Maritime archaeologists from the Danish Viking Ship Museum in Roskilde face an urgent challenge: one of the best-preserved underwater Stone Age settlements in the world
Tudse Hage by Skelskør Fjord on the west coast of the Danish island of Zealand
One of the best-preserved underwater Stone Age settlements in the world is located at Tudse Hage
near the mouth of Skælskør Fjord on the west coast of the Danish island of Zealand
The settlement is over 7,000 years old and dates back to the Early Stone Age
The Viking Ship Museum is currently conducting an underwater investigation of the unique archaeological site at Tudse Hage
The area around Tudse Hage contains exceptionally well-preserved and rare ancient artifacts
but after having been safely buried under meters of sand and silt
erosion now threatens to wash away all traces
along with researchers from the National Museum
is mapping the preservation conditions around a 7,000-year-old underwater Stone Age settlement from the Ertebølle culture
The investigations are funded by the Danish Agency for Culture and Palaces' fund for sites threatened by cultivation and erosion
as severe erosion threatens to destroy the site's invaluable cultural heritage
Tudse Hage is one of the best-preserved underwater Stone Age settlements in the world
Finds from the area include unique items such as tools made of antler and bone
rare discoveries of well-preserved fishing equipment
which is now gently protected under a layer of sandbags
"The seas around Denmark hold some of the best-preserved Stone Age settlements in the world
the preservation conditions are so good that the leaves from trees that are 7,000 years old are still green when we reach the ancient settlement layers," says curator Morten Johansen
head of maritime archaeological investigations at the Viking Ship Museum in Roskilde
» Follow this link to watch video from the underwater excavation
The site was first found in the 1950s by a recreational diver
the area has been the subject of numerous excavations and studies
archaeologists expect to find even more traces of Stone Age daily life and perhaps gain answers as to how the development of specialised fishing and hunting technology changed people's lives 7,000 years ago
"Underwater Stone Age settlements provide us with completely new knowledge about how people lived 7-9,000 years ago
we can gain insight into technological development and find answers to big questions about when humans started building boats and using fishing tools—developments that significantly changed people's ability to gather food and create connections across the rising seas," explains Morten Johansen
The Tudse Hage settlement is located just 50 meters from the coast at a depth of 2 to 3.5 meters and covers an area of approximately 250 by 250 meters
The preservation conditions at Tudse Hage have been so optimal that organic materials
and the personal equipment of prehistoric people
tell the story of a world that was submerged after the Ice Age when the sea levels rose significantly
Erosion at Tudse Hage has been significant in recent years
Parts of the settlement have been exposed by the force of the waves
and maritime archaeologists have documented such extensive sediment loss that the fragile settlement material is at risk
"It’s no longer just a theoretical risk; erosion is already well underway
we documented changes in sedimentation and found several exposed artifacts lying freely on the seabed
intact red deer antlers and half of a dog skull
This tells us that the settlement layer is undergoing rapid degradation."
The goal of the investigations is therefore not just to document the site itself but also to understand how changes in current conditions and erosion affect the preservation of these unique cultural relics
and with that goes our chance to learn about ancient technology
and daily life," Morten Johansen emphasizes
The museums continue to work with recreational divers to monitor the Stone Age site
and it is partly based on their recurring observations that archaeologists know that ancient finds are regularly exposed in the area
Tudse Hage has the potential to reveal an entirely new side of Denmark's prehistory
But if erosion is allowed to continue without extensive excavations
this opportunity will be lost—like a Stone Age Atlantis slowly sinking into the oblivion of the sea
» Follow this link to find press photos from the underwater excavation
as severe erosion threatens to destroy the settlement's invaluable cultural heritage
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The Viking Ship Museum in Roskilde is the home of five world famous Viking ships and is the Danish museum for ships
seafaring and boatbuilding culture in ancient and medieval times
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By Maura Maxwell2022-12-13T11:34:00+00:00
packing and sorting machinery for the fruit and vegetable industry
has installed a customised automated packing line for Scandinavia’s biggest cherry producer
Newtec said this latest collaboration demonstrates that its weighing and packing solutions can address challenges related to product fragility and meet the client’s requirements for gentle and accurate operations
Danfrugt Skælskør employs more than 200 people and produces and distributes cherries in 300g clamshell punnets
Newtec said its solution combines high speed and weighing accuracy with gentle product handling
It has installed a model h3009MD weighing machine
for the accurate weighing and packing of cherries
Danfrugt Skælskør CEO Anders Piper commented: “cherries are difficult to handle because they are at risk of being bruised
We specifically chose Newtec’s weighing/packing line because extra product care is taken on every step of the weighing/packing process to eliminate mechanical injuries”
Newtec said its automated processes have improved capacity
therefore minimising the possibility of human error and enhancing production while saving product
“It is important to us that our handpicked
high-quality cherries are handled gently and yet efficiently on Newtec’s machines
enabling us to get our fresh cherries weighed
packed and delivered as quickly as possible to ensure a long product shelf- life,” Piper said
Newtec said its solution achieves excellent product care and boosted production through an efficient portion collecting system
whose tilted sides allow for a soft landing on the cross conveyor
“An additional and customised feature is the special cherry kit
which guarantees appropriate handling of sensitive cherries and prevents them from getting damaged or their stems from getting stuck throughout the process,” it said
the cherries are only exposed to low drops
V-shaped weight heads offer extra protection against damage
Side guards and flights make sure that the cherries stay in the punnets
According to Piper: “With Newtec’s weighing/packing solution for our valuable cherries
we ensure that our high-quality requirements are met with gentle handling of our fragile berries
accurate weighing in 300g clamshell punnets and a high capacity.”
Piper concludes: “By having an integrated solution that automatically weighs portions and packs them into punnets
we can with one or two employees make 40-45 punnets per minute/person
where before we could make five to ten punnets per minute/ person.”
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student studying submerged remains off the coasts of Denmark and Connecticut says underwater archaeology is a field that’s rich in research potential
Archaeological digs are usually associated with dry land
student in anthropology and a professional maritime archaeologist
is taking excavations – and student excavators – to new depths
This summer he participated in the initial fieldwork of a five-year project at Tudsehage
a submerged Stone Age settlement site in Denmark
was occupied by humans between 8,500 and 7,500 years ago
Underwater archaeological excavation is one of Robinson’s areas of expertise
He says excavating former human settlements that are now submerged is a rich area of research because to date
most archaeological research has ended at the current shoreline
Robinson anticipates this area of maritime archaeology will expand rapidly in the next decade
The view that underwater archaeology is too expensive or hard to do is incorrect
a depth that allows divers to work underwater easily and safely for hours at a time
The first artifacts found at Tudsehage were located by a skin diver
A brief investigation by Viking Ship Museum staff in 2002 found additional stone and bone tools as well as a fragment of a dugout log boat and a fish trap
Robinson and his colleagues found evidence of tool making and food processing
and what may prove to have been the remains of a hearth and a dwelling
The submerged organic remains of a dwelling from this period “would be a really amazing find
and unique in the archaeological record,” he says
Organic remains associated with a dwelling are better preserved underwater than on dry land
where they deteriorate rapidly in fluctuating temperature and humidity extremes and in the presence of oxygen
This is part of the reason why submerged sites hold so much research potential and why Robinson is interested in them
The challenge for maritime archaeologists is to develop effective methods for finding and excavating these sites
Robinson’s work this summer in Skaelskor was filmed by National Geographic
which is preparing a documentary on the Doggerlands
a submerged paleo-landscape in the southern North Sea that was once exposed land inhabited by humans
The Tudsehage site was the only such area being excavated this year
Robinson hopes to take UConn undergraduate students to work there in a study abroad field school
Work on the site is directed by Jorgen Dencker of the Viking Ship Museum in Roskilde
one of the world’s few experts on Stone Age underwater archeology
Dencker is a member of Robinson’s dissertation committee
What Robinson learns in Denmark could be applied to underwater areas off the Connecticut coast and could help anthropologists piece together a more complete picture of this area’s early human history
“I have no doubt there are thousands of submerged sites all up and down the coast,” he says
it would have been possible to walk out to what is now Block Island and further
Robinson is working on a model for southern New England to predict where submerged sites may be located
he collects remote sensing data and core sediment samples that can indicate where relics of the formerly exposed and occupied landscape are preserved intact
Essential to developing submerged settlements archaeology in this country will be the involvement of Native American partners
because it is their ancestral heritage that is being studied
Robinson has chaired an international symposium on this subject that brought tribal representatives together with state and federal agencies and other researchers to discuss the issue of cultural sensitivity toward these resources
“By studying submerged settlements here in southern New England
we have an opportunity to completely rewrite the early human history of the region,” he says
“and answer long-standing questions about coastal adaptation of its earliest settlers
answers that today can only be found underwater.”
Robinson has already taken undergraduates to Sweden to help the Swedish National Maritime Museum document the remains of the 1628 shipwreck Vasa
Students in his maritime archaeology class have also done fieldwork on the wreck site of the 1899 steamboat Aunt Polly in the Connecticut River
will conduct fieldwork at a submerged settlement site in Rhode Island waters
but Fred Meijer never forgot his hometown roots
From the Marshall Fredericks sculpture in the center of town to the bicycle trails that wind through its neighborhoods
Meijer was a generous benefactor to the place where he grew up and where his father started a grocery store in 1934
He never forgot where his roots were,” recalled his 91-year-old high school classmate Virginia Wood
“When he heard he could do something for Greenville
Meijer rarely participated in after-school activities
FULL COVERAGE: Fred Meijer, West Michigan billionaire grocery magnate, dies at 91
he was headed for work on the farm or at the store.”
Meijer insisted on hosting reunions of his Greenville High School Class of ’37 every five years
The last one was at Frederik Meijer Gardens & Sculpture Park in 2002
Former Mayor Lloyd Walker recalls Meijer was an easygoing man who regularly showed up for his schoolmate’s funerals with his wife
frequently making himself the butt of them
you’d know he was worth $5.2 billion,” Walker said
“But you’d never know it from meeting him.”
Walker recalls a day during his tenure as mayor when the Meijers took him
his wife and the visiting mayor of sister city
Meijer insisted his motorhome stop for ice cream at a new store west of Saginaw
Meijer introduced himself first to his employees and then to customers
handing out his trademark coupons for a free cone at the Purple Cow stand and asking them how far they had traveled and if they enjoyed the experience
“He spent about half an hour out there and
he told us about all of these people he had met,” Walker said
Walker said he stayed in touch with Greenville politics and his beloved “Store No
When city officials were working with Meijer to develop a network of bicycle trails around Greenville
Walker said some local farmers resisted until Meijer met with them
“Fred would sit on the desk in the front of the room and would start telling stories about his youth and being on a farm and how important it was to stay close to nature,” Walker said
“He got the cooperation of those landowners who were farmers and many of them are now supporters.”
said her father operated a Greenville grocery when Meijer’s father
was starting a retail empire with his own small grocery
The competition “soon became meaningless,” Walker said
the Meijers had moved to a bigger one on the north edge of town
That was replaced in 2000 with a store west of town
Meijer was the lead donor for the construction of the Hendrik & Gezina Meijer Surgery & Patient Care Center on Spectrum Health’s United Memorial Campus
two endoscopy suites and 24 private patient rooms
“He was a real gentleman,” Marcia Walker said
“I think the whole community has a special place in their heart for Fred
E-mail Jim Harger: jharger@grpress.com and follow him on Twitter at twitter.com/JHHarger
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Whigfield is an Italian dance project fronted by Sannie Charlotte Carlson (born April 11
Whigfield first came to prominence when her debut song Saturday Night landed as UK Number 1 in 1994
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ORDINARYALEX WARREN
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