace element partitioning between zircon and melt as a function of oxygen fugacity U and Th contents and Th/U ratios of zircon in felsic and mafic mamatic rocks: Improved zircon-melt distribution coefficients The Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP) in Morocco Marzoli, A. et al. The Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP): A review. In The Late Triassic World 46th edn (ed. Tanner, L. H.) 91–125 (Topics in Geobiology, 2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68009-5_4 Geochemical data for Jurassic diabase associated with early Mesozoic basins in the eastern United States: Gettysburg basin and vicinity Hayman, N. W. et al. Accretion and oxidation of a superfast-spread axial melt lens: TIMS and SIMS zircon analyses of the IODP Hole 1256D gabbros. Lithos 348–349, 105184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2019.105184 (2019) Evidence for initial excess 231Pa in mid-ocean ridge zircons Nova Scotia: Models for a fissure eruption from stratigraphy and petrochemistry (Canada) The half-lives of uranium-234 and thorium-230 On a criterion for the rejection of observations and the distribution of the ratio of deviation to sample standard deviation A stochastic sampling approach to zircon eruption age interpretation Microanalyses link sulfur from large igneous provinces and Mesozoic mass extinctions Massive methane fluxing from magma–sediment interaction in the end-Triassic Central Atlantic Magmatic Province Deep CO2 in the end-Triassic Central Atlantic Magmatic Province Atypical igneous-sedimentary petroleum systems of the Parnaíba Basin Geostatistical interplay between geophysical and geochemical data: Mapping litho-structural assemblages of Mesozoic Igneous activities in the Parnaíba Basin (NE Brazil) Geochemical characterization of the organic matter in the Devonian Pimenteiras Formation Brazil—implications for depositional environment and the potential of hydrocarbon generation Evaluation of the hydrocarbon generation potential of the pimenteiras formation Parnaiba Basin (Brazil) based on total organic carbon content and Rock-Eval pyrolysis data Magmatism and petroleum exploration in the Brazilian Paleozoic basins Structural controls and 40Ar/39Ar geochronological data of basic dike swarms in the eastern domain of the Parnaíba Basin 40Ar/39Ar ages and Sr-Nd-Pb-Os geochemistry of CAMP tholeiites from Western Maranhão basin (NE Brazil) Sistemas Petrolíferos Atípicos Nas Bacias Paleozoicas Brasileiras-Uma Revisão atypical petroleum systems in Brazilian Paleozoic Basins-a review Initial pulse of Siberian Traps sills as the trigger of the end-Permian mass extinction A global plate model including lithospheric deformation along major rifts and orogens since the triassic Download references ALO acknowledges Brazilian agencies Coordination of Superior Level Staff Improvement (CAPES) for financial support during a one-year research scholarship (88887.371122/2019-00) at Boise State and the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for his PhD scholarship at the University of São Paulo MDS acknowledges funding for the analytical infrastructure of the Boise State Isotope Geology Laboratory through NSF Major Research Instrumentation grants EAR-0521221 and NSF EAR Instrumentation and Facilities Program grant EAR-0824974 MHBMH is thankful to the CNPq for the research fellowship no AAMF acknowledges the São Paulo Research Foundation for his PhD scholarship (2017131300) This article is part of ALO PhD dissertation and contribution No funded by the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) edited all other figures and reviewed the manuscript All authors contributed to the final draft of this manuscript The authors declare no competing interests Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations Download citation DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-32534-3 Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Sign up for the Nature Briefing: Anthropocene newsletter — what matters in anthropocene research, free to your inbox weekly. ORLANDO, Fla. (July 11, 2019) - Orlando City SC has announced the acquisition of Brazilian 24-year-old midfielder Francisco Wellington Barbosa de Lisboa, “Robinho” (pronounced: roh-BEAN-yo), from Columbus Crew SC in exchange for $50,000 in Targeted Allocation Money (TAM). Robinho has made 19 regular-season appearances, with 13 starts in 2019 MLS regular-season competition with Columbus. Robinho appeared in two Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup matches for Columbus, starting in a win over Pittsburgh, while coming off the bench in the Round of 16 contest against Atlanta United. “We are extremely excited to welcome Robinho to Orlando City. He is a player that is extremely energetic on the pitch and has the ability to create opportunities for players around him,” Orlando City SC EVP of Soccer Operations Luiz Muzzi said. “As we make our push for the playoffs this summer we feel as though Robinho is a great addition to our roster.” Before joining MLS, the Brazilian midfielder played for Ceara SC of Brazil’s First Division in the second half of the 2018 campaign. Prior to appearing in Brazil’s First Division, Robinho competed for Santa Cruz Futebol Clube of Brazil’s Third Division. While at Santa Cruz, Robinho made 37 appearances across all competitions, scoring eight goals. In addition to making 18 appearances in league play, Robinho also made 11 appearances, all starts, in the Campeonato Pernambucano, one appearance in the Copa do Brasil and eight appearances in the Copa do Nordeste. Robinho began his career with Itapipoca Esporte Clube, where he made nine appearances. From 2014-2018, Robinho made 37 appearances for Ceara Sporting Club, while also featuring for other clubs. In total, Robinho has made 119 appearances across all competitions in Brazil. TRANSACTION: Orlando City acquires midfielder Robinho (roh-BEAN-yo) from Columbus Crew SC in exchange for $50,000 of Targeted Allocation Money. Name: Robinho (roh-BEAN-yo)Position: MidfielderHeight: 5-5Weight: 148 lbs.Birth Date: January 19, 1995Birthplace: Senador Pompeu, BrazilCitizenship: Brazil The Graduate Division serves more than 13,000 students in over 100 graduate degree programs. We are here to help you from the time you are admitted until you complete your graduate program. We're thrilled you're considering Berkeley for your graduate study. We offer more than 100 programs for master's, professional, and doctoral students to pursue their dreams. 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Your gift allows us to deliver an inclusive, world-class experience to graduate students, so they can make a difference at Berkeley and beyond. a fourth-year Architecture PhD candidate at UC Berkeley looks at the spatial relations of memory and power within the migration patterns of Northeast Brazilian populations Currently relocated to shelter in place in her home country of Brazil Belik is writing her dissertation and trying to continue field work—online archival research phone interviews with local Northeast Brazilians Belik’s research is about a little known episode of Brazilian history— the concentration camps of the 1930s These camps were not like the extermination camps of Hitler’s Germany but places in which displaced people from northeastern states of Brazil fleeing from massive “It was the time of the gilded age,” says Belik “The capital cities were trying to restructure themselves into more modern spaces The elites and the government didn’t like these masses of miserable people coming in so they came up with strategies to get people away from the capital city They constructed these camps along the train tracks and away from the city center.” gave 10 percent of the national budget to the construction and maintenance of these camps—on the condition they functioned as work facilities the government was using these spaces to gather cheap labor for public works projects.” Some of these camps accommodated from 2,000 to over 70,000 people at one time People died in the camps mostly due to overpopulation issues when the drought ended in Northeast Brazil This last remaining camp is located 300 kilometers (190 miles) away from the capital city of Fortaleza Belik is involved in getting the camp considered for state-level landmarking— a process which would grant the camp heightened historical legitimacy and recognition the process of constructing these ephemeral spaces to use the cheap labor of internally displaced northeastern Brazilain populations did not stop with the concentration camps of the 1930s the United States needed more rubber for their machines and turned to Brazil’s Amazon rainforest for resources tens of thousands of people sought the promise for a better life and opportunity elsewhere the same President who had financed the 1932 concentration camps sets up a series of recruitment centers —new ephemeral spaces this time meant to bring people from Ceará to the Amazon to work in the latex extraction farms called seringais “And you had the choice between going to the front lines as regular soldiers fighting in Europe becoming ‘rubber soldiers.’A lot more people died in the Amazon.” and landless Northeastern Brazilian people to major cities are cyclical The construction of concentration camps in Ceará in 1932— is in a way repeated and ‘re-cycled’ in the building of recruitment centers for the seringal workers in the Amazon region in 1942 Belik recognizes the cycle’s recurrence in the 1950s, with candangos from the northeast migrating to build Brasilia while living in satellite cities in the outskirts of the capital; and again in the 1970s and 1980s with blue-collar laborers migrating to São Paulo or Rio de Janeiro to work in the growing industrial plants what we have left of the concentration camps and recruitment centers of the 1930s and 1940s are a few references in official documents and rare The questions Belik investigates are: What can these lost or hidden histories tell us about the socio-political constructions of Brazilian territory What can we learn from people’s few and sparing memories of these concentration camps and recruitment centers what can we understand Brazil’s present-day national narrative and spatial organization through examining what past events are (and continue to be) excluded from it What can we understand about Brazil’s present-day national narrative and spatial organization through examining what past events are excluded from it “The histories of these built environments are complex and nuanced” concludes Belik “We should be attentive to how there are always multiple perspectives and memories regarding spaces’ past and present In order to fully portray a more inclusive understanding of our cities and territories we have to look beyond their physical traces official documentation or the lack thereof.”  Categories: Student & Alumni Profiles, April 2021 The Graduate Division oversees graduate admissions Give Feedback Learn more about the Campaign for Berkeley and Graduate Fellowships. Researchers and social movements join forces to ensure the listing of a Ceará concentration camp 1932 Medical Commission Report – Patu Concentration Camp – José Bonifácio P Costa – Book From The Dnocs / Valdecy Alves Collection Retirantes arrive in Patu in 1932, attracted by the promise of government assistance1932 Medical Commission Report – Patu Concentration Camp – José Bonifácio P Costa – Book From The Dnocs / Valdecy Alves Collection According to Rios, the concentration camps were designed to house 3,000 people, but some had up to 18,000—as was the case with Patu. “Patu is the only one whose ruins are still standing, and that is why it has become the most well-known,” explains the historian. The Senador Pompeu camp had a masonry structure as they were able to take advantage of 12 large neocolonial-style houses originally built to support construction work of the Patu River dam in 1919. a pilgrimage in Senador Pompeu paid homage to those who died at the concentration campIsadora Brant / Folhapress the largest concentration camp in the region housed 70,000 people from states such as Piauí Figueiredo states that the Crato region has attracted migrants from other areas since the end of the nineteenth century “It is close to the border with other states and is known for being the oasis of the Cariri region,” he explains the pilgrimages of Padre Cícero (1844–1934) It was only through reading the works of authors such as Kênia Rios and Frederico de Castro Neves “There is no material evidence of the existence of this camp The neighborhood that used to be called Buriti changed its name to Muriti in an attempt to erase the episode from memory I have lived there all my life and only learned about its existence in college,” reports Figueiredo who defended a master’s dissertation on the subject in 2015 one of the main leaders of the social movement that gave rise to the process of listing the camp he and other children believed Patu to be haunted while adults went to the site to fulfill religious promises “Because they did not have the masonry structures that Patu had and the structures disappeared,” Alves shares part of the older population remembered the events and would make pilgrimages to the place where the dead had been buried in order to fulfill religious promises in 1982 the Italian priest Albino Donatti proposed a pilgrimage in memory of the dead called “Caminhada da seca” (Walk for the drought) It starts at the city center along a 4 km route to the place where the mass graves are supposedly located He claims the visitors believe the dead can grant wishes to devotees who defended a master’s dissertation about the camp in 2017 people claimed they saw souls in the area and started lighting candles and taking votive offerings (objects usually offered by the faithful to saints to whom they are devoted) She reports that about 6,000 people participate in the pilgrimage every year people started to carry small cisterns and seeds alluding to the need for public policies that make it possible to live with drought the event became political,” she points out shares that the city government began including the pilgrimage in its tourist attractions 10 years ago adding signs to the locations along its path he defends that cultural activities be held in the protected area in order to keep the concentration camp memories alive They are far from the city center and there is no daily activity in the area It is necessary to tell the story of what happened there out of respect for those who experienced it,” he concludes Das santas almas da barragem à caminhada da seca: Projetos de patrimonialização da memória no sertão central cearense (1982–2008) Isolamento e poder – Fortaleza e os campos de concentração na seca de 1932 © Revista Pesquisa FAPESP - All rights reserved Brasil: Even as northeastern Brazil suffers a devastating drought few remember a grim chapter of a past drought when the government forced mass internment of peasants trying to flee dying farms The first was in 1915 and the last time was between 1932 and 1933 when the authorities set up what they called concentration camps -- a fairly common term in several countries at the time and yet to be associated with the horrors of Nazi Germany The people they forced in were not an enemy or even a targeted ethnic group but rather rural inhabitants desperate for help Fearing the peasants would descend in huge numbers from their parched lands into the city of Fortaleza the government ordered thousands of families incarcerated in camps with little food unhealthy living conditions and under guard Seven such "concentration camps" were established along the rail line that the farming population was trying to use to reach Fortaleza which today is again suffering severe lack of rain The authorities promised food and medical help but the unwilling population of the camps dubbed these centers "government corrals," because they felt they were being treated just like the animals they'd left behind The government's worry was that there'd be a repeat of a flood of 100,000 peasants in 1877 into Fortaleza which by the 1930s was enjoying an era of modernization and wealth "The concentration camps functioned as a prison," wrote historian Kenia Sousa Rios in the book "Isolation and power: Fortaleza and the concentration camps in the drought of 1932." They were only given permission to leave in order to work on construction of streets or reservoirs or urban projects for Fortaleza or to be transferred to another camp," he wrote Only a few clues remain to testify to the episode a small town about 186 miles (300 km) from the state capital there are still the abandoned buildings where guards worked and where food was kept The last known survivor of the camps is Carmela Gomez Pinheiro They all died of ill treatment or hunger," she told AFP "The food was disgusting and people started getting bloated." Every year a march is staged in honor of the victims of the drought a living memorial created in 1982 by an activist Italian priest Father Albino The walk ends in what they call "the cemetery of the dam," where locals say more than 1,000 people from the camps were buried in mass graves Marking the place today is a cross -- and dozens of bottles of water