Predicted lineups are available for the match a few days in advance while the actual lineup will be available about an hour ahead of the match The current head to head record for the teams are Erzgebirge Aue 2 win(s) Haven't kept a clean sheet in 7 matches Omar Sijaric has the most shots on target per match for Erzgebirge Aue (1) Have scored 9 goals in their last 5 matches Marcel Lotka is ranked 2 in saves per match in the competition (4) 20 Apr 2025 17:30:00 GMT?Erzgebirge Aue won 2–1 over Borussia Dortmund II on Sun 20 Apr 2025 17:30:00 GMT.InsightsHave scored 4 goals in their last 5 matches Erzgebirge Aue is playing home against Borussia Dortmund II at Erzgebirgsstadion on Sun Home de OneFootball Búsqueda Ajustes Inicia sesión Inicia sesiónÚneteU23s lose 1-2 at Erzgebirge Aue | OneFootballBorussia Dortmund The scenario: Dortmund's youngsters had not lost in six competitive games most recently recording two victories against promotion hopefuls SC Verl (1-0) and Energie Cottbus (4-1) Both clubs were looking to secure points to help in their fight against relegation Personnel matters: Top scorer Julian Hettwer was back in the starting line-up in Aue for the first time after his back injury, having enjoyed lively cameos as a substitute in the past three games. BVB coach Jan Zimmermann made four changes to his team from the win against Energie Cottbus Ayman Azhil and goalkeeper Silas Ostrzinski starting in place of Julien Duranville things suddenly went very fast: Omar Sijaric teed up Ali Loune Ostrzinski was only able to turn the ball on to the post The ball rebounded and rolled along the goal line where Borys Tashchy was waiting to poke the ball into the back of the net The setback caused the Dortmund game to fall apart The otherwise stable defence suddenly began to wobble the violets came very close to scoring a second goal Ostrzinski made two saves in the 19th and 22nd minutes before Tashchy's header went just wide of the post five minutes later This time it was the Dortmund team who hit their opponents quickly on transition after winning the ball Julian Hettwer and Paul-Philipp Besong linking up to outfox the FC Erzgebirge back line The crowning glory of the fine move was Besong's finish to make it 1-1 beating Aue goalkeeper Martin Männel from 14 metres out from the inside right Zimmermann team's enjoyed more possession of the ball in the final phase of the first half but again struggled to carve out scoring opportunities However, the Dortmund side did not allow themselves to be discouraged. Right at the beginning of the second half, Wätjen tried his luck from distance. However, the warning shot was not a problem for Männel in the 46th minute. It wasn't long afterwards that BVB conceded a second goal: Mika Clausen fired the ball into the left corner with his right foot from around 16 metres out to make it 2-1 to Aue on 54 minutes In front of 10,495 fans in the Erzgebirgsstadion, BVB refused to lie down and threw everything at their hosts in spite of the setback. Hettwer went agonisingly close to another equaliser. After a lovely pass from Eberwein, the striker found himself free in front of Männel, but the BVB top scorer's lobbed effort narrowly missed the goal in the 64th minute Zimmermann tried everything he could, bringing on three fresh faces in attack in Antonio Foti, Babis Drakas and Rodney Elongo-Yombo, but again BVB failed to find a way through the resolute Aue defence who did not offer them any gaps or space to exploit the U23s missed the chance to further ease any lingering worries in the fight against relegation the Black & Yellows find themselves 15th in the table four points ahead of the relegation places Head coach Jan Zimmermann: "We were just not as good today as we have been in recent games It is of course annoying that we fell 2-1 behind during our best period in the whole game We could not come up with a response to that we made a lot of errors and lost too many duels to take something away with us today Noticias RelacionadasReport: Guirassy committed to Dortmund despite €70m release clause BVB wants Soumaïla Coulibaly back for the Club World Cup Nico Schlotterbeck reinforces his commitment to BVB Daniel Svensson nominated for April "Rookie of the Month" Flick arrancará con Ferran Torres: «Creo que lo mejor será que Lewandowski empiece desde el banquillo» Es oficial, a pesar de que la vuelta de Robert Lewandowski ilusionó a toda la afición culé. Hansi Flick ha confirmado que, el polaco no será titular, pues regresa de... Se definen las semifinales de la Champions League: los detalles de dos partidazos Dani Olmo: «Veo al equipo bien, al 100 % de energía y motivación para el tramo final de temporada» WAUSAU – Nine minutes into Thursday night's sectional semifinal, the No. 1 Auburndale boys basketball found itself scoreless. That's when the Eagles responded with one of their most furious offensive surges of the season, behind seniors Blake Raab and Thomas Aue and junior Peyton Weinfurter. The come-from-behind victory helped them beat No. 2 Stratford 62-49 and earn a trip to the WIAA Division 4 sectional championship game Saturday at Stevens Point.  Raab led the rally with a flurry of 3-pointers, and his two-way playmaking would become too much, as he finished leading all scorers with 23 points, with Weinfurter adding 17. "We did not start out good," Raab said. "We missed almost every shot right away, but we stuck with it, trusted each other, and started knocking down some shots and played good defense. Auburndale got the wheels back in motion just in time after a setback to close out the season. Coach Chad Weinfurter said he wouldn't call it "revenge" but called that the feeling of picking yourself back up when you're down euphoric. He felt the Eagles played their best game against the Tigers, which was a welcome sight. "We had a little blip there at the end of the season, losing two in a row and costing us the conference title," Weinfurter said. "So, it feels really good to come back and beat Marathon and Stratford again after we lost to them at the end of the season." Aue said the Eagles are feeling good. As they head into their matchup against No. 1 Bonduel in the sectional final on Saturday, they are one step closer to their goal of a state championship.  They'll need to down a streaking Bears squad, which enters the sectional final with a handful of lopsided postseason wins.  But Weinfurter feels that performances like Thursday can help them get to that biggest goal. The team has followed through on what he and his coaching staff have stressed all season.  "We've been really preaching competing and being resilient," Weinfurter said. "It's one thing for a coach to say it, but it's another thing for the kids to do.  So just their reaction in this game, and from game to game … it's pretty darn good." Contact or send game stats/info to Sports Reporter Alfred Smith III at alfred.smith@gannett.com. Follow him on X, formerly known as Twitter, @AlfredS_III. Volume 11 - 2023 | https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2023.1112467 This article is part of the Research TopicModelling, Simulating and Forecasting Regional Climate and Weather, volume IIView all 8 articles We utilize a nudged simulation with the coupled regional atmosphere-ocean-sea ice model HIRHAM–NAOSIM over the Arctic to conduct an in-depth analysis of the impact of a sequence of three intense cyclones on the sea ice cover in the Barents and Kara Seas in February 2020 To clarify the underlying mechanisms we decompose changes in sea ice concentration (SIC) and thickness (SIT) into their dynamic and thermodynamic contributions and analyze them in concert with simulated changes in the wind forcing and the surface energy budget Our findings reveal that changes in SIT during and after the cyclone passages are mostly driven by dynamic processes such as increased ice drift and deformation the relative importance of dynamics and thermodynamics depends on the considered time scale and on the general conditions of the cyclone passages If cyclones follow on each other in rapid succession dynamic mechanisms dominate the SIC response for time scales of more than 2 weeks and thermodynamic effects via advection of warm-moist/cold-dry air masses on the cyclone’s front/back side only play a secondary role if sufficiently long time elapses until the arrival of the next storm thermodynamic SIC increase due to refreezing under the influence of cold and dry air at the backside of the cyclone becomes the dominating mechanism during the days following the cyclone passage which are characterised mostly by sea ice changes due to dynamics the relative importance of dynamic and thermodynamic mechanisms for cyclone impacts on the sea ice cover in winter remains a topic of research interest The objective of this study is to quantify the dynamic and thermodynamic contributions to changes in SIC and SIT in response to a sequence of cyclones in the BKS in winter and to explore the related mechanisms in detail utilizing a coupled regional climate model The presented sequence of cyclones consists of three intense storms that passed through the BKS in mid-February 2020 we evaluate the spatial patterns of cyclone-induced sea ice changes in winter and discuss their dependencies on the state of the sea ice cover An additional objective is to determine whether the sea ice has a memory of preceding cyclone passages that might influence its response to cyclones that follow HIRHAM–NAOSIM is applied over a circum-Arctic domain using rotated latitude-longitude grids with horizontal resolution of 1/4° (∼ 27 km) in the atmosphere component HIRHAM and 1/12° (∼ 9 km) in the ocean–sea ice component NAOSIM. More detailed information on the model components and their coupling are given by Dorn et al. (2019) HIRHAM was initialized with the corresponding ERA5 fields while NAOSIM was started from rest with temperature HIRHAM’s prognostic fields were nudged to the corresponding ERA5 fields with a uniform nudging time scale of 16.67 h (which corresponds to a nudging of 1% per time step) and 3 (based on 6-hourly SLP minima in the study domain) where the line color changes from bright to dark from the start to the end of the respective track The position of the RV Polarstern at the start of the first (end of the third) cyclone event is marked as black (red) cross Daily mean SIC and the 15% SIC contour (pink line) are shown for the day before the start of the first of the three cyclone passages (9 February 2020) SIC and cyclone tracks are based on the HIRHAM–NAOSIM simulation The main objective of this study is to separately quantify dynamic and thermodynamic sea ice changes during and after the cyclone passages to gain insights into the underlying mechanisms We approach this by temporally integrating HIRHAM–NAOSIM’s dynamic and thermodynamic SIT and SIC tendencies for specific time periods in order to decompose the overall sea ice changes in its respective components The overall sea ice changes are given by the model’s continuity equations for SIT (h) and SIC (A) as where v⃗ is the ice velocity and Shice, Show, SAice, and SAow are the thermodynamic growth rates, which are separately calculated for the ice-covered (superscript ‘ice’) and the open water part (superscript ‘ow’) of the grid cell. A detailed description of the thermodynamic growth rates is given by Dorn et al. (2009) The term DA represents the formation rate of open water due to shearing deformation (ridging) and is given as where Δ represents the total deformation, determined by the strain rate tensor ϵ̇ij (see Hibler, 1979) and K = 20 is an empirical constant the dynamic SIT and SIC tendencies are defined as and the thermodynamic SIT and SIC tendencies are we analyze these sea ice tendencies in concert with simulated changes in sea ice drift and surface energy budget (SEB) Since we focus on the impact of atmospheric variability on the sea ice–ocean system we define the SEB as the sum of atmospheric net radiative with positive values corresponding to a surface energy gain To cover the importance of the ocean for (thermodynamic) sea ice processes we additionally provide information on upward oceanic heat fluxes when discussing thermodynamic sea ice changes in Section 3.3.1 Daily means of 2-m air temperature (A–C) and integrated water vapour (IWV) (D–F) during cyclone 2 (17.2.2020—19.2.2020) based on the HIRHAM–NAOSIM simulation Green contour lines represent daily mean sea level pressure (in steps of 5 hPa); pink lines indicate the position of the ice edge (15% SIC) The position of the RV Polarstern at the corresponding days is marked as red cross Both before and after this particular cyclone event, the BKS region was affected by another cyclone with comparatively similar intensity and track (Figure 1, Supplementary Figures S5, S6) The first of the three cyclones occurred during February 10–13 (in the following referred to as cyclone 1) crossed the central Barents Sea between February 11–12 and entered the central Arctic close to Franz Josef Land The last of the three consecutive cyclones (in the following referred to as cyclone 3) occurred during February 21–25 and followed almost the same path as the second cyclone for most of its lifetime after reaching the central Arctic between Svalbard and Franz Josef Land The comparison of the nudged coupled model simulation with MOSAiC data demonstrates that the observed atmospheric variability in the central Arctic during this series of cyclones is captured well by the model (Supplementary Figure S2). With respect to larger spatial scales, the simulated patterns of 2-m air temperature and IWV over the BKS region agree with those of ERA5 (Supplementary Figure S1) This confirms the validity of the atmospheric forcing in the simulation but this signal does not reach the same order of magnitude as the negative SEB change due to turbulent heat fluxes Daily means of atmospheric surface energy budget (SEB) (A–C) sum of atmospheric turbulent surface heat fluxes (D–F) and net longwave radiation (G–I) during cyclone 2 (17.2.20—19.2.20) based on the HIRHAM–NAOSIM simulation Positive (negative) values indicate downward (upward) fluxes the SEB remains negative in ice-free grid-cells and is close to zero in ice-covered grid-cells Since both the December 2015/January 2016 cyclone and the January 2022 cyclone entered the BKS close to Svalbard on a more northerly route than the Mid-February 2020 cyclones it can be supposed that there is a strong variability in the surface impacts of individual cyclones depending on their track and presumably also on further cyclone properties which confirms the suitability of the coupled model simulation for our study Overall SIC change during the whole sequence of cyclones (9.2.20-25.2.2020) (A) temporally integrated dynamic (advective plus rafting and ridging) SIC change as well as mean sea ice drift vectors (B) temporally integrated thermodynamic SIC change (C) and difference between absolute values of temporally integrated dynamic and thermodynamic SIC change (D) based on the HIRHAM–NAOSIM simulation Solid (dashed) pink lines indicate the position of the ice edge (15% SIC) on 9.2.2020 (25.2.2020) Dashed (dotted) box in (A) indicates domain of spatially averaged SIC (SLP) changes in Section 3.5 who report on the importance of oceanic heat content for the melting of sea ice near Svalbard Further it should be mentioned that to some degree, thermodynamic SIC increases due to refreezing are not a direct consequence of the cyclone passages only, but would happen anyway in Arctic winter due to the seasonal sea ice growth. A rough estimate of this effect can be obtained from the study of Aue et al. (2022) who compared cyclone related SIC changes on daily to weekly timescales with a non-cyclone reference obtained from ERA5 data for the period 2000–2020 for Arctic winter (December to February) weekly SIC changes ranged from 1 to 10% in the BKS in the non-cyclone reference the strong thermodynamic SIC increases in the western part of the study domain (around Svalbard) are larger than usually in winter and the non-existing SIC growth south and east of Novaya Zemlya is unusual compared to non-cyclone conditions To gain further insights into the variability of the cyclone impacts on sea ice, we quantify the contributions of the individual cyclones one to three to the accumulated signal in the change of SIC. Accordingly, Figure 5 shows the SIC change simulated during each of the three cyclone passages In order to analyze whether the apparent impacts of a cyclone may include contribution by the preceding cyclone we make use of the fact that three cyclones with a similar track travelled across the BKS in a comparatively short time period SIC change during cyclone 1 (9.2.—13.2.2020) (A) cyclone 2 (15.2.—20.2.2020) (B) and cyclone 3 (20.2.—25.2.2020) (C) as well as temporally integrated dynamic SIC changes for cyclone 2 (D) and cyclone 3 (E) and temporally integrated thermodynamic SIC changes during cyclone 3 (F) Orange hatching indicates grid-cells that have lost at least 5 cm of SIT during the previous cyclone passage(s) All based on the HIRHAM–NAOSIM simulation Pink lines indicate the position of the ice edge (15% SIC) at the start of each cyclone passage the track of their cyclones resembles that of cyclone 1 more than those of cyclone 2 and 3 and the same is true with respect to the SIC changes in the BKS It has been shown that cyclone impacts on SIC are amplified when preconditioned by locally low to medium SIC (Aue et al., 2022). Additionally, it can be assumed that also SIT plays a role for the susceptibility of the sea ice cover to atmospheric forcing during cyclone passages (Zhang et al., 2012; Rheinlaender et al., 2022) To account for both of these effects while investigating a possible relevance of previous cyclone passages for the impact of the current cyclone on SIC we analyze the role of grid-cell mean sea ice thickness (SIT) also referred to as sea ice volume per unit area A possible explanation is that cyclone 1 did not stay as long over the consolidated ice pack as the more intense cyclone 2, which remained north of Svalbard and Franz Josef Land for around 2 days before decaying (Figure 1) The matching patterns of SIC changes during cyclone 3 and preconditioning during cyclone 2 might as well just be a coincidence or related to the fact that both cyclones had a very similar track and presumably exerted a similar wind forcing on the sea ice cover detailed future research is needed to more convincingly conclude about the effect of preconditioning of the sea ice for following cyclone passages North of Svalbard, the SIC was (temporary) decreased by up to 20% during cyclone 2 (Figure 5B), which was the most intense of the three cyclones. At the same grid-cells, thermodynamic SIC increase occurred during cyclone 3 due to refreezing (Figure 5F) This increase in SIC during cyclone 3 would not have been possible without the preceding cyclone 2 because SIC would have presumably been close to 100% in that part of the Arctic Ocean in February This constraint of typically high SIC values in Arctic winter might help to explain why dynamic SIC changes are more pronounced than their thermodynamic counterparts during this series of cyclone events for large parts of the study domain The only exception is found north of Svalbard but the comparatively strong refreezing in this region is related to the preceding cyclone passage as discussed earlier Temporally integrated thermodynamic SIC change (A–C) and difference between absolute values of temporally integrated dynamic and thermodynamic SIC change (D–F) during (20.2.—24.2.2020) shortly after (24.2.20—28.2.2020) and for a longer period after (24.2.—3.3.2020) cyclone 3 based on the HIRHAM–NAOSIM simulation Pink lines indicate the position of the ice edge (15% SIC) at the start of the cyclone passage it should be noted that the simulated SIT field is generally too smooth leading to an underestimation of SIT in the central Arctic and to an overestimation of SIT in the Kara Sea and some parts of the marginal ice zone Simulated SIT changes during the cyclone passages mainly consist of a decrease in SIT east of Novaya Zemlya and an increase in SIT northwest of Svalbard (Figure 7A). Generally, there are some differences between the simulated and observed SIT response to the cyclone passages (Supplementary Figures S4C, D) which should be kept in mind when interpreting the results the previously described main features around Novaya Zemlya and Svalbard are consistent in both datasets which confirms the applicability of the simulation for this case study Overall SIT change during the whole sequence of cyclones (9.2.20-25.2.2020) (A) temporally integrated dynamic SIT change as well as mean sea ice drift vectors (B) temporally integrated thermodynamic SIT change (C) and difference between absolute values of temporally integrated dynamic and thermodynamic SIT change (D) based on the HIRHAM–NAOSIM simulation who analyzed cyclone-related changes in ice thickness on a cyclone-centered grid in winter utilizing model simulations Since our analysis of changes in SIC demonstrated a large sensitivity of the thermodynamic effect to the time scale (Section 3.3.2), we further analyze this for changes in SIT (Figure 8) Temporally integrated thermodynamic SIT change (A–C) and difference between absolute values of temporally integrated dynamic and thermodynamic SIT change (D–F) during (20.2.—24.2.2020) this cannot be explained by the constraining boundary condition that the SIC at these grid-cells is almost 100% this region was also most strongly affected by the advection of warm and moist air masses in the cyclone’s eastern sector This leaves the open question how long the cyclone-induced stalling of ice growth is actually lasting To generalize the results from this case study and move towards more solid conclusions on dynamic and thermodynamic contributions to cyclone-driven sea ice changes we extend our analysis period to the whole winter of our selected year The time series of the daily SLP averaged over the BKS region (Figure 9, domain shown in Figure 4) is an indicator for cyclone activity in the BKS. The figure highlights the main cyclone cases during the period and their tracks are shown in the Supplementary Figure S9 The cyclone at the beginning of February affected the western BKS around Svalbard for several days starting at February 2 before moving southeastward through the Barents Sea while decaying The mid-February case of three successive cyclones was discussed in detail in Section 3 The two March events affected the BKS for several days each with one cyclone taking a similar path as the mid-February cases (through the southern Barents Sea to the Kara Sea into the central Arctic) and the other cyclone entering the BKS on a more northerly track close to Svalbard They occurred one after the other at intervals of approximately 1 week FIGURE 9. Difference of “absolute value of dynamic SIC change” minus “absolute value of thermodynamic SIC change” (blue line), both integrated over 5 days and averaged over the BKS (domain shown in Figure 4). Blue filled areas indicate the anomaly compared to the Jan. to March 2020 mean (black dotted line). Red line indicates SLP averaged over the BKS (domain shown in Figure 4) Grey areas highlight the main cyclone cases in Jan numbers indicate the three cyclones analyzed in Section 3 In agreement with our previous analysis of three consecutive cyclones in mid-February (Figure 4; Figure 6) the SIC difference is shifted towards more positive values (compared to the mean value) during these cyclone passages This indicates a dominance of dynamic over thermodynamic contributions for up to 2 weeks After the last of the three cyclones however a shift towards smaller values indicates an increasing relative importance of thermodynamic processes for SIC changes which lasts for about 2 weeks with comparatively high air pressure A similar phase of higher relative importance of thermodynamic SIC changes under high air pressure conditions can be found end of January This can be related to the fact the series of the mid-February cyclones started shortly afterwards The main objective of our study is to quantify cyclone-related dynamic and thermodynamic impacts on the sea ice cover in order to clarify which of these mechanisms is more important in Arctic winter It turns out that for the presented sequence of three intense cyclones in February 2020 dynamic contributions are the dominating mechanism for changes in SIC and SIT Especially cyclone-related decreases in SIC and SIT are almost exclusively driven by dynamic processes The role of thermodynamics is limited to drive increases in SIC and SIT due to refreezing of leads after the cyclone passages and to enhance ice growth under cold and dry conditions on the cyclones’ western flank after the passing of the cyclones the increased thermodynamic ice growth of the now thinner ice continues while the dynamic changes only have an immediate effect during the cyclones passing thermodynamics locally outweigh the importance of dynamics on timescales of about 1 week following the cyclone passage mostly in the consolidated ice pack and less frequently in the MIZ close to the ice edge where dynamic sea ice changes are most pronounced mostly taking place a couple of days after the cyclone passage If our findings are representative for winter cyclones this would suggest that the reported SIC increases are likely driven by thermodynamics dynamical mechanisms could reasonably explain the strong SIC changes initially taking place during most cyclones by redistributing the sea ice while enhanced ice growth in leads in the more consolidated ice pack offers an explanation for the positive ice mass balance impact after the cyclone passage It should be noted that this mechanism only works in regions with cold surface waters. For instance, if sea ice is advected over warmer Atlantic water south of the polar front in the Barents Sea or over the Yermack Plateau north of Svalbard, the ice will be subject to basalt melt. If cyclones mix up warmer sub-surface waters, this can further change the regions with stronger oceanic heat flux impact (Duarte et al., 2020) Another factor that seems to restrict the thermodynamic increase in SIC after the cyclones is the time available until the following cyclone passage Decomposing the sea ice changes for the whole sequence of cyclone events reveals that dynamics can be the dominating mechanism for changes in SIC and SIT on time scales of more than 2 weeks if cyclone passages occur in quick succession a relatively coarse atmosphere resolution (1/4° in our model as well as in ERA5) has its limitation in this regard identifying the key parameters that determine the impact of a specific cyclone on sea ice is not only a complex but also an important research task particularly in order to make reliable predictions on future cyclone impacts on sea ice in a warming Arctic All authors contributed to conception and design of the study WD provided the database of the study consisting of the coupled model simulation and AR were in charge of carrying out the scientific analysis and creating the figures and WD wrote the first draft of the manuscript All authors contributed to manuscript revision and AR acknowledge the funding by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG German Research Foundation) project 268020496 TRR 172 within the Transregional Collaborative Research Center “ArctiC Amplification: Climate Relevant Atmospheric and SurfaCe Processes and AR acknowledge the funding by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation framework programme under Grant agreement no We further thank three anonymous reviewers for their helpful feedback This work used resources of the Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum (DKRZ) under project ID aa0049 We acknowledge support by the Open Access Publication Funds of Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-und Meeresforschung The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2023.1112467/full#supplementary-material New insights into cyclone impacts on Sea Ice in the atlantic sector of the Arctic Ocean in winter CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar Blanchard-Wrigglesworth Record arctic cyclone of january 2022: Characteristics CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar The impact of the extreme winter 2015/16 Arctic cyclone on the Barents-Kara seas CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar Arctic sea ice growth in response to synoptic- and large-scale atmospheric forcing from CMIP5 models 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recovery of Arctic sea ice CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar The ECMWF operational ensemble reanalysis–analysis system for ocean and sea ice: A description of the system and assessment CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar Spreen G and Rinke A (2023) Impact of three intense winter cyclones on the sea ice cover in the Barents Sea: A case study with a coupled regional climate model Received: 30 November 2022; Accepted: 04 April 2023;Published: 14 April 2023 Copyright © 2023 Aue, Röntgen, Dorn, Uotila, Vihma, Spreen and Rinke. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited in accordance with accepted academic practice distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms *Correspondence: Lars Aue, bGFycy5hdWVAYXdpLmRl Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher 94% of researchers rate our articles as excellent or goodLearn more about the work of our research integrity team to safeguard the quality of each article we publish and Broadmoar’s For Gold became the winners of the Austrian "Bundeschampionate" held in Stadl Paura on 17 - 22 September 2024 Ladislav Fabris (SLO) and Elfriede Hazrati served as ground jury The 3-year old division was won by the Austrian premium licensed stallion Bartlgut's Venturini (by Von und Zu x Sir Donnerhall) bred by Herbert Stanek and owned by Edda & Wenzel Schmidt He was ridden by Hannes Lütte and scored a total of 8.43 points 8.5 for general impression and two 8s from the test riders for rideability and gaits The runner-up was Nadja Pollhammer aboard Moarhof's Friederike (by Bon Coeur x For Compliment) This mare is bred by the rider and owned by Philomena Geistberger The test riders differed in opinion and gave her 7.5 and 9 for rideability and gaits The 4-year old division was also won by a licensed stallion: El Camino FH (by  Escamillo x Foundation) under  Michael Spörk This young dressage stallion is bred and owned by the Holzleitner family The test riders scored him 8.5 and 9 for gaits and rideability so that he finished on a winning total of 8.36 points Stephanie Dearing rode Santa Viana (by Viva Gold x Facetto) to a second placed this mare scored a total of 8,29 points after receiving 8 for walk and trot The test riders gave the mare 9.0 and 8.5 points The A-level championship combines a group of 4 and 5-year olds and twelve horses competed in the final round Sophia Reuss topped the board on the 4-year old Broadmoars for Passion (by For Romance I x Fürst Piccolo) with a total of 8.64 points 8.5 for submission and 9 for general impression The runner-up was Großholzner Katrin aboard a familiar face in Austria last year's 4-year old champion Goggia (by Secret x  Furst Grandios) They were a fraction behind For Passion with 8.62 points in total 8 for submission and 8,6 for general impression Twelve combinations competed at L-level for the 5 and 6-year old dressage horses The winner was Laetitia von der Aue (by Sir Donnerhall x Londonderry) under Grand Prix rider Jacqueline Toniutti submission and general impression to average a winning total of 8.42 points The 6-year old mare is bred by Ulrike Gasser Großholzner and Goggia (by Secret x  Furst Grandios) picked a second reserve title in this division as they also earned 8 for trot and  8,2 for general impression at L-level There is also a championship for 7 and 8-year olds contested at S-level Broadmoar’s For Gold (by For Romance x Fürst Piccolo x Davignon) won the division under his owner and rider Nicola Baur-Rona the full brother of A-level champion For Passion Nadja Pllhammer on Moarhof's Wyanet (by Fursten-Look) scored 68.444% Stalls for Rent at Durondeau Dressage in Peer, Belgium Exceptionally Well Located Equestrian Facility in Wellington, Florida Well-built Equestrian Estate With Multiple Business Opportunities in Sweden Stable Units for Rent at Lotje Schoots' Equestrian Center in Houten (NED) For Rent: Several Apartments and Stable Wing at High-End Equestrian Facility Stable Wing Available at Reiterhof Wensing on Dutch/German border Real Estate: Well-Appointed Country House with Extensive Equestrian Facility in the U.K. Rémi Blot Erzgebirge Aue and Waldhof Mannheim have not drawn any of their last 5 matches against each other. Pascal Fallmann has created the most big chances for Erzgebirge Aue (7) Have scored 11 goals in their last 5 matches Terrence Boyd has the most shots on target per match for Waldhof Mannheim (1.7) Lukas Klünter has created the most big chances for Waldhof Mannheim (5) 16 Mar 2025 15:30:00 GMT?Waldhof Mannheim won 1–0 over Erzgebirge Aue on Sun 16 Mar 2025 15:30:00 GMT.InsightsHave scored 7 goals in their last 5 matches Erzgebirge Aue and Waldhof Mannheim have not drawn any of their last 5 matches against each other Erzgebirge Aue is playing home against Waldhof Mannheim at Erzgebirgsstadion on Sun The current head to head record for the teams are Hannover 96 II 0 win(s) Robin Kalem has the most shots on target per match for Hannover 96 II (1.2) Hayate Matsuda has created the most big chances for Hannover 96 II (6) Have scored 12 goals in their last 5 matches Pascal Fallmann has created the most big chances for Erzgebirge Aue (4) 17 Jan 2025 18:00:00 GMT?Hannover 96 II won 2–1 over Erzgebirge Aue on Fri 17 Jan 2025 18:00:00 GMT.InsightsHave scored 6 goals in their last 5 matches Hannover 96 II is playing home against Erzgebirge Aue at Eilenriedestadion on Fri The current head to head record for the teams are Dynamo Dresden 9 win(s) Have scored 10 goals in their last 5 matches Erzgebirge Aue have won the previous 2 matches against Dynamo Dresden. 01 Feb 2025 13:00:00 GMT?Dynamo Dresden won 2–1 over Erzgebirge Aue on Sat 01 Feb 2025 13:00:00 GMT.InsightsHave scored 11 goals in their last 5 matches Erzgebirge Aue have won the previous 2 matches against Dynamo Dresden Dynamo Dresden is playing home against Erzgebirge Aue at Rudolf-Harbig-Stadion on Sat The current head to head record for the teams are Energie Cottbus 5 win(s) Have kept the most clean sheets in the competition (10) Tolcay Cigerci is ranked 2 in big chances created in the competition (12) Have scored 6 goals in their last 5 matches Omar Sijaric has the most shots on target per match for Erzgebirge Aue (1.1) 29 Mar 2025 13:00:00 GMT?Energie Cottbus won 1–0 over Erzgebirge Aue on Sat 29 Mar 2025 13:00:00 GMT.InsightsHave scored 5 goals in their last 5 matches Energie Cottbus is playing home against Erzgebirge Aue at LEAG Energie Stadion on Sat OneFootball's home page Ricerca Impostazioni Accedi AccediIscrivitiU23s lose 1-2 at Erzgebirge Aue | OneFootballBorussia Dortmund Personnel matters: Top scorer Julian Hettwer was back in the starting line-up in Aue for the first time after his back injury, having enjoyed lively cameos as a substitute in the past three games. BVB coach Jan Zimmermann made four changes to his team from the win against Energie Cottbus However, the Dortmund side did not allow themselves to be discouraged. Right at the beginning of the second half, Wätjen tried his luck from distance. However, the warning shot was not a problem for Männel in the 46th minute. It wasn't long afterwards that BVB conceded a second goal: Mika Clausen fired the ball into the left corner with his right foot from around 16 metres out to make it 2-1 to Aue on 54 minutes In front of 10,495 fans in the Erzgebirgsstadion, BVB refused to lie down and threw everything at their hosts in spite of the setback. Hettwer went agonisingly close to another equaliser. After a lovely pass from Eberwein, the striker found himself free in front of Männel, but the BVB top scorer's lobbed effort narrowly missed the goal in the 64th minute Zimmermann tried everything he could, bringing on three fresh faces in attack in Antonio Foti, Babis Drakas and Rodney Elongo-Yombo, but again BVB failed to find a way through the resolute Aue defence who did not offer them any gaps or space to exploit Notizie CorrelateReport: Guirassy committed to Dortmund despite €70m release clause 📸 Pazzo Milan: in un minuto ribalta tutto e vince! Maignan 🤯 e Fofana 🚑 🧨 Jorginho riparte dal Brasile: accordo a un passo col Flamengo! Giocherà il Mondiale per Club 💥 Spalletti: “Con ADL rapporto conflittuale, mai più sentito! Mi aspettavo più umanità…” The current head to head record for the teams are Erzgebirge Aue 4 win(s) Omar Sijaric has the most shots on target per match for Erzgebirge Aue (1.3) Have scored 4 goals in their last 5 matches Thilo Töpken has the most shots on target per match for Alemannia Aachen (1.4) Soufian El-Faouzi has created the most big chances for Alemannia Aachen (4) 08 Feb 2025 13:00:00 GMT?Erzgebirge Aue vs Alemannia Aachen on Sat 08 Feb 2025 13:00:00 GMT ended in a 1–1 tie.InsightsHave scored 11 goals in their last 5 matches Erzgebirge Aue is playing home against Alemannia Aachen at Erzgebirgsstadion on Sat FC Saarbrücken defeated Erzgebirge Aue 2-0 in 3 This crucial win boosts their promotion hopes FC Saarbrücken roared back into the 3 Liga promotion race with a convincing 2-0 victory over FC Erzgebirge Aue following a recent slump of two defeats and two draws sees them closing the gap on third-placed Energy Cottbus Goals from Kasim Rabihic (40th minute) and Florian Krüger (49th minute) secured the three points for the Saarlanders at the Ludwigsparkstadion The victory was a welcome relief for Saarbrücken level with Cottbus (who still have a game in hand) Arminia Bielefeld currently leads the pack with 56 points Coach Rüdiger Ziehl made five changes to his starting lineup after the previous disappointing results with Saarbrücken dominating the match from the opening whistle Thoelke's early header hit the crossbar foreshadowing the attacking intent that would define their performance Saarbrücken's pressure eventually yielded results with Rabihic finding the back of the net after a good play by Civeja Krüger added a second goal early in the second half capitalizing on a chance created by the team's superior play While Saarbrücken missed opportunities to extend their lead they remained comfortably in control against a relatively weak Aue side The win marks a significant step towards their promotion aspirations Saarbrücken's focus now shifts towards maintaining momentum in the remaining matches Their upcoming fixtures will undoubtedly test their mettle but this victory against Erzgebirge Aue provides a much-needed boost of confidence and a renewed sense of purpose in their quest for a higher league place The team's improved performance and the successful changes made by Coach Ziehl indicate their potential to continue pushing towards their goal FC Saarbrücken won the match against Erzgebirge Aue with a 2-0 scoreline This victory was significant in their push for promotion to the next league The match between FC Saarbrücken and Erzgebirge Aue was played in the 3 the third tier of the German football league system This is a crucial league for teams aiming for promotion Coach Ziehl's tactical changes were highlighted as a key factor in FC Saarbrücken's 2-0 win His strategies clearly disrupted Aue's game plan and allowed Saarbrücken to dominate The win significantly boosts Saarbrücken's promotion hopes they've closed the gap on the league leaders and improved their position in the league table This article provides a summary of the match including tactical breakdowns and player statistics you could search for 'Saarbrücken vs Aue match report' online or check the official league website All trademarks are the property of their respective owners All rights reserved @ 2025 Nishtya Infotech (India) Ltd The Danish photographer discusses the closeness required to create good portraits Jacob Aue Sobol following his announcement earlier this year that he’s retiring from photography Enter the Portrait of Humanity award here even when it features people you didn’t previously know Could you explain how you manage to get to a point where you have a good enough relationship with your subject to create a portrait you are happy with Bangkok was a different situation from my previous projects (“I, Tokyo,” “the Gomez-Brito Family” in Guatemala, “Sabine”) because I wasn’t based there for more than a few weeks at a time and I had no deep personal connection with anyone when I came So it did become about forming a bond with people The people I photographed in Bangkok were people I was genuinely interested in I think they could feel that as well and that’s why they opened themselves to me to walk as an outsider down an alleyway by myself with a camera it was a way of showing my own vulnerability: I’m here and I’d like to meet you What you put on the table you receive in return At a point I realized any fear I had about meeting people or asking to photograph them was more something that existed in my head You’ve previously said that you could feel the distance between yourself and your subjects in Bangkok the language barrier and other invisible barriers like class – how did you manage to overcome these barriers in order to achieve a closeness that meant you felt able to take the photo It’s very hard for me to photograph anyone unless I’m physically close to them It’s very natural for me to want to get up next to them and focus on them and try to feel this sort of emotional connection that’s only possible with that sort of proximity It’s rare that I photographed anyone in Bangkok from much more than a meter away I needed to feel the person’s presence and use that as the starting point When taking portraits — particularly as a “stranger” — I’ve always tried to look for what I have in common with that person To build upon that is another way to achieve an emotional closeness and add layers to the picture the pictures can remain superficial or distant — exotic When I came back to Denmark from Bangkok I started my project “Home,” where I did many portrait sessions with people inside their apartments Very intimate moments: young and old couples in love I realized that’s where I could really achieve something closer to who I am and what I think is important in photography Other work you’ve produced is deeply personal Was is easier or harder to create portraits with someone you were so close to and how did this affect the dynamic of your work All of my work descended from “Sabine” because that project embodied where I’ve always derived meaning from photography – when there’s an emotional connection with the person or the kind of heightened sensitivity we feel when we’re in love I need to feel that warmth in order to connect with the pictures I didn’t know how to photograph strangers after Sabine because I often missed this personal connection What did these people on the street mean to me I’ve never been satisfied if I try to be the invisible What’s most interesting to me are the interactions and relationships In Tokyo and Bangkok I gradually learned to develop these spontaneous connections on the street starting with “Home” and going through my work in Siberia (“Road of Bones”) and America I’ve really focused on spending time with people I’ll take hundreds of photos of someone in a single portrait session For me it’s a way to get to know another person – insisting that we have something to share as humans and that every encounter can be a beautiful moment are the key components to creating a good portrait Before anything else I look for the emotional connection Portraits need to be less about photography and more about the relationship with the person in the frame That’s when it starts to go beneath the surface What should a portrait seek to convey about its subject I always look for something the subject has which we all have My pictures come from this fascination with the universality of human emotion and how it shows in individuals what should a portrait seek to say about the photographer who made it I always find myself in the people I photograph I find the things we share and I build around that I don’t consciously “seek” anything but rather I just focus on the person in front of me and remain myself What advice would you give an aspiring photographer Look for a connection between yourself and the person you want to make a portrait of Insist that this encounter is important to you Only photograph people you are fascinated by and curious about Fall in love – even if it’s just in that moment you announced that you were retiring from taking photographs I am really focused on becoming a fisherman now I bought my grandfather´s old farmhouse in the south of Denmark — he was also a photographer I found thousands of negatives in the attic from the 50’s He had four daughters and often used them as models in his work I spend most of my days there at sea catching cod Me and a small crew are building the first combined fishing/photography center in the world: the Brothas Centre for Fishing and Photography The idea is to combine my two passions in life and make us self-sufficient with farming and fishing Hopefully in a year or so we will be ready to host workshops and have a 100% in-house production place Over the past 18 years I took around 400,000 photographs So it also feels like a good time to take a breath and go through some of this work from Siberia The Brothas Centre for Fishing and Photography is also about creating a space where we can explore these ideas of emotional connectedness We all live very close together and spend a lot of time with each other and it can be a very intense experience The past year has truly been the one with the biggest changes in my life Only a year ago I was suffering from severe medical depression and after 6 months when I slowly got out of it I started looking at things in a different way and I knew that I could not go back to the same way things have been for the last 18 years – looking at life through a camera to be present and to breathe the air without looking for the next picture and you feel it in my work – the eagerness to take part in what is going on in front of the camera I realized that one of my best friends was the love of my life and next summer we are going to be parents Russia has blacklisted a popular informal movement that pushes youngsters into the criminal underground as an extremist organization, Interfax reported Monday Universal”) is based on prison culture and consists mostly of children and teenagers ruled indirectly by adult criminals Authorities warn that AUE “poses a real threat to the life and health of citizens “The Russian Supreme Court has granted the Russian Prosecutor General’s Office’s administrative claim by declaring the Arestantsky Edin movement [to be] extremist and banning its activity,” federal prosecutors told Interfax “The court has found that AUE is a well-structured and managed organization,” they added according to the General Prosecutor’s Office have committed extremist offenses and mass riots.” AUE’s activity is “based on criminal and extremist ideology and poses a real threat to the life and health of citizens,” the prosecutor’s office said.  Children and teenagers were actively recruited into the movement because “their psyche is most susceptible to destructive effects.” The Supreme Court ruling — made behind closed doors — effectively equates AUE to the Islamic State and the Taliban Its members now face up 12 years in prison on charges of organizing an extremist group.  An unnamed law enforcement source told the state-run TASS news agency that AUE has up to 34,000 active members in 40 Russian regions The presidential human rights council raised concerns about AUE in 2016 claiming that its young members were forced to donate money to prisoners in 18 regions This year, investigators in Siberia’s Tyumen region launched an internal probe after video emerged of regional law enforcement officials celebrating a colleague's promotion by shouting AUE slogans A court in Voronezh south of Moscow in 2019 declared AUE a constitutional threat to Russia because it places so-called “thief-in-law philosophy and prison code” above Russia’s legal system the Islamic State and the Taliban are terrorist groups banned in Russia Russia's Prosecutor General's Office has designated The Moscow Times as an "undesirable" organization criminalizing our work and putting our staff at risk of prosecution This follows our earlier unjust labeling as a "foreign agent." These actions are direct attempts to silence independent journalism in Russia The authorities claim our work "discredits the decisions of the Russian leadership." We see things differently: we strive to provide accurate We, the journalists of The Moscow Times, refuse to be silenced. But to continue our work, we need your help please support us monthly starting from just $2 and every contribution makes a significant impact independent journalism in the face of repression In part one of a frank and honest interview Jacob Aue Sobol tells Colin Pantall about why he stopped making pictures following his breakdown and why he's returned to the pictures he made in Greenland two decades ago with his new book Danish photographer Jacob Aue Sobol travelled to the isolated settlement of Tiniteqilaaq in East Greenland He fell for a Greenlandic girl called Sabine “I’m in love,” read the introductory text I’ve decided to stay in Tiniteqilaaq Now, 18 years after Sabine was published and became something of a cult classic, Sobol is making a new book, this time about James, one of the men who taught him to hunt and fish, the man whose home he spent so much time in. It’s a book that shares the same sense of immersion — within home, and within a land that time forgot — that made Sabine such a special publication It’s a book that has embedded within it Sobol’s own ideas on what photography can be and his struggles with how those ideas manifest themselves in his recent career In an interview from his home on the Danish island of Fejø and why he’s returned to the pictures he made two decades ago “I first went to Greenland after my father had died in a traffic accident,” he explains My father had given me this book by Thomas Frederiksen called Grønlandske Dagbogsblade which was like a diary of daily life in Greenland with these very minimalistic drawings We all reacted in different ways.” Sobol’s twin brother travelled to central America and started working at a children’s home and continued his own education as a photography student at the renowned Fatamorgana school in Copenhagen “I was experimenting in different directions but one thing that changed my perspective was studying under Anders Petersen in a one-week course I discovered that it’s really not about taking pictures It’s about being involved with the people you photograph It’s not a thing out there; it’s a part of you And the camera is just a tool that you choose to use.” He feels that the first real pictures he took as a photographer were those in Greenland and I see that everything that I did since — or have been looking for — is there in those pictures and in that place I need to remind myself why I take pictures and how I take pictures because I had periods where it became too much about photography again There was the process of becoming part of Magnum I always felt that even though I produced a lot I was always able to create a close contact with the people I photographed I always had the feeling that it was not only me looking but I was sharing an experience with the subject I feel I create this space by focusing on the things we have in common as humans — our emotions — and not all the things that are different and which divide us These things usually only exist on the surface it will never be the same as when you photograph the love of your life or your best friend So at some point I felt like I was producing too much amassing an archive of half a million pictures because I was used to having a very strong will I couldn’t go out and buy a litre of milk because it’s something that you can only feel when you are in it.” and my mother also pushed me to go running But clinical depression is something that you have to live with because it’s never going to go away completely It’s somewhere inside you with all the traumatic experiences we have in life It’s a matter of finding a way to live I need to respect more what kind of person I am and ask why I pushed myself so much to do all this?” and moved to a Danish island where life follows the rhythm of the sea and the soil part of the process of his rediscovery of the photographic rhythms he experienced when living in Greenland ”I haven’t taken any pictures since 2017 I didn’t take any pictures at all the first two years But now — and here is the connection back to why I started to photograph — it was someone I loved And that inspired me to start to take pictures again “I don’t know what’s going to happen with those pictures but it’s just a great feeling to have photography back to that point where it’s not about the photography or the project it’s about life and love and the close connection you have with the people you spend your life with I’m going back now to those Greenland pictures which are about being in a place where I photographed what I experienced and what I loved I have not been able to take that kind of picture again I think that’s also why I’m doing this book now.” In part two of this interview, published here in which he returns to his work in Greenland from two decades earlier but with an altogether different focus… and receive alerts when they’re in the news Proactive financial news and online broadcast teams provide fast informative and actionable business and finance news content to a global investment audience All our content is produced independently by our experienced and qualified teams of news journalists Proactive news team spans the world’s key finance and investing hubs with bureaus and studios in London We are experts in medium and small-cap markets we also keep our community up to date with blue-chip companies commodities and broader investment stories This is content that excites and engages motivated private investors The team delivers news and unique insights across the market including but not confined to: biotech and pharma crypto and emerging digital and EV technologies Proactive has always been a forward looking and enthusiastic technology adopter Our human content creators are equipped with many decades of valuable expertise and experience The team also has access to and use technologies to assist and enhance workflows Proactive will on occasion use automation and software tools all content published by Proactive is edited and authored by humans in line with best practice in regard to content production and search engine optimisation Aurum Resources Ltd advises that the securities of Mako Gold Ltd are due to be suspended from quotation on the ASX from the close of trading on Monday delisting of Mako shares from the ASX is expected to occur on the third business day following the suspension date This follows the compulsory acquisition notice released by Aurum on Friday subsequent to its successful takeover offer for Mako Gold READ: Mako Resources directors urge shareholders to accept Aurum’s final takeover offer The Aurum offer expires at 7:00 pm Sydney time on January 31 and Mako shareholders who have not yet accepted the takeover offer are encouraged to do so as soon as possible "If you do not accept the offer and your Mako shares are compulsorily acquired by Aurum your receipt of bid consideration will be delayed," Aurum said READ: Aurum Resources declares offer for Mako Gold unconditional Sign up to receive alerts and news direct to your inbox Aurum Resources Ltd has reported further high-grade gold intercepts from diamond drilling at the BDT3 prospect within its 1.59-million-ounce Boundiali Gold Project in Côte d'Ivoire.The latest results indicate mineralisation extending beyond the existing mineral resource estimate (MRE) area,.. All Rights Reserved - Proactive Australia PTY LTD ACN:132787654 ABN:19132787654 Market Indices, Commodities and Regulatory News Headlines copyright © Morningstar. Data delayed 15 minutes unless otherwise indicated. Terms of use Game-changing gold exploration at prolific Côte d’Ivoire Aurum Resources offers a compelling value proposition through its highly prospective gold asset in Côte d'Ivoire a fast-emerging gold region in West Africa Its cost-effective exploration strategy of drill rig ownership also distinguishes it from its peers Aurum Resources (ASX:AUE) is a mineral exploration company primarily focused on gold through its flagship Boundiali gold project located in Côte d’Ivoire Côte d'Ivoire's gold mining sector is experiencing significant growth and development with several key projects contributing to the country's economic expansion The overall gold mining sector in Côte d'Ivoire is supported by substantial investments in infrastructure and exploration Côte d'Ivoire outperforms most developing countries in the world in political Côte d'Ivoire continues to make notable strides in its political stability and Absence of Violence and Terrorism Index Aurum Resources (ASX:AUE) is a mineral exploration company primarily focused on gold through its flagship Boundiali gold project located in Côte d’Ivoire Boundiali Gold Project – BD Target 1 Artisanal Working Aurum has entered into a Bid Implementation Agreement with Mako Gold for Aurum to acquire 100 percent of the issued shares in Mako This proposed merger will allow both Aurum and Mako security holders to benefit from the combination of Aurum’s strong balance sheet and exceptional drilling efficiencies with AU$23 million in cash at the end of December 2024 to support work programs targeted at further resource definition across Aurum and Mako’s assets in northern Côte d'Ivoire Aurum is currently in its final phase of compulsory acquisition of remaining Mako shares after it received over 90% acceptance of MKG shares in late January 2025 The merger is backed by a highly experienced board and management team with extensive gold experience from grassroots discovery, through to resource drill-out, feasibility studies The Boundiali gold project in Cote d’Ivoire is located within the Boundiali Greenstone Belt which hosts Resolute’s Syama gold operation (11.5 Moz) and the Tabakoroni deposit (1 Moz) in Mali Neighbouring assets also include Barrick’s Tongon mine (5 Moz) and Montage Gold’s Kone project (4.5 Moz) The Boundiali project area covers the underexplored southern extension of the Boundiali belt where a highly deformed synclinal greenstone horizon traverses finer-grained basin sediments Tarkwaian clastic rocks lie in contact with a granitic margin The project benefits from year-round road access and excellent infrastructure The first stage of drilling at Boundiali occurred from late October 2023 to end of November 2024 for both the BM and BD tenements (BM1 and BM2; BD1 BD2 and BD3 targets) and was designed to test below-gold-in-soil anomalies oriented along NE trending structures define new gold prospects and define maiden JORC resources With over 63,000m diamond holes drilled during this period Maiden JORC gold resources estimate was delivered in late December 2024 Drilling costs are estimated at US$45 per metre as Aurum owns all of its eight drilling rigs and employs its operators representing a significant value proposition relative to peers who use commercial drilling companies that charge upwards of $200 per meter The company believes there is potential for multi-million ounce gold resources to be defined with hundreds thousands meters of drilling over years within the Boundiali Gold Project’s land holding areas The Boundiali gold project comprises four contiguous granted licenses: PR0808 (80 percent interest) PR0893 (80 percent and earning to 88 percent interest) and PR283 (earning to 70 percent interest) Historic exploration at PR0893 includes 93 AC drill holes and four RC holes geological mapping and extensive soil sampling have also been performed at PR0893 while PR0808 has had 91 RC holes drilled for 6,229 metres along with geochemical analysis and modeling Detailed geochemical sampling and drilling at PR414 revealed three strong gold anomalies and returned impressive high-grade results Following the renewal of its Boundali South (BST) exploration licence in September 2024 drilling at the Nyangboue deposit is planned for H1 2025 and H2 2025 Previous exploration at BST has returned impressive results including 20 m at 10.45 g/t gold from 38 meters In May 2024, Aurum entered a strategic partnership agreement to earn up to a 70 percent interest in exploration tenement PR283 has partnered with Ivorian company Geb & Nut Resources Sarl and related party (GNRR) to explore and develop the Boundiali North (BN) tenement which covers 208.87sq km immediately north of Aurum’s BD tenement Aurum announced it has earned 80 percent project interest after completing more than 20,000 m of diamond core drilling Boundiali Project JORC Mineral Resource Estimate Aurum has announced a maiden independent JORC mineral resource estimate of 1.59 Moz gold for its 1,037 sq The Boundiali Gold Project comprises the BST and Aurum has identified other prospects at Boundiali which have yet to be drilled the company has completed an extensive 63,927-metre diamond drilling program This aggressive exploration campaign has rapidly defined a significant gold resource of 50.9 Mt @ 1.0 g/t gold for 1.6 million ounces A 100,000 m of drilling is planned and being carried out at Boundiali using eight self-owned diamond rigs to drive resource growth with two JORC resources updates in 2025 In 2025, Aurum plans to launch a mining exploitation licence application and complete a PFS and environment study for the Boundiali Gold Project Troy Flannery has more than 25 years’ experience in the mining industry including nine years in corporate and 17 years in senior mining engineering and project development roles and first class mine managers certificate of competency Flannery has performed non-executive director roles with numerous ASX listed companies and was the CEO of Abra Mining until October 2021 He has worked at numerous mining companies Mark Strizek has nearly 30 years’ experience in the resource industry having worked as a geologist on various gold technical and development expertise to Aurum most recently as an executive director at Tietto Minerals’ which progressed from an IPO to gold production at the Abujar gold project in West Africa Strizek has worked as an executive with management and board responsibilities in exploration finance and development-ready assets across Australia Investing News Network websites or approved third-party tools use cookies. Please refer to the cookie policy for collected data Goals by Rabihic and Krüger secured the win moving Saarbrücken closer to Arminia Bielefeld in the standings FC Saarbrücken ended a frustrating run of form with a convincing 2-0 victory over FC Erzgebirge Aue Goals from Kasim Rabihic (40th minute) and Florian Krüger (49th minute) secured the three points for the home side at the Ludwigsparkstadion moving them level on points with third-placed Energy Cottbus (pending Cottbus's midweek match) Coach Rüdiger Ziehl made five changes to his starting eleven following recent disappointing results as Saarbrücken dominated possession and created numerous chances throughout the match and Kai Brünker all impressed in their respective roles demonstrating the depth of Saarbrücken's squad Thoelke's early header struck the crossbar highlighting the home side's early intent While Aue managed to withstand the initial pressure they were ultimately unable to contain the attacking prowess of Saarbrücken and Krüger's strike early in the second half sealed the victory Despite further chances to extend their lead Saarbrücken comfortably saw out the game against a lackluster Aue performance Saarbrücken now sits just one point behind Arminia Bielefeld in the race for promotion The result puts significant pressure on Energy Cottbus who must win their upcoming match to maintain their position The battle for automatic promotion is far from over with several teams still vying for the top two spots The upcoming fixtures will be crucial in determining the final standings A future match preview against SV Wehen Wiesbaden (April 11th 2025) suggests Saarbrücken's positive momentum could continue AI predictions and betting odds currently favor Saarbrücken the unpredictable nature of football means that every match presents a unique set of challenges The victory was a significant boost to their 3 showcasing impressive tactical execution throughout the game FC Saarbrücken in their victory over Erzgebirge Aue The goals were scored by Rabihic and Krüger showcasing the team's attacking prowess and efficiency in front of goal FC Saarbrücken and Erzgebirge Aue was played in the 3 Liga is a highly competitive league known for its tactical battles and intense promotion races This 2-0 win is highly significant for Saarbrücken's promotion hopes It moves them closer to Arminia Bielefeld in the league standings increasing their chances of securing a spot in the 2 The tactical mastery displayed suggests a strong run ahead visit [Insert Link to your Match Report Here] You can find comprehensive information on the league standings and the promotion race as well Our expert, award-winning staff selects the products we cover and rigorously researches and tests our top picks. If you buy through our links, we may get a commission. Reviews ethics statement Find out your Chromebook's AUE date Chromebooks automatically manage updates so they always have the latest features But because Google can only guarantee ChromeOS and browser feature support on non-Google hardware for so long every device currently has a date on which it stops receiving updates -- its AUE date.  If you're interested in a particular model with an unbelievable low price it's best to find out the AUE date before you buy (It's also a good idea to do this if you're buying a used Chromebook or passing on a gently used one to a friend or family member.) The good news is Google makes it extremely easy to find out the date for any Chromebook.  Read more: Chromebooks: Understand the Myths and Realities Before You Buy Lenovo's original Chromebook Duet has an AUE date of June 2028 Getting the AUE date for any Chromebook is as simple as finding its name on a list. Google maintains a full list of AUE dates for all models find the make of your Chromebook or the one you're looking to buy or pass along Click on the make and the model list will drop down with its AUE date.  According to the policy page Google will publish a model's AUE date after its release so you should always be able to find a specific Chromebook before making a purchasing decision Read more: Best Chromebook 2023: 8 Options to Fit Any Budget The About ChromeOS page takes you to your AUE Already own a Chromebook and want to know how long you have for updates? You can check for your model on Google's list that I noted above or you can find it right on your Chromebook There are several ways to get to the information but essentially you have to dive into the settings menu to find it.  Open up your Chromebook's settings menu by clicking on the time in the lower right of your screen and then clicking on the Settings cog icon At the bottom of the left navigation panel (you may need to click the three bars at the top left to open the panel) That's where you'll find your AUE date.  However, now that you know it's in the About ChromeOS area, you can also search your Chromebook for it and go straight there. Press the Search key, assuming you haven't changed it to function as a Caps Lock key and search for "About ChromeOS." You can also two-finger swipe up from the bottom of your screen to bring up a search bar or there's a search icon at the top right of the settings menu you can use there are several ways to get to the info.  the Chromebook will no longer receive software updates from Google things like apps and browser extensions might no longer function properly So while you can still use a Chromebook past its AUE date Google is also working on extending these dates and, as of November 2020 it announced new models would have longer lives which roughly translates to anywhere from seven to eight years or more the date varies from device to device and isn't determined by when the device was released or by when you bought it See the full list of best laptops for 2023.  Sumner Newscow — Sumner County District Judge William Mott gave Brad Aue the maximum sentence he could receive for the voluntary manslaughter conviction in the death of Sierra Craft Aue will be spending 61 months in prison minus a possible 15 percent reduction for good behavior He has already served 14 months since the crime occurred on May 24 The rest of his sentence will be spent in the state penitentiary A 12-person jury convicted Aue of voluntary manslaughter on August 14 after a week-long trial The county attorney was asking for the more severe second-degree murder charge but the jury convicted him of a lesser crime Aue was accused of intentionally killing Craft without premeditation at his home on 1002 South F Street by “striking her multiple times causing severe blunt force injuries including a nasal fracture multiple abrasions and contusions to her head None of the victim’s family members nor Aue himself spoke at the hearing when asked by the judge was emotionless throughout the hearing that lasted about 30 minutes Mott denied both motions requesting a new trial and vacating the verdict issued by defense attorney Chrystal Krier These are motions rarely acted upon by a judge Krier then asked Mott for leniency in the sentencing and to reduce the charge to 32 months or just giving him probation She said Aue has had just one previous misdemeanor and that was in 2012 who was fully employed and had not had a drop of alcohol in over a year She suggested he could be required to attend AA meetings while on probation “My client is very remorseful,” Krier said “I am sure you will never see him in any courtroom for the rest of his life.” Krier also said that Aue did not allow his 4-year-old son to testify even though the little boy’s testimony would have helped him “He didn’t want his son to go through the trial process,” Krier said County Attorney Kerwin Spencer said in response that Aue’s character can be defined by the $6 liquor he bought that day that eventually led to the murder of Craft Sumner Newcows report — The Sumner County jury has declared Brad Aue guilty of voluntary manslaughter Sumner County Attorney Kerwin Spencer said Aue could serve anywhere from 55 to 71 months in prison A lot of this depends on Aue’s previous criminal record He has already served 14 months since the crime which occurred on May 24 The voluntary manslaughter conviction is not what the county attorney was hoping for He has been seeking a second-degree murder conviction Spencer said if he was found guilty of second-degree murder he would probably be serving twice as long a little more than four hours after the jury was sent into deliberation Aue was accused of intentionally killing Sierra Craft without premeditation on May 24 2018 at his home on 1002 South F Street by “striking her multiple times causing severe blunt force injuries including a nasal fracture “The killing of a human being in which the offender acted during the heat of passion under circumstances that would cause a reasonable person to become emotionally or mentally disturbed to the point that they can’t reasonably control their emotions This acclaimed debut has stirred debate over its depiction of violence in Māori communities – but this risks ignoring the hope and tenderness present too my job was to read an early draft and give some feedback Manawatu’s manuscript was beyond doubt the most compelling early draft of a novel I had ever seen trying to make a life on dry land; that is But it had two key things that are essential for good fiction and almost impossible to manufacture: voice and urgency Here was a story that leapt off the page and into the reader’s imagination taking hold of one’s heart and giving it a good squeeze Sign up for the fun stuff with our rundown of must-reads, pop culture and tips for the weekend, every Saturday morning In so many ways, Auē is quite different from its 1980s literary predecessors, more hopeful and tenderAfter their parents die, Ari is abandoned by his brother to stay with an aunt and distant-yet-threatening uncle. Taukiri runs away from his part in the death of his parents and the curse he’s been led to believe he is. And Jade tells her story from a past that will eventually catch up to the present, bringing all these strands together in a visceral and intense climax. Read moreThe expectation that Māori novels that include domestic or gang violence must be closely related is a strange view and there are infinite ways to tell our infinite stories The risks that Manawatu has taken as a Māori writer in producing this complex work are most clear in some of the reviews by Māori readers many of whom touch on whether the book or its characters are representing Māori people and society correctly or whether the prejudices of colonialism have somehow been reinforced by its depictions of domestic and gang violence Of course authors should be aware of these questions but the limitations placed on the writer by continuous vigilance to the responsibilities of the work can prevent us from attending fully to the wider possibilities of literature all the things that fiction offers us as a form: expansive thinking the “vivid and continuous dream” described by John Gardner This is the colonial project at its most insidious I think; we who are subject to colonisation are most likely to come under harsh scrutiny And while we dedicate critical space to what is an understandable defensiveness born of racism and historical injustice we cannot write with the same freedom as those who do not share that history Novelists must understand all of the above In bringing to the page characters who maim Manawatu has had to enter the aching heart of this story and bring her characters back from dark places Auē has done well because it is expertly crafted but also because it has something indefinable: enthralling Auē by Becky Manawatu is published by Scribe ($32.99) in Australia now returning for a second stint on staff in 2023 Diane lectures in photography history and theory at the London College of Communications and has curated exhibitions for The Photographers Gallery and Lianzhou Foto Festival The Glenavon FC squad pictured with the Violet Bikers before their motorcade to Erzgebirgsstadion Glenavon's Jack Malone pictured with the Erzgebirge Aue captain and officials before kick-off Ralph HewittSun 7 Jul 2024 at 21:49It has taken 64 years but Glenavon FC has finally fulfilled the first leg of its 1960/61 European Cup tie after the Cold War stopped the Irish League club from crossing the Iron Curtain In what was a glamour friendly on Saturday the Co Armagh club travelled to German third division side Erzgebirge Aue as both clubs worked together for 12 months to see that the game that never was the game was in jeopardy last week as Glenavon’s Aer Lingus flight to Berlin was cancelled due to a pilot strike the club was moved to a flight to Frankfurt on Friday Glenavon qualified for the European Cup as 1959/60 Irish League champions but were forced to withdraw from the competition when the club was refused visas for East Germany were denied entry by the British embassy in Berlin Uefa had allowed the home and away legs to take place in neutral countries but that was not financially viable for Glenavon Despite losing 5-0 on Saturday to a side that has an annual player budget of €5m Stephen McDonnell’s side were treated to a carnival atmosphere by the 5,000 Erzgebirge Aue fans that attended the picturesque Erzgebirgsstadion in east Germany The squad was taken from the hotel on Erzgebirge Aue’s coach and were even escorted to the stadium by a motorcade held by the ‘Violet Bikers’ – the German side’s motorcycle supporters club We need your consent to load this Social Media content We use a number of different Social Media outlets to manage extra content that can set cookies on your device and collect data about your activity Even though the game was not an official Uefa fixture both clubs walked out onto the pitch with the famous Champions League anthem to mark the occasion said Erzgebirge Aue could not have treated the travelling party any better and praised the German fans for creating a brilliant atmosphere “You couldn’t fault them for a single thing,” said Leigh “Their motorbike club came down to the hotel and escorted us to the match “It was a lovely day until after the match where they had a tribute act to a German rock band playing but there was thunder and lightening so everyone had to go home they had 5,000 people at it and they told us their wage budget is €5m a year so that shows the quality we were up against “It was a really good day and after the match they had the players from both teams in the VIP area of the stadium for a meal.” Both clubs are now planning on fulfilling the tie’s ‘second leg’ at Lurgan’s Mourneview Park next summer and it is hoped Erzgebirge Aue will be able to play other club’s from Northern Ireland during their trip “They want to stay a bit longer next summer and do a couple of matches,” explained Leigh “They reckon they could bring at least 500 fans with them “I think there would be a lot of interest in general seeing a German team play in Northern Ireland so we’ll start organising that in August and it could be something that becomes permanent They’ve set the bar fairly high so we’ll have to make sure we give them a good trip “We presented their chairman with a bottle of Bushmills and he was delighted so we might take them to the Old Bushmills Distillery as part of a sightseeing trip next year.” Saturday’s goalscorers for Erzgebirge Aue were Marcel Bar ‘The temperature can drop to -60C in parts of Siberia and the ghosts of Stalin’s labour camps are everywhere They remind me of all the things I’ve shared with my own identical twin brother: the kind of symbiotic relationship all twins have They’re holding each other – and holding on to each other the highway claimed one body for each tree cut down to clear the forest It runs along the coldest part of the inhabited world and its residents seem to exist in pure defiance, under bitterly extreme conditions. As we travelled along, we discovered abandoned Gulag camps where objects left by the prisoners were littered across the ground We saw the abandoned ghost village of Kadykchan This village was built by Gulag prisoners for coal mining I crawled into one of these mines and found a palace of ice crystals of all shapes; it was strange to find beauty in a place with such a dark My camera would turn to an ice cube if left exposed for longer than five minutes so I had to keep it under my armpit until the moment I wanted to photograph My only other option would have been to let my trigger finger freeze to the camera release button Never before had I experienced this kind of cold and I probably never will again In some places it dropped to -60C overnight and we were stunned by the almost 100C difference between indoors and outdoors Some people will look at the Road of Bones photos and feel the warmth and the love in these harsh surroundings while others will see something dark and morbid this image is about these people’s resilience and the life that exists in this unforgiving region in spite of everything I photograph people because something about them is beautiful and I want to share a moment with them People allow me to get physically close to them with my camera because I’m a stranger who has come and shown them that they are important you are invited into their lives and you can create an intimate portrait such as this Jacob Aue Sobol Photograph: Jacob Aue SobolBorn: Copenhagen Low point: “I’ve had many low points in my personal life but not in my work.” Jacob Aue Sobol’s book reflects on 20 years without his father is a deeply personal reflection on the past 20 years “Since it was shortly after my father’s death that I took a serious interest in photography I saw it as a chance to show him what I had experienced over the previous twenty years and all the emotions and anxiety churned up in the wake of his death.” The book touches on important cornerstones of the photographer’s life from falling in love to his travels across Bangkok where he stayed with a family and documented a young Mayan girl’s first journey to the ocean; to more recent work in Copenhagen it is not a surprise that my work returns to well-known themes and emotions,” says Sobol about sharing something with the people I meet but to take part in life – even when I am taking pictures of it.” “I am quite certain that losing my father – in a horrific accident when I was twenty years old – was perhaps the primary reason that I started searching for a way to vent all the emotions that had built up inside me As soon as I realized that photography was not only about the subject being portrayed but also about the photographer’s own relation to the world and his surroundings I found myself with a constant need to create images – to put them out there and allow others an opportunity to see their own reflection in my work.” Please enable JS and disable any ad blocker Metrics details Illustration of free-swimming planktonic bacteria persistent surface-attached biofilms and halogenated phenazine small molecules that effectively eradicate both bacterial lifestyles Chemical synthesis of a diverse panel of HPs using a convergent Wohl-Aue route Note: 1,6-Dimethoxylphenazine (Wohl-Aue product) was dibrominated (NBS) then demethylated (BBr3) before final dibromination (NBS) to give HP 15 See Supporting Information for full synthesis details We attempted to mitigate this undesired reaction by using 4-methyl-2-nitroanisole; however reaction yields remained generally low regardless of which 2-nitroanisole material was used The 4-methyl-2-nitroanisole condensation reactions with anilines gave a 9% average yield in the Wohl-Aue reaction (11 examples) while 2-nitroanisole was condensed with anilines to give phenazine products in an average of 6% yield (9 examples) these reactions were carried out on scales that produced 40–650 milligrams of diverse 1-methoxyphenazines which was sufficient for the final two steps of the synthetic sequence 1-methoxyphenazines were subjected to boron tribromide demethylation to afford 1-hydroxyphenazines (33–100% yield Final bromination with N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) produced 2-bromo-4-methyl-HP analogues 4–14 (39–99% yield 11 examples) or 2,4-dibromo-HP analogues 15–23 (30–81% yield we were able to prepare 12–220 milligrams of each HP which enabled sufficient material for biological studies MIC assay results of potent new HPs (MIC = 0.10 µM) against MRSA BAA-1707 Results of HP 1 against MRSA BAA-1707 in macromolecular synthesis inhibition experiments with [3H]-labeled precursors (generated from three HP 1 inhibits RNA and protein biosynthesis while not inhibiting DNA biosynthesis (p-values ≤ 0.005*; pairwise student t-test comparing relative treated samples to DMSO vehicle only samples) In an effort to enhance the drug-likeness of our active HP small molecules we synthesized two polyethylene glycol (PEG) carbonates as potential prodrugs which enables: (1) improvement of water solubility through the installation of a PEG group (2) enhanced bacterial penetration and release of HP through possible bacterial esterase processing resulting in active HP (3) mitigating the metal-binding moiety required for the antibacterial activities of HPs which would be important in the development of HPs in more advanced preclinical studies We selected parent HP 1 (CLogP: 4.68) and active HP 17 (CLogP: 5.18) to design PEG carbonate-HPs that would have improved water solubility (reduced CLogP values; calculated using ChemBioDraw Ultra (A) Chemical synthesis of PEG-carbonate HPs 24 and 25. (B) Antibacterial assay of PEG-carbonate HP 25 alongside non-carbonate version HP 17 demonstrating enhanced antibacterial activities against MRSA. UV-Vis analysis of copper(II) binding various halogenated phenazines The HP:copper(II) complex is insoluble and precipitates out of solution thus the disappearance of HP peaks is clear while there is not a strong appearance of HP:copper(II) complex in the UV-Vis spectrum HP 21 showed reduced antibacterial activities against MRSA BAA-1707 in the presence of copper(II) and iron(II); however no changes in antibacterial activities were observed when 21 was co-treated with zinc(II) or magnesium(II) PEG-carbonate HP 25 gives the most dramatic antibacterial response to co-treatment with metal(II) cations (>20,000-fold elevated MIC against MRSA with copper(II) and 67-fold reduction in MIC against MRSA with zinc(II) yet does not directly bind either metal(II) cation directly) further supporting that PEG-carbonate 25 enters MRSA at a high efficiency metal-chelating HP 17 which elicits a potent antibacterial response structurally related non-halogenated comparators 1-hydroxyphenazine (1-OHP) and 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-OHQ) demonstrated drastically different metal(II) cation profiles compared to HPs 1 (A) Calgary biofilm device (CBD) assay of a panel of HPs TPEN and vancomycin against MRSA-1707 demonstrating the potent and unique biofilm eradication activities of HP small molecules (B) Dose-response curve of biofilm eradication for HP 17 (MBEC = 4.69 µM) HP 25 (MBEC = 9.38 µM) and BAC-16 (MBEC = 25 µM) against MRSA-1707 (pulse treatment) (C) Live/Dead staining (fluorescence images) of established MRSA-1707 biofilms treated with HP 17 after 24 hours HP 17 demonstrated a potent biofilm eradication and clearance response towards MRSA-1707 biofilms even at the lowest concentration tested of 0.1 µM New activity profiles focused heavily on 4- 6- and 8-substituted HPs during these studies Similar activities may be explained by substitution at the 7-position and 8-halogenated HPs; however 8-methyl HP 23 and 8-phenoxy HP 15 lose activity compared to unsubstituted HP 1 potentially due to disfavored interactions in their respective target(s) or decreased bacterial membrane penetration It is also possible that the halogens in the 6–8 positions of the HP scaffold enhance bacterial membrane permeability compared to alkyl or ether groups leading to more efficient bacteria entry and metalloprotein targeting The only 9-substituted HP analogue synthesized during these studies was HP 15 which proved to be inactive against all strains tested against (MIC > 50 µM) Additional 9-position analogues are needed to confirm this initial result; however this position may impede HP-target interactions at a metal(II) center in a metalloprotein This collective series of HPs enable us to begin outlining proposals regarding potential bacterial targets and key interactions which will guide future developments as we advance our mechanistic studies (probe design) and pre-clinical evaluations (therapeutic leads) these analogues have enabled us to ask interesting questions about biofilm killing that we are set to answer in future studies The synthetic route developed here does not enable for an ideal synthesis of 7- or 9-monosubstituted HP analogues due to regioisomers that would result from condensing 3-substituted anilines with 2-nitroanisole in the Wohl-Aue reaction we are developing synthetic routes to explore such analogues and will report our findings accordingly Development of a modular synthesis to a diverse array of halogenated phenazines that target both planktonic and biofilms cells All reagents for chemical synthesis were purchased from commercial sources and used without further purification Reagents were purchased at ≥95% purity and commercially available controls were used in our biological investigations without further purification All microwave reactions were carried out in sealed tubes in an Anton Paar Monowave 300 Microwave Synthesis Reactor A constant power was applied to ensure reproducibility Temperature control was automated via IR sensor and all indicated temperatures correspond to the maximal temperature reached during each experiment Analytical thin layer chromatography (TLC) was performed using 250 μm Silica Gel 60 F254 pre-coated plates (EMD Chemicals Inc.) Flash column chromatography was performed using 230–400 Mesh 60 Å Silica Gel from Sorbent Technologies using a Mel-Temp capillary melting point apparatus from Laboratory Services Bacterial strains used during these investigations include: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (Clinical Isolate from Shands Hospital in Gainesville methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE Compounds were stored as DMSO stocks at room temperature in the absence of light when they are stable in DMSO stock without observing any loss in biological activity for several months at a time To ensure compound integrity of our DMSO stock solutions we did not subject these DMSO stocks of our test compounds to multiple freeze-thaw cycles To a 100 mL round-bottom flask was added 4-tert-butylaniline (1.60 mL The reaction was then allowed to reflux for 10 hours the resulting mixture was then transferred to a separatory funnel with brine and extracted with dichloromethane (20 mL × 3) The resulting crude solid was purified via column chromatography using 99:1 to 85:15 hexanes:ethyl acetate to afford yellow solid 8-tert-butyl-4-methyl-1-methoxyphenazine (612 mg 22%; compound 30 in supporting information 1.68 mmol) was dissolved in anhydrous dichloromethane (50 mL) and cooled to −78 °C before dropwise addition of 1 M boron tribromide solution in dichloromethane (10.0 mL The reaction was left to stir at −78 °C for 1 hour and allowed to reach ambient temperature overnight The reaction was then heated to reflux for 8 hours until complete (monitored by TLC) brine (50 mL) was added to quench the reaction The contents of the resulting biphasic mixture were then transferred to a separatory funnel and dichloromethane was used to extract the product The resulting organic layers were dried with sodium sulfate The resulting solid was purified via column chromatography using dichloromethane to elute 6-methyl-1-hydroxyphenazine as a yellow solid (100% Note: Some 1-hydroxyphenazines were purified with the addition of 1% acetic acid to 99% dichloromethane via column chromatography 0.742 mmol) and N-bromosuccinimide (277 mg 1.56 mmol) were dissolved in dichloromethane (60 mL) and allowed to stir at room temperature for 4 hours The reaction contents were washed with brine (60 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane The extracts were dried with sodium sulfate The resulting solid was purified via column chromatography using 99:1 dichloromethane:acetic acid to elute 6-methyl-2,4-dibromo-1-hydroxyphenazine 17 as a yellow solid Note: 1.0 Equivalent of N-bromosuccinimide was used to synthesize 4-methyl HP analogues Tetraethyleneglycol monomethyl ether (69 µL 0.33 mmol) was placed in an oven-dried round-bottomed flask and dissolved in anhydrous dichloromethane (1 mL) 0.47 mmol) and triethylamine (11 µL 0.73 mmol) was then added via syringe 0.16 mmol) dissolved in dichloromethane (1 mL) The resulting mixture was stirred from 0 °C to room temperature and continued to stir at room temperature for 5 hours then the reaction was cooled to 0 °C before the addition of solution of 17 (86 mg 0.23 mmol) and triethylamine (49 µL 0.35 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane was added to the reaction in dropwise The reaction solution was stirred for 5 min at 0 °C and then reach ambient temperature and stirred at room temperature overnight the reaction mixture was poured into a separatory funnel containing 1 M ammonium chloride (20 mL) and the biphasic mixture was shaken vigorously the aqueous layer was re-extracted with dichloromethane (2 × 30 mL) The resulting crude material was purified using flash column chromatography with 3:1 hexanes:ethyl acetate to 100% ethyl acetate as eluent yield 25 as a yellow oil (135 mg The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for each test compound was determined by the broth microdilution method as recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) eleven two-fold serial dilutions of each compound were made in a final volume of 100 μL Luria Broth Each well was inoculated with ~105 bacterial cells at the initial time of incubation prepared from a fresh log phase culture (OD600 of 0.5 to 1.0 depending on bacterial strain) The MIC was defined as the lowest concentration of compound that prevented bacterial growth after incubating 16 to 18 hours at 37 °C (MIC values were supported by spectrophotometric readings at OD600) The concentration range tested for each test compound during this study was 0.10 to 100 μM DMSO served as our vehicle and negative control in each microdilution MIC assay DMSO was serially diluted with a top concentration of 1% v/v All compounds were tested in a minimum of three independent experiments NOTE: Metal(II) cation studies were performed in a similar setup to the standard MIC assay with the addition of 200 µM of the metal(II) cation (i.e. All data were obtained from three independent experiments Macromolecular syntheses experiments were carried out in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus BAA-1707 aureus BAA-1707 was sub-cultured into 10 mL of fresh TSBG media which was allowed to grow to exponential phase (OD600 = 0.2–0.3) before transferring 500 µL to each well in a 24 well-plate The test compounds and vehicle control (DMSO) were added to achieve the desired concentrations relative to their MIC values against S Treated cultures were then incubated at 37 °C for 30 minutes before radioactive precursors for DNA ([3H] thymidine (0.5 µCi)) RNA ([3H] uridine (0.5 µCi)) and protein ([3H] leucine (1 µCi)) were added Antibiotics with known modes of action were used as positive controls in these experiments these included: ciprofloxacin (DNA inhibition) rifampicin (RNA inhibition) and linezolid (protein inhibition) DNA and RNA radiolabeled cultures were then incubated in 37 °C for 15 minutes before being stopped by adding 60 µL of cold 5% trichloroacetic acid (TCA) The protein synthesis experiment was stopped after 40 minutes by adding 60 µL cold TCA These mixtures were then incubated at 2 °C for at least 30 minutes before the contents of the plates were transferred onto glass microfiber filters (24 mm) and washed 5 times with 1 mL of 5% TCA The filters are allowed to dry overnight before 3.5 mL of the scintillation fluid was added to the scintillation vials containing the filters and the radiation counts were measured using liquid scintillation LS 6500 The rates of halogenated phenazine-copper(II) complex formation were independently evaluated via UV-Vis spectrometry following addition of 0.5 equivalents copper(II) sulfate to stirring solutions of HP (10 mM Spectral scanning was performed from 200 to 800 nm in 2 nm increments 17 and 22 was observed over the indicated time points The halogenated phenazine-copper(II) complex formation yielded a loss in absorbance due to precipitation No change of the UV-Vis spectra was observed for 25 as a result of no metal(II) binding Biofilm eradication experiments were performed using the Calgary Biofilm Device to determine MBC/MBEC values for various compounds of interest (Innovotech The Calgary device (96-well plate with lid containing pegs to establish biofilms on) was inoculated with 125 µL of a mid-log phase culture diluted 1,000-fold in tryptic soy broth with 0.5% glucose (TSBG) to establish bacterial biofilms after incubation at 37 °C for 24 hours The lid of the Calgary device was then removed washed and transferred to another 96-well plate containing 2-fold serial dilutions of the test compounds (the “challenge plate”) The total volume of media with compound in each well in the challenge plate is 150 µL The Calgary device was then incubated at 37 °C for 24 hours The lid was then removed from the challenge plate and MBC/MBEC values were determined using different experimental pathways 20 µL of the challenge plate was transferred into a fresh 96-well plate containing 180 µL TSBG and incubated overnight at 37 °C The MBC values were determined as the concentration giving a lack of visible bacterial growth (i.e. the Calgary device lid (with attached pegs/treated biofilms) was transferred to a new 96-well plate containing 150 µL of fresh TSBG media in each well and incubated for 24 hours at 37 °C to allow viable biofilms to grow and disperse resulting in turbidity after the incubation period MBEC values were determined as the lowest test concentration that resulted in eradicated biofilm (i.e. wells that had no turbidity after final incubation period) All data were obtained from a minimum of three independent experiments Note: Pulse experiments followed a normal CBD assay protocol; however the compound treatment phase (the “challenge plate”) consisted of two sequential 24 hour compound treatment plates before the final recovery plate sonicated for 30 minutes in PBS and plated out to determine biofilm cell killing in colony forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) A mid-log culture of MRSA BAA-1707 was diluted 1:1,000-fold and 500 µL was transferred to each compartment of a 4 compartment CELLview dish (Greiner Bio-One 627871) The dish was then incubated for 24 hours at 37 °C the cultures were removed and the plate was washed with 0.9% saline The dish was then treated with the compounds in fresh media at various concentrations DMSO was used as our negative control in this assay The dish was incubated with the compound for 24 hours at 37 °C the cultures were removed and the dish was washed with 0.9% saline for 2 minutes Saline was then removed and 500 µL of the stain (Live/Dead BacLight Viability Kit Invitrogen) were added for 15 minutes and left in the dark the stain was removed and the dish was washed twice with 0.9% saline Then the dish was fixed with 500 µL 4% paraformaldehyde in PBS for 30 minutes Images of remaining MRSA biofilms were then taken with a fluorescence microscope All data were analyzed using ImageJ software from three independent experiments HeLa cytotoxicity was assessed using the LDH release assay described by CytoTox96 (Promega G1780) HeLa cells were grown in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM; Gibco) supplemented with 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) at 37 °C with 5% CO2 When the HeLa cultures exhibited 70–80% confluence halogenated phenazines were then diluted by DMEM (10% FBS) at concentrations of 25 Triton X-100 (at 2% v/v) was used as the positive control for maximum lactate dehydrogenate (LDH) activity in this assay (i.e. complete cell death) while “medium only” lanes served as negative control lanes (i.e. HeLa cells were treated with compounds for 24 hours and then 50 µL of the supernatant was transferred into a fresh 96-well plate where 50 µL of the reaction mixture was added to the 96-well plate and incubated at room temperature for 30 minutes Stop Solution (50 µL) was added to the incubating plates and the absorbance was measured at 490 nm Results are on the next page and are from three independent experiments freshly drawn human red blood cells (hRBC with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as an anticoagulant) were washed with Tris-buffered saline (0.01 M Tris-base pH 7.2) and centrifuged for 5 minutes at 3,500 rpm The washing was repeated three times with the buffer test compounds were added to the buffer from DMSO stocks Then 2% hRBCs (50 µL) in buffer were added to test compounds to give a final concentration of 200 µM The plate was then incubated for 1 hour at 37 °C the plate was centrifuged for 5 minutes at 3,500 rpm Then 80 µL of the supernatant was transferred to another 96-well plate and the optical density (OD) was read at 405 nm DMSO served as our negative control (0% hemolysis) while Triton X served as our positive control (100% hemolysis) The percent of hemolysis was calculated as (OD405 of the compound- OD405 DMSO)/(OD405 Triton X- OD405 buffer) from three independent experiments General synthesis procedures; antibacterial hemolysis assay protocols; full characterization data reported for all new compounds The role of biofilms: are we hitting the right target Eradicating bacterial biofilms with natural products and their inspired analogues that operate through unique mechanisms phenazine and oxanthrene-1-carboxamides as PDE4 inhibitors for treatment of asthma and chronic pulmonary disease Download references We would like to acknowledge the University of Florida for supporting this work through start-up funds (College of Pharmacy and Division of Sponsored Research) and through an Opportunity Seed Fund is a University of Florida Graduate Fellow High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) data for all new compounds synthesized were obtained from the Chemistry Department at the University of Florida Center for Natural Products Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3) Hongfen Yang, Yasmeen Abouelhassan, Gena M Burch, Dimitris Kallifidas, Hussain Yousaf, Hendrik Luesch & Robert W Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology Guangtao Huang & Shouguang Jin performed all UV-Vis experiments and metal(II) cation co-treatment assays against MRSA-1707 and some additional antibacterial assays performed the large majority of the antibacterial assays with the macromolecular synthesis inhibition assays carried out all of the biofilm eradication assays (CBD synthesized 24 and performed some antibacterial assays performed all antibacterial assays against MtB performed all cytotoxicity against HeLa cells performed macromolecular synthesis inhibition assays and supervised HeLa cell cytotoxicity experiments supervised chemical synthesis/antibacterial/biofilm eradication/hemolysis studies reviewed all data and wrote this manuscript with the assistance of H.Y. The authors declare that they have no competing interests Download citation DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01045-3 Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: a shareable link is not currently available for this article Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds (2024) Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science When Telecom New Zealand was structurally separated into Spark and Chorus it looked like the latter got the rough end of the pineapple in the deal being handed the difficult task of building a new infrastructure for much of the country: the Ultrafast Broadband (UFB) fibre to the premises network Nobody really knew if the UFB would pan out particularly with large segments of telco industry opposing the fast speeds and unlimited data caps which threatened their current business model Spark meanwhile got the mobile phone network and kept the profitable Southern Cross Cable It was able to diversity its business and dip its toes into other tech waters like Mattr for digital identification Last year, Spark did what lots of mobile telcos have done and sold mobile tower network assets for $583 million While its traditional mobile business is doing well with service revenue going past $1 billion for the first time Spark's had a rough 2024 financial year overall “Public sector spending cuts and deferred private sector investment had a significant impact on IT services revenues while lower household and business spending impacted mobile devices and accessories sales and intensified competitive pricing pressure particularly in business mobile," Spark chair Justine Smyth noted net profit and free cash flow all declined despite mobile doing well $316 million and $330 million respectively We'll see if the dented figures translate into work force cuts this year and next for Spark At Chorus the financial results for the year ended June 30 were described as "steady" instead Chorus described the full-year as its first normal operating period after the pandemic workforce and weather challenges of the last few years Chorus upped operating revenue to $1.01 billion and earnings before tax to $700 million on the back of increased fibre connections; Chorus is targeting 80% fibre uptake by 2030 Chorus is not immune to the economy taking a beating or the government wanting more tax revenue: "A net loss after tax of $9 million was reported compared to a profit of $25 million in FY23 This was due to a combination of a one-off $15 million non-cash tax expense following the removal of deductibility of tax depreciation for buildings an $11 million increase in depreciation from our accelerated depreciation of copper assets 47.5 cents per share coming up for the full 2024 year Chorus is looking at getting rid of ye olde copper network for good and replacing it with fibre-optic as much a possible New chief executive Mark Aue said just 45,000 copper connections remain in fibre areas (157,000 in total are left) Chorus hopes to consign the metallic connections to telecommunications history by the end of 2026 Related: last time I checked on what will happen to the copper cabling Chorus didn't appear to have any plans to remove it Given that copper is in high demand for the foreseeable future maybe there's room to rework the economics on that Aue said over 1250 copper broadband cabinets have been closed and there will soon be fibre-only suburban exchanges Chorus has been able to continue to drop its electricity usage while providing customers with ever larger amounts of data The question now is where Chorus will go next Aue said the company is shifting to become a simpler Chorus will move from building the infrastructure the future plans for Chorus do not appear to include artificial intelligence At least there is no mention of AI in the results release Chorus sent out and the Metaverse notion has been disappeared as well Spark meanwhile is gunning for a slice of the AI action “The New Zealand data centre market is predicted to grow from ~90MW today to ~500MW9 by 2030 driven by the acceleration of Generative AI and ongoing business migration to the cloud With Spark’s development pipeline now sitting at 118MW and three strategic Auckland locations primed for investment we are well positioned to capture a significant share of this growth and maintain our competitive position in the market Chorus stopped the monopoly that Telecom waged the war of greed agains every kiwi 1gb or 10gb across town is about the cost of a few rounds of beer in town on a monthly basis the good old days of waiting in anticipation as Telecom announces a new set of broadband plans They desperately need exactly the same sort of split between the generation and sales parts of all the gentailers Baby boomers in particular (and there are still hundreds of thousands out there) are perfectly happy with their $10 a month cost of copper (actually $9); they can gossip for hours locally on the landline at this miniscule cost This service will disappear once every one is shifted to fibre Chatty virtually free phone calls will be a thing of the past Yes and Viber (my family's preference) and many others All relatively free domestically and internationally when travelling as long as you can access a wifi system it costs nothing to make a voice call over the internet why didn't they use the same mode for power Any infrastructure network of national importance like roads water has historically suffered from a lack of maintenance and price scalping if not governed or managed well I have about 120m of 100mm copper cable under one of my paddocks It seems back in the '70s when the line was put underground one neighbour objected to having the cable run across the front of their property If Chorus aren't using it anymore I'll be quite happy to dig it up and take it to the scrappy It'd be nice to be able to deep till without all the sphincter puckering and earnings before tax to $700 million on the back of increased fibre connections;" Because that's some serious profit margin if it is A sure sign that chorus is a solid company and spark is getting desperate The problem is that the people with the most ridiculous ideas are always the people who are most certain of them “I enjoy taking part in life,” says Magnum photographer Jacob Aue Sobol it’s all about the exchange with that other person and what happens there It’s as much about myself and what grows from this encounter as it is about the subject.” intimate stream-of-consciousness-style photographs are featured in a new book this month from Dewi Lewis Publishing called Veins Sobol sharing the volume with renowned Swedish photographer Anders Petersen whose work has a deep aesthetic and methodic connection it all comes from the same family tree,” Sobol says Petersen taught him very briefly years ago at a school promoting the long tradition and increasingly popular mode of diaristic photography you are encouraged to develop this connection between your own inner life and the images you create.” Eschewing the straight documentary approach of many Magnum photographers the task of using the camera to make “objective dispassionate records of the world,” as photo critic Gerry Badger terms in his introduction to the book passion and ambiguity of life as it is experienced His physical presence in each picture is as apparent as his aesthetic and technical brush stroke This new book is the first time he made a single sequence cutting up and re-editing together his numerous projects over the years going back to his first major body of work which had launched his aesthetic direction and changed his reason for making pictures He was 23 then and moved to Greenland as a documentary photographer — somewhat of a difficult tense situation for the native of Denmark moving to a former Danish colony “I was living with her family and it was more important at the time to become a skilled fisherman he found Sabine “in an extremely good mood I was in love with her and I wanted to remember and keep this feeling this moment.” He had a pocket-sized point-and-shoot analog camera on him “Instead of doing a documentary about the clash between the cultures a story about myself falling in love with Sabine — which can be a statement in itself,” he says “I realized this was a good way for me to work I didn’t need that identity as a photographer I just needed to be Sabine’s boyfriend and take part in life and I could take pictures with this small pocket camera when I felt the need for it.” This process of pairing down technologically and re-focusing his approach led to the unmistakably consistent look of his pictures — the bold contrast or perhaps because of the limits imposed by the point-and-shoot camera and it’s single normal lens he exerts tremendous control over his stylized vision of the world a rather unusual approach that gives skin and hair an almost porcelain quality The distinctive grit of his imagery exists on the level of content as he seeks through his wanderings intimate fragile encounters with certain other types of limits “There is a compulsion to photograph people at the edge down the wrong end of the Reeperbahn in Hamburg or in an Inuit settlement in Greenland,” Badger writes “Their concern is with the often terrible and self-destructive urges lurking within us all.” The result at times can come across a little unnerving voyeuristic or too close for comfort for some viewers — which need not be a bad thing Sobol draws “subjects into a kind of confession that seems rather more than exhibitionism or a desperate craving for attention and might actually be good for the soul,” Badger writes Veins: Anders Petersen & Jacob Aue Sobol is available through Dewi Lewis Publishing from October 2013 Eugene Reznik is a Brooklyn-based photographer and writer. Follow him on Twitter @eugene_reznik