BISMARCK — State School Superintendent Kirsten Baesler announced Wednesday
have been named as North Dakota’s delegates for the U.S
The honor includes a $10,000 college scholarship and the right to attend a weeklong leadership program in Washington
Bergstedt and Wang were chosen by a group of Department of Public Instruction evaluators who interviewed six finalists for the scholarships and reviewed their applications
Two other seniors were named as alternates: Signe Nagle
Twenty-two North Dakota high school juniors and seniors applied for the scholarships
the NDDPI’s program coordinator for the U.S
The six finalists were chosen based on evaluators’ scoring of essays the students submitted as part of their applications
The evaluators then interviewed and scored the six finalists
The student applications included lists of their leadership and academic awards
examples of their community and public service
and essays about their leadership accomplishments and what proposals they would advocate if they were elected to the North Dakota Legislature
Senate Youth Program was established in 1962 to offer a study and scholarship opportunity for outstanding high school students who are interested in public service careers
intended to give student participants an opportunity to learn about Congress and the relationship between the legislative
and judicial branches of the federal government
The program includes briefings from the president
Two high school juniors or seniors are selected each year from each of the 50 U.S
and the Department of Defense’s education system to be delegates to the U.S
The $10,000 scholarships are provided by the Hearst Foundations
which were founded by media baron William Randolph
Please select what you would like included for printing:
Copy the text below and then paste that into your favorite email application
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply
Service map data © OpenStreetMap contributors
Metrics details
Major depressive disorder (MDD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are often comorbid
resulting in excess morbidity and mortality
Here we show that CVDs share most of their genetic risk factors with MDD
Multivariate genome-wide association analysis of shared genetic liability between MDD and atherosclerotic CVD revealed seven loci and distinct patterns of tissue and brain cell-type enrichments
suggesting the involvement of the thalamus
Part of the genetic overlap was explained by shared inflammatory
metabolic and psychosocial or lifestyle risk factors
Our data indicated causal effects of genetic liability to MDD on CVD risk
and showed that the causal effects were partly explained by metabolic and psychosocial or lifestyle factors
The distinct signature of MDD–atherosclerotic CVD comorbidity suggests an immunometabolic subtype of MDD that is more strongly associated with CVD than overall MDD
we identified biological mechanisms underlying MDD–CVD comorbidity and modifiable risk factors for prevention of CVD in individuals with MDD
which might be especially strongly associated with CVD
we assessed shared risk factors explaining the genetic correlation between MDD and CVD
we used Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate putative causal pathways linking MDD and CVD
Source data
suggesting that genetic risk variants for CVDs are strongly correlated with a genetic subcomponent of MDD
common factor for the atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases
Source data
multiple genes on chromosome 10 around INA and CNNM2 were identified
which encode a neurofilament and a protein involved in ion transportation
have previously been associated with psychiatric as well as cardiovascular traits
We found seven novel loci in the latent MDD–ASCVD GWAS that were not among the risk loci in the MDD and ASCVD GWASs that constituted the latent factor (Extended Data Fig. 4b and Supplementary Table 11)
The top SNPs in these loci have not been identified in any GWAS recorded in the GWAS catalog before
but four of them have shown suggestive associations (P < 0.05) with metabolic traits
these cell types displayed no enrichment for either latent ASCVD or MDD
suggesting that the genetic variance for MDD–ASCVD comorbidity has a distinct functional signature
suggesting that most causal variants for ASCVDs are shared with MDD
as most causal variants for MDD are not shared with ASCVDs
the PRS for the latent MDD–ASCVD factor explained less than half as much variance in MDD as the MDD PRS
Next, we assessed genetic correlations between the latent MDD–ASCVD factor and MDD symptoms. We found that poor appetite or overeating and suicidal thoughts are the symptoms most strongly correlated with MDD–ASCVD. In contrast, poor appetite or overeating is among the least genetically correlated symptoms to MDD (Extended Data Fig. 4c)
Finally, we estimated genetic correlation of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), anxiety disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, with MDD, latent MDD–ASCVD and latent ASCVD. We found that ADHD, anxiety disorder and PTSD were genetically correlated with latent ASCVD (Extended Data Fig. 4d)
PTSD and ADHD showed similar genetic correlations for MDD and latent MDD–ASCVD
suggesting that variants that are shared between MDD and ASCVD might explain most of the genetic correlation between MDD and these disorders
Source data
such concordance translates to large genome-wide genetic correlations
BMI and sleep duration had similar levels of polygenicity and a large degree of polygenic overlap with MDD
suggesting that genome-wide genetic correlations underestimate the genetic overlap with MDD for these traits
We observed 97 significant local genetic correlations with MDD for the three blood pressure traits
These findings suggest that MDD and blood pressure share variants that exhibit both positive and negative correlations
which are canceled out in the genome-wide estimate
lipid traits and C-reactive protein showed low polygenicity (<2,500 causal risk variants)
triglyceride levels and C-reactive protein levels shared most of their risk variants with MDD
and these variants showed high degrees of concordance (>85% of shared variants in the same direction)
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol shared most of its risk variants with MDD
Source data
Finally, we estimated genetic correlations between the risk factors and the latent MDD–ASCVD factor (Fig. 5b) and found that the latent MDD–ASCVD factor was substantially more genetically correlated with blood pressure traits
C-reactive protein levels and metabolic factors than MDD only
suggesting that these factors characterize the genetic liability to MDD–ASCVD rather than to MDD alone
The term beta refers to the log odds ratio
The asterisk (*) indicates that the observed statistically significant association suffered from pleiotropy; possible causal effect should not be interpreted
Source data
No robust effects were observed for other CVDs
other metabolic traits or inflammatory markers
When using genetic instruments for the latent MDD–ASCVD factor to predict risk factors, statistically significant effects were observed for pulse pressure and type II diabetes (Extended Data Fig. 9d)
We found statistically significant pleiotropy for systolic blood pressure
We conclude that although sample overlap impacted the point estimates
the interpretation of results remained similar
we showed that genetic risk factors for CVD overlap strongly with MDD
We modeled the shared genetic liability between MDD and ASCVD as a latent factor and showed that
it is associated with gene expression specific to thalamic and vascular cell types in the brain and is genetically correlated with immunometabolic factors and blood pressure
we showed that the association between MDD and CVD is partly explained by modifiable risk factors and provide evidence that it is probably causal in nature
Analysis on the level of shared risk variants showed that MDD was substantially more polygenic than the CVD traits and that most risk variants for CVD were in fact shared with MDD and had concordant effect directions
we found many positive local genetic correlations between MDD and CVD
although that might reflect the fact that the coronary artery disease GWASs have larger sample size than the GWASs of the other CVDs
we found that the HLA region was a hotspot for local genetic correlation between MDD and CVDs
These findings suggest that genetic overlap between MDD and CVD is underestimated in genome-wide correlation analyses
which was masked at the genome-wide level due to their opposing effect directions
BMI and lipid traits showed discordant directions to MDD in effects of overlapping risk variants and local genetic correlations
C-reactive protein shared most of its risk variants with MDD
indicating a genetic relationship between C-reactive protein and MDD that was masked in the genome-wide genetic correlation estimate
these findings refine our understanding of the polygenic overlap between MDD and risk factors shared between MDD and CVD
and indicate that it is stronger and more complex than has previously been reported
We estimated genetic correlations between MDD and CVD adjusting for risk factors and found that psychosocial or lifestyle factors explain a substantial part of the genetic correlation between MDD and CVD and highlight loneliness as an important factor in the relationship between MDD and CVD
we found tentative support for a mediating role of C-reactive protein and IL6 levels in the association between MDD and ASCVD
anxiety disorders and PTSD show genetic correlations with ASCVD and MDD–ASCVD
the genetic correlation was similar between MDD and MDD–ASCVD
Future work should estimate latent factors representing shared and distinct sources of genetic covariance among MDD
anxiety disorders and PTSD and investigate how those factors relate to ASCVD
we confirmed an effect of genetic liability to MDD on coronary artery disease and found robust associations for stroke
heart failure and peripheral artery disease
the findings in our study offer some indication that the association between CVDs and subsequent MDD might have been overestimated in previous studies
surveillance bias or unmeasured confounding
we find support for a causal effect of liability to MDD on smoking
highlighting the role of inflammation in MDD–ASCVD comorbidity
we found that the HLA region is a hotspot of local genetic correlation between MDD and the CVD traits
that genetic liability to MDD is associated with C-reactive protein levels and tentative support that inflammatory markers mediate some of the link between MDD and ASCVD
We highlight loneliness and smoking as important targets for intervention to reduce the risk of MDD and CVD
tools can be developed to identify individuals at risk for developing immunometabolic depression (for example
using blood tests of high-density lipoprotein and C-reactive protein levels) and target them for cholesterol-lowering or anti-inflammatory medical interventions
All GWASs were ethically approved and were conducted in compliance with ethical guidelines
Ethics approval for the UKB study was given by the North West Centre for Research Ethics Committee (11/NW/0382)
The work described here was approved by UKB under application number 22224
Note that LDSC performs well in the presence of sample overlap
We used LAVA25 to assess genetic correlation in regions of the genome
We assessed local genetic correlation in 2,495 genomic regions that cover the autosomes and have been defined to minimize LD between the regions while simultaneously keeping the regions approximately equal in size
These regions are provided with the LAVA software package
We only considered local genetic correlation in loci where both traits showed marginally significant heritability (P < 0.05)
we adjusted local genetic correlation P values for multiple testing using the Benjamini–Hochberg method
This adjustment was done separately for all pairs of traits considered
To match the results from LDSC and MiXeR (see below)
we excluded the HLA region from the main analyses
For pairwise local genetic correlations between MDD and the CVD traits
we performed an additional analysis in the HLA region
We used a 15,000-sample Markov chain with a 5,000-sample burn-in
The SBayesS methods did not converge for peripheral artery disease
possibly due to low number of cases in the GWAS
To assess the heterogeneity of the SNP effects
we fit an independent pathway model for each SNP
where each indicator was regressed on the SNP directly instead of forcing the effect through the latent factor
We compare the common pathway \({\chi }_{{\rm{SNP}}}^{2,{\rm{com}}}\) to the independent pathway \({\chi }_{{\rm{SNP}}}^{2,\,{\rm{ind}}}\) to derive the heterogeneity measure QSNP
we filtered out all SNPs that had effects that were more consistent with an independent pathway model at \({P}_{{{{Q}}}_{{\rm{SNP}}}}\) <0.05
This stringent procedure filters out SNPs with heterogeneous effects on MDD and the ASCVD factor
variants are excluded that should be considered risk variants for MDD or CVDs separately rather than risk variants for MDD–ASCVD
indicating that results were not strongly affected by population stratification (LDSC intercept of 1.02)
We conducted a GWAS for the latent ASCVD factors using the same procedure (though without filtering out heterogeneous SNPs)
We used logistic regression analysis to predict case status from each PRS while controlling for the first ten principal components for ancestry
Continuous variables were standardized and centered
We used Nagelkerke’s R2 to estimate explained variance in the disease traits
We considered a curated set of 18,090 protein-coding autosomal genes
excluding those in the HLA region (because the method relies on LDSC)
with expression in at least one of the 461 cell clusters
we expanded the boundaries of TDEP genes by 100 kb to include possible enhancers or promoters
We employed several different techniques to assess whether the association between MDD and CVD could be explained by shared risk factors
We only included traits in the covariate groups that showed statistically significant genetic correlation with MDD
We did not adjust for blood pressure traits since none of the blood pressure traits showed statistically significant genetic correlations with MDD
Attenuation of genetic correlation after adjustment was taken to indicate that shared risk factors account for some (or all) of the association between MDD and CVD
we selected independent GWAS hits at P < 5 × 10−8
In the analysis of the effect of genetic instruments of peripheral artery disease
childhood maltreatment and IL6 on MDD risk
we allowed instruments with higher P values to be able to reach a total of ten instruments (P < 1 × 10−5)
we used SNPs that showed no significantly heterogeneous effects in the genomic SEM model (QPvalue >0.05
to limit the possibility of pleiotropic effects of this
which aims to correct for the presence of unmeasured heritable confounders as well as sample overlap
we considered only summary statistics of GWAS involving more than 10,000 cases
We maximized sample sizes available for individual analyses instead of performing replication analyses
we ensure robust results by triangulating evidence from multiple methods and statistical frameworks
These results rely on GWASs of population samples
Processing and analysis was performed using the R language for statistical computing (version 4.1.0) and the Python programming language (version 2.7.13)
Further information on research design is available in the Nature Portfolio Reporting Summary linked to this article
Code used for processing and analyzing data in this work can be found at https://github.com/jacobbergstedt/MDDCVD_genetics. Code for singularity containers can be found at https://github.com/comorment
Disease trajectories and mortality among individuals diagnosed with depression: a community-based cohort study in UK Biobank
Heartache and heartbreak—the link between depression and cardiovascular disease
Major depression and coronary artery disease in the Swedish twin registry
Genetic vulnerability and phenotypic expression of depression and risk for ischemic heart disease in the Vietnam era twin study of aging
Charting the landscape of genetic overlap between mental disorders and related traits beyond genetic correlation
risk prediction of recurrence and comorbid psychiatric disorders using genome-wide analyses
Covariation of psychosocial characteristics associated with cardiovascular disease: genetic and environmental influences
Depression and coronary heart disease: 2018 position paper of the ESC working group on coronary pathophysiology and microcirculation
Depression and cardiovascular disease: epidemiological evidence on their linking mechanisms
Global burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors
and incident cardiovascular disease: a prospective study of 385,292 UK biobank participants
Loneliness and social isolation as risk factors for coronary heart disease and stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal observational studies
Childhood and adolescent adversity and cardiometabolic outcomes: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association
Socioeconomic status and cardiovascular outcomes: challenges and interventions
and infection in atherothrombosis: JACC review topic of the week
The role of inflammation in depression: from evolutionary imperative to modern treatment target
Prevalence of low-grade inflammation in depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of CRP levels
Inflammatory depression-mechanisms and non-pharmacological interventions
Genetic liability to depression and risk of coronary artery disease
Evaluation of bi-directional causal association between depression and cardiovascular diseases: a Mendelian randomization study
Depression and cardiovascular disease: a clinical review
Bivariate causal mixture model quantifies polygenic overlap between complex traits beyond genetic correlation
An integrated framework for local genetic correlation analysis
Genomic SEM provides insights into the multivariate genetic architecture of complex traits
Transcriptomic diversity of cell types across the adult human brain
Genome-wide association study of peripheral artery disease
Genome-wide association and Mendelian randomisation analysis provide insights into the pathogenesis of heart failure
Discovery and systematic characterization of risk variants and genes for coronary artery disease in over a million participants
Stroke genetics informs drug discovery and risk prediction across ancestries
Multi-ethnic genome-wide association study for atrial fibrillation
Genetic analysis of over 1 million people identifies 535 new loci associated with blood pressure traits
Gene discovery and polygenic prediction from a genome-wide association study of educational attainment in 1.1 million individuals
Association studies of up to 1.2 million individuals yield new insights into the genetic etiology of tobacco and alcohol use
GWAS identifies 14 loci for device-measured physical activity and sleep duration
Genome-wide association analyses of physical activity and sedentary behavior provide insights into underlying mechanisms and roles in disease prevention
Elucidating the genetic basis of social interaction and isolation
Gene–environment correlations and causal effects of childhood maltreatment on physical and mental health: a genetically informed approach
Multi-ancestry genetic study of type 2 diabetes highlights the power of diverse populations for discovery and translation
The power of genetic diversity in genome-wide association studies of lipids
Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for height and body mass index in ∼700,000 individuals of European ancestry
Genome-wide association study of circulating interleukin 6 levels identifies novel loci
Genetic analysis of over half a million people characterises C-reactive protein loci
LD score regression distinguishes confounding from polygenicity in genome-wide association studies
Widespread signatures of natural selection across human complex traits and functional genomic categories
Simultaneous estimation of bi-directional causal effects and heritable confounding from GWAS summary statistics
Shared genetic liability and causal associations between major depressive disorder and cardiovascular diseases
Shared genetic loci between depression and cardiometabolic traits
Genetic comorbidity between major depression and cardio‐metabolic traits
stratified by age at onset of major depression
Disrupted resting-state functional connectivity of the thalamus in patients with coronary heart disease
Silent ischemia as a central problem: regional brain activation compared in silent and painful myocardial ischemia
Central nervous pathways mediating angina pectoris
Resting-state functional connectivity in major depression: abnormally increased contributions from subgenual cingulate cortex and thalamus
Towards a multilevel model of major depression: genes
Heart–brain connections: phenotypic and genetic insights from magnetic resonance images
Depression heterogeneity and its biological underpinnings: toward immunometabolic depression
Genome-wide association study identifies genetic loci for self-reported habitual sleep duration supported by accelerometer-derived estimates
Psychiatric disorders and subsequent risk of cardiovascular disease: a longitudinal matched cohort study across three countries
Major depressive disorder and cardiometabolic diseases: a bidirectional Mendelian randomisation study
Comparison of sociodemographic and health-related characteristics of UK Biobank participants with those of the general population
Interpretation of Mendelian randomization using a single measure of an exposure that varies over time
The vascular depression hypothesis: mechanisms linking vascular disease with depression
Dissecting the association between inflammation
and specific depressive symptoms: a genetic correlation and 2-sample mendelian randomization study
Shared mechanisms between coronary heart disease and depression: findings from a large UK general population-based cohort
Evidence for causal effects of lifetime smoking on risk for depression and schizophrenia: a Mendelian randomisation study
A modern day perspective on smoking in peripheral artery disease
Our Epidemic of Loneliness and Isolation: The U.S
Surgeon General’s Advisory on the Healing Effects of Social Connection and Community (US Department of Health and Human Services
Loneliness before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Comorbid cardiovascular disease and major depression among ethnic and racial groups in the United States
Race and ethnic group differences in comorbid major depressive disorder
Identifying immunophenotypes of inflammation in depression: dismantling the monolith
Howrigan, D. P. et al. Nealelab/UK_Biobank_GWAS: v2. Zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.8011558 (2023)
COSGAP: COntainerized statistical genetics analysis pipelines
LD Hub: a centralized database and web interface to perform LD score regression that maximizes the potential of summary level GWAS data for SNP heritability and genetic correlation analysis
Functional mapping and annotation of genetic associations with FUMA
Comprehensive functional genomic resource and integrative model for the human brain
Genetic identification of cell types underlying brain complex traits yields insights into the etiology of Parkinson’s disease
Genetic identification of brain cell types underlying schizophrenia
Partitioning heritability by functional annotation using genome-wide association summary statistics
The GTEx Consortium atlas of genetic regulatory effects across human tissues
Nivard, M. Mediation model in GenomicSEM. GitHub https://gist.github.com/MichelNivard/04bf4ddcf3c32f905175de3058ca967a (2018)
Evaluating the potential role of pleiotropy in Mendelian randomization studies
Orienting the causal relationship between imprecisely measured traits using GWAS summary data
Robust inference in summary data Mendelian randomization via the zero modal pleiotropy assumption
Mendelian randomization with invalid instruments: effect estimation and bias detection through Egger regression
Assessing the suitability of summary data for two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses using MR–Egger regression: the role of the I2 statistic
Invited commentary: detecting individual and global horizontal pleiotropy in Mendelian randomization—a job for the humble heterogeneity statistic
Avoiding bias from weak instruments in Mendelian randomization studies
Bias correction for inverse variance weighting Mendelian randomization
Testing and correcting for weak and pleiotropic instruments in two-sample multivariable Mendelian randomization
Bergstedt, J. MDD-ASCVD genome-wide association study summary statistics. figshare https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.25737537 (2024)
Download references
This work was supported by European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (CoMorMent project; grant no
was supported by the US National Institutes of Mental Health (R01MH123724) and the Amsterdam University Medical Center Postdoc Career Bridging grant (27527)
was supported by the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions Grant 801133 (Scientia fellowship) and RCN 300309
is supported by a European Research Council Starting grant (UNRAVEL-CAUSALITY
grant number 101076686) and a Senior Scientist Dekker Grant from the Dutch Heart Foundation (project number 03-004-2022-0055)
was supported by the Outstanding Clinical Discipline Project of Shanghai Pudong (no
the Talent training project of the three-year action plan (2023–2025) for strengthening the construction of the public health system in Shanghai (no
the Interdisciplinary Joint Research Project of Tongji University (2023-3-YB-05) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
is part-funded by the NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London
is supported by the Wellcome Trust (220857/Z/20/Z) and UKRI (MR/W014386/1)
was supported by grants from the Lundbeck Foundation (R102-A9118
R155-2014-1724 and R248-2017-2003) and NIH/NIMH (1R01MH124851-01)
was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement nos
gratefully acknowledges support from the Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsrådet
the US National Institutes of Mental Health (R01s MH124871
MH121545 and MH123724) and the Horizon 2020 Programme of the European Union (grant agreement no
was supported by the European Research Council (grant agreement ID 101042183)
We acknowledge HERMES and CARDIoGRAMplusC4D consortia for contributing data and guidance
The PRS analyses have been conducted using the UKB resource under application number 22224
They were enabled by resources in project sens2017519 provided by the National Academic Infrastructure for Supercomputing in Sweden at UPPMAX
funded by the Swedish Research Council through grant agreement no
This work was performed on Services for Sensitive Data
the national infrastructure for high performance computing and data storage in Norway
Open access funding provided by Karolinska Institute
These authors contributed equally: Jacob Bergstedt
Jacob Bergstedt, Qing Shen, Unnur A
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics
Pasman, Ziyan Ma, Arvid Harder, Shuyang Yao, Sara Hägg, Patrick F
Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics
Shuyang Yao & Jens Hjerling-Leffler
University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital
Nadine Parker, Oleksandr Frei, Alexey A
Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Meijsen, Alfonso Buil & Thomas Werge
Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders
Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center
Department of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset
Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine
Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre
Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics
Centre for Genomics and Experimental Medicine
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
visualization and the drafting of the paper
performed the tissue expression analyses with help and supervision from S.Y.
who also helped with the writing and interpretation of these results
was involved in providing and cleaning GWAS summary statistic data
supervised the genomic SEM analysis and J.L.T
were involved in providing the containerized software used in this project and supervising the MiXeR analyses
were responsible for the MDD GWAS summary statistics and were involved in the interpretation of findings
helped with UKB data access and curation for the PRS analyses
provided suggestions and expert supervision and contributed to the writing
All authors have read and provided feedback on the paper
sits on the SAB of Myriad Neuroscience and has received speaker/consultancy fees from SYNLAB and UCB
has received speaker’s honoraria from Lundbeck
is a consultant to Cortechs.ai and Precision Health
and has received speaker’s honoraria from Lundbeck
has received consulting fees from and is a shareholder of Neumora Therapeutics
The other authors declare no competing interests
Nature Cardiovascular Research thanks Gabriëlla Blokland
reviewer(s) for their contribution to the peer review of this work
Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations
AF=Atrial Fibrillation; CAD=Coronary Artery Disease; HF=Heart Failure; MDD=Major depressive disorder; PAD=Peripheral Artery Disease
Source data
AF=Atrial Fibrillation; CAD=Coronary Artery Disease; Child
Mal.=Childhood Maltreatment; CRP=C-Reactive Protein; DBP=Diastolic Blood Pressure; Edu=Educational attainment; HDL=High-Density Lipoprotein; HF=Heart Failure; IL6=Interleukin-6; LDL=Low-Density Lipoprotein; MDD=Major Depressive Disorder; NonHDL=Non-High-Density Lipoprotein; PAD=Peripheral Artery Disease; Phys
Act.=Physical activity; PP=Pulse Pressure; Psychosocial=Psychosocial/lifestyle; SBP=Systolic Blood Pressure; T2D=Type II Diabetes; TC=Total Cholesterol; TG=Triglycerides
Source data
Source data
ADHD = Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder; PTSD = Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Source data
Results are based on LD Score Regression analysis. Points and error bars represent mean genetic correlation and 95% CIs. Sample sizes for underlying GWAS summary statistics are reported in Supplementary Table 1
Open dots indicate a non-significant genetic correlation
Mal.=Childhood Maltreatment; CRP = C-Reactive Protein; DBP=Diastolic Blood Pressure; Edu=Educational attainment; HDL=High-Density Lipoprotein; HF=Heart Failure; IL6=Interleukin-6; LDL=Low-Density Lipoprotein; MDD=Major Depressive Disorder; NonHDL=Non-High-Density Lipoprotein; PAD=Peripheral Artery Disease; Phys
Source data
Source data
Mal.=Childhood Maltreatment; CRP = C-Reactive Protein; DBP=Diastolic Blood Pressure; Edu=Educational attainment; HDL=High-Density Lipoprotein; IL6=Interleukin-6; LDL=Low-Density Lipoprotein; MDD=Major Depressive Disorder; NonHDL=Non-High-Density Lipoprotein; Phys
Source data
Results from Genomic SEM. Points and error bars represent mean genetic correlation and 95% confidence intervals. Reference estimates of the association without any adjustment are printed in black. Sample sizes for underlying GWAS summary statistics are reported in Supplementary Table 1
Source data
Source data
Results from multivariable MR. Points and error bars represent mean effect size (regression coefficient) and 95% CIs. IVW estimate shown. Reference estimates of the association without any adjustment are printed in black. Sample sizes for GWAS summary statistics are reported in Supplementary Table 1
Source data
Excel workbook containing all 20 supplementary tables for the paper
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s44161-024-00488-y
Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:
a shareable link is not currently available for this article
European Journal of Medical Research (2024)
Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science
Louisiana to the late Louis and Rosella (Engler) Bergstedt
Paul’s Lutheran Church and she survives
Kenneth worked as a supervisor for Campbell Soup Company and at North Star Steel as a maintenance supervisor
He was a 1970 graduate of Liberty Center High School and received his Associates Degree as a certified Electrician from Northwest State
Paul Lutheran Church and was baptized on July 20
He served in many roles there at the church including being a Past Congregational President. Kenneth was a life-long farmer
and a lifelong member of the Hereford Hog Association
Kenneth was an EMT and an EMT trainer for many years
His pride and joy were his grandchildren whom he enjoyed watching their sporting events and their showing of their animals at the local fairs
Kenneth is survived by his wife of 47 years
Karen; daughter Kim (Rob Firman) Bergstedt; sons: Kevin (Tabitha) Bergstedt
Kyle (Anna) Bergstedt; grandchildren: Kaden
William; sister Lois (Steve) Bell; brothers Paul (Linda) Bergstedt
Kenneth was preceded in death by his parents
and brothers-in-law Jim Trowbridge and Jeff Walters
Visitation for Kenneth will be held on Monday
2022 from 2:00 – 8:00 PM in the Hanneman Funeral Home
OH 43532 with interment to immediately follow in Young Cemetery
Memorial contributions in Kenneth’s honor may be gifted to St
Liberty-Washington Township Fire Department
Hanneman Funeral Home is honored to serve Kenneth’s family and encourage those to share a fond memory or condolence by visiting www.hannemanfuneralhomes.com
2014-15: He finished 10th in the senior men’s saber competition at the Parker Kickoff Open … tied for third at the Amarillo Open in senior mixed saber
he finished 10th in the senior division and fifth in the juniors … Amarillo Open
took second place in the mixed seniors … was the junior men’s saber champion in 2013 Falcon Open
also finished in eighth place in seniors … Brandeis Invite
finished 4-3 in saber … 5-4 at the Western Invitational … 2014 Duke Invite (3-6) … finished 10th at the West Regionals (2-8)
2012-13: Competed in the men’s saber division at the Nick Toth Open
tied for third in senior mixed saber at the Amarillo Open ..
I saber at the North American Cup (NAC) in St
finished in third place at the New Mexico Open ..
competed in senior men’s epee at the Falcon Open
was 3-0 in epee at the 2013 Notre Dame Dual
Before the Academy: Graduated from Carlsbad Seaside Academy ..
parents are Robert and Cynthia Bergstedt ..
Academy: Major is electrical engineering ..
wants to attend pilot training and have a career in engineering ..
We have the address for the funeral home & the family on file
If you're not happy with your card we'll send a replacement or refund your money
The family of Michael Bergstedt created this Life Tributes page to make it easy to share your memories
Made with love by funeralOne
Tim was born to Carl and Bette Bergstedt on August 12
Raised in the Kenwood neighborhood of Duluth Tim spent his childhood with his seven siblings; building forts and teaching his younger brothers how to drive a stick
Graduated from Central High School in 1967
Tim served domestically in the Air National Guard as a Dental Technician
He was working part-time at a marina and Sally and her family had just returned from a boat ride
Tim jumped into action and helped dock the boat
He asked for a date and Sally said she had other plans
Shortly thereafter they went on their first date
Later on they shared their first kiss through the screen door of her home
Tim was a dependable employee at UPS where he would serve and provide for his family for 35 years before semi-retiring
Tim needed to be active and continued serving the community by driving part-time for Stride
providing rides to those in need of transportation to their appointments
Tim was a selfless father giving his time and energy to be with his kids in their activities whenever he could; Tim was a leader in the Boy Scouts in a variety of roles: board chair
He was ever-present in the church and would take regular duties as head usher
he gave of himself the most behind the scene in service as handyman and care giver to the facility in his time off
man of faith to all; his family would know Tim to be the first to wake in the mornings and spend that time in his own personal devotions
Faith followed him into his social life; his friend group known simply as “the Lads” would enjoy woodworking
and encouraging each other in their Christian walk
Tim and Sally created a homestead out of nothing but a wooded lot
and sheds; then spent the next 40 years keeping everything running
While he was doing that he was instructing and passing that information on to his children
sharing insights and wisdom with the next generation
Tim is preceded in death by his father Carl and mother Bette
He is survived by his wife Sarah “Sally” of 50 years strong in Christ
and Laura (Tom) and seven grandchildren Bauer (12)
2022 at 2:00pm to be held at Lakeview Covenant Church in Duluth
or attend virtually at lakeviewcovenant.online.church if you prefer
links and updates will be on the Tim Bergstedt’s Memorial Facebook group
One of Tim’s last projects was a sleigh that he rebuilt
it will be on display in front of the church and open for attendees to have a photo taken in; as such feel free to dress in your favorite winter attire for a photo op
In lieu of flowers and to honor the many passions that Tim had in life we are setting up a website at https://donorbox.org/tim-bergstedt-sr-memorial to accept donations in his name that will be distributed in his name at a later date
Kaden Bergstedt is the 2021 Fulton County 4-H Dog Ambassador
He is the son of Kevin and Tabitha Bergstedt of Liberty Center
Kaden is a Junior at Liberty Center High School
He is a member of the Fulton Fantastics 4-H club where he currently is serving as the President
and a member of the Fulton County Junior fair board
goat,pig and chickens in 4-H and also draft horses in open class
Kaden’s future plans is to attend Bowling Green State University and study in Criminal Justice to become a K-9 unit officer
Δdocument.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value"
Welcome
Mickeymickey@disney.comManage MyDisney AccountLog OutRaleigh resident fights off intruder with firewoodTuesday
2016Matthew Lawrence Bergstedt image courtesy Raleigh-Wake City-County Bureau of IdentificationRALEIGH (WTVD) -- A man accused of kicking in the door of an apartment in Raleigh met his match when a man inside clobbered him with a piece of firewood
The Raleigh Police Department said it happened Monday on Shanda Drive off Spring Forest Road
27-year-old Matthew Lawrence Bergstedt has two black eyes and facial lacerations
Bergstedt fled and broke into a vacant apartment nearby
He's now charged with breaking and entering and attempted breaking and entering
Police also said it was not a random act as Bergstedt was once involved with a relationship with a woman in the apartment he attempted to enter
The First Presidency has called the following six new temple presidents and matrons
called as president of the Manhattan New York Temple
Brother Bench serves as second counselor in the Manhattan New York Temple presidency
to Earl Stauffer and Ruth Myrtle Evans Bench
Sister Bench serves as an assistant to the matron at the Manhattan New York Temple
She has also served as a stake and ward Relief Society president
called as president of the Medford Oregon Temple
Brother Bergstedt serves as a temple sealer
He has served as president of the California Arcadia Mission
Retired corporate director of physician services for IASIS Healthcare Corporation
to Henrik Waldemar and Ruth Nilsen Bergstedt
Sister Bergstedt serves as a temple ordinance worker
She served with her husband as he presided over the California Arcadia and Norway Oslo Missions
and has served as stake Relief Society president
a counselor in a stake Young Women presidency and ward Relief Society presidency
called as president of the Dallas Texas Temple
Brother Elmer serves as a stake Young Single Adult adviser and a temple sealer
He has served as president of the Australia Sydney South Mission
Joint owner and founder of Parkway Construction and Architecture
to Golden Charles and Dorothy Jean Peterson Elmer
Sister Elmer serves as a stake Young Single Adult adviser and temple ordinance worker
She served with her husband as he presided over the Australia Sydney South Mission
and has also served as ward and branch Relief Society president
in ward Young Women and Primary presidencies
to Jack Wesley and Betty Louise Anderson Semones
called as president of the Birmingham Alabama Temple
Brother Mayfield serves as the first counselor in the Birmingham Alabama Temple
Sister Mayfield serves as an assistant to the matron of the Birmingham Alabama Temple
She has served as stake and ward Primary president
counselor in a stake Young Women presidency
to Buford Raymond Price and Jimmie Lucille Andrews
called as president of the Seattle Washington Temple
Brother Ogden serves as a stake Sunday School president
He has served as president of the England Birmingham Mission
Retired president/chief executive officer of SunCor Development Corporation
to John Herbert and Lillian Elsie Beurrier Ogden
Sister Ogden serves as a ward Young Women president
She served with her husband as he presided over the England Birmingham Mission
and has also served in a stake Relief Society presidency
to William Ronald and Lucille Ashbaker Tibbitts
called as president of the Hamilton New Zealand Temple
Brother Roberts serves as a senior missionary couple and stake high councilor
president of the Japan Tokyo North Mission
Retired academic vice-president of the Auckland Institute of Studies St
Sister Roberts serves as a senior missionary couple
She served with her husband as he presided over the Japan Tokyo North Mission
and has also served in stake Relief Society and Primary presidencies
and as stake and ward Young Women president
rmorgenegg@desnews.com
of Lake Charles entered into Heaven Friday
LA and lived most of her life in Lake Charles
She was a graduate of Barbe High School where she was a talented performer for the Band of Blue Color Guard
She served as Captain her Junior and Senior year and went on to be an instructor for the Color Guard a few years following graduation
She continued her education at Northwestern State University where she pledged and was initiated into Phi MU Sorority and later studied at McNeese State University
She worked eight years as Office Coordinator in the Radiology Department of Christus Ochsners Lake Area Hospital
Tabitha enjoyed exercise and being a personal trainer
She loved to be active and was always ready to go out and experience new things
She will be most remembered for her optimism
bright spirit and smile that lit up any room she entered
Lance Rider and wife Penelope of Nacogdoches
Tana Rider of Lake Charles; maternal grandmother
Cecilia Bergstedt and Layna Bergstedt; “bonus” brother
Shannon Badeaux Rider; paternal grandparents
Berchman “Blanc” and Janette Rider; and maternal grandfather
Memorial services will be at 11:00 AM Tuesday
Visitation Monday will be from 5:00 PM until 8:00 PM
Visitation Tuesday will be from 9:00 AM until the time of service in the funeral home
Interment in Oaklin Springs Cemetery in Oberlin will be at a later date
Family wishes to express heartfelt thanks to Tabitha’s caregivers and friends of Christus Ochsners Lake Area Hospital and Heart of Hospice for their excellence in care and kindness
Giving swimmers a set stroke rate and then asking them to go continuously get faster
One of the most important goals of any training program is to help swimmers learn to use their arms to create more propulsion
Esteemed swim coach Andrew Sheaff shows us a simple strategy to easily implement technical discipline into day-to-day training
October 11th, 2013 Coach's Log, Training, Training Intel
Today’s Coach’s Intel was submitted by Brent Bergstedt of Rocky Mountain Thunder Swimming. The swimming workout he submitted is designed to help swimmers build a good solid base for the season ahead
YourSwimBook is a log book and goal setting guide designed specifically for competitive swimmers. It includes a ten month log book, comprehensive goal setting section, monthly evaluations to be filled out with your coach, and more. Learn 8 more reasons why this tool kicks butt
Team and group discounts are available for clubs. Fill out a request for a complimentary estimate by clicking here
Join the YourSwimBook weekly newsletter group and get motivational tips and more straight to your inbox. Sign up here
Δdocument.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value"
More from Olivier Poirier-LeroySee All
Subscribe to our newsletter and receive our latest updates
« Back
Bill and Sue Shearman have donated a Baldwin Baby Grand piano to the McNeese State University W.A
and Dorothy Hanna Department of Performing Arts through the McNeese Foundation
Want more stories like this one sent straight to your inbox every week? Sign up for our McNeese eNewsletter!
The Office of Marketing and Communications
First Time Freshman
Transfer Students
Graduate Students
International Students
McNeese Online
Financial Aid & Scholarships
Freshman Advising
Visit McNeese
Undergraduate Programs
Graduate Programs
Online Programs
Academic Catalog
Student Resources
Colleges & Departments
Academic Schedule
Class Search
Activities & Organizations
Campus Amenities
Health & Wellness
Campus Housing
Fitness & Athletics
Campus Safety
Internships & Employment
Student Publications
Our Mission
History & Tradition
Leadership
Facts & Statistics
Accreditation
Visit McNeese
McNeese State University has been trusted and respected as an institution of innovation and academic excellence
Ranked as one of the top public universities in the United States and one of the finest regional universities in the South
Dual Enrollment
Student Success and Retention
Student Services
Living on Campus
Health and Wellness
Campus Compliance and Civility
Student Publications
Rodeo Team
A Commack woman pleaded guilty Wednesday to a charge of stealing $250,000 over four years from customers' accounts while she worked at a Commack-based youth camp
had faced a second-degree grand larceny charge for the thefts between 2016 and 2020 from accounts with the Iroquois Springs Camp
according to the Suffolk County District Attorney's Office
Prosecutors said Bergstedt diverted customer’s payments into other bank accounts under similar names while she worked at the camp
Authorities said the accounts were opened without the owner of the camp’s knowledge
Iroquois Springs runs a summer camp in the Catskills community of Rock Hill and a winter camp in Dix Hills, according to its website.
Bergstedt’s attorney and the owner of the Iroquois Springs camp each declined to comment
politics and crime stories in Suffolk County
By clicking Sign up, you agree to our privacy policy
“This defendant placed her own greed above the welfare of children by stealing money earmarked for a summer camp and pocketed it for her own personal use,” Suffolk County District Attorney Ray Tierney said in a statement
you are also harming the Suffolk County community at large," Tierney said
you will be held to account for your actions and legally forced to repay the money you stole.”
Suffolk County Supreme Court Justice John B
Collins ordered Bergstedt to pay restitution or otherwise face between three to 15 years in prison
Get more on these and other NewsdayTV stories
The Newsday app makes it easier to access content without having to log in
Unlimited Digital AccessOnly 25¢for 6 months
The new leaders and their wives will begin service about July 1
Norway Oslo Mission; Monument Park 4th Ward
Salt Lake Foothill Stake; corporate director of physician services for IASIS Healthcare Corp.; gospel doctrine teacher
Young Men president; born in Salt Lake City
An assessment scorer for the Salt Lake School District
she is a Young Women president and has served as Primary teacher
Relief Society president's counselor and Young Women adviser
to Mack Colvin and Grace Lore Perschon Corbett
Ukraine Donetsk Mission; Overland Park 1st Ward
Lenexa Kansas Stake; president and CEO of K and D Marketing Group; Area Authority Seventy
stake president and bishop; born in Salt Lake City
to Reuel Eldon and Vonda Thea Henrie Christensen
She is stake director of public affairs and community relations
stake and ward Relief Society president and manager of regional employment center
Niteroi Brazil Stake; professor at Maria Tereza Faculty and University of Salgado Oliveira
retired military officer and personnel manager for Church regional office; former stake president's counselor
to Antonio Pinheiro and Maria de Nazare Rodriques Duarte
Married Raymunda Cezith Moreira Da Cunha Scatolini R.
former public affairs administrator in the Rio de Janeiro multi-stake council
stake Primary and Young Women president and ward Young Women president
to Antonio and Therezinha Angelia Moreira da Cunha Scatolini
Cape Verde Praia Mission; Highland View Ward
Salt Lake Canyon Rim Stake; assistant to vice president of DMBA; bishop's counselor in the Timpanogos Branch at Draper Prison
she is a literacy tutor and editor of branch newspaper
former Relief Society and Primary president
Lambda Delta Sigma adviser and Young Women adviser
Brazil Manaus Mission; Sao Jose Brazil Stake; self-employed attorney
high councilor and stake mission president; born in Santos
She is a Sunday School teacher and former Primary president and counselor
Young Women president's counselor and and gospel essentials teacher
self-packaging matters; ward mission leader
bishop and high priests group leader; born in Preston
she is a gospel doctrine teacher and former stake choral director
Relief Society president and Young Women president's counselor
Argentina Neuquen Mission; Edgemont 13th Ward
Provo Utah Edgemont North Stake; vice president and general manager of XO Communications
Utah; currently serving full-time in Provo Utah Mission on the Navajo Reservation
bishop and counselor and high priests group leader; born in Phoenix
to Joseph Leonard and Marjorie Esther Brand Stewart
She is serving a full-time mission and is a former stake young single adult adviser
Relief Society compassionate service leader and Young Women adviser
to Donald Hugh and Mary Josephine Quist Mackay
Lehi Utah East Stake; retired dentist; chairman of the Missionary Dental Health Advisory Committee
high councilor and bishop; born in Hurricane
Primary president's counselor and teacher
Relief Society president's instructor and music leader
a full-service commercial real estate company based in Southfield
announced four team member promotions across its portfolio of companies
“We are delighted to announce the promotion of four of our dedicated leaders
“I am confident they will find great success in their elevated roles and continue to serve as role models to their respective departments and colleagues.”
Sioma was promoted from general manager to vice president of Farbman Group’s two maintenance companies
Apex Mechanical Solutions and Huntington Maintenance Co
he will oversee both company’s daily operations and manage several employees
He has been with Farbman Group since September of 2018
Valasek was promoted from vice president to regional manager of Ohio
Valasek has been with Farbman Group since March of 2020
Valasek will oversee all properties and managers in Ohio from Farbman Group’s corporate office
Farbman Group promoted Passalacqua from senior property manager to general manager at the firm’s corporate office
Passalacqua will be responsible for overseeing a team of six property managers
Passalacqua earned his master’s degree in urban studies and planning from Wayne State University
Bergstedt was promoted from senior CAM accountant to senior corporate accountant in Farbman Group’s finance department
Bergstedt will now oversee the common area maintenance reconciliations to observe the corporate accounting division
She will also oversee all Farbman companies from an accounting perspective
This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks
The action you just performed triggered the security solution
There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase
You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked
Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page
Dear Reader,Unfortunately our comment platform isn\'t available at the moment due to issues with our paywall and authentication vendor
Sonoma County Registrar of Voters Deva Proto estimated 40,000 ballots are left to count
She said she expects turnout will reach close to 45%
The top vote-getters in races for Sonoma County sheriff and Superior Court judge have widened their leads slightly in the latest batch of local June 7 election results
As of Wednesday, 97,728 ballots had been counted, bringing voter turnout to 32.15%. The new tally added 13,560 votes to returns last updated Monday
Sonoma County Registrar of Voters Deva Proto estimated there are 40,000 ballots left to count
superior court judge and Sonoma County superintendent of schools have hung in the balance
as ballot returns have inched up since the primary
remains just above the margin that would propel him into the sheriff’s post without need for a November runoff
He had 50.22% of 89,429 counted votes in the race
the former Healdsburg police chief who had pulled out of the sheriff’s race and died in April
received 51.76% of 84,491 votes counted so far
strengthening his edge over Joe Passalacqua
The tight battle for Sonoma County superintendent of schools still looks to be headed for a runoff between Amie Carter and Brad Coscarelli
an assistant superintendent with the Marin County Office of Education
received 44.59% of 83,576 counted votes by Wednesday
superintendent of the Mark West Union School District and the third candidate in the race
incumbent David Rabbitt saw his lead dip by about 2 percentage points
but he still holds enough of a margin to avoid a runoff
Rabbitt has 55.34% of 19,388 counted votes
Hooper is a Petaluma planning commissioner and legislative consultant in the state Senate
You can reach Staff Writer Emma Murphy at 707-521-5228 or emma.murphy@pressdemocrat.com
Hiller has been unable to attend city council meetings since August 2013 due to medical issues
He requested that the city council make a temporary appointment to the Ward 4 council seat until he is able to resume his duties
Hiller was first elected to the Minnetonka City Council Ward 4 seat in 2007 and was re-elected in 2011 to a term ending January 2016
Bergstedt served as mayor of Minnetonka from 1990–1994 and as Ward 4 council member from 1986–1990
He also served on the Minnetonka Planning Commission from 1982–1985
Bergstedt served as a Hopkins School District board member from 1997–2005
He has a bachelor of arts degree in psychology and a doctor of dental surgery degree
have lived in Minnetonka for 34 years and have one adult daughter
Bergstedt will be sworn in at the January 6 meeting of the Minnetonka City Council
and will serve as Ward 4 council member until Hiller is able to resume his duties
Get more local news delivered straight to your inbox. Sign up for free Patch newsletters and alerts.