Cosmos » Chemistry Scientists have found a way to make antibacterial silver nanoparticles They say their method, published in AIP Advances is a simple and more sustainable way to make the useful materials Silver-based particles on the scale of nanometres – or silver nanoparticles – are used in medicines and are the subject of a lot of excitement from nanotechnologists They have properties that make them easy to manipulate and work with in nanotechnology research and they also have high antibacterial activity “Silver nanoparticles are responsible for disrupting the cell membrane structure which can generate reactive oxygen species used for inhibiting bacterial growth,” says lead author Kamran Alam Researchers have been hunting for ways to make silver nanoparticles more easily Alam and colleagues found that store-bought goji berries did the trick “Goji berries are easily and locally available in the botanic garden and are rich in bioactive compounds that have natural reducing and stabilising agents eliminating the need for additional capping agents during processing,” says Alam then ground them up and filtered them to get an extract filled with the reducing and stabilising agents needed to make silver nanoparticles which reacted with the goji berry solution and produced silver nanoparticles “This is a simple and straightforward synthesis method which does not need additional chemicals or complex equipment and can be scaled up for industrial applications,” says Alam The team showed that their nanoparticles could work against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria they’re planning to see precisely how well the goji berry nanoparticles work against bacteria WE INDEPENDENTLY CHOOSE ALL PRODUCTS FEATURED ON OUR SITE. WE MAY RECEIVE A COMMISSION WHEN YOU CLICK ON LINKS TO THOSE PRODUCTS. YOU CAN LEARN MORE ABOUT OUR AFFILIATE POLICY IN OUR TERMS OF USE 88.00°Rate This ReleaseBuy NowSilver and Gold Garnish the New Balance 1906R "Dragon Berry"Release New Balance 1906 flexing its versatility with everything from loafers to rugged Cordura packs Among the many options ringing in the new year the 1906R "Dragon Berry" stands out as one of the most distinctive blending bold accents with classic design elements This iteration features wide-open white mesh uppers layered with overlays of sleek silver and shimmering gold for a polished aesthetic These metallic tones frame vibrant pops of the titular "Dragon Berry" pink at the midfoot N Lock system and midsole detailing bringing a playful yet sophisticated edge to the design A classic white and grey sole anchors the look The New Balance 1906R "Dragon Berry" has just landed on Foot Locker US and is available now for 155 USD One of the most common results of having diabetes is foot amputation: a quarter of the hospital admissions among diabetics are for the foot lesions and The American Limb Preservation Society (ALPS) is an organization dedicated to preventing limb loss and amputations, which it does through a combination of research Now it’s adding technology into the mix through a partnership with Silverberry Health, a company that leverages AI to achieve better health outcomes. The collaboration, which was announced on Monday, will integrate Silverberry’s AI capabilities with ALPS’ network thereby enhancing care for diabetes patients and those at high risk for foot ulcers and amputations Silverberry leverages Generative AI to simulate and predict user behavior; design interventions to maximize engagement; summarize the doctor’s visit for the patient; and to provide an app for the patient to do a self-assessment of their learning and ask questions from AI With its precision health platform, the company incorporate DNA testing and assessment for personalized health assessment and recommendations, while its flagship product, Pingoo.AI is an AI Health companion that answers medical questions with text ALPS’ members will gain free access to Silverberry’s AI Knowledge Portal a resource for staying up-to-date with the latest studies and research in the field of diabetes and limb preservation the collaboration includes incentives for the use of Silverberry’s Ambient AI technology which are structured documentation method used by healthcare providers to record patient information in their charts so they can assess while also communicating with other health professionals.  The aim of the partnership is to improve patient care for those at risk of limb complications, integrating technology with specialized medical knowledge. ALPS members can go here and fill out the form for free access “We are thrilled to partner with ALPS to push the boundaries of healthcare with AI By integrating our flagship product, Pingoo.AI app and Knowledge Portal with ALPS’ resources we aim to drastically reduce the incidence of amputations among the diabetic community by facilitating early detection and proactive care,” Shayan Mashatian “Silverberry’s technology is specifically designed to maximize the benefits of AI for medical knowledge extraction making this advanced information easily accessible to physicians to support them in their decision-making processes.” This follows the launch of initiative from the American Diabetes Association from called the Amputation Prevention Alliance, designed to address the challenge of preventable amputation a care management company that is looking to eradicate diabetic foot ulcers.  (Image source: pingoo.ai) Vator News is a business news network that focuses on the trends and business of high-tech innovation and entrepreneurship. The big winners of a citywide portable public washrooms pilot project are seniors and children who are being forced to walk long distances to access toilets, says one city councillor. Several temporary washrooms were installed at locations including at the Coliseum, Commonwealth Stadium and downtown as well as one on the south end in Silver Berry Park, north of 23 Avenue between 34 Street and 17 Street. Subscribe now to read the latest news in your city and across Canada. Create an account or sign in to continue with your reading experience. On Edmonton Eskimos game days, several additional washrooms were installed around the stadium as well. The temporary washrooms mark an expansion of the public washroom pilot project that ran in the spring and summer months of 2017. The pilot project wraps up this October. Silver Berry Park’s temporary toilets were installed after numerous local requests for facilities. The once washroom-less hub for seniors and young families required park-goers to walk up to one kilometre during the day to use the facilities at home, said Ward 12 Coun. Moe Banga. “Going and coming all day doesn’t sit well with their age and their walking ability,” Banga said. The park’s playground is used by children in the area, and is also used for hosting a number of seniors’ functions as well, he said. Banga hopes the washroom returns to Silver Berry Park in future years. Ward 6 Coun. Scott McKeen said he hasn’t heard any response to the downtown washrooms so far. McKeen added that the answer to where the washrooms should go was fairly intuitive — what the city could consider testing for instead was washroom technology. “I don’t know if figuring out the locations is a complicated riddle,” he said. McKeen said he’d suggest the city look into alternatives other than porta-potties, which could include pop-up toilets used in Europe, or the stainless steel standalone outdoor washrooms made by companies such as Oregon-based Portland Loo. Findings of the temporary washroom pilot will be used to inform a citywide public washroom strategy. A report on the city’s public washrooms pilot project is due at city council’s community services committee next March. transmission or republication strictly prohibited This website uses cookies to personalize your content (including ads), and allows us to analyze our traffic. Read more about cookies here. By continuing to use our site, you agree to our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy You can manage saved articles in your account When and where to make use of all types of Berries Pokémon Go Berries are one of many types of items you can collect as you roam around the real-world and one of the few you can employ as you encounter wild creatures making them easier to catch or giving you other helpful bonuses Berries also increase motivation for creatures currently placed in a Gym, and can be used to feed your Buddy Pokémon There are a few different methods for how to get Berries in Pokémon Go You can get Berries from the same method as most other encounter items - by spinning PokéStops - with the chance of a Berry or two being handed to you They're not as common as Poké Balls and amongst the Poké Balls and curatives you should receive a small quantity over time You'll also get Berries from certain level up rewards, and from completing certain Field and Special Research tasks. Additionally, Pinap Berries are a possible reward from opening Gifts Silver Pinap Berries are the rarest of all, and can only be obtained by completing certain Research Tasks and from weekly Adventure Sync rewards there are a few different ways to use Berries in Pokémon Go: Berries can't heal your Pokémon while fighting against a Gym but they can raise the motivation of a creature defending one and you can even use Berries on your Gym Pokémon remotely (with a reduced potency) To raise your Pokémon's motivation at a Gym go into that Gym's menu and tap on your Pokémon then the Berry Symbol on the bottom left-hand corner of the screen You can also give a Berry to Pokémon placed by other trainers Golden Razz Berries will always completely fill a defending Pokémon's motivation You can feed your Buddy Pokémon either Berries or Poffins to earn hearts and raise your friendship level with them tap its picture beside yours in the bottom left-hand corner of the screen You can give them a Berry without using AR by tapping 'Quick Treat' Tap the Berry you wish to give to your Buddy Any type of Berry can be used to feed your Buddy but both Golden Razz Berries and Silver Pinap Berries will completely fill your Buddy's treat bar To use Berries while catching a Pokémon press the icon on the bottom left corner of the screen giving you a list of your available Berries a Berry icon will hover above the Pokémon to show the effect is currently in use the Berry and its effect will then disappear While you can follow it up with another Berry So you can't double-up on the effects of a Razz Berry and Nanab Berry Each Berry has a different use during encounters and a few caveats on how their effects work Introduced as part of the Gen 2 update Nanab Berries slow a wild Pokémon's movements With creatures exhibiting new encounter behaviours that make them harder to land Poké Balls - as well as the usual ability to leap and attack making them temporarily invulnerable - these make a creature's movements easier to read and predict We recommend using them on creatures when you need to land as few balls as possible - such as when your stock of Poké Balls are low and as such are at a premium - or to help you learn Pokémon behaviours for the first time this Berry can be used to feed your Buddy and increase the motivation of one of your creatures held in a Gym and will be as potent as Pinap and standard Razz Berries Also introduced as part of the Gen 2 update, Pinap Berries will double the amount of Candy you receive if your next catch attempt succeeds That last part is particularly crucial; the doubling effect appears to only work if you successfully capture the Pokémon with the Poké Ball that immediately follows the Berry As such, you'll want to ensure the Berry doesn't go to waste by trying to get a Nice, Great or Excellent catch The Silver Pinap Berry combines the effects of both a Razz Berry and a Pinap Berry making the Pokémon you use it on easier to catch It's best to save this Berry for rare Pokémon you really want to catch that you either want to evolve soon If you fail to catch with the effects of a Pinap or Silver Pinap Berry, you can always follow it up with another to reinstate the temporarily effect again. The effort can be worth it, especially if you are encountering a rare Pokémon where Candy is at a premium these Berries can be used to feed your Buddy and increase the motivation of one of your creatures held in a Gym and will be as potent as Nanab and standard Razz Berries If you've played Pokémon Go since the game's summer 2016 debut the Razz Berry should be fairly familiar by now By feeding Razz Berries to a wild Pokémon The potency of the Razz Berry isn't certain, but it's thought to increase your chances by a few percent. Having higher quality balls - such as Great and Ultra Balls - increase your chances even more, but combine these with a Razz Berry - as well as any elemental Catch Bonuses from Medals - to give you the best possible chance of a capture the effect of Razz Berries do not stack and will disappear if your next capture is unsuccessful so make sure you keep piling them with each throw to ensure you chances of capture remain high The standard Razz Berry is as potent as a Nanab and Pinap Berry The Golden Razz Berry performs the same basic use of a Razz Berry Using one greatly increases your chances of capturing a Pokémon so should be saved for Pokémon you really want to get and will replenish a defending Gym Pokémon's motivation metre in its entirety (even remotely) - the only Berry to do so from a single use © 2025 Eurogamer.net a brand of IGN Entertainment No part of this website or its content may be reproduced without the copyright owner's permission Eurogamer is a registered trademark of Gamer Network Limited Sign In Subscribe Now “What is there to see on nature trails this month?” Wildflowers have all but disappeared (some weedy species still muster on) while autumn leaves slowly begin their descent My best advice is: Look for seed pods and seeds Some flowers bear their seeds within berries (false lily-of-the-valley) while other flowers (fawn lily) produce a pod with seeds inside In the case of silverberry (Elaeagnus commutata) a distinctive native plant also known as wolf willow or silverbush the seed itself is arguably the most interesting feature this shrub with fuzzy silver leaves and silver olive-like drupes is the source of big beautiful ovoid seeds (up to 12 mm long) with dark and light stripes once much sought-after by interior and prairie First Nations for use in seed jewelry Necklaces and bracelets made with seeds often included tiny white seed beads for contrast a famine food) was boiled to remove the flesh Before Europeans introduced glass trade beads to native groups chokecherry seeds were also popular for jewelry Silverberry grows south from Alaska and the Yukon Landscapers love this hardy deciduous perennial for its fragrant yellow flowers Silverberry provides excellent cover and food for birds and mammals Contact Christine by email at: wildernesswest@shaw.ca Dialogue and debate are integral to a free society and we welcome and encourage you to share your views on the issues of the day. We ask that you be respectful of others and their points of view, refrain from personal attacks and stay on topic. To learn about our commenting policies and how our community-based moderation works, please read our Community Guidelines it seems appropriate to talk about an autumn fruit but rather an invasive small tree with the common name "autumn olive" due to the time of year it ripens I worry about over-foraging native plants because we are in the middle of a biodiversity crisis By foraging for food we don’t really need to survive we might be decreasing the chance that native plants like chokecherries or sweet fern have of surviving We might also be robbing local wildlife of food And the great thing is that it is a really nutritious and delicious wild edible berry Autumn olive (Elaeagnus umbellata) is native to eastern Asia and was first introduced to the United States in 1830 as an ornamental plant It was used to help control erosion along highways and to provide habitat for wildlife (despite warnings about the negative impact this species has on native species) It is now common in the eastern United States and might even be the most common wild edible fruit around here If you don’t know where to find autumn olives You want to look for a thicket-forming bush usually along roadsides (that’s where they are at my house) The leaves are elliptical with distinct silver scales on their undersides autumn olives have pea-sized berries that are ripening to a bright red coated with silver or brownish dots One of my bushes was loaded with berries a week or so ago Nature News: Why 2023 is summer of salamanders and what you should know about them My most selfish reason is that they are easy to harvest prolific (a single autumn olive bush can yield several pounds of fruit) and even fruit leather without bothering to strain out the seeds Nature News: How to find and enjoy hobblebush berries on your next hike Another reason to harvest as many autumn olive berries as possible is to help halt their spread Autumn olives tend to colonize areas with poor soil They are one of the few non-leguminous (bean family) nitrogen fixers This means they can grow in nitrogen-poor soil because their roots work with bacteria to fix nitrogen from the atmosphere and convert it into nitrates one of the main ingredients in most fertilizers This can be a good thing in that it enriches the soil– most plants can’t fix nitrogen autumn olives tend to outcompete most native plants forming a monoculture that excludes native species Monocultures (strips of just autumn olives) are the opposite of biodiverse I plan to cut down or pull out all traces of autumn olive next spring or early summer I’ve waited too long to cut them down this year Cutting after the fruit has set most likely increases the risk of seeds spreading and germinating I definitely plan on visiting my local orchards to pick apples soon But I’m going to add autumn olive picking to my fall line-up This gives me an excuse to get out and explore and this is one wild fruit I have no hesitation about over-harvesting Susan Pike, a researcher and an environmental sciences and biology teacher at Dover High School, welcomes your ideas for future column topics. Send your photos and observations to spike3116@gmail.com. Read more of her Nature News columns online at Seacoastonline.com and pikes-hikes.com I eagerly parted with $6 to make it mine, an investment that is already paying off. Staring intently through the eyepiece at magnified flower petals and fly wings has offered insights that reach beyond the intricate designs of the natural world. A basic model layered with dust and no automated mechanisms the microscope cleaned up nicely. As best as I can tell, it is a toy version made in Japan likely dating back to the 1960s, maybe earlier, based on Google searches and similar products advertised on eBay and Etsy. The kit included one prepared slide, a specimen titled "Silver berry scaly hair" and two blank glass slides. Silverberry is a shrub common to Asia with versions also found in North America. Its leaves have fuzzy silver-grey scales. With the natural eye, the silverberry slide looks like a glass rectangle with a sprinkle of colored sanding sugar, the kind one might use to decorate cookies. The microscope augments the view to reveal bright pink and blue starbursts. (Prepared samples are often stained to increase the visibility.) Over the weekend we experimented with other objects: bugs, strands of human hair, wildflower petals and stems. Each time it took some finessing to get the mirror at the base of the scope to perfectly illuminate the field of view. Too little light kept the image obscured. Too much light overtook depth and detail. With one eye squeezed closed and the other gazing into the eyepiece, our 10-year-old oohed and ahhed when she discovered the flower stem we'd sectioned and mounted contained an assembly line of water droplets clinging to the inner edge, backdropped by the bright green of the plant's new growth. For her school's science fair earlier this year, she'd studied how plants move water from their roots to their leaves through capillary action and transpiration. And here it was, in real time, before her very eyes. This spring she chronicled the outward signs of how dyed water travels through a flower. This time, she enjoyed a different view. In less than a week, this small, black microscope has already brought us more than just science lessons. It's helped us focus on the things that keep our family rooted. There are days when refereeing fights between children, managing hectic schedules and surviving on too little sleep cloud my view to the things that matter most. This $6 microscope has reminded me to look closely at what's in front of me, to search for the light, refocus and deliberately bring clarity to the important things in life. Elbow to elbow at our dinner table taking turns peering down into the newly seen, it's not the discovery of water droplets adhering to a stem or the delicate lacing of a fly's wings that have struck me most. Instead, it is a reminder that there is power in slowing down, that a change in perspective is worth pursuing. In taking a break from our usual days spent zooming between chores, appointments, camps and work our focus shifted to our togetherness and to the joy of sharing individual observations — a magnification of the whimsical scientific inquiry we'd indulged. Turning the microscope's adjustment knob as we flipped through its three lenses allowed us to see things we'd otherwise have missed. Its time-worn packaging promises "precision tested optics," and I'd say it delivered, easily worth every penny.  Jill Burke is a longtime Alaska journalist writing from the center of a busy family life. Her father swore by "Burke's Law No. 1 — never take no for an answer." Meaning, don't give up in the face of adversity. The lesson stuck. Share your ideas with her at jill@alaskadispatch.com, on Facebook or on Twitter. The views expressed here are the writer's and are not necessarily endorsed by Alaska Dispatch News, which welcomes a broad range of viewpoints. To submit a piece for consideration, email commentary@alaskadispatch.com. Jill Burke is a longtime Alaska journalist writing from the center of a busy family life. Her father swore by "Burke's Law No. 1 - never take no for an answer." The lesson stuck. A staff writer and columnist, she lives in Anchorage with her wife and children. 2022Photo: Getty ImagesSave this storySaveSave this storySave“Feeling so much gratitude and love this birthday wrote Halle Berry in an Instagram post to celebrate her 56th birthday This content can also be viewed on the site it originates from It was the tumble of silver curls that sprung over her eyes that really caught our attention, though. Since she returned to her pixie-cut roots back in March Berry has experimented with different looks with her deep side parting From electric blonde and purple to different textures the latest style she has adopted features silver corkscrew curls Berry proved that the gray-silver shade is ultra-flattering and actually an easy way to illuminate and draw attention to one’s skin (perhaps the ultimate Leo hairstyle) May Berry keep inspiring us with ways to switch up a short haircut—because it’s certainly working for her The Naked Manicure Trend Will Be Everywhere This Spring Victoria Beckham Takes Beauty Inspo From the Olsens 2025’s Trending Eyeliner Flatters Those in Their 20s and 70s Alike Sign up for Vogue’s beauty newsletter to receive the insider’s guide to all things beauty and wellness Never miss a Vogue moment and get unlimited digital access for just $2 $1 per month actress Halle Berry issued a self-described “subtle Tuesday serve” to her 8.4 million Instagram followers earlier this week the Monster’s Ball actress shared a photo of herself in an absolutely stunning gown Berry struck a pose and captured a full-body selfie in the silky silver dress which featured a thigh-high slit practically to the waistline particularly the one leg that peeked out from underneath the garment which featured a cowl neckline and spaghetti straps She appeared to be sporting minimal makeup and wore her hair loose The 56-year-old actress’s casual snap of her extravagant look racked up more then 222,000 likes in less than 24 hours and there was a ton of positive feedback in the comments section A post shared by Halle Berry (@halleberry) “Wow,” Elaine Goldsmith-Thomas stated simply “Thank you for making the 50's look like the 20's Make sure to follow SI Lifestyle on Google News! CARA O’BLENESSCara is a trending news writer/editor for Sports Illustrated Swimsuit A passionate writer and editor with more than 10 years of experience in print and online media she loves storytelling and believes that words have the power to change the world Cara worked as a writer and editor across a number of content verticals spending time with her family and making her way through Michigan’s many microbreweries She is a graduate of Michigan State University's School of Journalism © 2025 ABG-SI LLC. - SPORTS ILLUSTRATED IS A REGISTERED TRADEMARK OF ABG-SI LLC USE OF THIS SITE CONSTITUTES ACCEPTANCE OF OUR TERMS OF USE AND PRIVACY POLICY Powered by Minute Media Metrics details Different approaches have been developed for the synthesis of various nanostructured materials with unique morphologies This study demonstrated the photocatalytic and antimicrobial abilities of silver-loaded zinc oxide nanocomposites (Ag@ZnO NCs) ZnO with a unique mesoporous ellipsoidal morphology in the size range of 0.59 ± 0.11 × 0.33 ± 0.09 µm (length × width) was synthesized using aqueous precipitation in a mild hydrothermal condition (80 °C) with the aqueous fruit extract of goji berry (GB) (as an additive) and calcined in air at 200 °C/2 h and 250 °C/3 h Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the formation of a hexagonal phase of the wurtzite (WZ) structure The average crystallite size of ZnO was 23.74 ± 4.9 nm as calculated using Debye–Scherrer’s equation It also possesses higher thermal stability with the surface area different mesoporous Ag@ZnO NCs loaded with face-centered cubic (fcc) silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) in the range of 90–160 nm were synthesized by GB extract as a reducing and capping agent on the surface of ZnO after calcination in air The immobilization of Ag NPs was confirmed by XRD field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) FE-transmission electron microscopy (FE-TEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) It was found that Ag0.2@ZnO NC (0.2 wt% of Ag) showed excellent photocatalytic degradation of both methylene blue (MB) (cationic) and congo red (CR) (anionic) dyes under simulated solar irradiation The photocatalytic degradation of 99.3 ± 0.35% MB and 98.5 ± 1.3% CR occurred in 90 and 55 min these NCs also showed broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria The mechanistic concept of generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) by electron and hole charge (e‾/h+) carriers seems to be responsible for the photocatalytic degradation of commercial dyes and antibacterial activities by Ag@ZnO NCs these silver-loaded mesoporous ellipsoidal ZnO NCs are promising candidates as photocatalysts for industrial/wastewater treatment as well as in antimicrobial therapeutics Eco-friendly and sustainable materials of plant/fruit extracts as additives can also direct the formation of different nanostructured morphologies of ZnO which is an underexplored and emerging field of research we demonstrated the use of fruit extract as an additive for ZnO formation and as a reducing and stabilizing agent for the formation of Ag NPs on Ag@ZnO NCs This methodology was used to synthesize unique mesoporous ellipsoidal semiconductor particles of zinc oxide (ZnO) using GB extract as an additive in a simple precipitation method and silver nanoparticles-loaded on ZnO (Ag@ZnO NCs) to form metal/semiconductor nanocomposites using the aqueous fruit extract of goji berries (GB) as a reducing and stabilizing agent ZnO and Ag@ZnO NCs with different silver concentrations have been evaluated for their photocatalytic activity against both anionic and cationic dyes and antibacterial activity against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and -negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria 99%) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (USA) Zinc nitrate hexahydrate (extra pure grade) and congo red (CR) were purchased from Duksan Pure Chemicals Co. Ampicillin sodium salt was bought from Daejung Chemicals & Metals Co. Dried goji berries (Lycium barbarum L.) were purchased from Yeongcheon medicinal herb market (Yeongcheon Microorganisms Escherichia coli (KCTC 2571) and Staphylococcus aureus (KCTC 3881) were obtained from the Korean Collection for Type Cultures (Jeongeup Muller–Hinton (MH) broth medium and agar were purchased from Becton Deionized water was collected using a Milli-Q direct water purification system (Merck Millipore) and used to prepare all solutions the dried GBs were chopped into small pieces and then excellently ground into a coarse powder in a mortar pestle The aqueous extract was prepared by heating 5.0 g of GB powder in 100 mL of deionized water taken in a 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask and allowed to boil with stirring at 100 °C for 15 min the solution was cooled to room temperature and centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 10 min 1 filter paper to obtain a clarified solution of GB extract the aqueous GB extract was stored in the refrigerator at 4 °C for the preparation of metal nanoparticles and metal/semiconductor nanocomposites 8.0 g zinc nitrate hexahydrate was dissolved in 100 mL deionized water and stirred at room temperature for 5 min 30 mL of freshly prepared GB extract solution was added and the pH of the solution was adjusted to 9.0 with the dropwise addition of aqueous NH4OH The resultant mixture was continuously stirred under a mild hydrothermal condition of 80 °C for 24 h The obtained yellow precipitate was collected by centrifugation at 4000 rpm for 15 min and washed twice with deionized water The as-prepared zinc oxide (ZnO) particles were dried in a vacuum oven at 60 °C overnight followed by calcination at 200 °C/2 h and 250 °C /3 h in air and stored in an airtight amber vial Schematic diagram of the synthesis of ZnO and Ag@ZnO NCs The thermal stability of nanocomposites was analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) from room temperature to 800 °C at a heating rate of 20 °C/min in a nitrogen atmosphere Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy was performed using the HORIBA Scientific Raman system and analyzed with LabSpec 6 software A 325 nm air-cooled He-Cd laser power at 50 mW with Syncerity CCD detector was used and detected with 10 × objective in the wavelength range of 340–1050 nm Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area (SBET) Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) pore size distribution and pore volume of samples were analyzed using a Micromeritics 3Flex adsorption analyzer (Norcross The photocatalytic degradation of dyes was evaluated using a Shimadzu UV-2600 dual-beam UV–Vis spectrophotometer (Kyoto The photocatalytic degradation of dyes (MB and CR) by ZnO and Ag@ZnO NCs as photocatalysts was assessed by the decolorization of dye solutions with the initial concentrations of 10 mg/L MB or 20 mg/L CR under simulated solar light irradiation using Ultra-Vitalux lamp (300 W) (Osram GmbH) 0.1% (w/v) of ZnO and various Ag@ZnO NCs were taken as photocatalysts and added to 100 mL of aqueous dye solutions under continuous stirring the dye solution with photocatalyst was incubated at room temperature in the dark for 30 min to reach adsorption–desorption equilibrium The distance between the lamp and the dye solution was kept at 10 cm and the samples were taken periodically and centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 10 min to remove the nanocomposites from the dye solutions The maximum absorbance (λmax) of the supernatant dye solution was analyzed by a dual-beam UV–Vis spectrophotometer to quantify the concentrations of MB and CR dyes at 663 and 498 nm The rate of degradation of dyes was calculated by the percentage of the concentration of dye that remained after a specific time over the initial dye concentration aureus were obtained by inoculating the MH broth with the pure single colonies of bacteria the MH agar plates were spread-plated with pure bacterial suspensions and the agar wells were made using a sterile cork borer with a diameter of 8 mm Different Ag@ZnO NCs and ZnO (2 mg; 40 mg/mL) were loaded into the wells and the plates were incubated at 37 °C for 16 h The development of the zone of inhibitions (ZOIs) around the ZnO and Ag@ZnO NCs loaded wells was measured and recorded The FWHM and crystallite size are inversely proportional; therefore the increase in the size of Ag NPs results in the formation of larger NCs These Ag NPs formed on the surface of ZnO were in the size of 25.65 ± 5.0 and 33.32 ± 4.21 nm in diameter for Ag0.2@ZnO The intensity of Ag NPs peaks increases with the increase in the silver content of NCs which is due to the increase in the number of Ag NPs on the surface of ZnO (a–d) Dynamic light scattering of particle size distribution and (e–h) zeta potentials of ZnO and (g,h) Ag0.8@ZnO NCs (scale bar 5 µm (left) and 1 µm (right)) and (d) Ag0.8@ZnO NCs (inset table with elemental composition) and the inset shows their corresponding SAED image Figure 7 shows the HAADF-STEM image of the Ag0.2@ZnO NC and its corresponding elemental composition (Zn-K, Zn-L, O-K, Ag-K, and Ag-L) by STEM-EDX mapping. These images confirm the successful embedment of Ag NPs on the surface of ZnO. (a) HAADF-STEM image and EDX maps of (b) Zn-K (a) TG analysis curve and (b) PL spectra of ZnO and Ag@ZnO NCs Ag0.8@ZnO NCs exhibited the lowest PL intensity as that of Ag0.4@ZnO NC because excess addition of silver as Ag NPs in Ag0.8@ZnO NC was unfavorable for charge separation The N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm of ZnO and Ag0.2@ZnO NC and (b) pore size distribution and (c) schematic diagram illustrating the photocatalytic degradation of MB and CR dyes by Ag@ZnO NCs The increase of silver amount on the surface of ZnO decreases the photocatalytic degradation efficiency The decrease in the photocatalytic degradation by Ag0.4@ZnO and Ag0.8@ZnO NCs could be due to the hindrance in the absorption of light by the excess of Ag NPs UV–Vis absorbance spectra of the photocatalytic degradation of MB (a) and CR (b) The plot of Ct/C0 against time in the degradation of MB (c) and CR (d) The degradation percentage of MB (e) and CR (f) against time by Ag0.2@ZnO NC Regeneration of photocatalyst after every reaction was done by collecting the catalyst by centrifugation The photocatalytic activity of Ag0.2@ZnO NC remains intact for both MB and CR degradation for up to five adsorption/desorption cycles under selected conditions There was only an indiscernible decrease of about 8.1% in the photocatalytic degradation of MB there was a significant decrease of about 33% in the degradation of CR (Supplementary Fig the recycling results reflect the commendable stability of both Ag NPs and ZnO structures in the Ag0.2@ZnO NC for the degradation of cationic dyes for wastewater treatment Antibacterial activity showing ZOIs for (a) ZnO and (e) ampicillin (positive control) against E The synthesis of zinc oxide particles (ZnO) by direct precipitation method using goji berry extract as an additive and subsequent calcination in air promoted the formation of mesoporous ellipsoidal morphology with 0.59 µm (length) and 0.33 µm (width) was found to be hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure The formation of silver nanoparticles on the surface of ZnO in the formation of Ag@ZnO nanocomposites using the GB extract provides a method of synthesizing highly porous metal/semiconductor NCs The presence of polyphenols in the GB extract acts as both reducing and capping/stabilizing agents in preparing nanoparticles and/or nanocomposites The as-prepared Ag@ZnO NCs were characterized by several techniques and SEM–EDX and TEM micrographs confirmed the formation of Ag NPs on the surface of ZnO The photocatalytic activity of Ag0.2@ZnO nanocomposite towards both MB and CR degradation in an aqueous medium was found to be higher than that of ZnO and other Ag@ZnO NCs at room temperature Ag0.2@ZnO NC was photostable and reusable for cationic dyes even after five adsorption/desorption cycles The presence of Ag on the surface of ZnO promotes the separation of photogenerated charge carriers and enhances photocatalytic degradation of pollutants they also showed good antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli the photocatalytic and antibacterial activity of Ag0.2@ZnO were remarkably improved due to the generation of abundant ROS than that of ZnO particles and other Ag@ZnO NCs This novel methodology utilizes fruit extract as a sustainable and eco-friendly additive to form the unique morphology of semiconductor particles and as a reducing/stabilizing agent to form metal nanoparticles to prepare metal/semiconductor nanocomposites for wastewater treatment by photocatalysis and antimicrobial therapeutics Data available on request from the authors Güneş, E., Çifçi, D. İ, Dinçer, A. R. & Güneş, Y. Removal of COD, aromaticity and color of a pretreated chemical producing industrial wastewater: A comparison between adsorption, ozonation, and advanced oxidation processes. Turk. J. Chem. 45, 551–565. https://doi.org/10.3906/kim-2010-48 (2021) Organic degradation potential of real greywater using TiO2-based advanced oxidation processes Esplugas, S., Giménez, J., Contreras, S., Pascual, E. & Rodrı́guez, M. Comparison of different advanced oxidation processes for phenol degradation. Water Res. 36, 1034–1042. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(01)00301-3 (2002) Copper modified iron oxide as heterogeneous photo-Fenton reagent for the degradation of coomasie brilliant blue R-250 Ramesha, G. K., Vijaya Kumara, A., Muralidhara, H. B. & Sampath, S. Graphene and graphene oxide as effective adsorbents toward anionic and cationic dyes. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 361, 270–277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2011.05.050 (2011) Chiu, Y.-H., Chang, T.-F.M., Chen, C.-Y., Sone, M. & Hsu, Y.-J. Mechanistic insights into photodegradation of organic dyes using heterostructure photocatalysts. Catalysts 9, 20. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal9050430 (2019) Rafiq, A. et al. Photocatalytic degradation of dyes using semiconductor photocatalysts to clean industrial water pollution. J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 97, 111–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2021.02.017 (2021) Photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water Aramendía, M. A., Marinas, A., Marinas, J. M., Moreno, J. M. & Urbano, F. J. Photocatalytic degradation of herbicide fluroxypyr in aqueous suspension of TiO2. Catal. Today 101, 187–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2005.03.063 (2005) Lee, Y. Y. et al. Visible-light driven photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes over ordered mesoporous CdxZn1–xS materials. J. Phys. Chem. C 121, 5137–5144. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b00038 (2017) Plant-mediated biosynthesis and photocatalysis activities of zinc oxide nanoparticles: A prospect towards dyes mineralization Morphology dependent photocatalytic and magnetic properties of ZnO nanostructures Janani, B. et al. A simple approach for the synthesis of bi-functional p-n type ZnO@CuFe2O4 heterojunction nanocomposite for photocatalytic and antimicrobial application. Phys. E 130, 114664. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2021.114664 (2021) Akshhayya, C. et al. Synthesis of novel p-n heterojunction by the decoration of CuFe2O4 on ZnO nanorod: Characterization, enhanced visible light driven photocatalytic activity and intrinsic mechanism. Surf. Interfaces 29, 101726. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfin.2022.101726 (2022) Green biomimetic synthesis of Ag–TiO 2 nanocomposite using Origanum majorana leaf extract under sonication and their biological activities Synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using leaf extract of Lippia adoensis (Koseret) and evaluation of its antibacterial activity Green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles from Syzygium Cumini leaves extract with robust photocatalysis applications He, W. et al. Photogenerated charge carriers and reactive oxygen species in ZnO/Au hybrid nanostructures with enhanced photocatalytic and antibacterial activity. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 136, 750–757. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja410800y (2014) Gupta, J., Mohapatra, J. & Bahadur, D. Visible light driven mesoporous Ag-embedded ZnO nanocomposites: Reactive oxygen species enhanced photocatalysis, bacterial inhibition and photodynamic therapy. Dalton Trans. 46, 685–696. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6DT03713E (2017) ‘Green’synthesis of metals and their oxide nanoparticles: Applications for environmental remediation Dong, C. et al. Wolfberry fruit (Lycium barbarum) extract mediated novel route for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Optik 130, 162–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2016.11.010 (2017) Chauhan, A. et al. Photocatalytic dye degradation and antimicrobial activities of Pure and Ag-doped ZnO using Cannabis sativa leaf extract. Sci. Rep. 10, 7881. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64419-0 (2020) Moezzi, A., Cortie, M. & McDonagh, A. Aqueous pathways for the formation of zinc oxide nanoparticles. Dalton Trans. 40, 4871–4878. https://doi.org/10.1039/C0DT01748E (2011) Musić, S., Šarić, A. & Popović, S. Dependence of the microstructural properties of ZnO particles on their synthesis. J. Alloy. Compd. 448, 277–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.10.021 (2008) Aimable, A., Buscaglia, M. T., Buscaglia, V. & Bowen, P. Polymer-assisted precipitation of ZnO nanoparticles with narrow particle size distribution. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 30, 591–598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2009.06.010 (2010) Hussein, M. Z. B., Ghotbi, M. Y., Yahaya, A. H. & Abd Rahman, M. Z. The effect of polymers onto the size of zinc layered hydroxide salt and its calcined product. Solid State Sci. 11, 368–375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2008.06.006 (2009) Usui, H. The effect of surfactants on the morphology and optical properties of precipitated wurtzite ZnO. Mater. Lett. 63, 1489–1492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2009.03.054 (2009) Narayanan, K. B., Kim, H. D. & Han, S. S. Biocompatibility and hemocompatibility of hydrothermally derived reduced graphene oxide using soluble starch as a reducing agent. Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces 185, 110579. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110579 (2020) Narayanan, K. B., Park, G. T. & Han, S. S. Antibacterial properties of starch-reduced graphene oxide–polyiodide nanocomposite. Food Chem. 342, 128385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128385 (2021) Thein, M. T., Pung, S.-Y., Aziz, A. & Itoh, M. The role of ammonia hydroxide in the formation of ZnO hexagonal nanodisks using sol–gel technique and their photocatalytic study. J. Exp. Nanosci. 10, 1068–1081. https://doi.org/10.1080/17458080.2014.953609 (2015) Qi, L., Li, H. & Dong, L. Simple synthesis of flower-like ZnO by a dextran assisted solution route and their photocatalytic degradation property. Mater. Lett. 107, 354–356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2013.06.054 (2013) Begum, G., Manorama, S. V., Singh, S. & Rana, R. K. Morphology-controlled assembly of ZnO nanostructures: A bioinspired method and visible luminescence. Chem. A Eur. J. 14, 6421–6427. https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.200800129 (2008) Çolak, H. & Karaköse, E. Green synthesis and characterization of nanostructured ZnO thin films using Citrus aurantifolia (lemon) peel extract by spin-coating method. J. Alloy. Compd. 690, 658–662. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.08.090 (2017) Gao, Y., Xu, D., Ren, D., Zeng, K. & Wu, X. Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Citrus sinensis peel extract and application to strawberry preservation: A comparison study. LWT 126, 109297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109297 (2020) Narayanan, K. B. & Sakthivel, N. Green synthesis of biogenic metal nanoparticles by terrestrial and aquatic phototrophic and heterotrophic eukaryotes and biocompatible agents. Adv. Coll. Interface. Sci. 169, 59–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2011.08.004 (2011) González, A. L., Noguez, C., Beránek, J. & Barnard, A. S. Size, shape, stability, and color of plasmonic silver nanoparticles. J. Phys. Chem. C 118, 9128–9136. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp5018168 (2014) Ahmad, N. et al. Rapid synthesis of silver nanoparticles using dried medicinal plant of basil. Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces 81, 81–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.06.029 (2010) Makarov, V. V. et al. “Green” nanotechnologies: Synthesis of metal nanoparticles using plants. Acta Nat. 6, 35–44. https://doi.org/10.32607/20758251-2014-6-1-35-44 (2014) Biogenic silver nanoparticles: What we know and what do we need to know? Metal nanoparticles fabricated by green chemistry using natural extracts: Biosynthesis Saboor, A., Shah, S. M. & Hussain, H. Band gap tuning and applications of ZnO nanorods in hybrid solar cell: Ag-doped verses Nd-doped ZnO nanorods. Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process. 93, 215–225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2019.01.009 (2019) Koch, U., Fojtik, A., Weller, H. & Henglein, A. Photochemistry of semiconductor colloids. Preparation of extremely small ZnO particles, fluorescence phenomena and size quantization effects. Chem. Phys. Lett. 122, 507–510. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(85)87255-9 (1985) Electrical and optical properties of ZnO/Si heterojunctions as a function of the Mg dopant content Synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles from Zn-hyperaccumulator (Sedum alfredii Hance) plants Zinc accumulation and synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using Physalis alkekengi L. Zaid, M. H. M., Matori, K. A., Yaakob, Y. & Alibe, I. M. Simple thermal treatment approach for the synthesis of α-Zn2SiO4 nanoparticles. Opt. Laser Technol. 140, 106991. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2021.106991 (2021) Panchal, P. et al. Biogenic mediated Ag/ZnO nanocomposites for photocatalytic and antibacterial activities towards disinfection of water. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 563, 370–380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2019.12.079 (2020) In Advances in Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biochemistry Vol 44 (eds Stuart Tipson Santos, D. I. et al. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy as a possible rapid tool to evaluate abiotic stress effects on pineapple by-products. Appl. Sci. 9, 25. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9194141 (2019) Investigations of geopolymeric mixtures based on phosphate washing waste Sajjad, M. et al. Structural and optical properties of pure and copper doped zinc oxide nanoparticles. Results Phys. 9, 1301–1309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2018.04.010 (2018) Kätzel, U. et al. Dynamic light scattering for the characterization of polydisperse fractal systems: I simulation of the diffusional behavior. Particle Particle Syst. Charact. 25, 9–18. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.200700004 (2008) Zmpitas, J. & Gross, J. Modified stokes-Einstein equation for molecular self-diffusion based on entropy scaling. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 60, 4453–4459. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.0c06090 (2021) Barzinjy, A. A. & Azeez, H. H. Green synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Eucalyptus globulus Labill. leaf extract and zinc nitrate hexahydrate salt. SN Appl. Sci. 2, 991. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-2813-1 (2020) In Advances in Nanomedicine for the Delivery of Therapeutic Nucleic Acids (eds Surendra Iravani, S. Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles using plants. Green Chem. 13, 2638–2650. https://doi.org/10.1039/C1GC15386B (2011) Jayappa, M. D. et al. Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles from the leaf, stem and in vitro grown callus of Mussaenda frondosa L.: Characterization and their applications. Appl. Nanosci. 10, 3057–3074. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-020-01382-2 (2020) Majeed Khan, M. A., Kumar, S., Ahamed, M., Alrokayan, S. A. & AlSalhi, M. S. Structural and thermal studies of silver nanoparticles and electrical transport study of their thin films. Nanosc. Res. Lett. 6, 434. https://doi.org/10.1186/1556-276X-6-434 (2011) Demirci, S. et al. Synthesis and characterization of Ag doped TiO2 heterojunction films and their photocatalytic performances. Appl. Surf. Sci. 390, 591–601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.08.145 (2016) Effects of simultaneously doped and deposited Ag on the photocatalytic activity and surface states of TiO2 characterization and photocatalytic activity Xiang, Q., Yu, J., Cheng, B. & Ong, H. C. Microwave-hydrothermal preparation and visible-light photoactivity of plasmonic photocatalyst Ag-TiO2 nanocomposite hollow spheres. Chem. Asian J. 5, 1466–1474. https://doi.org/10.1002/asia.200900695 (2010) Synthesis and Ag recovery of nanosized ZnO powder by solution combustion process for photocatalytic applications Lang, J. et al. Chemical precipitation synthesis and significant enhancement in photocatalytic activity of Ce-doped ZnO nanoparticles. Ceram. Int. 42, 14175–14181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.06.042 (2016) Zhang, L. et al. On the structure and ultraviolet emission of terbium doped zinc oxide thin films on silicon after high temperature treatment. Results Phys. 32, 105121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2021.105121 (2022) Luminescence from zinc oxide nanostructures and polymers and their hybrid devices Kuo, S.-T., Tuan, W.-H., Shieh, J. & Wang, S.-F. Effect of Ag on the microstructure and electrical properties of ZnO. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 27, 4521–4527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2007.02.215 (2007) Vanheusden, K. et al. Mechanisms behind green photoluminescence in ZnO phosphor powders. J. Appl. Phys. 79, 7983–7990. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.362349 (1996) Zheng, Y. et al. Photocatalytic activity of Ag/ZnO heterostructure nanocatalyst: Correlation between structure and property. J. Phys. Chem. C 112, 10773–10777. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp8027275 (2008) Zhu, X. et al. Fabrication, characterization, and photocatalytic activity of anatase/rutile/SnO2 nanocomposites. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 30, 21210–21218. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-019-02494-4 (2019) Reporting physisorption data for gas/solid systems with special reference to the determination of surface area and porosity (Recommendations 1984) Synthesis of unusual large pore Mg substituted alumino phosphate (MgAlPO4) mesoporous molecular sieve and its catalytic activity Adsorption methods for the characterization of porous materials Khataee, A. R. & Kasiri, M. B. Photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes in the presence of nanostructured titanium dioxide: Influence of the chemical structure of dyes. J. Mol. Catal. A Chem. 328, 8–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcata.2010.05.023 (2010) Pimpliskar, P. V., Motekar, S. C., Umarji, G. G., Lee, W. & Arbuj, S. S. Synthesis of silver-loaded ZnO nanorods and their enhanced photocatalytic activity and photoconductivity study. Photochem. Photobiol. Sci. 18, 1503–1511. https://doi.org/10.1039/C9PP00099B (2019) Dhatshanamurthi, P. et al. Superficial sonication synthesis of a highly sunshine active metal modified ZnO photocatalyst and its multiple applications. Inorg. Nano-Metal Chem. 20, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/24701556.2021.1980023 (2021) Majumder, S., Basnet, P., Mukherjee, J. & Chatterjee, S. Bio-capped facile synthesis of silver zinc oxide for photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine 6G under visible-light irradiation. AIP Conf. Proc. 2265, 030093. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0017417 (2020) Alharthi, F. A. et al. Facile one-pot green synthesis of Ag–ZnO Nanocomposites using potato peeland their Ag concentration dependent photocatalytic properties. Sci. Rep. 10, 20229. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77426-y (2020) Essawy, A. A. Silver imprinted zinc oxide nanoparticles: Green synthetic approach, characterization and efficient sunlight-induced photocatalytic water detoxification. J. Clean. Prod. 183, 1011–1020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.02.214 (2018) Kumar, A., Sharma, G., Naushad, M., Singh, P. & Kalia, S. Polyacrylamide/Ni0.02Zn0.98O nanocomposite with high solar light photocatalytic activity and efficient adsorption capacity for toxic dye removal. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 53, 15549–15560. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie5018173 (2014) Padikkaparambil, S., Narayanan, B., Yaakob, Z., Viswanathan, S. & Tasirin, S. M. Au/TiO2 reusable photocatalysts for dye degradation. Int. J. Photoenergy 2013, 752605. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/752605 (2013) characteristics and antimicrobial activity of ZnO nanoparticles The antimicrobial activity of ZnO nanoparticles against Vibrio cholerae: Variation in response depends on biotype Green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles against bacterial and fungal pathogens Antibacterial activity of colloidal silver against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria Zare, M. et al. Novel green biomimetic approach for synthesis of ZnO-Ag nanocomposite; antimicrobial activity against food-borne pathogen, biocompatibility and solar photocatalysis. Sci. Rep. 9, 8303. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-44309-w (2019) Download references This work was supported by the King Abdullah Scholarship Program (2018) and the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) (#2019R1I1A3A01062440 & # 2020R1A6A3A01100150) funded by the Korean Ministry of Education The authors also thank the Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food and Forestry (IPET) through the High Value-added Food Technology Development Program The characterization instruments were utilized at the Core Research Support Center for Natural Products and Medical Materials (CRCNM) at Yeungnam University Department of Chemical Engineering Technology College of Applied Industrial Technology (CAIT) final draft—review and editing and supervision Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations Download citation DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-14117-w Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily. "Feeling so much gratitude and love on this birthday Berry reclines on a couch outdoors wearing a black lace tank and a few earrings laddered up her ear her skin glowing and her curls brushed over her eye This content can also be viewed on the site it originates from Berry has been an iconic beauty trendsetter for decades and if her silver curls are any indication channel your inner Halle Berry with this tutorial video: 2025 - 3:19amAll that glitters is not gold – these days The metallic shade has emerged as a breakout style star in 2025 appearing everywhere from Hollywood awards shows to the most star-studded film festivals premieres and fashion weeks around the world Keep scrolling to see all the most glorious silver looks celebrities have been wearing this year. Isabela Merced has combined two red-hot red carpet trends here – sheer and silver The Last Of Us actress wore this striking metallic and mesh gown for the premiere of the show's second season in London on April 10 her floor-length sheer gown sparkled from every angle thanks to the silver sequins that fanned out in an almost foliage-like pattern so it's hardly surprising Katy Perry is embracing a futuristic look in 2025 The pop star walked the red carpet at the Breakthrough Prize awards – nicknamed the 'Oscars of science' – on April 5 in this spangled silver number featuring cutouts running down the bodice and a hood giving you a better look at the fine silver 'panels' whirling around Perry's body Aussie reality TV alumnus Brooke Blurton shone under the spotlight at the 2025 Glamour On The Grid – the launch event for the Formula 1 Australian Grand Prix – in this all-silver look Blurton's silver minidress was given extra oomph by a long metallic train with further sparkle courtesty of her heels but swimming champion Ariarne Titmus also opted for silver for the March 12 Titmus' gown sparkled down to the floor (and beyond) with beading and sequins. Chappell Roan was a vision in silver at Paris Fashion Week in March 2025 as she attended the Rick Owens fall ready-to-wear show in this futuristic metallic gown We can't stop staring at the cut-out neckline Don't love the idea of wearing head-to-toe silver Gigi Hadid is proof you don't have to throw yourself into the trend boots and all – even a splash of silver is enough to elevate an outfit at Le Grand Diner du Louvre during the Fall/Winter 2025-2026 Womenswear fashion week in Paris Halle Berry reflected light with every movement as she walked the 2025 Oscars red carpet in this silver mosaic gown The actress was practically a human disco ball in the strapless design which featured bedazzled sheer panels running down each side of the skirt. Mindy Kaling was adorned in a sea of silver leaves as she attended the Oscars The actress and screenwriter later said she had never "landed on a gown as quickly" as she did with the stunning Oscar De La Renta design Demi Moore was hoping to take home the gold at the Oscars but her red carpet look was all about the silver The star of The Substance sparkled in this beaded gown by Giorgio Armani privé Ava DuVernay opted for a more matte silver look in this striking She teamed the silk crêpe Louis Vuitton gown with a clutch bag in a darker shade of silver The metallic looks continued at the 2025 Vanity Fair Oscar Party Paris Hilton sparkled right down to the floor in this slinky silver gown that gave us serious Glo-mesh vibes with matching silver heels peeking out the bottom with a white bodice offsetting the silver sequins and fringing of her gown's skirt Chelsea Handler went for an all-silver look teaming her matte metallic dress with a sparkling clutch and silver jewellery Ellie Goulding channelled Grecian goddess energy in this gorgeous silver mesh gown featuring draping at the waistline and off-the-shoulder sleeves secured with ties Hailee Steinfeld teamed silver with pearls with her dress at the Vanity Fair party She wore the strapless sparkling design with a black cape draped over her shoulders. Mikey Madison repped silver at the 2025 Screen Actors Guild Awards strapless pearl-toned Louis Vuitton dress featuring a draped skirt Putting her Wicked method dressing on pause Cynthia Erivo swapped her Elphaba greens for dazzling silver at the SAG Awards featuring dramatic bell sleeves and fringed edges was drawn from Givenchy's Fall/Winter 1997 collection It was the tumble of silver curls that sprung over her eyes that really caught our attention, though. Since she returned to her pixie-cut roots back in March, Berry has experimented with different looks with her deep side parting. From electric blonde and purple to different textures, the latest style she has adopted features silver corkscrew curls. Berry proved that the grey-silver shade – which many women in their fifties avoid like the plague – is ultra flattering and actually an easy way to illuminate and draw attention to one’s skin. The ultimate Leo hairstyle, may Berry keep inspiring us with ways to switch up a short haircut – because it’s certainly working for her. theme parks and all things amusement industry I recently visited Knott’s Berry Farm for the first time as part of a Southern California theme park marathon While I was aware of the park’s diverse coaster offerings Knott’s Berry Farm’s coaster roster isn’t groundbreaking But ranking them was more difficult than I expected this is my personal ranking of Knott’s Berry Farm’s roller coasters Earning the last spot on this list is nothing to be ashamed of All seven of the Knott’s coasters that I rode offered something unique the family-friendly Pony Express was my first motorbike-style coaster The seating position significantly enhancesd what would be a rather vanilla figure-eight layout with a relatively gentle (compared to Xcelerator) 0-38 mph launch The themed trains and the tunnel at the end of the coaster were nice touches I definitely would have ridden Pony Express a second (or third) time (I can’t help but scream the name in my head when I see the “!”) is another family-friendly coaster at Knott’s Berry Farm it weaves through the Fiesta Village area of the park It was my first Zierer “Tivoli” coaster model 15-car train meanders through the 2,600+ feet of track with this ominous roar that I wasn’t expecting from such a small(ish) coaster For those who don’t like steep drops or sudden turns The stretched-out train is limited in the maneuvers it can make was the track “threading” Montezooma’s Revenge’s loop (see below for a photo) Our train was timed nearly perfectly so that we passed through the loop as a Montezooma’s Revenge train flipped overhead gets extra points for a relatively well themed queue and station Montezooma’s Revenge is the oldest coaster at Knott’s Berry Farm The increasingly rare Schwarzkopf shuttle loop model is nestled within the Fiesta Village section of the park One of three launched coasters at Knott’s Berry Farm Montezooma’s Revenge is smack dab in the middle of the launch intensity spectrum of Pony Express to Xcelerator It’s forceful but a great stepping stone for coaster enthusiasts who are working their way toward Xcelerator the brief moments of floater air on both of the spikes were highlights you can’t beat the lap bar-only restraints Knott’s seems to be taking good care of this gem I hope it remains a staple at the park for many years to come Even before my visit to Knott’s Berry Farm I passed a piece of the coaster (likely from the vertical loop) on the interstate outside of Memphis The section of track was en route to California likely from the B&M track fabrication plant in Batavia I was hoping I would someday see the rest of the coaster I’m a sucker for roller coasters squeezed into small spaces that prove “if there’s a will there’s a way.” I think that’s why I found ranking Knott’s coasters so challenging So many of them are creatively weaved into the park’s existing infrastructure I didn’t expect Silver Bullet to be as forceful as it was The over-banked turn following the vertical loop was a surprisingly fun element I also enjoyed the two snappy corkscrews at the end of the ride I loved how visible the coaster was from inside and outside of the park From the cobra roll that towers over the park entrance to the twisted mess of steel above the small lake there are plenty of vantage points for onlookers GhostRider is arguably the most popular ride at Knott’s Berry Farm Between its location near the front of the park and the nearly 3-minute ride time it maintains a long line throughout the day which crawled at a snail’s pace (and that is a generous comparison) but after three full days of walking around theme parks The coaster’s compact layout actually leaves the park’s boundaries which parallels the park’s entrance plaza The nighttime ride wasn’t pitch-black but I had a hard time bracing for whatever element was ahead And since Great Coasters International refurbished the ride in 2015 and 2016 The new Millennium Flyer trains race through the coaster’s dense structure with more “head-chopper” moments than I could count I don’t normally “gray out” on roller coasters Intimidator 305 at Kings Dominion is one of a few that comes to mind But something about Xcelerator gave me fairly intense tunnel vision That confirmed my suspicion that Xcelerator is an incredible Intamin launched coaster The 0-82 mph launch in 2.3 seconds was exhilarating — by far one of the most intense I’ve experienced The view from the pinnacle of the 20-story top hat element was short but mesmerizing The two over-banked turns that followed were where the tunnel vision set in Xcelerator is a can’t-miss coaster at Knott’s Berry Farm Ride it as soon as you can as it typically only operates with one train I’m fascinated by large coasters that are crammed into small plots of land HangTime occupies a space formerly occupied by a Vekoma boomerang Yet you’d never know it while your train is careening through the coaster’s nearly 2,200 feet of track at 57 mph The coaster’s teal blue track nearly blended in with the clear sky on my visit The vertical lift towers 15 stories above the Boardwalk area of the park beyond-vertical drop is one of the steepest I’ve ever experienced The pause at the edge of the drop brought out the whitest of whites in my knuckles The negative-g stall loop was funky and fresh — unlike any other inversion I’ve experienced in recent memory But the fact that coaster manufacturer Gerstlauer was able to do so much with such little real estate is an impressive feat I hope we see more of these “Infinity Coaster” models in the U.S The coaster also gets extra points for its jaw-dropping light package Seeing the coaster’s track come to life at night is worth sticking around for Don’t miss our full review of HangTime here I thoroughly enjoyed my day at Knott’s Berry Farm And the park offers so much more than roller coasters I could have easily spent another day at the park exploring the smaller attractions It is overflowing with history — you owe it to yourself to learn more about the park’s past How would you rank Knott’s Berry Farm’s roller coasters Share your list in the comments section below John Stevenson founded Coaster101 in 2005 and travels across the country visiting theme parks and riding roller coasters having written a history book about his hometown amusement park which was the home of Elvis Presley's favorite roller coaster John currently lives in Nashville and considers Dollywood his "home away from home" park What about coast rider and sierra sidewinder Sierra sidewinder is fun but on coast rider the shin gaurds ruin the ride Δdocument.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value" This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed. Coaster101.com is your online destination for all of the ins-and-outs and twists-and-turns of roller coasters and the amusement industry. We are a group of coaster enthusiasts, authors, engineers and thrill-seeking adrenaline fanatics. Learn more about us here Coaster101 Park Mania 2025: The Finals! Did the Infamous Flip Flap Railway Truly Hit a Neck-Snapping 12 Gs? The Coaster101 Podcast: Coaster101 Goes to Epic Universe Six Flags America Closing After 2025 Season Announcing The 2025 Coaster101 Park Mania Champion: Kings Island! This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks The action you just performed triggered the security solution There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page Ashley Berry and Dage Minors added to Bermuda’s Carifta Games medal haul by claiming silver and bronze on the second day of competition in Jamaica.The medals took the Island’s tally to four following the two bronze medals won on the opening day.Berry the top ranked 3,000 metre runner in the Caribbean competed alongside compatriot Zakiyyah Showers and claimed second place in a time of ten minutes 17 seconds behind Hughnique Rolle of Bahamas in the Open Female category.Showers was fourth across the line in a time of 11 minutes the sole representative for Bermuda in the U-17 3,000m grabbed third place in a time of nine minutes a promising result for the youngster.Also in yesterday’s events Chas Smith just missed out on a podium spot in the high jump final finishing fourth with a leap of 1.85 metres while Alison Outerbridge claimed fifth in the U-20 triple jump with a leap of 11.71 metres.Victoria Clarke was good enough to make the U-17 Girls 200m final after finishing third in her heat in a time of 24.4 while Tyra Stovell made a good account of herself finishing 14th overall.In the U-17 Boys relay the local contingent claimed fourth spot in a time of 43.11 while Jamaica claimed top honours.In the morning session Kyrah Scraders and Shaquille Dill both qualified for the 800m U-17 Girls and U-10 Boys final respectively.Dill tipped by many to podium in this year ‘s Games a time that ensures him third spot in the main event.Scraders made it to the final by placing fourth in her heat with a time of two minutes good enough to get her seventh spot heading into the final.In Saturday’s action Scraders and Justin Donawa both scooped bronze medals for Bermuda in on the opening day of the Games.Scraders won a bronze in the under-17 girls 1500 metres in a time of four minutes 52.55 seconds came third in the under-17 boys triple jump with a leap of 13.47m.Narrowly missing out on a bronze was Taylor-Ashley Bean who placed fourth in the under-20 girls 1500m in a time of 4:51.17 while Ashley Berry came ninth in the same race.In the under-20 category Juma Mouchette finished 8th in the boys 1500m (4:17.18) Kyle Godfrey came 16th overall in the boys 400m dash and Jer-Quan Symonds placed eighth in boys 100m final (10.88m) Also competing in the boys 100m was Jeneko Place who finished 14th overall with a time of 10.97.Bermuda’s first competitor on Saturday was Keizhari Knight in the under-17 girls high jump who recorded a “no height” result.In the under-17 girls 400m while Rachel Fox finished 14.Both Kyle Webb and Jaret Simmons failed to reach the under-17 boys 100m finals while Simmons posted a time of 11.58 to place 16th.Victoria Clarke finished 15th in the under-/17 girls 100m (12.59) Shawnae Brangman finished 11th with a time of 12.30.The 40th Carifta Games are being held at the Catherine Hall Sports Complex in Montego Bay Which of the Throne Speech promises is the Government best equipped to deliver on View Results Producer Joel Silver says bullets and bare breasts mean big box office Pokemon GO Berries are a crucial tool that can significantly boost your odds of success and even doubling the amount of candy you receive From the ubiquitous Razz Berry to the more specialized Pinap and Nanab Berries each variant serves a unique purpose in aiding trainers in their quest to catch 'em all This guide dives into the five main berries: Razz and when to use them strategically to maximize your capture potential Check out the current Pokemon GO raid bosses that you can encounter in-game your reliable companion for everyday encounters This red berry is all about increasing your catch rate While the exact boost isn't precisely known it's estimated to nudge the odds slightly in your favor Razz Berries are perfect for taming those stubborn Pokemon that keep escaping your Poke Balls or for giving yourself a little extra security when trying to snag a Pokemon with a higher Combat Power (CP) Razz Berries in Pokemon GO are unlocked at Trainer Level 8 They're relatively common and can be acquired from Gyms the next time a determined Pokemon shakes free don't despair - a Razz Berry might just be the helping hand you need The Nanab Berry is a Pokemon GO trainer's secret weapon for calming down restless Pokemon It excels at slowing down a Pokemon's movement and is particularly useful for those that jump around or attack frequently making it difficult to land a well-aimed Poke Ball the Pokemon's erratic movements become more predictable allowing you to time your throws perfectly and improve your chances of catching them Nanab Berries are especially helpful for new players who are still getting the hang of throwing Poke Balls or for encounters with particularly rare or powerful Pokemon you don't want to waste resources on Nanab Berries become available once you reach Trainer Level 4 you'll have a chance of snagging some from spinning PokeStops They're also sometimes included as rewards for leveling up or completing Research tasks The Pinap Berry is a must-have for any ambitious Pokemon GO trainer looking to maximize their candy haul doubles the amount of candy you receive upon successfully catching a Pocket Monster This is especially useful for rare Pokemon or those you're trying to evolve quickly Pinap Berries become available once you reach Trainer Level 18. After that, you can snag them by spinning PokeStops and Gyms completing Research Tasks (both Field and Special) so use them wisely to accelerate your candy collection and power up your Pokemon The crown jewel of Pokemon GO's berry selection is the Golden Razz Berry it significantly increases your catch rate by a whopping 2.5x This makes Golden Razz Berries invaluable for encounters with rare or legendary Pokemon But trainers can also use Golden Razz Berries on Pokemon stationed at gyms these will completely restore a gym defender's motivation meter Obtaining Golden Razz Berries requires a bit more effort compared to their common cousins they are primarily rewarded after defeating Raid Bosses so participating in Raid Battles is the most reliable way to stock up on these golden guardians of catch rates The rarest but most rewarding berry in your Pokemon GO arsenal is the Silver Pinap Berry This prized berry combines the benefits of a Razz Berry and a Pinap Berry Feeding a Silver Pinap Berry to a wild Pokemon before throwing a Poke Ball increases your catch rate by roughly 1.8 times and doubles the amount of candy you receive upon successful capture this candy bonus is even greater than a standard Pinap Berry These aren't scattered abundantly at PokeStops but they can be earned through specific means both Field Research and Weekly Adventure Sync rewards can grant you Silver Pinap Berries they've been offered as rewards during past events and may make a reappearance in future celebrations Keep an eye out for Special Research tasks or challenging Raid Battles as these could hold the key to unlocking a stash of Silver Pinap Berries 🚨 Calculate the Pokemon type effectiveness to win battles with our newly launched Pokemon GO Type Calculator 🚨 Your perspective matters!Start the conversation 11:55Save for laterSave for laterNianticLooking to snag some Pinap Berries in Pokemon Go before the next Community Day Here’s our guide on the tasty little treat what they do and what Silver Pinap Berries are If there’s one thing Pokemon Go fans love, it’s a good Community Day These see trainers all around the globe come together to snag a specific Pokemon Gible will be the next ‘Mon to have a day dedicated to it, but this has already causes tempers to flare within Niantic’s fanbase as many believe the Pokemon and its popular evolutions will be deemed less rare as a result of the event it’s worth stocking up on all the necessary supplies before the Community Day kicks off Pinap Berries are one of these essentials: but what are they and where do you get them These little pineapple inspired treats are the best suited berry to Community Days you’ll be rewarded with twice the Pokemon Candy if you catch it This is even more effective on mid-stage and final-stage evolution Pokemon as these will drop five and 10 Candies respectively that you’ll have to be level 18 to start getting them so make sure you’re ready to grind get the most out of the Community Day Getting Pinap Berries isn’t the hardest task in the world Here’s the main ways to grab a bunch of berries: Silver Pinap Berries are just what they say on the tin – Pinap Berries but dyed silver instead of their usual yellow Pokemon Go Tyrogue Hatch Day event guide These elusive little treats improve a Pokemon’s catch chances by 1.8x alongside multiplying the amount of candy received from the catch by 2.3x For those of you who aren’t into doing the maths it’s a lot tougher to get these berries than it is to get their normal variant Here’s all the ways you can obtain silver Pinap Berries: So that’s everything you need to know about Pokemon Go’s tastiest little treat! If you fancy reading some more Pokemon Go content while chowing down on some Pinap Berries, make sure you check out our dedicated Pokemon Go hub! data mining is growing into a niche role of its own posing as somewhat of a sneak peek at upcoming features and this is not only the case with Pokemon GO Perhaps the most popular current example of this would be Epic's Fortnite: Battle Royale and it seems like the company isn't even fighting it anymore data miners uncovered the Silver Pinap Berry which is yet to be officially added to the game Even though Pokemon GO files reference to it as golden_pinap_berry it has since been confirmed that the Silver variant is something different Described as a combo between the Pinap and Razz Berries and said to be the reward for one of the Special Research tasks feeding the Silver Pinap Berry to a Pokemon will make it easier for trainers to catch them It will also earn them more Candy when they do with the exact amounts being two times the Candy and 1.8 times the capture chance The miners also revealed the new Johto Festival field research quests as follows: Also added to the game are six brand new Shiny Gen 2 Pokemon Other than having slightly altered colour schemes you'll be able to tell Shiny Pokemon apart from the glitter animation Niantic have already revealed that with Celebi being from the Johto region you should expect a higher likelihood of his compatriots appearing Niantic says that Celebi "appear only during peaceful times" so I think it's safe to assume Pokemon don't watch the news these days Our reviews are published on OpenCritic platform.