of Ogema passed away peacefully with her loving family surrounding her on Dec Services will be held at the Ogema Baptist Church on Jan with family and friends gathering at 10 a.m to the late Oscar and Selma (Bergeson) Swan They built their family home and worked the land farming and raising dairy cattle Ruby loved her family and being surrounded by her grandchildren Friends were always welcome for a visit and coffee She was a faithful member of Ogema Baptist church from her Baptism in 1946 to present day She is survived by her three loving sons Lindsey Wildberg; six great-grandchildren brother Oscar Swan and many nieces and nephews She was preceded in death by her husband Mid Wisconsin Cremation Society is assisting family at this time Online condolences may be expressed at MWCS.WS Full Results / Photos Coming Soon On Thursday night the Toms River Bubble opened up a sand pit that likely hadn't been seen for years The first annual NJSIAA Indoor Meet of Champions Long Jump Showcase The brand new competition added to the state meet's events list this winter.  The first champions of this showcase were Nakaja Weaver of North Brunswick who hit a major PR for 18-07.5 NJ#4 and Nils Wildberg of Princeton who cleared a distance of 23-04.  Her previous career best coming in was a 17-03 which she had jumped at the Varsity Classic on February 4th and before that she had a best of 16-07.5 indoor with her outdoor PR at 16-04.  and then cleared 18 feet twice with her best mark coming on her third attempt Mind you this was also in the lower seeded first flight!  On the boys side of things Nils Wildberg's victory at 23-04 was certainly a well earned one After setting the state lead in late December with a 23-04.5 he ran into a meniscus injury that sidelined him most of the season His first full speed return really came on Tuesday during Eastern States Championships when he made just two attempts one a foul and the other the winning mark of 23-04.5 matching his season best.  For Wildberg to clear 23 feet three times on Thursday night for the Meet of Champions victory on such short turn around is a testament to the work he's put in before and during the injury recovery He hopes to earn All-American at New Balance Nationals Indoor to close the season You can view the full series for each long jumper below Congratulations to everyone involved in this historic event Looking forward to more in the future.  Here are the series charts we put together during the live updates. Final official results can be found on the meet page.  Volume 8 - 2020 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2020.590954 The importance of cooperation on transboundary waters is stated as a target in the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals (SDG6: water) Cooperation on transboundary water management is critical particularly because it concerns issues across multiple states The percentage of transboundary basin area within a country that has an “operational arrangement” for water cooperation is used as the main indicator of such cooperation in the SDGs for “equitable and reasonable use“ of water resources (SDG 6.5.2) no clear criteria and explanation are available for what exactly constitutes an “equitable and reasonable use” in any such “operational arrangements.” Furthermore it is understandable that any such arrangements may be shaped by differences in historical and political contexts and hence may be inherently unjust we highlight the limitations of SDG indicators to monitor equity of resource sharing in transboundary river systems Using Walzer’s theory of morality of the state and cosmopolitanism as a framework we examine the Nile basin as a case study to demonstrate the shortcomings of current SDG criteria and indicators Our article contributes ideas of “operationalizing” theoretical justice toward a more equitable water management in transboundary rivers Cooperation on such resources may guarantee a more sustainable future whereas disputes and conflicts on transboundary waters not only hinder progress in achieving SDG6 (water) targets but also risk undermining progress on targets of other SDGs and indicators and targets concerning transboundary water management in particular (SDG6.5.2) explore and incorporate moral criteria beyond merely economic efficiency and conservation indicators they have a different conceptualization of justice as fairness Rawls theorizes on the need to develop “just institutions” whereas Sen theorizes on the need to develop realization/capability-focused comparative approaches or “just societies” where the point of their departure lies (whether on a different metric of justice or on a divergent conception of impartiality) is still arguable and beyond the scope of this article In this article, we present an overview of theories of the sovereignty of states and Rawlsian (Rawls, 1958) distributive justice to explore the underlying theories and challenges concerning the principle of “equitable and reasonable utilization” of transboundary water resources We highlight limitations of SDG indicators in monitoring the “equitable and reasonable” utilization and management of transboundary waters We then demonstrate limitations in the SDG indicators by investigating an ongoing dispute on transboundary water that may escalate and endanger regional SDGs in the Nile basin we highlight the potential way forward for mitigating shortcomings in the SDG target and indicators of transboundary water management by exploring ideas of “operationalizing” theoretical justice When discussing the just and fair utilization and management of transboundary waters two fundamental subjects/aggregations emerge: utilization between riparian states and utilization among the people within those states Questions of distributive justice or water utilization rights of either of these may not necessarily be synonymous with questions of distributive justice and water use rights of the other we highlight the fundamental dilemma that exists between the two and frame questions of distributive justice in transboundary water utilization and management pertinent to both exist as well and are typically applied at a more local level our discussion here is on how to substantiate the notions of equitable and reasonable use of transboundary waters between states and/or between people in general Walzer’s theory of the morality of states, which postulates a moral order among independent states, stresses the autonomy of states in terms of the rights to political sovereignty, territorial integrity, and self-determination. This theory suggests that water should be allocated with respect to state sovereignty, i.e., the states' “sovereign right to exploit their own resources” (Walzer, 2015) the following questions remain difficult to deal with: how can equitability be measured when is a harm “significant” and indicators for the just and equitable utilization of global transboundary water management cooperation are yet to be explored In the absence of such clear indicators and criteria to monitor the fairness (“equitable and reasonable”) of the utilization of transboundary waters any form of “operational arrangement” is assumed to measure sustainable development in a basin irrespective of how such arrangement came into force in the first place and/or how such arrangements may be followed by in terms of regional peace and security we examine the ongoing water management dispute in the Nile basin as a case to demonstrate the shortcomings of the current set of SDG criteria relating to transboundary water management (SDG 6.5.2) We also examine the inadequacy of current SDGs using the frameworks of the theories of the morality of the state and cosmopolitanism (or any variants of them) for addressing transboundary boundary water management challenges we explore the potential role of distributive justice toward the clarification and operationalization of the “equitable and reasonable utilization” of transboundary waters and potential criteria for measuring progress toward distributive justice in the cooperation and arrangements of such contributes about 86% to the annual water flow of the Nile With no operational arrangement and uncertain modalities for cooperation thus far Nile basin states in general and the Eastern Nile basin states in particular are facing enduring disputes over the Nile water use and management Historically, Egypt, with signed agreements with Sudan, both downstream states, claims a veto power over water use of the Nile, with much of the water used in Egypt coming from the Nile (Swain, 2008) This 1929 agreement gave Egypt the right to veto upstream projects that might affect Egypt’s water share a second treaty was signed in 1959 between Egypt and a newly independent Sudan This second treaty allocated the entire average annual flow of the Nile to be shared among Egypt and Sudan at 55.5 and 18.5 billion cubic meters respectively (the remaining 10 billion cubic meters that make up the total Nile flow was considered to account for water loss due to evaporation) both Egypt and Sudan undertook the construction of dams including the Aswan High Dam in Egypt and the Sennar Dam in Sudan Neither the signed agreements nor such construction works in Egypt and Sudan was undertaken in consultation with any other riparian state nor do Egypt and Sudan recognize any rights for water for the other riparian states much of the Nile water comes from these other riparian states the basis for historical and “colonial-era” agreements and legal arrangements between Egypt and most upstream riparian states is highly contested and not just from a moral point of view alone while Ethiopia may feel entitled to do “what it likes” with the Abbay (Blue Nile) water in its “sovereign territory” according to one version of the morality of the state theory this interpretation might be contested by other riparian states in the Nile due to the existence of old treaties still claimed as binding by Egypt and Sudan the water allocation agreements between the downstream states of Egypt and Sudan did not seem to have created major regional challenges on the water use or in the relations between the upstream and the downstream states until recent decades This is mainly because practical capabilities for major development works disrupting the Nile’s flow in upstream countries were simply absent With growing economic ambitions in the last 3 decades interest in water of the Nile started to grow challenging the status quo enjoyed by downstream states and triggering a protracted dispute among the riparian states The third relevant agreement is the Cooperative Framework Agreement (CFA) of 2010 (Mekonnen, 2010) that allocated “equitable and reasonable” use of the Nile water “among all riparian countries” for “integrated regional development” After more than a decade of back-and-forth negotiations among riparian states through the NBI framework the CFA was seen as a major breakthrough in getting rid of claims of “colonial-era” water treaties The CFA is signed by six out of the 10 NBI member states and ratified by three states at the time of this writing Although the dispute on the Nile water use rights has escalated particularly in the Eastern Blue Nile states it is not just between upstream Ethiopia and downstream Sudan and Egypt it is a dispute between all upstream states and Egypt and to a lesser extent Sudan This is because Egypt seems to claim that “colonial-era” agreements or legal arrangements between upper riparian countries or their “protectors” and Egypt or its “protector” are still applicable today not all upstream countries have necessarily conflicting interests due to the two major tributaries of the Nile conflict of interest with other upper riparian states on the other Nile tributary with Ethiopia on the one hand and the rest of the upper riparian states on the other Soon after signing the CFA, Ethiopia started construction of Africa’s biggest hydroelectric dam, the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) (Gebreluel, 2014) objected either the entirety or part of GERD The negotiation that started soon between the three riparian states related to the impacts of the new dam continues with highs and lows to this day sometimes with talks of military engagement without any settlement yet at the time of this writing GERD is now a fait accompli at more than 70% of the total construction finalized, but justice consideration will continue to be vital issues in its completion, filling, and operation (Yihdego, 2017) It is apparent that the riparian states have not only shared waters but also shared socioeconomic and climate change challenges not only for water consumption but also for energy and food production will further increase pressure on the Nile basin due to protracted disputes about the allocation of the Nile water the risk of future confrontations cannot be downplayed can trigger unsustainable activities on interdependent SDG goals In light of such provision of human rights for water in the Nile has the right of using Nile water either for irrigation (to produce “sufficient affordable and nutritious food”) or generating electricity in order to achieve these and beyond (in line with cosmopolitanism and or the “doctrine of community of interest”) Such is not the case in the Nile and likely may not become the case anytime soon In regard to the Sovereignty of the States (Walzer’s theory) the current set of criteria in SDG6.5.2 can monitor sustainability only using the “proportion of basin area under operational arrangement” Given the various interstate and regional treaties outlined earlier about the Nile the SDG indicators would be of very limited help in either monitoring sustainability in the basin or mediating disputes and disagreements between riparian states in the basin SDG criteria indicators are simply unable to monitor and evaluate either the sustainability or the utilization bottlenecks in the transboundary water management of the Nile Next to the inadequacy of the SDG criteria indicators, there is little consensus about the normative nature or content of the equitable rules or principles to be applied in transboundary water resources management or about their legal implications for the cooperative management of transboundary waters (Zeitoun et al., 2014) in the perspective of distributive justice it is apparent that neither the status quo of unilateral decisions and unilateral vetoing nor the existing water treaties are sustainable The treaties of both 1929 and 1959 between downstream countries (or their “protectors”) have never been recognized by Ethiopia and other upper riparian states and are considered null and void by the CFA of 2010 The question then is what would be a practicable and equitable way to address the “human right to water” and thereby guarantee distributive justice in this transboundary river in water allocation in transboundary waters such as the Nile to be evaluated with respect to the sustainable development goals approaching the situation from the perspective of the morality of the state theory on transboundary water management in the Nile would allow Ethiopia an upper riparian state and the source of about 86% of the Nile water by volume the full right to use the Nile water as it wishes irrespective of the needs of downstream states (Egypt) The risk of a new dam (GERD) in Ethiopia negatively affecting the functioning of a prior dam in Egypt (the Aswan High Dam) may be as problematic from a moral perspective similar to the categorical veto by Egypt of all and any utilization of Nile waters for any consumption needs in the upstream states (Ethiopia) current indicators for the evaluation of the sustainability of transboundary water management in the SDGs fail to capture this challenge in general and in the Nile basin in particular From our discussion of the various doctrines it is apparent that no clear criteria exist within the set of current SDG indicators for “equitable and reasonable utilization” of water resources in transboundary rivers Our immediate observation is that incorporation of notions of distributive justice (even those as vague as “equitable and reasonable utilization”) as an indicator in the SDGs can advance and open the negotiation field on transboundary rivers between riparian states The mere use of “proportion of basins under operational arrangements” as an indicator for sustainability of transboundary water management is neither sufficient nor progressive in the sense that it does not seem concerned whether such arrangements were attained through unjust means and remain unfair various fundamental justice issues and considerations of ecological water rights and intergenerational justice can be highlighted better among the negotiating parties and may easily be assisted to visualize and realize the stakes and values placed by themselves and/or by other riparian states on shared water resources incorporating such requirements in the SDGs as indicators to monitor progress toward sustainability in transboundary water management is likely to invite a more accommodative negotiation atmosphere since intrinsic values by parties may be communicated much better We think that this article will serve as a starter for discussion on operationalization and inclusion of distributive justice theories in SDG 6.5.2 and similar sustainability assessment endeavors for proper accounting and monitoring of progress toward equity and sustainability in transboundary basins The original 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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited in accordance with accepted academic practice distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms *Correspondence: S. G. Yalew, cy5nLnlhbGV3QHR1ZGVsZnQubmw= Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher 94% of researchers rate our articles as excellent or goodLearn more about the work of our research integrity team to safeguard the quality of each article we publish Local Lowdown: A Memorial Day like no otherThe Petoskey News-ReviewPETOSKEY — Memorial Day 2020 will be different We will gather to hear the names of the fallen read aloud to a crowd is the overseer of Memorial Day observances in the Petoskey area the loss of life due to the novel coronavirus has exceeded the individual total of war casualties from the Korean and Vietnam conflicts,” Wildberg said the current number of deaths may come close to or even surpass the combined total of both these wars It is hard to imagine that the death toll of years of war is going to be surpassed in just a few months that is the reality we are facing today,” Wildberg said He remembers the names and faces of fallen heroes as college friends roommates and peers at the Officer Candidate School I went to college for one year before I was called to service “What makes a soldier fight is the comradeship you get by working together You know that your life depends on the guy that’s the next box over,” Wildberg said Memorial Day is a recognition of brotherhood between the living and those who have lost their lives serving the country in Pennsylvania Park the names of fallen soldiers are read aloud every memorial day Wildberg says this serves as a reminder that every freedom we enjoy today was given to us by a soldier and by next year we should be well on the way to recovery Thank a veteran when you see them in the community Stay safe and healthy for the duration of the pandemic,” Windburg said This year all local observances put on by the American Legion are canceled You can still honor fallen soldiers through donations to non-profit organizations that support families left behind a moment of silence or by hanging the American flag “I’ll look forward to seeing you next year in Pennsylvania park for our in-person Memorial Day events,” he said “What we have today was given to us by a veteran It’s not just the beginning of the summer season "The humanities expose us — often with brutal honesty — to vocabularies and insights adequate to the complexity of human experience, especially for an age marked by stubborn violence and tempted by reductive simplicity," said Eric Gregory, professor of religion and chair of the Humanities Council "Reading and arguing about works of literature or philosophy especially when historically or culturally distant allow us to read ourselves and take creative responsibility for those deepest commitments which give shape to our lives."   Students in two humanities courses this spring are examining the idea of evil through close reading and discussion of literary and philosophical texts from across the centuries and around the world leads a precept for his course "From Pandora to Psychopathy: Conceptions of Evil from Antiquity to the Present." One student questioned the phrase "unnecessary suffering." "I feel like that could be a relativistic term they killed servants and put them in the tomb with the pharaohs Does the fact that it's evil change based on time "We're looking at many atrocities in this course," Wildberg told the group "Maybe the people committing them did not experience it as committing evil The pharaohs thought they were doing the right thing but what was it like for the people who were killed you can look at the situation from various sides." Sophomore Caeley Harihara poses a question during a precept she said she was drawn to the reading list for Wildberg's course "full of classics I had always wanted to study." The focus of "From Pandora to Psychopathy," Wildberg said is: "To ask the great thinkers of our tradition the same question spoke about the Milgram Experiments on obedience to authority conducted in the 1960s Wildberg's own childhood in post-World War II Germany — and his commitment to the importance of the humanities — spurred the idea for this course which he taught for the first time last year the more I learned about Hitler's totalitarianism and its bigoted murderous policies the less comprehensible that history became to me," he said "How could a high culture in the heart of Europe collapse into complete moral bankruptcy just like that I designed this course as an indirect answer to that question hoping at the same time that it will give meaning and substance to the oft-repeated but actually quite nebulous assertion of the relevance of the humanities for the modern world." Wildberg is not surprised by the high enrollment in the class and believes that humanistic inquiry is valuable to every student "Every young person strives to make sense of the world he or she is born into," he said I suspect that our students begin to realize that the STEM curriculum alone does not provide the answers they need and expect from us." Sophomore Caeley Harihara, who is concentrating in electrical engineering said a course she took on metaphysics and epistemology last semester piqued her interest in philosophy She was drawn to the reading list for Wildberg's course which is "full of classics I had always wanted to study." Sophomore Clark Doyle, who is considering majoring in philosophy said he chose the course because of its interdisciplinary nature: blending philosophy He particularly enjoyed the precept discussion of Nietzsche "His work detailed a conception of evil where strong people were considered good whereas the weak were regarded as evil," Doyle said "This relatively primitive notion contrasted strongly with other philosophies of evil where conventional morality served as the basis for determining good and evil." During the precept discussion on Nietzsche Wildberg encouraged healthy skepticism: "What I want you to learn in this class is to read more carefully than you have read Stop at every sentence [and ask]: What is this doing to me Wildberg said he hopes his students walk away from the class "more empathically attuned to suffering sketches out thematic elements of one of the novels in his course "Topics in Literature and Ethics: Modern Evil." Readings include "The Reluctant Fundamentalist" by Mohsin Hamid students were transported to a small Southern town through the pages of Flannery O'Connor's short story "The Displaced Person." "Evil becomes most apparent when bad things happen to good people," Gikandi said "A Polish refugee arrives in town and begins the difficult task of remaking his life But he generates a crisis because he does not understand the racial laws governing the community none of the people around him are willing to help Gikandi wants students "to think about the role of language and the imagination in the theaters of modern evil not as something that happens in remote corners of the world but in our own cultures and civilizations," he said students read the novel "The Reluctant Fundamentalist" by Mohsin Hamid joins a prestigious Manhattan consulting firm in New York after graduation and starts dating Erica his relationship with Erica — and his vision of the American dream — founders as he battles the moral and religious push-pull of the two worlds who first taught the course in the aftermath of 9/11 added the novel to the syllabus when it was published in 2007 then dropped it when he wanted to focus on other issues such as genocide "But I have returned to it this year to get the students to think about the problem of imagining others as one of the catalysts for evil," he said "The book challenges our notions of self/other because it reverses and complicates who the other is Discussing the book early in the semester brings these questions closer to home." He said that jumping into larger events such as genocide and war too quickly presents the "danger that the students will see them as located outside their own range of experiences." Students reflect during a discussion in Gikandi's class The Princeton connection of "The Reluctant Fundamentalist" is useful "because it confronts the students with the paradox of the situation in which they find themselves — simultaneously privileged and challenged by an ethical demand to be in a place like Princeton is both a privilege and a responsibility." said he was surprised and flattered to learn that his novel is part of the syllabus "There's something very special about that for me: a coming full circle," Hamid said "I began my first novel ["Moth Smoke"] at Princeton a quarter-century ago and I remember reading (with a partisan level of excitement and interest) other Princeton-connected writers while I was a student." Hamid noted his novel's relevance to evil in current times to confront how you determine what you believe to be true in the face of an untrustworthy I think recent political events suggest that the need for each of us to take this task seriously is growing more pressing by the day," he said Also on the syllabus are Primo Levi's "Survival in Auschwitz," Edwidge Danticat's "The Dew Breaker," Michael Ondaatje's "Anil's Ghost" and Uzodinma Iweala's "Beast of No Nation." Junior Alejandro De La Garza and senior Shiyi Li said Levi's autobiographical account of 10 months spent in Auschwitz had the greatest impact of them said it was "incredibly painful" to read and "the most important book for me in grappling with the problem of representing evil in literature Never have I seen a more effective or comprehensive account of the dehumanization and hopelessness of victims of the Holocaust." Li, a chemical and biological engineering major said: "While we tend to regard those who commit evil as monstrous the reality is that those who commit evil are in fact ordinary individuals not dissimilar to ourselves almost anyone would be capable of radical evil — a sobering thought." This is exactly the kind of thinking Gikandi wants to evoke he showed the class an online album of photographs from the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington "The photograph of SS officers enjoying themselves a short distance from the crematoriums at Auschwitz is astounding," he said "Evil is not committed by demons but human beings to other human beings." Li said this course is one of several humanities courses she has taken during her time at Princeton — including the yearlong, team-taught Humanities Sequence and classes in art history the humanities have taught me how to appreciate and analyze literature how to conduct research on topics beyond science and how to contemplate complex social/philosophical issues with open-minded consideration of multiple approaches," she said During all the years he has taught this course Gikandi said he has been struck most deeply by "the things that seem to puzzle the students most: Do we have the right to represent the suffering of others What are we to do when suffering is presented in such beautiful and poetic language why does Ann — a character in Edwidge Danticat's 'The Dew Breaker' — marry the man who tortured and killed her brother?" Full Results  at the Marine Corps Holiday Classic on Saturday at the 168th Street Armory in New York This meet was filled with NJ#1 performances The UPenn-bound O'Shea, the NJ Meet of Champions winner in the 55 hurdles last winter, broke the county record of 8.06 that she set when she placed sixth at the New Balance Nationals last March. O'Shea, who finished behind the US#1 7.95 by Christina Warren of Perkiomen Valley (PA),  moved into a tie for No 12 on NJ all-time state list. O'Shea also ran a 25.6 200m leg on Ramapo's third-place SMR that ran a NJ#1 4:12.94 Matawan's sprint medley relay time of 3:36.61 shot them right up the rankings to US#1 and right behind them in second was South Brunswick running 3:37.93 for US#4 Just eight teams have gone under 3:40 so far this young season.  Union Catholic and Bullis of Maryland hooked up in a red hot 4x400 with Bullis winning in 3:53.90 and UC second in 3:53.95 the two fastest times in the nation this season Union Catholic also placed third in the 4x800 in a NJ #3 9:54.70 Leena Morant had a 57.32 split and Khamil Evans went 57.49 for UC in the 4x400. Jerika Lufrano had a huge day for Union Catholic Lufrano won the mile in a NJ#1 5:04.09 and led off the 4x800 with a 2:20.89 carry.   second in the LJ at the Meet of Champions last spring with a PR of 23-8 1/2 has a great shot of breaking the Mercer County indoor record of 23-10 set in 1985 by Matt Rose of Trenton No one else in the state has gone under 6.50 Princz, who won the 200m as a freshman at the Meet of Champions last June took over the state lead in the both the girls 55m dash and the 200m Princz ran a NJ#1 7.12 to place third in the 55 and ran an Atlantic County record 24.92 in the trials of the 200m Princz was fifth in the 200m final in 24.99 bounded out to a NJ #1 and broke her own Atlantic County record with a 39-1 in the girls triple jump to place second. Lufrano and Vanriele was second in the 800 in a NJ#1 2:12.42 Vanriele also ran a US#1 1:31.62 at the Glynn Holiday Invite at Ocean Breeze on Friday.   Hall, a senior, ran a NJ#1 49.58 to place fourth in the boys 400. Elijah Brown of Union Catholic improved his state lead in the boys triple jump with a runner-up jump of 45-10 3/4.   The Kingsway boys won the 4x800 in a NJ#3 8:15.71 and ran a NJ#5 10:52.07 to place in the DMR Carroll placed fourth and Handlin sixth.  Metrics details Epigenetics contributes to the pathogenesis of immune-mediated diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA) Here we show the first comprehensive epigenomic characterization of RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) RNA expression and whole-genome DNA methylation To address complex multidimensional relationship and reveal epigenetic regulation of RA we perform integrative analyses using a novel unbiased method to identify genomic regions with similar profiles Epigenomically similar regions exist in RA cells and are associated with active enhancers and promoters and specific transcription factor binding motifs Differentially marked genes are enriched for immunological and unexpected pathways with “Huntington’s Disease Signaling” identified as particularly prominent We validate the relevance of this pathway to RA by showing that Huntingtin-interacting protein-1 regulates FLS invasion into matrix This work establishes a high-resolution epigenomic landscape of RA and demonstrates the potential for integrative analyses to identify unanticipated therapeutic targets the epigenomic signals in RA and OA FLS mostly differ in magnitude rather than lead to distinct epigenetic states which also limits the applicability of segmentation methods in which signals are discretized and the subtle amplitude difference diminishes a systematic approach is needed to integrate large-scale autoimmune disease epigenomes to define the epigenomic landscape This platform clusters regions with similar epigenomic profiles across all the RA and OA FLS samples The epigenomic co-modifications identify clustered regions that share common functionality this is the first time that histone modifications ATAC-seq and RNA-seq data have been combined into a single analysis to capture the deep complexity of the epigenomic landscape in any immune-mediated disease Our approach incorporates signal intensities across all samples and can capture subtle epigenetic differences that distinguish RA EpiSig clusters enriched with differentially modified epigenetic regions (DMER) were then extracted to identify RA-specific pathways and transcription factor motifs that could be mined for novel therapeutic targets In addition to pathways known to be relevant to RA the “Huntington’s Disease Signaling” pathway was discovered as highly significant and biologically validated The new methodology and dataset provide a new way to identify RA-specific targets that can be used to develop novel therapeutic agents Overview of RA integrative analysis pipeline a Schematic representation of major omics methods used in RA FLS b Epigenomic landscape of RA FLS with six histone modifications The figure shows an example of the relative signal intensity across a selected region of the genome for each mark in RA and OA FLS the locations across chromosomes for the selected regions are indicated c Schematic overview of how EpiSig integrates different epigenetic marks The algorithm detects significant signals from sequencing data in 5 kb genome regions clusters regions based on similar epigenomic patterns and identify epigenomically similar regions and is further described in Supplementary Methods) b DMERs with enhancer and promoter histone marks account for the most common differences between RA and OA The red and yellow lines connect H3K27ac and H3K4me3 bars to the genome browser which shows an example of how those marks are differentially modified between RA and OA Overall, the 9 sections show distinct epigenomically co-modified functional characteristics. Examples of these signal profiles in the epigenomic landscape are shown in Fig. 2a H3K4me3 and open chromatin regions with relatively weaker H3K4me1 1 kb upstream of the TSS and 5′-UTR regions CpG islands are also highly covered in this section H3K4me1 signals and open chromatin regions which is likely associated with active enhancer regions This section is highly enriched with intergenic regions Section III is largely composed of bivalent promoters characterized by intermediate H3K4me3 signals together with the repressive mark H3K27me3 and enriched with regions around annotated TSSs the poised promoters are highly enriched with chromosome X loci (~21% of regions in section III are located on chromosome X) which was identified by our previous DNA methylation studies and plays a critical role in cell proliferation It also provides further evidence that our unbiased methods have biologic relevance and FADS3 overlapped with three DMERs (H3K27ac Integrative analysis identified 13 clusters with significantly enriched DMERs a The 13 enriched clusters are shown with the number of DMERs in each cluster the relative abundance of various types of differential marks is shown and demonstrates the high abundance of active enhancer and active promoter marks (section I and II) Nine clusters are associated with active enhancers and four with active promoters b Characterization of three clusters with the most DMERs (1 Top DMGs (left) and top enriched biological pathways associated with these genes (right) are shown Cluster 8 is associated with active enhancer regions and 52% of the DMER differences between RA and OA are due to the H3K27ac mark DMERs in open chromatin regions and DEGs are 16% and 10% of the DMERs The cluster with the next most significantly enriched DMERs is cluster 1 which is associated with active promoter regions About 74% of difference between RA and OA in cluster 1 is due to promoter mark H3K4me3 The activation mark H3K27ac accounted for ~11% of DMERs Cluster 7 is the third most DMER enriched cluster and with a 59% difference between RA and OA for H3K27ac these active enhancer associated regions are a characteristic chromatin state that distinguishes RA and OA methylation chips) include “Integrin Signaling” The current dataset confirm those findings many additional non-obvious pathways also emerge from the epigenomic landscape and could be used to identify potential pathogenic genes Prioritized enriched biological pathways and transcription factor (TF) motifs analysis a Prioritized biological pathways ranked by the number of occurrences in the eight clusters with significantly enriched pathways (left) and DMGs with associated DMERs in “Huntington’s Disease Signaling” pathway (right) b Prioritized TF motifs ranked by the frequency in 13 clusters (left) The significantly enriched de novo TF binding motifs are shown on the right Biologic validation of HIP1 as a key pathway in RA FLS a Left: HIP1 protein expression in FLS; right: decreased HIP1 expression induced by siRNA knockdown b HIP1 deficiency significantly reduced RA FLS invasion through Matrigel Left three panels: morphologic differences in HIP1 deficient cells demonstrate a stellar morphology with reduced number and size of lamellipodia and reduced co-localization of phospho-FAK Right three panels: RA FLS transfected with siRNA control (green = phospho-FAK; blue = phalloidin/actin filaments; ×600 magnification) d Altered phenotype of the HIP1-deficient FLS Top panel: siRNA HIP1 had reduced cell elongation (E elongated; R&S round and stellar morphology; #p-value = 0.0006) Middle panel: siRNA HIP1 decreased thin central filaments and thick actin filaments Bottom panel: siRNA HIP1 knockdown also reduced the number of lamellipodia and their polarized distribution All p-values are calculated by paired t-test and error bars indicate standard deviations Although treatment of RA has improved dramatically in recent years current targeted therapies usually fail to induce remission and many patients do not respond to any available agent Most efforts to develop new therapies rely on candidate gene approaches that have emerged from traditional biological research that dissect pathogenesis This approach has limited potential to discover entirely new and unanticipated pathogenic processes that contribute to disease we developed genome-wide unbiased methodology and datasets that can identify surprising pathways and genes involved in immune dysfunction By integrating multiple epigenetic technologies we hoped to define pathogenesis of disease and discover non-obvious targets We generated the largest collection of epigenomes for RA FLS by profiling six histone modification patterns RNA expression and whole-genome DNA methylation and established the first high-resolution global epigenomic landscape for RA To address the complex multidimensional relationships of those epigenomes and identify co-modified regions integrative analysis was performed using a novel unbiased method The analysis grouped the RA genome into 125 clusters based on epigenetic marks in multiple regulatory/functional elements This is the first time whole-genome DNA methylation and the transcriptome have been incorporated into the integration method with histone modifications which allows a detailed understanding of the epigenomic landscape HIP1 is particularly prominent in this pathway and its potential involvement in oncology led us to reason that this might be especially interesting and worth exploring further The fact that we were able to validate the role of a key protein in the “Huntington’s Disease Signaling” pathway indicates that our unbiased method can identify novel potential therapeutic targets Other genes that are differentially marked in this pathway include phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases We are particularly intrigued by the potential use of histone deacetylase inhibitors to remodel the epigenome and alter enhancer activity thereby modifying aggressive RA FLS behavior transcription factor motifs were identified that distinguish RA from OA and the bZip motifs were particularly noted as enriched in DMERs These motifs play a critical role in the regulation of metalloproteinases and cytokines that are pathogenic in RA Because, we have previously evaluated joint location-specific changes in RA16 we also assessed the differences between hip and knee FLS lines (n = 5 and 3 the present study was underpowered due to limited sample size and identified <200 DMERs using the same criteria The previous studies showed that the magnitude of the differences between joints within RA is much less than the difference between OA and RA Thus it is not surprising that many more samples are required to evaluate more subtle joint location-specific marks and it is unlikely that these modest differences affect the overall RA vs the present studies provide a full dataset required for detailed analysis of primary cells isolated directly from the site of this destructive disease but it is disease agnostic and can be applied to any immune-mediated disease if the datasets are available The use of FLS simplified our studies because they are a homogenous cell lineage and play a critical role in rheumatoid joint damage Studies on peripheral blood cells or other cells in disease tissue would require separation into individual lineages because single cell assays are not feasible with current technology for most of the marks studied Future studies are required to validate the large number of unanticipated targets and pathways as well as explore diversity between patients and individualize treatment cells were serum starved for 2 days and transfected with siRNA in DMEM containing 1% FBS and supplements Total RNA was extracted and the quality of all samples was evaluated using an Agilent Bioanalyzer The samples had an average RNA Integrity Number (RIN) of 9.4 with a minimum of 7.5 Sequencing libraries were prepared using TruSeq Stranded Total RNA RiboZero protocol from Illumina Libraries were pooled and sequenced with an Illumina HiSeq 2000 Raw read quality was evaluated using FastQC Adapter and low quality bases below a quality score of 15 were trimmed from raw RNA-seq reads reads with less than 30 bp were further discarded The remaining reads were aligned to human reference genome hg19 using STAR (2.3.0) and assembled and quantified by HTSeq (0.5.4p5) DEGs were identified using DESeq2 package in R twofold change of gene expression levels between RA and OA should be achieved and the B-H adjusted p-value is <0.05 transcription levels were then converted to log2 of the normalized counts The sample preparation for ChIP-seq was performed using the Zymo-spin ChIP kit (Zymo Research CA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions Raw ChIP-seq reads of 11 RA and 11 OA samples each with six histone modifications (H3K4me1 were mapped to hg19 genome using bwa (0.7.7-r441) Peaks were called using MACS2 (2.1.0.20150420.1) using a p-value cutoff of 0.1 for broad marks (9me3 To assess the library complexity and the enrichment of the data quality control was done using several metrics fraction of reads that fall into peak regions normalized strand cross-correlation coefficient and the relative strand cross-correlation coefficient ChIP-seq DMERs were determined by DiffBind package in R with q-value <0.05 for six marks ATAC-seq data were processed using Bowtie and read depth was normalized ATAC-seq DMERs were determined by DiffBind package in R with q-value <0.05 The bisulfite conversion and sequencing were performed by GATC Biotech AG (Germany) WGBS data were processed with DSS package in R Differentially methylated loci (DMLs) were determined and Differentially methylated regions were defined by callDMR function with delta beta of DMLs >0.05 and q-value <0.0015 Compared to previous ChromaSig developed in Perl script EpiSig was rewritten with C++ in a single standalone program and provides two running modes which significantly improved speed and performance EpiSig is an unsupervised learning approach to simultaneously clusters aligns sequencing patterns without prior knowledge one important step is to find the initial seeds among the remained loci EpiSig provides another information entropy based method to find the candidate seed loci the maximum intra-entropy loci (enriched signal window) are selected then the minimum inter-entropy loci are added to the seed set Actually they measure the similarities among them To handle the different sequencing types such as histone modification data EpiSig utilizes a bi-clustering thinking to concatenate different data types into one larger data window when aligning them This provides a more meaningful and accurate pattern discovering approach To assess the co-modified regions in RA and non-RA normalized and filtered ensuring a uniform description of the information based on read depth inputs were subtracted from the histone mark data The comprehensive dataset is then preprocessed by EpiSig by dividing the data into binned binary files EpiSig performs data normalization using a sigmoid function followed by scanning the data for enriched regions To facilitate interpretation of the result these individual EpiSig clusters were further combined into sections using a SOM algorithm The human genome hg19 was used as reference genome with functional annotation in GENCODE v19 CpG islands and TSSs were downloaded from UCSC table browser The genome annotation was performed by overlapping targeted regions with gene exon The coverage is defined as the percentage of overlapped regions The chromosome annotation was calculated as the percentage of 5 kb regions in each chromosome and followed by chromosome length and cluster size normalization If multiple DMERs were assigned to the same gene the average of fold changes was calculated Log2 fold change was used for the plot except for WGBS stringent cutoff of q-value <0.01 was applied to DMERs from six histone modification marks and open chromatin region Because different analysis methods were used for identifying DEG and DNA methylation DMERs Enriched DMERs (from six histone modifications open chromatin regions and DNA methylation) were assigned to nearby genes using GREAT analysis with default settings The DMER assigned genes together with DEGs were collected for pathway analysis in each cluster we did not assign different weights to DEGs/DMERs To test for significant enrichment of DMER in each cluster hypergeometric test was performed using R package clusters with hypergeometric test q-value <0.05 and number of associated genes >200 were selected Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) (QIAGEN Redwood City) was used for pathway analysis pathways were prioritized based on their frequency in the enriched clusters Motif analysis was performed in 13 clusters using HOMER38 q-value of 0.1 was used as the cutoff of known motif enrichment de novo motif was also discovered and scores were calculated indicating matches to known motifs de novo motifs with p-value <1e−12 and score >0.7 were listed and a non-coding control were purchased from Thermo Scientific (Lafayette CO) and transfected into RA FLS according to the manufacturer’s instructions FLS derived from RA FLS were transfected siRNA in the presence of DharmaFECT reagent 1 in DMEM media with NEAA cells were used for invasion experiments or immunofluorescence Aliquots were used for cell lysis to confirm gene knockdown with western blot and qPCR FLS in serum free medium were placed in the upper compartment of the Matrigel-coated inserts The lower compartment was filled with 10% FBS and incubated for 24 h The insert was stained with crystal violet and the total number of cells that invaded through Matrigel was counted with ImageJ cell counter software A quantity of 5 μg of FLS protein/lane were loaded into a NuPAGE 10% Bis-Tris gel (Invitrogen) in the presence of MES buffer (Invitrogen) and electrophoresed under reducing conditions the membranes were incubated with anti-HIP1 rabbit monoclonal antibody (Abcam HRP-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG antibody (GE Healthcare Proteins were visualized with Clarity Western ECL substrate (Bio-Rad Rat anti-actin antibody (Cell Signaling technology qPCR was performed as previously described41 Ct (threshold cycle) values were adjusted for Ubiquitin in each sample (ΔCt) and fold differences were calculated with the 2−ΔΔCt method The data that support the findings of this study have been deposited in Gene Expression Omnibus with the primary accession code GSE112658 Other data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding authors upon request Synovial cellular and molecular markers in rheumatoid arthritis DNA methylation and miRNA--key roles in systemic autoimmunity Epigenetic changes in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases An imprinted rheumatoid arthritis methylome signature reflects pathogenic phenotype DNA methylome signature in early rheumatoid arthritis synoviocytes compared with longstanding rheumatoid arthritis synoviocytes Histone methylation and STAT-3 differentially regulate interleukin-6-induced matrix metalloproteinase gene activation in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts DNA methylome signature in rheumatoid arthritis Fibroblast-like synoviocytes: key effector cells in rheumatoid arthritis transcriptomics and proteomics to elucidate the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis Epigenomic elements enriched in the promoters of autoimmunity susceptibility genes ChromHMM: automating chromatin-state discovery and characterization Unsupervised pattern discovery in human chromatin structure through genomic segmentation Mapping and analysis of chromatin state dynamics in nine human cell types LBH gene transcription regulation by the interplay of an enhancer risk allele and DNA methylation in rheumatoid arthritis Regulation of the cell cycle and inflammatory arthritis by the transcription cofactor LBH gene Joint-specific DNA methylation and transcriptome signatures in rheumatoid arthritis identify distinct pathogenic processes Immunopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis The JAK inhibitor tofacitinib suppresses synovial JAK1-STAT signalling in rheumatoid arthritis Knockdown of HIP1 expression promotes ligand‑induced endocytosis of EGFR in HeLa cells Prognostic significance of huntingtin interacting protein 1 expression on patients with acute myeloid leukemia Invasiveness of fibroblast-like synoviocytes is an individual patient characteristic associated with the rate of joint destruction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis The arthritis severity locus Cia5d is a novel genetic regulator of the invasive properties of synovial fibroblasts Liver X receptor regulates rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocyte invasiveness Synovial fibroblasts of patients with rheumatoid arthritis attach to and invade normal human cartilage when engrafted into SCID mice Anchorage-independent growth of synoviocytes from arthritic and normal joints Stimulation by exogenous platelet-derived growth factor and inhibition by transforming growth factor-beta and retinoids Regulation of joint destruction and inflammation by p53 in collagen-induced arthritis Synovial fibroblasts spread rheumatoid arthritis to unaffected joints Cadherin 11 promotes invasive behavior of fibroblast-like synoviocytes The American Rheumatism Association 1987 revised criteria for the classification of rheumatoid arthritis 2010 Rheumatoid arthritis classification criteria: an American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism collaborative initiative Development of criteria for the classification and reporting of osteoarthritis Classification of osteoarthritis of the knee Diagnostic and Therapeutic Criteria Committee of the American Rheumatism Association The American College of Rheumatology criteria for the classification and reporting of osteoarthritis of the hip Transposition of native chromatin for fast and sensitive epigenomic profiling of open chromatin DNA-binding proteins and nucleosome position ChromaSig: a probabilistic approach to finding common chromatin signatures in the human genome GREAT improves functional interpretation of cis-regulatory regions Simple combinations of lineage-determining transcription factors prime cis-regulatory elements required for macrophage and B cell identities CXCL10 and its receptor CXCR3 regulate synovial fibroblast invasion in rheumatoid arthritis The cation channel Trpv2 is a new suppressor of arthritis severity Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method Download references the Rheumatology Research Foundation (Disease Targeted Research) Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine provided substantial contributions to study conception and design; D.H. participated in data analysis and interpretation; The article was drafted and revised critically for important intellectual content by G.S.F. All the remaining authors declare no competing interests Publisher's note: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations Download citation DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04310-9 Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: a shareable link is not currently available for this article Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science Swiss pilot Andy Aebi foot-launched his paramotor from Wildberg airport in Germany and flew a 883km FAI triangle on 15 July. He has put in a claim with the FAI for a paramotor closed-circuit World distance record Andy launched at 5:46am and was in the air for 14 hours and five minutes His sights were initially set on a 1,000km flight but he experienced problems with the fuel system making it a 911km tracklog distance and an 883km FAI triangle.Phi’s Benni Hörburger commented “He still had two hours – he had time but it was rather difficult without petrol!” the smaller-than-standard size made specially for the record It was powered by a Miniplane paramotor with a Top 80 engine He launched with 60 litres of fuel onboard the full-weight version of Phi’s X-Alps wing Phi say it has an “extremely stable aerofoil” Hannes Papesh answered a question on Facebook “So does this mean Phi are coming in to paramotoring?” with a “Yes See the flight on XContest This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks The action you just performed triggered the security solution There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page have been regular supporters of Thank-A-Vet over the years In addition to singing songs for veterans Friday the schools collected monetary donations for the event aimed at supporting veterans through Housing Help of Lenawee’s Dire Need Fund Alexander (students and veterans in attendance pictured above) donated $380 Gleaner Legacy Arbor 764 (Palmyra) donated $1,000.00 and the Joseph Wildberg Fund for Veterans gave $321 in matching funds Prairie Elementary contributed $218 to Thank-A-Vet Friday WLEN News talked with people involved with the programs at both schools and captured some photos (pictures below are of the Prairie concert at the Adrian High School Performing Arts Center) a parent and graduate of Adrian Public School gave matching funds through the Joseph Wildberg Fund for Veterans He served in the Army for over 25 years retiring as a Lt He continued to volunteer after retirement assisting in the command of the Wolverine and Petoskey American Legion offices Elly talked to WLEN News about what is means for the trust…named after her father…to donate this year… Principal Shanan Henline explained why the school continues to support local veterans through donations and a musical performance… a Kindergarten teacher (and organizer of the Veteran’s event) talked to WLEN News about why she continues to go what she does with the students at Prairie The event has been going on for 17 years now… Sign up for WLEN’s weekday newsletter:  Follow WLEN on social media:    died of cardiovascular disease at home in Princeton and transferred to emeritus status in 2010 “Professor Martin was a trailblazer in many respects,” said Barbara Graziosi the Ewing Professor of Greek Language and Literature professor of classics and department chair “She was the first woman appointed to a tenured faculty position in the Department of Classics As an early member and active participant in the Women’s Classical Caucus (WCC) she made it easier for others to follow suit not just here Martin co-organized the conference “Feminism and Classics: Framing the Research Agenda” that was among the gatherings held to celebrate Princeton’s 250th anniversary Graziosi said the national WCC appointment strengthened Martin’s impact on the field “She showed how the study of medieval Latin belongs in a classics department not least by illuminating the context that made it possible for ancient texts to survive and be received by later readers With her emphasis on transmission and reception — i.e how ancient texts made it into the modern world — she proposed an expansive vision of our field Medieval Latin continues to be an important aspect of what we offer at Princeton Classics.” a founding member of the Women’s Classical Caucus and professor of classics and distinguished scholar-teacher emerita at the University of Maryland-College Park said: “From its earliest days onward, the WCC benefited mightily from Janet’s keen and probing mind, meticulous labors and vision of a more principled and equitable future for women, and the study of gender, in the field of classics.” director of the Humanities Council’s Program in Medieval Studies and a 1973 graduate alumnus said Martin was indispensable in helping to establish the undergraduate Program in Medieval Studies who from early in her career at Princeton shared her expertise with many medievalists on the faculty,” he said noting that she frequently gave invited lectures in the gateway course for undergraduate certificate students in medieval studies “She inspired a number of them to pursue graduate study in the field.” the Andrew Fleming West Professor of Classics when she was a graduate student and he was an instructor; they became colleagues when Martin joined Princeton’s faculty "She had an admirable mastery of both ancient and medieval Latin,” he said “I respected her for her high scholarly standards and her willingness to share her impressive knowledge with those who genuinely wished to learn." remembered Martin’s collegiality from the moment he joined the faculty "Janet was very friendly and supportive (I especially remember her kindness during my job interview) and that continued over the years,” he said I thought there was something avuncular about her which I appreciated as a new member of the department." a paper manufacturing engineer and executive were both graduates of Louisiana State University Martin received her bachelor’s in the history and literature of the Middle Ages at Radcliffe College in 1961 she received her master’s in classical studies in 1963 and earned her Ph.D in medieval Latin from Harvard University in 1968 After four years as an instructor and assistant professor at Harvard University including a year as a fellow of the American Academy in Rome Martin spent the rest of her career at Princeton literature and history of the Middle Ages remained at the center of her teaching and scholarship at the University Her edition of selected letters of Peter the Venerable was published by the Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies in 1974 and there followed a series of papers on the reception and circulation of classical literature in medieval Europe and a study on the text and music of Hildegard of Bingen and Latin paleography and textual criticism to students From undergraduate courses on the tragic heroine and women’s writings to a graduate seminar on feminist literary theory and the classics her teaching helped to open new vistas in the field Her undergraduate courses included “The Age of Nero,” “Introduction to Medieval Latin," “Women's Texts and Women's Experience in Classical Antiquity and the Middle Ages” and “The World of the Middle Ages,” among others Her graduate seminars included “Problems in Latin Literature: Feminist Literary Theory and the Classics,” “Survey of Early Medieval Latin Literature” and “The Classical Tradition in the Middle Ages" (sometimes taught as "Medieval Latin Literature and Women's Experience”) a 1996 classics major who also earned a certificate in medieval studies said the “insightful guidance” he gained from Martin as his senior thesis adviser and in the classroom still informs his own work with students as an associate professor and the chair of the classics department at Santa Clara University generous and flexible mentor who would support her students while giving them the space to pursue their own interests,” said Turkeltaub who took her medieval Latin class senior year He remembered how she took advantage of the small class size choosing “fascinating readings for us that were unusual but suited the personal interests of her students.” When Turkeltaub had trouble deciding on a senior thesis topic Martin gave him a book she thought would interest him Ernst Curtius' “European Literature and the Latin Middle Ages.” A paragraph on page 30 gave him the idea that jumpstarted his thesis “She helped me build the confidence to write a senior thesis on the rather bizarre topic I had selected — “The Gods of Medieval Troy: An Analysis of the Depictions of the Classical Gods in the Texts of Dares and Dictys” — even though it was not something she had explored before I have tried to emulate her flexibility and graciousness still today when I advise my own students even when they bring me ideas for their senior capstone projects that are just as unusual and novel to me as the idea I brought to her 28 years ago.” a classics major and member of the Class of 1993 now the vice chancellor for research and policy analysis at the University System of Georgia took courses in Roman satire and medieval Latin with Martin “Professor Martin was very passionate about these topics and her enthusiasm for them shone in her teaching,” said Bell she ensured we got and enjoyed the humor in the satire and the medieval Latin course provided the opportunity to learn about women authors Her high standards pushed me to work hard and deepen my essay responses on exams Her feminist reading of Classical texts was influential as I carried out my independent work at Princeton and even as I taught high school Latin for many years.” Martin's many contributions to the University community include a more than a decade’s service on the executive committee of the Program in Medieval Studies as well as serving as a founding member of the Women’s Studies Committee and an associated faculty member with the Program in Women’s Studies (now the Program in Gender and Sexuality Studies) She was also a longtime member of the American Philological Association and the Classical Association of the Atlantic States View or share comments on a memorial page intended to honor Martin’s life and legacy at the Toms River Bubble starting at 4:00pm the NJSIAA will kick off the brand new Long Jump Showcase event for the Meet of Champions especially with the talent that has come through New Jersey in recent years The event has to compete on a separate day from the rest of the meet because the placement of the sand pit requires the track as part of its runway.  There will be 28 boys and 25 girls who will showcase their jumping talents Some of their seeded marks are from this current indoor season while others were improved by carrying over their 2018 outdoor performance Each athlete will have four attempts and the top eight after the best are tallied will receive medals.   Expect updates about the meet leaders on twitter @njmilesplit and a photo album and interviews to follow the meet.   For the boys the top seed coming in is Nils Wildberg of Princeton the senior was second at the outdoor Meet of Champions in the event last spring with a jump of 23-08.5 and has two career top six finishes there It hasn't been the smoothest indoor season for the current state leader however.  He's led the state indoors pretty much this entire season with his 23-04.5 mark from late December but suffered with a partial meniscus tear and missed most of the 2019 indoor campaign Other than powering through for a mark at Mercer County Championships for third in January he made his full speed return this week at Eastern States Championships he matched his state leading mark of 23-04.5 to become the 2019 Eastern States Long Jump Champion and then passed the rest likely not wanting to push it on his return.  When looking at February alone Emari Guillette and his 21-10.5 is the third best mark of the month only behind Wildberg's 23-04.5 and Joshua McDonald's 22-04.  McDonald who was second at Eastern States for Franklin Twp The girls meet is led by Tionna Tobias of Winslow Twp seed wise thanks to her 19-11.5 from spring season she currently ranks NJ#5 indoors with a mark of 18-06.5 to win the Ocean Breeze Invitational at the end of January It works well for her that this is held on a different date from the other events as she qualified for three others out of Groups She won the outdoor Meet of Champions last spring with a mark of 19-05.25 One of the other top contenders is just coming back from injury. Tiffany Bautista of Paramus Catholic injured her ankle back in January after a passerby walked onto her runway She did compete at Eastern States on Tuesday but didn't achieve a mark finishing with a recorded foul She is second on this list at 19-02.5 from last spring ranks NJ#4 with her 18-07 earlier this indoors and is still working her way back into true form.  Her teammates Kennedee Cox and Isabelle Dely will also have a great shot ranking NJ#2 and #3 this season with marks of 18-10 and 18-09. Dely was second at Eastern States Championships this week, only behind the new state leader Leah Ellis of Millville Unfortunately Ellis and her freshman state record of 19-03 aren't competing in the showcase.  Many of those girls ranked top ten in the state this indoor season.  Whoever wins is the first name on the list for the meet's history Good luck to everyone who made the showcase.  Our radio stations aim to bring Hope for Everyone Listen to engaging conversations and watch captivating stories in the Hope 103.2 podcasts collection Your place to find community events and a local church for support or just to say hello to our friendly team will be honoured as part of a massive multi-media commemoration on the 80th anniversary of Kristallnacht at the Australian Catholic University (ACU) in Fitzroy Artistic and musical director for the performance Warren Wills shared the story on 'Open House' Night of Broken Glass is a socially-inclusive performance that will combine the recollections and talents of descendants of William Cooper Indigenous and multicultural theatre and dance groups school students and disadvantaged Victorians Night of Broken Glass commemorates the events of Kristallnacht Nazi paramilitary and civilians killed at least 91 Jews and began anti-Jewish pogroms that saw the destruction of schools businesses properties and 267 synagogues across Germany These events led to the arrests and incarceration of 30,000 Jews in concentration camps and are viewed as the beginning of the Holocaust William Cooper led a protest delegation of the Australian Aborigines’ League to the German Consulate in Melbourne to deliver a petition which condemned the “cruel persecution of the Jewish people by the Nazi Government” Cooper walked nearly 10 kilometres from his home in Melbourne’s west to the CBD with his friends The German Consulate did not accept the petition. William Cooper’s protest is now regarded as the only private protest following the events of Kristallnacht Night of Broken Glass is a project of Australian composer and musical director Warren Wills and ACU educationalist “Every Australian child should learn the story of William Cooper,” says Dr Rankin “As one of Australia’s largest teacher-training universities, we want to prepare our students to teach this inspirational piece of Australian history.” Modelled on previous inclusive music projects run in the UK Night of Broken Glass will be an entertaining educational and inspiring experience championing the human rights of all oppressed peoples It will use music and dance to unite different generations and cultures alternating company of over 300 amateur youth and professional actors students from St Matthews Primary School Fawkner Brothers in Arms Aboriginal dance company and the recently formed Night of Broken Glass has been created in partnership with the German Embassy in Australia and the German Consul in Melbourne. It is supported by the Australian Catholic University and the Pratt Foundation. There will be two performances: 3.00pm and 6.00pm on Sunday 18th November Tickets cost $25. Further information and tickets are available here Warren Wills has worked with many of the world’s best cabaret He is considered to be one of the most versatile and gifted musicians on the international scene 5 major orchestral works and music direction credits on more than 50 productions Warren is convinced that music education is a fantastic catalyst for touching hearts and breaking down barriers and has a special interest in inclusive music education for children with special needs He dedicates much of his time in London to working with the Haringey Shed Theatre Company which helps North London’s troubled teenagers dancing and acting in large scale music productions When Kurt Wildberg was just seven years old he couldn’t possibly understand the significance of the Iron Cross that his father had pinned to the inside of his lapel That WWI decoration enabled the family to escape a fate so many other Jews couldn’t when on a cold November evening in 1938 – the night that later came to be known as Kristallnacht or Night of Broken Glass – they lined up at a Munich railway station to leave for Switzerland Wildberg remembers well the events that led to their escape.  “Early in the morning the phone rang several times,” he said very upset because the Gestapo had taken their husbands away. We were at my grandmother’s house because we were planning to come to Australia My father decided to leave the house that night because they were bound to come and pick him up.  He had a large footwear business and he went to get one of his chauffers he picked us all up and took us to the station.” Most Jews trying to leave Munich by train were told to stay in line and were prevented from boarding Wildberg’s father had lost a leg in WWI and when told to line up he turned the lapel of his jacket to show the soldier in charge the Iron Cross he had been awarded in that war. He said “I’m a war invalid and I can’t stand for any length of time.” The family was taken to a large office where the commandant was seated and after some discussion Leo Trosky died when he was thrown out of the fourth floor window of his home with his parents Leon’s father had tried to resist the Brown Shirts (SA) coming in to their apartment First Leon’s father was thrown out of the apartment window “When I went to see my friend and check if he was OK I didn’t understand what death was.” Henri’s family was saved by an unlikely saviour neighbour whose two sons were early SS men however she stopped three determined Brown Shirts who had Henri’s family on their list to arrest as Jews She was able to talk them into believing they had made mistake and that the family was pure bred German To this day Henri doesn’t know why she protected them To listen to the podcast of this conversation click the red play button at the top of the page, or you can subscribe to Open House podcasts in iTunes and they will appear in your feed.  Writers from our Real Hope community offer valuable wisdom and insights based on their own experiences Christian Living Myanmar: How to Help Guests and Artists Love Behind Bars Woke: The Good, the Bad and the Better Books Book Review: ‘What Are You Going to Do’? 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We extend that respect to all First Nations peoples. Play Duration: 4 minutes 18 seconds4m 18sPresented by Ours is an era tested by rising intolerance, a moment where the language of one of the darkest chapters of the human story is returning. And today is a day to reflect: it is 80 years since the Night of Broken Glass — Kristallnacht in German — a night when the Nazis destroyed hundreds of synagogues and rounded up tens of thousands of Jewish men, sending them to concentration camps. The resulting shards of glass that littered the streets gave the night its ominous title, also marking a turning point in the atrocities of the Holocaust. And that was not missed on one particular man here in Australia, who, incensed, stood up against those atrocities. Jess Davis reports his life is now being remembered through musical theatre. Warren Wills, musical director of Night of Broken GlassAlfred Turner ("Uncle Boydie"), grandson of William CooperKurt Wildberg, Kristallnacht survivorDr Beth Rankin, Australian Catholic University Just one of the thousands of shattered windows after kristallnacht.(Supplied) Download the ABC listen app to hear more of your favourite podcasts