Bill Belichick has already begun looking ahead towards the 2026 recruiting class
New Jersey native is scheduled to visit North Carolina on Wednesday
Along with his upcoming visit to Chapel Hill
Calhoun will check out Duke University and Wake Forest University around the same time
Kevin Cacabelos on X (formerly Twitter) with the report:
2026 RB Najee Calhoun (Bergen Catholic - NJ) @JeeCalhoun has visits scheduled with Wake Forest (3/18), North Carolina (3/19), and Duke (3/20), he tells me. He is also planning to visit Virginia and Harvard.Calhoun had 13 TDs, 1300 yards, and 6 YPC in 2024. pic.twitter.com/K31rp0mIPb
Calhoun attends Bergen Catholic — ranking as the No. 67 running back and No. 16 in the state, per 247Sports
The current high school junior holds offers from Boston College
The incoming class for Belichick contains four running backs — those being Demon June
There will be no shortage of bodies in the run game department for UNC in the foreseeable future
During the 2024 season
Carolina had 125 first downs rushing the ball and gained 2727 yards
26 touchdowns came on the ground (in comparison to 18 touchdowns converted through the air)
A big part of the Tar Heels' success was due to having Omarion Hampton's elite talent in the backfield — juking
and taking the ball all the way into the end zone
it will certainly be hard to find another Hampton but with Belichick and the revamped coaching staff the player development should change drastically
it remains to be seen how UNC's new head coach can gel to the college game
But the odds of it being a difficult challenge will be towards the lower end of the scale — the guy has eight Super Bowl rings after all
North Carolina will kick off the season on Monday Night Football against TCU at Kenan Stadium
The event will be shown on ESPN starting at 7:30 p.m
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2026 RB Najee Calhoun (Bergen Catholic - NJ) @JeeCalhoun has visits scheduled with Wake Forest (3/18), North Carolina (3/19), and Duke (3/20), he tells me. He is also planning to visit Virginia and Harvard.Calhoun had 13 TDs, 1300 yards, and 6 YPC in 2024. pic.twitter.com/K31rp0mIPb
Calhoun attends Bergen Catholic — ranking as the No. 67 running back and No. 16 in the state, per 247Sports
During the 2024 season
It's never too early to get a head start in the recruiting world
and that means official visits are looming
the program is expected to host the top class of 2026 recruit in Colorado
as Kevin Cacabelos of SeaTown Sports reported on Friday that four-star tight end Camden Jensen will visit UCLA on the weekend of May 16
2026 4-star TE Camden Jensen (Heritage HS - Colo.) @Cam_Jensen97 has on official visit set with Washington (May 2-4), he tells me. Other official visits: UCLA (5/16-18); Missouri (6/6-8); Nebraska (6/13-15); and Florida (6/20-22). pic.twitter.com/BejBBdZIwk
The Bruins offered Jensen in August and are one of his top-seven teams
who plays for Heritage High School in Littleton
1 class of 2026 recruit in Colorado and the No
Jensen also has official visits set up with Washington
Texas A&M and North Carolina are his other finalists
Rivals highlighted the prospect's strengths in an article from December that listed the top prospect in each state:
"Jensen is a massive tight end prospect at 6-foot-7 who can also move well
create space or stay in and block as needed
maybe he’s a star offensive tackle but he can stay at tight end for now because of his athletic ability."
According to Charlie Williams of On3's Inside Texas
"Jensen is a reliable red zone target with solid blocking ability
making him a true dual-threat option."
Jensen is in the same class as four-star tight end Israel Briggs
another highly touted tight end who UCLA is pursuing
Jensen and Briggs' primary recruiter from UCLA is tight ends coach and assistant head coach Jerry Neuheisel
Neuheisel has been working hard on the recruiting trail all offseason
Following his first season as the program's tight ends coach
he was promoted to associate head coach in December
This coming season will be his eighth on staff
The future of the tight end position will be key for UCLA, which lost standout tight end Moliki Matavao, who was just invited to the 2025 NFL Combine
makes Neuheisel's activity on the recruiting trail all the more crucial
Ensure you follow on X (Twitter) @UCLAInsideronSI and @tcav30 and never miss another breaking news story again
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Experimental Pharmacology and Drug Discovery
Volume 13 - 2022 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.1010296
The growing interest in the development of drugs that target the endocannabinoid system has extended to conditions that affect the audiovestibular pathway
The expression of cannabinoid (CB) receptors in that pathway has been widely demonstrated
indicating a therapeutic potential for drug development at this level
These medications may be beneficial for conditions such as noise-induced hearing loss
or various forms of vertigo of central or peripheral origin
The therapeutic targets of interest include natural or synthetic compounds that act as CB1/CB2 receptor agonists/antagonists
and inhibitors of the endocannabinoid-degrading enzymes FAAH and MAGL
genetic variations implicated in the response to treatment and the development of related disorders such as epilepsy or migraine have been identified
Direct methods of administering these medications should be examined beyond the systemic strategy
with depressive drugs administered in cases of increased neuronal excitability
and stimulants prescribed in cases of decreased neuronal activity
The endocannabinoid (EC) system is distributed widely in the brain and is also expressed in the audiovestibular pathway (Gong et al., 2006; Chi and Kandler, 2012; Trattner, Berner, Grothe and Kunz, 2013)
There has been increased interest in the development of drugs that act either as an agonist or antagonist on the EC system
This review summarizes current understanding on the role of the EC system for the future use and development of natural- or synthetically-derived compounds that act on the audiovestibular pathway
it is necessary to fully understand the properties of the EC system and the pharmacogenetic profiles of drugs that act on the EC system
More than one hundred CBs derived from the Cannabis sativa plant have been identified. Of these, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabinol (CBN) are the most studied and for which the most clinical data are available (Chandra et al., 2020)
The pharmacogenetic profile of cannabinoid derivatives is still under development
especially with regard to new synthetic derivatives
Dronabinol’s mechanistic genes are CNR1 and CNR2
Nabilone displays the same mechanistic genes as Dronabinol
but it binds partially to its receptors; CYP2C9
Profile of the different cannabinoids and drugs that act on the cannabinoid system that may be effective in the treatment of audiovestibular disorders
CB1 antagonists such as rimonabant, surinabant and other diarylpyrazole derivatives have been experimentally and clinically evaluated for treating conditions unrelated to audiovestibular symptoms such as obesity or addiction disorders. However, their use has raised safety concerns due to CNS or cardiac side effects (Christopoulou and Kiortsis, 2011; Klumpers et al., 2013)
its role in treating the conditions described in this review is not defined
Despite the abundance of data indicating the presence and participation of the EC system in the vestibular pathway, there are currently only a few publications (Schon et al., 1999; Pradeep et al., 2008) and just one clinical trial (Barchukov et al., 2015)
cannabinoid antagonists may be advantageous during vestibular compensation
related to the utilization of ultra-low doses of the active substance and limited information regarding their molecular properties
Potential uses of CBs for other symptoms associated with vestibular disorders are described below
and therefore the translational implications for humans are quite limited given the absence of studies in this regard
CBD may theoretically be an otoprotective drug
but no reports to date have demonstrated its efficacy in this regard
It is unknown whether the use of cannabinoid antagonists may be effective for controlling tinnitus
The present review shows that the EC system regulates audiovestibular function
The few but significant references to the use of CB agonists/antagonists
and MAGL/FAAH inhibitors that act on the EC system indicate that they may be effective for treating audiovestibular disorders
The neuromodulatory effects of those compounds would act on symptoms as diverse as dizziness
tinnitus or headache across different vestibular syndromes of central and peripheral origin (linked or not to neurological pathology)
with sedative action and excitatory effects in others
and with compensatory or protective functions
as is typical in the case of CB antagonists
A critical aspect concerning the use of drugs that act on the EC system is the absence and/or variability of doses used in all studies
even in those studies performed in animal models
This severely limits the application of EC system-targeting drugs and standardization in humans
A further issue that requires discussion is the lack of pharmacogenetic profiles for most cannabinoid derivatives
which affects all conditions that may benefit from their use
an understanding of the pharmacogenetics of the cannabinoid derivatives dronabinol
nabilone and cannabidiol is undoubtedly invaluable
Genes related to the metabolism and/or to the mechanisms of action of these drugs contribute to problems with therapeutic efficacy and safety of those agents
A pharmacogenomic strategy to optimize the use of drugs that interact with the EC system is required for successful
whereas systemic drug administration allows for wider drug distribution to exert central and peripheral effects
the effects of local delivery of these agents to the inner ear via more invasive direct approaches are unknown
This application would be particularly appealing for those drugs with peripheral action or those with minimal CNS effects
Made substantial contributions to conception and design of the review and interpretation
adjusted and approved the final manuscript
JG wants to acknowledge Adria Pijuan Monroy and Iria Rodriguez Lopez for being the inspiration to prepare this article
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations
Any product that may be evaluated in this article
or claim that may be made by its manufacturer
is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher
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Naidoo V and Cacabelos R (2022) Potential effects of cannabinoids on audiovestibular function: A narrative review
Received: 02 August 2022; Accepted: 23 November 2022;Published: 20 December 2022
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Troop 823 members (from left) Kaytlen Akau
Jayda Wakilina and Aleah Yano after their first Girl Scouts meeting in March 2014
When most young ladies are lounging at the beach on the weekends
Kyla Koerte and Alexis Cacabelos of Troop 823 are lending a helping hand in the community
they’ve racked up more than 2,000 community service hours since joining the group in 2014
“You’re always wanting to give back,” says Akau
Koerte didn’t consider volunteering a part of her repertoire
I actually really enjoyed it,” she says
“I don’t mind taking time out of my day to help people.”
The generous trio has received recognition for their individual work through Girl Scouts
was an honoree of the 2015 Prudential Spirit of Community Awards program because of her dedication to various service projects like working as a junior leader for the County of Kaua‘i’s Summer Enrichment Program
won a Silver Award (the second-highest award achieved in Girl Scouts) for her mission to help feed the hungry
collecting almost 400 pounds of food in 2016
was selected as the only representative from Hawai‘i to be part of a group of 21 girls from around the U.S
that helped plan the 2017 National Convention for every G.I.R.L
which stands for Girls Together Empowering and Mobilizing from the Girl Scouting movement
the group provided input and feedback on areas like what activities
discussion sessions and special events would comprise the three-day convention that took place earlier this month in Ohio
“This has been the best experience I’ve ever been a part of,” says Koerte
ambitious young ladies have been members of Troop 823 since they were in middle school
They have since achieved the highest Girl Scout level of ambassador
consists of keiki in grades K-12 that work their way through various levels — daisies
They have journey books for each level that they work through
as well as awards for lessons and projects completed
where they learned self-defense techniques
Another activity they have accomplished as a team is the Pink Pineapple Project
It’s where all of the island’s Girl Scout troops get together to plant pineapples and participate in activities like pollinator garden planting and leadership games
Each of these projects and lessons allow the girls to progress and become introduced to new thought-provoking skills and activities
almost always with a focus on community service
learn new things and shine,” says Caires
who started the group three years ago because she has fond memories of being a Girl Scout as a child
“Their growth has been tremendous.”
Akau says that since becoming a member her growth has largely been related to confidence
“It was a good opportunity to get out of my comfort zone,” she says
Jayda Wakilina and Alexis Cacabelos help Hawai‘i Foodbank with its annual food drive at Safeway in Līhu‘e
life as a Girl Scout has helped her become more assertive and open-minded
“Being a part of Girl Scouts gives you a different view set on the world,” she says
But it’s not always easy being a Girl Scout
Koerte and Cacabelos have each been taunted since they were in middle school for being a part of the organization
‘Girl Scouts are for kids; it’s for babies,'” says Koerte
Aleah Yano and Jayda Wakilina at the Kaua‘i Marathon county aid station in 2015
when they helped hand out cups of water to participants
“And they all laugh about it,” agrees Akau
‘Watch what I’m going to do.'”
Caires says that their struggles made them stronger and helped them become exemplary role models
it’s a good thing,” says Caires about how being different can be beneficial
Girl Scouts also helps prepare young ladies for the real world and how to manage various personalities
as well as have enough initiative to work either independently or as a team
“You think outside of the box because you work with such diverse people,” says Koerte
“So when you go into a business or certain type of job
you will know how to deal with certain situations and take a role that no one else is taking
and how to step up and be the leader if you need to.”
who have been friends since elementary school and knew each other through dance classes at Aloha Dance Studio
what some of their favorite aspects about being part of the organization are
they will tell you it’s the bonds they’ve formed with one another
“It’s showed me how powerful teamwork is,” says Cacabelos
“One person has their own set of goals but we’re always there to support one another so we’re always going to be there to help them reach it,” she says
There are several Girl Scout troops across the island and some 5,000 members in the state. Troop 823 currently has 23 girls and is accepting new members, as well as volunteers. Email Caires at girlscoutstroop823@yahoo.com or visit girlscoutstroop823.com for more information
Reporting for this story was supported by Journalismfund Europe under the Earth Investigations Programme
GALICIA, Spain — The first sleepy rays of morning light are starting to illuminate the beach of Cambados
a small Atlantic-facing town in the Spanish region of Galicia that’s famous for its shellfish and Albariño wine
It’s a rainy morning in March and the mariscadoras — women shellfish pickers — are wading straight into the ocean armed with buckets and rubber boots for another day of work
the tradition that has been passed down through generations of women
and us too,” says Patricia Piñeiro between wind gusts and rain as she searches for clams big enough to harvest
showing the measuring device from the local fishing authorities set to 4 centimeters (1.5 inches)
which means she must return most of the clams she finds to the ocean
“At this pace, the almeja fina [Ruditapes decussatus] and almeja babosa [Venerupis corrugata] will disappear,” says Maria José Cacabelos Domínguez
a retired mariscadora who now organizes tours for people wanting to see the shellfish pickers in action
an association of women in the fishing sector
The lack of shellfish is now pushing many to take precarious
informal jobs cleaning hotels or working in bars
Besides sustaining livelihoods, shellfish play a vital role in regulating marine ecosystems
they clean the water they live in by removing nitrogen
making them an environmentally sustainable source of nutrient-dense protein
A 2023 study from the local University of Vigo shows that the four main species of clams and cockles harvested in Galicia
has proved to be more resilient to rising temperatures
is vulnerable to prolonged periods of low salinity caused by heavy rains
many of Galicia’s shellfish associations temporarily ceased activities to help stocks recover
That includes the mariscadoras from the nearby town of Vilanova de Arousa
They now receive a little more than 1,000 euros ($1,073) a month in government support
who previously headed the town’s fishing guild
the requirements are strict — those working a second job are often denied compensation — and payments are often delayed
Rodriguez and her fellow mariscadoras of Illa de Arousa were among the last to quit working
and they are now in the process of applying for monthly government support
they are struggling to pick even 1 kilogram (2.2 pounds) of almeja japónica
You can’t even pay your social security fees at the end of the month,” Rodriguez says
“[A] lot of people have already left to go work on land because this is unsustainable.”
Mass mortality events such as the one in December are likely to become more common as global warming disrupts rainfall patterns
The problem is when that rain accumulates over a few days,” says Elsa Vázquez
a University of Vigo zoologist who studies how changes in salinity and temperature affect the main shellfish species harvested in Rías Baixas
the four productive estuaries in southwestern Galicia
Torrential rainfall increases the amount of freshwater flowing from the river mouths into the estuaries, where the shellfish banks are located. Prolonged periods of low salinity affect bivalves’ ability to breathe
Shellfish can close their valves during periods of low salinity to protect themselves
but this uses up precious energy and weakens them
Between October and November 2023, Galicia’s weather agency recorded more than 30 consecutive days of rainfall yielding more than 1,000 liters of rain per square meter (264 gallons per 10.7 square feet) — 127% more than normal
salinity below 15 parts per thousand for several days causes mortality
and this winter there were many days when salinity was as low as five parts per thousand,” Vázquez says
The emptying of reservoirs during low tide by electricity companies also alters the estuaries’ delicate balance
According to the Platform for the Defense of the Ría de Arousa
the release of water should be timed to coincide with high tide to avoid freshwater inundating the shellfish banks
a clear sign of global warming with significant implications for biodiversity
Intertidal shellfish species bury themselves in the sand to keep cool
but with heat waves becoming more intense the heat penetrates deeper
which affects their growth and reproductive capacity
Numerous shellfish pickers told Mongabay they want the Galician government to fund an in-depth study on the impacts of climate change to help inform potential solutions. Scientific models suggest 2060 could be a global tipping point for shellfish in many regions of the world
with fisheries in Spain at high risk due to low species diversity and vulnerability to increased temperatures
The development of clam hatcheries could be a solution
While some commercial hatcheries exist for almeja japónica
growing baby clams to be planted out on sandbanks
more research is needed to cultivate almeja fina and babosa profitably
She describes this as “the future of shellfishing” for its potential to establish enough reproducing adult shellfish to get stocks back to normal
Another solution being explored is the real-time monitoring of salinity
temperature and other variables in the shellfish banks
This could help researchers create predictive models so mariscadoras could prepare for periods of low salinity and high temperatures
adding that it would require dedicated government funding and support
the mariscadoras are left with the few kilos of almeja japónica they manage to find
Vales Martínez has worked as a mariscadora for 24 years
just like her mother and grandmother before her
“What’s really needed is to invest in the sea
even if it means closing it for a year while stocks recover,” she says
”We need to address the root causes of the problem
Can Spain keep the rising sea from washing away a critical delta?
Carss, D. N., Brito, A. C., Chainho, P., Ciutat, A., de Montaudouin, X., Fernández Otero, R. M., … Jones, L. (2020). Ecosystem services provided by a non-cultured shellfish species: The common cockle Cerastoderma edule. Marine Environmental Research, 158, 104931. doi:10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.104931
Des, M., Fernández-Nóvoa, D., DeCastro, M., Gómez-Gesteira, J., Sousa, M., & Gómez-Gesteira, M. (2021). Modeling salinity drop in estuarine areas under extreme precipitation events within a context of climate change: Effect on bivalve mortality in Galician rias Baixas. Science of The Total Environment, 790, 148147. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148147
A global assessment of the vulnerability of shellfish aquaculture to climate change and ocean acidification
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The “fortress conservation” model is under pressure in East Africa
as protected areas become battlegrounds over history
and global efforts to halt biodiversity loss
Mongabay’s Special Issue goes beyond the region’s world-renowned safaris to examine how rural communities and governments are reckoning with conservation’s colonial origins
and trying to forge a path forward […]
Undisputed heavyweight champion George Foreman takes on Muhammad Ali
a boxer with an impressive pedigree but who is now on the comeback trail
Worry not, you’re still reading Decanter, not Sports Illustrated – but let’s draw a parallel. Bierzo has a millennia-long history of wine production
but the region was somewhat forgotten for much of the 20th century
the development of new projects and the arrival of new winemakers led to a resurgence and now
Bierzo producers are making some of Spain’s best wines
Is this small region – in a quiet corner of Spain
far from major cities – ready to challenge its heavyweight counterparts among some of the world’s most famous wine regions
Key point: Long-distance killing revolutionized warfare
rifleman Thomas Plunkett of the British 95th Rifles was flat on his back in the snow outside of the Spanish town of Cacabelos
Some might say that was no place for an Irishman
but this was the waning days of the Battle of Cacabelos during the Peninsular Campaign of the Napoleonic Wars
The French Général de Brigade Auguste-Marie-François Colbert was doing his best to lead French cavalry in a rearguard attack that could place the British Army at his mercy
Plunkett wanted Colbert dead — and Colbert was more than 600 yards away
Plunkett inserted his foot into the sling of his Baker .705-caliber rifle to stabilize the weapon
tucked the butt of his rifle into his shoulder and took aim using only his skills and iron sights
Then Plunkett took another shot that killed a second French officer who rode to Colbert’s aid
soldiers in nearly every army of the Western world have carried some kind of rifle as their basic weapon
It wasn’t the first rifled firearm placed in the hands of a foot soldier — the Germans and the Americans during the 18th century had used rifles with lethal effectiveness
But less-accurate and rapidly loaded smoothbore muskets had dominated European battlefields for two centuries beforehand
masters of the First Industrial Revolution
had a weapon that could kill the enemy hundreds of yards away and be mass-produced
The 19th century became the century of strategic warfare fought by riflemen who would adopt the tactics of “fire and maneuver.” When it came to this new field of battle
an ordinary foot soldier caught in the open wasn’t just visible … he was dead
Shooting solid projectiles at humans out of metal tubes using gunpowder for a propellant is nothing new
and the English deployed artillery in a primitive form in 1346 at the pivotal Battle of Crécy
Smoothbore “handgonnes” made their appearance in Europe during the last half of the 14th century — when they didn’t explode in the hands of their users
at one time it was a weapon for elite forces only
What makes a rifle what it is are grooves called “rifling” cut inside the barrel of the weapon that cause the bullet to spin
That spin makes the ballistics of the weapon far more predictable
muzzle-loading flintlock weapon of the Napoleonic Wars was the .705-caliber “Brown Bess” musket
A good soldier could load and fire three shots per minute from a Brown Bess
But the Brown Bess was effective only out to around 70 yards
even a well-aimed shot would arrive a yard off target
No wonder infantry tactics of the time relied on massed firepower delivered by infantrymen firing in volleys
That’s because the musket ball fit loosely in the weapon’s barrel — it simply rattled off the wall of the tube when the weapon was fired and would even corkscrew its way downrange as it zipped toward its target
But even early rifles were deadly accurate because the spinning bullet would travel along a flat
you could aim a rifle and have a reasonable chance of hitting the target
so-called Jäger rifles adapted from hunting weapons by the Germans in the hands of a skilled marksman could reliably hit quarry that were hundreds of yards away
the muzzle-loading weapon was more difficult to load
Black powder fouling and the rifling itself slowed the process down
where the British learned some hard lessons about rifles in the hands skilled marksmen
Timothy Murphy was one of 500 crack rifleman who had accompanied Gen
John “Gentleman Johnny” Burgoyne and his invading British Army
Murphy climbed a tree with his Kentucky rifle and took aim at Brig
who was busy rallying the British troops in an effort push back the Americans’ regular forces
Murphy took the shot even though Fraser was more than 300 yards away
Murphy’s shot dropped Fraser to the ground — and the general died the next day
The demoralized British retreated and the Americans won a victory that reverberated around the world
convincing the French that the cause of independence was worth backing with money
the British Army’s Board of Ordnance began a search for a reasonably priced
soldier-proof rifle that could put that kind of accuracy in the hands of a small number of dedicated riflemen
the army selected a design by Ezekiel Baker
It was not a particularly innovative weapon
sharing some of the features of the Jäger rifles from the previous century
very well in the hands of one of the most famous rifle regiments in British history
Fans of Bernard Cornwell’s Sharpe series of novels and the television series it inspired know of the 95th Rifles
but even though Richard Sharpe’s exploits are fictional
the historical importance of the regiment is dead accurate
Whether you were a general or a drummer boy
the 95th Rifles targeted and killed anyone responsible for command
control and communication on the battlefield
the British Army — as well as the rest of Europe and the Americas — began to realize riflemen were the future of warfare
Add further technological changes such as reliable breech-loading mechanisms
and less-expensive methods of manufacturing and soon every soldier — not just elite riflemen — was capable of long-distance killing on the battlefield
contemporary soldiers should tip their helmets in honor of the Baker rifle and the troops who carried it
Perhaps no other weapon in the last 200 years did more to shape a world of war fought with rifles
This article first appeared several years ago.
Image: Wikipedia
Ending critical mineral dependence will require more than the recently announced deal with Ukraine
the United States and Ukraine finally signed a rare earth mineral…
ensconced in their mountains in northern Yemen
French Rafale fighter jets are in global demand
This highlights an increased defense spending across Europe and the Middle East
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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a major problem of health in developed countries and the most prevalent form of dementia
representing the 6th cause of death in the U.S
with and age-adjusted death rate of 25.4 per 100,000
metabolic and environmental factors are potentially involved in the pathogenesis of AD
The age and sex-related syndromic profile of Alzheimer’s reflects
a tetravalent phenotype: (i) a neuropathological component (classic hallmarks: senile plaques
neuronal loss); (ii) a neurobehavioral component: cognitive deterioration
functional decline; (iii) an age-related biological component (direct-
hematological and metabolic phenotypes); and (iv) gender-related phenotypes
the therapeutic intervention in dementia is polymodal in order to modify the expression of all these complex phenotypes
AD patients present concomitant disorders including hypertension (20-30%)
hypertriglyceridemia (20%); excess of urea (more than 80%)
creatinine (6%) and uric acid (5%); alterations in transaminases (ASAT
and ions (more than 10%); deficits of iron (5%)
and vitamin B12 (4%); thyroid dysfunction (5-7%)
and different modalities of cerebrovascular damage (more than 60%) are also frequent among patients with AD
haematological and metabolic anomalies exhibit gender differences and may contribute to accelerate the dementia process
The pharmacological treatment of these concomitant pathologies adds complexity and risks to the multifactorial therapeutic intervention in patients with dementia
Of major relevance is the treatment of diabetes
cerebrovascular and neuropsychiatric disorders
The chronic treatment of these illnesses increases the risk of drug interactions and toxicity
aggravating the clinical condition of the demented patient
the incorporation of pharmacogenetics protocols into clinical practice is fundamental to minimise drug-drug interactions and ADRs
and to optimise the global therapeutic outcome
avoiding deleterious effects on mental function and cognition
Major determinants of therapeutic outcome in AD include age- and sex-related factors
Different categories of genes are potentially involved in the pharmacogenetics network responsible for drug efficacy and safety
transporter and pleiotropic genes represent the major genetic determinants of response to treatment in AD
By-products of these genes are integrated into transcriptomic
proteomic and metabolic networks which are disrupted in AD and represent potential targets for therapeutic intervention
AD patients may take 6-12 different drugs/day for the treatment of dementia-related symptoms
including memory deterioration (conventional anti-dementia drugs (donepezil
or for the treatment of concomitant pathologies (epilepsy
cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders
behavioural deterioration and psychomotor function can be severely altered by polypharmacy
The principal causes of these iatrogenic effects are the inappropriate combination of drugs
responsible for his/her pharmacogenomics outcome
Pharmacogenomics accounts for 60 to 90% variability in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. The modest effect (and toxicity) of current Alzheimer’s disease drugs is in part due to their pharmacogenomics profile
since over 70% of AD patients are deficient metabolisers
CYP2C19 and CYP3A4/5 variants in the Iberian population yield 156 genotypes
The most frequent haplotype is H3 (1/1-1/1-1/1-3/3) (20.87%)
and only 17 haplotypes exhibit a frequency higher than 1%
the most frequent haplotypes (more than 2%) are H55 (1/4-1/1-1/1-1/3)(8.41%)
This indicates that about 80% of the population is deficient for the biotransformation of current drugs which are metabolised via CYP2D6-2C9-2C19-3A4 enzymes
Most anti-dementia drugs are metabolised via CYP enzymes
Alterations in cholesterol (CHO) metabolism are involved in AD pathogenesis and over 40% of AD patients are hypercholesterolemic
The pharmacogenetics of cholesterol response to the hypolipemic compounds shows a great variability with a high response rate (RR) (78.95% responders and 21.04% non-responders)
APOE-related basal CHO levels are significantly different
with females showing higher CHO levels than males; however
females and males responded similarly to the hypolipemic treatment
The stratification of patients according to their APOE
CETP and LPL genotypes shows no genotype-related differences at basal CHO levels
except in the case of APOE carriers where the highest baseline levels of CHO are found in APOE-4/4 carriers and the lowest levels in APOE-2/2 carriers
in addition to a clear age-related profile
The construction of a pentagenic haplotype integrating all possible variants of the APOE+APOB+EPOC3+CETP+LPL genes identified 111 haplovariants with differential basal CHO levels
About 75% of these haplotypes in the AD population have a frequency below 1%
and only 4% of the haplotypes are present in more than 5% of AD patients
The haplotypes most frequently found are H55 (33-CT-CC-AG-CC) (8.79%)
H58 (33-CT-CC-GG-CC) and H37 (33-CC-CC-AG-CC)(7.07%)
H110 (44-TT-CC-AG-CG)(0.11%) and H98 (34-TT-CC-AA-CG)(0.11%) show the highest CHO levels
and the lowest levels correspond to haplotypes H26 (23-TT-CG-AG-CC)(0.11%)
the CHO response to conventional lipid-lowering compounds is genotype-dependent and can
It is obvious that a simple stratification of patients according to single genotypes is of poor value for a fine interpretation of pharmacogenetics results; however
the integration of gene clusters associated with specific phenotypes yields informative haplotypes with potential utility in pharmacogenetics studies
It is likely that thousands of genes are involved in CHO metabolism
and probably not a single gene plays an absolute dominant role over the others; however
some genes exert a powerful effect on other congeners associated with a specific pathogenic cascade (e.g
APOE in AD) or a pharmacogenetics pathway (e.g
APOE vs CYPs in AD treatment with donepezil)
polypharmacy is imperative for the management of concomitant disorders; however
drug interactions may constitute a severe complication with deleterious effects on brain function and quality of life
the implementation of pharmacogenetics procedures can be of great utility for minimising drug adverse events and for optimising multifactorial therapeutics in complex disorders such as AD
Pharmacogenomics of Alzheimer’s Disease: Genetic determinants of phenotypic variation and therapeutic outcome
J Genomic Med Pharmacogenomics 2016; 1(2): 151-209
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Senior Weston Strum has been a strong runner for LMU. Strum does not want to run a bad race and lets "his actions do the talking".
Weston Strum shares few words to describe his recipe for success, but he gives his teammates simple advice when solicited: “Just never have a bad race.”
In his four years of running for LMU’s men’s cross-country and track team, Strum’s own bad races are few and far between.
The senior cross-country and track runner is in the midst of his final season competing for LMU. He is considered by some to be the most successful male runner in LMU history. In cross-country, he’s earned All-WCC first team honors the past two years. In track, he owns school records in the 800-meter, 1,500m and 5,000m.
“The fact of the matter is [that] when you put him in there, he just rises to the level of competition,” said Head Coach Scott Guerrero. “This guy is an enormous talent. Hands down, I don’t think I’ve ever seen anyone with that much talent.”
Strum’s competitiveness can be rooted back all the way to his middle school PE class at Castillero Middle School in his hometown of San Jose, Calif. In sixth grade, Weston’s twin brother, Nathan, broke the school’s mile record in PE. A year later in seventh grade, Weston got the best of his brother and broke his brother's record.
“I had first period PE, he had second period PE. In the first period, I break the school record in the mile,” Weston said. “It’s pretty cool because you get your name on the board outside of the cafeteria. I’m going to everyone and bragging and stuff, saying, ‘I got the school record.’ And then of course [my brother] beats my time in second period literally an hour later.”
Nathan adds, "I used to be better than him, but towards the end of high school he started beating me.”
In the pair’s last high school cross-country race in the CIF Division III Championships, Weston finished in 6th place with a time of 15:24, while Nathan finished in 17th place with a time of 15:46.
The brothers continued running together throughout their time at Pioneer HS, until they went their separate ways in college. At UC Davis, Nathan focuses on middle distances and is his team’s top runner in the 800-meter run and 1,500m.
The Strums have competed in several of the same meets, but have yet to compete head-to-head in an official collegiate race.
The brothers are naturally busy as full-time student-athletes, but will occasionally text message each other bits and pieces of advice or updates on how their respective seasons are progressing.
“They are so supportive of each other. They never fought,” said Strum’s mother Wendy. “They are just two boys with a mutual love for running.”
Despite his success in high school and in college, Strum maintains a quiet confidence while avoiding complacency.
“He’s not cocky, even though he’s had so much success,” Nathan said. “He's let his actions do the talking.”
In early April, Strum finished ninth in the top heat of the 5,000m run at the Stanford Invitational with a time of 13:47.28. Strum’s time broke his previous school record of 13:57 set during his junior year, and also placed him at the No. 1 spot on the NCAA Division I West Region Outdoor Qualifying List.
“13:47, I didn’t really picture ever running that fast,” Strum said. “It’s over my head.”
The success may be a surprise to Strum, but his times have steadily improved since his freshman year in both cross-country and track. In cross-country he improved his freshman time of 25:04 to a 23:49 mark in the West Coast Conference (WCC) championships this past fall. In track, in his signature race, the 5,000m, his freshman time of 14:19.03 has dropped all the way down to 13:47.28.
“Weston is a racer,” Guerrero said. “He’s evolved over time, and there’s a means to an end in practicing and working hard in workouts.”
After four years of competitive racing, Strum has harnessed his raw talent and become a more experienced and strategic racer.
"It’s developed over the years,” senior teammate Kevin Joerger said. "Freshman year, he would sit back and be conservative and at the end of the race he’d have a huge sprint, pass the whole field and take the win. Now that we’re seniors, I’ve seen him run a race in any way it could be run, whether it’s leading from the very beginning, or waiting until the end.”
What’s the scoop on beating him in a race?
"If I know Weston the way I know him, and know his weaknesses I’d probably just take a crowbar and hit him as hard as possible,” Guerrero jokingly remarked.
Strum’s friends and family describe him as “quiet” and “introverted,” but insist his intense competitiveness is one of the main factors in his success as a runner.
"He is competitive internally and has a desire to continually better himself,” Michael Strum, Weston’s father said. “He’s not competitive around other people. He’s actually very easygoing. He does what has to be done to help other people.”
Outside of running, Strum excels in the classroom, earning First Team WCC All-Academic honors this past cross-country season. An accounting major, Strum has also tutored accounting for LMU’s Academic Resource Center since his sophomore year.
"He works harder in school and running than really anyone else that I know,” Joerger said.
Before Strum’s arrival to the Bluff, LMU’s men’s track and field and cross-country teams achieved limited success. In fact, Strum did not know about LMU until then-assistant coach Rick Weis sent him a Facebook message and told him the team was interested in him.
“I just looked into [the school] and kept it on my list,” Strum said. "I could just could picture myself here. Everything kind of just worked out. It had the major I wanted and it was in a good area.”
Strum chose LMU over UC Santa Barbara, among other schools. He has enjoyed the academic program the school has offered him, but is even more grateful for the community and his team. Strum lives off-campus with teammates, junior Michael Vorgitch and senior Douglas Petree.
“Over the years, we’ve just gained this brotherhood with everybody,” said Strum. “It’s cool having all those people so close to me with all the same goals. I can trust them. I can talk to them about anything. That’s definitely the best part.”
Last year, Strum and Joerger became the first-ever LMU males to qualify for the NCAA Division I West Regional meet. Strum qualified for the 5,000m race, but finished 13th overall, just one spot shy of earning a berth to the NCAA Division I 2013 Outdoor Track & Field Championships.
This track season, Strum’s 5000m time is the tenth-best mark in the NCAA West Region, which will likely qualify him for the NCAA Track and Field Preliminary Round in Arkansas at the end of May. If Strum can finish in the top 12 in Arkansas, he will become the first-ever male LMU runner to qualify for the NCAA Championships.
"We want to get an LMU jersey as deep into the season as we can,” Guerrero said. “When we can get those jerseys at regionals, nationals, people start to notice – it elevates our profile.”
Does he feel any pressure to become LMU’s first-ever male qualifier for the championship meet?
“I don’t feel pressure,” Strum remarked. "Surprisingly not.”
The NCAA Division I West Regional meet in Fayetteville, Arkansas is set for the last weekend of May. Until then, Strum is focusing on his final set of classes at LMU while training through a couple of meets until regionals.
Strum will graduate from LMU this May and then transfer to Northern Arizona University to pursue his Masters in Business Administration and use his last year of track eligibility. By achieving milestones such as competing in the NCAA Division I West Regional Championships in both cross-country and track, Strum has laid the foundation of success for future male runners at LMU.
"He’s certainly going to go down as one of the best that’s ever gone through here,” Guerrero said. “It’s been a good run.”
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dance instructor for the Aloha Dance Studio
was busy adding bling to one of the costumes Monday
“This catches the light,” Pelton said while the group gathered for its afternoon session
“It gives it more reflections while the dancer is performing.”
said 28 of its students will be traveling to the Jump National Workshop and Competition on Oahu this weekend at the Hawaii Convention Center
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“This is the fifth year we’re taking the kids,” Dick said
“The girls get to take in amazing workshop classes in ballet
and contemporary dance from some of the top dance teachers in the country.”
Aloha Dance Studio will also be competing with six solo performances on Friday
Solo dance competitors include Malia Ebueng
Saturday will have the Aloha Dance Studio competing in nine group events in the areas of contemporary
Traveling members of the Mini Company include Annabelle Adversario
Junior Company members include Ayzia Aceret-Coloma
Senior Company members include Alexis Cacabelos
Dick said traveling to the Jump event enhances the girls for the studio recital which will feature 120 students performing “Just Dance,” a celebration of 15 years for Aloha Dance Studio
Wear a Lei was the theme of this year’s annual Kauai Museum Lei..
Members of the Waimea High School girls football team arrived home on Sunday from the 2025..
The 32nd AIDA World Championship kicked off today
The spotlight was on the Dynamic Bifins (DYNB) event
where freedivers swim underwater using bifins while holding their breath for the longest possible distance
the newest addition to the freediving lineup since 2018
Magdalena Solich Talanda of Poland holds the AIDA World Record with an impressive 243 meters in the women’s category
continues to lead the pack with a record of 290 meters
Today marked a historic opening for the AIDA Pool World Championships:
which included 114 athletes from 35 countries
with support and enthusiasm from teams and online fans
You can watch the highlights from today in the video below or on YouTube
The vibrant and supportive atmosphere at the pool today set the tone for what promises to be an exciting four-day competition
With numerous national and continental records already shattered
we eagerly anticipate more groundbreaking performances as the week progresses
Stay tuned for further updates and detailed coverage of the 32nd AIDA Pool World Championships here on DeeperBlue.com
Photos and Videos courtesy of ICARUS Sports
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Volume 8 - 2021 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.649873
Marine forests ecosystems are typical of temperate rocky benthic areas
These systems are formed by canopy-forming macroalgae (Laminariales
and Fucales) of high ecological value that provide numerous ecosystem services
These key species are also indicators of good environmental status
marine forests have been threatened by different impacts of local and global origin
putting their stability and survival in question
marine forests have been replaced by “sea-urchins barrens.” We present a general overview of sea-urchins’ population status in the archipelagos of Azores
focusing on their role in the maintenance of the so-called “alternate stable state.” After an in-depth evaluation of the different anthropogenic and environmental pressures
we conclude that sea-urchins population explosion has been facilitated in the benthic habitats of Madeira and Canary Islands
preventing the recovery of canopy-forming macroalgae assemblages and being one of the main drivers in maintaining a stable barren state
Diadema africanum is the main barrens-forming species in Webbnesia
where it reaches high densities and strongly impacts macroalgal assemblages
such as the Selvagens Islands and other Marine Protected Areas from the Canary Islands
africanum is up to 65% lower than in the nearby Madeira Island
and macroalgal communities are preserved in good status
This information is critical for marine environmental management
highlighting the urgent need for implementation of appropriate control mechanisms and restoration actions headed to the conservation of marine forests in Macaronesian archipelagos
Figure 1. Diagram illustrating the two-system rocky benthic bottoms: marine forests and sea-urchins barrens. Transition processes between states depending on fishing activities and habitat degradations impacts (modified from Sala et al., 1998) (Symbols courtesy of the Integration and Application Network, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science (ian.umces.edu/symbols/)
the present study aims to provide the first comprehensive compilation of the existing information on the potential threats affecting macroalgal forests of Azores
focusing on the role of sea-urchins in the maintenance of the so-called “alternate stable state.” Evidence about the main anthropogenic pressures and other environmental factors involved in the sea-urchin population explosion historically detected are discussed and pondered across NE Atlantic archipelagos
The Azorean archipelago (38.5°N,–28°E) is a group of nine volcanic islands with coasts formed by cliffs and rocky shores interspersed with sandy beaches (Borges, 2004). Waters surrounding the Azores are mesotrophic with sea surface temperature (SST) usually range between 15.5 and 23.2°C (Amorim et al., 2017; Sangil et al., 2018)
it has not been detected in the rest of the Azorean archipelago
Madeiran archipelago (32.4°N,–17°E) is formed by the islands of Madeira, Porto Santo, Desertas, and the distant southern Selvagens. The coastline in this archipelago is predominantly rocky, with a mix of platforms, boulders, and very few interspersed sandy-pebble beaches. The waters are oligotrophic, and SST typically ranges between 17.0 and 23.5°C (Schäfer et al., 2019)
The Canary Islands (28.53°N,–15.74°E), located near the Northwest African Coast, are composed of seven islands that present high geological and topographic variability. The waters are oligotrophic, affected by a nutrient increase through the upwelling, and annual variation in SST ranging from 18.0 to 24.0°C (Valdazo et al., 2017; Sangil et al., 2018)
Cabo Verde (14.91°N,–23.50°E) is an archipelago with an arid climate located in the mid-Atlantic Ocean (570 km off the west coast of Africa). SST usually ranges between 20 and 25°C with nutrient-rich waters supported by strong upwelling from the coast of Senegal and Mauritania (Freitas et al., 2019)
with no reports of barrens originating from its grazing activities
Long-term data on water turbidity and sediment load is necessary to evaluate the effects of these stressors across our study region and the particular consequences for the conservation of their coastal benthic communities
the role of rising temperatures and marine heatwaves could be one of the main impacts for marine forests
Rates of sea surface warming in NE Atlantic archipelagos
based on 37 year of daily sea surface temperatures (SSTs; 1982–2018) from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) 1/4 arc-degree Daily Optimum
Long-term effects need to be explored in depth for NE Atlantic archipelagos
testing the combined effect of increased temperatures and acidification of coastal systems
attention should focus on possible new massive mortality events as a consequence of meteorological processes
as well as the consequences for the benthic macroalgal communities due to the sudden mortality of sea-urchins
In this study we have chosen a series of factors and impacts available in the literature (Table 1)
We assume that there are other important drivers
in the development and maintenance of sea-urchin’s barrens that should be studied in future works in the NE Atlantic archipelago (e.g.
Most of the information identified as evidenced in this work comes from studies developed in the most studied areas of the region
the archipelago of the Canary Islands and the archipelago of Madeira
it is necessary to expand the study of these drivers in the region
in order to identify the main impacts and highlighting those that currently suppose correlative factors and hypotheses
Interactions of discussed drivers and impacts over marine forests and sea-urchin barrens
Recovery will definitely depend on first establishing important ecological protection rules
the combination of multiple human pressures left the coastal system in a point of no return where the effectiveness of restoration actions will inevitably pass by the implementation of additional active management interventions
in order to help the system to overcome the tipping point and reach a long-term re-establishment of the macroalgal forests
AB-I: formal analysis and writing—original draft preparation
All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript
and IG were financially supported by pre- and post-doctoral grants in the framework of the 2015 ARDITI Grant Program Madeira 14-20 (Project M1420-09-5369-FSE-000002)
This study was supported by the Portuguese government grant Fundo Azul under the Seaforest Portugal Project (FA_06_2017_067)
this study also had the support of Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT)
through the strategic project UID/MAR/04292/2020 granted to MARE UI&I
We thank to Ashlie J. McIvor for the English language editing and review. We thank to Dan Smale and Rui Seabra for their help to generate Figure 4
This is contribution 76 from the Smithsonian’s MarineGEO and Tennenbaum Marine Observatories Network
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*Correspondence: Alejandro Bernal-Ibáñez, YWxlamFuZHJvLmJlcm5hbEBtYXJlLWNlbnRyZS5wdA==
The Loyolan continues its interviews with members of the LMU men's basketball team
Redshirt senior Alex Osborne is in his fifth year with the Lions and is expected to be a contributor for the team after playing in all 34 games for the Lions
Osborne averaged 5.3 points and 3.44 rebounds per game last year
He is expected to push for a starting spot this season
Kevin Cacabelos (KC): How do you feel entering the season
I'm excited about how we're going to look when we're finally out there on Nov
it's going to be faster than people expect
It's going to be better than what people except
I feel like I've learned a lot since I've been here
I feel like I've gotten better and that I've come of age
KC: What are some of the biggest lessons you've learned in your time here at LMU
I worked out in a way I hadn't done before in the summer
I tried to push myself more than I ever had before and it was good summer
KC: What was different about the work out this summer
I did way more CrossFits than I was definitely used to
I really tried to work on the things I wasn't a good at
I've been out for a month running and I still feel like I'm in the best shape of my life
KC: Let's talk about personal expectations for you this year
AO: I'm trying to have a career high in everything
Every stat I want to have career highs in them
KC: How would you describe it to a complete stranger on campus that knows nothing about haircuts
AO: To people that know my name and know who I am
"free in the front" and "free in the back." And that's just pretty much playing off of a mullet
KC: Are you going to keep it for the season
KC: What’s going through your mind when you’re playing post
I’m trying to make the guy on me feel powerless against what I’m doing
KC: Anthony Ireland called you out last year for not being tough in games
Now – even though last year I was still coming off the bench
there was so much uncertainty as to what coach is okay with me doing – I feel like a lot of it is just being coached
This is what coach's plan of how basketball should be played
I expect this team to compete in every game
I expect this team to win – I've looked at the schedule I feel like we could win every one of those games
KC: Coming off that WCC tournament run last season
do you feel that momentum carrying over or is it just a brand new season
I wouldn't say "carried over," I know we feel definitely positive and optimistic about what we can do when we're playing right
But those games that we won they were just by one or two points
and those are the same margin that we lost
It's not like most of us got to deep into that
We had to ride the ship and that's what this year is for
KC: Which newcomer specifically stands out to you
AO: I'm going to have to say [freshman forward] Gabe [Levin]
KC: Anything else you'd like to add about yourself
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Alex Rifkind (right) is LMU's first 2014 commitment
verbally committed to the LMU men’s basketball team on Sunday afternoon
The 6-foot-1 guard attends North Broward Preparatory School in Coconut Creek
Rifkind is the first 2014 recruit to commit to the Lions
I liked the campus and I liked the academics,” Rifkind said
The LMU staff hosted Rifkind on an unofficial visit in June after they saw his highlight tape
will likely be joining the team on a partial scholarship
His family plans to move back with him to California when he starts at LMU
Rifkind pinpointed his shooting ability as his best skill
I also like to work the pick-and-roll action.”
Rifkind mentioned a bevy of spot-up shooters
“I also like watching Stephen Curry and Ray Allen.”
the LMU coaches see him playing the shooting guard position and potentially moving to combo guard later in his career as a Lion
I’m working on just being more aggressive on ball
and getting stronger and faster,” Rifkind said
The team graduates four seniors after the 2013-14 season
Alex Rifkind 2012-13 season highlight tape:
(Via: PSI Productions)
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It is highly unlikely that James Parkinson (1755-1824)
who first described the “paralysis agitans” in his ‘An Essay on the Shaking Palsy’ in 1817 (years later rebadged by Jean-Martin Charcot as Parkinson’s disease)
could have imagined that the disorder that today bears his name would become the second most important neurodegenerative disorder in the elderly population
With a prevalence ranging from 35.8 per 100,000 to 12,500 per 100,000
and annual incidence estimates ranging from 1.5 per 100,000 to 346 per 100,000 in different countries
Parkinson’s disease represents today a major age-related problem of health
Meta-analysis of the worldwide data indicates a rising prevalence of Parkinson’s disease with age (41 per 100,000 at 40-49 years; 107 at 50-59 years; 173 at 55-64 years; 428 at 60-69 years; 425 at 65-74 years; 1087 at 70-79 years; and 1903 per 100,000 at over age 80)
also reflecting a characteristic distribution by geographic location (a prevalence of 1,601 per 100,000 in patients from North America
and a prevalence of 646 per 100,000 in Asian patients
Parkinson’s disease is more prevalent in males (1729 per 100,000
more than 65 years) than in females (1644 per 100,000)
with a peak prevalence in the age group of greater than 90 years (4633 cases per 100,000)
and a mean prevalence of 1680 per 100,000 in people older than 65 years of age
Prevalence and incidence Male/Female ratios increase by 0.05 and 0.14
Incidence is similar in men and women under 50 years (M/F ratio <1.2)
and over 1.6 times higher in men than women above 80 years
PD coexists with dementia in over 25% of the cases and with depression in over 30% of the cases in some countries
Associated with different potentially pathogenic risk factors (toxins
Parkinson’s disease neuropathology is characterised by a selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta
with widespread involvement of other brain structures and peripheral tissues
Pioneers who contributed to understanding the pathology of Parkinson’s disease in the first quarter of the XX century were Frederick Lewy
who identified neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions (Lewy bodies) in a variety of brain regions in 1912
who observed the loss of neurons in the substantia nigra in 1919
All these genes are under the influence of the epigenetic machinery (DNA methylation
mRNAs) that regulate their expression in different tissues and may contribute to selective nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration
The introduction of L-DOPA in the 1960s represented a breakthrough in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease
and it continues to be the most effective symptomatic therapy in Parkinsonian disorders
Levodopa (L-DOPA) is the natural isomer of the amino acid D,L-dihydroxyphenylalanine which was isolated from the bean of Vicia faba in the early 1910s by Torquato Torquati
Its chemical structure was defined by Markus Guggenheim in 1913; and in 1938
Peter Holtz discovered the enzyme L-dopadecarboxylase
and which can be transformed into noradrenaline by the enzyme dopamine-β-hydroxylase
Both catecholamines are important neurotransmitters involved in different higher activities of the central nervous system
Other relevant scientists involved in the introduction of L-DOPA
as a therapeutic option for Parkinson’s disease
as elegantly described by Oleh Hornykiewicz
In addition to dopamine precursors (L-DOPA)
other symptomatic treatments for PD include dopamine agonists (amantadine
monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors (selegiline
and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitors (entacapone
The initial complication of long-term L-DOPA therapy is the “wearing-off” phenomenon
together with motor fluctuations and dyskinesia
which develop during the use of both L-DOPA and dopamine agonists
Diverse dopaminergic and nondopaminergic pharmacological approaches have been developed to manage such complications
glutamatergic N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists
and glutamate mGluR5 modulators (mavoglurant)
antihistamines and cholinesterase inhibitors also contributes to severe complications associated with the anticholinergic burden in Parkinson’s disease
gastrointestinal complications (constipation
neuroendocrine changes and psychiatric disorders are frequent in Parkinsonian patients chronically treated with conventional antiparkinsonian drugs
The onset of these complications is also influenced by the genomic background of the patients
and the efficacy and safety of the drugs currently consumed by those who suffer a Parkinsonian disorder is highly dependent on their pharmacogenomics profile
Genes involved in the pharmacogenetics network include: pathogenic
and all these genes are also under the influence of potential epigenetic aberrations
In recent years novel evidence has demonstrated the impact of pharmacogenetics on the efficacy and safety of most antiparkinsonian drugs
and PARK2 genes are pathogenic genes potentially involved in its effects
and OPRM1 genes are mechanistic genes whose products influence L-DOPA efficacy and safety
L-DOPA is a substrate of enzymes encoded by the COMT
and UGT1A9 genes responsible for its metabolism
SLC6A3 is the major transporter of L-DOPA; and ACE
ACHE and APOE are pleiotropic players in L-DOPA effects
ADORA2A SNPs and HOMER1 variants may be associated with L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia and psychotic symptoms
TaqIA and rs2734849 polymorphisms at the DRD2/ANKK1 gene region might also be associated with L-DOPA-induced motor dysfunction; and SLC6A3 is a genetic modifier of the treatment response to L-DOPA in Parkinson’s disease
Since the “wearing-off” phenomenon and additional complications related to the chronic use of antiparkinsonian drugs represent a major concern for patients and the medical community
some voices claim for changes in the conceptualisation of Parkinson’s disease and its treatment
It is obvious that the growing prevalence and incidence of Parkinson’s disease for the past 50 years must be associated with environmental factors (toxic
vascular) which demand better epidemiological scrutiny and consequent preventive programs to halt disease progression
If this is assumed by health authorities and the scientific community
then new challenges should be raised in relation to the pathogenesis and treatment of Parkinson’s disease
if we do not want to experience a situation similar to that of schizophrenia (another disease related to a cerebral dopaminergic dysregulation)
in which the excess of antipsychotics/neuroleptics leads to a disabling extrapyramidal syndrome after years of neuroleptic treatment
it is imperative to characterise biomarkers for the pre-symptomatic identification of the population at risk of suffering Parkinson’s disease
as well as alternative therapeutics devoid of the long-term complications posed by conventional antiparkinsonian drugs
Some attempts have been made with novel compounds in recent times
The revival of some classic natural products
has also been proposed; and new applications have been submitted to the European Patent Office in this regard
with selective dopaminergic neuroprotectants to prevent neurodegeneration
Modern Neuroscience must embrace the idea that most brain disorders require more neuroprotection and fewer symptomatic repressors
the history of Neuropsychopharmacology is a history of chemical symptomatic repression with delayed consequences for patients and society in terms of chronic disability
Professor and Chairman of Genomic Medicine
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By Associated Press
HILO >> Heading into Papaaloa from Hilo on Route 19
the only hint that there is anything new at Mile 24 is a discreet sign set low to the ground
featuring an orange-toned drawing of a building
and indicating the driver should take the next right turn
On making the turn and driving a short way over a bridge and past the Papaaloa Hongwanji Mission
the visitor is greeted by the real-life version of that building: the Papaaloa Country Store and Cafe
People bustle up the steps and to the counter of the back kitchen
where they order pork and eggplant plate lunches
jokingly greet the head chef and store co-owner
and browse the shelves of the general store area
One woman says she drives from Kohala just to come here
Not too bad for a business that’s only been open since mid-June
Even though the Papaaloa Country Store and Cafe is new
It’s a holdover from the plantation era
part of a hub that once included a bank and a sugar mill
and is old enough to predate its own county records
people found receipts in the basement from 1910
The building had always served as a general store
when the previous owners put it up for sale and closed the business
So when the store’s new owners — Blyth is joined by his brother and his sister-in-law
Sol and Kristina Ammon — first began restoring the historic space two and a half years ago
they were intent on preserving more than just its structure
"It’s also cultural preservation," said Kristina Ammon
it’s important people feel like they’re included." (Her parents own the building itself; Blyth and the Ammons own the business.)
They got a sense for how much the establishment meant to the community during the renovation process
as they navigated the county permit system while cleaning floors
They debated keeping an old butcher track on the ceiling
to give a sense for the old store (the rusty equipment ultimately came down)
and added a long wheelchair ramp to the front of the store
which blends seamlessly into the overall façade of the building
people stopped by to ask when they would be opening
There was no grand announcement for when it would happen
"We got really flooded the first day."
"People have come in who are in their 80s who used to come in as kids," he said
One woman came in to tell the staff how glad she was that she could come get snacks for her daughter on the way to sports practice — just like she’d done with her own mother
And one Papaaloa resident returned to her old role: Alvira Cacabelos worked at the store in its old incarnation
"I’m happy to be back," Cacabelos said
"This place is spiritual; there’s plenty of history."
known to many in Hilo for her old business
Gehweiler prepares everything from hoagie rolls to cakes to cream puffs
The team sees the entire project as fitting in with the greater revival of the Hamakua coast
as small-scale farming moves in where plantation monoculture once dominated
and intend for the farm’s products to "feed the store" within the next couple of years
But they also want to support producers in the area
to offer as much locally grown food as possible while helping the community grow and thrive
They will begin accepting Electronic Benefit Transfers in the next month
and are working with the public charter school to offer internships
the next step is to finish preparations on a dining room area
where people will be able to have ocean views while they eat
"We’re really just getting started," he said
500 Ala Moana Blvd. #2-200Honolulu, HI 96813(808) 529-4747
Here are a few things I learned along the way…
This is one of the rare times you won't be able to rely on technology
Internet and phone signals are sparse on the Camino; and unless you like the experience of not knowing how far you'll walk or where you'll sleep that night
James in Your Backpack gave a great breakdown of places to stay and recommended mileage to cover each day
are integral parts of the Camino experience
and gave ourselves time to enjoy the towns along the way
and by some we were dismissed as “not authentic pilgrims” (as travelers on the Camino are called) but it gave us the freedom to walk at own pace and know we had a place to sleep
a little tip you might not read in the guidebook: We discovered that if you walked a little farther or stopped earlier than suggested in the books
you might find smaller crowds and more agreeable hotels
Some of our favorite towns for overnight stays were Cacabelos
Final destination: the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela
To get your official certificate (called ‘Compostela’) from the Pilgrim's Office in Santiago de Compostela, you have to cover at least the final 100 kilometers (62 miles) of the Way on foot or horseback, and the final 200 kilometers (124 miles) on bicycle. The moment you arrive at the 100km-to-go mark, tourism groups and pilgrims start flooding the road. The experience is simply not the same. Start before the mark and take advantage of the solitude. The extra distance is worth every step.
up-to-the-minute voice in all things travel
Condé Nast Traveler is the global citizen’s bible and muse
We understand that time is the greatest luxury
which is why Condé Nast Traveler mines its network of experts and influencers so that you never waste a meal
or a hotel stay wherever you are in the world
Miss Mokihana Teen USA 17-18; Kaira Kaʻaihue
Miss Kauaʻi Teen USA 17-18; Tiffany Sagucio
Miss Garden Isle Teen USA 2018; Kiʻilani Arruda
Miss Garden Isle Teen USA 17-18; and Megan Ann Souza
Kauai’s newest royalty were crowned at the the Hilton Garden Inn on Aug
Manuel and Arruda both won the evening gown phases in their division while Manuel won the Swimsuit phases and Arruda won the Active Wear Phase
Manuel also won the Photogenic Award chosen by pageant photographer Brayden Suliven and the Popularity Award for selling the most tickets to the pageant
Akau received the “Social Media Fan Favorite” Award receiving 869 combined likes on Facebook and Instagram on her official headshot
Teen contestants included Alexis Cacabelos and Brandie Aguinaldo
who sold the most program book ads winning the Hospitality Award; Dawn Serapio
who won the People’s Choice Award; and Tiffany Sagucio received the Congeniality Award
All contestants received a scholarship from Argosy University
while the teen winners received $7,000 and the miss winners received $10,000
Winners will compete in the Miss Hawaii USA and Miss Hawaii Teen USA state pageant on Nov
18 at the Hawaii Convention Center with hopes of advancing to Miss USA/Miss Universe or Miss Teen USA
The Miss Universe Organization is the largest pageant organization in the word also having the largest fan base of any pageant in the world making it a perfect place for young women to have their voices heard
while continuing to reach their personal and professional goals
The Miss Universe Organization empowers women to develop the confidence they need to achieve their personal best
A confident woman has the power to make real change
starting in her local community with the potential to reach a global audience
The Hawaii Association of Sand Sculptors hosted its fourth annual Sand Festival Aug
Amateur and professional sand sculptors from around the world were invited to spend the day creating visions in sand
families and teams of friends ranged from castles and cupcakes to smoking dragons and yellow submarines
The most attractive works by individuals and teams received prizes
Coleman Scott will face the winner of the contest between Germany's Tim Schleicher and Japan's Kenichi Yumoto for the bronze medal
The bronze medal match will take place at 12:45 p.m
The United States was dominant in the 2012 London Olympics
With the final events of the 2012 Summer Olympics wrapping up on Sunday
it is time to review the final medal count for the games
was able to outlast Spain in the men's basketball Gold Medal Game
London 2012 concludes on Sunday with the Closing Ceremony
The United States clinched the medal count for the fifth straight Summer Games on Saturday night
Usain Bolt and Team USA women's basketball team were the stars of London's Saturday Olympic action
took home a bronze medal after beating Japan's Kenichi Yumoto in the men's freestyle 60kg (132 pounds) third place match on Saturday night in London
Team USA now leads China by 10 medals after a big day in track and field
women's volleyball team advances to the gold medal match to face either Brazil or Japan for the gold medal
Hopewell High School graduate Christa Harmotto is a middle blocker for the team
Team USA now trails China by just one in the overall medal count
The American women's soccer team won 4-3 over the Canadians to advance to the finals at the 2012 London Olympics
The 2012 London Olympics continue on Monday
Pittsburgh native Cassidy Krug competes in the final of the 3m Springboard
Cassidy Krug and Christina Loukas are chasing five-time medal winner Wu Mingxia of China
who sits well atop the field after a top qualifying score of 394.400
The United States of America leads both in overall medal count and gold medal count through Saturday's events at the 2012 Olympic Games
a global leader in outsourced customer and citizen experience management
kicked off its celebration of 27 strong years in the industry through the Spark 2023 Grand Celebration
held at the SMX Convention Center in Pasay City recently
The event gathered leaders and employees from various sites and accounts to celebrate the company’s history of successes and milestones
and to reenergize the whole workforce for the next years to come
Hosts Sean Kyle and Karla Aguas led the celebration
while Spongecola and DJs Jimmy Nocon and Siangyoo provided entertainment for the whole TP family
Employees and leaders alike came in their best sparkly outfits to match the theme of the event
Teleperformance Philippines also rewarded its most talented employees
proving how much the company values its people by allowing them to express themselves and by providing them avenues to enrich their passions and talents outside work
The Spark Grand Celebration was not just limited to Metro Manila as celebrations were also held separately for their Luzon
Teleperformance Philippines recognizes the importance of its people in its achievements
Occasions like the Spark Grand Celebration provide the perfect opportunity to look back and appreciate the contributions and skills of their employees while also strengthening their bond as a team
Vice President for Human Resources and Communications & Marketing Rachel Cacabelos expressed her hopes for a stronger year for Teleperformance
She underscored that Spark was a moment of enjoyment but also “an opportunity to reflect on our past successes and use that energy and momentum to propel us forward.”
“As Teleperformance continues to have its culture of excellence recognized
Teleperformance has become one of the most preferred offshore contact center operations in the country and a valuable player in the Philippine economy
Teleperformance was awarded the fifth Best Workplace in the Philippines by Great Place to Work® Philippines in its first in-person gala since the pandemic
This second consecutive win recognized TP’s success in transcending the standards of best work practices through impact sourcing and policies ensuring diversity
Teleperformance remains committed to being a trusted partner to all its stakeholders
putting people at the heart of business transformation and customer experience
As pandemic restrictions are being eased out
Teleperformance strengthens its relations with the business and economic sectors
as well as the academe and other institutions promoting environmental
For more information about Teleperformance Philippines, visit www.teleperformance.ph.
Credit: On AssignmentIf you think of people who fish
most of us will probably imagine fishermen
it's the women who dominate a particular trade
these women have passed down traditional skills from generation to generation
mothers and daughters have all grown up with this trade touching every aspect of their lives
to meet some of the women and hear about their pride in this work which they fiercely protect for the next generation
Many of their methods are unchanged in hundreds of years
but what is changing is the climate around them
Shell fish stocks have been hit hard by extreme weather events including heatwaves and heavy rainfall
Data from the Galician government shows numbers at the end of 2023 were just 15 percent of what they were the year before
with all four of the main species of shell fish harvested in the area now struggling to recover
María José Cacabelos who is the president of Guimatur
"Salinity dropped and a lot of shellfish died," she said
but added that jobs in contact with nature are vulnerable to the weather
The mariscadoras have a bond that runs through their veins
with friendships built on the muddy sand at low tide where they gather shellfish
The skill and value of the work mustn't be underestimated
their income supported that of the men in the family
paying for the day to day costs of running a household
while the wages from the fishermen covered bigger expenses
the shell-fisherwomen provide what is the only income for families
when the weather is too bad to go out to sea
The job continues to appeal to younger women who are juggling modern life
Working around the tides and regulations to protect fish stocks
means each "shift" is usually around four hours long
allows time to manage other responsibilities at home
collecting shellfish would help pay for a night out
Now she fits the job around looking after her son
having witnessed over decades the changes in the climate and also the environmental threat from other industries to their profession
Recently some of the women have been involved in demonstrations against a pulp company
who plan to build a new factory in Galicia
Victoria swears she will fight until it's "kicked out" and she will "fight like a champion."
I had the strong impression that this way of life won't be stamped out easily
determination and passion could very well save and protect it
as losing it would mean more than just a loss of income
it would be the loss of their sense of identity
You can watch On Assignment at 11.30pm July 30 or catch up later on ITVX
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SB Nation Seattle's Kevin Cacabelos ranks the top 25 high school basketball players in the state of Washington
Who is the number one high school basketball player in the state of Washington
other websites and my own observations to rank the top 25 high school basketball players in the state of Washington
This year, seven of last year's top ten players have graduated, including the former No. 1 player, Kansas-bound Anrio Adams. Bothell's Zach Lavine moves into the top slot after an impressive junior year campaign and a commitment to the UCLA Bruins
Rankings are based on this criteria: 1) Potential to play and perform at the Division One level of college basketball2) Current performance at the high school level
6'3": The smoothest scorer in the state has some deficiencies in his game
but because of his unlimited range and athleticism
he's the best player in the state of Washington
Lavine will need to be more aggressive in attacking the defenses by penetrating and relying less on his shooting ability
it is just a matter of him taking more initiative
6'1": Rorie is a lightning quick point guard who can get to the rim and finish with grace
He has good balance and body control and excels in transition because of these traits
6'6": Everyone knows he can penetrate and score at will off the dribble
but not many people notice how good Fenner is defensively
He has quick hands to force steals and nice leaping ability and timing to block shots
Fenner will have to improve his slow-release on his jump shot to gain more interest from more high-end division one schools
6'6": Lexing is not the type of player who is going to take over games by himself
but his length and athleticism project him as an effective player at the next level
He shows solid ability to get to the rim and finish in transition
but will need to improve his shooting touch
5. Brett Bailey (Sr.)- University
6'6": Watching him at the state tournament this past March was a revelation
Bailey might have the prettiest jump shot in the state
Bailey can score off the dribble and is crafty at using pivots to draw contact to get to the free-throw line
5'9": On the biggest stage at the 3A State Championship
Marquis Davis played the best out of a collection of the state's top talent
The elevation and form of his jump shot is eerily similar to Rainier Beach-alum Nate Robinson
While his level athleticism certainly doesn't match Robinson's
Davis' quickness and perimeter offensive skills are unmatched by anyone at the state at his position
6'5": Haymond did everything right in his junior year at Garfield
Not only did he show an ability to score from the perimeter
but he showed an ability to post-up smaller players
rebound and make the right pass to involve his teammates
6'8": Meikle is a lanky and versatile forward who is comfortable facing up and taking his man off the dribble
He'll be a solid role player for the Zags at the next level
but he will need to add strength to his frame to become a consistent contributor
but he has a decent range on his shot and he can hold his own against stronger players
range that extends to the three-point line and above average shot-blocking ability
His transfer to Bothell makes them a definite state contender in 4A
6'7": Berger is a long forward with exceptional scoring ability
He opened some eyes on the national recruiting scene this summer and will definitely surprise fans and observers this upcoming high school season
Next 15 in (in alphabetical order): Patrick Ball (Franklin), Brayon Blake (Federal Way), Marcus Chambers (Foss), David Crisp (Clover Park), Elijah Foster (Rainier Beach), Jordan Johnson (Lakes)
For all the latest recruiting news on local basketball prospects, follow @KevinCacabelos on Twitter