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The page may not be displayed properly if the JavaScript is deactivated on your browser Japanese version Today's print edition Home Delivery A Japanese 10-year-old has become the youngest person authorized to prepare fugu puffer fish — a delicacy that can kill if its poisonous parts are not properly removed Fifth grader Karin Tabira passed a test this summer that certifies her to slice and gut the fish for consumption.googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1499653692894-0'); }); She recently used her new skills to serve a platter of paper-thin slices of fugu sashimi to the governor of Kumamoto Prefecture "I was happy when the governor said 'oishii' (delicious)," she told reporters at an event where Gov Tabira was among 60 people — mostly professional chefs — who passed the test in Yamaguchi Prefecture this summer Clearing the hurdle was part of "a happy summer break," she said Fugu is often served raw at high-end restaurants in Japan where chefs must hold a license proving they can safely slice around organs that contain a lethal poison Deaths resulting from the consumption of fugu prepared by unlicensed individuals have been known to occur Yamaguchi Prefecture does not have an age limit to take the fugu test Tabira can only prepare fugu dishes when accompanied by a licensed adult Tabira's interest was piqued by news that a sixth grader in another region passed the test and she trained since February at Fukunari She used a hammer to drive her butcher's knife through the fugu's tough bones and "had to stand on a platform to use the kitchen counter," said Fukunari executive Yuki Hirao For a 10-year-old to clear the test first time In a time of both misinformation and too much information quality journalism is more crucial than ever.By subscribing Your subscription plan doesn't allow commenting. To learn more see our FAQ Sponsored contents planned and edited by JT Media Enterprise Division a 10-year-old girl has made headlines by becoming the youngest person authorised to prepare the dangerous but highly prized 'fugu' pufferfish passed the challenging fugu preparation test this summer Karin showcased her skills by preparing a plate of fugu sashimi for the governor of Kumamoto the governor responded with 'Oishi,' which means delicious in Japanese "I was happy when the governor said 'oishi.' She was one of 60 people who passed the test this summer She said that successfully passing the test made for a "happy summer break." must be carefully prepared by certified chefs to avoid its poisonous parts which can be fatal if not properly removed people who attempt to prepare or eat fugu without proper training can suffer fatal consequences Karin's interest in fugu was sparked after hearing that a sixth grader in another region had passed the test she began training in February at Fukunari a local fish farm and wholesaler in Kumamoto noted how impressive Karin’s achievement was "Even our adult staff can fail the test For a 10-year-old to pass on her first attempt is truly amazing." Karin had to use a hammer to help cut through the fugu's tough bones and even had to stand on a platform to reach the kitchen counter she managed to become one of the youngest fugu chefs in Japan Introduction: Attention bias towards pain-related information exists in patients with chronic pain, and recently, attention bias modification (ABM) training has been administered to patients with chronic pain. In this study, we conducted an attention bias modification task in conjunction with event-related potential measurements for individuals with chronic low back pain (LBP) and investigated the relationship between attention bias and psychological assessment. Methods: Eleven women and two men with chronic LBP participated in the study. Results: The Japanese version of the STarT Back Screening Tool (J-SBST) total score was significantly correlated with the N1 amplitude of Cz. The J-SBST psychological score was significantly correlated with the N1 amplitude of Cz and with reaction time (RT). The Japanese version of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and Japanese version of the Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDI-II) scores were significantly correlated with the P2 amplitude at Fz (only PCS), Cz, and Pz. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that J-SBST, which provides a comprehensive evaluation of psychological factors, PCN with measuring of catastrophizing in the context of actual or anticipated pain, and BDI-II, can likely help identify chronic LBP patients with attention bias. For chronic LBP patients who are classified according to J-SBST or PCN pain-related outcome improvement with ABM training can be expected. Volume 14 - 2020 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.561726 This article is part of the Research TopicTranslational Research of Occupational Therapy and NeurorehabilitationView all 20 articles Introduction: Attention bias towards pain-related information exists in patients with chronic pain attention bias modification (ABM) training has been administered to patients with chronic pain we conducted an attention bias modification task in conjunction with event-related potential measurements for individuals with chronic low back pain (LBP) and investigated the relationship between attention bias and psychological assessment Methods: Eleven women and two men with chronic LBP participated in the study Results: The Japanese version of the STarT Back Screening Tool (J-SBST) total score was significantly correlated with the N1 amplitude of Cz The J-SBST psychological score was significantly correlated with the N1 amplitude of Cz and with reaction time (RT) The Japanese version of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and Japanese version of the Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDI-II) scores were significantly correlated with the P2 amplitude at Fz (only PCS) Conclusions: Our findings suggest that J-SBST which provides a comprehensive evaluation of psychological factors PCN with measuring of catastrophizing in the context of actual or anticipated pain can likely help identify chronic LBP patients with attention bias For chronic LBP patients who are classified according to J-SBST or PCN pain-related outcome improvement with ABM training can be expected the effectiveness of ABM training is not well established and further studies are required and early components are receiving more attention only a few studies on attention bias in patients with chronic pain have used ERP measurements In this study, we have conducted the ABM task in conjunction with ERP measurements for individuals with chronic low back pain (LBP), which has a high prevalence in Japan (Nakamura et al., 2011) This study aimed to clarify the relationship between attention bias and psychological assessments of individuals with chronic LBP we examined the attentional component of the ERPs as well as the RT in the ABM to determine whether patients with chronic LBP who have higher socio-psychological factors such as fear-avoidance catastrophizing and depression show more attentional bias to threat stimuli this study can provide psychophysiological insight into how the psychological domains and its severity in individuals with chronic LBP relate to attention bias using ERP as well as RT We contribute to the development of ABM training A total of 11 women and two men with chronic LBP were recruited from the local community (mean age: 70.3 ± 8.3 years) Participants met the following inclusion criteria: (1) a minimum of a 6-month history of pain; (2) absence of neurological or psychiatric disorders; (3) absence of other chronic disorders All participants had a normal or corrected-to-normal vision The study was approved by the research ethics committee of Nishikyushu University and was conducted following the Declaration of Helsinki a 19-inch monitor (Pro-Lite E1980SD; Iiyama and an image controller (MTS0410; Medical Try System The distance between the participant and the center of the monitor display was about 65 cm We used facial images of eight different people from The Japanese Female Facial Expression database as visual stimuli Neutral and threat (angry or fear) facial expression images were used for the task The procedure of attention bias modification (ABM) task The image presentation sequence and duration were as follows: (1) fixation cross was presented for 500 ms; (2) target image pair was presented for 500 ms; (3) symbol was presented at the bottom of the screen until the participant pressed the button Participants were required to indicate the position of the neutral face as rapidly and accurately as possible by pressing one of two buttons on a button box We used the Neuropack X1 MEB-2300 series electromyogram measuring system (Nihon Kohden Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) for EEG measurements and the EPLYZER2 (Kissei Comtec, Matsumoto, Japan) for waveform analysis. The EEGs were recorded with Ag/AgCl disk electrodes placed at the Fz, Cz, and Pz positions (Mühlberger et al., 2009; Tayama et al., 2018) according to the International 10-20 system Each scalp electrode was referenced to linked earlobes The ground electrode was placed at the Fpz position To eliminate eye movements or blinks exceeding 100 μV subject muscle movements were monitored and recorded on video Electrode impedance was maintained below 5 kΩ The EEG was digitized at a sampling rate of 1,000 Hz EEG data in the range of 200 ms pre-stimulus to 600 ms post-stimulus were epoched The N1 and N2 peaks were measured as the voltage at the most negative peak in the latency window of 100–150 ms and 150–300 ms after stimulus onset at all electrode positions and P3 peaks were at the most positive peak in the latency window of 50–100 ms and 250–500 ms at all electrode positions The final ERP waveforms were obtained by removing electrooculograms and muscle movements from the only waveforms of correct in the ABM task The PCS is a 13-item, self-administered questionnaire to measure pain catastrophizing and has shown high levels of reliability and validity (Sullivan et al., 1995). Each question is scored on a scale of 0–4. The total scores range from 0 to 52. Adequate reliability and validity have been also reported for the Japanese version (Matsuoka and Sakano, 2007) The BDI-II, a widely-used, self-reporting instrument for measuring the severity of depression, consists of a 21-item questionnaire. Each question is scored on a scale of 0–3. The total scores range from 0 to 63. The Japanese version of the BDI-II has also been reported to exhibit adequate validity and reliability (Kojima et al., 2002) Statistical calculations were carried out using IBM SPSS Statistics version 24.0 (IBM Corp. The analysis of correlation was performed after checking data with a normal distribution using the Shapiro-Wilk test Pearson’s correlation was calculated Spearman’s correlation was analyzed We performed Pearson’s correlation analysis to determine whether the N1 amplitude and RT are related to the psychological index The analysis was performed on all data obtained from 13 participants P < 0.05 was statistically significant The mean RT in the ABM task was 446.4 ± 137.5 ms The number of correct in ABM tasks was more 99/128 in each participant and the correct rate was 86.2 ± 7.4% A total of 9.3 ± 5.5 contaminations of electrooculograms and muscle movements were removed from the ERP waveform of 110.3 ± 9.5 (86.2 ± 7.4%) correct answers in the ABM task 101.0 ± 11.8 ERP waveforms were obtained The grand-average of webform in ERP at Fz, Cz, and Pz were showed in Figure 2, and latencies and amplitudes of each component in ERPs were showed in Table 1 but P1 was detected in only six to eight participants (Fz;6 N2 was detected in only six to eight participants (Fz;8 P3 was detected in only one to two participants (Fz;1 Grand-average of event-related potentials (ERPs) waveform in attention bias modification (ABM) task This grand-average of ERP waveform is from 200 ms before to 600 ms after stimulation in the ABM task Psychological index and pain-related score in each participant Table 2 shows the psychological index score of each participant Latencies and amplitudes of each component in event-related potentials (ERPs) Correlation coefficient between each psychological index and the N1 attention bias measurement using the ABM task was performed for individuals with chronic LBP and its relevance to the psychological index was investigated Our results showed that higher J-SBST total and psychological scores were associated with larger N1 amplitudes of Cz and higher PCS was associated with larger P2 amplitudes of Fz Higher BDI-II scores were associated with larger P2 amplitudes of Cz and Pz it was observed that longer RTs corresponded to the higher Psychological score of J-SBST and people with attention bias toward negative information respond rapidly to a threat stimulus and the RT to a neutral stimulus is longer it can be interpreted that participants with longer RT in the current study exhibited an attention bias towards the threat stimuli participants with a higher total score of J-SBST showed increased N1 amplitudes of Cz and longer RTs participants with a higher psychological score of J-SBST showed increased N1 amplitudes of Cz participants with a higher score of PCS and BDI-II showed increased P2 amplitudes of Cz and Pz Our findings suggested that individuals with chronic LBP with high STarT Back or PCS or BDI-II had attention bias towards the threat stimulus It was suggested that individuals with more negative psychological states resulting from chronicity of LBP were more likely to pay attention to the threat stimuli present results suggested that chronic LBP patients with attention bias towards the threat stimulus had a various influence on psychosocial aspects They reported that the CBGT with the ABM group had greatly reduced symptoms after treatment than did the CBGT with the placebo group and the effects were maintained at a 3-month follow-up Since the results of the current study are suggestive of an association of J-SBST CBT combined with ABM may be effective for individuals with chronic LBP classified as high risk with J-SBST or PCN we could not recruit an adequate number of individuals with chronic LBP; therefore we need to expand the sample size in future studies we could not compare attention bias in the patients with that in healthy controls the medication and treatment status of the participants were not effectively considered in this study which could affect the generalization of our findings this study contributes to the possibility of the development of advanced treatment for individuals with chronic LBP and is an important finding for the management of chronic pain The findings suggest that the evaluations of pain-related psychological factors such as J-SBST or PCN or BDI-II scores are related to attention bias of individuals with chronic LBP identified by ERP and RT the psychological scores of J-SBST and PCN related to attention bias for individuals with chronic LBP chronic LBP patients with attention bias must assess psychosocial factors from various aspects ABM may be effective in the treatment of chronic LBP older patients with attention bias and early and middle components of ERP can also be used as one of the outcomes Future intervention studies on treatment combined with ABM for them are necessary The raw data supporting the conclusions of this article will be made available by the authors The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by Research ethics committee of Nishikyushu University The patients/participants provided their written informed consent to 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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited in accordance with accepted academic practice distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms *Correspondence: Takayuki Tabira, dGFiaXRha2FAaGVhbHRoLm5vcC5rYWdvc2hpbWEtdS5hYy5qcA== Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher. 94% of researchers rate our articles as excellent or goodLearn more about the work of our research integrity team to safeguard the quality of each article we publish. Just two short months ago, the reopening of Ashur was celebrated by local Iraqis singing and dancing in traditional regalia. Many had fled their homes after the onslaught of Islamic State (Isis). The festivities recalled the spring processions that took place in the city thousands of years ago, with modern-day Assyrians, as well as other citizens of Iraq’s multicultural society, passing through the Tabira Gate. But just as Ashur experiences a rebirth, it now faces another existential threat. An emergency project saved the Tabira Gate from complete collapse during the wet winter of 2020 by stabilising the structure's outer arch AUIS Center for Archaeology and Cultural Heritage “We are focused on the urgent task of restoring the larger middle arch of the triple-arch gateway before the entire archway collapses,” Hartnell says. Hartnell’s emergency restoration work meant the gate and the wider city joyously reopened to visitors on 1 April, the Assyrian new year celebration day. But, today, its future remains in the balance. Around 25 miles away lies the planned site of the Makhoul Dam, first proposed by Saddam Hussein’s Ba'athist regime in 2002. In 2003, Ashur was designated a Unesco World Heritage site—just as the US-led coalition invaded. As war raged over the coming decades, the construction of the dam was forgotten. But persistent droughts brought on by climate change have blighted Iraq in recent years. With the ebbing Tigris and Euphrates rivers a threat to the country’s water supply, the dam is back on the political agenda. In April 2021, construction work on the dam began again. Already, excavators can be seen laying the foundations for the main reservoir. Local families refer to ‘the curse of Makhoul Dam’, says Sarah Zaaimi, a researcher with the Iraqi NGO Liwan. “Everyone is anxiously waiting for the formation of the new cabinet in Iraq,” Zaaimi says. “We are waiting to see whether the new minister will still want to go ahead with the project.” Hartnell is currently working on the installation of a new digital monitoring system that is able to determine stability levels in vulnerable structures, while the team also plan to systematically document Isis’s crimes against Iraqi heritage before the evidence disappears. This month, AUIS will begin a joint survey with Iraq’s Ministry of Environment and the United Nations Development Programme to document the cultural heritage of the Central Tigris River Valley and other areas affected by the Makhoul dam. “We will discuss critical issues at the intersection of heritage and sustainable development,” Hartnell says. Top of the agenda is the creation of a temporary structure, due to begin construction this month. “But we don’t believe a temporary solution will help,” Hartnell says. “In fact, it might make things worse.” along with over a hundred other heritage sites news3 June 2022Climate change reveals ancient city in IraqWorsening drought conditions have extended the period when the 3,400-year-old city of Zakhiku is above water, aiding archaeologists’ efforts to study and preserve the site Introduction: In this study, we examined whether the self-selection of occupations of interest affects reaction times (RTs) and cognitive processing by using the Aid for Decision-making in Occupation Choice (ADOC) and event-related potentials (ERP). We also assessed the relationship of these with psychological indicators. Results: P300 amplitude at Fz significantly increased in the self-selection of an interesting occupation. P300 amplitude at Pz was significantly positively correlated with the occupational satisfaction score. Volume 14 - 2020 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.00299 we examined whether the self-selection of occupations of interest affects reaction times (RTs) and cognitive processing by using the Aid for Decision-making in Occupation Choice (ADOC) and event-related potentials (ERP) We also assessed the relationship of these with psychological indicators Method: We extracted 78 occupations from the ADOC in consideration of the subjects’ age and three conditions were set: (1) self-selection of an interesting occupation; (2) self-selection of a disliked occupation; and (3) forced selection The RT task was executed under their conditions during which ERP was measured We compared the P300 component of ERP in these conditions we examined the association of cognitive processing and degree of satisfaction and performance concerning occupation Results: P300 amplitude at Fz significantly increased in the self-selection of an interesting occupation P300 amplitude at Pz was significantly positively correlated with the occupational satisfaction score Conclusion: Self-selection of interesting occupations in the ADOC resulted in increased attention resource allocation by increasing motivation there was a positive correlation between satisfaction concerning the occupation and attention of resource allocation occupational therapists should know which occupations the patients consider interesting and help them to select by themselves thus enhancing their satisfaction after consultation These interventions may contribute to promoting motivation and cognitive processing it is important for the therapist to share the goals with the patient and to help the patient select the occupations with intention motivational involvement in the occupations is essential for the self-selection of them the findings from these studies are difficult to apply in clinical occupational therapy because of fundamental studies on self-determination and simply comparing differences in preference We hypothesized that the examination of the P300 component would be responded to during the selection of meaningful and interesting occupations using the ADOC The result of cognitive processing responses may contribute to emphasizing the importance of goal setting in occupation-based practice healthy subjects were asked to select meaningful or disliked occupations using ADOC and ERP and reaction time (RT) were measured when the occupation images were presented The aims of this study were: (1) to clarify whether self-selection of both meaningful and interesting occupations increased the cognitive processing of the tasks; and (2) to investigate the association of cognitive processing and performance with occupation and psychological indicators We put up a poster with details of this study on the bulletin board in the Kagoshima University recruited the participants of the experiment Twenty-three healthy subjects from Kagoshima University (mean age = 24.1 All subjects had a normal or corrected-to-normal vision None of them had a history of neurological or psychiatric disorders or took psychiatric medicine They gave verbal and written informed consent to participate in the study but they were not told the aim of the experiments to avoid the effect of information and intended bias on all data This study was approved by the Ethics Committee on Epidemiological Studies Each condition was finished after the target stimuli were presented 35 times Electroencephalogram and evoked potentials, Neuro Pack X1 (NIHON KOHDEN, Tokyo) were monitored using an electromyography tester. EEG was recorded from three scalp sites (Fz, Cz, Pz) according to the 10-20 systems and the sampling rate was 1,000 Hz (Maruta et al., 2019) Ag/AgCl electrodes were referenced to the earlobes and electrode impedance was kept below 5 kΩ Eye movements were monitored using electrooculograms (EOGs) recorded from electrodes lateral to and below the left eye a bandpass filter was applied between 0.5–50 Hz or other sources of transient noise from the analysis The peak latency of the P300 components was measured at 250–500 ms P300 amplitude was defined as the difference in μV from the baseline before the presentation of visual stimuli to the most positive trough between 250–500 ms When measuring the peak amplitude and latency of the P300 component some participants showed double peaks of P300 We also recorded horizontal and vertical electrooculograms to remove artifacts The P300 component was detected after the ERP waveforms corresponding to the target stimuli were averaged Subjects were instructed to push the handgrip button to target the stimuli with their dominant thumb as accurately and quickly as possible while seated approximately 100 cm from a 19-inch LCD monitor and viewing the ADOC images Experimental procedure of the self-selection and the forced-selection conditions The order of the conditions was randomized and a 3-min break was provided between each condition Experimental procedure of the self-selection and forced-selection conditions Subjects selected the target stimuli in the self-selection condition Only in the self-selection interesting condition subjects were asked to indicate their degree of satisfaction and performance for the occupation We selected the target stimulus based on the interview in the forced-select condition We conducted visual reaction tasks after the target stimuli were confirmed We conducted a Shapiro–Wilk test to test the normality of the P300 component among the three conditions We used repeated-measures-ANOVA to compare P300 amplitude followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc comparisons at P < 0.05 of significance we used Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient to investigate the association between P300 components as the dependent variable and satisfaction/performance scores for occupation Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS version 25.0 We investigated 22 subjects (mean age = 24.3, SD = 5.2, 11 males) because one subject had less than 20 waveforms without artifacts in each condition (Cohen and Polish, 1997). Figure 3 shows the P300 average waveform obtained under each condition All the errors (two subjects each made an error twice) during task performance were generated only when non-target visual stimuli were presented Event-related potentials (ERP) averaging waveforms were obtained between the self-selection and forced-selection conditions (N = 22) The average waveforms of ERP obtained in all conditions were shown for three scalp sites Comparison of P300 amplitude between the self-selection and forced-selection conditions The results of the P300 amplitude were analyzed using repeated-measures-ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc tests P300 amplitude at Fz significantly increased more in SSMC not significant; ⋇P < 0.05 Comparison of P300 latency between self-select and forced-select condition The results of P300 latency were analyzed using repeated-measures-ANOVA Comparison of RT between self-select and forced-select condition The results of RT were shown in repeated-measures-ANOVA P300 amplitude at Pz was significantly and positively correlated with occupational satisfaction score (Figure 7). The high score of the performance degree did not significantly increase. No significant correlation between the P300 component and extroversion-introversion (Table 1) Scatter plot of the correlation between P300 amplitude at Pz and satisfaction score in SSMC and E score in the self-selection interesting condition We found that the P300 amplitude at Fz in SSMC was more significantly increased than in SSDC and FSC selecting an interesting and meaningful occupation in the ADOC suggests that attention resource allocation to the presented stimuli more increases than others’ choices (SSDC and FSC) These previous studies could suggest that the anterior cingulate cortex is part of the P300 origin and is activated during self-determination In this study, P300 amplitude might have increased significantly in SSMC because of the self-selection of interesting occupations enhances motivation and facilitates the allocation of attention resources to target stimuli. Moreover, the P300 amplitude at Fz increased, which was consistent with the results of Maruta et al. (2019) It is possible that the anterior cingulate cortex this hypothesis cannot be readily accepted because we did not analyze brain function images We found that P300 latency and RT were not different between the conditions. According to previous studies, they are related to the perception processing time of stimuli (Kutas et al., 1977; Duncan-Johnson, 1981), and depend on age and task difficulty (McCarthy and Donchin, 1981; Takakura et al., 2016) The results of the present study suggest that self-selection of interesting occupations had no significant effect on perceptual processing time because there is no significant difference in subject’s age between groups and the same stimuli were presented in all conditions the degree of satisfaction for the selected interesting occupation and the P300 amplitude at Pz showed a moderate positive correlation in the SSMC the self-selection of interesting and meaningful occupations increased motivation by fulfilling basic psychological needs and their satisfaction could have promoted more cognitive processing than the other conditions (SSDC and FSC) setting a goal that can enhance the satisfaction of a meaningful occupation may contribute to promoting cognitive processing responses The analysis of examining the association between the E score by the Maudsley personality test and the P300 component showed no association between the degree of satisfaction and performance for occupation and E score in the SSMC Cahill and Polish (1992) reported that extroverts tended to show a higher P300 amplitude than introverts did in an oddball task we used the participants’ meaningful occupations as target stimuli instead of ranges and so the stimuli properties and instructions were fundamentally different due to the differences in the methods used our results from the experiments using visual stimuli suggest that P300 and psychological characteristics were not related Regarding the limitations and issues of this research The subjects of this study were young people therefore it is necessary to investigate this phenomenon in a wide range of ages and clinical situations the ERP results in this study revealed only a tendency and analysis of brain function images was not performed This study was preliminarily conducted with only three basic brain sites as the first step to a bridge-setting goal and basic research in occupational therapy Further research needs to explore the association between self-selection of interesting occupations and brain function The selection of an interesting and meaningful occupation in the ADOC promotes cognitive processing by increasing motivation and attention resource allocation since we found a moderate correlation between the degree of satisfaction with occupation and attention resource allocation we suggest that the degree of satisfaction reported for the occupations affects cognitive processing Occupational therapists should know which occupations the patient considers interesting may be enhancing their satisfaction after consultation Our main conclusion is that selecting an interesting and meaningful occupation promotes cognitive processing All datasets presented in this study are included in the article The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by Ethics Committee on Epidemiological Studies KTok conceived the concept of the manuscript KTok wrote the first draft of the manuscript KTom and TT wrote the sections of the draft This study was supported by KAKENHI Grant Number JP15K1698 KTok was employed by the company Department of Rehabilitation The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest We would like to thank all the participants in the study at Kagoshima University and Editage (www.editage.com) for English language editing and academic achievement among Indian adolescents in Canada and India CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar and introverted/extroverted personality types P300 latency: a new metric of information processing A prospective longitudinal study testing relationships between meaningful occupations basic psychological needs fulfillment and meaning in life Relationships between occupational factors and health and well-being in individuals with persistent mental illness living in the community Cognitive neurophysiology: event-related potentials Development and validation of the japanese version of the MPI (maudsley personality inventory) Motivation modulates the P300 amplitude during brain-computer interface use Augmenting mental chronometry: the P300 as a measure of stimulus evaluation time “Processes in rehabilitation,” in Interprofessional Rehabilitation: A Person—Centred Approach Google Scholar Associations between depressive symptoms and satisfaction with meaningful occupations in community-dwelling japanese older adults Effects of self-selected task content on the P300 component and reaction times Google Scholar A metric for thought: a comparison of P300 latency and reaction time Focus on the time-course of the underlying cortical generators How self-determined choice facilitates performance a key role of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex Cost and outcome of occupation-based practice for community dwelling frail elderly: a pilot study What are the short-term and long-term effects of occupation-focused and occupation-based occupational therapy in the home on older adults’ occupational performance Affective picture processing: an integrative review of ERP findings The effects of choice on intrinsic motivation and related outcomes: a meta-analysis of research findings Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation Differential effects of two motor tasks on ERPs in an auditory classification task Level of interest in video clips modulates event-related potentials to auditory probes “A study on relationship between age and oddball-task difficulty on peak latency of P300,” in International Joint Conference on Neural Networks Google Scholar A study on event-related potential by preference using pictures of animal Google Scholar Examination of a cut-off score to express the meaningful occupation of people with dementia using ipad application (ADOC) Utilization of the iPad application: aid for decision-making in occupation choice A potential role of the inferior frontal gyrus and anterior insula in cognitive control brain rhythms and event-related potentials Tomori K and Tabira T (2020) Self-Selection of Interesting Occupation Facilitates Cognitive Response to the Task: An Event-Related Potential Study Received: 13 May 2020; Accepted: 03 July 2020; Published: 04 August 2020 Copyright © 2020 Tokuda, Maruta, Shimokihara, Han, Tomori and Tabira. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) *Correspondence: Keiichiro Tokuda, Z29teXdheS5rLnRAaWNsb3VkLmNvbQ== {"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://cdn.i-scmp.com/sites/default/files/styles/1020x680/public/d8/images/canvas/2024/10/02/7676b0a0-85cb-49af-a8c3-dcb857c2b0d3_12b10b3f.jpg?itok=9eAQTf-Z&v=1727866624"}Fugu sashimi is a rare delicacy Photo: Chris DwyerListen NowEnjoy the audio version of this article!PlayA Japanese 10-year-old has become the youngest person authorised to prepare fugu pufferfish This delicacy can kill someone if its poisonous parts are not properly removed (see graphic) Primary school pupil Karin Tabira passed a special test this summer This means that she is now certified to slice and gut the fish for eating She recently served a platter of paper-thin slices of raw fugu to the governor of the southern Kumamoto region “I was happy when the governor said oishi,” she told reporters at an event Karin was one of 60 people who passed the test in the Yamaguchi region this summer Chefs in this country must hold a licence proving that they can safely slice around the fish’s organs that have a lethal poison Yamaguchi does not have an age limit to take the fugu test Karin can only prepare fugu dishes when she is accompanied by a licensed adult Why must chefs be licensed to prepare fugu This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks The action you just performed triggered the security solution There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page Japanese version Copyright THE MAINICHI NEWSPAPERS. All rights reserved. 2017Courtesy of brandSave this storySaveSave this storySaveUpdated April 6 "Fashion Nova would like to emphasize the fact that we are never looking to discriminate We launched Fashion Nova Curve for the curvy and confident only three months ago and our Instagram account has already got almost 300,000 followers At Fashion Nova we believe that all women should dress confident and sexy regardless of their weight." the brand sells the same clothes for straight and plus sizes they only have one model wearing all the clothes — even if it's a plus item "We believe that our clothing empowers women of all sizes," he continued The controversy began last week after plus-size model Tabira Majors called out the California-based brand in an Instagram post why do you use size 2 models to represent your plus size line Majors's post quickly got the attention of her more than 213,000 followers hundreds of Instagram users commented on the post and called for a boycott of the trendy brand One user wrote: "Wondered the same thing Exactly why I didn’t and won’t order anything [from Fashion Nova]." while those depicting larger models still aren’t representative of what real plus-size bodies look like The photos for the brand’s high-waisted skinny jeans This content can also be viewed on the site it originates from This content can also be viewed on the site it originates from We've reached out to Fashion Nova for a comment and will update this story when we hear back. How One Plus-Size Model Learned to Love Her Body has become the youngest person in the country to pass a licensing exam to prepare fugu also known as the deadly poisonous pufferfish a student at Kawashiri Elementary School in Minami Ward took the 2024 fugu processing license exam held in Yamaguchi Prefecture in June and July this year a wholesale company in Kumamoto City that breeds and sells the poisonous pufferfish Karin Tabira spent about six months training for the exam 10-year-old Karin passed both the academic test on food hygiene and the practical test on filleting and identifying pufferfish parts the youngest person to receive a certificate is 11 years old Karin visited the Kumamoto Prefectural Government Office on August 22 and served Governor Takashi Kimura a raw pufferfish “sashimi” that she had prepared Governor Kimura described the dish as thin expressing his impression that a 10-year-old student was willing to take on the challenge The fugu processing license exam is held in every prefecture in Japan only those 18 or older can apply for a license to actually process fugu so Karin took the exam in Yamaguchi Prefecture “I want to get a license when I turn 18 so I can process fugu in Kumamoto Prefecture,” she said Your comment has been submitted and will be displayed after being approved by the editorial team.The editorial board reserves the right to edit comments to comply with the Newspaper's content regulations Governing body: Hai Duong Provincial Party Committee granted by the Ministry of Information and Communications on May 10 Editorial information Picture suppliedKubota Australia has officially opened the doors to its state-of-the-art parts warehouse in Victoria marking a significant milestone in the company's operational growth and commitment to dealer support nationwide All articles from our websiteThe digital version of This Week's PaperBreaking news alerts direct to your inboxAll articles from the other agricultural news sites in your areaContinueAfter working with a third-party logistics provider for eight years bringing control back in-house to streamline efficiency The new 17,000 square metre facility houses 130,000 unique part storage locations and boasts an impressive 14.6 metre ridge height for smarter is the result of more than two years of research and development It is designed to optimise the way Kubota services dealers and customers around the country Strategically located near Melbourne Airport and Kubota's head offices in Truganina the warehouse is primed for fast and reliable parts distribution This will ensure dealers have the tools they need to support Australia's agricultural and construction industries Cutting the ribbon at Kubota Australia's new facility are Kubota Australia national parts manager Patrick Loiacono Kubota Australia assistant managing director Takanori Matsusaka Kubota Australia managing director Yuji Tabira Kubota Corporation general manager parts supply chain Hisatoshi Suzuki and Kubota Australia general manager parts and service Chris Nielsen Picture suppliedKubota Australia's general manager for service parts and quality assurance Chris Nielsen highlighted the transformational impact of the new facility we've consolidated operations from three separate and we're already starting to see the benefits," he said "This is about giving our dealers and customers direct access to people who know these products intimately." The Ravenhall facility is already delivering impressive results reporting a first-time picking accuracy rate of 99.5 per-cent Kubota Australia national parts manager Patrick Loiacono said this precision reflected Kubota's dedication to excellence "Not only does our team know how these parts work "Whether it's for a farmer in a critical harvest window or a business needing equipment to stay operational we take pride in offering same-day dispatch and emergency part pickups." Kubota's decision to bring its parts operations in-house reflects a broader strategy to elevate the customer experience and strengthen dealer relationships by ensuring faster "We're excited to take back ownership of this side of the business," Mr Loiacono said "This allows us another avenue to build on Kubota's reputation for best-in-class customer service." Kubota Australia's Ravenhall warehouse is now the central location for all national parts distribution Customers can make an order for specific parts through their local Kubota dealer Today's top stories curated by our news team Our twice weekly wrap of the latest in rural property sales Our twice weekly wrap of the big news in the red meat sector Industry news from Australia's dairy sector The week's top stories curated by our news team Tuck into a classic British meal in the form of the house-made fish and chips Datuk Tabira Tahir’s vehicle import business suffered tremendously as a consequence of the various government-mandated lockdowns “My business was badly affected by the lockdowns and that sparked the idea for me to start something in an industry which would sustain This opened the door for F&B opportunities so I started lobbying several international brands and ended up with the best option which is EL&N London,” says Tabira Tabira is the founder of The Craftsmen Bearer the license developer holder of EL&N London for Malaysia Live and Nourish” and was launched in London in 2017 by fashion enthusiast Alexandra Miller to great acclaim Datin Fiza) decided that EL&N was the perfect outlet to start his foray into the F&B industry The original café in Park Lane became known for its Instagram-able décor and floral flourishes; that first outpost has since expanded to include outlets in France Tabira’s interest in bringing EL&N to the Klang Valley was sparked by his many business trips to London he was instantly smitten by its charms and knew he had found something very special “I felt like the café concept and the fact that it is halal could fit perfectly in Kuala Lumpur where going to cafes is a trend wonderful cakes and uniqueness made it a very good fit locally,” he says Tabira says his path was paved with obstacle after obstacle it took him a year to convince Pavilion KL to allow him to open the restaurant in the mall there were the challenges of being a first-time F&B operator in the industry as well as the fact that EL&N London had the final say on everything from the tiling to the paintings on the wall which meant that there were a lot of back-and-forth discussions just weeks before the outlet was due to open Tabira himself was involved in a serious accident The eatery is awash in pretty pink blossoms I got into an accident while cycling a month before opening EL&N KL I collapsed and was unconscious in hospital for two weeks so there was no one to supervise the operations the opening was quite a hassle but there was no other way around it because we had promised our principal and the mall that we would launch it on the date planned previously,” he says the newly-opened EL&N at the hugely popular Pavilion KL is a wondrous sight to behold The eatery is a pink bombshell timed perfectly to match the fuchsia madness spun by the release of the recent Barbie flick huge pink floral installations set the tone for a pretty-in-pink meal surrounded by lots of feminine blossoms expect to be wowed by more Instagram-worthy fare look at indulging in the Nutella French Toast (RM35) which features toasted brioche bread with fresh berries and warm Nutella sauce you need to prepare yourself for this rich lavish offering which features two thick planks of brioche buttressed by warm pools and rivulets of Nutella gushing like a hot volcanic chocolatey mess all over the bread unadulterated hedonism – the kind where you’ll find yourself head down and ear-deep in a meal so good Children and adults alike will find this a sure-fire the Nutella French toast delivers this in spades try something substantial and savoury in the form of a traditional British staple like the Fish & Chips (RM42) you will discover a tempura fried fish fillet served with fries and three different dippings: katsu sauce The fish has been beautifully battered and fried retaining a lovely crackly and crunchy outer carapace which segues into moist The fries are also stand-outs – each shard has the perfect starch quotient and is seasoned well The sauces on the side are not particularly outstanding so you would probably do well to stick with the tried-and-tested tartare sauce The EL&N London Burger (RM48) is also well worth trying and is a take on the classic American smash burger The burger is made up of a beef patty served in a brioche bun Everything ties together beautifully and is underscored by the patty which is tender and meaty and has a lovely bovine bite All the other elements mix well in this amalgamation and serve to accentuate the meat you’ll enjoy the attributes of the Seafood Marinara Linguine (RM52) which is composed of linguine topped with a rich assortment of seafood from mussels to king prawns and clams thick and rich and coats every molecule of the pasta definitely look at tucking into the range of sweet treats and cakes that EL&N has on offer starting with the Classic Dulce De Leche (RM22) soft bottom that soaks up all the flavours of the dulce de leche (caramelised milk) It’s an insanely addictive dessert that you simply won’t want to share with another soul The Carrot Cake (RM24) meanwhile is a hugely successful rendition of a classic soul favourite the cream cheese is omnipresent and sandwiches each layer of cake beautifully The cake itself is moist and smooth with spice-riddled nuances underscoring it The dulce de leche cake is divine from start to finish Wash down all this goodness with a selection of drinks like the Ombre Passion Fruit Cooler (RM16) This is a fruity concoction that takes you on a tropical journey that offers plenty of frivolity and an unshakeable sense of fun Tabira says his immediate goal is to expand EL&N’s presence in Malaysia in the immediate future with a view to expanding to other parts of South-East Asia soon after “Our current mission is to open up five EL&N London outlets in the Klang Valley as well as other parts of Malaysia within the next three years,” he says We would love to keep you posted on the latest promotion If you’ve never been to Nagasaki, then you’re missing a huge part of the history. Nagasaki located on the coast of Kyushu was widely influenced by China but there are an array of things to see and do in this amazing destination we’ve round up the 6 best day trips from Nagasaki This Dutch-themed destination is located at the northern tip of Omura Bay It was built in 1992 to commemorate the long history between Japan and the Netherlands It’s divided into two areas: the Theme Park Zone and the Harbor Zone and you need to purchase a regular admission ticket to get access to both zones What makes this place so special is that it’s surrounded by Dutch-style homes and tulips – if you’re lucky enough to visit on the blooming season (March to June) First is getting into a high-speed boat from Nagasaki Airport Another option would be taking the JR Seaside Liner towards Sasebo for 1 hour and 30 minutes If you’re coming from Hakata Station in Fukuoka take the JR Limited Express Huis Ten Bosch for 1 hour and 50 minutes Situated on the north-eastern tip of Nagasaki lies Shimabara Peninsula it was hailed as Japan’s first national park It also became Japan’s first global geopark in addition to its many historical sites This destination is also known for its four seasons and its three types of onsen hot spring This is where you can see Japan’s longest footbath and the Obama Hot Spring where you’ll be facing the Unzen mountains and the breathtaking sunset Other activities to do include visiting the former castle town in Shimabara Onsen dolphin watching between Shimabara Peninsula and Amakusa located in the middle of Shimabara’s “City of Swimming Carp.” You can also take a detour at the west side of Shimabara Castle and check out the marvelous Old Samurai Warriors’ Houses take the JR train going to Isahaya Station At Isahaya Station change to the Shimabara Railway (Shimatetsu) to Shimabara Station where travel time will take about approximately 1 hour you can take the bus going to Shimabara Station where it’ll take about 2 hours to get to the station another option would be taking the bus central Kumamoto going to Kumamoto Port you may ride a ferry across the Ariake Bay to Shimabara Port Hailed as the fourth largest island in Nagasaki Hirado should be included in your top places to check out on your next visit to Nagasaki It’s located off the northwest coast of Nagasaki Prefecture One of the reasons why it was called the “Land of the Hidden Christians” is because Christians were forced to give up their religion but few believers have kept the faith and continued to practice their religion in secret There’s the Matsura Historical Museum displaying a large collection of the Matsura’s clan heirlooms Another attraction to check out is the notable churches such as the Francisco de Xavier Memorial Church Kamikouzaki Church and the Tabira Church located over the bridge on the mainland First is taking the Rail JR trains from Fukuoka going to Hirado-guchi Station in Tabira with travel time taking about 2 hours Second is taking the Express buses from Hakata Station which will take two hours There are also regular buses heading to Sasebo from the bus terminal near the ferry port This small seaside city is known for being the birthplace of Japanese porcelain wares and pottery making There are various attractions offered for both kids and adults from visiting galleries at the Arita Ceramic Art Museum in Arita town Don’t forget to drop by at the Imari-Arita Ware Traditional Crafts Center to check out more porcelain displays One of the best places to visit here is the Nabeshima Domain Kiln Park dedicated to the history and culture of Imari porcelain and has an amazing backdrop of a mountain for that picture-worthy shot you may also get your shopping done at Arita Street lined with ceramics shops and outlets perfect for that pasalubong shopping To get between Arita and Imari take the Matsuura Railway Nishi-Kyushu Line Sotome was also home to hiding Christians during the Edo Period It’s located one hour away from north-central Nagasaki Some of the places to visit are the Kurosaki Church the famous de Rotz Memorial Museum which was originally used to manufacture fishing nets The museum now displays personal belongings of French missionary Father Marc Marie de Rotz who played a large role in reestablishing the religion in the area Displays to see here includes medical instruments religious items and farming tools used by the aid center Another building he was able to build is the Shitsu Church perched atop a hill overlooking the sea you can either take the hourly bus connections from Nagasaki Station up the Sotome coast you can walk and visit the attractions in Sotome Set off the western coast of Kyushu lies Goto Islands famous for its azure waters and different water activities as this is one of the best places in Japan to make those tropical getaway dream come true Goto Islands are technically a chain of over 100 islands and part of Saikai National Park but usually referring to the five most famous islands You must not forget visiting some of its 50 churches dotted around the islands You can either take the plane, ferry or jetfoil to get to these islands. Since Fukue Island has its own airport, you can visit this island via scheduled flights from Nagasaki and Fukuoka visit the Ferry Terminal which will take about 3-4 hours to reach the islands Nagasaki boasts various historical sites perfect for history buffs and adventure seekers but this prefecture has so much to offer than what meets the eyes This is also the perfect destination if you want to get a breathtaking night view of Japan it is home to eight of the twenty-three of these World Heritage Sites It’s the perfect escape to check out some exotic town and a retreat to the hustle and bustle of daily life Searching for the best hotels and affordable flights? Check out our complete list of affordable hotels and resorts via Agoda or you may also see available Airbnb properties in the city Want more updates about new tourist attractions in Nagasaki, Japan? Please follow #TeamOutofTown, on Facebook, and Twitter, Instagram, and Pinterest for more travel ideas. Get fresh travel stories straight into your inbox Melo Villareal is the Online Publisher of Outoftownblog.com He is an Accountant by profession who left the corporate world at the age of 23 to explore his beautiful country and the rest of the world Melo works as a part-time Social Media Manager for local and international clients His full-time work focuses on discovering interesting culture explore different cuisines and take memorable photos from local and international destinations he's visiting Get the best travel stories straight into your inbox Some of the pages on this travel blog contain affiliate links Whenever you buy something or book travel-related services through one of these affiliate links We get a small commission at no extra cost to you we only recommend products and services that we feel are helpful and beneficial to our readers To use social login you have to agree with the storage and handling of your data by this website. 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