written in 14th-century Germany (Photo: AP /Israel Museum Jerusalem) | Photo: AP
676 years ago, on the first day of Nisan 5109 (March 21, 1349), one of the greatest tragedies in Jewish history occurred – the Erfurt Massacre. Approximately 3,000 members of the Jewish community in the German city were murdered in riots that erupted during Sabbath prayers
part of the 1349 persecutions that swept across Europe during the Black Death
The Black Death – the plague epidemic that ravaged Europe in the 14th century – claimed the lives of tens of millions
blood libels spread accusing Jews of poisoning wells and causing the epidemic
The result was a wave of brutal riots in many cities
which sealed the fate of entire Jewish communities
which was a vibrant center of Torah learning
also lost one of its spiritual leaders that day – Rabbi Alexander Suslin HaCohen
author of "Sefer HaAgudah." Jews who fled the city commemorated the tragedy in lamentations
wrote "Zion Aryeh Bechi," a heartbreaking lament about what had occurred
a cultural erasure campaign took place: valuable Hebrew manuscripts were defaced and looted
Some were preserved in various libraries throughout Germany
and later became part of what is now called the "Erfurt Collection."
The Erfurt Massacre was not an isolated event
It was part of a horrific chain of killing sprees
during which tens of thousands of Jews were murdered across Europe in a period of less than two years
but estimates range from 50,000 to 100,000 Jews who were murdered or perished in riots
The most severe riots occurred in major cities in Germany
Jewish communities in many cities were almost completely destroyed
and many Jews were forced to convert or flee to Eastern Europe
where they received more tolerant treatment during that period
If we thought the Middle Ages were behind us
history reminds us again and again: we are the only ones to stand up for our fate
We are the only ones responsible for ensuring "never again."
You think I'm gonna put up with this sh*t at my bar
Newly revealed SS officer tape provides direct evidence of Hitler's explicit command for Jewish extermination
A group called "Youth Demand" called on protesters to come to the site
Analysis
Archaeology
Blogpost
Business & Finance
Culture
Exclusive
Explainer
Environment
Features
Health
In Brief
Jewish World
Judea and Samaria
Lifestyle
Cyber & Internet
Sports
Diplomacy
Iran & The Gulf
Gaza Strip
Politics
Shopping
Terms of use
Privacy Policy
Submissions
Contact Us
The first issue of Israel Hayom appeared on July 30
Israel Hayom was founded on the belief that the Israeli public deserves better
more balanced and more accurate journalism
[contact-form-7 id=”508379″ html_id=”isrh_form_Newsletter_en” title=”newsletter_subscribe”]
This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks
The action you just performed triggered the security solution
There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase
You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked
Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page
Our mission is to support a model of growth that allows America's cities
towns and neighborhoods to become financially strong and resilient
The new book from Strong Towns, Escaping the Housing Trap, is available for preorder now. Get yours today
The Strong Towns Crash Analysis Studio is one of the toughest projects I’ve ever worked on
Over the past two years, Strong Towns has reviewed almost 150 crash nominations and worked with volunteers to conduct 21 Crash Analysis Studios
I have enjoyed working with members of the Strong Towns movement to develop and refine a new way of responding to crashes that moves beyond blame
It has been meaningful to watch how this work has shifted the conversation and led to more action in hundreds of communities
the fundamental purpose of the Studio project is to address the fatalities on our roadways — over 40,000 of them a year
Each of these nominations and Studios represents lives that have been changed forever
Of the 21 studios that Strong Towns helped conduct
Each Studio involved the gathering of news stories and eyewitness reports
The purpose of these reviews is to understand the contributing factors that helped cause each crash
Each of these crashes represents the worst day in the lives of at least two families and a community
Everyone impacted is understandably highly emotional
The Studio process requires a little detective work where you have to attempt to understand the conditions of the location of the crash from the perspective of those involved
This means reliving the experience of these fateful events over and over again
The worst part is the realization of how senseless these tragedies are
there was no one thing we could point to and say
"If we could just go back in time and do this one thing
Each crash, regardless of location and those involved, had layers of contributing factors. These factors resulted in all parties involved making risky decisions
driving through an intersection or doing one of the mundane mini activities each of us do while traveling through our cities
I read the news stories and listened to the eyewitness accounts
You could feel the true pain that these crashes inflicted on the communities and families involved
It did not matter how much time had passed since the crash; the emotions and pain had not waned.
all of the people involved in these crashes reminded me of my family and friends
Although I personally knew none of the individuals involved in these crashes
As I looked at each of the intersections and roadways where these crashes occurred
I could connect to these places because they looked like my street and the roads that I travel on a regular basis through my community
None of these locations featured one-off conditions or something abnormal
All of these locations followed the standards and practices commonly used by our roadway designers and maintained through the best practices shared by Public Works departments
Although we selected crashes for the Studios that were not on the edge of extreme
these are all too common with the places we all know
The Crash Analysis Studio is formatted to be clinical
but it is really hard to abandon the most human of emotions
each of the studios was an emotional roller coaster — if you listen closely to the recordings
I was not alone in this experience.
Each Studio began with a somber reminder and moment of silence for the victims of each crash
We took this moment to recognize the gravity of children
neighbors and friends who were following the regular pattern of their day
The most gut-wrenching stomach punch of the Studios was the Carlsbad crash
This horrific crash occurred on a local neighborhood street near a school
where 35-year-old Christine Hawk Embree and her 16-month-old daughter Delilah were traveling on an e-bike when a car failed to stop at the intersection and hit them
Christine and her husband were in front of their city council
asking for help to slow traffic and make their neighborhood streets safer
They were advocating for changes to the contributing factors that later led to Christine’s death
This is something that weighed on me heavily throughout that Studio
and it's something that I will carry forever
The next step in each Studio was to methodically go through the contributing factors of the crash
These discussions are intentionally clinical
describing exactly what occurred and reliving this tragedy through this discussion
each of the Studios revealed something new to me within our built environment that cannot be understood through a manual or set of engineering plans
several of the Studios included things such as incomplete sidewalks that were seemingly stopped mid-construction
Egregious amounts of signage either communicated conflicting messages
were installed directly in front of other signs
sacrificing the messaging of the latter ones
The most painful of Studio discussions occurred where "improvements" or "upgrades" had been made by well-intentioned designers in the name of complete streets or other admirable causes
yet failed to be fully realized or were incorrectly installed
these are the projects where crosswalks were started but not completed
and the Crash Analysis Studio was the first time anyone had taken the time to actually look at the user experience in the area
One might say that these were the projects built with a long list of good intentions
Each of these Studios included the friends and families of these victims in the audience
They listened and watched as the panel explored the contributing factors that changed their lives forever
it is in our human nature to rationalize this trauma
We want to assign blame or understand a cause
you quickly come to the realization that there is no one person or thing to blame
many contributing factors that make our streets dangerous
After identifying the contributing factors
my emotion always climbs to a level of frustration
Sharing recommendations of what could be done to address these contributing factors helps me cope with these emotions
The panelists have an opportunity to share lots of really good ideas
These are all ideas that can be deployed tomorrow with the resources at hand today
there were a minimum of four or five things that a municipality could do tomorrow to address the factors that contributed to these crashes
and every single one of these recommended responses could prevent a second person from dying at these locations
the signal timing of the traffic lights meant that it was useless for pedestrians to push the button because the light didn't give them enough time to cross the street
Altering those traffic signals takes a few minutes in front of a computer at a cozy office desk
and the intersections had been eroded to accommodate fast-turning vehicles
Cities could initially begin with paint and delineators to narrow the lanes or tighten the intersections
This is something that I’ve learned from my own experience takes about an afternoon to install and can literally be decided with a meeting in the field
The hardest part is coordinating the schedule of the street designer and the public works director for that meeting
I would become emotionally drained and depressed
I would have to step away from my desk and go for a walk
Each of these Studios exposed how awful the design of these streets really is
I understood that there was no one cause of the crash and that there were many contributing factors
the one thing that connected all of these crashes was the designs of these streets
this is a systemic problem that negatively impacts all of us
yet this is not a broadly understood reality
The catchphrase “You're Doing It Wrong” comes to my mind following all of these Studios. We have huge room for improvement in how we design and build our roadways. This particularly rang true in the Nice, California
stop signs for cars had been installed within the crosswalks for walkers throughout the town
This is a mistake that should have been caught by the sign installer
identified by the person painting or repainting the crosswalks
by the designers that just installed new bus shelters
which includes a shopping list of items they can purchase at the hardware store to make a street safer
I also had memorable calls from technical professionals in these communities who pushed back on the contributing factors and recommendations in the Studio
challenging the observations of the Crash Analysis Studio
This particular engineer was offended by how the roadway was described in the Studio and felt that it was misrepresented
I don’t know how one can misrepresent a fatality on a local neighborhood street where 93% of drivers were speeding and the 85th percentile of speed was almost 40 mph
Our local volunteers also shared the feedback they had received from their respective cities
When these advocates shared the Studio's findings and recommendations
city officials often agreed with them but said that the same problems occurred on many streets in the city and that
the problem was everywhere and city officials did not know where to start
cones and paint could address these issues
The reports also mobilize a community to combat apathy and move beyond blame for crashes
The Crash Analysis Studio is one of the toughest projects I’ve ever worked on because each crash is emotional and a senseless loss
we are seeing a shift toward a greater awareness that these tragedies are an opportunity to learn
The Crash Analysis Studio is an approach that everyday citizens can conduct and a public engagement process that every city can embrace
Click here to learn more about the Crash Analysis Studio process and how you can make your city’s streets safer
a technical professional or a concerned citizen
Edward Erfurt is the Chief Technical Advisor at Strong Towns
He is a trained architect and passionate urban designer with over 20 years of public- and private-sector experience focused on the management
and successful implementation of development and placemaking projects that enrich the tapestry of place
He believes in community-focused processes that are founded on diverse viewpoints
traditional town-planning principles and development patterns that result in sustainable growth with the community character embraced by the communities which he serves
towns and neighborhoods take local action to grow safe
Become a MemberSign Up for EmailsPitch a StoryRSS Feed
BooksAction LabBlog RollShopPress
About UsTeam | BoardEmploymentContact Us
Privacy PolicyComment PolicyFAQSearch
Strong Towns is a 501(c)3 non-profit organization. Our work is performed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
Solar cell and module manufacturer Meyer Burger has announced job cuts and strategic restructuring
as the company’s CEO and CFO have both departed
The company announced a “strategic realignment” of its operations to “focus on production and technology to ensure [a] return to profitability”
Meyer Burger has two production facilities: a solar cell facility in Thalheim
which supplies a module assembly plant in Goodyear
The company said it will focus on “existing production capacity” and maintaining its technological operations
Meyer Burger produces n-type heterojunction technology (HJT) solar products
a less common technology offering in an industry that has largely shifted to n-type tunnel oxide passivated contact (TOPCon) technology
Meyer Burger will also slash its workforce from approximately 1,050 employees to around 850 by the end of 2025
the company said it has forecast revenues of around CHF350-400 million (US$415-474 million) by 2026
based on “existing production capacity and long-term supply agreements with key customers.” It will also seek to generate additional revenue by selling technology and equipment to “customers in the areas of solar cell production and module technology”
Meyer Burger posted net losses of US$330 million
which it attributed to “dumping prices from Chinese suppliers in Europe
coupled with a sharp rise in Chinese production overcapacity and a lack of market protection.”
Last month, Meyer Burger announced that it was abandoning its plans for a 2GW HJT cell production facility in the US as the project was “no longer financially viable”
It simultaneously said that a planned expansion of its Arizona module production facility was “suspended for the time being”
and CFO Markus Nikles have also stepped down
Erfurt blamed a lack of political support in Europe and dependence on China for the company’s woes:
European politicians were too afraid of China and were not prepared to protect the European solar industry against unfair competition,” he wrote
an industry of the future has been sacrificed to China
diametrically opposed to the political declarations of intent since the coronavirus pandemic … Europe’s 100% dependence on China in the solar sector
one of the most important energy sources of the future
“I stand by my firm conviction: Europe has both the technology
the trained people and the entrepreneurial creativity to succeed
it just needs industrial policy that not only recognises the signs of the times in speeches
but courageously translates them into action.”
signed between EU member states and representative solar industry trade groups
which saw members “commit” to supporting the European industry
European solar manufacturing has floundered
told PV Tech: “While there’s more political attention on solar supply chains than ever before
solar manufacturing companies are still waiting for substantial support on the ground
The swift implementation of the Net-Zero Industry Act will be critical in the effort to retain and rebuild Europe’s solar manufacturing capacity.”
Erfurt spoke to PV Tech Premium earlier this year and said that the company had been ‘proven right’ in its decision to relocate its module manufacturing to the US
He also said that the company had washed its hands of the EU’s stalling efforts to support solar manufacturing and was “over it”
we have upgraded our product offerings and features to bring you the best experience
please check your email inbox for password reset message from PV Tech and follow the instructions
Can\'t find the email? Try to sign in again and use the "Forgot Password" button
If you have any questions please contact us.
The Ahmadiyya Muslim community in Erfurt, Thuringia has around 100 members, so their planned mosque is not particularly large. Nevertheless, the construction project has been met with fierce opposition from some residents.
be it covering international events or zooming in on some of the quirks of daily life
they report on the changes they see taking place in Germany
You are using an outdated browser. Please upgrade your browser or activate Google Chrome Frame to improve your experience
Meyer Burger CEO Gunter Erfurt has resigned
CFO Markus Nikles is also stepping down as part of the company’s restructuring
From pv magazine Germany
Meyer Burger Technology AG said this week that it has begun a strategic reorientation
These steps include a comprehensive restructuring of the company's top management
with CEO Gunter Erfurt leaving the Switzerland-based PV manufacturer and handing over the management to previous Chairman of the Board of Directors Franz Richter
Erfurt will “be available to the board of directors in an advisory capacity during a transitional period with his extensive industry network and knowledge of the international solar industry.”
Richter said that Erfurt played a key role in shaping Meyer Burger's recent years as CEO and CTO
leading the company through its shift from a production equipment supplier to a solar cell and module manufacturer in a challenging market
“With his tireless commitment to Meyer Burger and the European and American solar industry
Erfurt has become a renowned advocate for the industry worldwide
Richter himself wants to bring his many years of experience in the restructuring of industrial companies to his new position,” said Richter
“It was a great honor for me – the best to the company and its team
Good luck and much success for a sunny future.”
He thanked everyone who worked alongside him and the company
European politicians were too afraid of China and were not prepared to protect the European solar industry from unfair competition and
to seize the unique opportunity to start a European job engine based on leading European solar technology,” said Erfurt
“I stand by my firm conviction: Europe has both the technology
the trained people and the entrepreneurial creativity to be successful
it just needs an industrial policy that not only recognizes the signs of the times in speeches
but courageously puts them into practice … Solar energy is and will remain an important manufacturing industry for the future of Europe.”
with Ralf Hermkens (USA) and Frank Zimmermann (Europe)
The management board has been reduced to three people
with a focus on quickly returning to profitability
COO Daniel Menzel will now oversee sales in addition to his current role
while CSO Katja Tavernaro will handle legal and personnel matters during the restructuring
Meyer Burger has also launched a restructuring program aimed at restoring profitability
“In addition to focusing on the production areas in Thalheim (Germany
the technological capabilities in Hohenstein-Ernstthal (Germany) are to be maintained in order to be able to further develop the technology in the future,” said Meyer Burger
The company said it plans to reduce its global workforce from about 1,050 to 850 by the end of 2025
It added that it plans to explore selling technology and equipment to strategic customers in solar cell manufacturing and module technology to boost sales and profit margins
The company will maintain liquidity through solar module sales from existing inventory and by developing other unspecified assets
It also said that it is analyzing various options to close the remaining financing gap
More articles from Petra Hannen
Please be mindful of our community standards
and website in this browser for the next time I comment
Δdocument.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value"
By submitting this form you agree to pv magazine using your data for the purposes of publishing your comment
Your personal data will only be disclosed or otherwise transmitted to third parties for the purposes of spam filtering or if this is necessary for technical maintenance of the website
Any other transfer to third parties will not take place unless this is justified on the basis of applicable data protection regulations or if pv magazine is legally obliged to do so
You may revoke this consent at any time with effect for the future
in which case your personal data will be deleted immediately
your data will be deleted if pv magazine has processed your request or the purpose of data storage is fulfilled
Further information on data privacy can be found in our Data Protection Policy
Δdocument.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value"
This website uses cookies to anonymously count visitor numbers. View our privacy policy. ×
The cookie settings on this website are set to "allow cookies" to give you the best browsing experience possible
If you continue to use this website without changing your cookie settings or you click "Accept" below then you are consenting to this
Close
your new go-to podcast to spice up your weekday mornings with relevant news
and behind-the-scenes from Brussels and beyond
From the economy to the climate and the EU's role in world affairs
this talk show sheds light on European affairs and the issues that impact on our daily lives as Europeans
Tune in to understand the ins and outs of European politics
Dare to imagine the future with business and tech visionaries
Deep dive conversations with business leaders
Euronews Tech Talks goes beyond discussions to explore the impact of new technologies on our lives
the podcast provides valuable insights into the intersection of technology and society
Europe's water is under increasing pressure
floods are taking their toll on our drinking water
Join us on a journey around Europe to see why protecting ecosystems matters
and to discover some of the best water solutions
an animated explainer series and live debate - find out why Water Matters
We give you the latest climate facts from the world’s leading source
analyse the trends and explain how our planet is changing
We meet the experts on the front line of climate change who explore new strategies to mitigate and adapt
German leftist politician Sahra Wagenknecht was sprayed with a red liquid-like paint during a campaign event on Thursday in the eastern city of Erfurt
ahead of closely watched state elections on Sunday
founder of the eponymous Sahra Wagenknecht Alliance (BSW)
was only lightly splattered by the liquid but briefly left the stage
A man was immediately pushed to the ground by security forces
Wagenknecht returned to the stage and later wrote on the social media platform X that she was scared but fine
the incident comes as political violence in Germany is on the rise
a prominent Berlin politician was violently assaulted and suffered injuries to her head and neck
a candidate from the centre-left party of Chancellor Olaf Scholz SPD was beaten up in the eastern city of Dresden while campaigning and had to undergo surgery
Both government and opposition parties say their members and supporters have faced a wave of physical and verbal attacks in recent months and have called on police to step up protection for politicians and election rallies
one of two eastern states along with Saxony that are holding elections on Sunday
which could see the far-right Alternative for Germany (AFD) become the strongest party for the first time
who formally launched her party in January
also hopes to shake up the picture as the national government has squabbled its way to deep unpopularity
both at their strongest in the formerly communist east
have been fed in part by discontent with the national government
The parties in Scholz’s governing alliance squabbled publicly throughout the campaign for the European elections in June and obtained dismal results
The internal hostilities have intensified over a summer plagued by disagreements about the 2025 budget
a self-described "left conservative" platforms on a combination of left-wing economic policy
She also questions some environmentalists' plans to combat climate change and opposes current sanctions against Russia
which was once Germany's leading gas supplier
She has declared that her party will only join state governments with a "clear position for diplomacy and against the preparation of war"
The radical far-right’s anti-immigrant rhetoric has raised not only concerns from people working to combat discrimination
but also minorities such as Black Germans and African migrants
who are among the most visible minorities and often the first to be discriminated against
a 22-year-old migrant from Guinea in West Africa
poses for a portrait prior to an interview with The Associated Press near a dilapidated storage building where he and two friends were hunted and beaten up in 2020
poses for a portrait prior to an interview with The Associated Press near a dilapidated storage building were he and two friends being hunted and beaten up in 2020
during an interview with The Associated Press near a dilapidated storage building where he and two friends were hunted and beaten up in 2020
A dilapidated storage building is seen in Erfurt
a 22-year-old migrant from Guinea in West Africa and two friends were hunted and beaten up in 2020
German federal state Thuringia’s minister for migration
poses for a portrait prior to an interview with The Associated Press in Erfurt
the daughter of a Black father from Tanzania and a white
was born and grew up in Thuringiain and is a member of the Green Party
poses for a portrait at her desk prior to an interview with The Associated Press in Erfurt
a chemist from Cameroon who moved to Thuringia in 1994 to study
poses for a portrait after an interview with The Associated Press in Jena
an organization that is based in the city of Jena and helps university students and migrants from Africa when they experience discrimination in Jena
An AfD election campaign posters showing the slogan “summer
remigration,” and the photo of a plane dubbed “deportation airline” is displayed in Erfurt
top candidate of the far-right Alternative for Germany party
speaks on an election campaign rally of the party for upcoming state elections in Suhl
A man covering with a German national flag with the slogan “We are the people” listens to Bjoern Hoecke
during an election campaign rally of the party for upcoming state elections in Suhl
People wave German national flags as they listen to Bjoern Hoecke
Germany (AP) — It was a balmy summer night in 2020
shortly after the lifting of Germany’s first COVID-19 lockdown
and Omar Diallo and two friends from his home country of Guinea wanted to celebrate Eid al-Adha
walking through the city at night — we just wanted to be together again and have a good time,” Diallo
He was not prepared for how the day would end
Suddenly Diallo and his friends were confronted by three black-clad white men
“They were shouting: ‘What do you want here
seven — they were surrounding us from all sides
and then they started chasing us,” he said
At some point Diallo managed to call the police
One of his friends was beaten up so badly that he had to be hospitalized
It all happened only because of my skin color.”
Being Black in Germany has always meant exposure to racism
from everyday humiliations to deadly attacks
which was run by a communist dictatorship until the end of 1989
residents barely had any contact with people of different ethnicities and were not allowed to travel freely abroad
Experts say that specifically in Thuringia
radical far-right forces have created an environment that’s hostile toward minorities
with the rise of the far-right Alternative for Germany
Black Germans and African migrants like Diallo are growing increasingly concerned
which has a population of 2.1 million,holds state elections on Sept
and the fiercely anti-immigration AfD is leading the polls
down only slightly from 88 attacks in 2022
which Ezra described as “an all-time high of right-wing and racist violence” in the state
an extreme right-wing movement has formed in Thuringia
which has contributed to a noticeable ideological radicalization of its followers
the Alternative for Germany party is the main beneficiary,” Ezra and a consortium of organizations tracking racism wrote in their annual report
harbor a great danger in Thuringia,” says Doreen Denstaedt
the daughter of a Black father from Tanzania and a white German mother
The 46-year-old member of the Green party said that growing up in Communist East Germany
she was “always the only Black child.” As a teenager
she was never allowed to go home on her own because of the risk of racist attacks
and she sometimes suffered racist slurs in her school
“I actually experienced myself that people called me a foreigner
because I was born in Saalfeld” in Thuringia
She fears that in the current political climate
racist narratives will become acceptable in the middle of society
“My biggest concern is that people do not question (these prejudices)
especially if they are not affected themselves,” she said
It’s not exactly clear how many Black people live in Germany nowadays
as different ethnicities are not documented in official statistics
but estimates put the number of people of African descent at 1.27 million
which tracks migration issues in the country
Germany’s history of racial discrimination begins long before the Nazis began excluding
deporting and ultimately murdering Black people in the 1930s and 1940s
The German Empire held numerous colonies in Africa from 1884 until the end of World War I
These included territories in present-day Tanzania
a 58-year-old chemist from Cameroon who moved to Thuringia in 1994 to study
says he’s shocked how little Germans know about their colonial history
He says this ignorance may also factor into the unequal treatment of Black people
“I’ve been teaching classes in school,” Egbe told the AP
“I tell them a bit about myself and especially the fact that Cameroon was a German colony
Many students don’t know anything about Africa or about the German past and it must be put on the map.”
an organization that helps university students and migrants from Africa when they experience discrimination in the city of Jena
He’s worried about the rise of the AfD but has no intention of leaving
we will do our part to change this society,” he said
“People are mostly afraid of what and who they don’t know
We have to change things through education.”
the Guinean who was attacked in Erfurt four years ago
he also vowed to help improve the situation for Black people in Germany
it also empowered him to fight for justice
he enrolled in university in Munich to study law
“I don’t exactly know yet how I’m going to change Germany
the City of Erfurt an the Erfurt Tourismus und Marketing GmbH (ETMG) are launching a joint advertising campaign with the support of Erfurt's five universities to highlight Erfurt as an attractive place to study
The aim is to inspire prospective students throughout Germany to study in the Thuringian state capital
Even Martin Luther knew that Erfurt was a good place to study
the IU International University and the International University of Cooperative Education (iba)
there are five universities in the Thuringian state capital that offer a diverse range of course offerings with 133 degree programmes
The relaxed yet lively city life in a historic setting and a strong student community provide the perfect setting for studying
the city and ETMG are launching an advertising campaign in cooperation with the universities at the end of April
The new location campaign will utilise various communication channels: in addition to the newly launched central university location website www.campus-erfurt.de
social media activities and digital advertising spaces in the Erfurt city area
explains: "Erfurt is a university city with a future – liveable and diverse
Our aim is to encourage young people from all over Germany to study here and discover the city as a centre of life for themselves
But we also want to show young people from Erfurt what prospects their home city has to offer
we score points with the wide range of course offerings at our five universities and the excellent supervision
the short distances in the city and special features such as the cultural semester ticket." Christian Fothe
adds: "This is exactly where our campaign comes in
We are focussing on the strengths of the city and giving it a face as a university city
we are effectively getting Erfurt talked about on various channels." Uta Scheunert
Professor at the International University and Chair of the Municipal University and Student Advisory Board
is delighted: "This initiative by the city administration and ETMG shows that Erfurt attaches great importance to its students and its five universities
The campaign is a commitment to the university city."
You are in the news section of the Student Council
Further news, press releases and current topics can be found on the "News" pages of the University of Erfurt
Studierendenrat der Universität Erfurt Nordhäuser Straße 63 99089 Erfurt
+49 361 737-1890stura.vorstand@uni-erfurt.de
University of Erfurt (Campus) Nordhäuser Str. 63 99089 Erfurt
In this dark and intriguing episode of Stupiracy, Scott and Tim delve into the gruesome details of the Erfurt Latrine Disaster of 1184. Discover how a meeting of European nobles turned into a horrific tragedy when the floor of a church collapsed, plunging dozens into a cesspit of human waste. Learn about the historical context, the notable victims, and the changes this disaster prompted in medieval sewage systems. This episode uncovers one of the most morbid yet fascinating events in history.
Need help accessing the FCC Public File due to a disability? Please contact Melissa Johnson at publicfilestlouis@hubbardradio.com
This web site is not intended for users located within the European Economic Area.
Please enable JS and disable any ad blocker
You don't have permission to access the page you requested.
What is this page?The website you are visiting is protected.For security reasons this page cannot be displayed.
Many Muslims are shocked and worried: for the first time
the right-wing extremist AfD party has won a state election in Germany
This could endanger the completion of a mosque in Erfurt
Sahra Wagenknecht attacked while about to speak on stage in run-up to Thuringia and Saxony state elections
The leader of a breakaway populist leftwing party in Germany
has been sprayed with pink paint while campaigning in elections in the eastern state of Thuringia
a former high-profile member of the far-left party Die Linke
who this year founded the Sahra Wagenknecht Alliance (BSW)
was attacked on stage on Thursday as she prepared to address crowds in Erfurt
She ducked as a man approached the stage and spattered paint in her direction
Read moreThe man’s motive remained unclear
and he did not react when he was removed from the scene
appeared to shouted “Ukraini” or “Ukrainia” as he stood in front of the stage
Some said he used a medical syringe to spray the paint
which was described by a BSW aide as “very hard to remove”
has said she would seek to end military support for Ukraine and would push for a far tighter immigration policy
She has also campaigned to prevent the planned stationing of US missiles on German soil
The crowd who had gathered to hear Wagenknecht speak chanted “Sahra
Sahra” as she was helped from the stage by aides
dressed in a white shirt and black trousers
was quickly tackled to the ground by security staff
View image in fullscreenBodyguards take away the alleged attacker
Photograph: Martin Schutt/APSwiftly returning to the podium
Wagenknecht said: “It’s apparent that some people don’t want us
Don’t let yourselves be intimidated; we won’t let ourselves be intimidated.”
The crowd reacted with applause and cheers
“We’re going to change this country,” she added
Free newsletterA digest of the morning's main headlines from the Europe edition emailed direct to you every week day
She later wrote on X: “Many thanks for the many concerned queries: I’m doing fine
It’s only the shock that is still in my bones
But don’t worry: we won’t let ourselves be intimidated!”
Wagenknecht
who took numerous members of Die Linke with her when she formed the BSW
has presented her party as a new force that can steer Germany out of myriad crises
including a surge in the cost of living and the rise of the far right
She has pledged to provide higher pensions
a reduction in immigration without excluding refugees
and a reduction in bureaucracy in the workplace
Sceptics have noted that while she is a charismatic figure
Wagenknecht has yet to hold a position of political responsibility in Germany
Although the far right leads in polling before Sunday’s votes
it is not expected to come to power in either Thuringia or Saxony
owing to a pact between the other parties ruling out working with the AfD in government
That decision puts the BSW in a potentially strong position to influence coalition-building
The same applies in the state of Brandenburg
which goes to the polls in three weeks’ time
while ruling out governing with the AfD in a coalition
does not rule out cooperating with the party on issues where their ideas align
the German Table Tennis Championships for Women and Men will be part of a unique and large-scale event: the “German Table Tennis Finals”
this tournament will bring together a wide range of players
making it one of the most significant table tennis events in Germany
this event extends beyond elite-level play
The European Table Tennis Union (ETTU) is the governing body of the sport of table tennis in Europe
and is the only authority recognized for this purpose by the International Table Tennis Federation
The ETTU deals with all matters relating to table tennis at a European level
including the development and promotion of the sport in the territories controlled by its 58 member associations
and the organization of continental table tennis competitions
A recently completed sidewalk project in my community
There has been much celebration around a new sidewalk that has been installed in my community (Charles Town, West Virginia). This 2-block sidewalk segment is a huge accomplishment and I am thankful that it has been constructed. This sidewalk completes the missing link connecting our downtown to our police station and public utility offices
This project was no easy feat to accomplish
and it required a lot of effort from the city to get this project designed
funded and constructed through the state department of transportation
this rural road is transforming into an urban street
This sidewalk project also included additional improvements
such as improved drainage and better-defined edges of the street
There are many places in my city where people want to walk but cannot because the sidewalk is missing
These kinds of projects should be celebrated because my community needs many more of them
we can experience and learn from the results
It is hard to understand the complex details of these types of projects when they’re presented at public meetings or viewed as construction drawings on a website
Even the best designers and top-rated contractors may miss the fine-grain details and unique field conditions of these projects
A post-construction walking audit gives us the opportunity to learn and improve from every project
we can observe user behaviors and measure widths and speeds
This allows us to be critical and ask if the project achieved the intended objectives
this information will help us make adjustments quickly
as well as inform our work on future projects
Strong Towns members conducting a walking audit at the National Gathering 2024
Let’s walk through this completed project and see where it could be improved
The first thing I noticed is the new shoulder — the area between the curb and the white line
The new curbs are farther back and more asphalt has been added to widen the street
The result is approximately 6 feet of additional asphalt that looks like a third lane
Six feet is too narrow for parallel parking and too generous for an unprotected bike lane that would be connected to nothing
This is nothing more than extra pavement that will collect additional stormwater and that the public will have to maintain forever
This extra pavement also optically widens the streets — making it feel much wider to drivers
Drivers will naturally drive at a comfortable speed
This street has a posted speed limit of 25 mph
but most drivers feel comfortable driving much faster
Increasing the actual and perceived width of the street will worsen the problem
The extra pavement optically widens the street and increases the size of intersections
We can observe driver behavior during our audit. I did not conduct a speed study
Speed is such an issue on this street that a speed warning sign was temporarily installed on the very next block
The primary objective of a sidewalk project is to increase the network where people can safely walk
These types of projects are intended to extend an existing sidewalk or fill in a missing link
this project does not include a crosswalk to connect the new sidewalk to an existing sidewalk on the other side of the street
This can be observed through a walking audit because our eyes will lead our feet to this missing crossing
The omission of this crossing may be a construction mistake
Had a walking audit been conducted during the construction process
this mistake could have been corrected immediately
It is also plausible that omitting this crossing was intentional
based on the other design elements of this project
When the priority of a project is the throughput of vehicles
crosswalks are omitted or removed because they could slow the free-flowing movement of vehicles
including accommodations for walkers to safely cross the street
The new sidewalk isn’t connected to existing sidewalks with a crosswalk
My community just made a major investment to improve this street
but important adjustments still need to be made
Some of these adjustments are necessary for ensuring safety
so these recommendations should be immediately deployed and then monitored in case there are any other necessary changes
Other adjustments are longer-term or more applicable to future projects
Here are a few quick responses that my local leaders could implement immediately to achieve the safety objectives of the project
Bollards or delineators could be installed near intersections and driveways for optical narrowing and daylighting
These temporary vertical elements communicate the desired speed of the street to the driver
temporary features also prohibit dangerous driving maneuvers such as passing on the right within the shoulder
Bollards or delineators could also be installed as curb extensions
reducing the overall crossing distance for walkers and alerting drivers to all users of this street
These simple features also inform the driver that they are transitioning from a rural highway into an urban street
A crosswalk could be added to connect the new sidewalk to the existing sidewalks. The crosswalk could be installed quickly with high-visibility paint and signs
The travel lanes could be reduced from 11 feet to 10 feet
This additional lane width could be given to the shoulder
allowing for parallel parking against the sidewalk
thus making all of the pavement productive
Right-sizing these lanes communicates the intended speed of 25 mph for this street
The addition of on-street parking would address an existing need for parking in this neighborhood
These parked cars would also provide a buffer between the sidewalk and moving cars
This natural friction communicates the desired urban street character to drivers and results in slower speeds
Paint and bollards could be quickly deployed to narrow the street and create the missing crosswalk
The walking audit is also an important tool to guide longer-term changes to this street and to inform the design of future projects
Here are a couple of longer-term modifications that could be used at this location or in future projects:
The 6 feet of additional asphalt should be omitted. If the lane widths cannot be right-sized for the desired 25 mph speeds, the curb could be moved to the edge of the travel lane and the extra asphalt could be put to more productive use
the sidewalk could be constructed wider to accommodate a multiuse trail
or a landscape area could be constructed with shade trees to create a buffer between the traffic and the sidewalk
Notes should be added to the city’s street standards to remind roadway designers that the space between curbs should always be used productively — the use of asphalt should be restricted to travel lanes or on-street parking
but they also create a beautiful buffer between cars and the sidewalk that adds value to the surrounding properties
This is an approach taken on another state roadway in our community
The result is a beautiful street that costs a fraction of the conventional approach
Examples of linear rain gardens installed on other state roads in the county
Walking audits provide a feedback loop for projects that can be measured in days
Your observations can be written down in a notepad
This is an approach that can be repeated many times and at scale
The results can convince even the most critical citizens and can be measured through the reduction of crashes in your community
Do you want expert guidance in making your streets safer? Registration for the Accelerator winter session is open now
Attendees will get personalized coaching from Strong Towns experts with insights from the book “Confessions of a Recovering Engineer: Transportation for a Strong Town.”
A maximum of 30 people will be accepted, so sign up now
let’s talk about love — not just for people
What is the next smallest thing you can do to show love for your community and make it stronger
The answer is simple: Participate in public comment at your local city hall
public comment sessions become a platform for airing grievances
Many participants use their time to list complaints
You might recognize these groups — they often organize
the reality is that city officials have become desensitized to these predictable performances
Showing up to express what you don’t like is easy
What’s much harder — and far more impactful — is showing up to share what you love about your community
Engagement and influence on development projects need to occur well before the public hearing
This conversation needs to actually occur before the application has even been submitted
The most powerful thing a strong citizen can do is use their time at the microphone to highlight the things that make their community special. Instead of focusing on opposition and negativity, take a moment to share appreciation for the things you love about your city
"I love the historic character and charm of our downtown."
"I love that our community is full of small and up-and-coming businesses."
"I am grateful for the trails that connect my home to shops or where I work."
"I admire the character and architecture of our community's buildings."
As someone who has stood behind the podium in city hall
I can assure you that these types of heartfelt expressions are rare
Do not be surprised if you notice the room go silent as people absorb your words
When you speak positively about your community
you forge connections with others who share your values
love for a place has a way of bringing people together
Elected and appointed officials remember these moments because they are so uncommon
as city planners and officials recall what their residents appreciate most
If you express love for your walkable main street with small businesses and mixed-use buildings
city officials may reconsider approving a sprawling shopping center on the outskirts of town
or they may oppose the demolition of a downtown building for a parking lot
If you highlight the importance of green spaces and public parks
future development projects may prioritize maintaining these assets
If you emphasize the character and mix of uses of your favorite downtown area
policymakers may encourage zoning changes that allow more of that by right
Over time, this shift in dialogue can reshape the trajectory of your city. It helps decision-makers focus on the quality of place
and ensures that growth aligns with what residents truly value
By sharing your love for your community, you inspire others to do the same. The silent majority — those who cherish their city but have never spoken up — will find confidence in your example. Civic discourse doesn’t have to be dominated by negativity. It can be constructive, uplifting and forward-thinking
This small act takes only a few minutes of your time
encouraging more people to engage in meaningful
solution-oriented discussions about their city’s future
instead of just sending love notes to people
take the microphone and say something positive
Find one thing you love about your community and tell the decision-makers why it matters to you
more resilient communities — one love-filled public comment at a time
Learn how to make a public comment in the Spring Local-Motive Session on April 3: “How To Give Great Public Comments and Build Safe Streets.” Reserve your ticket today
Third concert as part of the Louis Armstrong Year 2025
the Language Centre of the University of Erfurt
Thüringer Schlosskonzerte and the memorial in Andreasstraße
The series is part of the Studium Fundamentale course "When Louis Armstrong played in Erfurt" by Christopher Forlini
Louis Armstrong played a legendary concert in Erfurt
his appearance in the GDR was the subject of great media and political interest
The SED celebrated him as a civil rights activist who fought against racism and oppression with his Music and was therefore the representative of a better America
the American government wanted to use his Music to promote the "American way of life"
Four events in 2025 are intended to show the different ways in which Louis Armstrong's political and musical significance is viewed and to commemorate his performance 60 years ago in Erfurt
the Gary Winters Quartet will play a short history of jazz in the Rathausfestsaal Erfurt
The quartet gives us a musical tour of the development of jazz music from its beginnings in New Orleans to the present day
emphasising the outstanding role played by Louis Armstrong
one of Germany's longest-standing and most renowned traditional jazz bands
will play the legendary concert that Armstrong gave in the Thüringenhalle in 1965 at Haus Dacheröden
The Ramblers were founded in Dresden in 1955 and are an important musical bridge between tradition and the present
Professor Jack Cooper will give a lecture at the memorial in Andreasstraße on how Louis Armstrong was viewed in the East and West
The multi-award-winning saxophonist Jack Cooper has worked as an instrumentalist
composer and music director with Marc Secara and the Berlin Jazz Orchestra
The legendary trombonist Hermann Anders from the Jazz Optimisten Berlin
who played with Louis Amstrong in East Berlin in 1965
tenor saxophonist Lawrence Clark from New York will perform
He has worked with many great jazz musicians over the course of his career and played in legendary jazz clubs (including the Blue Note
The concert will compare the developments in jazz around 1965 with Armstrong's musical achievements
You are in the News section of the Language Centre
University of Erfurt (Campus) Nordhäuser Str
Alternative for Germany’s Björn Höcke was in a bullish mood at a rally in Thuringia
one of three regions where support is high for the far-right party ahead of elections next month
their mobile phones aloft and set to record
“I’ve got to protect my voice for my first speech as state premier,” Björn Höcke said with a grin
Three eastern German states hold elections next month and
the regions up for grabs are among those with the most supporters of the far-right Alternative für Deutschland
the AfD could wind up the strongest party in all three
a year before the planned date of Germany’s next general election
a catastrophe or a wake-up call for the country
co-heads the state chapter of the AfD in Thuringia
which will vote on 1 September along with Saxony
has been classed as “confirmed rightwing extremist” by the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution
the largely rural state surrounding Berlin
Its AfD chapter is listed as “suspected rightwing extremist”
his scowl covered with the words: “Who votes for this man?”
Höcke has belonged to the AfD since it was launched in 2013 as a Eurosceptic party. He is seen as the driving force of its ever-stronger embrace of radical anti-migrant, anti-Islam sentiment, as he calls into question the foundations of Germany’s democratic order and postwar penance for the Holocaust
It is the performance of his state that will be watched most closely in Germany
which has long prided itself on consensus-oriented politics and having learned the lessons of the Nazi past
when the results trickle in on election night
With Thuringian pork sausages sizzling on the grill and frothy pints flowing in a pop-up biergarten in the state capital
Höcke basked in the bullish mood at his rally
On a small square framed by communist-era housing blocks, about 800 people appeared rapt as he railed against the government in Berlin and the justice authorities who had repeatedly filed charges against him for incitement
mockingly calls the constitutional protection office the “Stasi”
Children with their parents clutched strings of AfD-blue helium balloons while older men in socks and sandals stand for Höcke’s speech with plastic flyswatters bearing the party logo tucked under their arms
A few hundred counter-protesters rhythmically shouted a rhyme from the sidelines behind a police cordon: “Höcke ist/ein Faschist” (Höcke is a fascist)
whose whistles and jeering could be heard above the large sound system
as “filled with self-hatred” and “needing therapy”
Höcke said to applause that leftist NGOs mobilising against the far right hated Germany and hailed action taken by Hungary’s prime minister, Viktor Orbán, to crack down on progressive groups as an effective model
View image in fullscreenSahra Wagenknecht of the BSW campaigns in Eisenach
Photograph: Karina Hessland/ReutersLooking like a tech executive in a smart shirt
Höcke appeared slightly out of step with his largely working-class audience as he compared Germany’s mainstream parties to a cartel with a monopolistic stranglehold on the democratic “market”
But he had supporters in thrall to him when he intoned the key talking point of the movement
that the centre-left-led government in Berlin wants to “do away with you
the German people” and “replace you with a multicultural society”
Höcke’s supporters gathered in Erfurt repeatedly said their top concern was not Germany’s anaemic economic growth or the inflated cost of living but “criminal foreigners” in their midst
“I have nothing against foreigners – my wife is from Indonesia and my daughter’s boyfriend is from Sri Lanka,” said Christof Meiering
“But when foreigners become criminal they have to be deported
“It wasn’t easy in the GDR but we were safe,” said sales clerk Manuela
accompanied by her 14-year-old daughter Lea
She said she was worried about Lea on Erfurt’s streets and at school
“Everyone thinks that the AfD hates foreigners – that’s not true
They can do what they want as long as they integrate
In Germany’s fractured electoral landscape
meaning that leading parties must usually form coalitions to govern
The system was specifically designed in the postwar period to make it difficult for an extremist fringe to gain power
All of the democratic parties have maintained a “firewall” against the AfD
vowing never to join forces with it – a policy that has so far kept the far right out of government at the state and federal level
View image in fullscreenDer Spiegel’s cover shows Donald Trump
Marine Le Pen and Björn Höcke with the headline
a political scientist at the University of Erfurt
said he expected the blockade to hold but that an AfD sweep in the state elections would palpably shift the centre of gravity in German politics on contentious issues including migration
Ukraine and the “green” energy transformation
“Other parties will try to occupy the issues and positions of the AfD to conquer its voters” in the run-up to next September’s general election
The traditional parties have proved incapable of winning back a swath of voters
where they have gone from considering the AfD a protest party to giving its increasingly radical stances their full allegiance in election after election
“The other parties are totally unprepared to address that spread of rightwing extremist political views,” Brodocz said
is polling in the double digits in all three states
Her seven-month-old party has been billed an “alternative to the Alternative” for voters – and potential coalition partners – who see the AfD as too extremist
Its own positions on many pivotal issues are so vague that the national daily Süddeutsche Zeitung called it a “black box” whose contents remained sealed and mysterious
it is possible that the BSW will be an essential component in the ruling coalitions of all three states
In the elections for the European parliament in June it stole voters from across the party spectrum
said she sensed “fear of the AfD wherever you go in the state” and that the BSW was responding to the spread of “hate” by directly addressing the enduring disappointment and alienation of easterners
“The promise [after the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989] was you’ll be better off than before,” she said
they were right.” But she said lasting inequality with the west
a sense that rural regions were “cut off” without access to local doctors
plus demographic shifts taking a bite out of property values
Add to that the soaring cost of energy since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine
and an influx of more than a million Ukrainian refugees into Germany
“This is a war for which Thuringians are not responsible but they are bearing the brunt of it here,” she said
echoing the sentiments of many easterners who question Germany’s role as the top European weapons supplier to Ukraine and wonder how long vast
nuclear-armed Russia can be treated as a pariah
More than half of easterners – 53% – said Germany should “try to build up and strengthen ties with Russia”
54% of voters said they agreed with the statement: “We only seem to be living in a democracy
in reality citizens don’t have a say,” while just 27% in the west shared that view
Bodo Ramelow, of the far-left Linke party
admitted that he was part of the “establishment” as stiff political winds blew against the system
He said he refused to “insult AfD voters as fascists” and was fighting for every vote against the far right
“The 30% [support for the AfD] defines the state but I’m talking about the 70% and it has to grow,” he said
“I’m fighting against the normalisation of fascism
This is the archive of The Observer up until 21/04/2025
The Observer is now owned and operated by Tortoise Media
The City of Gotha will be celebrating its 1250th anniversary in 2025
the Thuringia Day will also take place in the royal seat from 2 to 4 May this year
The Gotha Research Centre and Gotha Research Library of the University of Erfurt will be taking part and opening their doors to visitors
which is based in the former "Landschaftshaus" on the Schloßberg Gotha
is offering two guided tours of the house as a place of remembrance of parliamentarianism in Thuringia
They start on 2 May at 4 pm and on 3 May at 11 am
Visitors can also take the opportunity to view the travelling exhibition “Auf dem Weg zur modernen Demokratie
Die deutschen Freiheitsbewegungen von der Französischen Revolution bis zur Mitte des 19
Jahrhunderts” (On the way to modern democracy
The German Freedom Movements from the French Revolution to the Mid-19th Century) by the “Gesellschaft zur Erforschung der Demokratiegeschichte e
which will be on display there from 23 April to 22 May
The exhibition invites visitors to discover the early days of German democratic history at the historical site: in 1764
the Ducal Chamber made the building permanently available for use by the "Landschaft"
as the “Landstände” were also known
the first state parliament with major civic participation convened here
The exhibition offers insights into the early German freedom movements and shows that fundamental and human rights
separation of powers and the rule of law cannot be taken for granted
The travelling exhibition can be viewed on Wednesdays and Thursdays from 10 a.m. to 12 noon (except 1 May) and by appointment at forschungszentrum.gotha@uni-erfurt.de or by phone: 0361 737 1712
As the highlight of Thuringia Day in Gotha
MDR television will rebroadcast the film “Perthes
Haack and Heidi – From Gotha to the World” by Anna Neuhaus and Amelie Befeldt on Saturday
Produced in 2021 for the MDR series “Der Osten – Entdecke wo du lebst” (The East – Discover where you live)
the film tells the story of the global reach of publishing houses founded in Gotha
cartographers who worked here and books published here
You are in the news section of the Gotha Research Centre
ProfileContact personsScholarships
FacebookBlog Newsletter
TravellingLocation plan
Gotha Research Centre of the University of Erfurt CG3 – Forschungszentrum Gotha
forschungszentrum.gotha@uni-erfurt.de
The primary objective was to determine whether obliteration of the epitympanic area and mastoid cavity during canal wall up (CWU) cholesteatoma surgery reduces the rate of recurrent and residual cholesteatoma compared to not obliterating the same area. The secondary objective was to compare postoperative hearing outcomes between both techniques.
A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary referral center. One-hundred-fourty-three ears were included of patients (≥18y) who underwent a CWU tympanomastoidectomy for cholesteatoma with or without bony obliteration between January 2015 and March 2020 in the University Medical Center Utrecht. The median follow-up was respectively 1.4 (IQR 1.1–2.2) vs. 2.0 years (IQR 1.2–3.1) (p = 0.013).
All patients underwent CWU tympanomastoidectomy for cholesteatoma. For 73 ears bone dust, Bonalive® or a combination was used for obliteration of the mastoid and epitympanic area, the rest of the ears (n = 70) were not obliterated. In accordance with the Dutch protocol, included patients are planned to undergo an MRI scan with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) one, three and five years after surgery to detect recurrent or residual cholesteatoma.
The primary outcome measure was recurrent and residual cholesteatoma as evaluated by MRI-DWI and/or micro-otoscopy and confirmed by micro-otoscopy and/or revision surgery. The secondary outcome measure was the postoperative hearing.
Based on our results, a canal wall up tympanomastoidectomy with bony obliteration is the treatment of choice, since the recurrent and residual disease rate is lower compared to the group without obliteration. The bony obliteration technique does not seem to affect the perceptive or conductive hearing results, as these are similar between both groups.
Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
Volume 11 - 2024 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fsurg.2024.1381481
This article is part of the Research TopicCholesteatoma Surgery: Treatment Outcome and Follow UpView all articles
Objectives: The primary objective was to determine whether obliteration of the epitympanic area and mastoid cavity during canal wall up (CWU) cholesteatoma surgery reduces the rate of recurrent and residual cholesteatoma compared to not obliterating the same area
The secondary objective was to compare postoperative hearing outcomes between both techniques
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary referral center
One-hundred-fourty-three ears were included of patients (≥18y) who underwent a CWU tympanomastoidectomy for cholesteatoma with or without bony obliteration between January 2015 and March 2020 in the University Medical Center Utrecht
The median follow-up was respectively 1.4 (IQR 1.1–2.2) vs
2.0 years (IQR 1.2–3.1) (p = 0.013)
Intervention(s): All patients underwent CWU tympanomastoidectomy for cholesteatoma
Bonalive® or a combination was used for obliteration of the mastoid and epitympanic area
the rest of the ears (n = 70) were not obliterated
included patients are planned to undergo an MRI scan with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) one
three and five years after surgery to detect recurrent or residual cholesteatoma
Main outcome measure(s): The primary outcome measure was recurrent and residual cholesteatoma as evaluated by MRI-DWI and/or micro-otoscopy and confirmed by micro-otoscopy and/or revision surgery
The secondary outcome measure was the postoperative hearing
the group treated with canal wall up tympanomastoidectomy with subsequent bony obliteration (73 ears
51.0%) had significantly lower recurrent (4.1%) and residual (6.8%) cholesteatoma rates than the group without obliteration (70 ears
respectively; p < 0.001)
There was no significant difference between both groups in postoperative bone conduction thresholds (mean difference 2.7 dB
p = 0.221) as well as the mean air-bone gap closure 6 weeks after surgery (2.3 dB in the non-obliteration and 1.5 dB in the obliteration group
a canal wall up tympanomastoidectomy with bony obliteration is the treatment of choice
since the recurrent and residual disease rate is lower compared to the group without obliteration
The bony obliteration technique does not seem to affect the perceptive or conductive hearing results
Since the large range in prevalence cannot be explained only by the surgical approach
there must be numerous other factors that influence the variety
such as experience of the surgeon and patient related factors
Combining the CWU approach with obliteration therefore seems to be a good solution to optimize disease control
It is important to note that during the obliteration of the mastoid and epitympanum
a part of the malleus as well as the incus are removed
Further research must address this aspect in order to be able to draw definitive conclusions
Since CWU cholesteatoma surgery has been commonly performed in our tertiary center for years
with introduction of the BOT as an addition to this approach in 2015
our cohort of patients is very suitable to compare both surgical techniques
The primary aim of this study was to determine whether CWU tympanomastoidectomy with bony obliteration improves disease control of cholesteatoma compared to CWU surgery without obliteration
postoperative hearing outcome was evaluated and compared between the two mentioned techniques
A retrospective cohort study was performed in our tertiary referral center with approval of the medical research ethical committee (MvdL/mb/21/500229)
who underwent primary or revision CWU tympanomastoidectomy
both with or without bony obliteration of the epitympanic area and mastoid cavity for treatment of their cholesteatoma
All surgeries were performed by four surgeons in the University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht between January 2015 and March 2020
Patients were included when evaluated for recurrent and residual disease at least once
by magnetic resonance imaging with diffusion-weighted imaging (MRI-DWI) and by micro-otoscopy
Residual disease consists of epithelium (cholesteatoma matrix) left behind during surgery
suspected on MRI-DWI and confirmed during surgery
Patients aged under 18 at the time of surgery were excluded
as well as cases regarding radical cavities or other surgical techniques than those compared (e.g.
cases in which the surgeon deliberately had left epithelium in the surgical field
As it is the aim of this study to determine whether there is a difference in outcome between the two techniques
All necessary parameters were transmitted from the electronic patient record system to an anonymized file by the datamanager of the UMC Utrecht surgical department
the specific patient file was assessed in detail by the principal investigator
When a variable was not recorded in the electronic patient dossier
it was classified as “missing data”
Hearing was assessed approximately four weeks preoperatively by pure-tone audiometry, as well as six weeks postoperatively. The pure tone average thresholds (PTA) were calculated for air and bone conduction (AC, BC respectively) at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz (21)
Afterwards the air-bone gap was calculated
The Amsterdam Hearing Evaluation Plot (AHEP) was used to visualize the pre- and postoperative bone conduction and box plots were used to visualize the mean air-bone gap closure
a retroauricular incision was applied (cutis and subcutis)
Then an anterior pedicled musculoperiostal flap was elevated and lateralized; a posterior incision in the canal skin was made and the tympanic membrane was inspected
A tympanomeatal flap was created and middle ear work was performed; assessing the ossicular chain
determining whether it was either a recurrent or residual cholesteatoma and cleaning of the middle ear
atticoantrotomy was performed with preservation of the posterior bony canal wall
All of the cholesteatoma was removed respecting the critical landmarks (labyrinth
A combined approach technique was used to ascertain the surgeon that all pathology was removed (when necessary including a posterior tympanotomy
For bony obliteration a bone chip and cortical bone dust was harvested from the mastoid cortex using a drill with 10.000–20.000 revolutions per minute
Both the bone chip and bone dust were preserved in povidon iodine 10% aqueous solution
These were used to close off the epitympanic space from the middle ear and to fill up the epitympanic space and mastoid at the final stage of the procedure
Baxter) was applied to keep the reconstruction in place
In some cases bioactive glass granules (Bonalive®) were used instead of or in addition to the bone dust
At our tertiary center we started implemented the obliteration technique alongside the traditional technique in 2015
All surgeons participating in this study utilized both techniques
The reconstruction of the tympanic membrane was performed using autologous material (temporalis fascia
perichondrium) and the ossicular chain reconstruction was performed using allogenous material (titanium ossicular reconstruction
KurzMedical®) or by means of a type III tympanoplasty
We refer to a type III tympanoplasty when a tympanic membrane graft was placed directly onto the stapes head
skin closure was performed in three layers
the meatus was dressed with gauze soaked in antibiotic ointment (for 7–10 days) and a pressure head bandage was applied for 24 h
Patients of the obliteration group received 625 mg Augmentin 3 times a day for 5 days postoperatively
Statistical analysis was performed using the software platform “Statistical Package for the Social Sciences” 29.0.1 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Baseline characteristics per group were described with means and standard deviations or medians and interquartile ranges in Table 1 depending on normality
To compare the difference in recurrent and residual disease between both surgical groups and between all STAMCO stages
the Mann-Whitney U test was performed to compare the audiological data and the follow-up time between the two groups
The same test was used to assess the difference in air-bone gap closure between all STAMCO stages
Descriptive statistics using frequencies and means were used to summarize the remaining research data
A significant result was defined as a p-value <0.05
Patient characteristics per surgical technique
The median duration of surgery was 151 min (IQR 128–186; non-obliteration) vs
157 min (IQR 131–187; obliteration)
There were 6 out of 70 ears (non-obliteration) and 7 out of 73 (obliteration group) ears with a labyrinthine fistula
The ossicular chain was intact in 8 cases of the non-obliteration group and in 1 of the obliteration group
A PORP was placed in 27 and 24 cases respectively and a TORP in 14 cases in both groups
The rest of the cases either already had a prothesis in situ
no reconstruction was performed or a tympanoplasty type III was performed
One patient in the non-obliteration group (1.4%) and two in the obliteration group (2.7%) developed a post-operative wound infection and were treated with antibiotics
One patient in the obliteration group was admitted due to a post-operative headache which developed one day after surgery
This patient had a large cholesteatoma which expanded to the labyrinth as well as chronic otitis media which was already being treated with oral antibiotics
This was switched to intravenous antibiotics and the headache resolved after a few days
the difference had increased with a rate of 0.61 and 0.90
After three years the rates were 0.54 and 0.89
Disease control rate by surgical technique: non-obliteration versus obliteration group
Striped open line represents the group without obliteration; black line represents the group with obliteration
on the y-axis the disease control rate (a disease control rate of 1 represents 0% recurrent or residual cholesteatoma cases)
n = 138: individual cases of preoperative bone conduction pure tone average against 6 weeks postoperative bone conduction pure tone average
The postoperative BC PTA is plotted against the preoperative BC PTA
Dots below the lower dotted diagonal line represent cases where the BC PTA improved more than 10 dB
Dots above the upper diagonal line represent ears with a decrease in the postoperative BC PTA threshold more than 10 dB
When a dot is located between the two diagonal lines
BC PTA did not change over more than 10 dB
The open circles represent cases of the non-obliteration group; the filled squares represent cases of the obliteration group
Triangles represent cases with postoperative functional deafness
Mean air-bone gap closure in decibels divided by surgical approach: non-obliteration (n = 67) versus obliteration group (n = 71)
The mean air-bone gap closure 6 weeks postoperative in the non-obliteration group was 2.3 dB and 1.5 dB in the obliteration group (mean difference 0.7 dB
Twenty-three out of 70 non-obliterated ears (32.9%) showed diffusion restriction on their first MRI-DWI during follow-up
compared to 14 out of 73 obliterated ears (19.2%)
Four of the 23 turned out to be false-positive: three underwent a revision surgery during which no cholesteatoma was found
in one diffusion restriction disappeared on the second MRI
2 out of 14 cases were false-positive: diffusion restriction disappeared on the second MRI
In 3 out of 23 (non-obliteration) and 5 out of 14 (obliteration) diffusion restriction was doubtful: it did not disappear over the years
these patients did not have any complaints and no additional surgery was necessary
16 out of 70 (22.9%) exhibited no diffusion restriction on the initial MRI after surgery but later showed recidivism
compared to only 1 out of 73 (1.4%) obliterated ears
These cases either showed diffusion restriction on a second MRI or cholesteatoma was seen during micro-otoscopy or during second look surgery
In the non-obliteration group 12/16 cases were recurrent and 4/16 residual cholesteatomas
The one case in the obliteration group was a recurrent cholesteatoma
Study outcomes and characteristics of the bony obliteration technique of four other recent comparable studies
Depending on the year of surgery, some cases had a longer follow-up with additional MRI-DWI(s) and outpatient clinical visits, up to five years. This could be a potential source of bias, which we have tried to address by also representing the data cumulative per year (Figure 1)
In our study each cholesteatoma was staged according to the STAMCO classification to report the data in a uniform way, making it easier to compare outcomes to other reports in the literature (19)
a significant improvement was shown in recidivism free rate when an obliteration was performed
The small numbers in the stage I group might explain why there was no significant difference between the obliteration and non-obliteration group
To obliterate the epitympanic space the head of the malleus and incus need to be removed, necessitating ossicular chain reconstruction and possibly resulting in decreased conductive hearing ability. Surprisingly, the presented results prove otherwise: the postoperative hearing outcomes between both surgical techniques do not differ significantly. Cases with sensorineural hearing loss were evenly distributed over the two groups (Figure 2)
the ABG closure 6 weeks postoperatively did not significantly differ between both groups (mean difference 1.5 dB in the obliteration group and 2.3 in the non-obliteration group
it must be taken into account that our cohort mainly included large cholesteatomas (STAMCO stage II
where the ossicular chain is still functioning and intact
obliterating the epitympanic area could negatively affect the hearing since the ossicular chain then has to be removed
Further studies are necessary to evaluate this
Our main philosophical strategy is the preservation of structure and function where it is possible
Opting for highest odds of minimal disease recurrence (mastoid cavity and epitympanic area obliteration with ossicular chain reconstruction) vs
is a shared decision process made together with the patient
which showed no significant deterioration nor improvement for both techniques
may also be attributed to the fact that the majority of the cases were non-primary and extensive cholesteatomas (STAMCO stage II or III)
many cases had a history of other ear surgeries
leading to the prior removal of parts of the ossicular chain and sclerosis or fibrosis of the middle ear or tympanic membrane
it can be inferred that the condition of the middle ear and the number of prior ear surgeries in the operated ear are likely the most significant predictive factors for hearing recovery
An important limitation of this study was the lack of randomization and its retrospective character
The location and extent of the cholesteatoma as well as the preference of the surgeon may have influenced both the choice for the surgical approach and the risk of recurrent and residual cholesteatoma
the follow-up time of the non-obliteration group was significantly longer compared to the obliteration group
making comparison between groups and drawn conclusions less robust
Some cases showed diffusion restriction on the MRI-DWI one year after surgery
that however disappeared on a second or third MRI-DWI
These false-positive results can only be exposed after an additional MRI-DWI
which may have influenced disease control in favor of the non-obliteration group
the distribution between the STAMCO stages (I
II and III) varies largely within this cohort and it would be valuable to investigate the occurrence of recidivism within a more balanced group
It would therefore be useful to conduct a prospective
to investigate the extent of the cholesteatoma and biology of the middle ear and look at possible correlations between disease
From this retrospective cohort study it is concluded that the bony obliteration technique of the epitympanic area and mastoid cavity after CWU tympanomastoidectomy improves disease control of cholesteatoma compared to no obliteration
there is no significant difference in either technique with regard to the postoperative hearing outcome
To discover recurrent or residual disease another sequential three- and five year MRI-DWI is advocated
Future studies are necessary to correlate recidivism rates and hearing with the extent of the cholesteatoma and biology of the middle ear
The raw data supporting the conclusions of this article will be made available by the authors
The studies involving humans were approved by Ethical committee: NedMec (Utrecht)
Address: Heidelberglaan 100 3584 CX Utrecht
The studies were conducted in accordance with the local legislation and institutional requirements
Written informed consent for participation was not required from the participants or the participants’ legal guardians/next of kin in accordance with the national legislation and institutional requirements
AS: Writing – review & editing
RS: Writing – review & editing
The author(s) declare that no financial support was received for the research
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest
The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers
This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations
Any product that may be evaluated in this article
or claim that may be made by its manufacturer
is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher
The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsurg.2024.1381481/full#supplementary-material
Causes of failure of mastoidectomy for chronic otitis media
PubMed Abstract | Crossref Full Text | Google Scholar
Surgical management of cholesteatoma: the two main options and the third way—atticotomy/limited mastoidectomy
Pediatric cholesteatoma: a retrospective review
PubMed Abstract | Crossref Full Text | Google Scholar
Late results of surgery in different cholesteatoma types
PubMed Abstract | Crossref Full Text | Google Scholar
The disease recurrence rate after the canal wall up or canal wall down technique in adults
Single-stage mastoid obliteration in cholesteatoma surgery and recurrent and residual disease rates: a systematic review
A method of filling the excavated mastoid with a flap from the back of the auricle
Crossref Full Text | Google Scholar
The cholesteatomatous ear one year after surgery with obliteration technique
PubMed Abstract | Google Scholar
Pathogenesis-Oriented Therapeutic Management
Google Scholar
Canal wall reconstruction in cholesteatoma surgeries: rate of residual
Mastoid cavity obliteration leads to a clinically significant improvement in health-related quality of life
Long-term results of troublesome CWD cavity reconstruction by mastoid and epitympanic bony obliteration (CWR-BOT) in adults
Canal reconstruction and mastoid obliteration using floating cartilages and musculoperiosteal flaps
The bony obliteration tympanoplasty in pediatric cholesteatoma: long-term hearing results
Canal wall up surgery with mastoid and epitympanic obliteration in acquired cholesteatoma
Cholesteatoma surgery with the canal wall up technique combined with mastoid obliteration: results from primary surgery in 230 consecutive cases
The evaluation of canal wall up cholesteatoma surgery with the Glasgow Benefit Inventory
Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the temporal bone
Implementation of the “EAONO/JOS definitions and classification of middle ear cholesteatoma”—from STAM to STAMCO
EAONO/JOS joint consensus statements on the definitions
classification and staging of middle ear cholesteatoma
The pure-tone average as a universal metric—knowing your hearing
Crossref Full Text | Google Scholar
Efficacy of evaluation of audiometric results after stapes surgery in otosclerosis
A method for reporting results from individual cases
Treatment outcome of the bony obliteration tympanoplasty versus nonobliterative techniques in cholesteatoma surgery: a retrospective analysis
Cholesteatoma recidivism: comparison of three different surgical techniques
Mastoidectomy for acquired cholesteatoma: follow-up to 20 years
PubMed Abstract | Crossref Full Text | Google Scholar
Follow-up of cholesteatoma surgery: open versus closed tympanoplasty
PubMed Abstract | Crossref Full Text | Google Scholar
Extensive cholesteatoma: long-term results of three surgical techniques
PubMed Abstract | Crossref Full Text | Google Scholar
Canal wall reconstruction tympanomastoidectomy with mastoid obliteration
Surgical technique and recurrence in cholesteatoma: a meta-analysis
Middle ear cholesteatoma: non–echo-planar diffusion-weighted MR imaging versus delayed gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted MR imaging—value in detection
Cost-comparison analysis of diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWMRI) versus second-look surgery for the detection of residual and recurrent cholesteatoma
Recurrence of cholesteatoma—a retrospective study including 1,006 patients for more than 33 years
Stokroos RJ and Thomeer HGXM (2024) Canal-wall up cholesteatoma surgery with mastoid obliteration leads to lower rates of disease recurrence without affecting hearing outcomes
Received: 3 February 2024; Accepted: 18 March 2024;Published: 8 April 2024
© 2024 Erfurt, Westerhout, Straatman, Smit, Stokroos and Thomeer. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY)
distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted
provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited
in accordance with accepted academic practice
distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms
*Correspondence: Chiara Erfurt Yy5lcmZ1cnRAdW1jdXRyZWNodC5ubA==
†These authors have contributed equally to this work and share first authorship
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations
Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher
94% of researchers rate our articles as excellent or goodLearn more about the work of our research integrity team to safeguard the quality of each article we publish
special exhibition organised by the Friedenstein Foundation Gotha in cooperation with the University of Erfurt to mark the 1250th anniversary of the city of Gotha
many ideas and inventions have made their way into politics
Geistesblitze und Dauerbrenner aus 1250 Jahren" (GOTHA GENIUS?
Flashes of inspiration and enduring hits from 1250 years) invites you to travel through the city's history and shows how Gotha's traditions and innovations have shaped Thuringia and the world
The exhibition can be seen from 27 April to 26 October 2025 in the exhibition hall of the Ducal Museum
visitors get to know the city of Gotha: how it was and became what it is today; who shaped it and what makes it special
Instead of a chronological retelling of the 1250-year history
the focus is on thematic complexes in which the history is scrutinised under various aspects – from "Politics"
"Economy and Crafts" to chapters such as "From all over the world to Gotha"
"Associations and Commitment" and "Typical Gotha" or "Festivals and Celebrations"
The exhibition also incorporates the results of the co-operation project "Die kleine Freiheit: Fest
Oral History" between the Friedenstein Foundation Gotha and the University of Erfurt
Based on photographs from the Friedenstein Foundation's collections
students interviewed Gotha citizens and researched the freedoms that festivals bring with them
their views on what freedom means and how they experienced the various political systems can be heard in the exhibition
In a seminar entitled “Die kleine Freiheit: Fest
Erinnerungskultur” (The Little Freedom: Celebration
the students previously scrutinised a photo collection of the Friedenstein Foundation Gotha
which has hardly been tapped into to date and contains a large number of photographs of various celebrations from around 120 years of the city's history
They then analysed these photographs in oral history interviews with the citizens: How were these festivals experienced
of overcoming routines and social constraints
Or were they perceived as a representation of power and control
How was it possible to celebrate between a social occasion and state control
The results are now being presented in the Ducal Museum
Around 180 exhibits can be seen in the special exhibition
Most of the objects come from the collections of the Friedenstein Foundation Gotha
loans and digital copies from other institutions such as the Gotha Research Library of the University of Erfurt
Original contemporary documents such as speeches and audio recordings of the Gotha dialect or a narrative level
which categorises the topics in an emotional and engaging way and establishes historical references
A children's level and other sound and video stations complete the exhibition
An audio guide is available in German and English
The guide is designed as a discovery tour for children
A catalogue will also be published to accompany the exhibition
"GOTHA GENIAL?!" runs until 26 October 2025, admission costs 8 euros (reduced 4 euros). Children and young people up to the age of 12 are admitted free of charge. Further information on the exhibition can be found at www.gotha-genial.de
Opening hoursFind usInformation materialA-Z
About the libraryContact personsPublicationsEvent calendar
NewsletterBlog
University of Erfurt | Gotha Research LibraryCG1 – Gotha Research Library
Friedenstein CastleSchlossplatz 199867 Gotha
bibliothek.gotha@uni-erfurt.de
+49 361 737-5540
The legend of gold and glory continues in Midas Golden Touch 3
The Erfurt Regional Court officially referred cases LG Erfurt 8 O 391/23 and 8 O 515/24 to the ECJ in December
one concerning online gambling and the other sports betting
According to lawyer Stefan C. Grunow, who analysed the referral on the legal platform Anwalt.de
the Erfurt court’s submission goes beyond the BGH’s initial referral by presenting more detailed and wide-ranging legal questions
While the BGH posed only two broad questions
the Erfurt court formulated four key issues
which were further divided into specific sub-points
At the heart of the Erfurt court’s referral are concerns about the inconsistent application of Germany’s gambling regulations at the time
The court seeks clarification on why some forms of online gambling
were permitted while online casino games were prohibited
It also raises concerns about whether the authorities’ apparent tolerance of online gambling
the court questions why identical slot and poker games were allowed in physical casinos but banned online
and how Schleswig-Holstein was able to issue gambling licenses independently while the rest of Germany adhered to a national ban
The Erfurt court also challenges whether sufficient evidence was ever presented to justify the claim that online gambling poses greater risks than physical gambling venues and whether the ban effectively reduced black-market gambling
it questions whether German authorities have the right to impose penalties or deny reimbursement claims if the online gambling ban contradicts EU law
Should the ban be found to violate European regulations
the court inquires whether operators would be exempt from criminal or administrative penalties
and whether civil claims for reimbursement by players would remain valid
the court also seeks clarification on the justification for imposing deposit restrictions on online gambling when physical casinos and betting outlets either have no such limits or operate under significantly different rules
Grunow explained that German law allows lower courts to independently seek guidance from the ECJ if they identify a potential conflict with EU regulations
even if similar questions are already under review
The ECJ is now tasked with addressing an array of legal questions submitted by both the BGH and the Erfurt Regional Court
Although these cases may eventually be heard together
Grunow suggested that a resolution in 2025 is unlikely given the complexity and breadth of the issues involved
Even if the ECJ sides with players in the initial Tipico case referred by the BGH
“the risk that at least some aspects could be decided in favour of the providers by the ECJ must also be kept in mind
“It is currently not possible to reliably estimate how this will affect pending legal proceedings,” Grunow stated
Conference organized by the research centre "Politics of Truth"
23 - 25 October at the IBZ of the University of Erfurt
This workshop aims at analysing how Russia stages itself as an anti-colonial protecting power
is the Putin regime working to restructure the Russian and global past and present
How are new alliances and imagined communities created
especially with countries of the Global South
As an analytical lens we propose methodological approaches such as political epistemology and praxeology
Russia's Politics of Truth and its quest for alliances in the Global South Since 2014
we have been able to observe Russia portraying itself increasingly not just as the only remaining power of the morally good and historically true
In relation to countries of the Global South
Russia has also especially presented itself as an anti-colonial protecting power
This framing is anchored within two broader narratives:
Putin is pushing a specific historical policy
the central reference point of which is the victory of the Soviet Union over Nazi Germany in the so-called Great Patriotic War
This newly structured and enhanced past is turned into an ever-present prism - through iterative references by the state media
but especially events that allow a large portion of the population to directly participate in the commemoration of this past - by which the present can also be seen and interpreted (McGlynn 2023)
At high-profile media events such as the Russia-Africa Summit
the Soviet Union's support of anti-colonial liberation movements has increasingly become part of these historical memory and updating practices
through which the claim of being on the "right side of history" is made
another anchor point lies in so-called "traditional values"
which primarily conceal an ultra-conservative gender policy that is characterised by homophobia
Depictions of gender order can function as 'symbolic border guards' that allow essentialisation and demarcation between communities (Riabova/Riabov 2014)
comparative perspectives can be fruitful for our analysis: For the Polish case it has already been analysed how the ultra-conservative gender policy agenda has appropriated an anticolonial framing
with "gender" being depicted as "Ebola from Brussels" (Korolczuk/Graff 2018)
The "traditional family" in this context becomes a signifier for self-determined
This agenda is also being pushed and exported through the Russian Orthodox Church
not only within Russia but on a global scale
Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine has sparked intensive discussion within the discipline of East European Studies about decolonising the subject
the basic epistemological assumptions of the discipline have been called into question
the concept of a Foucauldian regime of truth was suggested to examine the connections between institutional conditions and social systems of norms and values (see Vulpius 2021)
This could not only help to analyze the consent to war in parts of Russian society
The aim of the workshop is to analyse these Russian Politics of Truth (Kleeberg/Suter 2014) with a special focus on interconnections with the Global South
You don't have permission to access the page you requested
What is this page?The website you are visiting is protected.For security reasons this page cannot be displayed
The World Heritage Centre is at the forefront of the international community’s efforts to protect and preserve
World Heritage partnerships for conservation
Ensuring that World Heritage sites sustain their outstanding universal value is an increasingly challenging mission in today’s complex world
where sites are vulnerable to the effects of uncontrolled urban development
Our Partners Donate
Take advantage of the search to browse through the World Heritage Centre information
Located in the heart of the Old Town of Erfurt in Thuringia
the Jewish-Medieval Heritage of Erfurt comprises the Old Synagogue
which are rare and exceptionally preserved examples of Central European Jewish buildings that illustrate
architectural details and decoration programme
the adaptation to the town’s specific spatial and social conditions and the coexistence of a Jewish community with a predominantly Christian society
during the urban development of Erfurt at the crossroads of important commercial routes in Central Europe in the Middle Ages
The property sheds light on the heyday of a Jewish community engaged with trade and exchanges in Central Europe during the Middle Ages
between the late 11th and mid-14th centuries CE
the Mikveh and the Stone House of Erfurt are an early and rare testimony to Jewish religious and secular architecture from the Middle Ages in Central Europe
The buildings illustrate the conformity with vernacular architecture and adaptation to local conditions and thus reflect the coexistence with a predominantly Christian society and the heyday of Jewish life in Central Europe’s medieval Erfurt until the wave of pogroms of the mid-14th century
The property includes all attributes necessary to express its Outstanding Universal Value
includes visual connections and attributes that are functionally important as a support to the property and its protection
The integration of the buildings of the Jewish community into the medieval city is impressively perceivable to this day
They reflect how Jews and Christians lived together in the midst of coexistence
persecution and expulsion in a medieval city in Europe
The three component parts are of adequate size
so the protection of the characteristics and processes
which communicate the Outstanding Universal Value of the property
The Jewish-Medieval Heritage of Erfurt is not threatened by any adverse developments or neglect
The form and materials of the Old Synagogue
the Mikveh and the Stone House are largely preserved
Evidence of their construction and use by the Jewish community and Jewish citizens of the city and their conformity with local building traditions and techniques is provided by the preserved original medieval building fabric
The exceptionally well-preserved building fabric of the Old Synagogue mostly dates to the period from around 1100 to the early 14th century
the form of the ground plan and room height
as well as the medieval building fabric (12th-14th centuries)
Its original function as a ritual bath is fully perceivable
The Stone House is largely preserved in its fundamental structural elements from the 13th century and its unique interior design
The traces of a key event of European history
The laws and other regulations of the Federal Republic of Germany and the Free State of Thuringia guarantee the continuous protection of the Jewish-Medieval Heritage of Erfurt
the Mikveh and the Stone House are registered as cultural monuments in the Book of Monuments (Denkmalbuch) of the Free State of Thuringia in accordance with Article 4 of the Protection of Cultural Heritage Act of Thuringia (ThürDSchG)
they are included in the monument ensemble "Old Town of Erfurt"
which is also recorded in the Book of Monuments
All measures in the monument ensemble "Old Town of Erfurt"
in which the three component parts and the buffer zone are located
require permission from the Local Cultural Protection Authority (Untere Denkmalschutzbehörde)
municipal statutes and planning such as the preservation and design statutes and the Urban Development Concept ensure the sustenance of the Outstanding Universal Value of the property and the protective function of the buffer zone
The City of Erfurt is responsible for management as the owner of the property
A management plan has been developed as a binding action and planning instrument and will be periodically updated
backed up by the Steering Group and the Advisory Board
is key to guaranteeing coordination and management effectiveness at the property
interpretation and communication of the property is crucial for long-term sustenance of its Outstanding Universal Value
In this dark and intriguing episode of Stupiracy
Scott and Tim delve into the gruesome details of the Erfurt Latrine Disaster of 1184
Discover how a meeting of European nobles turned into a horrific tragedy when the floor of a church collapsed
plunging dozens into a cesspit of human waste
and the changes this disaster prompted in medieval sewage systems
This episode uncovers one of the most morbid yet fascinating events in history
Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices
See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info
Need help accessing the FCC Public File due to a disability
Please contact Melissa Johnson at publicfilestlouis@hubbardradio.com
This web site is not intended for users located within the European Economic Area
Codices from the famous Bibliotheca Amploniana have been regularly exhibited at the Erfurt City Museum since 2024
CA 4° 78 (digital copy in the Digital Historical Library Erfurt/Gotha)
leaf 3 recto (right-hand page) with an ‘M’ decorated in rich colours can be seen for the next six weeks
You can find out what the ‘M’ stands for and why the precious material parchment (animal skin) was used so lavishly for this manuscript by viewing the original at‘Haus zum Stockfisch’
Johannesstraße 169Tuesday to Sunday 10.00 to 18.00
You are in the news section of the Erfurt University Library
Info material and forms
FAQ Frequently Asked Questions
Library Rules
Monday - Friday: 9 - 22(Service desk 10 - 18)Saturday: 10 - 18Sunday: 13 - 18
Blog "Lesezeichen"YouTube-Channel UB Erfurt
University of Erfurt Erfurt University Library (C16) Nordhäuser Str. 63, 99089 Erfurt 0361 737-5800 (Information) 0361 737-5830 (Lending)information.ub@uni-erfurt.de
Department of Justice sued six of the nation’s largest landlords
accusing them of artificially inflating apartment rents
But the lawsuit reveals an even deeper problem
When a development project dares to break the Suburban Experiment mold
it faces intense scrutiny from both opponents and advocates
these are the very projects we should be studying — and even celebrating
The Finley Street Cottages project in Atlanta
shows how parking mandates can prevent desperately needed development — and how removing those mandates makes housing more attainable and affordable
land was treated as a scarce resource and every inch of it was used with ingenuity
This created productive and charming places that could meet the evolving needs of residents
Here are a few ways we can bring that traditional productivity and adaptable charm to modern cities
One of the most powerful things you can do as a strong citizen is to participate in public comment and share appreciation for the things you love about your city
easy and free step that anyone can take to start improving their place
trained architect and urban designer Edward Erfurt demonstrates how to do so
using a recently completed sidewalk project in his community as an example
a graduate of the Willy Brandt School of Public Policy
was honoured today with the DAAD prize for outstanding international students
The prize is awarded annually by the German Academic Exchange Service and enables the member universities of the DAAD to honour international students for their special commitment
Vice President for International Affairs at the University of Erfurt
The 29-year-old prizewinner comes from Australia and has been studying for a Master of Public Policy at the Willy Brandt School of Public Policy at the University of Erfurt on a Franz Haniel Scholarship since 2022
whose project on the internationalisation of the University of Erfurt she was involved in
and impressed the jury not only with her academic achievements during her studies
Alyssa McIntyre has led the Brandt School's bulletin blog and podcast teams
She has also been an active member of the University of Erfurt's integration programme "Fremde werden Freunde" (strangers become friends) since the beginning of her studies in Erfurt and was also active as a student mentor for first-year students
She helped them to settle in quickly in Erfurt and was their contact person for questions about studying and living in Erfurt
The 29-year-old paid particular attention to the topics of diversity and inclusion
she supported the Special Olympics in Berlin as a volunteer
she also volunteered at the Brussels-based advocacy group Inclusion Europe
where she led a group focusing on the impact of digitalisation on people with intellectual disabilities
Europe's largest festival for the digital society
which brought together experts from business
"Alyssa McIntyre's commitment is an excellent example of international students who have not only found a good balance between their academic achievements and their social commitment
but also work with a great deal of passion on topics that are highly relevant to society and drive them both professionally and academically," says the jury's statement
Also nominated for the DAAD Prize this year were: Chrispen Gumunyu
The opening event of the joint lecture series of the City of Erfurt and the Erfurt universities in the summer semester of 2025 will focus on the role of AI in predicting particularly serious crimes involving the sexual exploitation of children
Cases of sexual exploitation of children are increasing every year
29.3 million reports of suspected sexual exploitation of children were received by protection organisations in the USA alone
up to 35 per cent of girls and 21 per cent of boys experience sexual violence before their 18th birthday
an estimated 750,000 people are seeking contact with children online for sexual purposes
posing a major threat to the 800 million children who actively use social media
The number of users who consume child sexual exploitation material is much higher
especially because the majority of activities take place on the dark web
completely anonymously and hardly traceable
The sheer number of offences and consumers and the obscuring effect of the dark web pose a major challenge for law enforcement authorities worldwide: the limited resources available should be used primarily where particularly serious offences are likely to occur
But how can you filter out those at high risk of sexually exploiting children from the millions of users on the dark web
holder of the Professorship for Quantitative Methods in Psychology at the Health & Medical University Erfurt
will present an EU-funded project in which artificial intelligence was used to determine this risk
Data from many dark web forums was paired with already known scientific findings to develop algorithms to predict the risk of serious criminal offences
The result of the project is a programme that can be used by law enforcement agencies worldwide to identify high-risk offenders
The other dates of the AI lecture series in the summer semester can be found on our event poster (in German only)
Willy Brandt School of Public Policy at the University of Erfurt
Brandt SchoolMaster of Public PolicyFacultyManagement
Social Media Channels / Imprint
The Bulletin BlogThe Bulletin PodcastNewsletter
Contact InfoLocation
Violence – whether physical or psychological – is still part of everyday life for women all over the world
a worldwide campaign is drawing attention to this
the University of Erfurt is also taking part in the campaign and is setting an example with an orange flag at the main entrance
there will be an information stand of the Equal Opportunities Office and the Student Council's anti-discrimination office on campus on Monday
The ‘Orange the World’ campaign
which the University of Erfurt is once again supporting
Have you experienced violence yourself at the University of Erfurt and need advice and support
Then please contact our Equal Opportunity Office