This webpage uses Cookies and JavaScript in order to work properly
We strongly recommend to enable those technologies in yur browser
In case of wrongly displayed content you can request necessary information at e-mail address wwwadmin@mzv.cz
<a href="#menu_container">Skip to menu</a>
(This article expired 25.04.2025 / 05:00.)
Minister of Foreign Affairs Jan Lipavský will pay a working visit to Tunisia from 23rd&nbsp; to 24th April 2025
The head of Czech diplomacy will hold talks with his counterpart Mohamed Ali Nafti on the security situation in the southern Mediterranean region
who will open the Czech-Tunisian Business Forum in Tunis
will be accompanied by a business delegation organised by the Confederation of Industry of the Czech Republic
The visit will also include the signing of a memorandum of cooperation between the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic and the International Diplomatic Academy in Tunis.&nbsp;&nbsp;
Minister Lipavský will speak at a press briefing prior to his departure on Wednesday 23rd April 2025 at 16:45 at Kbely Airport
Arrival of journalists at Kbely Airport is until 15:45.&nbsp;&nbsp;
If you are interested in attending the press briefing, please submit an accreditation request (in the format of name, editorial office, position, phone number, ID number) to the following email: <a class="Hyperlink SCXW48447741 BCX8" href="mailto:karolina.rezkova@mzv.gov.cz" target="_blank">karolina.rezkova@mzv.gov.cz</a>&nbsp; by 11am on Tuesday 22nd April.&nbsp;
Prague V&aacute;clav Havel Airport (formerly Prague Ruzyne Airport) is the international gateway to Prague
unless stated and was provided by OAG Schedules Analyser and CAPA - Centre for Aviation
&nbsp;The data highlighted in this article is just one of 3,000+ airline profiles available as part of <a href="https://centreforaviation.com/membership?_sp=6ac25670-a90a-4fa0-a54a-135fd3819a15">CAPA Membership</a>. To learn more about CAPA&rsquo;s comprehensive news, data and analysis, <a href="https://centreforaviation.com/membership?_sp=6ac25670-a90a-4fa0-a54a-135fd3819a15">book a demo with one our team of experts here</a>
insight and analysis from our award-winning editors delivered to your inbox daily
<a href="/articles/s40494-024-01212-6/metrics" data-track="click" data-track-action="view metrics" data-track-label="link" rel="nofollow">Metrics details</a>
The paper presents a study on corrosion prediction for preventive aeronautical heritage protection
considering the aeronautical heritage stored or exhibited in an aviation museum
the hangar with exhibited historical aircraft of significant cultural and societal value is located in the Aviation Museum Kbely
such a preventive approach to protecting the aircraft heritage constituted from ancient aluminum alloys
and environmental data are acquired and interrelated with measured corrosion data to find a statistical model describing atmospheric corrosion in the hangar environment
The statistical model searched represents a Gaussian process based on a likelihood approach
the Gaussian process model is regressed to predict the corrosion of aluminum alloy-based artifacts in the monitored hangar with the marginal likelihood that is compared to machine learning-based prediction
it is shown that atmospheric corrosion is accurately predicted only when
a synergistic effect of airborne pollutants and wind speed is considered
are primarily stored in aviation museums’ hangars
the threshold for localized corrosion is lower than for general corrosion
necessitating more stringent conditions to initiate corrosion in the same environment
the fine particles are reactive with surfaces’ material differently
with minimal prerequisite knowledge of the corrosion process
We demonstrate this approach through a case study on corrosion prediction-based preventive protection of aeronautical heritage
particularly within an aviation museum setting
</a>Site map of the Aviation museum Kbely with six exhibition hangars marked with numbers 2
In the following, the case study on corrosion prediction for preventive protection of aeronautical heritage is carried out considering the aeronautical heritage stored or exhibited in the Aviation Museum Kbely, Prague, Czech Republic.
First of all, the meteorological data for the Aviation Museum Kbely are acquired from Kbely Air Base—METAR LKKB (Meteorological Terminal Air Report). The Czech Hydrometeorological Institute brings in the airborne pollution overview based on the air quality index evaluated for the location of Prague-Kbely.
</a>Logger AirCorr I placement in the monitored hangar within aircraft Ilyushin IL-2m3 Shturmovik. Overall view (left). Detail on aircraft intake (right)
</a>Placement of transmitter GDLM10 from Eltek in the monitored hangar
Thereby the wooden rear fuselage is coated with fabric
Regarding De Havilland DH-82A Tiger Moth Mk
II it was also constructed with a wooden fuselage
while Morane Saulnier MS-230 is produced from plymax
a thin sheet of duralumin bonded to a thicker sheet of plywood
In the case of Messerschmitt Me 262 Schwalbe
its jet engine was made of mild sheet steel with an aluminum coating
A sandwich structure composed of aluminum alloy parts (beyond others) represents the historic WWII aircraft construction
to measure the corrosion depth of the sensing cooper
The measurement of corrosion in a single place is allowed because no different microclimates occur across all the places
that the microclimates in the two other monitored locations in the hangar do not differ significantly from that at the logger AirCorr I location
is presented in Appendix A (A.1 Microclimates from three monitored locations)
the sensor material used in the logger AirCorr I is copper concerning the corrosive effects caused by these factors
including (naturally ventilated) airflow in the monitored hangar
The data acquired by the logger AirCorr I and the transmitter GDLM10 are recorded in Fig. <a data-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="/articles/s40494-024-01212-6#Fig4">4</a>. In the subsequent Fig. <a data-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="/articles/s40494-024-01212-6#Fig5">5</a>, the detail of acquired environmental and corrosivity data is presented, showing these data during winter.
</a>Detail of Figure <a data-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="/articles/s40494-024-01212-6#Fig4">4</a> within winter
As apparent from the detail in Fig. <a data-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="/articles/s40494-024-01212-6#Fig5">5</a>
freezing-warming cycles around \(\pm 10 ^{\circ }\)C take place
indicating potential water condensation/deposition; for more details
</a>One-year data of wind speed obtained from weather station in Prague-Kbely—daily averages
The measure of airborne pollution adsorption/absorption on the material surface is the surface removal rate given by
This is more discussed in section  Pollutant deposition determination
Based on the knowledge of pollutant deposition velocities on the material surface
the rates of pollutant deposition are calculated as follows:
The following section determines the deposition of airborne pollutants present in the hangar environment on the aluminum material surface
see Appendix B Pollution deposition on heritage aircraft surfaces
</a>One-year pollution data measured from weather stations in Prague-Holesovice and Prague-Riegrovy sady and indoor pollution calculated for min-max air exchange rate–daily averages
</a>Calculated pollutants’ deposition rate on aluminum artifact surface when \(n = 0.5~{\hbox {h}}^{-1}\)
While the indoor infiltration of \({\hbox {NO}}_{2}\) and \({\hbox {O}}_{3}\) averages higher than that of \({\hbox {SO}}_{2}\)
the deposition velocity of \({\hbox {SO}}_{2}\) is an order of magnitude greater compared to \({\hbox {NO}}_{2}\) and \({\hbox {O}}_{3}\)
a likelihood approach to atmospheric corrosion prediction is favored due to its rigorous modeling of the aircraft corrosion process
</a>Correlation matrix of measured variables
contributes in reality to the corrosion process by acting as a carrier of gaseous pollution and moisture in the air
A synergistic effect of airborne pollution and wind speed on the corrosion takes place
as shown in section  Comparison with machine learning models
To accept the wind speed as the next input into the GP model
the p-value of the null hypothesis that the wind speed does not affect the corrosion is determined at a value less than 0.001; for more details
see Appendix A (A.3 Null hypothesis of no wind speed effect)
as a matter of severity from all the airborne pollutants measured
only the p-value in case of \({\hbox {PM}}_{10}\) exceeds 0.001; thus
\({\hbox {PM}}_{10}\) is involved in the statistical corrosion modeling due to chlorides participated on \({\hbox {PM}}_{10}\)
as reviewed in section  Airborne pollution monitoring
Note that the correlation analysis and statistical measures are evaluated for outdoor \({\hbox {PM}}_{10}\) concentration
The concentration of coarse particles generated indoors is not measured or known
their deposits on heritage aircraft surfaces are effectively mitigated as surveyed in section  Pollutant deposition determination
Based on the correlation analysis and statistical measures
the stochastic process of atmospheric corrosion is modeled as the Gaussian Process with four stochastic variables determined as follows: three input variables RH
given by pollutants present in the monitored hangar
The two GP corrosion models (with and without pollutants considered) are compared to each other and simultaneously confronted with measured one-year data of corrosion depth
see section  Comparison with machine learning models
The last 25 days are used for holdout prediction; see section  Prediction of aluminum alloy artifact corrosion
The 1-year data were used for training and testing models
80 % of the data were randomly shuffled and used for training
20 % of the data were also shuffled and used for testing
The window length was searched as a parameter within the training of the models
The best results are for the window of length 16 h
One more preprocessing step used in this research is Min-Max normalization
which performed better than standard normalization
In case the last 50 days are used for holdout prediction
80 % of the remaining data (after eliminating the last 25 days from 1-year data) were randomly shuffled and used for training
While 20 % of these remaining data were also shuffled and used for testing
Accuracy in prediction of aluminum alloy artifact corrosion is shown and compared with that accuracy in prediction in the case of both the last 25 days and the last 50 days of holdout predictions; for more details
see section  Prediction of aluminum alloy artifact corrosion
The results demonstrate a significant improvement when pollutants’ concentration
The most effective regressor emerges as the Extra Trees (ET) model with \(R^2 = 0.915\) and MAPE = 0.215
\(0.4~{\hbox {h}}^{-1}&lt; n &lt; 1~{\hbox {h}}^{-1}\)) range of considered sweeping test
The residuals of the trained models (GP, KNN, and ET) are analyzed and discussed in Appendix C Residuals of the trained models. For the ET regressor, there appears to be an overfitting effect on the training data. This phenomenon might be attributed to the nature of the measured corrosion data, which consistently increments in fixed steps. As seen in Fig. <a data-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="/articles/s40494-024-01212-6#Fig5">5</a>
the changes in measured corrosion values typically occur in increments of 0.1 nm
This increment corresponds to the resolution of the corrosion sensor used in the study
when trying to improve the Extra Trees (ET) model by reducing its number of trees
its ability to predict accurately decreased
</a>Comparison of the three chosen regression methods: Gaussian Process (GP), k-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Extra Trees (ET) for the whole length of measurement
</a>Hold out prediction for both the last 25 days and the last 50 days
Comparison of all three chosen regression methods: Gaussian Process (GP)
The case with 50 days prediction demonstrated on the best regression method
Other machine learning methods should aim to exceed this standard
it is necessary to collect at least another year of data
Eliminating the wind speed and airborne pollutants
the \(R^2\) is by 0.2 worse for the chosen models
with the improvement of indoor air quality
the duralumin corrosion rate would be decreased
particularly when no synergistic effect of airborne pollutants and wind speed is in play
corrosion of modern aircraft has been predicted
and the surface conductivity of the aircraft is required to measure or estimate
The corrosion model is expected to track corrosion over longer periods
this will require comprehensive and extensive historical data sets
These data sets should include details on corrosion progression
and other weather parameters (especially wind speed)
Last but not least the air exchange rate variability falls into the data sets needed for the corrosion prediction
one is to be aware that there is a difference in the air exchange rate between the naturally ventilated spaces and the spaces with forced ventilation
While in the case of the naturally ventilated hangar
the air exchange rate effect on the corrosion of aeronautical heritage has not been discovered (also due to missing rate data measurement) in the case of the aircraft building with the forced ventilation (but without pollution filtration and heating) this rate effect on the corrosion exists very likely
As opposed to the air exchange rate effect (in a naturally ventilated hangar)
the wind speed effect on atmospheric corrosion within the hangar is very likely
as proved in the case of the Aviation Museum Kbely
airborne pollution and wind speed have a synergistic effect on atmospheric corrosion that the speed of the wind contributes to the corrosion process by acting as a carrier of airborne pollutants and moisture in the air
What rests on uncovering the potential correlation between the air exchange rate and the wind speed in the case of the hangar with forced ventilation
The machine learning (ML) approach to predict atmospheric corrosion in heritage aircraft shows promising transferability to terrestrial regions with moderate climates
it is necessary to incorporate additional inputs
particularly the effects of chlorides (sea salt spray)
into the Gaussian Process (GP) or ML models
the structure of the GP or ML models should remain capable of accurate atmospheric corrosion prediction
it is essential to use sensing materials such as aluminum alloys or other metals that are more stable yet sensitive to chlorides
A notable challenge lies in adapting this ML approach to predict heritage aircraft corrosion in tropical or cold climates
It is desirable to fine-tune selected ML models in the future
From the case study focused on the protection of the aeronautical heritage
it becomes clear that the monitored hangar requires heating to prevent freezing-warming cycles
This heating must consider an air exchange rate optimized for corrosion prevention
which should be adapted to outdoor conditions to minimize the moisture inflow and the pollution infiltration
An ideal air exchange rate is achieved when a balance is struck between the infiltration of outdoor conditions (including pollution and moisture content) and the indoor influences such as moisturizing
and dust generation that impact aircraft corrosion
despite the presence of a high-power HVAC system
it remains unused due to the high cost of operation
To mitigate water condensation/deposition on the aircraft surface
intermittent heating of the hangar is suggested in critical spaces for corrosion
low-power heating and ventilation units should be installed only for localized microclimate control
the aeronautical heritage will remain protected
the energy operation cost will be decreased opposite to the central (high-power) HVAC unit
Another mitigation precaution is to retrofit or reconstruct the monitored hangar to improve the isolation of the hangar construction or the ventilation of airflow through the installation of barriers
the wooden pavement will be installed instead of the carpets and turf rolls used for visitors to take a tour in the monitored hangar
The heritage aircraft are also to be treated (finishing
paints) to increase aluminum alloy surface quality to decrease water and pollution deposition
Regarding the museum’s collection exhibited outdoors
invasive methods of aircraft protection will be considered in the future
applying or restoring a coating on historical aircraft surfaces
This research investigates the corrosion of aeronautical heritage artifacts stored in hangars through the Gaussian process and machine learning modeling
This study focuses specifically on the corrosion of materials based on aluminum alloy
which is exacerbated by the harmful environmental conditions within these hangars
A case study is conducted using more than one year of environmental and corrosion data collected from a heritage aircraft hangar
This study examines the effectiveness of three different regression and machine learning methods—Gaussian Process regressors
and Extra Trees—in predicting the corrosion depth on aircraft surfaces
The findings reveal that k-Nearest Neighbors and Extra Trees methods outperform other regression methods
using Gaussian Process regression as a benchmark for accuracy
The corrosion depth development is monitored using a copper sensor
particularly in poorly ventilated areas of the hangar
due to similar microclimates in other two monitored areas of the hangar
suggests that similar corrosion is likely to occur in these locations as well
A significant limitation of the case study is its reliance on data solely from the Aviation Museum Kbely
with no comparative data from other heritage sites with historical aircraft
For more robust model training and longer corrosion prediction
collecting data spanning at least two years is necessary
Datasets acquired and analyzed in this study are available in the Zenodo repository: <a href="https://zenodo.org/records/10640939">https://zenodo.org/records/10640939</a>. Developed models trained and used for prediction in this study are available in the GitHub repository: <a href="https://github.com/CVUT-FS-12110/Procraft_Corrosion_Model/tree/master">https://github.com/CVUT-FS-12110/Procraft_Corrosion_Model/tree/master</a>
Millennium-long damage to building materials in London
Atmospheric corrosion of heritage metallic artefacts: processes and prevention
Model for the prediction of the time of wetness from average annual data on relative air humidity and air temperature
corrosion science and evidence-based preservation strategies for metallic heritage artefacts
Atmospheric corrosion of historical industrial structures
Review of composite sandwich structure in aeronautic applications
Study of post-World War II French aeronautical aluminium alloy and coatings: historical and materials science approach
The weathering of aluminum alloy sheet materials used in aircraft
D.C: National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics; 1934
Novel corrosion schemes for the aerospace industry
A review on anodizing of aerospace aluminum alloys for corrosion protection
Corrosion of cast aluminum alloys: a review
Role of chemical composition in corrosion of aluminum alloys
Preventive conservation and maintenance of aluminium artefacts and collections
In: Proceedings from the the 2014 International Conference ’Aluminum: History
Galvanic corrosion over World War II aircraft wrecks
Atmospheric corrosion measurements to improve understanding of galvanic corrosion of aircraft
Effect of anodizing on galvanic corrosion resistance of Al coupled to Fe or type 430 stainless steel in diluted synthetic seawater
Engineering materials: properties and selection
Modelling the long term atmospheric corrosion of aluminium alloys
Effect of atmospheric pollutant gases on the formation of corrosive condensate on aluminum
Corrosion mechanisms for aluminum exposed to the atmosphere
Real-time corrosion monitoring of aluminium alloys under chloride—contaminated atmospheric conditions
Airborne ammonia and ammonium within the Northern Adriatic area
Comparison of accelerated and atmospheric exposure tests for corrosion of aluminium alloys
Long-term atmospheric corrosion behaviour of aluminium alloys 2024 and 7075 in urban
Comparability and accuracy of time of wetness sensing methods relevant for atmospheric corrosion
Corrosion aggressivity of atmospheres (derivation and classification)
AC impedance study on the atmospheric corrosion of aluminum under periodic wet–dry conditions
The influence of relative humidity and temperature on the acetic acid vapour-induced atmospheric corrosion of lead
Acetic and formic acids emitted from wood samples and their effect on selected materials in museum environments
Application of automated electrical resistance sensors for measurement of corrosion rate of copper
bronze and iron in model indoor atmospheres containing short-chain volatile carboxylic acids
Wetting phenomena and time of wetness in atmospheric corrosion: a review
Development of a methodology to predict atmospheric corrosion severity using corrosion sensor technologies
Post-excavation changes in iron antiquities
Compilation of tables of surface deposition velocities for \({\text{ O }}_{3}\)
\({\text{ NO }}_{2}\) and \({\text{ SO }}_{2}\) to a range of indoor surfaces
Dry deposition velocities as a function of particle size in the ambient atmosphere
Comparison of atmospheric corrosion rates of wires and flat panels
Monitoring for gaseous pollutants in museum environments—(tools for conservation)
Canada: Control Strategies and Preservation Management
Corrosion threshold data of metallic materials in various operating environment of offshore wind turbine parts (tower
Air quality in archives housed in historic buildings: assessment of concentration of indoor particles of outdoor origin
Fine particulate matter in indoor cultural heritage: a literature review
Measurement of particulate matter in a heritage building using optical counters: long-term and spatial analyses
emission and deposition in the Diocesan Museum in Udine
Italy to Assess Soiling of Giambattista Tiepolo’s Wall Paintings
Modeling of the aerosol infiltration characteristics in a cultural heritage building: the Baroque Library Hall in Prague
The effect of particle resuspension during walking activity to \({\text{ PM }}_{10}\) mass and number concentrations in an indoor microenvironment
Resuspension of particulate matter from carpet due to human activity
Characterization of indoor and outdoor atmospheric pollutants impacting architectural monuments: the case of San Jerónimo Monastery (Granada
filtration and passive sorption on indoor air quality in museum storage rooms
The distribution of soiling by coarse particulate matter in the museum environment
Corrosivity measurements of indoor museum environments using lead coupons as dosimeters
Microstructure analysis of corrosion resistance of cast AlCu4Mg1 alloy
Elaboration of an optical fibre corrosion sensor for aircraft applications
Real-time monitoring of indoor air corrosivity in cultural heritage institutions with metallic electrical resistance sensors
Standardized assessment of cultural heritage environments by electrical resistance measurements
Corrosion monitoring in archives by the electrical resistance technique
Real-time monitoring of the degradation of metallic and organic coatings using electrical resistance sensors
Oxygen monitoring in the corrosion and preservation of metallic heritage artefacts
Corrosion and conservation of cultural heritage metallic artefacts
In situ measurement of oxygen consumption to estimate corrosion rates
Developing a likelihood-based modeling approach to predict atmospheric corrosion rates using corrosion sensor technologies
In: Proceedings of the CORROSION 2021 (2021)
The prediction of atmospheric corrosion from meteorological and pollution parameters-I
Analysis of long-term atmospheric corrosion results from ISO CORRAG program
The classification system of ISO 9223 standard and the dose-response functions assessing the corrosivity of outdoor atmospheres
Evaluation of 4-year atmospheric corrosion of carbon steel
copper and zinc in a coastal military airport in Greece
Gaussian process models for robust regression
Atmospheric corrosion of fire-gilded bronze: corrosion and corrosion protection during accelerated ageing tests
Pollution and moisture infiltration effect assessment based on data-driven analysis for aircraft heritage protection
In: E3S Web of Conferences 356—16th ROOMVENT Conference (ROOMVENT 2022)
Atmospheric corrosion prediction: a review
Statistical prediction of atmospheric corrosion from atmospheric-pollution parameters
Pract Period Hazard Toxic Radioact Waste Manage
Unification of the deterministic and statistical approaches for predicting localized corrosion damage
Statistical characterization of pitting corrosion- part 2: probabilistic modeling for maximum pit depth
Stochastic modeling of pitting corrosion: a new model for initiation and growth of multiple corrosion pits
Modeling of pitting corrosion damage based on electrochemical and statistical methods
A generic statistical methodology to predict the maximum pit depth of a localized corrosion process
Stochastic modeling of pitting corrosion in aluminum alloys
Cellular automation approach to model aircraft corrosion pit damage growth
Automated corrosion detection in Oddy test coupons using convolutional neural networks
Modeling the environmental dependence of pit growth using neural network approaches
A support vector machine-based ensemble algorithm for pitting corrosion modeling of EN 1.4404 stainless steel in sodium chloride solutions
Reviewing machine learning of corrosion prediction in a data-oriented perspective
Improvement of the machine learning-based corrosion rate prediction model through the optimization of input features
Prediction of the indoor climate in cultural heritage buildings through machine learning: first results from two field tests
Hangar environment monitoring for corrosion risk assessment and aeronautical heritage protection
Stabilisation de moteurs d’avions immergés
La conservation-restauration de l’aluminium aéronautique: regard rétrospectif
Long term corrosion of aluminium materials of heritage: analysis and diagnosis of aeronautic collection
First step in the PROCRAFT Project on WWII aircraft heritage: Investigation and conservation of the aluminium alloys
Historical primers and paints used for aeronautical protection and colouring during WWII: a multi-techniques approach on archaeological parts
Military History Institute Prague: The Aviation Museum Kbely. Accessed: 10 Feb 2023. 2023. <a href="https://www.vhu.cz/en/english-summary" data-track="click_references" data-track-action="external reference" data-track-value="external reference" data-track-label="https://www.vhu.cz/en/english-summary">https://www.vhu.cz/en/english-summary</a>
The Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic—the Military History Institute Prague
Becker J, Diler E. Atmospheric corrosion loggers. Accessed: 10 Feb 2023 (2023). <a href="https://www.institut-corrosion.fr/activities/aircorr-loggers-aircorr/?lang=en" data-track="click_references" data-track-action="external reference" data-track-value="external reference" data-track-label="https://www.institut-corrosion.fr/activities/aircorr-loggers-aircorr/?lang=en">https://www.institut-corrosion.fr/activities/aircorr-loggers-aircorr/?lang=en</a>
Eltek Ltd. Touring Transmitters with built-in temperature/RH and temperature sensors. Accessed 10 Feb 2023. 2023. <a href="https://www.eltekdataloggers.co.uk/" data-track="click_references" data-track-action="external reference" data-track-value="external reference" data-track-label="https://www.eltekdataloggers.co.uk/">https://www.eltekdataloggers.co.uk/</a>
ISO 9223: Corrosion of metals and alloys—corrosivity of atmospheres—classification
Trace elements and chemical speciation of atmospheric particulates
Utah Department of Environmental Quality: Particulate Chloride in the Urban Environment. Accessed: 15 Jan 2024. 2024. <a href="https://deq.utah.gov/air-quality/particulate-chloride-in-the-urban-environment" data-track="click_references" data-track-action="external reference" data-track-value="external reference" data-track-label="https://deq.utah.gov/air-quality/particulate-chloride-in-the-urban-environment">https://deq.utah.gov/air-quality/particulate-chloride-in-the-urban-environment</a>
Indoor air pollution in museums: prediction models and control strategies
Ali M. PyCaret: an open source, low-code machine learning library in Python. Accessed: 10 July 2023 (2020). <a href="https://www.pycaret.org" data-track="click_references" data-track-action="external reference" data-track-value="external reference" data-track-label="https://www.pycaret.org">https://www.pycaret.org</a>
<a data-track="click" data-track-action="download citation references" data-track-label="link" rel="nofollow" href="https://citation-needed.springer.com/v2/references/10.1186/s40494-024-01212-6?format=refman&amp;flavour=references">Download references</a>
This research was carried out in the scope of the PROCRAFT project within the JPICH Conservation and Protection Call
supported by the following national funding organizations: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR
Ministry of Universities and Research (MUR
Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering
and CO were responsible for conceptualization
MK\(^{1}\) and CO performed data mining and machine learning modeling; GS organized sensor installation
TV and MK\(^{2}\) supervised and reviewed the paper; EG and JE were responsible for project management and funding acquisition; All authors contributed to the final manuscript
All authors read and approved the final manuscript
The authors declare that they have no competing interests
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations
The Table <a data-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="table anchor" href="/articles/s40494-024-01212-6#Tab6">6</a> shows that air temperatures and relative humidities from three locations within the monitored hangar are correlated to each other
the measurement in only one place is justified to be used for the corrosion model training and model-based corrosion prediction
This fact is not approved with the correlation coefficient resulting in insignificant \(-0.25\)
nonetheless the expectation that the air exchange rate increases with the wind speed is not proved
no correlation between the air exchange rate and the corrosion rate is found; thus
the correlation coefficient results close to zero
To accept the wind speed as the next input into the GP and machine learning models
the p-value of the null hypothesis that the wind speed has no effect on the corrosion is determined at value less than 0.001
Hence the wind speed and its synergistic effect on the atmospheric corrosion of the aeronautical heritage becomes very likely
Note that the effect of air exchange rate variability on the pollutant deposition rate is modest to nearly negligible as shown on the sensitivity analysis based on stepwise increasing air exchange rate in section  Pollutant deposition determination
In Fig. <a data-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="/articles/s40494-024-01212-6#Fig12">12</a>, the residuals of the trained ET model is shown. From the figure, it is obvious that the mean value of the residuals is close to zero. However, the distribution is not normal. Due to this fact, the White test of heteroscedasticity was performed, resulting in rejecting heteroscedasticity.
On the other hand, GP and KNN residuals resulted in normal distribution according to the Shapiro test.
</a>Corrosion prediction error for ET regression
unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data
<a data-test="citation-link" data-track="click" data-track-action="download article citation" data-track-label="link" data-track-external="" rel="nofollow" href="https://citation-needed.springer.com/v2/references/10.1186/s40494-024-01212-6?format=refman&amp;flavour=citation">Download citation</a>
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-024-01212-6
Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:
a shareable link is not currently available for this article
Theoretical and Applied Climatology (2024)
Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science
(This article expired 12.03.2025 / 17:00.)
Minister Jan Lipavský will pay a working visit to Iceland from 12th to 13th March 2025
In addition to a meeting with the Minister of Foreign Affairs
and with the Chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the Icelandic Parliament
The Minister&#39;s visit is closely related to the current political and security situation in Europe and precedes the upcoming involvement of the Czech Air Force in the NATO Air Policing mission in Iceland from the end of May to the beginning of July this year.&nbsp;&nbsp;
Iceland is also an interesting trading partner for the Czech Republic
The visit aims to build on the export successes of Czech brewers
car manufacturers and the construction company Metrostav and to create conditions for the successful development of trade and economic relations between the Czech Republic and Iceland.&nbsp;
Minister Lipavský will speak at a press briefing prior to his departure on Wednesday 12 March 2025 at 17:45 at Kbely Airport
Arrival of media at Kbely Airport is until 16:45.&nbsp;&nbsp;
If you are interested in attending the press briefing, please submit your accreditation (in the format of name, editorial office, position, phone number) to the following email: <a class="Hyperlink SCXW67221903 BCX8" href="mailto:karolina.rezkova@mzv.gov.cz" target="_blank">karolina.rezkova@mzv.gov.cz</a> by Monday
Today I have another place in Prague for you
but definitely worth visiting &#8211; Aviation Museum Kbely
or rather the Aviation Museum is located almost outside Prague
Right next to it there are bus stops so access is also possible by public transport
or rather Vojenský historický ústav Praha: Letecké Muzeum Kbely is a free attraction
there is a free car park about 100 meters from the entrance to the museum
On its site you will find both machines standing in the air and in hangars
and the exhibitions refer to different periods in the history of Czech aviation
In addition to the aircraft in the hangars
we also find uniforms from particular periods
accessories accompanying flying and other vehicles
Among the machines are both military and passenger
and attentive observers will find even a cosmic accent
The museum has 275 aircraft in its collection
including a two-seater training version of the Messerschmitt
the museum is one of the largest in Europe
85 exhibits are available for visitors in the exhibition halls and 25 outside
gliders and other machines that have something in common with flying
which is close to the operating military airport (zone on the right from the main entrance to the museum)
There is a souvenir shop connected more or less with airplanes and a restaurant-cafe
There is also a small external exposition next to them
where you can see a radar stand and two rocket launchers
I think this is an interesting place for everyone
We take the metro (line C &#8211; red) to the final station in the north &#8211; Letňany
The Aviation Museum Kbely is open from May to October from 10.00-18.00 except Mondays
My name is Jakub Juszyński and I create this place
<a href="http://patronite.pl/JakubJuszynski" target="_blank" rel="noopener"></a>
Nie zabraknie tu lokalnych smaków i ciekawostek
2013-2023 © tymrazem.pl | made with ♥ by <a href="https://fajne.studio" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">fajne studio kreatywne</a>
				Listen to this BosNewsLife News report via Vatican News 
Chief International Correspondent BosNewsLife
PRAGUE/BUDAPEST (<a href="http://bosnewslife.com">BosNewsLife</a>)&#8211; The Czech Republic has welcomed home the human remains of Cardinal Josef Beran
seen as a symbol of defiance of the former Communist government which forced him into exile in the Vatican
always wanted to be buried in his homeland
He had been buried there in a particular privilege usually only reserved for popes
government and church leaders recalled a man who became archbishop in 1946 after surviving the Nazis&#8217; Dachau concentration camp during World War Two
Following the Communist coup in 1948 in then-Czechoslovakia
He was put under house arrest and moved by the secret police from village to village
Authorities wanted to cut the ties between him and his flock
The regime jailed thousands of Catholic priests
Communists also confiscated property and destroyed churches and monasteries as they saw the church and devoted Christians as their arch-enemy
The Communist government let him leave for Rome
he always wanted to be buried at home one day
explained Stanislav Zeman who is the spokesman for the Prague archdiocese
&#8220;Because of the last will of Cardinal Josef Beran
asked to fulfill Cardinal Beran’s wish,&#8221; he told Radio Prague
there were some negotiations with the specific Vatican congregation,&#8221; Zeman added
people can pay their respects until Monday
Beran will be buried at St Vitus Cathedral
That&#8217;s the main Czech church and the seat of the archbishop of Prague
a post which Beran also held during his remarkable life
and website in this browser for the next time I comment
&#916;document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value"
Scientists say that Europe is experiencing the worst drought in 500 years
Defense Minister Jana Černochová decorated soldiers who intervened in the destructive fire of the Bohemian Switzerland National Park at the Prague Kbely airbase
Černochová thanked the soldiers for their help during which they poured almost four million liters of water on the burning site from helicopters
The soldiers flew for some 226 hours in total and assisted for 19 days
Considered the oldest ceramic statuette in the world, dating back to the Palaeolithic period, the Venus of Věstonice has gone on public display on Friday at the Moravian Museum in Brno in the Anthropos pavilions as part of an exhibition<a href="http://www.mzm.cz/nejstarsi-sperky-a-ozdoby-tela" target="_blank"> "The Oldest Body and Jewelry Ornament"</a> that will last until February 2023
Pictured here is exhibit curator Martina Galetová Ph.D
The small clay figurine representing is 11 centimeters high and 25,000 to 29,000 years old
It was discovered in 1925 in South Moravia and is rarely exhibited
This week<a href="https://www.celnisprava.cz/cz/tiskove-zpravy/2022/Stranky/Celn%C3%ADci-p%C5%99i-razi%C3%ADch-objevili-tuny-tab%C3%A1ku,-miliony-cigaret,-linku,-kter%C3%A1-zvl%C3%A1dala-p%C4%9Bt-tis%C3%ADc-cigaret-za-minutu-a-rozkryli-da%C5%88.aspx" target="_blank"> customs officers uncovered</a> tons of tobacco
and illegal production lines for the manufacturing of cigarettes and other tobacco products within two extensive raids in Prague
The police also uncovered tax evasion worth over CZK 170 million.&nbsp;The equipment recovered is capable of producing 5,000 cigarettes per minute
This week saw the opening of another <a href="https://www.expats.cz/czech-news/article/the-newly-opened-leisure-area-jammertal-brings-the-nusle-valley-back-to-life" target="_blank">newly revitalized hangout zone</a> in Prague
The Jammertal leisure area completes the restoration of the Folimanka part under the Nusle Bridge
The new multifunctional area is equipped with facilities for a number of activities and sports but has a particularly interesting connection to roller sports: the world's oldest skateboarding statue is located here
Through the weekend the Josef Vágner African Safari at the Zoo Park Dvůr Králové welcomed its <a href="https://www.facebook.com/safariparkdvurkralove/posts/pfbid08SvffwrRq3HJVF3RarngwYbQ4bQegsmDmLekH1Zbg4eMUfp3BoQAwqaDFcitxrFCl" target="_blank">traditional veteran ride</a> from the Králové Palace to Ratibořice
Vintage cars took a spin among the newborn zoo babies as well as other zebras
The historic Sluneční lázně (Sunshine spa) restaurant on the banks of the Mšeno dam in Jablonec nad Nisou
Firefighters do not yet know the causes and damage
Prime Minister Petr Fiala at a commemorative meeting in Hodonín u Kunštátu on Aug
18 honored the memory of the Czech and Moravian Roma who became victims of the Holocaust during World War II
Only a tenth of the Roma population in the Czech lands survived the Nazi rampage
Czech athlete <a href="https://olympics.com/en/news/jakob-schubert-mens-boulder-lead-2022-european-sport-climbing-championships" target="_blank">Adam Ondra claimed bronze</a> at the men's joint boulder and lead event at the 2022 European sport climbing championships in Munich.&nbsp;Although Ondra earned the most points in boulder
Ondra's silver in B&amp;L compliments the other medals he won this week: bronze in the boulder and gold in lead climbing at Munich 2022
This is the final event of the European sport climbing championships
The next B&amp;L event will take place in Japan in October
BONUS PHOTO: The light installation <a href="https://www.facebook.com/events/396571649240462" target="_blank">Coral Moon by artist Jan Lamr</a> continues to illuminate Prague's riverbanks this week
It was created to suit the unique architectural space (A)void Gallery
10 of the Prague embankment.&nbsp;The work will be on display until Aug
<a href="https://www.expats.cz/newsletters?utm_source=expats&utm_medium=popup&utm_campaign=newsletter-popup-articles">Your morning coffee deserves a great companion. Why not enjoy it with our daily newsletter? News from Czechia, curated insights, and inspiring stories in English.</a>
lend Czech wine harvest festivals (vinobraní) their Bacchalian spirit
From now until early October you can attend one every weekend
<a href="http://en.muzeumprahy.cz/1127-ctenice-chateau/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Ctěnice Harvest Festival – Aug 30/Prague Vinoř</a>Live folk music
and traditional food and drink all at scenic Ctěnice castle
<a href="http://www.nceden.cz/akce/akce-centra/vinobrani-vi-rocnik/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Eden Wine Festival – Sept 4-5/NC Eden</a>A wine tasting event
and gourmet market courtesy of your local shopping center
<a href="http://www.toulcuvdvur.cz/details/3107991-dozinkovy-jarmark/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Toulcův dvůr Harvest Festival – Sept 12</a>A folksy
farmstead harvest festival which offers traditional dance lessons
<a href="http://www.praha3.cz/noviny/akce-mestske-casti/vinohradske-vinobrani-nabidne-produkty.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Vinohrady Wine Festival – Sept 11-12/Jiřího z Poděbrad Square</a>This eternally-popular event kicks off with folk music and tasting stations of the boozy burčák variety
<a href="http://www.mcpraha16.cz/Radotinske-Burcakobrani-1.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Radotín Burčákfest – Sept 12/Náměstí Sv. Petra a Pavla</a>Get your fill of young wine this year to the accompaniment of…an Elvis impersonator
<a href="http://www.mctroja.cz/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Troja Wine Festival – Sept 12/Troja Chateau</a>The courtyard of this historic chateau comes alive with flowing local vintages
<a href="http://www.botanicka.cz/hlavni-stranka/aktualni-akce/vinobrani-2015.html?page_id=5236" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Botanical Garden Wine Festival – Sept 12-13/Prague Botanical Gardens</a>Wine tastings in the Fata Morgan Greenhouse pair with jazz music and theater (tickets purchased for this event can also be used at Troja)
Troja chateau Wine Festival: Image: Facebook
<a href="http://www.repy.cz/vinobrani-v-klastere" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Řepy Wine Festival – Sept 13/Řepy Monastery Garden</a>Lively music on the mainstage
plus tastings of Czech delicacies and wine
<a href="http://malostranskevinobrani.cz/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Malostranské Wine Festival – Sept 19/Kampa Park</a>Few details were available at press time
but a plethora of festive activities and food and drink options are to be expected
<a href="http://www.praha19.cz/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Kbely Wine Festival – Sept 19/Central Park Kbely</a>Historic procession
and feasting open the autumn season in Kbely
<a href="http://www.kulturanahrade.cz/cs/dalsi-akce/dalsi-akce/vinobrani-na-prazskem-hrade-610.shtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Prague Castle Wine Festival – Sept 19-20</a>Get ready for young wine
<a href="http://vinobraninagrebovce.cz/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Grébovka Wine Festival – Sept 25-26/Havlíčkovy Park</a>The festivities for this popular event begin at Náměstí Míru on Friday and continue in Grébovka Park on Saturday; taste the award-winning wines made here and more
<a href="http://www.kunratickevinobrani.cz/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Kunratice Wine Festival – Sept 25-27/Kunratice Fortress</a>The historic seat of the Prague village of Kunratice is a charming daytrip destination and great place to sample Czech wines
The view from Villa Richter/Image: Facebook
<a href="http://www.svatovaclavskavinice.cz/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">St. Wenceslas Wine Festival – Sept 27-28/Villa Richter</a>The oldest Czech vineyard of Prague Castle offers tastings of its top vintages along with phenomenal views of the city
<a href="http://www.restaurace-bobovka.cz/cs/108-prosecke-vinobrani.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Prosek Wine Festival – Sept 27-28/Bobovka Restaurant</a>Celebrate at the Máchalka vineyards near the bobsleigh tracks and participate in the St
Wenceslas pilgrimage; family-friendly fun with medieval style merrymaking
<a href="http://www.wineofczechrepublic.cz/akce-a-novinky/kalendar-akci/7752-dobrichovicke-vinarske-slavnosti-2015.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Dobřichovice vinobraní – Aug 29/Dobřichovice Chateau</a>To showcase over 40 wineries and importers with gourmet goodies and awarding of the 2015 Wine Growers Cup
<a href="http://www.hotelport.cz/aktualne/vinobrani-u-machova-jezera-a-zabavne-odpoledne-pro-deti.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Doksy vinobraní – August 30/Hotel Port at Lake Máchova </a>Spend a family-friendly day sipping wine and enjoying the waning moments of summer Lake Mácháč
<a href="http://www.vinobranikuks.cz/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Kuks vinobraní – Sept 13/Kuks Hospital</a>Highpoints of this wine festival in the splendid garden of Czech Baroque gem are the staircase wine cascade and wine spa
<a href="https://www.expats.cz/prague/entertainment/25877-traditional-weekend-of-grape-harvest-at-melnik.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Mělník vinobraní – Sept 18-20/Náměstí Míru</a>Lots of rock bands and burčák give this event more of a music festival vibe
<a href="http://www.mkz-ltm.cz/dumkultury/vinobrani-litomerice/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Litoměřice vinobraní – Sept 18-19/Multiple locations</a>Possibly the largest wine harvest festival in Northern Bohemia
expect medieval pageantry and a rich line-up of activities and tastings
<a href="http://www.kunetickevinobrani.cz/index.php?s=93" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Kunětice vinobraní – Sept 19/Kunětická hora castle</a>Free bus transport from Pardubice and Hradec Kralove to the Kunětická hora castle site which boasts numerous winemakers and gastronomic delights
<a href="http://www.karlstejnske-vinobrani.cz/program-vinobrani/%20" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Karlštějn Vinobraní – Sept 26-27 2015/Courtyard and Castle Square</a>Among the most famed harvest festivals takes place in and around the ramparts of this Gothic stunner. Arrive via <a href="http://www.karlstejnske-vinobrani.cz/news/na-karlstejsnke-vinobrani-parnim-vlakem/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">vintage steamer train</a> this year
<a href="http://www.znojemskevinobrani.cz/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Znojmo Grape Harvest Festival – September 11-13/Multiple locations</a>Fireworks
and a parade (this year unique silver and gold coins will be thrown) are just a few of the magical events happening at this historic vintage
<a href="http://www.palavske-vinobrani.cz/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Pálava Grape Harvest Festival – September 11-14/</a><a href="http://www.palavske-vinobrani.cz/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">in Mikulov</a>If you haven’t yet been to charming Mikulov there is no better time than this festival featuring 500 area wines
Pálava Grape Harvest Festival in Mikulov/Image: Facebook
<a href="http://www.slavnostivinauh.cz/english" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Slovácko Wine Festival and Open Monuments Day – Sept 12-13/Uherské Hradiště</a>Wine festival with food
and an open door policy to explore the local monuments
<a href="http://www.valtice.eu/valticke-vinobrani-2015/a-2097" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Valtice Grape Harvest Festival – October 3-5/Multiple locations</a>Valtice region wine
Three of the originally planned four Przewalski&#8217;s horses departed from the military airport in Prague&#8217;s Kbely district to Kazakhstan at around 2.30pm yesterday
Prague Zoo is overseeing the return of the horses to the wild
one of them was restless in the transport box
Four more horses were due to be sent from Berlin by the local zoo
and the transport was postponed for 48 hours
Przewalski&#8217;s horse disappeared from the wild at the end of the 1960s
but there has since been a steadily growing population in captivity
which allowed the reintroduction of the species first to China and then to Mongolia
with nine transports of Przewalski&#8217;s horses to western Mongolia between 2011 and 2019
The aim of the project in Kazakhstan is to restore the population of wild horses there as well
Prague Zoo wants to transport around 40 horses to the Altyn Dala steppe area
&#8220;We loaded three Przewalski&#8217;s horses
but one of the stallions started to sit down in the transport box
it would have been a risk for him.&#8221;&nbsp;
The horse has to stand while being transported to get blood flow to its legs
&#8220;They could basically die during such a long transport
so these horses have to stand,&#8221; he said
Bobek said a similar transport could take place every year
The zoo selects the specific animals to be moved to the wild based on several parameters
The horses will come not only from the Prague Zoo
The zoo is preparing a similar project for the Valley of Monasteries in eastern Mongolia
Prague Zoo has been breeding Przewalski&#8217;s horses since 1932 and has kept an international stud book since 1959
Over 230 foals have been born at the zoo and its breeding and acclimatisation station in Dolni Dobrejov
There are about 850 Przewalski&#8217;s horses in the European breeding programme
and another 300 or so outside these programmes
<a href="https://brnodaily.com/advertise-here/">Advertise with us</a>
<a href="https://brnodaily.com/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a>
Brno Daily is a Czech media outlet for expats
<a href="https://brnodaily.com/partners/">Our partners</a>
people have been looking for ways to cut back on nonessential spending
That doesn’t mean cutting out cultural activities
Multiple Prague museums and galleries have free admission year-round
while others are free for select exhibits or on specific dates
A few large corporations use their art collections as a way of making contact with the public
Insurer Kooperativa and the bank Česká spořitelna&nbsp;both present highlights of their art holdings
the Senate palace opens it doors free to the public on Saturdays
always check in advance before making a trip
Some of these lesser-known venues close in between exhibit openings
Letecké muzeum Kbely: One of the city's big secrets is the aviation museum at Kbely. The complex, filled with hundreds of historical planes, is one of the largest of its type in Europe and is situated on a former military air base. It is open daily except Mondays from<a href="http://www.vhu.cz/muzea/zakladni-informace-o-lm-kbely/" target="_blank"> May to October</a>
National Memorial to the Heroes of the Heydrich Terror: The Czechoslovak paratroopers who assassinated Nazi leader Reinhard Heydrich were tracked down and killed in the crypt of the Church of Sts. Cyril and Methodius, near Karlovo náměstí. A memorial museum in <a href="http://www.vhu.cz/muzea/ostatni-expozice/krypta/" target="_blank">the crypt is open daily except Mondays</a> all year round
Infant of Prague Museum: One of the biggest attractions for religious tourists, especially from Spain and Latin America, is the Infant of Prague at the Church of Our Lady Victorious. While most people know admission to the church is free, they often miss out on the <a href="https://www.pragjesu.cz/en/museum/" target="_blank">free museum that can be found on top of a winding staircase</a> near the altar
It is open daily and has a large array of various costumes and other memorabilia
Czech National Bank: The new visitor center to the Czech National Bank on Na Příkopě&nbsp;Street is <a href="https://nc.cnb.cz/pub/en/" target="_blank">open Tuesday through Saturday</a>
Reservations are only needed for large groups
Exhibitions show the history of Czech and Czechoslovak money
and explain topics such as inflation and monetary policy
You can see historical vaults and a unique CZK 100 million gold coin
An escape game offering gaming experience in the form of a dystopian atmosphere
futuristic environments and interactive puzzles and effects that draw you into the action
Galerie Kooperativy: Art owned by insurance company Kooperativa is displayed on the third floor of the Kooperativa building at Pobřežní 21 in Karlín. The gallery holds two thematic exhibitions each year. The collection focuses on Czech artists. The <a href="https://www.koop.cz/galerie/vystavy" target="_blank">next one</a> starts Sept
Galerie České Spořitelny: The bank Česká spořitelna&nbsp;counts a large art collection among its assets. They have turned part of the impressive<a href="https://www.galerieceskesporitelny.cz/" target="_blank"> Palác ČS on Rytířská Street </a>into a gallery to showcase some of its holdings
Wallenstein Palace: The seat of the Czech Senate is open to the public every<a href="https://www.senat.cz/informace/pro_verejnost/prohlidky_senatu/index.php?ke_dni=23.8.2022&amp;O=13" target="_blank"> Saturday from April to October </a>for free tours
The main hall features impressive ceiling murals and baroque decor
You can also access the courtyards and the Wallenstein Gardens
Galerie UM: The exhibition space of the Academy of Arts, Architecture and Design in Prague (UMPRUM) features works by young artists and sometimes by famous graduates from the past. The building on náměstí Jana Palacha is <a href="https://www.umprum.cz/web/cs/galerie-um" target="_blank">open Monday to Saturday</a>
Galerie Rudolfinum: While this large art gallery does charge admission, several recent shows have been free to the public thanks to generous grants from corporate sponsors. <a href="https://www.galerierudolfinum.cz/en/" target="_blank">Check online</a> to see if the current show falls into this category
Gas Museum: You need to <a href="https://www.ppas.cz/o-nas/plynarenske-muzeum" target="_blank">make an appointment</a> to see the Gas Museum
located in the gasworks on U Plynárny&nbsp;Street in Prague 4
It covers both the history of gas in the Czech lands
and general topics related to technology and infrastructure
PRE Muzeum: Find out about the history of electricity in Bohemia at this small museum in a former substation at Vrbenského Street in Holešovice. Tours must be <a href="https://www.pre.cz/cs/profil-spolecnosti/dalsi-aktivity-pre/kultura-pre/muzeum-pre/" target="_blank">arranged in advance</a>
Petschek Palace Memorial: Arrangements must be <a href="https://www.svazbojovniku.cz/pamatnik-peckarna" target="_blank">made seven days in advance</a> to see the rooms formerly used by the Gestapo in the basement of a building on Politických vězňů Street
The building is now used by the Ministry of Industry and Trade
Tours are available from September to June
The National Gallery in Prague: The venues of the National Gallery offer free admission to select exhibits on some holidays and other days throughout the year. A list can be <a href="https://www.ngprague.cz/o-nas/stranka/oteviraci-doba-behem-statnich-svatku-a-dny-volneho-vstupu-do-ngp-v-roce-2022" target="_blank">found here</a>
The National Museum: The museum is more than just the main building. All of the venues are open for free on select national holidays, though lines can be long at the main locations. A list of the days is <a href="https://www.nm.cz/navstivte-nas/vstupenky/dny-volnych-vstupu-do-objektu-narodniho-muzea" target="_blank">here</a>
Tip: The Jewish Museum, Lobkowicz Palace, the Charles Bridge Museum, and Prague City Gallery all offer discounted admission for holders of the <a href="https://pidlitacka.cz/en/articles/slevy-vyhody" target="_blank">Lítačka transport pass</a>
The capital city of Prague has opened its <a href="https://reuse.praha.eu/" data-cwid="1891566" data-cwiad="81736" data-cu="https://reuse.praha.eu/" target="_blank">fifth re-use point in Kbely</a>
This initiative allows individuals to return functional items they no longer need to special closed containers every day
This additional collection yard is contributing to reducing the amount of waste and promoting a circular economy
alongside the four other yards in Prague 4
This effort helps to reduce the amount of municipal waste and supports the goals set forth in the Circular Prague 2030 conceptual document
Trained staff at each re-use point will assess and document the items, and ensure their proper storage. The items are then entered into the <a href="https://praho.nevyhazujto.cz/" data-cwid="1891568" data-cwiad="81736" data-cu="https://praho.nevyhazujto.cz/" target="_blank">praho.nevyhazujto.cz</a> application
Partner organizations such as non-profit organizations
and the city's social departments will be the first to see the items
Any items not used by these organizations will be made available to the public through the application for free pick up
The internet application praho.nevyhazujto.cz can also be used directly to offer items for further use
The creation of a re-use system can divert a significant amount of items from the waste management system of cities
which also includes measures in the field of the circular economy
will continue to incorporate such places where people can dispose of things meaningfully in step with its climate commitments
document.getElementById("comment").setAttribute("id","ad71d5a56595e445e6a416c87e1f463d");document.getElementById("a31dd1c797").setAttribute("id","comment");