The Chinese investor has big plans for the Parchim airport which is located half way between Hamburg and Berlin With an unrestricted night flight clearance Parchim should not only become an international aviation hub in the freight sector – there are also ambitious projects for the passenger area en route Losberger Modular Systems delivered a hall complex with a total area of approx 2.650 m² which consists of five jointed Losberger Transfer-Express halls Type 2016 and one Transfer-Express hall Type 2012 This building has everything that is required for an international airport: Waiting areas and customs controls for three gates this project demonstrates the advantages of the Losberger steel halls: appropriate for public traffic without any further linings and with options for an easy expansion for increased passenger volume Parchim Airport is well prepared for the future Download Brochure: Airport Capacity Solutions Some of the influential women leading Ozaukee County restaurants include (left to right): Amy Ferrante-Gollwitzer owner and operator of Ferrante’s Restaurant & Signature Catering; Barkha Daily the baaree and the Daily Taco & Cantina; BJ Homayouni professor at Concordia University and owner of the Union House Cedarburg; and Katie Parchim with John’s Pizzaria in Port Washington Editor’s note: this is the second on a two-part series on celebrating women in tourism Women’s History Month was established in 1987 to celebrate the contributions of women to events in history and contemporary society Restaurants have always played an essential role in the economic social and artistic life of a thriving society They remain at the heart of American life — small businesses dedicated not just to providing food and drink employing local residents and fulfilling the basic human need for connection the Ozaukee County Tourism Board was asked to share the stories of a few of the women strengthening our neighborhoods and shaping our communities through their very local businesses Barkha Daily has been successful establishing three outstanding restaurants and bar locations in Thiensville a popular and unique restaurant and art deco bar an outdoor patio bar serving food and featuring entertainment in 2018; and the Daily Taco & Cantina in 2020 Daily was motivated to open the cheel because she wanted to bring unique foods from different cultures to the eager and receptive diners in the area Nepalese and Himalayan fare were featured on the menu and the cheel quickly grew into a destination restaurant Daily continued her mission of offering a special experience with authentic food from other cultures with each of the businesses she launched Daily finds it particularly rewarding when she sees delighted guests’ eyebrows raise indicating a newfound appreciation of food that is outside of their regular diet She is proud that she and her family have been able to provide memorable experiences that can’t be found anywhere else She also delights in seeing her team members learn and grow within the restaurant or following and achieving their dreams outside of it Daily’s hardest time and biggest challenge was when her restaurant burned down in November of 2020 just as she was establishing Daily Taco & Cantina The restaurant was in a restored historic building that Daily and her husband Jesse had renovated She said the hardest part of the fire was the impact the loss of the business had on her employees Her strength and perseverance are evident as the cheel is in the process of being rebuilt you have driven by — and hopefully visited — John’s Pizzaria located at the north edge of the Lumberyard Katie Parchim started working at John’s Pizzaria in Port Washington 45 years ago alongside her father and stepmother and now owns their second location in Grafton Parchim has immersed herself in the community and has become incredibly involved in the outdoor summer concerts Parchim pointed out that her greatest joy is the people she has met on her journey we are blessed to have the fourth generation of an Ozaukee County family coming through our restaurant.' Parchim mentioned two recessions and COVID as some of her greatest challenges at John’s Pizzaria as they were not only hard for business but for her personnel 'Everyone struggled during these times,' she explained 'Our restaurant was hit hard but so were so many other families Amy Ferrante-Gollwitzer is the owner and operator of Ferrante’s Restaurant & Signature Catering The cozy neighborhood restaurant located in Mequon was established in 1977 has been serving southeastern Wisconsin for more than 100 years The popular restaurant serves delicious Italian American food and more The business has flourished under her management She added to the business by offering extensive Ferrante-Gollwitzer said she took over the family business primarily because her grandmother and mother expected it Her greatest success so far was the addition of catering services Like many restaurants her greatest challenge was navigating through the COVID shutdown Dee Zeqiri and her husband Terry put months of hard work into the Luxembourg Café in Belgium Despite opening during the height of the pandemic in 2021 Zeqiri is incredibly hardworking but always takes the time to give her guests a warm smile and make sure they know she is genuinely happy to see them It is clear from the impact she has had in the small community of Belgium that the feeling is mutual You’ll be hard pressed to find a harder working woman than Cedarburg’s BJ Homayouni Before retiring from Festivals of Cedarburg last year Homayouni was juggling three jobs — as executive director of Festivals as an adjunct professor teaching event management and hospitality courses at Concordia University and as owner of the Union House Cedarburg Handing over the Festivals of Cedarburg reins didn’t make Homayouni any less busy She still teaches several classes a semester at Concordia and then spends afternoons and evenings — often late evenings — in the kitchen at the Union House where she and her husband Payman share the duties as head chef in their family business Where once she was coordinating giant pumpkin boat races and navigating the busy streets of Cedarburg on a moped Homayouni is now spending her days perusing food trends and trying out recipes on friends and family members I thought restaurants found their ‘thing’ and that was it Even if our customers don’t get bored with our offerings So we’re always trying new things — introducing new small plates or adding new craft cocktails that our bartenders build from fresh ingredients right down to making our own sodas and seltzers Every time a customer walks in — whether they are a regular or they’ve never been here before — we want them to discover something new.' In honor of Women’s History Month please help us celebrate these and the other women in our county who contribute to the growth and development of tourism For information on tourism in Ozaukee County com and follow the Ozaukee County Tourism Facebook page On behalf of the Ozaukee County Tourism Council thank you for helping to make Ozaukee County a wonderful place for all to live Becca Weber and her daughter Keala Sullivan Editor’s note: This is the second on a two-part series on celebrating women in tourism Women’s History Month was established in 1987 to celebrate the contributions of women to events in history and contemporary society. Read part one here we are blessed to have the fourth generation of an Ozaukee County family coming through our restaurant." SIGN UP "Everyone struggled during these times," she explained "Our restaurant was hit hard but so were so many other families Every time a customer walks in — whether they are a regular or they’ve never been here before — we want them to discover something new." In honor of Women’s History Month For information on tourism in Ozaukee County, go to www.ozaukeetourism.com and follow the Ozaukee County Tourism Facebook page 10 things to know this week from the WOW counties (Waukesha Ozaukee and Washington) sent on Sundays Get the latest Ozaukee County news delivered Tuesday and Thursdays so you don't miss out on updates Have Ozaukee County breaking news alerts sent to your inbox as they happen Your browser is out of date and potentially vulnerable to security risks.We recommend switching to one of the following browsers: Mercedes-Benz has delivered all 45 electric buses on order with the public transit company VLP in the northeast of Germany Verkehrsgesellschaft Ludwigslust-Parchim (VLP) has now taken delivery of the last 15 vehicles of a significant order placed in 2019 The project to procure electric buses for the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania with 45 vehicles for Verkehrsgesellschaft Ludwigslust-Parchim (VLP) and two vehicles for Rostocker Straßenbahn AG (RSAG) started with corresponding funding notices being handed over in December 2019 Mercedes expected to fulfil the order by late 2022 with the Corona crisis and Russia’s war in Ukraine still unpredictable at the end of 2019 the minimal delay into 2023 is hardly worth mentioning According to the Daimler Truck announcement a batch of 15 eCitaro was handed over to VLP to complete the order The battery-electric vehicles in yellow and green livery use batteries totalling 378 kWh and offer two charging plug positions on the right above the front axle and in the rear based in Hagenow near the state capital Schwerin supports the deployment through a decentralized organization: 49 charging stations will be installed at twelve operating locations VLP has opted for the so-called rough-road chassis with “increased angle of approach and departure for challenging terrain,” writes Daimler since VLP had already received batches of the e-buses earlier the company can look back at real-life ranges Their practical experience with the first two tranches of 15 buses each “matches the expectations,” so the statement The eCitaro range sometimes exceeds 300 kilometres in everyday operation and still returns to the depot with a remaining battery capacity of approx This means that the estimated mileage of around 50,000 to 60,000 kilometres per year is achievable “The flexibility of our eCitaro is always amazing,” adds Mirko Sgodda Marketing and Customer Services Daimler Buses “We are delighted that it can even prove its strengths as an inter-city bus with tailor-made equipment and a sophisticated deployment concept at the Ludwigslust-Parchim transport company.” Ludwigsburg-Parchim is the second-largest district in Germany VLP currently serves 172 routes with around 200 buses translates to nearly one electric bus per every four buses by VLP VLP is the first transport company in Germany to switch to electric buses on a large scale in rural areas daimlertruck.com electrive has been following the development of electric mobility with journalistic passion and expertise since 2013 we offer comprehensive coverage of the highest quality — as a central platform for the rapid development of this technology 2022 at 5:02 pm CT.css-79elbk{position:relative;}All three residents were taken to the DuPage County Jail after they were arrested IL — Three Elmhurst residents were arrested on charges of domestic violence in the last few days All three were taken to the DuPage County Jail Here is information from the police reports: Police report information is provided by local police departments They are a record of police actions on a given day and persons charged with a crime are presumed innocent until proven guilty in court Get more local news delivered straight to your inbox. Sign up for free Patch newsletters and alerts. This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks The action you just performed triggered the security solution There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page Parchim: SPIE is working with the UKA Group on behalf of WEMAG Netz GmbH to plan and install a transformer station fed by various renewable energy facilities in the region The transformer station is just one of many infrastructure projects under way in the Parchim region helping to advance the transition to renewable energies The transformer station is scheduled to be commissioned in spring 2024 which makes it one of the key regions earmarked for the expansion of renewable energies in north-east Germany For the electricity to be transmitted from here to consumers the voltage first needs to be increased at a transformer station WEMAG Netz GmbH decided to pool all the power generated by various facilities in the region at one transformer station The different sources of power presented a challenge in the design and implementation of the electrical systems planning and implementing the transformer station in Vietlübbe within a tight time frame represent an ambitious assignment for our team we find it helpful that we had already taken on the whole primary planning process which means that we are very familiar with the site and its requirements,” explains Hannes Weinreich Berlin-based sales manager at the Schaltanlagenbau business unit of the High Voltage operational division at SPIE Deutschland & Zentraleuropa “We impose strict requirements on the design of the transformer station and its integration in the existing WEMAG Netz GmbH distribution grid,” says Thomas Heinke the project manager responsible for the project at WEMAG Projektentwicklung GmbH has been working closely with the UKA Group for years on the operational management of the project developer’s wind power transformer stations the primary planners demonstrated their extensive knowledge first leading to the contract for all aspects of the electrical system being awarded to SPIE we are fortunately able to provide the required capacities in Vietlübbe so that we can once again contribute to a very ambitious project supporting the energy transition,” says Hannes Simon head of Schaltanlagenbau in Berlin at SPIE Deutschland & Zentraleuropa New electricity deal and planned gas pipeline aim to ease Syria’s energy crisis with 400 kV line and 6 million m3 of gas daily from Turkey Christian Bruch visits Baghdad to formalise agreement aimed at potentially adding 14 GW to Iraq’s energy capacity through infrastructure upgrades Xcel Energy will build a 280-km transmission line linking clean energy from southwest Minnesota to over 1 million homes across the Upper Midwest © 2013-2025 | All Rights Reserved MERIT MEDIA INT Home » Russian Navy Warship Collides With Merchant Ship In Baltic A Russian Navy frigate has collided with a merchant ship in the entrance to the Baltic this morning The collision has been confirmed by the Danish Ministry of Defense According to reports (in Danish) the Russian warship is believed to be the 311 Kazanets a Project 1331M Parchim Class light frigate does not appear to have been transmitting on AIS (Automated Information system) The naval ship struck the Ice Rose (IMO: 8311106) a 12,401 ton (gross) reefer carrying refrigerated containers The merchant ship is now at anchor south of the Øresund Bridge which spans the entrance to the Baltic Visibility poor, view from bridge webcams when Kola passed under bridge. pic.twitter.com/8uN6upYbdp According to data from MarineTraffic several law enforcement pilot and rescue vessels are in attendance These include the Danish Navy’s Diana-class patrol vessel HDMS Najaden (P523) and the Swedish rescue vessel Elsa Johansson Since publishing this article, the Russian Navy warship has been confirmed as 311 Kazanets. The warship, together with another Parchim Class corvette, can be seen in this Sentinel satellite image taken later in the day (identified by Frank Bottema) Naval News brings you news coverage of the latest naval defense shows & events We are also reporting on naval technology from all over the world Comprehending the sacrifices made by our veterans is difficult for those who haven't served the circumstances associated with their death may make it even more painful for family and friends a radio operator and gunner on an American bomber over Germany exactly one month before the surrender of German forces ended the war in Europe It was only three weeks before Adolph Hitler killed himself in a bunker in Berlin some 15,000 feet over Germany in an American bomber – dubbed the Happy Warrior – tasked with dropping incendiary bombs on an enemy target at Parchim one of the incendiary clusters reportedly broke apart and struck (the Happy Warrior) The aircraft burst into flames immediately.” a Grand Forks County resident who doubled as gunner in addition to his radio operator duties a day set aside “to thank and honor all those who served honorably in the military – in wartime or peacetime,” according to the U.S Don’t confuse Veterans Day with Memorial Day; the former is meant to honor and thank all living veterans for their service while the latter (held in late May) is set aside to remember those who died in service of their country the Herald has used this space to profile a veteran – on Memorial Day and Veterans Day alike – who has made the ultimate sacrifice on our behalf We know Veterans Day is meant to honor the living but we still believe it’s important to remind residents of the real sacrifices that many veterans make — the very sacrifice that all veterans are indeed prepared to make thank a veteran for his or her service – no matter what they did where they served or how long they wore the uniform Remember that every single veteran began their military service without knowing where they would end up and whether they would even make it home the United States most definitely would not be the country that it is today Das ausgebüxte Känguru "Skippy" wurde seit Anfang des Jahres gesucht Nun ist es in Lüdersdorf bei Neukloster wieder aufgetaucht und konnte eingefangen werden Der Eigentümer des Kängurus ist Jens Kohlhaus aus Sternberger Burg bei Sternberg (Landkreis Ludwigslust-Parchim) Zuletzt wurde Skippy Ende März zwischen den Orten Sülten und Sagsdorf gesichtet "Skippy" sei am Donnerstag von einem Mann in Lüdersdorf (Landkreis Nordwestmecklenburg) eingefangen worden Nun befindet sich das Känguru in der Pferdebucht des Mannes und der Eigentümer des Ausreißers ist informiert worden Ob das Känguru schon an seinen Besitzer übergeben wurde und wo es sich in den mehr als sechs Monaten herumgetrieben hat Metrics details Although Lands’ cycle was discovered in 1958 its function and cellular regulation in membrane homeostasis under physiological and pathological conditions remain largely unknown Nonbiased high throughput metabolomic profiling revealed that Lands’ cycle was impaired leading to significantly elevated erythrocyte membrane lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC) content and circulating and erythrocyte arachidonic acid (AA) in mice with sickle cell disease (SCD) Correcting imbalanced Lands’ cycle by knockdown of phospholipase 2 (cPLA2) or overexpression of lysophosphatidycholine acyltransferase 1 (LPCAT1) two key enzymes of Lands’ cycle in hematopoietic stem cells reduced elevated erythrocyte membrane LysoPC content and circulating AA levels and attenuated sickling inflammation and tissue damage in SCD chimeras Human translational studies validated SCD mouse findings and further demonstrated that imbalanced Lands’ cycle induced LysoPC production directly promotes sickling in cultured mouse and human SCD erythrocytes we revealed that hypoxia-mediated ERK activation underlies imbalanced Lands’ cycle by preferentially inducing the activity of PLA2 but not LPCAT in human and mouse SCD erythrocytes our studies have identified a pathological role of imbalanced Lands’ cycle in SCD erythrocytes novel molecular basis regulating Lands’ cycle and therapeutic opportunities for the disease overall membrane specific lipid alteration in sickle erythrocytes its in vivo pathological role and the mechanism causing changes of sickle erythrocyte membrane lipid composition are undetermined Here using nonbiased high throughput metabolomic profiling we found a substantial increase in the concentration of LysoPLs in erythrocytes and AA in the circulation of SCD mice These findings immediately suggest that Lands’ cycle in SCD erythrocytes is impaired we conducted both mouse and human studies to systemically address a central question of role and mechanisms of alterations of PLs in SCD with a goal to identify pathogenic alterations in Lands’ cycle in this hemolytic disorder Metabolomic screening of mouse whole blood and plasma in WT and SCD mice (a) Heat map showing the alteration of metabolite concentration of 8 groups (including amino acids peptides and xenobiotics) shades of green and red represent an increase and decrease in metabolite concentration respectively; relative to the median metabolite level (see color scale) (b) Summary of significant altered metabolites in SCD mice compared to WT mice (c) Z-score quantification of lipids detected in whole blood and plasma of both WT and SCD Tg mice (n = 4–6) lysophospholipids were the most significantly elevated in whole blood of SCD Tg mice compared with that in WT mice (n = 6) AA was elevated in both plasma and whole blood of SCD Tg mice (n = 4–6) (d) Profiling of Lysophospholipids and AA detected in whole blood and plasma of both control and SCD Tg mice (n = 4–6) q-value is a measure of false discovery rate Biochemical analyses revealed increased lysophosphatidylcholine levels in the erythrocytes and increased arachidonic acid in plasma and erythrocytes of SCD mice due to imbalanced Lands’ cycle the ratio of LysoPC/PC (c) and the percentage of LysoPC/PL (d) in erythrocyte membrane preparations from control and SCD Tg mice (e,f) Plasma and erythrocyte AA levels were significantly increased in SCD Tg mice compared to that of controls (g) PLA2 activity was measured in the erythrocytes from control and SCD Tg mice SEM; n = 10 per group *P < 0.05 versus controls (h) LPCAT activity was detected in the erythrocytes from control and SCD Tg mice (i,j) PLA2 activity (i) and LPCAT activity (j) were measured in purified mature erythrocytes and reticulocytes from SCD Tg mice Data are expressed as Mean ± SEM; n = 5 in each group (k) Imbalanced Lands’ cycle favored the production of LysoPC generation from PC due to overly active PLA2s compared to LPCAT activity in SCD erythrocytes PLA2s hydrolyze PC to release LysoPC and AA while LPCAT catalyzes the reacylation at the sn -2 position of LysoPC into PC by using acyl-CoA these results indicated that cPLA2 is the main type of PLA2 functioning in mouse sickle erythrocytes the results of functional activity and protein expression led us to conclude that cPLA2 and LPCAT1 are two major components of Lands’ cycle functioning in sickle mouse erythrocytes shRNA specific knockdown of cPLA2 in HSCs of BMT SCD chimeras attenuated sickling (a) Schematic flow of mouse treatment strategy and experimental procedure the ratio of LysoPC/PC (e) and the percentage of LysoPC/PL (f) were quantified in the erythrocytes from SCD chimeras mice with scrambled shRNA or cPLA2 shRNA (g) Circulating AA was significantly decreased in SCD chimeras with specific cPLA2 knockdown (h) Percentages of sickled cells and reticulocytes were significantly reduced in the SCD chimeras with HSC-specific cPLA2 knockdown (i–l) cPLA2 knockdown in HSCs of BMT SCD chimeras decreased plasma hemoglobin levels (i) prostaglandin E2 (k) and reduced circulating IL-6 (l) Values shown represent the mean ± SEM (n = 5–7) livers and lungs of SCD chimeras with HSC-specific cPLA2 knockdown and controls *P < 0.05 versus SCD chimeras with BMCs infected with recombinant lentivirus encoding scrambled shRNA these quasi-genetic studies using cPLA2 knockdown in BMT SCD chimeras provide strong evidence that elevated cPLA2 activity contributes to sickling and subsequent hemolysis likely by causing LysoPC production in erythrocytes of SCD mice we demonstrated that knockdown of BM-derived cell cPLA2 leads to decreased erythrocyte cPLA2 activity and in turn reduces circulating AA and chronic inflammation specific knockdown of cPLA2 in BMCs of SCD mice led us to conclude that elevated erythrocyte cPLA2 is a pathogenic factor to induce sickling inflammation and tissue damage by inducing erythrocyte LysoPC production and circulating AA levels Overexpression of LPCAT1 in HSCs of BMT SCD chimeras attenuates sickling the ratio of LysoPC/PC (d) and the percentage of LysoPC/PL (e) were quantified in the erythrocytes from SCD chimeras with overexpression of LPCAT1 or control vector (f) Overexpression of LPCAT1 in HSCs of BMT SCD chimeras significantly decreased plasma AA levels (g) Percentages of sickle cells and reticulocytes were significantly reduced in the SCD chimeras overexpressing LPCAT1 in HSCs (h–k) Overexpression of LPCAT1 in HSCs decreased plasma hemoglobin (h) prostaglandin E2 (j) and IL-6 (k) levels in SCD chimeras Values shown represent the mean ± SEM (n = 6) (l) Hematoxylin and eosin stain shows histological changes in spleen liver and lung tissues of SCD chimeras 16 weeks after BMT *P < 0.05 versus SCD chimeras with BMCs infected with recombinant lentivirus packaging control vector Lysophosphatidylcholine directly promotes hypoxia-induced sickling in cultured primary SCD mouse erythrocytes and hypoxia preferentially induces PLA2 but not LPCAT via MEK/ERK signaling (a) Representative blood smears following treatment of blood from SCD Tg mice with Methanol (vehicle) or different concentration of LysoPC (2.5 μM 5 μM and 10 μM as indicated) under 4% oxygen condition for 2 hours Data were represented as the mean percentage of sickle cells ± SEM *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 versus cultured SCD erythrocytes treated with DMSO or methanol (c,d) PLA2 activity (c) and LPCAT activity (d) were measured in the cultured SCD mouse erythrocytes following 2 hours under normal air or 4% oxygen conditions *P < 0.05 versus SCD mouse erythrocytes under normoxic condition (e) PLA2 activity was measured in primary cultured SCD mouse erythrocytes treated with DMSO MEK inhibitors PD98059 (20 μM) and U0126 (10 μM) PKA inhibitor H-89 (10 μM) and AMPK inhibitor compound C (10 μM) under 4% oxygen condition for 2 hours PLA2 activity in SCD erythrocytes treated with DMSO under normoxic condition was used as a basal control (f) Quantification of blood smear analysis of cultured SCD mouse erythrocytes treated with DMSO or two different MEK inhibitors Data are represented as the mean percentages of sickle cells ± SEM (n = 5) *P < 0.05 versus SCD mouse erythrocytes treated with DMSO under normoxia **P < 0.05 relative to DMSO-treated group under hypoxia condition These findings revealed that MEK/ERK signaling is a key mechanism underlying hypoxia-induced PLA2 activation and subsequently sickling in mouse erythrocytes Imbalanced Lands’ cycles is seen in SCD patients and contributes to hypoxia-induced sickling by preferentially inducing PLA2 activity in MEK/ERK-dependent manner (a,b) Measurement of PLA2 activity (a) and LPCAT activity (b) in the erythrocytes from healthy volunteers (control the ratio of LysoPC/PC (e) and the percentage of LysoPC/PL (f) were quantified in the erythrocytes of controls and individuals with SCD (g) Quantification of blood smear of human SCD erythrocytes treated with DMSO or different dosage of cPLA2 inhibitors CI-976 under 4% oxygen condition for 2 hours (h) Quantification of blood smears of human SCD erythrocytes treated with methanol (vehicle) or different concentrations of LysoPC under 4% oxygen conditions for 2 hours (i) Measurement of PLA2 activity in human SCD erythrocytes treated with DMSO or two different MEK inhibitors PD98059 (20 μM) and U0126 (10 μM) under hypoxic condition (j) Quantification of blood smear analysis of human SCD erythrocytes treated with DMSO or two different MEK inhibitors Data are represented as the mean percentages of sickled cells ± SEM (n = 6) *P < 0.05 versus SCD Tg mice treated with DMSO under normoxia (k) Working Model: hypoxia preferentially induced elevation of activity of erythrocyte cPLA2 but not LPACT1 via MEK/ERK signaling cascade results in increased generation of erythrocyte LysoPLs and free fatty acids in particular LysoPC and AA and subsequently increased release of AA to the circulation in SCD increased erythrocyte membrane LysoPC and deoxygenated HbS work together to promote sickling elevated circulating AA leads to increased production of multiple inflammatory mediators including leukotrienes and prostaglandins imbalanced erythrocyte Lands’ cycle-mediated elevated LysoPC and AA are pathogenic to induce sickling correcting impaired Lands’ cycle is a novel therapeutic approach for SCD management we identified that cPLA2 and LPCAT are two major components of Lands’ cycle functioning in erythrocytes of SCD patients and that elevated LPCAT is insufficient to repair LysoPC generated by the overly active cPLA2 resulting in an imbalanced Lands’ cycle we revealed that impaired Lands’ cycle underlies the elevation of lysoPC and contributes to hypoxia-induced sickling by inducing cPLA2 in a MEK/ERK-dependent manner in SCD patients Although Lands’ cycle was discovered nearly six decades ago the functional role and cellular regulation of Lands’ cycle under physiological and pathological conditions are poorly understood Using a nonbiased high-throughput metabolomic screen we determined that an imbalanced erythrocyte Lands’ cycle contributes to sickling a central pathogenic process of SCD in both humans and mice by promoting the accumulation of LysoPC in sickle erythrocytes Correcting the imbalance of Lands’ cycle by knockdown of cPLA2 or overexpression of LPACT1 in HSCs of BMT SCD chimeras significantly attenuates sickling inflammation and multiple tissue damage by reducing erythrocyte membrane LysoPC content and circulating AA we revealed that hypoxia preferentially inducing cPLA2 activity but not LPCAT1 a previously unrecognized causative factor underlying imbalanced Lands’ cycle in SCD erythrocytes of humans and mice We further discovered that MEK1/ERK is a key signaling cascade responsible for hypoxia-induced cPLA2 activity in SCD erythrocytes our studies have identified a pathological role of imbalanced erythrocyte Lands’ cycle in SCD revealed the molecular basis regulating Lands’ cycle and immediately provided novel therapeutic possibilities for the disease we provide both human and mouse evidence for the pathological role and regulatory mechanism of imbalanced Lands’ cycle in the process of sickling Our findings also identified multiple therapeutic targets to treat and prevent sickling our findings revealed pathogenic nature of impaired erythrocyte Lands’ cycle in SCD and immediately provide new therapeutic possibilities for multiple types of hemolytic disorders facing hypoxia The SCD Tg mice were produced by breeding homozygous males with heterozygous female mice C57BL/6 mice used as controls were purchased from Harlan Animal care was in accordance with the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston and NIH guidelines Research protocols were reviewed and approved by the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Animal Welfare Committee A standard curve was generated by linear regression analysis of the ratio between primary standard peak area and internal standard peak area plotted versus the amount of primary standard approximately 7 ml blood was withdrawn from forearm veins of normal individuals and SCD patients 3 ml blood was collected in three 1.5 ml tubes containing sodium heparin and mixed well Packed erythrocytes were stored at −80 °C for phospholipid isolation and quantification and for PLA2 and LPCAT activity measurement (see below) An additional 4 ml of blood was collected with EDTA as an anti-coagulant and used for morphological study complete blood count (CBC) and hemoglobin electrophoresis Mouse blood was collected similar to human blood as described above except for smaller volumes 90% Percoll was made by mixing 90 ml of Percoll plus (GE Healthcare) with 10 mL of 9% sodium chloride 70% or 75% Percoll was prepared by dilution of 90% Percoll with different amounts of 0.9% sodium chloride The upper layer (2 mL) of the gradient was a 70% Percoll solution whereas the lower layer (2 mL) was a 75% Percoll solution 200 μL of mouse sodium heparin anti-coagulated blood was very gently layered on the top of the 70% Percoll The sample was centrifuged at 1000 g for 20 minutes at room temperature in a centrifuge with swinging tube holder the top layer (platelets and white blood cells) was removed and the middle layer (reticulocytes and granulocytes) and bottom layer (mature erythrocytes) were collected into different 1.5-mL tubes respectively and washed twice with PBS The reticulocyte fraction was resuspended in 0.5 mL PBS with the addition of 20 μg anti-granulocyte antibody (BD Pharmingen) and incubated at room temperature for 30 minutes The cell suspension was washed once by PBS followed by addition of anti-rat IgG-magnetic beads and incubation at room temperature for 30 minutes Antibody-bound cells (granulocytes) were pulled down by magnetic bar (Bio-Rad) The supernatant (reticulocytes) was centrifuged at 1000 g for 5 minutes at room temperature frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80 °C for PLA2 and LPCAT activity assay Pelleted red blood cells were lysed in a buffer containing 50 mM Tris-HCl The total protein concentration was measured with Pierce™ BCA Protein Assay Kit (Life Technologies) and PLA2 activity was measured by EnzChek Phospholipase A2 Assay Kit (Life Technologies) All reactions were performed in 100 mM Tris-HCl 200 μM lysoPC (Avanti Polar Lipids) and 20 μM [1-14C] oleoyl-CoA (0.01 μCi) (Perkin Elmer) at 37 °C with isolated erythrocyte membrane protein in a total volume of 200 μl The reaction was terminated by adding 800 μl of chloroform/methanol (2:1 Then lipids were extracted and then resolved by Thin-layer chromatograph (TLC) silica plates with chloroform/methanol/acetic acid/0.9% NaCl (100:50:16:5 TLC plates were then exposed to phosphor-imaging screening (Bio-Rad) and scanned for radioactive signals as indications of the formation of PC A part of membrane protein was used to detect LPCAT1 protein expression by Western blot Approximately 20 μg membrane protein was run on 10% SDS-PAGE gels After protein was transferred to PVDF membrane the membrane was blocked with 5% nonfat milk and incubated with anti-LPCAT1 antibody (ab94903 Abcam) and Donkey anti-Rabbit secondary antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc.) The efficiency of lentivirus transduction was assessed by detection of GFP expression in BMCs using flow cytometry mice were exposed to 5 Gy body irradiation with a gamma irradiator (Gammacell the mice were exposed to the same dose of irradiation BMCs transduced by recombinant lentivirus as described above were injected into the tail veins of irradiated mice (1 × 106 BMCs per mouse) the mice were injected intraperitoneally with 1 μg/kg body weight erythropoietin per day for 3 days and treated with 2 μg/ml neomycin in drinking water for 2 weeks Mice were sacrificed 16 weeks later for experiments Analysis of different hemoglobin variants was performed as previously described30 isolated red blood cells were fully lysed by addition of three volumes of water A 20 μl of cell lysate was added to 180 μl of mobile phase B buffer (40 mM Bis-Tris a 25 μl aliquot was injected into HPLC and monitored at 415 nm Obtained peak areas were used for the quantitation of individual hemoglobin peaks For determination of peak positions in HPLC profile purified hemoglobin A and/or hemoglobin S were analyzed Cultured human or mice erythrocytes were fixed with 1% glutaraldehyde. Then blood smears were performed using fixed samples as described previously12 Blood smears stained for sickled cells were observed using an Olympus BX60 microscope Areas without overlapped red blood cells were randomly picked and then at least 10 fields were monitored and more than 1000 red blood cells including sickle cells were counted The percentages of sickled cells in total counted erythrocytes were calculated Plasma leukotriene B4 and prostaglandin E2 were measured by using ELISA kits following instructions provided by the vendor (BioAssay Systems Plasma samples were firstly acidified by addition of 2 M HCl to pH of 3.5 and incubated at 4 °C for 15 minutes Then samples were centrifuged for 2 minutes to remove any precipitates Supernatant was loaded into pre-washed C18 reverse phase column the sample was eluted from the column by addition of ethyl acetate dried samples were dissolved with assay buffer and quantified using leukotriene B4 and prostaglandin E2 ELISA kit respectively 10 digital images were taken from each H&E stained mouse tissue section at 20X magnification from different areas necrosis or cysts on sections were identified according to their structure and color the dark red color was chosen for quantification of congestion and it was performed on 10 fields/mouse tissue sections at 20X magnification using software analysis (Image Pro Plus 4.0; Media Cybernetics the areas of necrosis in the livers and congestion in the spleen and lung were first manually marked by using a magical pen tool available in Adobe Photoshop Program Then the quantification was conducted on 10 fields/mouse tissue sections at 20x using software analysis (Image Pro Plus 4.0; Media Cybernetics The whole areas of each image were considered as 100% The percentage of pathological areas to whole area of image was recorded The free hemoglobin in mouse plasma was quantified by using ELISA kits following instructions provided by the vendor (BioAssay Systems Data were analyzed for statistical significance using GraphPad Prism 5 software (GraphPad Software) Two-tailed Student’s t tests (paired or unpaired as appropriate) were applied in 2-group analysis Differences between the means of multiple groups were compared by 1-way analysis of variance followed by a Tukey’s multiple comparisons test A P value of less than 0.05 was considered significant Hypoxia-mediated impaired erythrocyte Lands’ Cycle is pathogenic for sickle cell disease Metabolism of glycerolipides; a comparison of lecithin and triglyceride synthesis Preferential incorporation of fatty acids at the inside of human erythrocyte membranes Hypoxia/reoxygenation stress increases markers of vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle SAD mice Abnormal phospholipid molecular species of erythrocytes in sickle cell anemia Abnormalities in membrane phospholipid organization in sickled erythrocytes Uncoupling of the membrane skeleton from the lipid bilayer The cause of accelerated phospholipid flip-flop leading to an enhanced procoagulant activity of sickled cells Membrane lipid alterations in hemoglobinopathies doi: 10.1182/asheducation-2007.1.68 (2007) Calcium-induced damage of haemoglobin SS and normal erythrocytes Denatured hemoglobin in sickle erythrocytes Abnormal vitamin E and glutathione peroxidase levels in sickle cell anemia: evidence for increased susceptibility to lipid peroxidation in vivo Transgenic knockout mice with exclusively human sickle hemoglobin and sickle cell disease Detrimental effects of adenosine signaling in sickle cell disease Biology of platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH Cytosolic phospholipase A2 type IVA is present in human red cells Mechanisms by which intracellular calcium induces susceptibility to secretory phospholipase A2 in human erythrocytes Distinct roles in signal transduction for each of the phospholipase A2 enzymes present in P388D1 macrophages Methyl arachidonyl fluorophosphonate: a potent irreversible inhibitor of anandamide amidase Inhibition of platelet-activating factor (PAF) acetylhydrolase by methyl arachidonyl fluorophosphonate potentiates PAF synthesis in thrombin-stimulated human coronary artery endothelial cells Irreversible inhibition of Ca(2+)-independent phospholipase A2 by methyl arachidonyl fluorophosphonate an inhibitor of group IVA phospholipase A2 on eicosanoid and PAF biosynthesis in human neutrophils PGE2 release from tryptase-stimulated rabbit ventricular myocytes is mediated by calcium-independent phospholipase A2gamma Genetic ablation of calcium-independent phospholipase A(2)beta causes hypercontractility and markedly attenuates endothelium-dependent relaxation to acetylcholine Cloning and characterization a novel human 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase gene AGPAT7 Mammalian acyl-CoA:lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase enzymes Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105 Cloning and characterization of mouse lung-type acyl-CoA:lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 (LPCAT1) Expression in alveolar type II cells and possible involvement in surfactant production The lysophospholipid acyltransferase antagonist CI-976 inhibits a late step in COPII vesicle budding doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2008.00711.x (2008) A unique lysophospholipid acyltransferase (LPAT) antagonist affects secretory and endocytic membrane trafficking pathways Elevated sphingosine-1-phosphate promotes sickling and sickle cell disease progression Eicosanoid storm in infection and inflammation Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) enzymes in membrane trafficking: mediators of membrane shape and function Uric acid inhibits renal proximal tubule cell proliferation via at least two signaling pathways involving PKC Protein kinase C-dependent and -independent pathways of mitogen-activated protein kinase activation in macrophages by stimuli that activate phospholipase A2 Endothelial cell-pericyte cocultures induce PLA2 protein expression through activation of PKCalpha and the MAPK/ERK cascade Group V secretory PLA2 regulates TLR2-dependent eicosanoid generation in mouse mast cells through amplification of ERK and cPLA2alpha activation Functional coupling expression of COX-2 and cPLA2 induced by ATP in rat vascular smooth muscle cells: role of ERK1/2 HT-29 human colon cancer cell proliferation is regulated by cytosolic phospholipase A(2)alpha dependent PGE(2)via both PKA and PKB pathways Activated AMPK and prostaglandins are involved in the response to conjugated linoleic acid and are sufficient to cause lipid reductions in adipocytes Evidence that phospholipase A2 activity is required for Golgi complex and trans Golgi network membrane tubulation Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 95 Membrane tubule-mediated reassembly and maintenance of the Golgi complex is disrupted by phospholipase A2 antagonists LC-MS/MS analysis of plasma polyunsaturated fatty acids in patients with homozygous sickle cell disease Eicosanoids in sickle cell disease: potential relevance of neutrophil leukotriene B4 to disease pathophysiology Hydroxyurea therapy mobilises arachidonic Acid from inner cell membrane aminophospholipids in patients with homozygous sickle cell disease Sickle erythrocytes and platelets augment lung leukotriene synthesis with downregulation of anti-inflammatory proteins: relevance in the pathology of the acute chest syndrome Elevated adenosine signaling via adenosine A2B receptor induces normal and sickle erythrocyte sphingosine kinase 1 activity MEK1/2 inhibitors reverse acute vascular occlusion in mouse models of sickle cell disease reduce sickle red blood cell adhesion in vitro and in vivo and vasoocclusion in vivo Erythrocyte plasma membrane-bound ERK1/2 activation promotes ICAM-4-mediated sickle red cell adhesion to endothelium Pathology of Berkeley sickle cell mice: similarities and differences with human sickle cell disease nontargeted ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry platform for the identification and relative quantification of the small-molecule complement of biological systems Statistical significance for genomewide studies Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 100 Lipidomics analysis of essential fatty acids in macrophages Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 79 Lipidomics reveals a remarkable diversity of lipids in human plasma Electrospray mass spectrometric analysis of 5-hydroperoxy and 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids generated by lipid peroxidation of red blood cell ghost phospholipids Density-associated changes in platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase activity and membrane fluidity of human erythrocytes Discovery of a cardiolipin synthase utilizing phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol as substrates Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 109 A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification Determination of lipid phosphorus in the nanomolar range In vitro reconstitution of lipid-dependent dual topology and postassembly topological switching of a membrane protein Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 110 Improved procedures for the determination of lipid phosphorus by malachite green Efficiency of transduction of highly purified murine hematopoietic stem cells by lentiviral and oncoretroviral vectors under conditions of minimal in vitro manipulation Hemolysis in sickle cell mice causes pulmonary hypertension due to global impairment in nitric oxide bioavailability Comparison between semi-automated segmentation and manual point-counting methods for quantitative analysis of histological sections Download references This work was supported by NIH grants HL119549 (to Y Xia) as well as American Heart Association grants 10GRNT3760081 and 12IRG9150001 (to Y Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology carried out most of the experiments and collected and analyzed data with advice provided by Y.X was involved in measurement of LPCAT activity isolation and quantification of phospholipids conducted collection of human blood samples were involved in isolation of multiple organs and blood from mice provided lentivirus packaging plasmids and pHAGE-EF1α-3xFlag vector and helped with packaging lentivirus particles conducted metabolomic profiling in SCD mice provided expertise in lipid isolation and measurement procured human subjects’ approval and maintained the database of de-identified human subject information All authors contributed to manuscript review The authors declare no competing financial interests Download citation Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: a shareable link is not currently available for this article Sign up for the Nature Briefing: Translational Research newsletter — top stories in biotechnology a manufacturer of power sustainable solutions such as motors has installed another ORSY®mat vending machine from Würth Industrie Service GmbH & Co KG at its factory in Parchim dispenses PPE and is in addition to the already used vending machines at the Parchim site The ORSYmat WGT weighing system detects the withdrawal of an item on the basis of the integrated weighing cells in which the weight of the stored item is saved individual items can be withdrawn without depending on the packaging unit There is also an option to withdraw several items at the same time from the vending machine the vending machine closes and automatically takes stock of the inventory inside Danfoss Group has 72 production facilities in 20 countries and employs more than 28,000 people other digital system solutions are also deployed across the Group for process optimisation In the smaller company facilities with lesser quantities the items are replenished via a global SAP-Ariba ‘punch out’ catalogue Danfoss and Würth Industrie Service are also working together closely to optimise activities such as product standardisation the vending machines are a complete success and contribute to more efficiency and productivity by significantly reducing the costs and saving the time required for procurement Danfoss is the perfect example – demonstrating the potential and prospects in ‘MRO products with system’,” states Würth Industrie Having spent a decade in the fastener industry experiencing every facet – from steel mills as well as machinery builders and plating + coating companies Claire has developed an in-depth knowledge of all things fasteners exhibitions and conferences around the world Claire has also interviewed high profile figures – focusing on key topics impacting the sector and making sure readers stay up to date with the latest developments within the industry Here’s What You Need to Remember: The 56th better known as Zemke’s Wolfpack after its legendary first ace commander was the only unit in the strategic-bombing-focused 8th Air Force not to trade its Thunderbolts for P-51D Mustangs a sleeker and more agile (though less robust) fighter Pilots nicknamed early-model P-47 Thunderbolts the “Razorback,” a reference to the chunky fighter plane’s angular canopy the name was more generally appropriate—like a wild boar the hulking single-engine “Jug” was tough and hard-charging and its eight .50 caliber machine guns packed a hell of a punch Thunderbolts based in Britain could accompany four-engine B-17 and B-24 bombers of the 8th Air Force on dangerous raids deep over Nazi Germany—and still engage German fighters on roughly even terms However, starting mid-1944, the Allied fliers grew concerned about new Nazi turbojet-powered Me-262 fighters and rocket-powered Me-163s that could outrun the speediest Allied piston-engine aircraft like the Mustang or British Tempest by 100 miles per hour or more V-1 “Buzz Bomb” cruise missiles bombarding London also proved difficult for Allied fighters to intercept Thunderbolt manufacturer Republic set aside four bubble-canopy P-47Ds from its production line in Farmingdale New York and fit them with souped-up Pratt & Whitney R-2800-57 Double Wasp engine with a turbo-supercharger the yellow-painted YP-47M prototypes could attain a climb rate of 3,500 feet per second and a maximum speed of 473 miles per hour in level flight—though some pilots reported achieving 490 to 500 mph when using Wartime Emergency Power This made the P-47M arguably the fastest piston-engine fighter to see combat in the war—though still slower than the Me-262’s 540-miles per hour maximum speed Though Republic produced more radical XP-47H and J prototypes that could go even faster the YP-47 could be easily put into production so in September 1944 the Army Air Corps approved a limited run of 130 P-47M-1-RE aircraft These were delivered in December 1944 and began to be received by their sole operator the elite 56th Fighter Group based at Boxted Airfield near Colchester The Wolfpack’s three squadrons completed conversion to the P-47M by March each with a unique camouflage scheme: dark black wing-tops for the 61st green/grey disruptive pattern for the 62nd and a striking blue/teal pattern for the 63rd The 56th also received new experimental T48 .50-caliber incendiary rounds designed to ignite kerosene jet fuel manufactured by the Des Moines Ordnance Plant were stuffed with 5.4 ounces of incendiary composite—twice the quantity in the standard M1 round the juiced-up engines of the P-47Ms were plagued by serious technical problems After a Thunderbolt crash landed due to engine trouble a problem with the fuel carburetor diaphragm was identified causing the P-47Ms to be grounded while a local company built new gaskets But these fixes didn’t bring an end to the P-47M’s woes six out of fourteen Thunderbolts had to abort mission with engine trouble The breakdowns took a deadly turn between April 11 and 15 as three pilots were killed in engine-related accidents The P-47Ms were grounded again on April 16 and the Wolfpack pilots reluctantly began training on Mustangs technicians poured over the trouble R2800-57’s engines—and discovered rust in the pistons The super Double Wasp engines had been improperly sealed for transport across the Atlantic allowing humid ocean air to corrode the pistons replacement engines had been procured and the 56th was back to operational status Despite the growing paucity of Luftwaffe targets the P-47M went on to distinguish itself performing exactly the kind of mission it had been designed for—shooting down Nazi jets the P-47M’s first two jet kills occurred prior to solving the corrosion problem three P-47s of the 62nd fighter squadron swooped down upon two low-flying Arado 234B jet bombers The twin-engine jet bombers were likely targeting the battered Ludendorff Bridge in Remagen over which the U.S Then on March 25, Wisconsinite Major George Bostwick, commander of the 63rd Squadron, and wingman Edwin Crosthwait dispatched two Me-262s as they came in for a landing at Parchim airfield—a time at which jet fighters were notoriously vulnerable. Bostwick and his Thunderbolt “Ugly Duckling” (pictured together here) ended the war with eight air-to-air kills Though the Luftwaffe was increasingly crippled by a lack of fuel and trained pilots Me-262’s still posed a deadly threat to U.S Fifty-three Thunderbolts were escorting a raid targeting Regensburg on April 5 when a lone Me-262 came streaking in from 3 o’clock at over 500 miles per hour zipped unscathed through a hail of defensive machine gun fire and blasted a B-17 out of the sky with its four powerful 30-millimeter cannons The escorting Razorbacks tore after the speeding jet as it peeled away at 9 o’clock—including “Devastatin’ Deb,” piloted by Captain John C Stephen Chapis described the action in Allied Jet Killers of World War II: “The P-47s jettisoned their tanks and headed down in pursuit after which Fahringer rolled in on the Me-262’s tail and let it have several bursts to no effect the German pilot then made the fatal mistake of tightening his turn which allowed Fahringer to close into lethal range he opened up again with this Thunderbolt’s eight .50-cal machine guns and as the smoke began pouring from the jet Fahringer saw something go down the right side of his P-47 Lieutenants Walter Sharbo and Bill Wilkerson shot down two more Me-262s over Muritz lake while returning from a fighter sweep over Berlin These were the last two aerial victories of the 56th Fighter Group after failing to encounter enemy fighters on an escort mission the Wolfpack swooped down on Eggebek airfield their chattering machine-guns expending 85,000 rounds and destroying ninety-five parked aircraft on the ground The new incendiary ammunition proved especially devastating an air force report enthused “…enemy aircraft burned after having been hit only two or three times One pilot destroyed 10 aircraft on a single mission by firing short bursts.” This may be referring to 2nd Lt whose gun camera recorded the destruction of ten aircraft during the Eggebek strike Zemke’s Wolfpack ended the war the top-scoring U.S with 665.5 recognized aerial kills—or one thousand aircraft destroyed which served after the Luftwaffe was largely defeated claimed only fifteen of those victories—though that included at least seven jet aircraft In recognition of the Wolfpack’s achievements a P-47M was displayed under the Eiffel Tower for a victory celebration that July Republic developed the P-47M into to the ultimate P-47N model Though slightly slower than the P-47M due to greater weight the N was modified to fly up to 1,800 miles on internal fuel thanks to additional tanks incorporated in the wings—a useful quality for the long-range missions it flew in the final months of the War in the Pacific Sébastien Roblin holds a master’s degree in conflict resolution from Georgetown University and served as a university instructor for the Peace Corps in China. He has also worked in education, editing, and refugee resettlement in France and the United States. He currently writes on security and military history for War Is Boring This first appeared in January 2019 and is being reprinted for reader interest Image: Wikimedia Commons The French suffered 476 casualties in the Battle of Puebla while the outnumbered Mexicans only suffered 339 French Rafale fighter jets are in global demand This highlights an increased defense spending across Europe and the Middle East During the nearly forty-eight-hour standoff the KV-2 had survived eight 50mm direct hits Stay in the know with The National Interest newsletter © Copyright 2025 Center for the National Interest We use cookies to enhance your browsing experience We use cookies to help you navigate efficiently and perform certain functions You will find detailed information about all cookies under each consent category below The cookies that are categorised as "Necessary" are stored on your browser as they are essential for enabling the basic functionalities of the site We also use third-party cookies 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to provide visitors with customised advertisements based on the pages you visited previously and to analyse the effectiveness of the ad campaigns A 40-year-plus industry in Hopkinsville had its expansion plans revealed by Gov confirming further manufacturing and job growth to south western Kentucky a standalone business unit of Danfoss Power Solutions will be upsizing its 124,000-square-foot facility at 110 Bill Bryan Boulevard another 13,000 square feet — adding 25 full-time jobs and a $16 million investment surrounding drive shaft technology in orbital motors and hydraulic steering units Beshear said the company is opting to move its production of the gearset or “heart of the unit,” to Kentucky — bringing its operations from Parchim White’s senior director of operations said the company was “confident” of this project’s success and were “looking forward to receiving support from state and local governments.” South Western Kentucky EDC Executive Director Carter Hendricks said White’s decision to expand was more than just the jobs being provided to the community — well-paying as they will be It’s the company’s commitment to Christian County and the surrounding region — a place where agri-business manufacturing and industrial organizations continue to invest and unfurl which is a global business specializing in hydraulic fluid power and high-pressure pump systems and the company itself crafts units used in agricultural construction and material-handling applications Hendricks added that the continued diversification of careers in west Kentucky will always be a top focus for SWK and interested local authorities In a written statement to the governor’s office Judge-Executive Jerry Gilliam assure this measure from White is “a further testament that Christian County is a great place to do business with a low cost of living and even lower taxes.” Knight added that the City of Hopkinsville “values White Drive’s investment” into the community officials with Danfoss Power Solutions announced White Drive Motors & Steering as a business unit in conjunction with the closing of Eaton Hydraulics Germany helped bring along new business expansions in Shawnee Minnesota — all told involving nearly 800 company employees Former F1 champion Niki Lauda eyes parts of Air Berlin Air Berlin furious as ‘ill pilots’ force flight cancellations Indonesia is the world’s largest archipelagic country with some 17,000 islands and a vast maritime territory The Office of the Coordinating Maritime Affairs and Investment Minister announced in 2018 that it had updated Indonesia’s total territory to span 8.3 million square kilometers comprising 1.9 sq km of territorial land and 6.4 million sq km of territorial waters The latest data was calculated by the Geospatial Information Agency (BIG) and the Hydrography and Oceanography Center (Pushidrosal) of the Indonesian Navy (TNI AL) The BIG and Pushidrosal calculated that Indonesian had sovereignty over 3.11 million sq km of archipelagic waters and 290,000 sq km of territorial sea Indonesia also had sovereign right over 3 million sq km of exclusive economic zone (EEZ) The two institutions also calculated Indonesian territory also covered 270,000 sq km of contiguous zone the maritime zone that extends 12 nautical miles beyond the territorial sea while it had a continental shelf that covered about 2.8 million sq km acknowledges that a country's area only covers its land territory and the total surface of inland freshwater bodies The UN Statistics Division states that Indonesia's area is 1.91 million sq km With its strategic location between two continents and two oceans having a strong navy is a must as part of Indonesia’s alutsista (primary weapons system) to secure and defend its maritime borders The government decided in the past that it would take advantage of used warships from other countries that had been decommissioned The most controversial procurement of secondhand warships was in 1992 when Indonesia bought several warships formerly operated by the East German Navy The controversy was over not only the warships’ technical specifications which were not designed for operating in tropical waters with many suggesting that the price had been inflated The US$482 million deal procured 39 naval vessels consisting of three types: antisubmarine warfare (ASW) corvettes landing ship tanks (LSTs) and minesweepers All ships were constructed Peenewerft shipyard in Wolgast The TNI AL received 16 Parchim I-class ASW corvettes built between 1981 and 1985 or aged between 8 years and 12 years when Indonesia procured them This type of corvette is 72.5 meters long and weighs 1,200 tons has a top speed of 24.7 knots and a range of 2,100 nautical miles (3,900 kilometers) The Parchim I-class is also known as the Kapitan Pattimura-class after its lead ship has had President Joko “Jokowi” Widodo onboard An iconic picture of Jokowi was taken on the vessel’s foredeck in June 2016 while it was sailing the Natuna Sea off Riau Islands province The KRI Memet Sastrawiria 380 caught fire in 2008 during a routine patrol in Lampung waters while the KRI Pati Unus 384 was decommissioned in 2017 after sustaining heavy damage during an accident in the Strait of Malacca in 2016 In addition to sonar equipment to detect submarines two 9K32 Strela-2 man-portable air defense systems (MANPADS) and two RBU-6000 anti-submarine rocket launchers The second most numerous warship types procured from the former East Germany are the Frosch I- and Frosch II-class tank landing ships (LSTs) built between 1975 and 1978 which consist of 12 Frosch-1 and two Frosch-II LSTs the Frosch is known as the Teluk Gilimanuk-class LST after its lead ship The Teluk Gilimanuk-class LST can carry 11 amphibious tanks or 400 tons to 600 tons of cargo It has a top speed of 18 knots and can carry 1 company of marines Three LSTs have been lost for different reasons The KRI Teluk Berau was used as a target ship for a Yakhont anti-ship cruise missile during a naval exercise in 2012; the KRI Teluk Peleng 535 sank in 2013 after colliding with a concrete bollard while it was mooring at Pondok Dayung wharf in Jakarta; and the KRI Teluk Jakarta 541 took on water and sank in July 2020 after it was hit by high waves near Kangean Island The Frosch I is armed with one Bofors 40 mm gun The Indonesian Navy also has nine of the much older Kondor II-class minesweepers Eight of the vessels are still operational the KRI Pulau Rote 721 was decommissioned in 2019 the KRI Pulau Raibu 728 and the KRI Pulau Rondo 725 were renamed respectively as the KRI Kala Hitam 828 and the KRI Kelabang 826 and were transferred to patrol duty after their mine-hunting equipment broke the Kondor II-class minesweeper has a top speed of 18 knots and a range of 1,900 nautical miles (3,500 km) The Kondor II is equipped with three 25 mm guns and 24 mines Indonesia bought three Ragam Nakhoda-class corvettes that the Defense Ministry classified as multirole light frigates (MRLFs) The procurement of the MRLFs sparked controversy because they were used warships intended for the Royal Brunei Navy The corvettes were designed in 1995 based on BAE Systems Marine’s F2000 corvette under a 600 million-pound ($775.55 million) contract and were launched in 2001 Another controversial point was that the purchase was not included in the government’s procurement plan the government argued that the purchase would immediately expand the Indonesian Navy’s presence in safeguarding the vast Indonesian waters at a fraction of their original price Read also: KRI Bung Tomo docks at Belawan The MRLFs arrived in June 2014 and were commissioned in July 2014 the vessels are known as Bung Tomo-class corvettes after the first warship to arrive in Indonesia The two other Bung Tomo corvettes are the KRI John Lie 358 (KDB Nakhoda Ragam 28) and the KRI Usman Harun 359 (KDB Bendahara Sakam) Each light frigate is armed with one Oto Melara 76 mm gun two Exocet MM40 Block II quadruple missile launchers and two 324 mm triple torpedo tubes The MRLFs also came with a 16-cell Sea Wolf vertical launch system (VLS) for deploying antiaircraft missiles The vessels each carry one Eurocopter AS565 Panther medium-weight helicopter in 2010 the TNI AL also received 15 decommissioned armored vehicles from the South Korean Marine Corps for its Marine Corps (Kormar) The South Korean LVTP-7A1s were built in 1984 by Samsung Techwin under license from the original manufacturer formerly a division of the Food Machinery Corporation (FMC Corporation) Later models of the LVTP-7 were redesignated the Assault Amphibious Vehicle-7A1 (AAV-7A1) The LVTP-7A1 comes in three variants: armored personnel carrier (APC) The APC variant has a crew of four and can carry 21 soldiers double the capacity of the iconic M113 APC which was also manufactured by the FMC Corporation The armored vehicle’s main armaments are a 12.7 mm machine gun and 40 mm automatic grenade launcher Read also: Used 'alutsista': Increasing the Indonesian Army's firepower Quickly share this news with your network—keep everyone informed with just a single click Customize your reading experience by adjusting the text size to small or large—find what’s most comfortable for you More Coast guard patrols have monitored two ships of the Russian navy near Latvian waters in the past two days as the National Armed Forces (NBS) have reported on their Twitter account as the month of April closed by Thursday afternoon Armed Forces on 30 APR in LV EEZ 5,4 nmi from territ waters spotted RU Navy's Bereza-class support ship SR-936 And on Wednesday the NBS also tweeted of patrols having watched a corvette warship 13 kilometers away from the maritime territorial line in the EEZ The Parchim-class craft is designed almost exclusively to hunt for near-coastal submarines and subsequently destroy them Armed Forces on 29 APR in LV EEZ 7 nmi from territ waters spotted RU Navy's Parchim 2 Class Corvette This should bring the total tally of encounters with Russian military units popping up unannounced by the waters and skies of Latvia's Baltic borders to top 40 so far this year Also ending today are the Baltic states' joint minesweeping training operations Batron inside Lithuania's territorial waters and EEZ The ships Virsaitis and Rūsiņš among the Latvian navy vessels taking part in the drills meant to test the minesweepers' readiness as part of NATO's Rapid Reaction Forces Lithuania's foreign minister announced that he had summoned the Russian ambassador in Vilnius over the actions of Russian vessels in Lithuania's exclusive economic zone in the Baltic Sea Russian ambassador was summoned 2day as Ru military ships repetitively violate rules of conduct in Lith exclusive economic zone/Baltic Sea Select text and press Ctrl+Enter to send a suggested correction to the editor Select text and press Report a mistake to send a suggested correction to the editor Take note – story published 10 years and 5 months ago As Latvians begin marking their national patriotic holiday week the National Armed Forces (NBS) continued to tweet reports of Russian navy activity in the Baltic sea very close to Latvia’s maritime border Overnight to Tuesday NBS patrols sighted the Tarantul-class ship R-2 according to the most recent report tweeted Armed Forces on 10 NOV in LVA EEZ near territ waters spotted RU Navy's Tarantul-class ship R-2 However on Monday the NBS also revealed that patrols had spotted and followed the movements of several Russian military vessels beginning late Friday when they identified a Kilo-class submarine and Parchim-class corvette Kazanec 311 Then Saturday afternoon the two ships were joined by submarine support ship SS-750 all three then departing from the margins of Latvia’s Exclusive Economic Zone only later that night Armed Forces on 7-8 NOV in LVA EEZ near territ waters spotted RU Navy's Kilo-class submarine Russian navy ships and planes have skirted Latvia’s waters and airspace a total of 173 times this year