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Please upgrade your browser to improve your experience and security The decision by the United States to authorize sanctions targeting staff at the International Criminal Court (ICC) is “a direct attack to the institution’s judicial independence” Washington announced this month that it would launch an economic and legal offensive against ICC officials investigating alleged war crimes committed by all sides in the conflict in Afghanistan “The implementation of such policies by the US has the sole aim of exerting pressure on an institution whose role is to seek justice against crimes of genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and the crime of aggression”, said Diego García-Sayán UN Special Rapporteur on the independence of judges and lawyers “It’s a further step in pressuring the ICC and coercing its officials in the context of independent and objective investigations and impartial judicial proceedings.” prosecutes the most serious crimes of concern to the international community including cases related to conflict in the Central African Republic Darfur and the Democratic Republic of the Congo It was established in July 1998 under a treaty known as the Rome Statute The ICC’s Appeals Chambers authorized the Afghanistan probe in March Prosecutor Fatou Bensouda called it “an important day for the cause of justice in the situation of Afghanistan and for international criminal justice more broadly.” US President Donald Trump issued an Executive Order on 11 June blocking the financial assets of certain ICC staff and imposing visa restrictions on them and their immediate family members US Attorney-General William Barr said the measures “are an important first step in holding the ICC accountable for exceeding its mandate and violating the sovereignty of the United States.” The president of the body which overseesthe  ICC stating “they undermine our common endeavour to fight impunity and to ensure accountability for mass atrocities.” The UN experts said sanctions targeting international judges and international civil servants violate their privileges and immunities the Executive Order “would result in the violation of the prohibition of punishment for acts that did not constitute criminal offences at the moment of their commission the right to freedom of movement and the right to privacy and family life,” they added They also recalled that the US has warned it would “exact consequences” against the ICC for any “illegitimate” investigations into Israeli practices in the occupied Palestinian territory who are neither UN staff nor paid by the Organization have been in contact with the US authorities on these issues Responding to the decision of the United States Government to sanction International Criminal Court (ICC) officials and their family members President of the Assembly of States Parties undermine the “endeavour to fight impunity and to ensure accountability for mass atrocities” '+n.escapeExpression("function"==typeof(o=null!=(o=r(e,"eyebrowText")||(null!=l?r(l,"eyebrowText"):l))?o:n.hooks.helperMissing)?o.call(null!=l?l:n.nullContext||{},{name:"eyebrowText",hash:{},data:t,loc:{start:{line:28,column:63},end:{line:28,column:78}}}):o)+" \n '+(null!=(o=c(e,"if").call(r,null!=l?c(l,"cta2PreText"):l,{name:"if",hash:{},fn:n.program(32,t,0),inverse:n.noop,data:t,loc:{start:{line:63,column:20},end:{line:63,column:61}}}))?o:"")+"\n"+(null!=(o=(c(e,"ifAll")||l&&c(l,"ifAll")||n.hooks.helperMissing).call(r,null!=l?c(l,"cta2Text"):l,null!=l?c(l,"cta2Link"):l,{name:"ifAll",hash:{},fn:n.program(34,t,0),inverse:n.noop,data:t,loc:{start:{line:64,column:20},end:{line:70,column:30}}}))?o:"")+" We don’t flood you with panic-inducing headlines or race to be first We focus on being useful to you — breaking down the news in ways that inform We rely on readers like you to fund our journalism Will you support our work and become a Vox Member today A scholar of gaming culture on what went wrong with “gamer” culture — and why white nationalists see gamers as potential allies by Zack Beauchamp In 2014, a group of self-described gamers viciously harassed feminist game developers and cultural critics, regularly threatening one of these women’s public appearances This so-called “Gamergate” movement caught the attention of Megan Condis a professor of communication at Texas Tech Condis is both an avid gamer and a professional student of gaming culture and wanted to understand the attitudes fueling Gamergate itself she’s found that the misogyny of Gamergaters is part of a much bigger reactionary tendency among a certain subset of men and boys who play video games an ideologically charged “gamer” identity that centers a stereotyped white male nerd as the “authentic” gamer This kind of gamer reacts angrily to individuals who they think threaten their “safe space,” as Condis cheekily termed it — a kind of attitude that has white supremacists see as signaling openness to their even darker worldview “Recruiters go to where targets are, staging seemingly casual conversations about issues of race and identity in spaces where lots of disaffected, vulnerable adolescent white males tend to hang out,” Condis writes in a March New York Times op-ed “Those who exhibit curiosity about white nationalist talking points or express frustration with the alt-right’s ideological opponents such as feminists anti-racism activists and ‘social justice warriors’ are then escorted through a funnel of increasingly racist rhetoric designed to normalize the presence of white supremacist ideology and paraphernalia through the use of edgy humor and memes.” Despite its significant role in our economy and society, the culture of gaming receives considerably less mainstream media and intellectual scrutiny than film, television, and other more traditional cultural products. That seems like a serious oversight, and I reached out to Condis to provide a little bit more perspective. We delved deeper into what’s wrong with (parts of) gamer culture, how white supremacists recruit there, and what, if anything, can be done to fix it. What follows is a transcript of our conversation, edited for length and clarity. It seems like there’s a particular kind of man who is disproportionately likely to embrace the “gamer” label — someone who is uncomfortable about broader social trends, what I would call social progress. What is it about video games, the overall culture of gaming, that makes people like that gravitate toward those spaces — or is it that the culture of gaming is one that encourages people to think like that? One of the things that is wild about video games is that if you actually look at the demographics, it’s not the case that video games are overwhelmingly white or overwhelmingly male in terms of people who are buying and playing games. But the stereotype is powerful because it’s the image that the cultural imagination kicks out when we say “gamer.” “Well, this is the one space that is reserved for people like me, for people who aren’t the jocks and who aren’t the prom kings and who maybe feel a little bit left behind by the rest of the popular culture,” they think. It’s ironic because comic book movies and science fiction and Star Wars are the popular culture now. We geeks won! We should be celebrating. But instead, it becomes, well, we’re so used to geekiness and fandom and being a gamer as being this niche position that we kind of keep redefining who really counts as a gamer and what really counts as a game. We keep redefining it to make it stay niche. “In white supremacist groups, there are people who have noticed that this discontent that exists among a certain sector of gamers” It’s not everyone who plays video games who feels this way. But there are definitely a subset of people for whom video games are a tool that they use to define their identity, and then when you have that space kind of being pried open and people saying, “Let’s get more different kinds of people in these games, let’s get more different kinds of voices contributing to the culture,” then that starts to become scary. I’ve filled my whole identity around the idea that this is the only place that can accept me. So if now if this place isn’t going to accept me, then where am I going to go? I think that’s where white supremacists or alt-right folks come in and they say, “Well, you have to go deeper. You have to go further into being insular and like ‘this space, we definitely won’t be letting in anyone different.’” It’s as if there’s this divergence between gamer culture and mainstream culture during a certain period of time, at least openly. So there’s this idea that the internet is a place where because it’s not a physical environment, then it is a consequence-free environment and it is an — ironically, I’m going to use the term “safe space” — where you can be a heightened version of yourself. Because it’s not a real-world space where people conduct real-world business, then it is somehow consequence-free. It’s only words or it’s only images on the screen. When it comes to things like social media or like those types of communication where the personas that we’re presenting more or less resemble our real-world persona, it doesn’t really make sense to make a distinction between real and virtual anymore. Of course, the person you are on Facebook or the person you are on Instagram isn’t exactly the same as the person you are in real life — but there’s some resemblance. But videos games and virtual worlds are spaces that have always been marketed to us as the place where you could have an adventure, a place where you could act out some of your more taboo fantasies, whether it may be violent fantasies or sexualized fantasies or even just, like, impossible fantasies — like, I want to be an astronaut or I want to be a dragon slayer. Your work takes this a step further. You’ve noted that far-right political factions and outright white nationalists are actively taking advantage of these dynamics to radicalize young men and recruit them to their cause. “What’s really important about having this discussion is it creates a public awareness that puts pressure on companies” So that’s how I got interested in it, was just sort of seeing an instance of what we have maybe in video game culture come to expect as the normal amounts of trolling that you’re just going to encounter on the internet that no one can do anything about. We saw it kind of explode into this coordinated thing, and then we started seeing, “Oh, well, this coordination maybe is coming some from the culture, and maybe it’s coming some from outside the culture.” They’re not just taking your games away. Maybe they’re taking your country away or they’re taking your right to freedom of expression away. If this population is receptive to that narrative of video games, then maybe they would be receptive to that narrative in a kind of broader political context. It almost seems like there’s two sets of problems. There’s the obvious one of someone going from Stormfront or the Daily Stormer or whatever insert-your-own-alt-right community, and actively trying to recruit people in various different games. That’s one kind of problem. And then there’s the other kind of problem, which is the way this is more subtly conditioning pushing young people — young men, really — in a reactionary direction in a way they wouldn’t otherwise go to. It affects their overall political outlook and makes them less tolerant of diversity, more hostile to programs designed to alleviate historical and structural discrimination and stuff like that. Let’s say Storefront closes down tomorrow and there were no more explicit recruiters in that space. My research is about figuring whether they aren’t needed anymore, that they’ve done enough seeding of these memes so that the community is just reproducing it. Part of what I study is what is it about the environment and the history of the creation of virtual platforms that makes some platforms more okay for this type of rhetoric and less okay for other types of rhetorics. Their ultimate wet dream goal would be to create an environment where they didn’t have to send any recruiters in. Where the background noise was just so full of Nazi imagery and rhetoric that it could become a machine that generates curiosity and that causes people to go seek them out without them having to go into the space and try to find interested people. Do the companies who own these platforms need to do something about this? it doesn’t seem like it’d be feasible to content moderate in-game chats in any meaningful sense, given that so many are between individual players or small groups. Discord is a platform that marketed itself as chat for gamers. They got called out for allowing these neo-Nazis to flourish on your platform, and then they went through and did a purge. But there’s no solution that’s going to be like, “We developed an artificial intelligence algorithm that can detect neo-Nazis and can figure out what their new code words, what’s the new Pepe the Frog going to be, and we’re going to figure that out and that’s going to continually update.” It’s always going to be a process of whack-a-mole; there’s never going to be, like, “We solved white supremacy online!” These are huge studios, akin to Hollywood movie studios. We need to expect more out of the industry and saying your industry makes billions of dollars a year, you have the resources to hire some human moderators or you have the resources to set up a page where people can go if they want to have more information about reporting whatever type of content. We need to treat it like it’s a cultural industry and pay attention to it accordingly. Understand the world with a daily explainer plus the most compelling stories of the day, compiled by news editor Sean Collins. To defend democracy, the courts must rule in favor of a lawmaker who bullied a high school student. Trump’s latest executive order presents a test for Democrats. Don’t blame Joe Rogan too much — one theory says that the roots of this gender gap go back decades. 5 million Americans are facing having their loans sent to collections. Auto workers supported tariffs to protect their jobs. They caused layoffs instead. The most surprising consequence of Trump’s trade war. Greek journalists are holding a 24-hour strike on Tuesday to protest the employers’ refusal to sign collective labor agreements in privately owned media on Wednesday (April 17) and will affect news sites the Greek Federation of Journalists (POESY) the Journalists’ Union of Athens Newspapers (ESIEA) and other press unions said that the employers’ refusal to sin CLAs “has led employees to be paid meager wages which are not sufficient to cover their basic family and personal needs.” They also protested “the continued and ever-increasing pressure on journalism and journalists and ultimately on reliable and free information which is a cornerstone of democratic functioning.” The media strike is taking place ahead of a major general walk-out called by the private sector workers’ union GSEE on Wednesday over rising living costs the lack of CLAs and the protection of income from inflation The April 17 strike will halt most public transport and ferry services Enter your information below to receive our weekly newsletters with the latest insights opinion pieces and current events straight to your inbox Metrics details The male clasper is a slender rod attached to a square basal plate that articulates directly with the pelvis It carries a small cap of dermal bone covered in denticles and small hooks that may be homologous with the much larger dermal component of the ptyctodont clasper Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout Devonian arthrodire embryos and the origin of internal fertilization in vertebrates in Recent Advances in the Origin and Early Radiation of Vertebrates (eds Arratia The braincase and jaws of a Devonian ‘acanthodian’ and modern gnathostome origins in Problems in Vertebrate Evolution (eds Andrews Download references Siverson for access to specimens at the Western Australian Museum are supported by Australian Research Council Discovery grants and field work at Gogo in 2001 was supported by an Australian Geographic grant is supported by the Swedish Research Council found WAM 03.3.28 and supervised the preparation and all authors contributed to the description of the material Subdepartment of Evolutionary Organismal Biology Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology Western Australian Organic and Isotope Geochemistry Centre Download citation Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: a shareable link is not currently available for this article The placoderms are a large group of primitive armoured fishes their enigmatic anatomy could hold clues to the evolution of the jawed vertebrates (gnathostomes) A new fossil discovery has clarified the mechanism of reproduction in Incisoscutum an organism of particular interest as a member of the arthrodires A well preserved fossil of an adult Incisoscutum ritcchiei female was recently found with embryos The new fossil is of a male of the species showing the presence of penis-like pelvic claspers similar to those found in fossil Ptyctodontida (a group of unarmoured placoderms) and in sharks Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science Ook 23andMe heeft (in het Engels) gereageerd op de uitzending van de online te verkrijgen DNA-testen voor consumenten. We legden de testaanbieder de kritische stellingen van de experts over de kwaliteit van de testen voor. Hierna komt eerst telkens de stelling, gevolgd door de reactie van 23andMe hierop. The test only focuses on a very limited number of DNA locations, therefore there's a chance it misses a lot of potential outcomes 23andMe is a broad screen to identify genetic health risks you may be unaware of, especially for people who may not qualify for clinical testing. Our genotyping array tests for more than 650,000 genetic variants of known significance for health and ancestry. We don't market ourselves as a diagnostic test, or a test for people who have a family history of disease or other factors that should instead lead to clinical testing. Underscoring the need for broader screening like 23andMe, a study published in the Journal of American Medical Association on population screening for BRCA1 and BRCA2 risk variants states: 'Notably, 50 procent of families found to harbor BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations had no history of breast or ovarian cancer that would have triggered clinical attention.' We have many documented cases of customers who have identified an unexpected health risk through 23andMe, had clinical confirmatory testing and subsequent interventions prescribed by healthcare providers. As part of the FDA review process, we proved that consumers could accurately understand our health reports. A demographically diverse population study demonstrated a 90 procent or greater user comprehension of the concepts conveyed in our Genetic Health Risk tests, including what a '0 variant' result means. Our tests look for genetic variants associated with certain health conditions, such as Alzheimer's and Celiac disease, and identify whether a customer has one of these variants, and therefore may have an increased risk of developing it. The reports state quite clearly what the testing result is and what it means for health risk.   It is important to note that 23andMe is by no means diagnostic and while having a particular variant can be linked to a higher risk for a condition, it does not necessarily mean you will develop the condition. We also make it clear in our reports, however, that is not only your genetics that can impact this, lifestyle and environment factors also contribute. The test explains about Alzheimer, this is something you cannot get properly tested in this type of commercial DNA test, it requires more specific expertise.  Late-onset Alzheimer's disease is influenced by genetics. The ε4 variant in the APOE gene is the most common genetic variant associated with the disease. This means that people with at least one copy of the ε4 variant have an increased risk of developing late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Each genetic health risk report describes if a person has variants associated with a higher genetic risk of developing a disease but does not describe a person's overall risk of developing it. Again, please note the test is not diagnostic or intended to tell customers anything about their current state of health, and should not be used to make medical decisions. It's always worth being aware of other lifestyle and environmental factors that could contribute to certain conditions.   About Alzheimer: it is also morally questionable if you should tell consumers this without the proper post follow up care in a professional setting. We would always encourage individuals to fully read about our product offering before going ahead with their own test. At 23andMe, we value trust and transparency and our customers do have to make several informed decisions before ever seeing a risk result like late-onset Alzheimer's, discovering new DNA relatives or having their own data visible to other customers. For the health reports customers must 'opt in' to see their genetic risk reports, and the same goes when using the ancestry kits – customers can choose whether or not they want to see their DNA relatives. We are also very transparent with the information presented to customers when they are making these choices. Customers must undergo a second opt-in for sensitive reports, like our Late-onset Alzheimer's report. They will also need to complete an education module for those reports, which clearly outlines the information they may learn. For the Late-onset Alzheimer's report specifically, there is a video explainer from Dr. Richard Isaacson, a neurologist specializing in Alzheimer's disease treatment and prevention. For anyone who does go through the opt-in process and would like further information, we would always recommend getting in touch with our customer care team. We also have a customer care section on our website, readily available to both customers and non-customers, which does share more information about understanding reports and what to do if they are concerned about a particular result. Overall the test is not very reliable and potentially misleading for consumers.   23andMe's 100+ personalized reports on health, wellness, traits and ancestry are highly accurate and are backed by science. Our health-related reports for genetic health risks and carrier status meet the criteria for being scientifically and clinically valid. We proved through the FDA review process our ability to accurately call, or find, these variants with 99.5 procent accuracy in concordance to Sanger sequencing, the gold standard for accuracy. We use a method called genotyping, a well-established and reliable way to analyse DNA – and our team of scientists and medical experts use robust processes to develop reports and ensure validity. Further to this, for our health tests we were required to conduct user comprehension testing, and are held to a standard of greater than 90 percent consumer comprehension of the genetic concepts in the reports we are providing. Ontvang het laatste nieuws rechtstreeks in je inbox. Schrijf je vandaag nog in voor onze nieuwsbrief en blijf altijd op de hoogte! Jouw suggestie, onze brandstof! Deel je ideeën voor nieuwe consumenten onderwerpen op televisie, socials en de site van Radar. Heb jij een tip of een probleem? Voeg Radar toe aan de contacten op je telefoon en stuur ons een bericht. Deel jouw ervaring! Sluit je aan bij ons panel en maak het verschil! Discussieer mee op ons forum! Meld je vandaag nog aan en deel je inzichten met andere leden. Radar uitzendingRadar is het platform met de kritische kijk op consumentenzaken. Het televisieprogramma is elke maandag om 20:25 uur live te zien bij AVROTROS op NPO 2. De presentatie is in handen van Antoinette Hertsenberg en Fons Hendriks. maar op de Volleyproms gaan ze wel met de prijzen lopen Seppe Rotty mag zichzelf de Speler van het Jaar noemen Frank Depestele schopte het tot Coach van het Jaar Bij de vrouwen gingen de prijzen naar Marlies Janssens (Gent) en coach Fien Callens (Oudegem) Roeselare telde verschillende kandidaat-winnaars maar de kersverse landskampioen moest de Volleyproms zonder prijzen verlaten In de categorie Speler van het Jaar legden Stijn D'Hulst en Mathijs Desmet het af tegen hoekspeler Seppe Rotty van vicekampioen Menen Detail: volgend seizoen speelt het 21-jarige talent voor.. Rotty kreeg ook de trofee Rookie van het Jaar Dit seizoen schitterde Rotty nog onder Frank Depestele De voormalige international kreeg net als vorig jaar op de Volleyproms de titel Coach van het Jaar uitgereikt.  Met moedig volleybal loodste Depestele een Menen in nood naar de eerste finaleplaats in de geschiedenis van de club Op de Volleyproms klopte hij zijn collega's Jan Van Huffel (Gent) en Steven Vanmedegael (Roeselare) Bij de vrouwen bekroonde Yellow Tiger Marlies Janssens haar topseizoen Onder haar impuls verloor Gent geen enkele match in de reguliere competitie In de finale zette het de kers op de taart met winst tegen Genk Fien Callens kreeg de prijs Coach van het Jaar Zij loodste Oudegem naar Europees volleybal