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Bart Grugeon Plana is an investigative journalist based in Barcelona and Brussels He writes for La Directa Barcelona and Apache Belgium and is a fellow of the Climate Arena Network Bart Grugeon Plana, Jorrit Smit Jean-Baptiste Fressoz has been provoking the energy and climate debate for some time He denounces the obsession with technological solutions to climate change and advocates a reduction in the use of materials and energy Resilience is a program of Post Carbon Institute a nonprofit organization dedicated to helping the world transition away from fossil fuels and build sustainable Reposting Policy | Privacy Policy President Donald Trump makes a major sports announcement. The announcement comes amid reports Washington, D.C. will host the 2027 NFL Draft. WATCHWeather AlertSEVERE STORMS AND HEAVY RAINS   The main threats are large hail, damaging wind gusts, and heavy rains with an isolated tornado also possible. FORECASTSHARE PHOTOS & VIDEOEXCLUSIVE INTERVIEW: Tony Planaby Yami Virgin Plana is being honored with the Texas Yanaguana Award at the San Antonio Film Festival on Sunday READ MONOGRAPH Across Legal as a partner of the firm after several years working in different prestigious national and international law firms Across Legal consolidates its core business: complex corporate and cross-border transactions and increases its offer with new services in the field of funds and financial regulation “it is an honor to welcome Alex Plana as a new partner of Across Legal His experience in private equity and financial regulation will be key to strengthen our focus on complex and cross-border transactions we are particularly pleased that he is returning to what has always been his professional home This is undoubtedly a great development for the firm” The incorporation of the lawyer means the launch of a new area specialized in management companies investment funds and financial regulation and reinforces the positioning of Across Legal as a legal partner of reference in the private equity sector being able to advise the management companies of private equity entities in their main activities from the incorporation of investment funds through the financial regulation of the management companies to advice on all types of investments and divestments Alex Plana holds a degree in Law from Pompeu Fabra University a master’s degree in Legal Practice from the Instituto Superior de Derecho y Economía (ISDE) and a master’s degree in International Business Law from ESADE A lawyer with more than 13 years of experience focused on the world of venture capital he has participated in more than fifty investment rounds company acquisitions and incorporations of management companies and investment funds he is an active member of several institutions dedicated to venture capital and the financial sector being partner and professor of the Instituto de Capital Riesgo (INCARI) and collaborator of the Instituto de Estudios Financieros (IEF) He is the author of numerous doctrinal articles and papers on commercial law highlighting his contributions on sustainable and responsible investment (SRI) carried out in collaboration with entities such as INCARI and IEF CMS Portugal advises Sonepar on two companies acquisition GA_P advises on the restructuring of Bodegas Riojanas It represents the main source of information in the legal business sector in Spain and Portugal The digital magazine – and its portal – address to the protagonists of law firms and in-house lawyers The magazine is available for free on the website and on Google Play and App Store information about deals and their advisors For further information, please visit the Group’s website www.lcpublishinggroup.com Volume 3 - 2022 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fpain.2022.1088097 This article is part of the Research TopicThe Use of Neuromodulation in Treatment of Cancer PainView all articles Vertebral plana fractures are a severe form of compression fractures that can cause significant morbidity due to incapacitating pain Due to the flattening of the vertebrae in a plana fracture accessing the vertebral body transpedicularly can be difficult making traditional vertebral augmentation treatment dangerous These injuries also typically occur in elderly patients with contraindications to invasive procedures Peripheral nerve stimulation is a relatively new and minimally invasive treatment that uses electrical stimulation to inhibit pain signals from reaching the somatosensory cortex Our case describes an 80 Year old female with multiple comorbidities and refractory pain due to a vertebral planar fracture successfully treated with a 60 day course of peripheral nerve stimulation as evidenced by over 50% reduction in symptoms and discontinuation of opioid pain medication use Current treatment options for pain due to vertebral compression fracture Our case examines an 80-year-old woman with multiple comorbidities whose pain due to a vertebral plana fracture was successfully treated with the use of a peripheral nerve stimulator Our patient is an 80-year-old woman with a history of hypertension resolved possible gastrointestinal bleeding and a history of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue with planned glossectomy She also has a complex cardiac history including a history of sudden cardiac death (over 20 years ago) carotid stenosis status post carotid endarterectomy and coronary artery disease status post percutaneous coronary interventional with stent placement in 1996 She attended the pain clinic for acute on chronic low back pain The patient endured a recent fall at home and subsequent worsening of her low back pain Pain characteristics were described as constant It was also noted that the pain worsened with any movement including getting out of bed or out of her chair The best pain alleviation at this point was to remain sitting in her recliner the patient was using diazepam for anxiety and acetaminophen 650 mg PO TID PRN for pain She was not taking any other medications for osteoporosis at her initial visit Her physical exam was limited due to the above-described discomfort; however the patient was severely tender to palpation in the lumbar paraspinal region and with positive lumbar facet loading bilaterally The patient underwent a lumbar MRI, as shown in Figure 1 which revealed metastatic lesions in the lumbar spine The most significant involvement was seen at L1 with near complete vertebral plana (as shown in the figure) Imaging also showed degenerative disc changes at multiple levels She was initially started on acetaminophen-codeine 300–30 mg PO TID PRN for severe pain and was educated on lumbar facet steroid injections which she rejected because “she did not want steroids” She was presented with vertebral augmentation which she rejected for not wanting to undergo a procedure requiring any systemic anesthesia due to a prior history of sudden cardiac death Radiofrequency ablation was also discussed; however the patient declined because she did not want to wait 4 weeks to undergo the two trials of medial nerve branch blocks necessary for insurance to cover the cost of the RFA peripheral nerve stimulation was discussed with the patient The total time between symptom onset and the decision to proceed with PNS placement was approximately 3 weeks Two electrode peripheral nerve stimulators (PNS) with SPRINT® were placed at L3 bilaterally to stimulate the multifidi muscles An external pulse generator (EPG) was connected to the lead to confirm proper placement of the electrode via elicited muscle contraction per manufacturer guidelines amplitude (0.1 to 30 mA) and pulse duration (10 to 200µs) were applied intraoperatively (fast-cycle alternating 1-second on 1-second off) and titrated to patient comfort post-procedure (20-second slow-cycling) the patient scaled her pain as 7/10 intensity the patient endorsed improvement in her pain which was scaled at 5/10 and accompanied by a decreased use of acetaminophen-codeine to once a day pain scores were reported at 4/10 and 3/10 respectively At the 3-month follow-up after electrode removal she continued to have pain scored at 3/10 and reported continued cessation of pain medication Vertebral compression fractures are a common occurrence in the elderly. Plana fractures are a severe form of these injuries with unique treatment obstacles. For patients that fail conservative treatment, vertebral augmentation has traditionally been the next step in management. Although relatively safe, both vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty procedures carry the risk of complications, including leakage of bone cement, recurrent pain, and fracture of adjacent vertebrae (18) PNS may therefore offer a less invasive replacement for both vertebral augmentation and spinal cord stimulation for patients not able to tolerate anesthesia or sedation the patient's pain was exacerbated by any type of movement Her pain was described as 9/10 at its worst which prevented her from moving from her chair for most of the day Three months after treatment her pain was reported as 3/10 and she was able to participate in PT PNS may serve as a bridge treatment through acute fracture pain after conservative management has failed The patient also ceased the use of Tylenol with codeine after PNS treatment which highlights the possibility of PNS being used as part of an opioid-sparing multimodal approach to lower back pain caused by compression fractures According to Medicare data, the average cost of peripheral nerve stimulator placement in an ambulatory surgery center is around $5,000, which is fully reimbursable. In comparison, the cost of vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty can range from $10,000 to $15,000. Epidural steroid injections can range from $500-$1000 when paid for by Medicare (28, 29) there is little literature and no case studies found on its use in successfully treating pain specifically due to vertebral plana fracture Vertebral plana fractures refractory to conservative treatment are difficult to treat with current minimally invasive techniques due to their anatomical configuration The occurrence and greater prominence in elderly patients who may not tolerate anesthesia or vertebral augmentation increase treatment complexity symptoms decreased by 4 points on the pain scale she discontinued taking opioid pain medication and was able to participate in PT PNS has been effectively used to treat several types of pain and more research is needed into its effectiveness in treating refractory pain due to vertebral plana fracture The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/Supplementary Material further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author Written informed consent was obtained from the individual(s) for the publication of any potentially identifiable images or data included in this article All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher 1. Donnally CJ III, DiPompeo CM, Varacallo M. Vertebral compression fractures. In: Statpearls. Treasure island, FL: StatPearls Publishing (2022). p. 1–12. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK448171/ (Updated February 12 Vertebral compression fractures: a review of current management and multimodal therapy Evaluation and management of vertebral compression fractures PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar The association of radiographically detected vertebral fractures with back pain and function: a prospective study doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-128-10-199805150-00001 Low volume vertebral augmentation with cortoss® cement for treatment of high degree vertebral compression fractures and vertebra Plana Gradual height decrease of augmented vertebrae after vertebroplasty at the thoracolumbar junction PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar Facet joint injections for management of low back pain: a clinically focused review Facet joint injections as a means of reducing the need for vertebroplasty in insufficiency fractures of the spine Radiofrequency ablation for chronic low back pain: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials 11. Patel K, Chopra P, Upadhyayula S. Epidural steroid injections. In: Statpearls. Treasure island, FL: StatPearls Publishing (2022). p. 1–12. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470189/ (Updated July 4 Position statement on percutaneous vertebral augmentation: a consensus statement developed by the society of interventional radiology (SIR) American association of neurological surgeons (AANS) and the congress of neurological surgeons (CNS) American society of spine radiology (ASSR) Canadian interventional radiology association (CIRA) and the society of NeuroInterventional surgery (SNIS) Pilot study in temporary peripheral nerve stimulation in oncologic pain Peripheral nerve stimulation for the treatment of primary headache PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar Percutaneous radiofrequency treatment for refractory anteromedial pain of osteoarthritic knees Neuromodulation for pelvic and urogenital pain PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar Mechanism of action of peripheral nerve stimulation Long-term follow-up study of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture treated using balloon kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty 19. Pathak S, Conermann T. Lumbosacral discogenic syndrome. In: Statpearls. Treasure island, FL: StatPearls Publishing (2022). p. 1–13. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560537/ (Updated May 20 20. Alexander CE, Cascio MA, Varacallo M. Lumbosacral facet syndrome. In: Statpearls. Treasure island, FL: StatPearls Publishing (2022). Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441906/ (Updated September 26 Mechanisms of low back pain: a guide for diagnosis and therapy Acute and chronic vertebral compression fractures Does timing matter in performing kyphoplasty Acute versus chronic compression fractures PubMed Abstract | Google Scholar Current concepts in the management of vertebral compression fractures CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar Spinal cord stimulation for failed back surgery syndrome – patient selection considerations PubMed Abstract | Google Scholar Safety and efficacy of percutaneous vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: a multicenter retrospective study in Japan doi: 10.22575/interventionalradiology.2020-0032 Peripheral nerve stimulation for chronic pain: a systematic review of effectiveness and safety 28. Procedure Price Lookup for Outpatient Services. Medicare.gov. www.medicare.gov. Available at: https://www.medicare.gov/procedure-price-lookup/ Two-year cost comparison of vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures: are initial surgical costs misleading Keywords: peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) Mach S and Huh B (2023) Case report: Use of peripheral nerve stimulation for treatment of pain from vertebral plana fracture Received: 3 November 2022; Accepted: 16 December 2022;Published: 12 January 2023 © 2023 Javed, Perry, Mach and Huh. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited in accordance with accepted academic practice distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms *Correspondence: Kenneth Perry a2VubmV0aC5hLnBlcnJ5QHV0aC50bWMuZWR1 Specialty Section: This article was submitted to Cancer Pain a section of the journal Frontiers in Pain Research Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher 94% of researchers rate our articles as excellent or goodLearn more about the work of our research integrity team to safeguard the quality of each article we publish The 2018 Mas La Plana Special Edition is available exclusively at the fine wines and luxury spirits travel retailer Le Clos Familia Torres is celebrating the Year of the Snake with a special edition gift box of its popular Mas La Plana coinciding with the Lunar New Year and the 16-day Spring Festival Le Clos operates nine stores across Terminals 1 and 3 at Dubai International Airport This limited-edition release pays tribute to Chinese culture with a luxurious design crafted in gold and black featuring a snake motif that aligns with Mas La Plana’s identity member of the fourth generation of Familia Torres Through the adaptation and balance of the wine producer’s old Cabernet Sauvignon vines Tagged with: Sign up for email newsletters for up-to-date news image: The students of the Degree in Criminology and Security of the Universitat Jaume I of Castelló Castelló de la Plana is perceived as a safe city according to the 1st Survey on the Perception of Safety and Victimisation Castelló 2023 carried out by the Legal and Criminological Clinic of the Universitat Jaume I which explains that 11.3% of the people surveyed perceive the city as a totally safe place The percentage of insecurity (rating of one and two) is only reported by 10.3% the data reveal that the areas with the greatest feeling of safety are the south and centre north and west areas with 3.5 and finally the Grau with 3.4 The areas considered the most unsafe are Ribalta Park (36.9%) West Park (5.8%) and the San Agustín Group (3.9%) As for the situations that generate most insecurity the most frequently mentioned are robbery with violence (18%) sexual assaults (15.5%) and home burglaries (15%) and the least mentioned are terrorism (3.5%) and corruption (2%) And the crimes perceived as most frequent in the city are crimes against property injuries (6.8%) and sexual assaults (5.8%) The factors identified by those surveyed as the cause of the perception of insecurity in the city were the lack of police presence (16.1%) the ineffectiveness of the judicial system (15.8%) the neglected state of some neighbourhoods (15.1%) or drug trafficking (14.8%) and the causes of crime were the lack of values instilled by the family (18.6%); the malfunctioning of the judicial system (18.1%) only a quarter of those surveyed indicated having requested the intervention of the State security forces during 2023 and 14.3% indicated having experienced a crime during the same period 40.7% indicate that they do know family members or friends who have suffered a crime robbery with force (12.3%) or cybercrime (10.5%) Most of the victims filed a police or judicial report and six out of ten did so with the National Police Those who did not do so claimed that ‘reporting is useless’ or that ‘the incident was unimportant’ as the main reason but 19.2% said that they did not do so out of fear and 3.8% because of the waiting time at official facilities The report also includes an assessment of the security forces and bodies The results show that the National Police is the most highly rated when it comes to protecting citizens or attending to victims of crime while the Local Police is the most highly rated when it comes to resolving private conflicts or dealing with noise nuisance of all kinds The assessment of the performance of the Local Police by neighbourhoods shows that the central and southern areas (which have the highest perception of safety) are the least satisfied with the municipal security force the eastern and northern areas have slightly higher satisfaction And the most satisfied neighbourhoods were the west and Grau areas The questionnaire has taken into account the questions included in the study on citizen safety and victimisation by the Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas (CIS) and a previous survey carried out by the same research team in the city of Ibiza The sample of 400 people includes a representation of neighbourhoods (27) in the seven postcodes and different age groups (from 18 onwards) The results show a higher representation of young people aged 18-29 and more women than men (the percentage is higher in terms of population) The report has been directed by lecturers Esteban Morelle-Hungría and Jacqueline Carvalho da Silva and Anna Raiga i Vives as coordinators; members of the Legal and Criminological Clinic of the UJI with the participation of Gonzalo Remolí López Eduardo Giménez Ruiz and Amanda Pérez Silvestre students of the Degree in Criminology and Security of the Universitat Jaume I of Castelló The Legal and Criminological Clinic of the Faculty of Law and Economics is a learning space in which students put into practice the knowledge acquired throughout their undergraduate and postgraduate training through the development of an experience in which they act as professional jurists and criminologists by analysing and solving practical cases raised by real applicants under the guidance and supervision of university professors and professionals in the legal and criminological field The full report can be consulted in the UJI repository I Encuesta de percepción de seguridad y victimización Castellón 2023 Inseguridad y políticas públicas de seguridad en el ámbito municipal are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system Copyright © 2025 by the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) The 2018 Mas La Plana Special Edition is available exclusively at the fine wines and luxury spirits travel retailer Le Clos at Dubai International Airport celebrates the Year of the Snake with a special edition gift box of its iconic Mas La Plana featuring an elegant snake motif that aligns seamlessly with Mas La Plana’s distinctive identity attended by a highly knowledgeable team of advisors The award-winning retailer hand-curates the world’s finest wines and luxury spirits providing customer with access to exclusive vintages and limited editions member of the fourth generation of Familia Torres in 1970 This exceptional wine gained global acclaim when the first vintage triumphed over the world’s finest Cabernets at the 1979 Wine Olympics in Paris Sourced from the namesake historic vineyard in the heart of Penedès Mas La Plana stands as testament to Familia Torres’ legacy and excellence Thanks to the remarkable adaptation and balance of its old Cabernet Sauvignon vines reaching its fullest expression and solidifying its place as a benchmark in the world of fine wines The 2018 vintage of Mas La Plana has been praised by international wine writers Spanish critic for Robert Parker Wine Advocate describing it as “a very peppery and spicy cool and varietal with a Mediterranean accent” Wine Enthusiast bestowed an impressive 95 points highlighting its remarkable balance and complexity “Well-integrated tannins and balanced acidity offer a gorgeous backdrop for flavors of fruit and spice Kristine Barnett and Michael Barnett legally changed their adopted daughter's age from 8 to 22 Shutterstock ; Investigation Discovery/ YouTube Purpose To quantitatively explore preretinal abnormal tissue (PAT) in macula-on rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) before and after surgery PAT was detected by en-face optical coherence tomography images with custom slabs in eyes that underwent pars plana vitrectomy and SF6 for macula-on RRD Main outcome measures were PAT area at baseline Associations between PAT and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) at superficial capillary plexus (SCP) retinal tear (RT) area and endolaser area were investigated Results 36 macula-on eyes RRD were included in the analysis Significant PAT growth was registered from baseline until 6 months (p<0.001) Baseline PAT area correlated with RT area (r=0.54 Significant correlation between relative change in PAT and relative change in FAZ SCP was found The multivariable regression model showed a statistically significant association between Endolaser area (cm2) and relative changes in PAT (p=0.004) Conclusions Our study found that despite good retinal reattachment PAT proliferates over months with vascular changes Endolaser area has a major influence on PAT growth without impact on best-corrected visual acuity Additional knowledge about pathophysiological mechanisms of growth could help understanding which surgical approach may limit PAT extension and future secondary epiretinal membrane https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo-2024-326442 If you wish to reuse any or all of this article please use the link below which will take you to the Copyright Clearance Center’s RightsLink service. You will be able to get a quick price and instant permission to reuse the content in many different ways. Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors. Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer-reviewed. Top honors: Familia Torres wines claimed seven gold medals at the prestigious Mundus Vini wine competition Familia Torres has claimed multiple honors at the Mundus Vini international wine competition, earning seven gold medals and four silver medals for its limited-production wines. Among the award-winning wines, the emblematic Mas La Plana 2019 stands out, not only receiving a gold medal but also being crowned the Best Wine of Penedès in the competition, with the coveted title of ‘Best of Show Penedès’ for achieving the highest score. The judges praised Mas La Plana 2019 for its structure, harmony, and complexity. In the tasting notes, it is described as an aromatically intense wine with cherry and spice notes, good acidity, and significant ageing potential. The Cabernet Sauvignon is part of the Antología Miguel Torres collection, a selection of Familia Torres wines celebrated for their unique origins and exclusive craftsmanship. The other Familia Torres wines awarded gold medals were: Milmanda 2021 from DO Conca de Barberà; Salmos 2021 and Perpetual 2020 from DOCa Priorat; Purgatori 2022 from DO Costers del Segre; Waltraud 2023 from DO Penedès and Celeste Reserva 2020 from DO Ribera del Duero. Milmanda 2021, also part of the Antología collection and considered one of Spain’s finest Chardonnays, captivated the judges with its aromatic intensity, featuring exotic and yellow fruit notes alongside citrus hints, as well as its overall harmony. Originating from the vineyard surrounding the Milmanda Castle in Conca de Barberà, this wine benefits from optimal climatic, geological, and topographical conditions for the development of this variety. Mas La Plana 2019 was crowned the Best Wine of Penedès Purgatori 2022, an organic wine from the heart of Les Garrigues in DO Costers del Segre, impressed the judges with its complexity, harmony, and structured character. Its aromatic profile, featuring berries, cherries, and jam notes complemented by ageing nuances, made it a standout wine. This vintage, set to be released in the coming months, introduces the Gonfaus variety as a complement to Garnacha. Waltraud 2023, a Riesling from Penedès created in homage to Waltraud Maczassek, a German artist and wife of Miguel A. Torres, impressed the jury with its elegance and ageing potential. The wine’s harmony and the distinctive traits of the Riesling variety—such as vibrant acidity, citrus notes, and aromatic intensity—earned high praise. Celeste Reserva 2020, from Familia Torres’ Pago del Cielo winery in Ribera del Duero, stood out for its freshness and acidity. It is a complex, harmonious, and aromatically intense wine with notes of forest fruits and cherries. This Tinto Fino comes primarily from estate vineyards over 40 years old, planted on limestone slopes at the highest altitudes of the denomination, approximately 900 meters above sea level. In addition to these accolades, Familia Torres received silver medals for three of its Penedès wines: Gran Coronas 2021 and Clos Ancestral white and red, both from the 2023 vintage, which are notable for being organic and regenerative wines made from recovered ancestral varieties, as well as for the white wine from DO Rueda, Celeste Verdejo 2023, from its Pago del Cielo winery. In its 35th edition, the Mundus Vini Grand International Award is considered one of the world’s most prominent wine competitions. Organized twice a year by the publishing group Meininger Verlag, the Spring Tasting 2025 featured hundreds of wines from 37 countries, evaluated in blind tastings by a panel of 250 experts from 55 nations. Volume 10 - 2022 | https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2022.1074000 This article is part of the Research TopicCo-Evolution of Life and Environment During the Ediacaran-Cambrian TransitionView all 6 articles is widely distributed in the early Cambrian strata and is considered an important link in the evolutionary lineage that reflects a transitional form from helcionelloids to bivalves Anabarella has mainly been documented from Yunnan the taxonomy of Anabarella is questionable which has implications for the interpretation of the genus’ temporal and spatial distribution New and abundant well-preserved specimens of the helcionelloid mollusc Anabarella were recovered from the Member 5 of the Yanjiahe Formation in the Three Gorges area these specimens can be definitely identified as A the species of Anabarella previously reported in the literature from South China were taxonomically revised other species should be assigned to Igorella plana is the only valid species of the genus Anabarella in South China and is limited to Cambrian Stage 2 plana reveal three types of microstructures: convex polygonal impressions the thicker shell of the sub-apical area and the three different structures of the sub-apical area provide more evidence that A plana might have adapted a semi-infanual mode of life and indicate that Anabarella is a likely ancestor of Watsonella Although the coiled degree and expansion ratio of the shells are different several species have been imprecisely assigned to Anabarella drepanoida (=Stenotheca drepanoida) the classification of the laterally compressed molluscs and the taxonomic revision of Anabarella in the previous publications are confusing and the species assigned to Anabarella have not been systematically investigated hundreds of specimens of Anabarella were collected from the Member 5 of the Yanjiahe Formation in the Three Gorges area These new collections allow us to describe these specimens in detail and to further revise the species of Anabarella previously reported in South China the microstructures and the morphology of A plana are studied and the importance of Anabarella in the context of early molluscan evolution are here discussed The rock samples were collected from the Member 5 of the Yanjiahe Formation (Watsonella crosbyi assemblage zone) in the Gunziao and Yanjiahe sections, Yichang, Hubei Province (Figure 1). SSFs’ distribution and the stratigraphy of the Yanjiahe Formation has been systematically investigated in recent years (Guo et al., 2014; Guo et al., 2020; Steiner et al., 2020; Guo et al., 2021) plana have been collected from the insoluble residues of siliceous-phosphatic intraclastic limestone digested in 5%–10% acetic acid All specimens were manually picked from the residues under a binocular microscope Selected specimens were coated with gold and photographed using an FEI Quanta 650 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) at Chang’an University FIGURE 1. Location and stratigraphy of the Terreneuvian Yanjiahe Formation in the Three Gorges area, Hubei Province, China (modified from Guo et al., 2021) (A) Sketch map of the People’s Republic of China the rose-red arrow showing the position of the collecting locality in Hubei Province (B) Simplified geological map of the Three Gorges area showing the outcrops of the Cambrian strata the rose-red arrow showing the position of the Yanjiahe area (C) Detailed geological map of the Yanjiahe area showing the outcrops of the Yanjiahe Formation red stars showing the locations of the Yanjiahe Section and Gunziao Section (D) Lithostratigraphic column and biostratigraphy of key SSFs from the Yanjiahe Formation in the Yanjiahe section red star indicating the horizon where specimens of A All specimens are catalogued and deposited in Chang’an University (CU) Phylum Mollusca Cuvier, 1797 Class Helcionelloida Peel, 1991 Order Helcionellida Geyer, 1994 Family Helcionellidae Wenz, 1938 Genus Anabarella Vostokova, 1962 1962 Anabarella Vostokova 1969 Anabarella Vostokova; Rozanov et al. 1976 Anabarella Vostokova; Runnegar and Jeel 1990 Anabarella Vostokova; Bengtson et al. 1996 Anabarella Vostokova; Esakova and Zhegallo 2001 Anabarella Vostokova; Gravestock et al. 2003 Anabarella Vostokova; Gubanov and Peel 2004 Anabarella Vostokova; Gubanov et al. 2017 Anabarella Vostokova; Kouchinsky et al. 2019 Anabarella Vostokova; Li et al. Type species—Anabarella plana Vostokova, 1962; lower Cambrian Species included—See Table 1 Species taxonomic revision checklist of Anabarella Diagnosis—See (Gubanov and Peel, 2003) Representative members of Cambrian univalve molluscs from the Yanjiahe Formation (A,B,D) from the Member 5 of the Yanjiahe Formation in Yanjiahe section (C) From the Member 5 of the Yanjiahe Formation in Gunziao section Distribution—Cambrian Fortunian-Stage 4 Anabarella plana Vostokova, 1962 1962 Anabarella plana Vostokova 1969 Anabarella plana Vostokova; Rozanov et al. 1982 Anabarella plana Vostokova; Zhegallo in Voronin et al. 1982 Anabarella exigua Zhegallo in Voronin et al. 1983 Anabarella plana Vostokova; Lendzion and Posti 1987 Anabarella plana Vostokova; Val’kov 1989 Anabarella plana Vostokova; Landing 1995 Anabarella plana Vostokova; Easkova and Ermak in Pospelov et al. 1996 Anabarella plana Vostokova; Zhegallo in Esakova and Zhegallo 1996 Anabarella exigua Zhegallo; Zhegallo in Esakova and Zhegallo 1999 Anabarella sp. cf. A. plana Vostokova; Gubanov in Vidal et al. 2003 Anabarella plana Vostokova; Gubanov and Peel 2007 Anabarella cf. A. plana Vostokova; Isakar and Peel 2011a Anabarella plana Vostokova; Vendrasco et al. 2015 Anabarella plana Vostokova; Budd and Jackson 2017 Anabarella plana Vostokova; Kouchinsky et al. 2020 Anabarella plana Vostokova; Steiner et al. 2021 Anabarella plana Vostokova; Guo et al. 8361–8 from the lower Cambrian of the Kenyada River Material—More than 100 specimens (internal molds) collected from the Yanjiahe and Gunziao sections Hubei Province; Member 5 of the Yanjiahe Formation Shell smooth or slightly ornamented with growth lines and regularly spaced comarginal rugae (B) Aperture length/aperture width ratio of A plana from the Member 5 of the Yanjiahe Formation CUBar243-2: (F2) magnification of (F1) showing the faint thin ribs (G3) magnification of (G2) showing the shallow grooves on the dorsum Polygonal impressions on the internal molds of A respectively; (A2,B2,C2) magnifications of (A1,B1,C1) showing the convex polygonal impressions on the apical area represent the cell imprints of the outer mantle epithelium showing the concave polygonal impressions on the apertural and dorsal areas representing the inner ends of shell prisms (A1,B1,C1,E1) from the Member 5 of the Yanjiahe Formation in Gunziao Section (D1) from the Member 5 of the Yanjiahe Formation in Yanjiahe Section Lamello-fibrillar microstructure in the internal molds of A (A2,B2,D2) magnifications of (A1,B1,D1) respectively showing the lamello-fibrillar microstructures Black dotted lines on (C3) showing the convergence of different orientation fibers Specimens from the Member 5 of the Yanjiahe Formation in Gunziao Section Occurrence—Upper Fortunian and lower part of Cambrian Stage 2; Siberia plana in the Yanjiahe Formation are systematically analyzed The similarities in microstructures between Anabarella and Watsonella—such as polygonal impressions, stepwise texture and lamello-fibrillar microstructure—taken together with their shell form, were the important evidence for Anabarella being a likely ancestor of Watsonella (Kouchinsky, 1999; Vendrasco et al., 2011a) the observed morphological variation is not necessarily caused by preservational bias plana in the Yanjiahe Formation may reveal another interpretation of the cause of morphological variation between external coating and internal mold the thicker original shell in sub-apical area of Anabarella might be adapted to resist the attacks of predators and sediments the morphological differences between the external coatings and internal molds of Anabarella were caused by the variation in thickness of the original shell (A1) From the Member 5 of the Yanjiahe Formation in Yanjiahe Section (B1,C) from the Member 5 of the Yanjiahe Formation in Gunziao Section (A2,B2,C2,D2,E2,F2) magnifications of (A1,B1,C1,D1,E1,F1) plana in the new materials of the Yanjiahe Formation also appear transitional plana from the Member 5 of the Yanjiahe Formation provides important information about the intermediate morphological transition during the evolutionary process between helcionelloids and bivalves This taxonomic study of Anabarella in South China was performed on the basis of abundant new materials Investigation shows that the only reliable species of Anabarella in South China is A which is only recognized in the Yanjiahe Formation of western Hubei and its age is limited to Cambrian Stage 2 The studied specimens provide important information about the morphology and microstructures of A The well-preserved growth lines on the external coating and microstructures on the internal mold indicate that the phosphatization around the original shell is slight and the morphological variations between shells and internal molds of A plana may be caused by the variation in original shell thickness Three types of microstructure are identified on the internal mold of A The convex polygonal impressions on the apical area are interpreted as the cast of the cellular epithelium of the mollusc but the concave polygons may correlate with the inner ends of shell prisms Lamello-fibrillar microstructures consisted of fibers mostly related to the inner layer The comparability of the microstructures and morphology of A crosbyi provides important evidence that supports a hypothetical evolutionary lineage from Anabarella to Watsonella and further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author writing-original draft: YQ; writing-review and editing: JG This research was funded by the Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos 42172016 to JG; 41890844 to JG; 41621003 to JH) Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No and Key Scientific and Technological Innovation Team Project in Shaanxi Province State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy (Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology We thank Luoyang Li (Ocean University of China) for many useful suggestions We also thank reviewers and editor for their comments and suggestions Early cambrian fossils from SouthSouth Australia Google 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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use *Correspondence: Junfeng Guo, anVuZmVuZ2dAY2hkLmVkdS5jbg== Department of Defense as Senior Intelligence Assistant to the Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security She was a 2021-2022 postdoctoral fellow at Perry World House at the University of Pennsylvania and a 2020-2021 predoctoral fellow at the Harvard Kennedy School’s Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs and has been recognized or supported by the National Science Foundation Sara served on the Defense Agency Review team for the Biden-Harris Transition in the Office of the Secretary of Defense for Policy on Turkey defense policy and as an analyst for the Department of Defense She is passionate about advancing initiatives to bridge the academic-policy gap most notably as a Fellow for Bridging the Gap and co-founder of the Future Strategy Forum a conference series amplifying women-identifying scholars and practitioners in international security Sara received her PhD in Political Science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and her AB in Government from Harvard University Support CNAS CD Atlético Baleares salvaged a point in added time during their visit to the Municipal de Sa Plana in an intense clash corresponding to matchday 32 of Group III in the Segunda RFEF The blue-and-whites drew 2-2 against CE Andratx thanks to a last-minute goal from Berto Rosas in the 90th minute The match started with high pace and chances for both sides Miquel Jaume opened the scoring with a powerful shot to make it 1-0 Luis Blanco’s side reacted with intensity and came close to equalizing when Bover’s shot hit the post Atlético Baleares came out strong and were soon rewarded for their efforts equalized in the 55th minute with a precise header inside the box Peñafort took advantage of a defensive mistake to restore the lead for the home side Just when it looked like the match was over Berto Rosas stepped up in the dying moments to score the final 2-2 and secure a valuable away point for Atlético Baleares It will be the second-to-last match of the regular season Δdocument.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value" The road to Primera RFEF begins! CD Atlético Baleares beats Ibiza (2-0) and finishes the league in second place The victory against Mallorca B (0-3) keeps ATB in the fight for second place ahead of the final matchday Atlético Baleares snatch a point in stoppage time at Sa Plana (2-2) Atlético Baleares draw against Ilicitano (1-1) and sit third Atlético Baleares beat Espanyol B and secure three vital points (0-1) Deborah Plana loved the quantitative sciences Then her biology teacher talked about new drugs being tested to treat genetic diseases and the many questions that still weren’t answered in the life sciences I love working on research that has an important technical piece I love to do research that could meaningfully improve patients’ lives,” said Plana who is graduating this year from the Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology program as a physician-scientist with an MD to join her PhD Get more HMS news here Personal experience with cancer in her family cemented Plana’s determination to pursue a career that combines medicine and research “Human health problems impact people and their families so intimately,” she said While her scientific interests were born in Miami As the country moved from a democracy to a dictatorship her parents decided to immigrate to the U.S Graduating MD student Mitchell Winkie on taking care of service members and families Graduating PhD student Irene Wong trains young researchers and investigates respiratory diseases Plana attended the Academy for Advanced Academics program through the Miami school system The program allowed her to take college courses in addition to advanced placement classes giving her the chance to be on a college campus and interact with people doing research As an undergraduate at MIT she majored in biological engineering with a minor in statistics and data science. She worked in the lab of bioengineer Douglas Lauffenburger combining experiments with computation and learning how to translate preclinical work to clinical success “I became specifically interested in the question of how we do a better job of understanding how drugs work and how we better assign drugs to individual patients,” she said Figuring out how to improve success rates for new therapies piqued Plana’s interest in taking care of patients directly It also led her to the field of systems biology with the idea of using patient data to model how drugs behave in the body Plana pursued her vision when she came to Harvard Medical School as an MD/PhD student and quantitative biology from the Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (now the Griffin GSAS) she helped recruit students to what became a 150-person volunteer effort and managed the group’s projects Those included the production and distribution of face shields for frontline health care workers incorporation of sterilization of PPE into the workflow for reuse at a medical center and creation of an open-source powered air-purifying respirator prototype At the same time, she was completing her thesis, Clinical Trial Data Science to Advance Precision Oncology which looked at ways to enhance analysis of clinical trial results In collaboration with researchers from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute she digitized the information presented in graphs published in scientific studies and back-calculated the patient events that likely led to those results She showed that researchers can reanalyze existing trial data to assess drug synergy in animal models and human data predict the likelihood of trial success from small sample sizes and model long-term benefits of new therapies using short-term trial results She hopes the work provides a new tool scientists can use to deal with data challenges presented by relatively small patient populations Part of Plana’s focus on oncology stemmed from her and Sorger’s work with her other PhD adviser, Adam Palmer at the time a postdoctoral fellow in systems pharmacology at HMS The team worked closely with oncologists on data coming from clinical and preclinical trials to see whether they could improve how treatments are assigned to patients and understand variation in treatment response Plana hopes her work convinces others that it is worthwhile to share the raw data generated in clinical studies and that there are interesting insights to be gained from additional analysis — something she says many trial participants support “To me it seems almost a moral responsibility to make the most we can out of the data being generated,” she said “Surveys of clinical trial participants overwhelmingly report that they want their data to be reused.” Plana shares with those patients the desire for knowledge to flow in both directions between the lab and the clinic She looks forward to facilitating such “bench to bedside” and “bedside to bench” exchanges as she begins her residency in a combined anesthesia research track at Massachusetts General Hospital later this year When she finished her PhD and went back to her clinical rotations Plana saw how much information anesthesiologists collect during surgery — blood pressure how well patients are responding to the operation — and compared it to the data oncologists use “Oncologists think about how to better assign drugs to individual patients and how to manage toxicities,” she said “I feel like anesthesiologists and critical care doctors do something similar in a very “I want to use systems biology to identify personalized interventions for patients that are based on the same tools and principles cancer doctors use but that anesthesiologists and critical care doctors can apply in the short time frames they work within,” she said the quantitative and the human aspects of being a physician-researcher drive each other they are not all that different,” she said “So many of the things I have enjoyed researching have come from being in a clinical setting and having emotional reactions.” “It is so important to make big choices with our heart,” she said the importance of the human element also extends to the people who have influenced her “Their bravery and vision in leaving Venezuela to come to the U.S made this and all other opportunities possible,” she wrote Celebrating the accomplishments of the Class of 2024 Graduating MD student Jowan Watson on helping others through medicine Graduating MD/PhD student Emily Rencsok journeys through bioengineering Shared geographic origin between TB strain and human host could amplify risk for infection Studies detailing brain-immune crosstalk could inform treatments for autism Scientists weigh in on the spread of H5N1 and highlight clues that portend what might come next Researchers recognized for accomplishments in biological sciences © 2025 by The President and Fellows of Harvard College Sign up for the Spanish News Today Editors Roundup Weekly Bulletin and get an email with all the week’s news straight to your inbox (List price   3  months 12 Bulletins)  and thank you for choosing CamposolToday.com to publicise your organisation’s info or event Camposol Today is a website set up by Murcia Today specifically for residents of the urbanisation in Southwest Murcia providing news and information on what’s happening in the local area which is the largest English-speaking expat area in the Region of Murcia When submitting text to be included on Camposol Today please abide by the following guidelines so we can upload your article as swiftly as possible: Send an email to editor@camposoltoday.com or contact@murciatoday.com Attach the information in a Word Document or Google Doc Also attach a photo to illustrate your article Metrics details To compare the effectiveness and safety of scleral buckling and pars plana vitrectomy in treating retinal detachment without posterior vitreous detachment A total of 88 eyes of 83 patients with retinal detachment without prior posterior vitreous detachment were investigated retrospectively Group A comprised patients who underwent scleral buckling (n = 47) and Group B (n = 36) patients who were treated with pars plana vitrectomy The primary and final anatomical success rate showed a nonsignificant difference (p = 0.465 and p = 0.37 respectively) No significant difference was observed in the reoperation rate or development of epiretinal membrane between the groups (p = 0.254 and p = 0.254 respectively) scleral buckling resulted in significantly better visual acuity at the last follow-up (0.12 ± 0.23) compared to pars plana vitrectomy (0.37 ± 0.46 The incidence of cataract progression was also significantly higher in the pars plana vitrectomy group (46%) compared to the scleral buckling group (10% Scleral buckling and pars plana vitrectomy show similar success rates in treating retinal detachment without vitreous detachment due to less cataract progression and better visual acuity outcomes scleral buckling is recommended for these cases Determining vitreous status before surgery is crucial for optimal outcomes the status of the vitreous was not specified in most of these studies our study aims to compare the surgical outcomes of SB and PPV in eyes with RD without PVD Data from consecutive patients undergoing either PPV or SB for RD between 2008 and 2021 at the Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry were retrospectively analyzed in this clinical study The herein study was approved by the institutional review board of the Medical University of Vienna and was conducted according to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki all surgeries were performed by 6 experienced retinal surgeons we obtained informed written consent from the participants prior to their inclusion in the research informed consent was obtained from a parent or legal guardian all data collected from participants were fully anonymized before they were accessed Patients with a minimum age of 11 years old and a rhegmatogenous or chronic RD without accompanying vitreous detachment were included Exclusion criteria comprised detachment following globe perforation Preoperative OCT image of a patient with non-posterior vitreous detachment rhegmatogenous retinal detachment The posterior vitreous surface appears to be stilll attached to the fovea according to the type of surgery they underwent Group A included patients who underwent scleral buckling (encircling or segmental) and Group B comprised patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy The scleral buckling procedure was performed as follows: A circural incision was made in the conjunctiva at the limbus rectus muscles were lifted with forceps allowing placement of transconjunctival traction 4–0 silk sutures after the sclera was marked with a dye on the position of the defect A scleral explant (radial or circumferential sponge) was fixated with 4–0 mersilene sutures External drainage was performed in cases where it was considered necessary The sutures were then tightened and it was ensured that the buckle was well indented The conjunctiva was then closed with 8–0 vicryl sutures The initial steps were the same as in the segmental buckling procedure After the placement of the mersilene sutures in all four quadrants of the equator with the “lock” positioned superior and nasal External drainage was performed in cases where it was considered necessary and the band was then further tightened The correct positioning of the band was verified Three 23-gauge ports were placed in a typical manner with the infusion placed temporal and inferior A complete circular vitrectomy was then performed and the posterior pole was stabilized using perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL) The attached vitreous was carefully lifted from the posterior pole either immediately or after triamcinolone utilization to enhance the visualization of the posterior cortical vitreous Cryopexy or endolaser coagulation was applied to defects found intraoperatively The entire peripheral retina was examined with indentation Fluid-air exchange was performed and PFCL was aspired from the posterior pole The 23-gauge ports were removed and the sclerotomies were closed with 8–0 vicryl sutures Information about patients’ previous/simultaneous RD on the fellow eye as well as type and duration of symptoms were collected The following RD characteristics were documented: size and 6 months postoperatively and last visit as well as complications including re-operations and epiretinal membrane development were compared between the two groups The visual acuity was obtained in decimal form and was converted to the logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) Localized small subretinal fluid (SRF) observed on OCT with no increase during follow-up was not considered a surgical failure Single-surgery anatomic success (SSAS) was defined as the complete reattachment of the retina after one surgery not requiring any additional retinal procedures until the end of the follow-up period Patients’ data were collected in an Excel database and converted to SPSS for statistical analysis Continuous variables were presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD) The chi-square test and independent-samples t-test were used as appropriate with a p value of 0.05 considered statistically significant multiple linear regression analysis was performed to further investigate the factors influencing BCVA outcomes This regression model included variables such as surgical technique (buckling vs Subgroup analysis was also conducted for phakic patients aged 25 to 51 to identify specific effects within this demographic The total cohort comprised 46 male and 37 female patients with a mean age of 37 ± 15 years The mean follow-up time was 17 ± 21.2 months The rate of bilaterality was found to be 13% (11 out of 83 patients) during our follow-up Out of those 11 patients with bilateral retinal detachment only 5 (6%) exhibited non-PVD RD in both eyes All of these patients were treated with the same technique in both eyes p = 0.354) eyes in Group B exhibiting a refractive error of at least 2 diopters (dpt) A significant difference in the patients’ mean age (p < 0.001) all 49 patients (100%) in Group A were phakic from the onset of symptoms till the patient’s first medical consultation was 16 ± 19 days for Group A and 29 ± 69 days for Group B (p = 0.227) Fovea-off detachments did not differ in number between the groups (Group A = 19 they did differ in duration (average duration of fovea-off detachment in days: Group A = 10 ± 21 The medians of time to the first consultation for this group (2 days for Group A and 6 days for Group B) suggest influence of outliers and the statistical difference in duration was not significant according to the Mann–Whitney U test (p = 0.096) patients in Group A demonstrated 2 ± 1 defects and patients in Group B had 2 ± 2 (p = 0.873) The size of the defects did not differ between the groups (Group A Median = 0.50 clock hours The most commonly found defect types were round holes either in groups or individual (Group A = 36 (73%) followed by horseshoe tears (Group A = 4 (8%) Two breaks in the ora serrata were found in total In 5 cases in total the defect was not defined and in 4 cases no defect was found Supertemporal retinal defects were found in 31 (35%) eyes (13 in Group A and in 18 in Group B respectively) inferotemporal defects were found in 34 (39%) eyes (24 in Group A and 10 in Group B respectively) superonasal defects were found in 8 (9%) eyes (4 in Group A and 4 in Group B respectively) and inferonasal defects were found in 5 (6%) eyes (3 in Group A and 2 in Group B respectively) In 5 (6%) eyes (3 in Group A and 2 in Group B respectively) defects were located in all quadrants of the retina 34 patients (69%) received a segmental buckle while 15 patients (31%) received a circumferential buckle a total of 39 patients underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) 35 eyes (90%) received PPV with gas injection 4 eyes (10%) received PPV with silicone oil 22 patients received C3F8 gas and 1 patient received C2F6 gas The preoperative BCVA was 0.42 ± 0.57 logMAR in Group A and 0.58 ± 0.65 in Group B (p = 0.235) There was no significant difference in BVCA between the two groups at 1 and 6 months of follow-up (BCVA month 1: Group A: 0.32 ± 0.37 logMAR p = 0.292; BCVA month 6: Group A: 0.18 ± 0.24 logMAR BCVA was significantly better in Group A at month 3 (BCVA month 3: Group A: 0.21 ± 0.30 logMAR p = 0.23) and at the last follow-up (Group A: 0.12 ± 0.23 logMAR A linear regression analysis was conducted to assess the impact of surgical technique age and preoperative BCVA on postoperative BCVA outcomes The regression model revealed that preoperative BCVA was a highly significant predictor of postoperative BCVA (0.377 [0.270; 0.485] p < 0.001) indicating that higher preoperative BCVA values were strongly associated with higher postoperative BCVA values the type of surgical procedure (buckling vs PPV) did not significantly affect postoperative BCVA (0.049 [− 0.091; 0.188] p = 0.490) and neither did age (0.001 [− 0.004; 0.005] 23 (26%) underwent cataract surgery during the postoperative course Cataract development and progression were observed in 5 (10%) eyes in Group A and 18 (46%) in Group B (p =  < 0.001) Epiretinal membranes (ERM) were observed in 2 eyes in Group A (4%) and 4 eyes in Group B (10%) (p = 0.254) a translocation of the scleral buckle was observed in one patient (2%) in Group A we found that the type of operation (buckling vs PPV) was a significant predictor of complications The model indicated that patients who underwent PPV had significantly higher odds of experiencing cataract progression compared to those who underwent buckling (OR = 8.170 the type of operation was not found to be a significant predictor when examining for the development of ERM Primary anatomical success was achieved in 44 out of 49 (90%) eyes in Group A and 33 out of 39 (85% PVR was responsible for 7 of 16 redetachments in total including 2 out of 7 redetachments in Group A and 5 out of 9 redetachments in Group B (p = 0.377) Unrecognized or new retinal breaks were causative for 5 out of 8 redetachments in Group A and 3 out of 9 in Group B The cause could not be identified in the rest of the cases 6 of which PPV combined with gas injection and one patient received anterior chamber puncture with intravitreal SF6 gas injection among the 9 (23%) patients in Group B who required a reoperation five individuals received scleral buckling while one patient underwent PPV with silicon oil injection Final anatomical success was achieved in 48 of 49 eyes (97.96%) in Group A and in 39 of 39 eyes (100%) in Group B we conducted a subgroup analysis focusing on patients with intact lenses (phakic patients) within a specific age range (25–51 years old) We compared the outcomes between two groups labeled as Group C for patients that received buckling and Group D for patients that received pars plana vitrectomy A total of 54 eyes could be added in this subgroup The mean age of patients in both groups did not show any statistically significant difference (p = 0.728) While preoperative BCVA was not significantly different between the two subgroups (Group C: 0.25 ± 0.42 logMAR postoperative BCVA exhibited a statistically significant difference even between the subgroups Group C achieved a mean BCVA of 0.04 ± 0.08 logMAR; while Group D recorded a mean BCVA of 0.31 ± 0.48 logMAR (p < 0.001) A linear regression analysis was also conducted on the subgroup of phakic patients aged 25–51 years to assess the impact of surgical technique on postoperative BCVA outcomes The regression model revealed that preoperative BCVA was a highly significant predictor of postoperative BCVA (p < 0.001) The type of surgical procedure was also a significant predictor (p = 0.007) with buckling associated with significantly better postoperative BCVA outcomes compared to PPV we found no significant distinction between the two groups our subgroup analysis indicated a higher incidence of cataract progression in Group D 10 patients from Group D required cataract operations while four patients from Group C underwent a cataract operation (p < 0.001) The aim of this retrospective study was to focus on a special type of retinal detachment as well as to compare two surgical methods retrospectively for the treatment of these patients there have not been any previous studies comparing these two surgical techniques for the treatment of RD It was indicated that both scleral buckling and PPV can achieve similar single surgery success as well as final anatomical success rates in those patients The reoperation rate was also found to be non-different between the two groups BCVA at the last follow-up was found to be significantly better in Group A than in Group B (p = 0.001) the cataract progression rate (p < 0.001) was significantly higher in Group B We did not find a gender predominance documented in non-PVD RD with 46 out of 83 (55%) patients being male and 37 out of 83 patients (45%) being female 13% of patients suffered from RD in both eyes which is more in line with the general population The significant difference in the patients’ mean age (p < 0.001) as well as the lens status (p = 0.02) can most likely be explained due to the fact that PPV is often the method of choice in older patients who have already undergone cataract surgery it is important to note that even when considering only patients with intact lenses (phakic patients) and adjusting for age our subgroup analysis yielded similar outcomes A different pathogenic mechanism is probably responsible for the RD in the rest of the patients BCVA was significantly lower in Group B at the last follow-up While the regression analysis on the overall cohort showed no significant effect of surgical technique (buckling vs the subgroup analysis revealed that PPV was associated with poorer BCVA outcomes compared to buckling (p = 0.007) This suggests that the impact of surgical techniques may be more pronounced in younger patients could not be randomized and there were discrepancies in the baseline characteristics Group A patients were significantly younger than Group B (p < 0.001) which is easily explained by the fact that SB is the preferred method of surgery in younger patients patients in Group B exhibited a greater rate of pseudophakia (p = 0.02) These characteristics are related to a poor prognosis To mitigate the impact of these differences we conducted a subgroup analysis to adjust for these baseline disparities The subgroup analysis findings supported the overall results Other weaknesses include a short follow-up period in some patients and a small number of patients both SB and PPV surgery were found to yield similar initial and final anatomical success rates in patients without PVD Cataract progression was faster in patients who were treated with PPV and the final BCVA was found to be better in the SB group Our suggestion is that the status of the vitreous should always be determined in patients with retinal detachment and non-PVD RD should be initially treated with SB PPV should be considered instead in case of revision surgery randomized study is warranted for obtaining a more definite conclusion on the role of PPV in non-PVD RD The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to privacy or confidentiality concerns regarding the sensitive nature of the data they are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request to ensure responsible handling and protection of sensitive information The incidence of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is increasing and chorioretinal scars in the therapy of rhegmatogenous retinal detachments Induction of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) by non-enzymatic reagents targeting vitreous collagen liquefaction as well as vitreoretinal adhesion Prophylactic treatment of retinal breaks: A systematic review Asymptomatic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment Clinical features and surgical management of retinal detachment secondary to round retinal holes The predisposing pathology and clinical characteristics in the scottish retinal detachment study Scleral buckle surgery for primary retinal detachment without posterior vitreous detachment Pars plana vitrectomy versus scleral buckle: A comprehensive meta-analysis of 15,947 eyes Scleral buckling alone or in combination with pars plana vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair: A meta-analysis of 7212 eyes Anatomical and functional outcomes of scleral buckling versus primary vitrectomy in pseudophakic retinal detachment Comparison of scleral buckling and vitrectomy using wide angle viewing system for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in patients older than 35 years Scleral buckling versus primary vitrectomy in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment Comparison between releasable scleral buckling and vitrectomy in patients with phakic primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment Primary pars plana vitrectomy versus scleral buckle surgery for the treatment of pseudophakic retinal detachment: A randomized clinical trial Retrospective study of rhegmatogenous retinal detachments secondary to round retinal holes The fellow eye of patients with phakic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment from atrophic holes of lattice degeneration without posterior vitreous detachment The epidemiology of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: Geographical variation and clinical associations Study group of epidemiology of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in Beijing China [Epidemiology of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in Beijing Bilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachment Epidemiology of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in a Finnish population Atrophic tear retinal detachment: Clinical characteristics and surgical treatment results at long term Scleral buckling versus vitrectomy for retinal detachment repair: Comparison of visual fields and nerve fiber layer thickness Scleral buckling versus vitrectomy in the management of macula-off primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment Comparison between scleral buckling and vitrectomy in the onset of cystoid macular edema and epiretinal membrane after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair Risk factors for macular pucker after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment surgery Surgical failures after primary scleral buckling for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment Comparison of pars plana vitrectomy with and without scleral buckle for the repair of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment Comparison of outcomes: scleral buckling and pars plana vitrectomy versus vitrectomy alone for primary repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment Download references Michael Georgopoulos & Ursula Schmidt-Erfurth The main manuscript text was authored by I.D. and clinical examinations were carried out by G.M. The conception of the manuscript was overseen by U.S.E All authors participated in reviewing the manuscript The authors declare no competing interests Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations Download citation DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-67318-w Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily. The central defender, Bujar Pllana, has been transferred to the Polish team, Lechia Gdansk. The 22-year-old has signed a contract valid until 2028. Pllana was until now with Slaven Belupo in Croatia, while before that he played for Pristina, Feronikeli and Trepça '89. "We believe in the solid defensive skills of this young but experienced player. His mentality is aligned with who we are, with our DNA. His immediate desire to join the club  it is also a good sign", said the president of the Polish club, Paolo Urfer. "I am very happy to join such a great club. I have heard a lot about the excellent atmosphere in the matches at home and throughout Poland", said Pllana. Lechia Gdansk  has returned to the Polish elite. The translation of contents into other languages ​​is done automatically and there may be errors! Annex of the former Radio Prishtina (first floor) George Bush pn, 10000 Prishtina Volume 9 - 2022 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.724234 This article is part of the Research TopicNovel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategies for Retinal DiseasesView all 42 articles To evaluate the outcomes of 25-guage (G) pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with air tamponade for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) with inferior breaks This retrospective consecutive case series included fifty-two eyes of fifty-two RRD patients with inferior breaks who underwent 25-G PPV with air tamponade These patients were followed up for at least 6 months following surgery Primary and final anatomical success rates and postoperative complications were the main outcome measures The mean age of the patients (39 men and 13 women) was 51.8 ± 11.8 years There were 49 primary RRDs (94.2%) and three recurrent RRDs (5.8%) The mean follow-up period was 8.2 ± 1.6 months (range: 6–13 months) Sixteen eyes (30.8%) presented with high myopia Proliferative vitreous retinopathy grade was C1 in four eyes (7.7%) two (3.8%) were complicated with choroidal detachment The single- and final-operation success rates were 96.2% and 100% secondary cataract surgery was performed in eight eyes (17.4%) of the 46 phakic eyes 25-G PPV with air tamponade is effective in treating selected RRD patients with inferior breaks Patients can benefit from early visual recovery and less complications such as 14% perfluoropropane (C3F8) and 18% sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) or silicone oil are injected into the vitreous cavity to support retinal breaks closure and assure chorioretinal adhesion establishment we conduct this retrospective study to evaluate the surgical outcomes of RRD patients with inferior retinal breaks treated with 25-gauge (G) PPV using air tamponade only We reviewed medical records of all RRD patients from April 2018 to April 2021 who underwent 25-G PPV with air tamponade These patients had at least one causative break located in the inferior retina (between 4 and 8 o’clock meridian) The exclusion criteria included giant retinal tears proliferative vitreous retinopathy (PVR) grade C2 or greater myopic macular hole-associated retinal detachments The Ethics Committee of the Second People’s Hospital of Foshan approved the study It was performed following the Tenets of the World Medical Association’s Declaration of Helsinki Written consent for surgical treatment was obtained from each patient Two surgeons conducted all surgeries under retrobulbar anesthesia (PSh and XK) After proper conjunctival sac disinfection using povidone-iodine a standard three-port 25-G PPV was performed using the Alcon Constellation Vision System (Alcon Laboratories United States) and a non-contact wide-angle viewing system (the RESIGHT 700 The vitrectomy was conducted using a cut rate of 5,000 cuts per minutes (cpm) with proportional vacuum settings and a maximum vacuum of 450 mmHg Phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation were performed simultaneously if lens opacification was visually significant the manual posterior vitreous detachment (if absent) was induced using vitreous cutter near the optic disc Careful inspection was performed routinely with the assistance of triamcinolone and soft tip of the flute needle to detect vitreoschisis The peripheral vitreous base was shaved up to ora serrata under 360° scleral indentation All visible PVR membranes were peeled cautiously After complete vitrectomy and meticulously searching for all existing breaks the retina was flatten using fluid-air exchange (air pressure = 30 mmHg) The subretinal fluid (SRF) was drained out through existing breaks or drainage retinotomy Retinal breaks and degenerative areas were treated by endolaser photocoagulation the residual fluid was drained off with the flute needle to ensure complete air-fill of the vitreous cavity Sclerotomies were carefully closed in case of air leakage Patients were required to maintain an alternative supine or lateral position at least 12 h/day for no less than 5 days Follow-up examinations were scheduled at 1 day axial length (AL) measurement for the highly myopic eyes was performed using Lenstar LS 900 (Haag-Streit AG We prescribed dexamethasone eyedrops and ophthalmic ointment (TobraDex Alcon) for each patient after the surgery for 2 weeks For statistical analysis, BCVA in the Snellen value was converted to the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR). Visual acuity of light perception, hand movements, and counting fingers were assigned as 2.9, 2.6, and 2.3, respectively (15) Mann-Whitney U test was employed to compare BCVA All continuous data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation P values < 0.05 were considered significant Analyses were performed using SPSS for windows 21.0 (SPSS Inc. Fifty-two eyes of 52 consecutive patients (39 men and 13 women) with causative inferior breaks were recruited. Baseline characteristics are summarized in Table 1 Supplementary Material showed the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of each patient The mean age was 51.8 ± 11.8 years (range: 28–79) and the mean follow-up was 8.2 ± 1.6 months (range: 6–13 months) Sixteen patients (30.8%) presented with high myopia with a mean AL of 28.21 ± 1.66 mm (range: 26.15–31.12 There were 46 phakic eyes (88.5%) and six pseudophakic eyes (11.5%) The posterior lens capsule was intact in three eyes (50.0%) Yttrium–aluminum–garnet laser capsulotomy was performed in the other three eyes (50.0%) with the numeral one referring to the number of quadrants with visible PVR membrane formation Clinical characteristics of 52 eyes undergone 25-G PPV with air tamponade for RRD with inferior breaks This series included forty-nine primary RRDs (94.2%) and three recurrent RRDs (5.8%) two were vitrectomized eyes (Case 20 underwent lens extraction and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation and silicone oil removal 7 years ago; Case 24 underwent lens extraction and IOL implantation and silicone oil removal 8 months ago) Yttrium–aluminum–garnet laser capsulotomy was performed for both patients Another patient (Case 25) underwent scleral buckling for primary detachment 1 year ago Two eyes (3.8%) were complicated with choroidal detachment Four patients who had lens opacification with visual significance underwent PPV combined with cataract surgery Clinical characteristics of retinal breaks Retinal reattachment after single surgery was achieved in 50 of the 52 patients (96.2%). The other two patients received vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade as a salvage treatment, and no one had redetachment after silicone oil removal until the last follow-up. Table 3 shows the clinical characteristics of the two patients and Case 49 was related to the newly developed macular hole Clinical characteristics of patients with primary reattachment failure Mean preoperative logMAR BCVA (Snellen equivalent 20/796) was 1.60 ± 0.93 (range: 0–2.6 The mean postoperative logMAR BCVA (Snellen equivalent 20/55) was 0.44 ± 0.24 (range: 0–1.1 showing a significant improvement (P < 0.001) The air was completely absorbed 9–12 days following surgery Temporary IOP elevation (>21 mmHg) occurred in seven highly myopic patients 1 week after the surgery and was controlled well using topical medications without any permanent damage and other serious complications were not observed eight eyes (17.4%) of the 46 phakic eyes underwent secondary cataract surgery This retrospective consecutive case series included fifty-two eyes of fifty-two RRD patients demonstrating that inferior breaks in RRDs can be effectively managed with 25-G PPV combined with air tamponade fifty patients (96.2%) achieved successful retinal reattachment after a single surgery This technique demonstrated favorable surgical outcomes and fewer complications long-acting gas significantly affects postoperative visual rehabilitation and requires a prolonged prone position Silicone oil can also lead to many potential complications these patients require additional surgery to remove silicone oil attempts have been made to shorten the prone positioning period and minimize complications by using air Consistent with previously reported results with single and final operation success rates of 96.2 and 100% provides further evidence that air tamponade is sufficient to establish a stable chorioretinal adhesion and achieve retinal reattachment in RRDs with inferior breaks They found that the gas could adequately support and seal superior and inferior parts of the retina in the supine position the patients in this study were instructed to maintain an alternative supine or lateral position implying that intraocular air bubble can effectively seal inferior breaks and enhance SRF absorption the supine position is less demanding and easier for the patients to maintain It is essential to identify and treat all retinal breaks excessive laser may cause retinal necrosis and small These holes are difficult to identify within the patches of chorioretinal atrophy most patients had severe vitreous liquefaction or horseshoe tears with strong vitreoretinal traction we did not choose scleral buckling as the primary treatment Our experience with this case series provides further evidence that the complete vitrectomy with air tamponade could be effective in repairing RRDs with inferior breaks the retina of fifty eyes completely reattached after a single surgery eight eyes (17.4%) underwent secondary cataract surgery during follow-up The air usually remains in the eye for about 1 week The shorter duration of intraocular air contacting with the lens may reduce the risk of cataract development or progression including its retrospective design and the lack of a control group The retrospective design has an inherent risk of selection bias all patients were enrolled from a single tertiary institution we observed a satisfactory success rate using 25-G PPV with air tamponade in repairing RRDs with inferior breaks This technique has a faster visual rehabilitation The high success rate of this study suggests that air has emerged as a reasonable alternative for tamponade in the management of RRDs with inferior breaks Prospective comparative studies to assess the efficacy of this technique for complex RRDs are required in the future work Patient No. 15 (Figure 1) Fundus photograph taken preoperatively and postoperatively of the patient (No 15) undergoing 25-G PPV with air tamponade (A) A total RRD (range: 12 clock hours) with an inferonasal horseshoe tear (2.5 PD) and posterior PVR (B) Postoperative 6-day follow-up: the retina reattached There was an air bubble in the vitreous cavity (C) Postoperative 6-month follow-up: the retina reattached with the firm chorioretinal adhesion induced by laser coagulation Patient No. 27 (Figure 2) 27) undergoing 25-G PPV with air tamponade (A) A macular-off RRD (range: 11 clock hours) with nine horseshoe tears in superotemporal and inferonasal quadrants and posterior PVR (B) Postoperative 5-day follow-up: the retina reattached (C) Postoperative 4-month follow-up: the retina reattached The data can be obtained with a request to the corresponding authors There is no confidential data or any restriction on accession to the original data The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by Ethics Committee of the Second People’s Hospital of Foshan The patients/participants provided their written informed consent to participate in this study and XL had full access to all data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis and PSu had roles in the clinical management PSh had roles in data collection and statistical analysis XL and MH contributed to critical revision of the report All authors reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript This work was supported by Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province China (2019B1515120011); Science and Technology Planning Project of Foshan Guangdong (1920001001336); Guangdong Medical Research Foundation China (B2019079); Postdoctoral Program of International Training Project for Young Talents in Guangdong Province 2020; and Clinical Research Project of Bethune-Merck Diabetes Foundation The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.724234/full#supplementary-material PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar Regional practice patterns for retinal detachment repair in the United States PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar Vitreoretinal surgery with silicone oil tamponade in primary uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: clinical outcomes and complications Pars plana vitrectomy versus scleral buckling for repairing simple rhegmatogenous retinal detachments Surgical outcomes of 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy using air as an internal tamponade for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment Incidence and management of elevated intraocular pressure after silicone oil injection CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar Pars plana vitrectomy with partial tamponade of filtered air in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment caused by superior retinal breaks Air tamponade and without heavy liquid usage in pars plana vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair The comparison of the surgical outcome of 27-gauge pars plana vitrectomy for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment between air and SF6 gas tamponade Air versus gas tamponade in retinal detachment surgery AIR versus gas tamponade in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with inferior breaks after 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy: a prospective randomized comparative interventional study Pars plana vitrectomy alone for the management of inferior breaks in pseudophakic retinal detachment without facedown position Management of inferior breaks in pseudophakic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with pars plana vitrectomy and air The classification of retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar and perfluoropropane after pars plana vitrectomy Pars plana vitrectomy with medium-term postoperative perfluoro-N-octane for recurrent inferior retinal detachment complicated by advanced proliferative vitreoretinopathy Early retinal adhesion from laser photocoagulation CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar Pars plana vitrectomy alone for the management of pseudophakic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with only inferior breaks Evaluation of intraocular gas using magnetic resonance imaging after pars plana vitrectomy with gas tamponade for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment Vitrectomy and gas for inferior break retinal detachments: are the results comparable to vitrectomy Retrospective comparison of 25-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy to 20-gauge vitrectomy for the repair of pseudophakic primary inferior rhegmatogenous retinal detachment Pars plana vitrectomy for the repair of primary inferior rhegmatogenous retinal detachment associated to inferior breaks A comparison of a 25-gauge versus a 20-gauge system Vitrectomy surgery increases oxygen exposure to the lens: a possible mechanism for nuclear cataract formation Lu X and He M (2022) Air Tamponade for Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment With Inferior Breaks After 25-Gauge Pars Plana Vitrectomy: Technique and Outcome Copyright © 2022 Shen, Kong, Zhou, Su, Lu and He. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) *Correspondence: Xiaohe Lu, bHV4aDYzQDE2My5jb20=; Xiangbin Kong, eGlhbmdiaW5fa29uZ0BzaW5hLmNvbQ==; Mingguang He, bWluZ2d1YW5nLmhlQHVuaW1lbGIuZWR1LmF1 The company says its goal is to create an autonomous aircraft that can make safe Plana also plans to open an office in the United States Electric aircraft manufacturer Joby Aviation and Skyports Infrastructure are developing a moveable passenger terminal, called a “Living Lab,” where they will test technologies and procedures to shape how customers experience vertical flight United Airlines is investing $15 million in Eve Air Mobility with an agreement to purchase up to 400 of its eVTOL aircraft Vaillo + Irigaray and BAAS Arquitectura have together won the restricted competition to build a higher conservatory of music and dance in Castellón de la Plana The ‘campus’ embraces a large open inner space This garden is intended as a place for interaction between students and will serve as a venue for different open-air activities establishing a continuous pedestrian route that passes by the Auditorium The circular outdoor auditorium is situated at one of the corners of the patio The three independent buildings are separated by the accesses to the inner garden the volume is topped with a roof whose slope starts low and rises gradually to block the view of the residential blocks behind The two facades are made up of lines of screened ceramic concrete pillars that hold up slabs of cross-laminated timber the most public and shared spaces – such as the four auditoriums and the accessways to the three buildings – are connected by a perimeter porch leading out to the garden that acts as a cloister there arent any match using your search terms “I never wanted to be a lawyer – I just wanted to play one,” said actor and activist Tony Plana ’75 to an overflowing audience of Loyola Marymount University theatre arts students for the latest installment of “CFA Conversations With …” a speaker series that features successful alumni from the LMU College of Communication and Fine Arts returning to campus for intimate conversations and Q&As with students and faculty The Cuban American actor and LMU Theatre Arts major returned to the bluff to offer fundamental advice for the aspiring actors and performers in the audience and related illuminating anecdotes about his experience as a minority actor in Hollywood Plana has played majors roles in numerous television shows and major motion pictures including ABC’s “Ugly Betty” and “Desperate Housewives,” HBO’s “The Young Pope,” as well as his appearances movies including the recent films “Pain & Gain” and “Bombshell.” But success didn’t always come so easily to him When Plana first entered the acting sphere there were barely any roles that Latino actors could play outside of predictable tropes “I’ve played every Latino stereotype except for the pregnant teenager” when referring to the acting opportunities he had perhaps because of the challenges he faced Plana went on to spend his career committed to equitable representations in entertainment racism he faced in his career motivated him to create Arts in Play an acting company solely consisting of actors of color so that people of all colors and orientations could see themselves represented in classical acting productions One highlight for the company was presenting a production of “Much Ado About Nothing,” featuring Mariachi music He also brings his acting company to schools that do not have much funding for the arts impassioned by a goal to validate the necessity of the performing arts as a valuable curriculum component in public schools Plana offered some practical advice for aspiring actors He emphasized that young actors must understand the value that theater acting has and that it is a critical part of the development of an actor’s work ethic and talent development as it gives actors more job opportunities for career longevity a place where he could study theatre arts in the context of a broader liberal arts education He encouraged the student audience to stay open minded and to study multiple subjects A variety of experiences helps create a truly multidimensional human and play anyone!” Sound advice from a fellow lion who has found incredible professional success and has dedicated his career and life to expanding theatre opportunities for all See All Campus News Stay up to date on LMU news via email alerts and RSS feeds. Copyright © 2025 Loyola Marymount University Cooking on gas causes over 1,300 people in the Netherlands to die earlier each year than they would have done without this cooking method researchers from the Jaume I University in Castellón de la Plana While the average Dutch person lives to be over 81 years old people who cook on gas lose an average of almost 2.6 years of life The main culprit is the nitrogen dioxide (NO2) from the gas combustion itself The combination with other substances in the air and prolonged cooking can also play a role There has been concern about the consequences of cooking on gas for some time many children are said to show asthma symptoms as a result The scientists studied the consequences of using gas stoves in homes in 14 countries in the European Union and Great Britain they estimate the number of premature deaths from cooking on gas at almost 40,000 around 6,000 people die earlier than average it concerns over 400 premature deaths per year research organization TNO warned that cooking on gas is often dirtier than cooking on electricity It more often results in an excess of the advisory values of nitrogen dioxide of the European Union and the World Health Organization (WNO) TNO concluded after researching 247 homes in various countries TNO emphasized the importance of using an extractor hood 3at4Bucknell Pirates Edged by Bucknell2/17/2024 5:48:00 PM | Women's Tennis vsITA Regionals Plana Ventosa and Sereda Represent Pirates at ITA Regionals10/7/2023 5:25:00 PM | Women's Tennis 3vs4Hofstra Brooker and Plana Shine in Seton Hall's Spring Opener2/2/2024 11:13:00 PM | Women's Tennis 2vs5Creighton Pirates Fall Short to Creighton3/5/2024 9:02:00 PM | Women's Tennis Suggestions or feedback? If we can better understand the causes and consequences of war That is the guiding philosophy of faculty and students at the Security Studies Program (SSP), explains Sara Plana a fifth-year PhD candidate in the MIT Department of Political Science Plana was recently named the inaugural recipient of the Jeanne Guillemin Prize at the Center for International Studies (CIS) The prize provides financial support to women studying international affairs and was endowed at CIS by the late Jeanne Guillemin an authority on biological weapons and a senior advisor at SSP.  Plana will apply the funds toward her dissertation research into the phenomenon of proxy warfare.  “There’s actually a lot of variation in the degree to which states are able to use their leverage over non-state proxy armed groups,” says Plana. “I'm trying to understand when states are able to use proxies as intended The proxy war in Syria is among her case studies is among the deadliest wars of the 21st century.  A 2018 report by the World Bank estimated more than 400,000 deaths 5 million people seeking refuge abroad “The question of whether states can or can’t control proxy groups has important implications for international peace and security,” explains Plana “My project illuminates when states can motivate proxies to take risks keep them from taking actions that could escalate a conflict or prevent them from victimizing civilians." Plana grew up understanding the ways in which global politics can be personal Her grandparents and parents fled Cuba after the ascent of the regime of Fidel Castro and ultimately settled in South Florida “My family experienced the human cost of a war I try to be objective and rigorous but also recognize that what I study has a very real human impact.”  Plana graduated magna cum laude with a BA in government from Harvard University Her undergraduate thesis on war crimes in the Bosnian civil war received the Thomas Hoopes Prize for outstanding scholarly work.   her thesis advisor — now an assistant professor of national security affairs at the Naval War College — suggested Plana continue on with her research.  “I never thought a doctorate degree was possible,” says Plana “But Jess and another of my faculty mentors I would not be where I am today.” Rosen is the Beton Michael Kaneb Professor of National Security and Military Affairs at Harvard Plana feels incredibly fortunate to be a part of the political science department and SSP community “SSP is really a unique offering among political science departments It’s saturated with both faculty and students who work on international security topics but from a variety of angles This ethos extends beyond SSP and is manifested in every department Plana is committed to helping support women pursuing careers in security studies — a field traditionally dominated by men She and Rachel Tecott, also a fifth-year doctoral candidate in political science at SSP, launched the Future Strategy Forum (FSF) a conference series amplifying the expertise of female scholars and practitioners in international security while creating opportunities for connection.  FSF was inspired in part from earlier work by both Plana and Tecott as co-chairs of a working group Women in International Politics and Security Guillemin was instrumental in establishing this working group at CIS which has proven effective in connecting women graduate students and faculty in the greater Boston area.  “I am truly humbled to be a recipient of the Jeanne Guillemin Prize I hope that my work can live up to her expectations.”  This website is managed by the MIT News Office, part of the Institute Office of Communications Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts Avenue Metrics details Seborrheic keratosis (SK) is a common skin disease in the elderly in cases where SK presenting as multiple skin-colored or clustered lesions can be easily misdiagnosed as verruca plana (VP) This retrospective study investigated the prevalence of SK and VP in the lesions that appear clinically similar to VP according to age We examined the pathology slides of the skin tissue and photographs of patients who were clinically suspected to have VP A total of 503 patients were included in the study out of which 174 patients were finally diagnosed with SK (34.6%) and 132 with VP (26.2%) The mean ages of the SK- and VP-diagnosed group were 39.3 and 35.4 years SK had a higher prevalence among individuals older than 30 years and relative frequency of SK should not be ignored in patients with a grouped distribution in their 20 s and 30 s our study suggests that multiple verrucous skin-colored to brownish plaques are also commonly diagnosed as SK in young people as well as VP and the prevalence of SK and VP may not always depend solely on chronological aging and the prevalence of SK among young people may be higher than commonly believed stereotypes suggest we analyzed the histology of clinically diagnosed VP-like lesions according to age in a real-world setting assessed the prevalence of SK that clinically mimics VP in young adults between SK- and VP-diagnosed patients Representative clinical photographs of verruca plana (VP)-like seborrheic keratosis (SK) and verruca plana in different age groups (a) Multiple skin-colored papules on the face that diagnosed as SK c) Skin-colored to brownish papules on face that diagnosed as SK (d) Skin-colored round papules on arm that diagnosed as SK (e) Multiple skin-colored papules on the face that diagnosed as VP g) Skin-colored to brownish papules on face that diagnosed as VP (h) Brownish papules on trunk that diagnosed as VP Patients aged > 30 years with highly suspicious verruca plana (VP)-like lesions are more likely to be diagnosed as having seborrheic keratosis (SK) (a) Comparison of frequency of SK and VP according to chronological age distribution in the study population (b) Comparison of prevalence of SK and VP among all categories of VP-like lesions according to chronological age distribution Subgroup analysis of age distribution and prevalence of verruca plana (VP) and seborrheic keratosis (SK) in the subgroup with grouped or erythematous to skin-colored lesion (a) Age distribution of VP and SK with grouped lesions (b) Prevalence of VP and SK in grouped lesions subgroup (c) Age distribution of VP and SK with erythematous to skin-colored lesions (d) Prevalence of VP and SK in erythematous to skin-colored lesions subgroup the likelihood of diagnosis of SK increases the average ages at the time of diagnosis were 39.3 and 35.4 years the 30–39 age group showed a higher proportion of SK-diagnosed cases than VP-diagnosed cases Both SK-diagnosed- and VP-diagnosed cases showed a similar prevalence in the 20–29 age group These findings suggested that clinically presented VP-like lesions were mostly SK and the prevalence proportion of SK should not be ignored in patients in their 1920s and 1930s They suggested that SK is also common in young people although VP usually requires treatment because of high risk of transmission to others SK does not cause medical problems other than cosmetic concerns differentiation between these two diseases is required to relieve the patients from unnecessary distress and for medical counseling dermatologists should not hesitate to perform a skin biopsy in highly-suspected cases in order to differentiate between these two conditions unexpected development of SK in young patients may be caused by accelerated cellular senescence Further studies are needed to identify the association with pathogenesis of SK and cellular senescence The study population did not include all VP-like lesions there may is a potential risk of selection bias as the included patients were those who underwent biopsies possibly indicating the presence of atypical VP-like lesions since we included all cases in which biopsy was performed with the clinical impression of both SK and VP we believe that our results are still meaningful because this study enrolled all cases in which biopsy was necessary to confirm the diagnosis of VP-like lesions owing to the difficulty in differentiating between the two diseases the study was conducted through a retrospective review of clinical photographs and electronic medical records and included patients from a single tertiary center due to the limitations of the retrospective study design we were unable to investigate the patients' Fitzpatrick skin type This limitation prevented us from accurately reflecting the patients' UV exposure or skin color we observed that lesions clinically diagnosed as VP in young adults were also commonly diagnosed as SK Despite the common conception that SK is diagnosed mostly in the elderly we suggest that SK can occur in individuals of all age groups As patients could suffer from unnecessary anxiety assuming the spread of the virus we think our observations will be helpful in reassuring young patients with lesions that may be confused with VP such as the chi-square test for categorical data were performed to evaluate statistical significance Results were considered statistically significant when the two-tailed p-value was less than 0.05 Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS Statistics 20.0 The study design was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Ajou University Hospital (AJOUIRB-DB-2022-494) All experiments were performed 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W. & Lee, A. Y. Upregulated guanine deaminase is involved in hyperpigmentation of seborrheic keratosis via uric acid release. Int. J. Mol. Sci. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212501 (2021) Download references The patients in this manuscript have given written informed consent to publication of their case details The authors confirm contribution to the paper as follows: study conception and design: J.C.K. S.Y.M.; analysis and interpretation of results: H.S.K. J.C.K.; draft manuscript preparation: H.S.K. All authors reviewed the results and approved the final version of the manuscript Download citation DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-55617-1 a shareable link is not currently available for this article Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science