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Women in Solar Europe (WiSEu) gives voice to Frank Niendorf
He says that assumptions about women’s capabilities or work-life balance can unfairly impact their career progression
men who value diversity and inclusion can also find themselves outside traditional leadership expectations,” he states
challenges remain for women in the solar sector: limited female representation in technical roles
and gender biases in recruitment and leadership development continue to hold the industry back
The historically male-dominated culture often struggles to fully embrace diverse voices
and there remains an urgent need for family-friendly policies that better support work-life balance
and resources will empower women to reach their full potential
driving not only personal success but the long-term innovation and resilience of the solar industry as a whole
Biases—both conscious and unconscious—continue to subtly shape hiring and promotion decisions
often leading to women being overlooked for leadership despite equal or superior qualifications
Assumptions about women's capabilities or work-life balance can unfairly impact their career progression
men who value diversity and inclusion can also find themselves outside traditional leadership expectations
These industry norms reinforce a narrow image of leadership tied to assertiveness
and emotional restraint—traits historically coded as masculine
Such a mindset sidelines leaders who prioritize collaboration
Redefining leadership to embrace a broader range of styles is essential to creating an inclusive
I recognize how societal expectations around masculinity shaped my early career
I once believed leadership meant having all the answers and projecting unwavering certainty
I learned that true leadership lies in fostering open dialogue
Leadership is about creating spaces where every individual feels empowered to contribute
Adopting a more inclusive leadership approach has enabled me to build stronger teams and a more supportive workplace culture where talent from all backgrounds can thrive
A pivotal moment for me was realizing how both visible and invisible biases were influencing career progression within my teams
I witnessed talented individuals—particularly women and underrepresented groups—being overlooked despite their contributions
This realization strengthened my commitment to embedding diversity
but as everyday practices within our organization
The solar industry is uniquely positioned to lead by example on inclusion
As we accelerate the global transition to renewable energy
Actively promoting inclusion enables us to harness a broader range of ideas
Inclusion is not a side initiative; it is central to innovation
When teams bring diverse perspectives to the table
Inclusive teams spot challenges faster and generate more creative responses
and solutions that meet the real needs of communities
Promoting gender equality strengthens not just our workforce
but the industry’s ability to navigate the complex global energy transition ahead
To young students—especially women—considering a career in solar energy: this industry is dynamic
Your perspective is critical to shaping the future of renewable energy
We must continue to build strong mentorship networks
and elevate women role models to inspire the next generation
The future of energy—and the future of our planet—depends on diverse talents like yours stepping forward
Frank Niendorf is the Vice President Europe at JinkoSolar
He originally came from the field of financial services and consulting
where he worked before joining the PV industry in the field of strategic planning and international business development
He has held several leading positions in the field of market and project management
as well as general management and EU sales
His in-depth EU market knowledge and his mindset for innovation make him a valued expert in the PV industry
Interested in joining other women industry leaders and experts at Women in Solar Europe? Find out more: www.wiseu.network
The views and opinions expressed in this article are the author’s own
and do not necessarily reflect those held by pv magazine
Please be mindful of our community standards
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and Kelley Blue separated and Kelley Hoyle then came into the family as a surrogate stepmother.
married Amber Jones and from this union came Hailey Niendorf
Cody and Amber were later divorced in 2007
Cody then met soul mate and partner in crime
Melissa Bierma O’Connor and her two children Jayden and Alexander O’Connor
They have been together for 15 years with many ups and downs
as well as struggles with various addictions
and Melissa decided that they loved the children enough to have Aunt Misty and Uncle Ben raise and adopt them as their own
As to not have them live the life of struggles they did.
Cody worked hard trying to prove he was a good person by helping others
He was very smart and talented in figuring out how to fix or jerry-rigging anything
however logging was his favorite job he ever had
Mowing lawns and cutting down extra large trees was another great talent
He was working with Keith Walker as his mentor and friend while trying to learn better social skills.
Cody is survived by wife and partner in life
Destiny Jones and a soon to be grandbaby; father
Cody Niendorf Sr.; stepmothers; Kelley Blue and Kelley Hoyle; sister; Ashley; stepbrothers; Colter (Shauna)
and Shelley; uncle; Richard; mother-in-law
Rose Checkits and Eileen Seavers; grandfather
What’s it like to maintain a golf course in the middle of the desert? Greg Niendorf, superintendent at Shadow Creek in Las Vegas
“There are challenges no matter where you’re at in the world
but the extremes we deal with out here are unlike any other,” he says
poor water quality and we’re maintaining cool-season greens in temperatures that can reach 117 (degrees F) at times.”
Shadow Creek’s bentgrass greens add to the challenges that face Niendorf and his crew
the grass is surprisingly resilient and delivers championship-level conditions in the scorching Nevada summers
“It’s a course in the desert Southwest that resembles a course in North Carolina,” he says
“I think if a superintendent watching the tournament on TV is going to notice something
it’s going to be the beauty of the course and the detail work that goes into maintaining it on a daily basis.”
water management separates Shadow Creek from other clubs in the area
“We keep greens on the drier side and also keep them cool,” he says
“We have fans that we put on greens like courses do back east
It’s just really about tweaking your turf health program a little bit in certain areas that can make a difference in this region of the country.”
A native of Michigan who spent the early parts of his career on the East Coast with stops in Philadelphia and Pittsburgh
Niendorf credits that experience to his success at Shadow Creek
“The biggest thing that has helped the transition was the watering techniques that I learned from other high-end clubs I worked at,” he says
“Not a lot has changed between the watering practices I learned back there and what we do here.”
Shadow Creek Superintendent Greg Niendorf credits his East-Coast upbringing in the industry for his smooth transition to maintaining bentgrass in the Nevada desert
Niendorf didn’t have much experience in the deserts of Nevada before he stepped into a role at Shadow Creek
Before he joined the MGM Resorts International-owned course in 2008 as assistant superintendent
Niendorf’s time at Shadow Creek began during a Fazio renovation
He says starting in the middle of a large renovation was a blessing
as it helped familiarize him with the course ahead of his eventual return as superintendent in 2018
Niendorf calls his return to Shadow Creek both fulfilling and beneficial to everyone involved
thanks to his previous experience as an assistant
“No matter how much you agree or get along with the superintendent that you’re working for as an assistant
there are always going to be things you think might work better,” he says
it’s exciting to implement those ideas and see how they work.”
Blistering temperatures alongside poor water and soil quality are just a handful of challenges that Shadow Creek presents to Superintendent Greg Niendorf and his crew
Tournament week is the light at the end of the tunnel
He calls the lead-up to it exhausting for everyone on staff
with crew members beaming at the thought of seeing the fruits of their labor highlighted on television
The influx of volunteers to help during tournament week is also a welcome sight
but we also bring in outside volunteers from other golf courses in the area to help,” he says
and they get wide-eyed with smiles on their faces because they realize that they’re getting some help in here when we need it.”
While it’s nice to have the helping hands of volunteers
Niendorf says the networking and opportunities for his staff and him to learn are equally as important
“We get to network with other people in town
assistants and other staff members,” he says
“It’s also fun for us because we get to showcase the course and show off a bit.”
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By Luke Barras-hill | Tuesday
Smartseller offers business lounge catering
Heinemann and Casualfood joint venture which combines retail
F&B and convenience assortments at small and medium-sized airports
TRBusiness spoke recently to Karl Niendorf
about the launch of two new concepts this year and what it means for the growing business
Smartseller was founded in 2020 as a joint venture between Gebr
which develops and operates food concepts such as snack carts
convenience units and fast casual bars and restaurants for the transport catering industry under its ‘The Taste of Travelling’ slogan
Smartseller opened its first integrated duty free
F&B and convenience space at Ljubljana Airport in Slovenia in 2021 under the ‘All Yours’ brand fascia
taking over the Heinemann Duty Free & Travel Value and Casualfood operations in close partnership with operator Fraport Slovenija
The approach encourages travellers to move seamlessly between four so-called ‘needs-oriented zones’ to discover products and services in an open environment
a departure from the more formulaic category-led experience
While Smartseller was already running integrated solutions at smaller scale at regional airports at the time in Germany at Münster Osnabrück and Leipzig
these were not being marketed under the customer facing ‘All Yours’ branding
Fast forward to May 2023 and Smartseller extended the ‘All Yours’ branding to a redesigned and combined 600sq m duty free
food service and convenience space situated post-security at Münster Osnabrück Airport
A matter of months later in October and passengers at Albrecht Dürer Airport Nürnberg in Nuremberg were treated to the same concept
this time over an expanded area of 1,200sq m
This plays on the strong regional connection to Nuremberg and the region of Franconia
our goal has been to serve as the ‘all-around service provider’ for small and medium-sized airports,” Karl Niendorf
Niendorf says he is encouraged by the company’s performance to date in 2024
which has heralded two new exciting developments: The unveiling of the ‘Little’ concept and rebranding of the ‘All Yours’ fascia to ‘You Are Here’
Beginning with the ‘Little’ retail concept
this has been implemented for the first time at Ljubljana Airport
The aptly named ‘Little Slovenia’ plays on Smartseller’s familiar approach of combining duty free
convenience and books and press areas but applying it to smaller footprints of 50-200sq m
this allows airports to quickly and efficiently integrate the concept within existing terminal infrastructure
Local touches are allowed to flourish and the hybrid design approach is positioned to appeal to a cross-section of passengers – from business
‘Little Slovenia’ is situated in the waiting lounge of the non-Schengen area and presents F&B services
a duty free assortment and local souvenirs
the bar provides a spacious seating area for travellers to relax prior to boarding
The ‘Little’ concept responds to the at-gate opportunity to tap spending from passengers
“The ‘Little’ concept is ideal for secondary positions within our airports due to its limited size – therefore
non-Schengen sections and landside locations are our focus,” added Niendorf
it also allows us to expand our airport portfolio at the entry level where a ‘You Are Here’ shop would be too large and costly.”
View the full article in the TRBusiness August/September edition by clicking here…
TRBusiness Magazine is free to access. Read the latest issue now
or will high-field scanners continue to have an important role to play in clinical imaging
at the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM)
He remains an enthusiastic supporter of ultrahigh-field MRI
Niendorf is professor for experimental ultrahigh-field MRI at the Charité in Berlin and head of the Berlin Ultra High Field facility at Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine
His group's research concentrates on the development of MR methodology and MR technology with a focus on new ways of mapping and probing morphology
The Berlin team also analyzes the benefits and challenges of ultrahigh-field imaging to advance cardiovascular
Click on the video below to hear his thoughts
TORONTO - AuntMinnie.com spoke with Thoralf Niendorf
at the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM) annual meeting about ultrahigh-field MRI as well as new research he is leading in the field
Niendorf heads the Berlin Ultra High Field facility at Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in Germany
He also spoke about his time in Toronto as well as his windsurfing hobby
JinkoSolar has begun converting its production to n-type tunnel oxide passivated contact (TOPCon) products to stay competitive
the company’s general manager for Europe
He predicts that several market players in the value chain will exit the market soon
from pv magazine Germany
The installation market for private PV rooftop systems in Germany is currently undergoing consolidation
with a global market shakeout driven by looming overcapacity
said this shakeout will affect the solar industry
and could cause shifts among large Chinese photovoltaic manufacturers
“The consolidation will probably not spare manufacturers from the second tier and will also lead to shifts among the very large photovoltaic manufacturers from China,” Niendorf said in a recent interview with pv magazine
The industry is competing for sales markets
with module prices in some segments falling below manufacturing costs
This price pressure is reflected in the financial reports of module manufacturers
the last major Chinese photovoltaic manufacturer still listed on the Nasdaq stock exchange
recently reported positive quarterly results for the first quarter of 2024
JinkoSolar's balance sheet reveals that sales of solar modules
and wafers increased by more than 50% to nearly 22 GW
although turnover was 1.2% lower year on year
The company still managed to post a net profit of $84.4 million
This performance positions JinkoSolar better than many of its domestic competitors
who are no longer listed on the Nasdaq and publish their financial forecasts on Chinese stock exchanges
Recent figures from other large PV manufacturers indicate heavy losses
Longi Solar expects a net loss of at least $660.2 million for the first half of this year – a significant downturn from last year's profits due to falling prices and inventory writedowns
JA Solar anticipates a loss of up to $166 million in the first half of the year
attributing this to increased competition and continuous price drops
Many medium-sized and smaller PV manufacturers in China currently face intense competitive pressure
Niendorf said that companies with less than 100 GW of vertically integrated PV capacity have little chance of surviving in the market
He noted that global production capacity is around 1.3 TW
while demand is only about 500 GW to 600 GW
He said he did not expect the market to match production capacities in the short term
especially as many manufacturers continue to expand
He predicted that “consolidation will come.”
Niendorf also noted that JinkoSolar's management has long recognized the shift from passivated emitter and rear contact (PERC) to TOPCon technology
The company has largely completed the transition to n-type TOPCon products
sparing it the burden of converting production lines in the current market situation
JinkoSolar expected to sell 100 GW to 110 GW of products this year – mainly solar modules
Nearly 90% of these sales are projected to be n-type solar modules
JinkoSolar aims to have production capacities of 120 GW for wafers
The company also targeted an efficiency of 26.5% for its n-type solar cells in mass production
JinkoSolar is pushing forward with PV technology development despite challenging times
The company has identified energy storage as a key opportunity
it introduced a home storage system at Intersolar Europe
it expanded its offerings to include storage solutions for commercial and large-scale systems
“Storage is now the new big thing,” said Niendorf
He expects the storage business to have the potential to become as big as the module business in the long term
it is set to become another important pillar
More articles from Sandra Enkhardt
Leading ‘Solar Module Super League’ (SMSL) member
JinkoSolar has set its sights on PV module shipments globally in 2019
which would be a new industry record for a module manufacturer after setting a new shipment benchmark of 11.4GW in 2018
which is expected to account for over 80% of total shipments in 2019
is a greater focus on increasing its capacity and production ratios to high-efficiency products
led by new product introductions such as the Cheetah (bigger wafer dimension) and Swan (bifacial) module series.
PV Tech had the chance to sit down at the end of the week with JinkoSolar’s General Manager Europe
Frank Niendorf to discuss a number of topics that spanned market to technology trends in the European market.
It has been a busy week at Intersolar 2019
JinkoSolar: The show has been very busy but not surprising when you can plot the upsurge in interest for solar in Europe from the moment in time when the minimum [import] price (MIP) fell in the beginning of September [2018]
From that point in time the [European] market started to take off
The MIP era was in some ways very frustrating as somehow the market felt artificial
with little proper demand or supply relations
The competition was not comparing apples with apples and there were companies trying ways around the MIP
This meant the market was very challenging and kept [panel] prices artificially high
once the minimum price fell – the global market price kicked-in – meaning 25 percent below the MIP and that automatically triggered parity.
yet I was actually surprised how quickly that happened
like big investment funds and developers all allocating investment funds again in to parity projects
not just countries such as Spain but also Italy and Germany for example
These funds were being reallocated back to Europe after around five years of being allocated elsewhere.
very few cared about subsidies or feed-in tariffs etc
The limiting factor all of a sudden changed and became things like grid integration and capacity
It was really eye-opening to see all of sudden that parity was there and that changed things considerably.
This has also meant greater interest from European utilities
but more conservative utilities that are meanwhile working on projects in the 200MW range
There is also growing a big interest from big corporates since the fall of the MIP
which are quickly become key players in the PPA (Power Purchase Agreement) market and is therefore driving the market as well.
I would have to do some new calculations as to which European markets are expected to be over one gigawatt but definitely these include Spain
I am pretty confident of the next few years that we will observe annual installation volumes of around twenty gigawatts per-year in Europe.
which has definitely been disappointing as there had been hopes over the last three years that the Polish market would pick-up
Hungary is also far behind the ambitions and targets that they had set
specifically in the residential market and partially in the commercial rooftop segment
there are utility-scale projects in the planning stages for instance in places like Denmark.
The auction system has been relatively successful with the overall system cost reductions and improved LCOE
The main concern in Germany is the overall threat of the 50 gigawatt cap on installs
which the government has yet to decide to remove and would be reached in only the next few quarters.
France could also easily be a multi-gigawatt market
but the domestic carbon footprint requirements help to keep prices higher than the global market prices
Ambitious plans by EDF and Total for example
show the potential but its being held back.
What is your take on the rapid transition to high-efficiency mono and larger wafer sizes
Technology is evolving fast and this is also providing catalysts for growth
notably in lower irradiance markets as the new technology helps close the gap with high-irradiance markets.
Here at Intersolar it has been eye-opening…if you look back four or five years ago there was still this standard module in 60 and 72-cell configuration
a small niche of monocrystalline and not much else
while poly represented the commodity market
It is amazing to see the changes since then.
In the next twelve months the industry would have reached the 500 watt peak level
Don’t ask me which technology but there is obviously a lot of developments in the pipeline right now
One of the mega trends we see is the shift from poly to mono
Poly will not come back anymore in my opinion.
replaced by PERC (Passivated Emitter Rear Cell) technology
We see this trend of half –cut cells quickly becoming a mature technology and a new market standard
With the cell technology changes we are also facing a new wave of wafer size migration but not a single new standard dimensionally
What is JinkoSolar’s strategy on wafer size migration
There has been a lot of internal discussions and we closely involved some of our global EPC partners and talked in detail with them about larger wafer sizes and the impact this could have on module sizes
a key question asked of our partners related to what was the ideal module size for use in PV power plant projects.
We had closely analysed different alternative wafer size dimensions like 161mm [161.75mm x 161.75mm] diameter size and the 166mm [166mm x 166mm] size
but the feedback from many EPC’s was that they had concerns about changing the market standard towards significantly larger module sizes
which would have an impact on their project designs and BOS costs
This led us to maximise the wafer size without changing the module dimensions significantly
which meant we chose the 158mm wafer [158.75mm x 158.75mm] in order not to make the life of the EPC partner too difficult
That turned out to be a huge success because with only a small module dimension increase this set a new market standard in mono over last 12 months and was followed by many of our direct peers
At the show we have seen some peers trying to launch some 161mm or 166mm wafer size new mono PERC modules
We would be flexible to produce such bigger dimensions
because setting new market standards always comes at a certain risk as you have to gain market acceptance by educating the market
With so much differentiation happening it is becoming very complicated now for our clients to compare “Apples with Apples” in the market as just looking at the power output without looking at wafer size
efficiencies and module dimensions is simply not enough
I see the trend rather to compare products on an LCOE and IRR basis than on a pure power output basis.
bifacial modules were centre stage at Intersolar but will bifacial become the next high-performance mainstream product in Europe?
what is also starting here at Intersolar is the move to bifacial modules
This is the next big new thing and you see them everywhere and personally I believe this will become a new market standard in the next two to three years in the project business in Europe.
There is a mixed take on the use of glass/glass bifacial modules due to weight penalty and logistical expense
the emergence of a transparent backsheet is potentially the game changer for bifacial modules as it can be used like any other module with all the advantages of bifacial without the downside of the glass/glass
This is what is giving me the confidence in bifacial transparent backsheet modules becoming the standard
much sooner than originally expected as for example it was questionable whether we would see a lot of glass/glass bifacial modules on commercial rooftops but now you can apply it like any other module.
There is also a possible trend of PV manufacturers only producing bifacial cells in the future and with the use of different backsheets the module becomes a mono facial or bifacial
In essence therefore every module would carry bifacial cells
The use of high quality transparent backsheets like the 'Tedlar' – based from DuPont even allows us to offer product warranties up to 30-years for our new bifacial 'Swan' product series.
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MANTECA – The intense rivalry of the early 2000s between intracity schools Manteca and Sierra has somewhat dimmed over the past decade; this was proven once again Friday night as Manteca thumped the Timberwolves with its third shutout in as many years
The Sac-Joaquin Section’s fifth-ranked team in Division II defeated Sierra (12th in Division IV) 50-0 at Daniel Teicheira Memorial Stadium thanks to five touchdown runs
and a 101-yard interception for a touchdown
Manteca has outscored its rival by a combined total of 183-0 and has scored at least 50 points in five of its past six wins against Sierra
“We’ve built some good momentum over the past two weeks
and we want to keep it going,” Manteca coach Mark Varnum said
but if we do the little things right the scoreboard will take care of itself.”
With three games remaining in the regular season
Manteca (5-2) hosts East Union next Friday before two challenging road games at Central Catholic and Oakdale
The Buffaloes are seeking their 10th section championship
having won two in a row going into this season
More: Week 7: San Joaquin County High school football kickoff times, scores and more
Varnum was shooting the breeze with former coach Eric Reis
who is the all-time winningest coach at Manteca with an even 150 victories
Varnum said he didn’t know how many wins he has at Manteca over his six-year tenure
it will be roughly 2035 when Varnum eclipses Reis
Garrison Reis ran for touchdowns of 8 and 18 yards and threw a 63-yard touchdown pass to teammate Julian Moncada
Coach Reis said he looks forward to Varnum possibly passing his win milestone down the road
“I’d love nothing more for (Varnum) to do that,” Coach Reis said
“I guess it could happen; it would take a while,” Varnum said
Manteca sophomore Jhadis Luckey caught his second and third interceptions of the season against the Timberwolves
one at the 1-yard line and the other a yard deep into the endzone as Sierra was threatening to score
He returned the second one for a 101-yard pick-six
“I thought (an interception) would come sometime during the game because (Sierra) is a passing team,” Luckey said
“We needed a playmaker right there at the goal line
The (receiver) was running a shallow under and we were in man coverage
‘This is a great opportunity to go score for six.’ I felt like it was meant to be.”
Heralded Manteca running back Bryson Davis told me prior to the game he’d see limited action as he continues his recovery from a severe arm injury
an official made him leave the game due to what he deemed an improper arm brace
After 30 minutes of emergency padding to the brace
Manteca had already built a 14-0 lead before Davis got into the game
“It was really hard to sit out (with the injury),” said Davis
who rushed for 342 yards in the first game of the season
But it gave me — and the team — a challenge to do better and play better as a team.”
More: SJAA Dominance: Edison football beats Linden to secure first place in league
The Sac-Joaquin Section, along with the California Interscholastic Federation, has adopted the “Join the Fight” against cancer for the month of October. In the past, breast cancer awareness has been the focus, but the Sierra coaching staff has allowed its players to sport multiple colors that represent various cancers.
“We want to do everything we can to support cancer survivors and friends who’ve lost people,” Sierra principal Steve Clark said. “It’s a great event we’ve supported over the years.”
All fans were offered a “Stand Up to Cancer” sign as they entered the field and were encouraged to write the names of those close to them who’ve been touched by cancer. At the end of the first quarter, the game was stopped for a moment of silence and for fans to hold up their signs.
It’s not like Sierra hasn’t had success over the past decade, it just hasn’t come against the Buffaloes. The Timberwolves (3-4) won section titles in 2019 and 2015, with the 2015 team winning the CIF Division IV-A state bowl game against Chowchilla.
This season, the Timberwolves’s three wins match the number of wins it recorded over the previous three seasons combined. Sierra coach Jeff Abrew is known for adapting the spread offense in the run-heavy Valley Oak League.
“We knew years ago we weren’t a power team that could run it down your throat,” Abrew said. “It’s a challenge to play against the higher-level teams, but this year we’ve been able to throw it more. I’m happy we’ve been able to experience more winning.
“We had some chances to make some plays early on and we were unable to,” Abrew added. “We just couldn’t stop (Manteca). They’re phenomenal up front and they have a lot of dudes. They’re just a great program.”
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Volume 14 - 2020 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2020.00008
This article is part of the Research TopicBrain States and Neural Mechanisms of ConsciousnessView all 37 articles
technical and procedural advances have brought functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to the field of murine neuroscience
Due to its unique capacity to measure functional activity non-invasively
fMRI allows for the direct comparison of large-scale murine and human brain functions
This opens an avenue for bidirectional translational strategies to address fundamental questions ranging from neurological disorders to the nature of consciousness
The key challenges of murine fMRI are: (1) to generate and maintain functional brain states that approximate those of calm and relaxed human volunteers
while (2) preserving neurovascular coupling and physiological baseline conditions
Low-dose anesthetic protocols are commonly applied in murine functional brain studies to prevent stress and facilitate a calm and relaxed condition among animals
current mono-anesthesia has been shown to impair neural transmission and hemodynamic integrity
By linking the current state of murine electrophysiology
Ca2+ imaging and fMRI of anesthetic effects to findings from human studies
this systematic review proposes general principles to design
apply and monitor anesthetic protocols in a more sophisticated way
The further development of balanced multimodal anesthesia
combining two or more drugs with complementary modes of action helps to shape and maintain specific brain states and relevant aspects of murine physiology
Functional connectivity and its dynamic repertoire as assessed by fMRI can be used to make inferences about cortical states and provide additional information about whole-brain functional dynamics
a simple and comprehensive functional neurosignature pattern can be determined for use in defining brain states and anesthetic depth in rest and in response to stimuli
Such a signature can be evaluated and shared between labs to indicate the brain state of a mouse during experiments
an important step toward translating findings across species
Modern MR scanners operating at ultrahigh magnetic field strengths (≥7 T) have been tailored for use with small rodents
and can achieve a relative spatial resolution analogous to that commonly used in human fMRI (voxels per anatomical region; voxel size of ~200 μm3)
This permits direct comparisons of large-scale murine and human brain functions
and opens up opportunities to use a plethora of genetically engineered models to clarify a wide range of clinical and basic neuroscience issues—from the pathogenesis of neurological disorders to fundamental questions about consciousness
Studying unbiased nociception in mice is almost impossible; even the application of aversive stimuli
and functional patterns across the brain reflect not only stress
but also unrelated motor and sensory responses
This introduces tremendous complexity to fMRI of the awake mouse
All these parameters can affect neurovascular coupling
which links the BOLD effect to the activity of neural populations
anesthetic protocols in fMRI face two major challenges: first
to preserve functional brain states based on neural oscillation and transmission characteristics (see “Brain States
and Murine Consciousness” section)
to maintain hemodynamic integrity (see “Murine fMRI and Hemodynamic Integrity” section)
and challenges of murine functional brain mapping
this work provides a review of the literature on current anesthetic protocols and their meaning for murine functional neuroimaging
The aim is to introduce the basic principles of anesthesia to better understand and interpret the outcome of murine fMRI studies
and to develop novel anesthetic protocols and monitoring strategies dedicated to promoting reproducible and translational neuroimaging
neural information is processed against a background of spontaneous
ongoing activity generated by the promiscuous firing of neurons or structured patterns of neural populations
These oscillatory dynamics can be assessed via invasive and non-invasive neural readout techniques
yielding distinct spatiotemporal profiles that can be considered as signatures of distinct brain states
This flexibility permits the mode of sensory processing to adapt to situational demands
This temporal coding scheme can facilitate or inhibit information transfer between local and distant cell groups by varying their phase relations
Anesthesia can affect neural information processing at both the local level (by setting an imbalance of inhibitory and excitatory inputs) and globally (by spoiling phase relations of cell ensembles and disrupting information transfer across brain areas)
Anesthetic compounds used in mouse functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)
we briefly introduce current models on how these rhythms are generated by the effects of different anesthetics
and how the brain states that are indicated by distinct rhythms affect neural transmission and processing
which might affect phase–frequency relationships between sending and receiving areas and thus contribute to the disruption of cross-cortical communication
the phase locking is weak and restricted to the initial sensorimotor area
they appear to be particularly susceptible to the effects of various anesthetics
At already 1% isoflurane the inhibition of higher-order TC nuclei causes a disruption of cortico-cortical feedback loops
studying sensory pathways within the cortex of anesthetized mice is often limited to brain areas that receive direct sensory thalamic or subcortical input
Delta oscillations are grouped themselves by slow waves into larger sequences
although both waveforms share a very similar structure
The exact phase-amplitude coupling of slower and faster waves is a function of the anesthetic depth (Chamadia et al., 2019)
alpha waves lie in the trough of slow-delta oscillations
they experience a shift in phase until they ride on top of the slow waves’ peaks
This phase-amplitude syntax causes a functional decoupling of neural activity
and thus cortical communication to collapse in crucial networks
leading to deep anesthesia (see “Functional Connectivity and Murine Resting-State fMRI” section)
The full inhibitory package results in enhanced suppression of spontaneous desynchronized cortical background activity
which causes successively quiescent networks in the DOWN state with increasing anesthetic depth
burst suppression events can be considered as non- or quasi-periodic slow waves with a long refractory time and high discharge
Further increasing the anesthetic dosage leads to longer suppression, shorter burst periods, and less reactivity to stimuli (Hartikainen et al., 1995), which culminates in complete neural inexcitability and finally isoelectricity due to increasing (thalamo)cortical and subcortical suppression (Figure 2A; Kroeger and Amzica, 2007)
To what extent the transition of brain states may jeopardize the concordance of results across experiments (e.g.
by exerting significantly different effects on signal processing) remains an open question
and has to be established for specific anesthetic protocols applied
and should be considered in preclinical studies for which an initial bolus induction of anesthesia is common practice
If the aim of a study is to assess functional connectivity (FC) at rest
there is no need to adjust the anesthetic depth so that the mouse remains unresponsive to nociceptive stimuli
these behavioral markers are not dependent on the application of any nociceptive stimulus that is not applied in the actual experiment
it is highly encouraged to adjust and compare anesthetic protocols based on oscillatory signatures and neural response properties outside the MR environment
Behavioral monitoring becomes increasingly crucial as different anesthetic classes and combinations of drugs are employed to sedate the animal (see “Multimodal Anesthesia in Translational fMRI” section)
Effects on hemodynamic integrity of anesthetics used in mouse fMRI
Research on murine fMRI has grown exponentially from only a handful of publications in the first decade (Huang et al., 1996; Ahrens and Dubowitz, 2001; Mueggler et al., 2003; Xu et al., 2003, 2005) to more than 50 in the following
anesthesia in murine fMRI presents a multitude of challenges beyond the determination of functional brain states and neural response properties
and anesthetic protocols are still far from being effectively tailored to meet murine physiological and hemodynamic demands
Preserving hemodynamic integrity that approximates a physiological state is essential to exploit the two key advantages of murine fMRI: non-invasively investigating whole-brain functional dynamics
and the opportunity to directly compare these dynamics across species
The experiments that have been performed can be classified into at least four categories: (1) sensory perception; (2) nociception and pain; (3) FC based on the resting state; and (4) within-brain stimulation involving the use of opto- and chemogenetics
Each category reveals particular aspects of anesthetic effects in fMRI and deserves consideration in terms of the requirements for anesthetic protocols that are appropriate to obtaining neuroimaging data of translational value
All these studies identified modality-relevant sensory pathways
including primary sensory and partially preserved secondary cortical and thalamic structures
Higher-order or association areas have not been reported
or by the experimental setup that can create a thermal gradient between the dorsal–ventral axis of the mouse brain (see below)
This demonstrates that blood gas levels are crucial in fMRI and that respiration should be kept at physiological levels to preserve neural and especially hemodynamic responses
single pulses of electrical stimulation in mechanically ventilated mice elicit patterns predominantly along the somatosensory axis
whereas long pulse trains evoke bilateral patterns that likely reflect a transient recruitment of arousal structures
which can drive the brain state towards consciousness
To create conditions as close as possible to those experienced by a calm human volunteer
alternative strategies to ventilation should be considered for sensory tasks
This was reported to induce stable sedation and permit the detection of hemodynamic effects for whisker stimulation
with magnitudes and transition times similar to those observed in awake mice
Balanced multimodal anesthesia holds great promise to circumvent the multiple challenges in murine fMRI, with the aim of preserving physiological conditions while sufficiently sedating the animal, and still ensuring a certain level of “connectedness” to sensory perception and interoception (see “Anesthetic Depth and Consciousness–the Virtue of Translational Neuroimaging” section; Sanders et al., 2012)
Protocols for balanced multimodal anesthesia will be further discussed in “Multimodal Anesthesia in Translational fMRI” section
This leads to an even more fundamental question in terms of anesthesia: to what extent is consciousness required to encode a pain-specific neurosignature
we add to the existing literature by focusing on basic concepts of anesthesia-specific changes in FC with respect to the underlying mechanisms
in the same way that cortical states change with attention toward a stimulus (see “Cortical States of Wakefulness” and “Brain States Under Anesthesia” sections)
This sheds light on the anesthetic hysteresis effect: namely
that different anesthetic dosages are required to induce a similar depth of anesthesia during the induction and recovery phases (see “Brain States Under Anesthesia” section)
The translational utility of murine FC studies may depend on the capacity of the anesthetic protocol to preserve or restore the integrity of specific functional networks across the brain
This relation makes the assessment of FC a highly relevant point of convergence for detailing and understanding brain states induced by anesthesia
Functional connectivity (FC) disruptions reflect principal mechanisms of anesthesia
these signatures can be linked to the cortical states
and hence be employed to determine the nature and level of sedation (see “Brain States Under Anesthesia” and “Limitations in Maintaining Stable Brain States” sections)
Due to the narrow dose range between stable sedation and burst suppression
careful adjustment of isoflurane concentrations is required to avoid unphysiological FC
To achieve a similar anesthetic stability by not overly stressing one pathway
drugs targeting either of these “one-dimensional” mechanisms are commonly combined (e.g.
ketamine-xylazine or medetomidine-isoflurane) in order to target the complementary pathways
The exact relationship between the dynamics of FC and its correspondence to its scaffold as a function of anesthetic depth remains to be clarified across anesthetic protocols in mice
Since brain states during wakefulness alter with the level of arousal, such a “ground truth” is still prone to reflect stress and restraint rather than the resting state, which becomes critical when comparing results with human volunteers (Bergmann et al., 2016)
It might be useful to administer minimal anesthetic dosages (e.g.
of anxiolytics) in the actual experiment to relax mice
This would create a state of drowsy wakefulness that approximates the “ground truth” against which novel anesthetic protocols could be referenced
multimodal sedation may be instrumental to lock the mouse into a defined spectrum of brain states to minimize variations due to stress
and to prevent effects due to habituation and reward
The key challenges of preclinical fMRI with a view to translation are: (1) to induce and maintain brain states that correspond with those of calm and relaxed human volunteers; and (2) to assure hemodynamic integrity—in other words
to preserve neurovascular coupling and physiological baseline conditions
we have discussed the general principles of anesthesia and have highlighted the need to recognize and overcome the shortcomings of current anesthetic protocols
and unambiguously identify distinct brain states in fMRI that meet the above criteria
reproducible studies and translate findings from mice to humans
By reducing the dose of individual compounds
a multimodal protocol reduces excessive stress on a single pathway
taking advantage of complementary modes of action to shape and maintain desired brain states
respiratory depression or hemodynamic side effects from specific drugs can be attenuated by balancing them with the effects of others
combining anesthetic compounds through multimodal anesthesia introduces a higher level of complexity and potential cross-effects that require caution
A rigorous characterization of anesthetic actions will be necessary to understand and adjust the effects of individual drugs in multimodal approaches
To properly identify and communicate an anesthetic state in translational fMRI
we first need to define a set of functional characteristics that can identify an induced brain state with high specificity
Their purpose is to evaluate the anesthetic maintenance of an intermediate brain state
and qualify its approximation to the awake state
We will refer to these functional characteristics as qualifiers
we choose one identifier that allows the unambiguous assessment of whether a desired intermediate brain state has been maintained during the full length of the fMRI scan
based on a reliable neurophysiological signature pattern
It should permit: (1) identifying a brain state and the integrity of its qualifiers; and (2) comparing this state across subjects
We will refer to this identifier of a specific brain state as a maintained
intermediate neurophysiologically-determined (MIND) signature
A number of qualifiers have the potential to illuminate characteristics of brain states and the functional implications that accompany them. The set of such qualifiers is growing rapidly through new findings and the development of novel analytical tools (as summarized in Bonhomme et al., 2019)
we list only those that we consider most relevant and sufficient for defining brain states for fMRI in anesthetized animals
Under these conditions, the set of functional characteristics needed to identify an anesthetically induced brain state should include measures of maintenance, arousability, neuronal stimulus–response features, and their hemodynamic translation, as well as FC and its dynamic repertoire (Figure 9)
These qualifiers cover a range of informative features to identify and evaluate the degree to which an induced brain state approximates the calm
The functional characteristics (qualifiers) and MIND signature (identifier) of a specific brain state induced by an anesthetic protocol
The aim of anesthesia in fMRI is to induce stable sedation
while maintaining a brain state that approximates an awake
The protocol may be either mono-anesthetic (drug a; dose x) or multimodal (drug a
Qualifiers are defined as functional characteristics of an intermediate brain state that has been induced and maintained by the use of anesthesia: The cortical EEG signature permits to monitor anesthetic depth
to evaluate arousability by challenging the stability of a brain state via nociception or stress
and to probe stimulus-response features of sensory evoked potentials (SEP)
Hemodynamic translation can be evaluated via fMRI
whereas shape and magnitude of the hemodynamic response function (HRF) provide information about anesthesia-induced vasomodulation
Anesthetic effects on functional connectivity (FC) across the brain can be assessed based on correlation matrices that depict interrelations of cortical and subcortical areas
and the dynamic repertoire of recurring sets of FC patterns over time
FC has great value as an identifier of a particular brain state and the integrity of its qualifiers
A fingerprint-like FC signature pattern can be used to unambiguously identify maintained intermediate brain states under anesthesia and communicate them across labs
This signature pattern is termed the maintained
Flanking tasks in fMRI with resting-state scans will permit a researcher to monitor the maintenance or variations in the brain state under anesthesia throughout the fMRI experiment
Cortical EEG signatures provide valuable information about cortical synchronization at particular frequency bands (including correlates of phase-amplitude coupling, which can influence cortical information transfer and sensory processing; see “Brain States Under Anesthesia” section; Chamadia et al., 2019)
the stability of a maintained intermediate brain state during rest and its response to nociception and stress (see “Metastability of Brain States
and Behavioral Monitoring” section)
Due to its real-time accessibility and high temporal resolution
EEG can be used to assess anesthetic depth and rousability
particularly when aligned with behavioral observations (outside the scanner)
can be used to assess the degree of complexity of signal processing and propagation across the cortex at different spatial and temporal scales (see also “Brain States Under Anesthesia” and “Deep Brain Stimulation
Opto- and Chemogenetics” sections)
This provides insights into the effects of anesthesia on thalamo-cortical and cortico-cortical sensory transmission
as well as cortical information transfer (see “Brain States Under Anesthesia” section)
an overall impairment of neurovascular coupling by anesthesia might lead to a selective loss of BOLD effects
Further information about vasoconstrictive or vasodilatory drug effects can be derived from the shape of the hemodynamic response function (HRF; see “Sensory Processing and the Key Challenges in Murine fMRI” section)
Since anesthesia primarily disrupts neural communication across the brain
its effects are most comprehensively reflected by measures of FC
An ideal sedation for fMRI would meet criteria of a close resemblance of the assessed correlation matrices with those of the awake references
and a rich repertoire of dynamic FC (see “Functional Connectivity and Murine Resting-State fMRI” section)
Such a mechanistic connection remains to be established—as well as the circumstances in which this assumption can be made with confidence
Defining a MIND signature that could indicate the cortical state
and dynamic FC in the form of one unique identifier would be extremely useful
The unambiguous identification of brain states during fMRI would also substantially improve the process of developing (and communicating) novel anesthetic protocols
A verifiable linkage between these qualifiers requires the simultaneous assessment of neural and hemodynamic readouts (see below)
a large fraction of qualifiers can be assessed in separate measurements
It is reasonable to perform initial anesthetic adjustments outside the MR scanner
based on electrophysiological and behavioral responses to stimuli and cortical signatures during rest (see “Metastability of Brain States
while under a tight control of physiological parameters
It is therefore important to select conditions under which the qualifiers measured outside the scanner can be linked to others obtained during fMRI
studies that investigate such brain state transitions under anesthesia linking electrophysiological or calcium recordings with dynamic FC are still pending
A loss of recurrence and the appearance of new FC configurations would indicate a drift in brain states
Transitions in brain states become a confounding factor when they significantly alter the specific functional properties that are relevant for a given fMRI investigation
This will produce a MIND signature that identifies brain states with increasing precision
The MIND signature would be valuable as an indicator of specific brain states independent of minor changes in brain anatomy and thus hold even further value for translational fMRI
It would provide a framework for comparing the MIND signatures of humans and mice and facilitate the development of a scheme for systematic evaluation of functional similarity and divergence across species
This would allow for better translation of anesthetic effects from humans to mice and back
and will have three major benefits: (1) anesthetic effects could be referenced against an awake
but calm and relaxed volunteer—even within the same subject; (2) introspective reports could link specific MIND signatures to LOC and to the overall experience; and (3) determining precise translational limitations in general brain functions and specific anesthetic effects
to assess the scope for murine transgenic and optogenetic applications to explore human cognition and consciousness
cognitive scientists employ anesthesia to probe the neural correlates of consciousness
All these disparate fields produce valuable data that should be taken into account across research domains in pursuit of a deeper understanding of anesthetic effects on animal and human brain functions
Yet accessing knowledge on anesthetic effects is not always straightforward
Much valuable information is buried in publications that focus on biological research questions and use anesthesia only as an experimental tool
Many anecdotal observations of crucial effects remain unpublished “lab lore” and are not available to the community
Having access to this information could substantially accelerate our progress in detailing anesthetic effects to develop multimodal protocols for a stable sedation with the best possible preservation of brain functions
A community-driven open database of key observations—collected from publications and lab notes—would make this information more accessible
promoting reproducibility and preventing research groups from running into the same “dead ends” already discovered by others
We are currently developing a web-based infrastructure for such an open initiative across neuroimaging communities
to facilitate the exchange of this information
We invite anyone interested in this initiative to contact the corresponding author
the additional assessments of resting-state fMRI at selected points throughout the experiment would help to specify the actual brain state and make comparisons of data across labs more reliable
The concept of the MIND signature could support this process by defining a set of qualifiers and one identifier readout that permits a reliable indication of a specific brain state and its related functional properties
Our future work is dedicated to further refining and establishing the MIND signature in a collaborative effort
To make proper use of translational fMRI for a direct
non-invasive comparison between large-scale brain functions in humans and mice
it is essential to understand the impact of anesthesia on neural physiology
The animal is usually anesthetized to avoid variations due to stress and distraction
with the ultimate aim of achieving stable sedation while maintaining a functional brain state close to that of an awake
Maintaining functional brain states and neurovascular coupling are the two major challenges of preclinical fMRI
Most anesthetics affect neural and hemodynamic integrity in different ways
which typically assigns them to one of the three main classes of anesthesia
all classes exert their effects by spoiling the phase-frequency relationships of remote neuronal populations
which eventually leads to a breakdown of information transfer along the cortical hierarchy and thus LOC
The resulting disruption of higher-order circuits is reflected in FC
although the specifiability of markers for discrete functional stages remain to be clarified
Better knowledge of the mechanisms of action allows to balance different compounds in order to develop multimodal anesthetic protocols for translational fMRI
ideally revealing mainly species-specific variations and not the influence of anesthesia
The concept of the MIND signature has been proposed as an approach to determine and re-identify specific brain states and related functional properties induced by different anesthetic drugs and levels across studies
agrees to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest
We thank Russ Hodge (Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine
Jason Millward (Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility
Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine
and Nikoloz Sirmpilatze (Functional Imaging Laboratory
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Citation: Reimann HM and Niendorf T (2020) The (Un)Conscious Mouse as a Model for Human Brain Functions: Key Principles of Anesthesia and Their Impact on Translational Neuroimaging
Received: 02 July 2019; Accepted: 27 January 2020; Published: 19 May 2020
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LONDON - The cost of 7-tesla MRI systems is the main deterrent to more widespread clinical adoption of the scanners in hospitals
a leading German expert told delegates at the annual meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM)
When asked what it would take to for a 7-tesla machine to become as available as 3-tesla or 1.5-tesla systems in the future
most of the brain imaging protocols are very much established and can be used."
I think it's just the price tag that makes the difference between 3T and 7T
and not every institution might be able to afford a 7T system," he noted
availability is not an issue at all; for brain MRI
ISMRM is holding this week's meeting in conjunction with the European Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine and Biology and the International Society for MR Radiographers and Technologists
who is professor for experimental ultrahigh-field MRI at the Charité in Berlin and head of the Berlin Ultra High Field facility at Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine
spoke about new frontiers and applications in high-field imaging at ISMRM 2022
He highlighted the growing demand for imaging services
particularly in tackling the global burden of neurological disorders and the challenge of integrating findings from molecular and cellular insights from brain research
Imaging has a major role to play in the move from late-stage treatment toward earlier diagnosis of disease processes before symptoms occur
Niendorf underlined the clinical importance and relevance of neuro MRI -- brain
and head and neck exams typically account for over 50% of total examinations
"You are the experts and are used to doing this at 1.5T and 3T
and now we are trying to push the envelope and do this also at 7T," he continued
Niendorf described the benefits of 7-tesla MRI
and the ability to produce more detailed images
citing examples in relation to multiple sclerosis (MS)
"We believe 7T MRI can really make a difference when it comes to the differentiation of MS lesions from other neurodegenerative diseases (such as Susac syndrome)," he said
"But imaging lesions is not enough -- that would limit us to being photographers
and radiographers who want to help people and save lives
That's why we need to learn more about the mechanisms behind neurodegenerative diseases or neurological disorders," Niendorf added
The technological challenges of 7-tesla MRI should not be underestimated; however
an advanced MRI research radiographer at King's College London
She has helped set up a 7-tesla service at Guy's Hospital in central London
"You really do need a good working relationship with your physics team
because they are absolutely vital to your success," she said during the same Saturday session
The service is part of the London Collaborative Ultra High Field System
The unit has already seen around 350 patients
Bridgen said the main challenges to 7-tesla MRI included the need for extra safety training for staff
and transient side effects (such as people feeling sick or having a metallic taste in the mouth)
having clear clinical and referral pathways
and knowing what to do with images and incidental findings
"If you need to get a radiologist to look at that
Are they seeing things they've not seen before
It's about getting their eye in," Bridgen said
adding that a key question around ultrahigh-field MRI is to identify who could benefit
Bridgen was involved in a pilot study of 20 children that compared the clinical value of structural 7-tesla MRI for lesion detection in a cohort of children with drug-resistant epilepsy undergoing presurgical evaluation
It found lesions were visible at 7-tesla MRI that weren't evident on 3-tesla scans
This could help guide stereotactic surgery to remove the lesions
Aiming even higher in terms of field strength is Dr. Denis Le Bihan
part of the French Atomic Energy Commission in Saclay
He described how the group has developed the "human brain explorer" -- an all-European machine dubbed "the most powerful MRI scanner in the world." In October 2021, it delivered its first images: a pumpkin scanned at 11.7 tesla
who came up with the idea over 20 years ago
He spoke at ISMRM 2022 via a video link because he is currently in Germany to receive the Eduard Rhein Foundation Award for the invention of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) MRI
He said the 11.7-tesla magnet was so large once manufactured that it had to be routed in transit to avoid lower road bridges
The scanner should help researchers to better explore some brain disorders and neural patterns
STOCKTON – With 36 seconds remaining in the Sac-Joaquin Section Division IV championship game Friday night between No
Escalon coach Andrew Beam watched his Cougars score a touchdown on a 13-yard pass to Sam Jimenez to cut the score to 35-34 with an extra-point attempt to follow
Beam believed going for the 2-point conversion gave his team the best chance to win Escalon’s 12th section championship overall and its fourth in a row
He believed his play to run a quarterback keeper by three-year starter Donovan Rozevink was his best option
and so the offense came out of the time out with three yards between it and golden (and purple) memories that would certainly last a lifetime
Fail to get those three yards and it’d be a lifetime of what-could’ve-been
Convert the 2-point play and the players would have the first story they’d be telling their grandkids at around the year 2063
a win Friday night was highly unlikely considering the Cougars opened the game with their worst six minutes of the season
Rozevink recalled the play he wanted to run for the two points meant rolling out to his right for a potential run/pass option
he exited the time out with Beam’s plan and his final words — “trust yourself.”
Rozevink ran the play to perfection behind an offensive line that left its quarterback virtually untouched as he ran across the goal line
circling around and heading for the sidelines toward a meaningful bear hug by a beaming coach Beam
“I didn’t want to go for the tie,” Rozevink said
“I just knew we had to go out and put the game away
I didn’t expect him to give me the football like that
but we got the job done and it feels great.”
Patterson (11-2) still had 34 seconds to get to within field goal range
but a pair of sacks by Nico Franzia stalled that effort
a razzle-dazzle final pass play by Patterson went awry and Escalon players rushed the field to celebrate
and Cougars were whistled for unsportsmanlike conduct
The Tigers were awarded one last untimed play
which resulted in a successful pass completion and subsequent run that got all the way down to the 18-yard line
What's Next?The CIF will announce Sunday where the Cougars will play either Friday or Saturday in a NorCal Regional final
in the regional final before defeating Northwood
More: Escalon football pulls away for SJS Div. IV semifinal victory over West Park
Patterson had a 14-0 lead following an impressive opening touchdown drive
the Cougars fumbled the ball at their own 29-yard line
Patterson’s Jeremiah Lugo had the second of his five touchdowns for a two-touchdown lead
I just really wanted to get on the field,” said Rozevink
“I trusted my offense and defense to make some plays
Escalon fans were in the right place to start praying for a miracle comeback — the Thompson Sports Complex at St
The first prayer answered was a stunning 74-yard punt return for a touchdown by Jimenez
Jimenez’s 33-yard touchdown reception from Rozevink (17-for-25
3 touchdowns) with 14 seconds left until halftime pulled the Cougars (12-1) back to within two scores
I’ve seen some remarkable comebacks in my 34 seasons of walking the sidelines
but I don’t recall any as remarkable as Escalon’s game-winner
You couldn’t find more drama inside the diary of a 14-year-old junior high girl
trailing 35-28 with 6:13 remaining in the game
went on an improbable 19-play drive that ended with the 2-point conversion
Escalon faced a fourth-and-9 situation and
Rozevink completed passes to Jimenez to keep the comeback alive
A dropped pass or poor throw all but ends the game
Jimenez caught five passes on that drive for 46 yards
giving him 116 total yards on nine catches
Jimenez also caught an interception to go along with his 74-yard punt return
“This is the best thing that’s ever happened to me,” said a tearful Jimenez
Rozevink is the best quarterback in the area; we’ve trusted him all year long.”
Beam said his Cougars were in for a real test considering they’d been moved up to Division IV after winning back-to-back titles in Division V
It was the 18th championship appearance in school history
“We’re calm because we’ve been in this situation before,” Beam said
“But there’s an uneasiness because of the unknowns
The first thing is we’ve got to take care of the football
Not only did Escalon fumble on its first chance to get the ball
but its running game was also lifeless most of the first half
Before the 68-yard scoring drive at the end of the first half
Escalon had a total of 24 rushing yards and zero passing yards
Patterson had 260 yards of offense at halftime
BeamingFriday’s incredulous ending meant Beam would not be able to use any pre-planned
post-game speech in which his team had lost a championship game
Experienced coaches know exactly what to say when it comes to heartbreaking losses
under Beam’s tenure since 2018 when he took over the team
the Cougars have won four section titles in a row beginning with a Division VI championship in 2019
“This was an incredible football game,” said Beam
We started about as bad as you could start
I’m just proud of our kids for staying the course and trusting the system.”
Was there ever a thought to tie the game and send it to overtime rather than go for two points
we weren’t going to stop (Patterson’s offense),” he said
More: Niendorf: Ripon Christian football takes down Orestimba during SJS Div. VIIA semifinals
I’ve come away from multiple games over my three-plus decades having seen contests where
and I had a conversation with longtime Patterson coach Rob Cozart
Patterson had defeated Escalon in each of their last five matchups
and Cozart is likely the only coach who can say that
Patterson has yet to win a blue banner in two title-game appearances
He told me of his first heart-breaking encounter with Escalon in 2005
when Beam was the quarterback of the Cougars
Patterson had beaten Beam’s Cougars in the regular season
but the teams met again two weeks later in the playoffs
Escalon avenged the loss with a 38-17 victory and went on to defeat Hilmar
Beam threw for 85 yards and two touchdowns against the Cozart-led Tigers
before throwing two more scores against Hilmar
“We’ve had some amazing matchups over the years,” Cozart said
“It’s nice to reboot this rivalry on such a big stage.”
Sac-Joaquin Section football playoffs are just a day away and the anticipation is high in the Stockton prep football community
Manteca and Escalon — have a bye this week getting to sit back and watch the first round unfold as they prepare for the quarterfinals
The remaining nine teams will kick off postseason play at 7 p.m
Here are the matchups happening across the county for the SJS first round of playoffs as well as score predictions from The Record’s sports desk
Check back here for live score updates and listen to the latest episode of The Record’s sports reporter Shannon Belt on Fox Sports AM 1280’s The 209 High School Sports Reports podcast
More: Welcome to the Jungle: Kimball wins best football student section in SJ County
More: Down goes No. 1 Cougars: St. Mary's girls flag football upset Escalon in SJS D2 semifinals
Record reporter Shannon Belt covers sports
She can be reached at sbelt@recordnet.com or on Twitter @ShannonBelt3
subscribe to The Stockton Record at https://www.recordnet.com/subscribenow
Joseph Widmer’s Jared Lavarias knows how to put away a volleyball match
With the Wildcats leading 24-16 at match point Tuesday night with McParland
the Knights went on a five-point run to come within 24-21
Lavarias dinked the ball back over the net and it fell to the floor to give Joseph Widmer a 25-16
25-21 sweep for the girls Acorn League volleyball championship
According to Wildcats coach Scott Niendorf
in the semifinal match against Brock Elliott the Champions had the serve at match point 14-11 when Joseph Widmer broke service
She drilled a pair of aces to tie the game at 14-14 before the Wildcats picked up the three-set
Joseph Widmer racked up 15 aces Tuesday night
“I knew we were a pretty strong-serving team,” Niendorf said
“I don’t know that a lot of people have seen us serve when we are on
“A couple of teams have seen us when we are off but we had our best practice of the year Monday and we locked in on our serves and it really helped us tonight.”
Ja’leiyah Ray of the Wildcats earned MVP honors with eight aces
Erin Chunn three kills with a kill apiece for Trisha Kumar
Alexa Bretao and Jedah Haywood led McParaland with two kills each
Hanna Morris an ace and a kill each for Jacey Juaregui and Savanna Lopez
Niendorf: Longtime coach shares secrets to storied programs' successThe Stockton RecordSTOCKTON – I relished the opportunity to revisit Edison High Friday as the hometown Vikings prepared to battle the Sac-Joaquin Section’s top-ranked team
visiting with one of Stockton’s treasured longtime coaches
for a moment before kickoff always takes me back to what prep football is all about
had just finished coaching the junior varsity team when I caught up with him in the locker room
He was taking a breather before heading back out for the main event
we might have a chance (against Folsom),” Guyton said
“We’ll never shy away from scheduling a juggernaut
Edison’s two teams were smoked by the Bulldogs by night’s end
including a 48-15 defeat at the varsity level
it was an improvement over last year’s 65-0 defeat at Folsom
More: Stockton-area football: Find out everything you need to know for the 2023 season
I asked Guyton why he added the task of coaching the JV team to his schedule
He said Edison’s storied program is beginning to lose its luster at a critical junction
The Vikings are just a season away from switching from the San Joaquin Athletic Association to the more challenging Tri-City Athletic League
“I have to (coach the JV team) if our program is going to survive,” Guyton said
I want to make one last statement in the SJAA before we leave
and I want to get these young players ready (for TCAL competition).”
The Vikings, not counting the shortened pandemic season, finished the past four seasons with a 21-0 record in the SJAA. They’ve been pleading with section officials to find a better fit
Edison outscored its SJAA opponents last year by a combined total of 357-11
The move to the TCAL will pit the Vikings against intracity foes Lincoln and St
Mary’s since 2004 but nearly beat the Rams in the 2021 infamous “Fog Bowl” playoff game
and I was hardly even able to see the Rams standing on the other sideline
The game ended with a last-minute interception by the Rams on Edison’s final drive
It’s telling that Guyton’s former players are consistently returning to check in on the program
NFL wideout Lavelle Hawkins is joining Guyton on the sidelines as the next head coach in waiting
Also stopping by Edison this week was former Los Angeles Rams cornerback Trumaine Johnson
“That was exciting for me to see him again,” Guyton said
and he just popped into the lobby to see me and some of the guys
He was once where our (current players) are now
It’s a great feeling to see guys like Trumaine come back.”
When asked if he could see the end of his career coming soon
he said he has no intention of leaving the Vikings soon
“They might have to bury me here,” Guyton said
“It was an honor to be coached here by Charles Washington
It’s that passion and drive that keeps me going
Sophomore StaplesI met up with Edison quarterback Berell Staples while the team trainer was taping his ankles before the game
projected to be a 3-year starter for the Vikings
was unusually calm less than an hour before battling a Folsom team full of college-bound players
every last one of them,” said the 6-foot-1
who was transplanted to Stockton from Concord after eighth grade
“You have to block out the noise (about Folsom’s dominance)
Nobody is going to come through our house without a fight.”
Staples impressed me with his outlook and how he handles the pressure of playing such a demanding position
What do most people not know about playing quarterback
“It’s hard to stay level when everything around you is crumbling,” Staples said
your teammates look at you with disappointment
but you still have to go out there and play hard.”
More: St. Mary's football tramples Manteca to remain undefeated
Staples opened Friday’s scoring with an impressive 50-yard touchdown pass to junior wide receiver Isaac Sagapolu
Edison’s offense sputtered when a backup running back fumbled at the 1-yard line
Instead of taking a 14-7 lead against Folsom
the Bulldogs eventually scored three times for a 28-7 halftime lead
The situation worsened in the second half as 10 of Folsom’s first 11 offensive plays began inside the Edison 16-yard line
had a meager 12 yards of total offense after halftime until a last-minute 45-yard scoring drive
Bulldogs coach Paul Doherty coached 10 seasons at Sacramento High before taking over at Whitney and
They’ve celebrated a pair of Section titles
“The program recruits itself,” Doherty said
“People put in a lot of time to build a program of worth
the disparity between the haves and have-nots is immense
“We have to be the most excited team (on the field) to play the game and
is Folsom’s “75-year-old water boy,” said Paul Doherty
who was providing the service because “it’s just one less thing the coaches have to worry about.” Pat Doherty gets to watch his son coach the Bulldogs on Friday night
then watches his son also coach a youth football team that rosters his own 6- and 8-year-old boys
Which of the two teams’ victories seems to give Paul Doherty the most satisfaction
“The joy is greater (at the youth level) and the stress level is lower (than at Folsom High),” he said
IDAHO FALLS — A local woman charged in a fatal crash that killed a motorcyclist last year has been sentenced to probation
was sentenced by Judge Wiley Dennert to unsupervised probation for misdemeanor inattentive or careless driving after accepting a plea agreement
DeGarlais was originally charged with misdemeanor vehicular manslaughter and misdemeanor DUI in connection to the June 2021 crash that killed 41-year-old Cody Jacob Niendorf Jr
DeGarlais agreed to plea guilty to misdemeanor inattentive or careless driving
and the prosecution dropped the misdemeanor charges of DUI and vehicular manslaughter
Idaho Falls Police responded to a car crash at the Sunnyside and I-15 exit
Police reports show Niendorf was riding west on Sunnyside Road around 6 p.m
when DeGarlais exited Interstate 15 on the southbound off-ramp
When DeGarlais tried turning onto Sunnyside Road
she hit Niendorf with her 2020 Toyota Corolla
Niendorf was not wearing protective equipment
and was “separated from his motorcycle at impact and continued to travel in a south west direction impacting the pavement with his head,” according to the police report
An investigation Idaho Falls Police determined if DeGarlais had waited 1.47 seconds to yield to Neindorf
the motorcyclist would not have had to slam on his brakes and the crash wouldn’t have happened
according to an affidavit of probable cause
Niendorf was taken to EIRMC where he was later pronounced deceased
Officers took a blood sample from DeGarlias after the crash
which tested positive for THC — the main psychoactive part of marijuana — in her system
The coroner later took a blood sample from Neindorf
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TRACY – The pain of losing a regular season game doesn’t compare to a playoff loss
especially if you’re a senior and your days of wearing shoulder pads are done after a decade or more of playing the game
the sting of a playoff loss rivals that of breaking up with your first love
Tracy’s 27-10 loss to visiting Downey in the Sac-Joaquin Section Division II playoffs Friday at Wayne Schneider Stadium produced an abundance of tears from the senior class who had high expectations
the Bulldogs defeated Downey 43-13 in nonleague action on Sept
15 in Tracy and the thought of a loss likely never crossed their minds
Friday’s much-anticipated rematch was everything fans expected with a close 13-10 Downey lead at halftime
Tracy’s hopes were dashed when senior quarterback Aidan VanOs finally succumbed to a season-ending injury on the fourth sack recorded by the relentless Downey defensive line
More: Playoff predictions: See the Record's pick for the first round of SJS football playoffs
“It’s one of the best defensive lines we’ve ever had,” Downey coach Jeremy Plaa said afterward
We made some coaching mistakes the first time around
In stepped Tracy sophomore quarterback Juan Godoy
so fresh to the team that his name wasn’t even on the roster
Downey’s defense forced him into three fumbles
wearing a sling with ice on his left shoulder
said he’d never hurt that shoulder before but knew it was bad
saying he suspects a possible broken collar bone
but I’m proud of everyone and I’m proud of the team.”
he joined his senior teammates as they prepared to walk off the field showered by the condolences of friends and family members
Tracy coach Jeff Pribble said his team was eager to take the field
There was little talk of the 10-day-old ruling by the Sac-Joaquin Section officials that took away four victories this season after improper paperwork was filed on two players who had transferred to the school
and there’s a lot of confidence in these kids who feel like they belong (in the playoffs),” said Pribble
whose team’s record official stood at 4-6 overall after the Section was finished with its punishment
“My players know exactly who they are and exactly what we’ve done
Pribble refused to take the easy road and blame the loss on losing his star quarterback
he cited early penalties (13 overall compared to two for Downey) and mental mistakes
and this family we’ve got right here is going to grow together,” Pribble said
who was about to address the team one last time after team handshakes
Upon Further ReviewI was eager to spend some time with and ask Tracy's Athletic Director
what exactly happened to cause the forfeiture of four wins
saying the incorrect paperwork was turned in for the transfer of two players
and the Section told us the bylaws see it as something else,” Shrout said
“We didn’t try to hide an athlete or take one from another team
The kids don’t deserve to be knocked down or hear things on social media
I feel bad for the kids and I feel bad for Jeff
I should’ve called the Section (to verify),” he added
“I’ve heard from other athletic directors who’ve said they’d also been through the same thing
and they understand it’s a complicated issue
The same Section officials who took away those four wins also cited a bylaw that indicates a team’s potential playoff seed or ranking cannot be altered based on victories that are turned into forfeits
7 Tracy got to host a playoff game despite a 4-6 overall record
left its fans miffed it had to travel to Tracy
Downey coach Jeremy Plaa told me prior to kickoff he didn’t hold Tracy responsible for his team’s road game
but rather the Section officials who’ve seemingly treated Downey with adverse matchups over its 13 consecutive seasons of qualifying for the playoffs
“Critics say we have to win a playoff game in order to talk (about getting more respect from the playoff committee),” Plaa said
More: 'This is How We Do It': Edison football has it way over Gregori in SJS playoff game
Plaa said he was surprised when the bracket was released that Tracy seemingly didn’t get punished for the improper paperwork
“I don’t remember the last time a school got nothing (for having to forfeit wins),” Plaa said
because what’s to stop schools from doing it if they know nothing is going to happen
Pribble’s Bulldogs were facing a fourth-and-18 at Tracy’s own 32-yard line
The veteran coach followed through on his decision to run a fake punt play knowing it would take everyone by surprise
a key element in any successful trick play
a terrific defensive play broke up the potential 30-yard pass and the visiting stands erupted with cheers
a tested gunslinger who returned as the starter (broken finger)
it took just two plays to find the endzone for a 7-0 lead
Downey’s quarterback in Week 5 against Tracy
on a 27-yard score just 2:10 into the contest
Tracy had more total yards than Downey (327-287)
Plaa said he’d rather not play the Bulldogs in 2024
I told coach Pribble I’m tired of playing him because it’s hard to play those guys,” he said
The full Hunters moon sets in Niendorf at the Baltic Sea
From above us to below us: Scientists have discovered animals beneath the ocean floor. Since only 26.1 percent of the global seafloor has been mapped
For those with eyes to see and minds to think
every dimension of our universe demonstrates our Creator’s magnificence and humanity’s finitude
As we’re exploring the significance and urgency of biblical truth this week
consider this amazing fact: The omnipotent Creator of the universe wrote a book
And just as amazing: He wants us to be empowered and transformed by its truth
When I taught biblical interpretation as a seminary professor
I emphasized the “Christocentric” principle: The word of God ultimately exists to lead us to the Son of God
John wrote his Gospel “so that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ
and that by believing you may have life in his name” (John 20:31)
and preach the Bible as an end rather than as a means
we frustrate the Spirit’s purpose behind its inspiration
wrote a letter in which he warned: “Be deaf when anyone preaches to you without mentioning Jesus Christ
these wicked offshoots that bear deadly fruit
If you do not experience Christ whenever you read the Bible
For a variety of reasons, I believe the Bible to be the true, trustworthy, and authoritative word, as I explain here
But there’s a caveat: You and I must act biblically for the Bible to fulfill its transforming purpose in our lives
The fifth-century Gallic monk Vincent of Lérins compared our spiritual growth to our physical growth: as our bodies mature
“the whole body would necessarily perish or become grotesque or at least be enfeebled.”
“We should reap true doctrine from the growth of true teaching.” When we do
this doctrine changes our lives and our world
The Bible is unique among the world’s books in that its intended purpose is only fully accomplished in us if it is accomplished through us
The person who hears God’s word “and perseveres
being no hearer who forgets but a doer who acts
he will be blessed in his doing” (James 1:25)
Will you be blessed in your “doing” today?
A vital way to obey God’s word is by leading others to obey God’s word
who served as pope from 590 to his death in 604
lamented that “compelled by the urgency of these barbarous times,” he and other Christian leaders “accept the duties of office
we show that we are attentive to other things.” For example
“Those who have been entrusted to us abandon God
“How can we who neglect ourselves be able to correct someone else
and the more we devote ourselves to external things
the more insensitive we become in spirit.”
Obedience to Scripture requires us to help others obey Scripture (2 Timothy 3:16–17)
In our post-Christian and even anti-Christian culture
we can measure the depth of our obedience to Scripture by its cost in our personal and public lives
Yesterday marked the anniversary of the martyrdoms of Nicholas Ridley and Hugh Latimer. The Church of England bishops were burned at the stake in 1555 for refusing to renounce their commitment to the absolute authority of the Bible
only to disavow his recantation and reaffirm his belief in the supremacy of Scripture
he first held the hand with which he signed his false recantations into the flame until it was consumed
I will always remember my first visit to the Martyrs’ Memorial at Oxford University, where its three statues depict Ridley, Latimer, and Cranmer near the place of their deaths. Here I recalled Bishop Latimer’s last words:
“Be of good comfort, Master Ridley, and play the man. We shall this day light such a candle, by God’s grace, in England, as I trust shall never be put out.”
When last did it cost you something significant to “light such a candle”?
What price will you pay to light another today?
*Denison Forum does not necessarily endorse the views expressed in these stories.
“Many people do not want absolutes in doctrine and ethics, simply because absolute truths and standards demand absolute acceptance and obedience.” —John MacArthur
Join over 325,000 readers discerning news differently
or if you have further questions or general feedback
Consumers are more than ever striving for individualism
products and services are becoming increasingly interchangeable
this means that they need to create customer experiences that set them apart from the competition: remarkable experiences are the key to building long-lasting customer loyalty
partner and customer experience expert at Wavestone
In the age of internet and digital transformation
information asymmetry has shifted in favor of consumers
Knowledge that used to be exclusive to experts can now be easily googled
calculators to compare the prices for energy
consumers are much more informed and expect a lot more from their products and services
deregulation and innovation are allowing new competitors to push into existing markets
The insurance market is one example where new players are becoming competitors
Automaker Tesla will start offering insurance and online insurer Lemonade is making it easy and efficient for consumers to take out digital home and liability insurance policies
This is a clear indication that the product is not necessarily the main differentiator
It is the customers’ experience that is increasingly gaining in importance
This is precisely why companies must focus on customer-centricity now more than ever
Companies need to keep asking themselves: where do customers get a better experience
And what is important to them – does a Tesla customer want to configure their car online or would they prefer seeing and touching it at the dealership
Would an insurance customer rather talk to their representative directly or have their minor damage claim settled within 24 hours without having to deal with bureaucratic red tape
It is crucial for companies to identify these preferences and respond swiftly
the transformation of their business models is already in full swing
is making the transition from automaker to tech company
And we are seeing other markets transform as well
One example is Ping An: The Chinese insurer uses AI to help its medical team provide around-the-clock medical services to its customers
and the sale and express delivery of pharmaceuticals
regulatory barriers are keeping these types of competitors from entering local markets
but companies in what was once considered traditional industries still need to adapt
There must and will be even more focus on wowing customers
on creating truly exceptional customer experiences
One important element is hyper personalization
meaning the ability to create highly personalized offers based on products and services that the customer has already looked up
Streaming providers like Netflix or Spotify and
Amazon are good examples for this: their recommendations vary based on their customers’ individual history although the overall offering is the same for everyone
Another important building block is preference management
The aim is to let customers decide for themselves when and how they want to receive communication about what and through what channels
all of this will be imperative for companies to ensure satisfied and loyal customers
but they also need to be able to do it well
Doing it in a way that is mechanical and passionless will only provoke negative customer experiences and ultimately erode their loyalty and push them towards the competition
On the basis of customer data; the more extensive and the higher the quality
What devices do they use and how fast is their internet
Are they registered users or can you offer them to register
When was the last time they accessed our online store
Do they leave unbought items in their shopping carts
And then there are data and AI models that help forecast customer needs by discovering recurrent patterns in customer behavior
The key is to strike the right balance between making smart use of this data and ensuring responsible data handling based on applicable regulations and consumer protection laws
they need to manage customer expectations also with a view to data protection and ethical data practices
Bring all of this together and you put the customer at the center of everything
There’s a lot of great examples: Lemonade is an insurer that stands out with how quickly they allow their customers to take out insurance
DHL has become exemplary in terms of complete supply chain visibility and proactive communications
And Tesla is looking to start selling auto insurance that rewards careful drivers with low rates
focus on what the customer wants and needs
That means closing the gap between brand promise and customer experiences
it is essential to make the customer experience a company-wide responsibility
That means breaking down silos and having different business functions collaborate more closely
this will enable them to improve customer experiences and fulfill their wishes without jeopardizing profitability and sustainability
TRACY – While the Tracy Bulldogs must now erase the word "undefeated" after falling to No
the players on the 102nd team in school history to don the green and gold jersey were anything but defeated by its 28-21 final deficit
Tracy (4-1) coach Jeff Pribble rallied his troops in the postgame talk by saying a lot could be learned from taking the Thunder (5-0) deep into the fourth quarter
Had Rocklin not converted a 50-yard pass with less than three minutes left in the game
Tracy would’ve had a chance for one last offensive drive to potentially send the game into overtime
the third-year coach had already decided that if his team had scored
he would’ve gone for the win with a 2-point attempt
Pribble proceeded to urge his depleted team to take solace in a moral victory as it concluded its nonleague schedule
his teams have finished a combined 11-4 in nonleague games
It was the second time in as many seasons that the Bulldogs had failed to go 5-0
senior quarterback Aidan VanOs was upbeat about what lies ahead for him and his teammates
14 in the Sac-Joaquin Section prior to the loss
“We knew we always had room to improve,” VanOs said
“It’s not always a bad thing (to lose) because it shows us what we need to work on
It’s always good to go against a good team like that because it brings a challenge.”
whose offense out-gained the Thunder in total yards 234-220
nearly tied the game at 7-7 early in the second quarter; however
three running plays inside Rocklin’s 4-yard line failed to get the ball across the goal line
It could be said that the Bulldogs haven’t played as a team yet because all of Tracy’s starters have yet to take the field together at kickoff
Six starters were out against Rocklin for everything from illnesses such as COVID
Coach Pribble is hopeful many of those will return when the Bulldogs open Tri-City Athletic League action Friday by hosting Lincoln
“One thing my team has is heart,” Pribble said
We went into this season thinking we’re a good team
it’s giving our offense a chance (for wins)
“One game (against Rocklin) doesn’t say it all,” he continued
Rocklin coach Jason Adams has been at the helm for 21 seasons
where an abundance of talented players have passed through his program
A whopping 37 former players are currently on college rosters this season
while another is a starting pitcher for the San Francisco Giants — Logan Webb
Webb was a standout quarterback mentored by Adams in 2012
and Webb never forgot what Adams did for him at Rocklin
Webb honored Adams at the Game Changer Awards at San Francisco’s Chase Center
Webb credits Adams for encouraging him not to quit baseball
as San Francisco’s ace has currently earned $4.6 million this season alone
More: Lincoln football survives East Union in fourth quarter comeback
moved to Tracy nearly 20 years ago believing it was a good place for her and her husband to raise their three children
The two older children graduated from Tracy High
was just hitting high school when the pandemic surfaced
Larson and her husband sold their home and moved to Rocklin so Kaleb could attend school with his cousin (and Adams’s son)
Prompting the move was the fact Rocklin High remained open for in-person learning
playing football together for three seasons
They’re now teammates at American River College
“Both (Tracy and Rocklin) are incredible sports towns,” said Larson
sporting a Rocklin jersey but sitting among friends on the Tracy side of the stadium
“Both embody everything about the Friday Night Lights
It’s great to come back; it’s like a reunion
but these are our colors (pointing to her shirt).”
New on the Tracy sideline is a fantastic replica of the city’s water tower
impressively hand-built by Pribble’s brother
It allows Tracy’s players to drink ice-cold water as needed through a cooling system built into the bottom of the tank
Spoiler alert: There’s no actual water stored in the tank
but rather a system of coils through which water is pumped into the bottom of the tank before exiting out cold
It’s much bigger — and much heavier to move — than its original intended size
It takes two to three people to move the 20-foot-tall beast
but it’s an eye-catching addition to the Bulldogs’ sideline
According to the National Center for Education Statistics
there are about 24,000 public high schools in America
so get on the waiting list now for that hard-to-buy-for coach
Rocklin junior offensive tackle Garrison Blank is hard to miss considering he stands 6-foot-7 and weighs 315 pounds
If you’re still having a difficult time finding him
who is rostered at 5-foot-9 and 215 pounds
Seeing them standing side-by-side will cause a double-take
We asked Frank Niendorf general manager for Europe at Chinese manufacturer Jinko Solar to assess the solar energy markets and their prospects
Find out what he thinks about the EU's minimum prices and why Jinko Solar focuses on performance-optimised panels in 2016
the market is continuing to consolidate at a fairly low level
which used to be a leading region is increasingly being left behind compared to the rest of the world
the Middle East or Asia are going from strength to strength and have fantastic growth prospects thanks to sharply falling systems prices
many of our European customers are forced to significantly reduce the size of their organisations
Our customers either have to move their business abroad or cease their involvement in the solar industry altogether
But their hope is that the minimum price restrictions on Chinese panels will be abolished sometime this year
That would significantly bring down system costs and increase returns
or in some cases make generating returns at all possible
How this can work has clearly been demonstrated by the Swiss solar market
Capacity expansion has levelled out and stabilised at around 300 megawatts
The EU’s minimum prices do not apply to Switzerland; solar panels are being sold at global market prices
For the last two years we have been in the country with a special team
Turkey officially added 300 megawatts of PV capacity to the grid
I see a potential of 800 to 900 megawatts – an enormous amount
The Turkish economy is growing and electricity prices are high
the solar irradiation is very favourable and there is enough space for solar generators
the solar market in Turkey works without the aid of subsidies
They are the main problem inhibiting growth
solar panels are being traded at 42 to 45 euro cents per watt
our European customers in sunny regions such as Spain or Portugal could build large-scale projects based on a power purchase agreement (PPA) of 5 to 6 euro cents per kilowatt hour
The minimum prices thwart any kind of growth
so-called PPA projects would easily be economically viable here in Europe as well
Brussels is thinking according to a protectionist mind-set
This results in markets continuing to do badly
The money keeps flowing to the Asian solar panel producers
since they are still selling panels in Europe – just at higher minimum prices compared to the rest of the world
America has very interesting tax incentives that make it a lucrative option especially for large investors to put their money in photovoltaics
These ITCs were recently extended until 2020
and that pays off as far as capacity additions are concerned
The US is Jinko’s second largest market after China
we are planning to sell 2 gigawatts of capacity there
That depends a lot on how long the minimum price restrictions will stay in place
If the 30 percent cost reduction for solar panels I mentioned earlier was made possible
high feed-in tariffs would no longer be necessary
because then even larger projects would be economically viable – without expensive subsidies
Spain or France are developing these kinds of projects based on PPAs
All they are waiting for is the abolition of minimum prices
If combined with a little bit of support of storage solutions
this would result in substantial growth for Germany
Then I suppose we will have to face another year of market consolidation and without significant growth stimuli
The gap between Europe and the thriving non-European markets would get wider
And in the meantime we would have to deal with another problem that surely is not in the interest of the European market
Because of the EU’s minimum price restrictions
unless the EU Commission decides to adjust the price level
prices for Chinese solar panels never fluctuate
the prices of non-Chinese manufacturers have fallen considerably below the minimum price
German manufacturers are currently selling at around 10 to 15 percent lower than what is defined as a realistic market price
This should prove the accusations of price dumping levelled at Asian producers to be absolutely absurd
either Chinese or European suppliers have little incentive to lower prices as long as they are determined by the EU
Portugal and France we are on the verge of reaching grid parity
tariffs for solar electricity could fall as low as between 4 and 9 cents per kilowatt hour
an increasing number of markets are transitioning from achieving returns from feed-in tariffs to saving electricity by means of photovoltaics
The market share for storage solutions will increase across Europe
The new panels optimised for performance are clearly gaining in importance
because the intelligence of the system allows us to reach market segments and sites which would otherwise not be viable
Simply being able to equip partly shaded roofs and pieces of land with a higher density of panels opens up a large new market
Declining costs due to economies of scale may in the long run result in producing micro processor-equipped intelligent solar panels as the default option
we are focusing all our energies on our performance-optimised panels
which give us a competitive edge in the market segment of private and commercial rooftop installations – even with the high minimum prices in place
Our range of smart panels optimised using a variety of technologies allows us to stand out as the leading supplier of quality products
Our standard panel with 60 polycrystalline cells has a capacity of between 265 and 270 watts
and we can also put together a panel of 72 or 96 cells
these are only relevant in a commercial context
as handling the heavy panels can be difficult
The DC-optimised panels are more suitable for private installations and smaller roofs
The integrated electronics use about three to five watts per panel
We ship them at 260 to 265 watts of capacity
we also offer panels for strings with a system voltage of 1,500 volts
aimed at commercial installations and the utility market
we can also make panels from monocrystalline cells
Looking to stay on top of all relevant industry and business news? Click here to subscribe to our free twice-weekly pv Europe newsletter.
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causing traffic disruption and business closures
investigating the cause and reviewing safety protocols
A gas cylinder explosion rocked the tranquil port of Niendorf in Timmendorfer Strand
sending shockwaves—literally—through the community and beyond
While thankfully no one suffered serious injuries
the incident highlighted the potential dangers of improperly stored hazardous materials
even in seemingly idyllic tourist locations
resulted in at least nine people suffering from knalltrauma (sonic trauma) due to the force of the blast
One individual was transported to a hospital for treatment
The immediate response was swift and decisive
Authorities cordoned off a 300-meter radius around the port
impacting traffic on the B76 highway and local businesses
The presence of 17 additional gas cylinders
requiring the mobilization of approximately 90 emergency personnel
Firefighters used water cannons to cool the remaining cylinders to prevent further explosions
The B76 highway closure caused significant traffic delays between Eutin and Lübeck
experienced disruptions due to the evacuation
The bomb disposal service was called in to safely remove the remaining cylinders containing oxygen and acetylene
with authorities examining potential causes ranging from heat-related incidents to mechanical failure or human error
This incident underscores the importance of stringent safety protocols for handling and storing hazardous materials
especially in densely populated tourist areas
The investigation will focus on the storage conditions of the cylinders and adherence to safety regulations
The long-term impact on tourism remains to be seen
but swift action from authorities and the community's resilience are critical in restoring confidence
Stay tuned for updates as the investigation unfolds
This incident serves as a stark reminder of the importance of prioritizing safety in all environments
The exact cause of the gas cylinder explosion in Niendorf is still under investigation by German authorities
more details will be released regarding the source of the incident and what measures will be taken to prevent similar events in the future
Nine people suffered injuries consistent with sonic trauma as a result of the gas cylinder explosion
While the initial reports indicated only sonic trauma
further assessments may reveal other injuries
Sonic trauma refers to injuries caused by exposure to intense sound waves
Symptoms can range from temporary hearing loss and ringing in the ears (tinnitus) to more severe damage
depending on the intensity and duration of the exposure
Medical professionals are treating those injured in Niendorf
The explosion in Niendorf caused significant traffic disruption in the immediate area
with roads potentially closed or experiencing delays
Several businesses were also forced to close temporarily due to the incident and subsequent emergency response
Authorities are conducting a thorough investigation to determine the cause of the gas cylinder explosion and are reviewing safety protocols in the region to help prevent future incidents
emergency services are providing support to the victims and the wider community
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A sudden explosion shook the quiet port of Niendorf in the northern German municipality of Timmendorfer Strand on May 1
leaving several people injured and prompting a swift emergency response
Authorities have not yet confirmed the cause of the blast, but early reports suggest it may have involved a gas cylinder detonating within the port area, Caliber.Az reports, citing German media
The exact circumstances remain under investigation
The explosion occurred in Schleswig-Holstein
a federal state along Germany’s Baltic Sea coast
and emergency medical teams rushed to the scene and remain deployed as officials assess the situation and attend to the injured
The port of Niendorf in Timmendorfer Strand is currently sealed off after a gas cylinder explosion caused blast trauma injuries to several people. - NDR broadcaster https://t.co/cqJlIYBdo5
resulting in many people being injured.” The number of casualties has not been specified
scenic harbour typically used by fishing boats and leisure vessels
The tranquil setting was jolted into chaos as the blast disrupted the normally peaceful atmosphere
Emergency services are urging the public to avoid the area as investigations continue
STOCKTON — If the softball players in Friday's eighth annual Rivals Unite to Fight Breast Cancer tournament were unaware of who they were playing for
all they had to do was look toward the fans at the Arnaiz Softball Complex
All 12 teams from the Tri-City Athletic League and San Joaquin Athletic Association gathered for a common cause — to raise cancer awareness
The opening ceremonies honored those who have passed
"I'm playing for my dad," said West senior Shelby Weeks
passed away in 2013 from stage 4 colon cancer
I believe he's watching over me so I play my best for him."
sporting a large pink bow with the rest of her teammates
has an aunt who had a double-mastectomy but still living in the Bay Area
"It's a great thing that this tournament does," said Asbra
One of the tournament organizers is Stacey Balagey
who was recognized during the ceremonies as a survivor of two stomach cancers dating back to April 1
is a 2014 Bear Creek graduate who plays for Cal State Dominguez Hills
plays for the Bruins' junior varsity squad
but it's my passion to educate people that cancer is not always a death sentence," said Bagaley
"I love how this tournament educates the kids
"After I was diagnosed they presented me to the tumor board (of doctors)," Balagey said
'Make her comfortable.' They said I'd be dead by Christmas
I was willing to let them batter my body (with chemotherapy and radiation) for a year because I was a single mother who had a 9-month-old son."
Rivals Unite has raised more than $45,000 since its inception and Balagey said 100 percent of the net proceeds benefit cancer programs in San Joaquin County
Tracy senior Alee Balanon nearly hit for the cylcle with a pair of singles
Tracy's Rachel Cit also hit a 3-run home run
"It felt really good and it helped to get my confidence back," said Balanon
"I've been in a slump so it was nice to rally the team a little bit."
Tokay defeated Chavez 8-0 and Edison 30-6 as junior Stephanie Gonzales hit a pair of doubles and smashed a grand slam to lead the Tigers
Mikaela Leach hit a double for the Vikings while catcher Lisa Klaes contributed a single and an RBI
Lincoln junior Jessica Castellon drilled a one out
three-run walk off home run in the bottom of the sixth inning to rally the Trojans to a 7-5 victory over Bear Creek
The Bruins lost another heartbreaker giving up an 8-3 lead before Lodi rallied for an 11-8 victory
"I was thinking 'home run' " said Castellon
of her second home run this season and third of her career
I wanted to get a hit and get (the game) over with."
Lincoln got by Franklin 16-4 in the nightcap
Mary's downed Franklin 21-2 and blasted McNair 29-1 as Rams junior Taylor Mamola hit home runs in both wins
Mary's while Eagles junior Diamond Tennis hit a solo home run for McNair's only score
West beat Stagg 14-0 and then defeated Chavez 9-2
Developed by researchers at the Experimental and Clinical Research Centre (ECRC) in Berlin-Buch
the new technology will soon enable cardiac characterisation at tissue-level and promises to bring new insights into cardiac function and myocardial (patho-) physiology
Thus the research team developed an alternative method to trigger the MRI-scanner -- Acoustic Cardiac Triggering (ACT)
relatively new field of MR-application -- phonetics – discussing how to scan the larynx and movement of vocal folds,’ Prof
‘I came across the idea of using acoustic signals to detect motion.’ The researchers transferred this concept to cardiac MRI and began a collaboration with cardiologist Professor Jeanette Schulz-Menger
to examine the applicability and clinical efficacy of MR-Stethoscopes to cardiac MR at 7-T
The MR-Stethoscope consists of four elements: an acoustic sensor
signal processor and a coupler linked to the MRI system
Like the chest piece of a common stethoscope
when located on a patient’s chest the acoustic sensor registers cardiac sounds
In a specially developed procedure the acoustic signals are transformed into a trigger signal
The MR-Stethoscope is compatible with common MRI-scanners and does not need any hard- or software changes
A first clinical study (published: European Radiology online
12/09) showed proof of concept by comparing left ventricular function assessment using ECG and ACT triggered MR-Imaging at 1.5-T and 3-T
Schulz-Menger’s team studied the feasibility of acoustic triggering at 7-T
using a whole-body human MR scanner with an 8-channel transmit-system at the Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F)
They received exciting results: ‘We achieved reliable and accurate CINE images of the beating heart with sharp contours
the standard we know from MR-Imaging at lower magnet fields
Testing the different methods the failure rate with ECG-triggering at 1.5-T came to a negligible 5% but
the MR-Stethoscope eliminated those failure rates,’ said Prof
7-T scanners are still confined to research; they are not licensed for clinical routine
with the strength of about 1,500,000 times that of the earth’s magnetic field (between 30 to 60 micro-tesla) are currently too expensive for clinical use: the 7-T scanner at B.U.F.F
Schulz-Menger are convinced that their research will bring important knowledge of heart disease risks factors and disease processes – all of which could help to develop new diagnostic strategies and therapies
Medical imaging is no longer limited to diagnosis and evaluation
high resolution imaging systems enable very precise positioning of lasers
endoscopes and micro-instruments for surgery near…
but the variability of image acquisition protocols is a challenge for achieving consistent and reliable interpretation
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you can now stay in tiny hotel near Canoe Bay in Wisconsin
Tiny house builder ESCAPE has unveiled a tiny community in the peaceful nature resort
The development named Canoe Bay ESCAPE Village is the first of its kind offered in the Midwest
and large windows offering scenic views of private lakes and forests
The modern cabin-on-wheels features a cedar exterior with glass doors and light oak hardwood interior
More than 10,000 7-tesla MR research examinations are already performed globally
and there are an ever-growing number of reports eloquently speaking about moving ultrahigh-field MR (UHF-MR) into the clinic
The pace of discovery is heartening and a powerful motivator to transfer the lessons learned from UHF-MR research into the clinical scenario
These efforts are fueled by the quest for advancing the capabilities of diagnostic MRI
Momentum is gathering for multicenter trials
which will be enabled by increasingly robust and streamlined hardware and software platforms
The eye-opening quality of recent anatomical and functional images of the brain
and other anatomy have created excitement in the (bio)medical and diagnostic imaging communities
and have served as a driving force for application developments
it is no surprise that the feasibility of 7-tesla MRI is not limited to these applications
but can also be beneficial for musculoskeletal
The implications feed into a broad spectrum of MR physics
and other related fields of basic research and clinical science
the benefits of 7-tesla innovations are already being seen at 3 tesla
where the suboptimal copy and paste approach to protocol migration from 1.5 tesla is being supplanted by the sort of application-targeted redesign that is essential at UHF
Recognizing the pace and momentum of UHF-MR
the MR vendors committed that there is no U-turn on the tesla road
they are now driving with full throttle to set up the next generation of whole-body 7-tesla systems with CE certification or U.S
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval eventually looming on the horizon
One exciting development that is in the spotlight of current (pre)clinical research is that cutting-edge MR centers are exploiting UHF-MR not only for H-1 MRI but also for documenting the value of 7-tesla MRI for imaging x-nuclei such as carbon (C-13)
UHF-MR holds the promise to facilitate sodium imaging of the heart (see figure) with a spatial resolution commonly used for H-1 MR in today's clinical practice at lower fields.1
Early clinical applications of Na-23 MRI include but are not limited to the assessment of repair tissue quality following cartilage transplantation
Na-23 MRI at 7 tesla can also help to unlock questions regarding the Na+ balance and Na+ storage functions of skin,2 with the ultimate goal to provide imaging means for diagnostics and to guide treatment decisions in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases
The added value of P-31 MRS at ultrahigh-fields was recently eloquently reported for the differentiation between nonalcoholic benign liver disease and potentially progressive steatohepatitis
Pioneering reports demonstrated the capabilities of UHF-MR for probing myocardial high energy phosphate metabolism and revealed marked superiority of cardiac P-31 spectra at 7 tesla relative to 3 tesla
Probing phosphorylated metabolites with P-31 MR spectroscopy can be used for prostate cancer characterization at 7 tesla
The feasibility of F-19 MR of the knee (see figure) after epicutaneous application of a fluorine contained nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) was shown at 7 tesla.3 This important development contributes to the technological basis for the clinical assessment of biodistribution and bioavailability of F-19-containing medicinal compounds in vivo
An open-minded look reveals that MR at 7 tesla is not enough
the future of UHF-MR will not end at 7 tesla and the field is moving apace into this direction
The first pioneering reports on MR physics and radiofrequency (RF) power deposition considerations for MR at 10.5 tesla or even 14 tesla were released
The recent progress of probing the local concentrations of fluorine
and chlorine at 7 tesla provide convincing reasons for wide-bore magnets with B0 ≥ 7 tesla
This motivation spurred the installation of a 10.5-tesla whole-body MR system suitable for cardiac and body imaging at the Center for Magnetic Resonance Research
under the leadership of Dr. Kamil Ugurbil
An ongoing 11.7-tesla brain MRI initiative is spearheaded by Dr. Denis LeBihan (CEA
France) and by Dr. Jeff Duyn (National Institute of Health
there is intriguing news on potential future developments outlined in a report of the National Research Council dealing with high magnetic field science and its application.4
This report forwarded a call for a 20-tesla wide-bore MR system
a technical development inspired by the recent progress at 7 tesla as well as by the lessons learned from the design and safety evaluation of hybrid magnets running at 25-tesla.5
It is no surprise that unlocking the potential of 20 tesla is of paramount relevance for addressing spatial resolution constraints of today's MRI
In vivo MR microscopy at 20 tesla will amplify image detail
This gain will be essential for observing pathology way before the onset of clinical symptoms along with the capability of probing tissue microstructure
Twenty-tesla MRI is conceptually appealing for the pursuit of unraveling the human brain to push the envelope at the border between (bio)physics and neuroscience
H-1 human MR at 20 tesla might be challenging
the frequencies of most x-nuclei at 20 tesla are below the H-1 resonance frequency at 7 tesla
This makes technology established for H-1 MR at 7 tesla ideal candidates to be fine-tuned for heteronuclear MR at 20 tesla
the sensitivity gain at 20 tesla is expected to reduce scan times for P-31 and Na-23 by almost an order of magnitude versus today's 7.0-tesla capabilities
it promises sodium MR with a submillimeter spatial resolution in 5-10 minutes scan time
and offers the potential for probing the heart with P-31 spectroscopy in clinically acceptable scan times versus today's groundbreaking studies using scan durations of approximately two hours
The inescapability of magnetic field strength larger than 7 tesla is highlighted by recent explorations into targeted radiofrequency heating that perhaps forms an enabling platform to advance MR thermo-theranostics.6 At 23.5 tesla
higher RF frequencies (1 GHz) result in a wavelength in brain tissue of about 4.5 cm
allowing for a more localized targeted RF heating approach versus 7 tesla
While this might feel like utopia at first glance
a recent report underlined the potential of targeted RF heating at 1 GHz (23.5-tesla) for localized RF hyperthermia of intracranial lesions or for adjunct cancer therapy
Other applications could include targeted contrast agent
or stem cell delivery afforded by local RF heating
One could even conduct a "gedankenexperiment" (thought experiment) where targeted RF heating driven by multitransmit extreme high-field MR (EHF-MR) technology is used for RF ablation versus today's invasive intracardiac catheter ablation for the pursuit of curing atrial fibrillation and other cardiac diseases
Bringing these interventions and therapies into the clinic remains an extraordinary technical challenge
but a story worth following en route to human MRI at 20 tesla
Dr. Thoralf Niendorf is professor and chair for Experimental Ultrahigh Field Magnetic Resonance at Charité - University Medicine Berlin and the director of the Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.) at the Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine
The comments and observations expressed herein do not necessarily reflect the opinions of AuntMinnieEurope.com
nor should they be construed as an endorsement or admonishment of any particular vendor
Mark Shiraishi of Dorn Niendorf’s Pro Shop in Napa Bowl
Mark Shiraishi said he’s been bowling since he was 8 years old
“I remember him going every Wednesday night” to play at the Golden Gate Lanes in El Cerrito
Shiraishi is the proprietor of Dorn Niendorf’s Pro Shop
the bowling shop that recently relocated to Napa Bowl
originally co-owned by Shiraishi and the late Dorn Niendorf
used to be inside Kentwig Lanes in Vallejo
and Shiraishi was subsequently invited to lease a small space inside Napa Bowl
Owning a bowling pro shop isn’t about making tons of money
who lives in Richmond and commutes to Napa
“I could be making more money as a union carpenter
The bowling centers are disappearing one by one
It’s big back East but bowling has died out on the West Coast
The real estate is worth more than the business
A huge thing that’s changed for us is the Internet
That’s another reason why you don’t see as many pro shops
I like that it’s family owned and not corporation owned
they installed new LED lights in the pin decks
Now they are able to change the color of the pins
which is good because they are the future of bowling
What’s a common misconception you get about your shop
A professional average would be in the 230s
Who do you most admire in the business world
If you could change one thing about your business/industry
Higher pricing has forced many bowlers out of the game
Dorn Niendorf’s Pro Shop is located at 494 Soscol Ave
Email notifications are only sent once a day
Friends and family of Berryessa's Turtle Rock bar collected the money pined to the ceiling of the cafe to donate to UCSF and celebrate the 15-year 'cancerversary' of Elijah Leung
Take a ride around Napa on these motorized ADA-compliant scooters made to look like various critters and creatures
Most of Napa’s River Park Shopping Center tenants cater to locals
Now a handful of tenants have left the center
The sheriff's office reported seizing 13 roosters from a Carneros site where it said the birds were altered and trained to fight other male birds
Take a good look at Napa’s Kohl’s building
Developers have asked the city of Napa for permission to demolish the building at 1116 First St
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Australia's best free military news site
Share the post "Technician helps bust drug smugglers"
The most rewarding part of Leading Seaman Kacey Niendorf’s deployment to the Middle East on HMAS Ballarat is helping to disrupt the flow of illegal drugs
CAPTION: Royal Australian Navy Leading Seaman Kacey Neindorf on board HMAS Ballarat
The electronics technician is a member of one of the warship’s three boarding-party teams that have made five drug interdictions on their current deployment
“It’s a good feeling to seize their narcotics before it is able to be used to finance terrorism,” Leading Seaman Niendorf said
Leading Seaman Niendorf maintains the ships advanced missile systems
navigation and radar surveillance equipment
“Communications is a big part of daily life
“My role helps maintain the systems that allow Ballarat to communicate with other ships and Navy establishments
“I also maintain the new wi-fi system that we now use to make video calls and communicate with family and friends back home.”
Leading Seaman Niendorf said life on a deployed warship could get busy and required the ship’s company to look out for each other
“Maintaining a healthy work-life balance is important
“It’s a long deployment and if you don’t take care of yourself you’ll end up burnt out and not a nice person to be around
“Lucky there’s a lot of good people to sit and have a chat to if you’re having a low day,” she said
you don’t always get along with everyone but you know when the time comes
there will always be someone there to lend a hand or an ear.”
Leading Seaman Neindorf is from Secret Harbour in Western Australia
She joined the Navy almost eight years ago and has served on HMAS Success and Warramunga
She has previously served on Operation Resolute
the Australian Defence Force’s contribution to protect Australia’s borders and offshore maritime interests
HMAS Ballarat is an Australian warship deployed on Operation Manitou
which is the Australian Defence Force’s contribution to international efforts to promote maritime security
stability and prosperity in the Middle East region
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Dom Joly is Leading Britain's Conversation
A phenomenon known as 'Rare Steve' lit up skies across the UK on Monday night
with stargazers across the north of England and Scotland graced with the most vibrant views
Steve is often confused with the tradition aurora - or 'Northern Lights' - and its last appearance was reported back in March 2024 and spotted across the Shetland Islands in 2021
Steve rarely appears in UK skies - and when spotted
Steve - short for Strong Thermal Emission Velocity Enhancement - returned to UK skies across Scotland and the north-east England on Monday
Steve appears as a purple and green light ribbon that stretches across the sky
The light display only appears in conjunction with a traditional aurora
The difference between Steve and a traditional aurora lies in its shape
Read more: Northern Lights could put on 'breathtaking' display in UK this weekend - and where's best to see them
Read more: Heavy rain to batter England and Wales as Met Office issues yellow thunderstorm warning
The phenomenon tends to only last around 20 minutes to an hour before disappearing entirely
Steve gained its name in 2016 following a US citizen science project funded by Nasa and the National Science Foundation
The inspiration is thought to have hailed from animated movie Over the Hedge
with a group of animals chancing upon the awe-inspiring phenomenon - a big garden hedge
"What is this thing?" one creature says aloud
"I'd be a lot less afraid of it if I just knew what it was called," says another
before a squirrel suggests calling the phenomenon Steve
And if you missed last night's display
stargazers are likely to be able to catch the aurora itself once again across UK skies on Tuesday evening
The light show could be seen across the northern hemisphere on Monday night
with stargazers as far away as the US and Canada snapping the light display
the aurora itself could be seen as far south as Buckinghamshire
Little is known about the formation of Steve itself
with questions remaining as to why it only appear during an aurora display
Northumberland lighthouse left astounded by the Northern Lights 😲 pic.twitter.com/Sc0RUeqSR7
The timing of the aurora and Steve come after solar winds sent charged particles towards Earth over the weekend
The lights are expected to be visible over the coming nights across the UK
with areas of the North likely to receive more vibrant displays
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– Two students from Osceola Fundamental High School have been arrested by the Pinellas County Sheriff’s Office for making written threats to kill or conduct a mass shooting
15-year-old Bryce Niendorf sent a photograph of himself via Snapchat to 17-year-old David Bolinger
“I just wanna shoot Osceola Fundamental Highschool up.”
Bolinger took a screenshot of the Snapchat message and did not report the incident
Bolinger reposted Niendorf’s Snapchat message
adding to it “Happy Bday” and then posted it to his own Snapchat account
Read: St. Petersburg Man Wins $1 Million From Florida Lottery Scratch-Off
who admitted to reposting the threat because it was Niendorf’s birthday
Detectives then made contact with Niendorf
who admitted to sending the original Snapchat threat to Bolinger
Both Niendorf and Bolinger were arrested and charged with Written Threats to Kill or Conduct a Mass Shooting
Update: This article has been updated to make clear who sent the original threat via Snapchat
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