Cervello has announced its collaboration with the Finnish Transport Infrastructure Agency (Väylä) to enhance the security of Finland’s railway infrastructure As rail systems become increasingly interconnected protecting them from cyber threats is more important than ever This collaboration aims to leverage Cervello’s advanced cybersecurity platform to ensure the safety and resilience of Finland’s railway network helping Vayla maintain a secure and efficient transportation system Cervello redefines rail cybersecurity with cutting-edge solutions designed to protect and empower rail networks globally Cervello Platform offers holistic protection across IT ensuring maximum safety and operational integrity for rail networks.  Cervello Platform is used by transit operators and infrastructure managers as their go-to tool for risk management – delivering comprehensive visibility and proactive operational resilience capabilities Its dedication to innovation and excellence positions us as the global leader in safeguarding the future of rail transport The Finnish Transport Infrastructure Agency deals with the service level of transport thus promoting well-being in Finnish society and Finnish business competitiveness FTIA’s task is to respond efficiently and responsibly to customer needs arising from changes in transportation and to produce a growth platform for society in the form of a functional and safe infrastructure.  efforts are made to promote development and responsible construction in the infrastructure field The multi-year deal is a monumental step in Israel’s NTA-led LRT project which aims at connecting six major Israeli cities to improve the quality of life for the country’s citizens All rights reserved | Terms and Conditions Privacy Policy | Cookie Policy HILOMATIK4 min •Dec 12, 2024LUSU is back on HI-LO’s imprint ‘Imagine’—yet again showcasing the duo’s characteristic cinematic techno sound It's time to dive into the profiles behind this rising project: Wiwek and Mike Cervello What are the first steps you take when writing or producing a new song Then you translate it into some musical part Sometimes you already hear the music as well Sometimes you already hear a vocal or something Mike Cervello: “It works best if you already have a general idea but sometimes ‘little accidents’ can happen along the way too.” When and how did you realize that you wanted to become a professional artist Wiwek: “When I heard Tiësto on the radio when I was 11.” Mike Cervello: “I come from a family with a lot of musicians and my brother was a hip-hop DJ back in the day I actually played as a DJ before I even produced music I just started making beats — some crappy hip-hop beats on FL Studio I liked it so much that I kept doing it after school There wasn’t a specific moment in time… I just rolled into it.” Which of your songs would you like to improve if you could go back in time We made that track when we made our first EP Do you have any particular routines or rituals before going on stage Wiwek: “The same as when we’re here in the studio Mike Cervello: “We did a show during ADE at the HILOMATIK stage Someone who was working there gave us some fresh coffee That was good.” Do you have any upcoming tracks that you can already give us a sneak peek on we just released our song ‘Imagine,’ it’s out now on HILOMATIK I think it’s best to check out our live set during Parookaville It’s a nice preview of what we’re going to do in 2025.” Wiwek: “The most success I’ve had with overcoming creative blocks is by actually not making music Just go do something else for a week and not listen to any music Mike Cervello: “When I had those creative blocks it was actually because I didn’t really know what I wanted in music Do you have any passions or hobbies outside of music Mike Cervello: “When it comes to movies… when I think about a real cinematic experience Wiwek: “I love traveling. I love kicking other people’s asses on FIFA. And yeah, some reading from time to time and getting to know the world a little better.”Get "Imagine" On Beatport Now HILOMATIKLUSU's "IMAGINE" ChartArticle HILOMATIKLUSU's Cinematic Techno ChartArticle HILOMATIKExclusive Interview: Marie Vaunt & Belocca Unite for a Techno AnthemArticle LabelRadarInterview: Ryan ter Heerdt Label Manager @ Dirty WorkzArticle HILOMATIKIn Conversation With KAS:STArticle and an Entertainer of the Highest CalibreArticle and her Most Diverse Compilation YetArticle LoopcloudProducer Spotlight: Brame & HamoArticle How Coronavirus is Impacting Electronic MusicArticle Hardware Obsessions & the Cross-Genre Magic of ‘Say I Do’ | Faux Poly InterviewsArticle Dance Like Nobody's Watching: Why GTA's Virtual Clubs Have Saved Dance FansArticle Heldeep RecordsFunkin Matt: A Journey Through Four Decades of Electronic Music (Part 4)Article Tinlicker's Remix of Robert Miles' "Children" is a Beatport Number 1Article LabelRadarInterview: Miles Shackleton COO @ ToolroomArticle Odd Mob & OMNOM Score a Beatport Number 1 with “Losing Control”Article Beatport Next: Powerhouse Twins Coco & Breezy Channeling the High VibeArticle ANOTR Reset for a Brighter Future with their Debut AlbumArticle HILOMATIKExclusive Interview: Heerhorst Unveils "Animo"Article LoopcloudProducer Spotlight: Joyce MunizArticle pleaded guilty Thursday to two counts of rape for engaging in sexual conduct with a child from 2018 through 2023 Prosecutors are recommending that Alexander get 15 to 20 1/2 years in prison when he is sentenced April 10 His indictment states that he “purposely compelled (the victim) to submit by force or threat of force,” and his crimes were a first-degree felony punishable by up to 11 years in prison Alexander worked as a mechanic at the Youngstown Police Department for more than 10 years He has been in the Mahoning County jail since April 19 He was indicted in April of 2024 on six counts of rape two counts of gross sexual imposition and three counts of sexual battery But his plea eliminated all but the two counts of rape Three of the rape charges being dismissed carried a possible life prison sentence if he had been convicted Authorities have said the offenses began when the child was less than 13 years old required to register with the sheriff’s office in the place where he lives every 90 days for life when he leaves prison will argue for less prison time than prosecutors are recommending Cartwright-Jones mentioned during the hearing that a psychological report was generated on Alexander Cartwright-Jones said the report “and other material will form the basis of what I will present … on behalf of Mr of the same address on Quentin Drive as Alexander was indicted on bribery and misdemeanor intimidation of an attorney victim or witness in connection to Alexander’s crimes She is accused of making statements to the victim following the victim’s disclosures regarding the offenses Cervello was in the courtroom a couple of hours after Alexander’s plea hearing but her plea and sentencing hearing in the case were postponed to the same day and time as Alexander’s sentencing hearing in April thousands of children across Ohio will be biking safer thanks to the “Put A Lid On It” Campaign .. WARREN — Mayor Doug Franklin is urging the Ohio Attorney General’s Office to investigate for-profit hospital .. YOUNGSTOWN – Three independent candidates filed for Youngstown mayor Copyright © 2025 Eastern Ohio Newspapers, Inc. | https://www.vindy.com | 240 Franklin Street SE, Warren, OH 44482 | 330-841-1600 | Terms of Service A Youngstown man who raped a child over the course of five years has learned his fate on Thursday Fifty-year-old Michael Alexander was sentenced to 15 to 19 years in prison on two felony counts of rape stemming from incidents that occurred between 2018 and 2023. Once released, he must register as a Tier 3 sex offender.  According to an indictment, Alexander's victim was between the ages of 12 and 18 at the time of these incidents. Before his sentencing, Alexander made a statement to the judge. The statement said despite the rapes happening repeatedly over a number of years, he wishes he could take it all back. "I deeply regret any hurt that I caused through all of this. I deeply regret, you know, the people that I love who I hurt through my actions. And, if I could take it back, I would," said Alexander. The victim read a statement, explaining the amount of hurt Alexander caused throughout her childhood. Caitlyn Andrews, Mahoning County assistant prosecutor, said Alexander would threaten to use his former job position as leverage against the victim. "At the time, he worked as a mechanic in the garage for the Youngstown Police Department. And since this happened in Youngstown, he told her that everyone would side with him, and she would never be believed," said Andrews. Additionally, 39-year-old Ashley Cervello entered a plea deal in this case pleading guilty to attempted bribery and intimidation for trying to hinder the victim from filing charges against Alexander. Cervello lived with Alexander during the time of the crimes. Before her sentencing, she read a statement saying she regrets believing her partner over the victim. "He was and is very good at manipulating people to get what he wants, and also good at getting me to believe all the lives he spoke over our whole relationship. I know that does not excuse what I did," said Cervello. She was sentenced to five years of probation. 0.97);}@media (min-width:1024px){.css-1j5gzzj{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.55;}}.css-1cbf1l2{height:0;overflow:hidden;-webkit-transition:height 300ms cubic-bezier(0.4 1) 0ms;transition:height 300ms cubic-bezier(0.4 1) 0ms;height:auto;overflow:visible;}.css-15830to{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;width:100%;}.css-9vd5ud{width:100%;}by Berlioz her new album also includes the world premiere recording of Gabriela Ortiz’s De Cuerda y Madera and the Deutsches Symphonie-Orchester Berlin & Mihhail Gerts Listen to Kreisler’s Caprice viennois here “The manner in which Dueñas acquits herself is nothing short of remarkable … What a player and what a way to launch a recording career”Gramophone on María Dueñas’s debut DG album Beethoven and Beyond María Dueñas finds the perfect balance between artistry and technique as she tackles an icon of the repertoire for her second Deutsche Grammophon album Having earned rave reviews and a 2024 OPUS KLASSIK Young Talent of the Year award for her DG debut the Spanish violinist now turns to Paganini’s legendary 24 Caprices She couples these with a selection of later works inspired by Paganini presenting music by composers ranging from Berlioz to Gabriela Ortiz Dueñas is joined in chamber pieces by Boris Kuschnir pianists Itamar Golan and Alexander Malofeev and guitarist Raphaël Feuillâtre and in orchestral caprices by the Deutsches Symphonie-Orchester Berlin conducted by Mihhail Gerts on vinyl (2 LPs) and as an exclusive fan box edition on 14 February 2025 Kreisler’s Caprice viennois (with Feuillâtre) while on 13 October María Dueñas will be performing live at the OPUS KLASSIK awards ceremony which will be televised by German broadcaster ZDF “Paganini’s 24 Caprices are a milestone for every violinist,” explains Dueñas “I grew up listening to and performing them and when we hear the word ‘caprice’ we instantly think of Paganini from Saint-Saëns’s Rondo capriccioso to works by contemporary composers like Cervelló I really wanted to show how a lot of little moments from the musical world all come together.” Paganini wrote the Caprices as technical studies and exercises – for himself and his fellow professionals “They provide a good way to work on concentrated techniques both for the left hand and for the bowing arm – ricochet spiccato… every little detail is there.” In addition to virtuosic technique these works reflect the times in which they were written “I’ve tried to show that vocal quality in the Caprices,” comments Dueñas so we need to reveal the music behind the technique And because it took Paganini more than 15 years to finish the set I also think it should be approached like a journey through someone’s life The second part of the album presents a mixture of solo One of the solo works is the late Jordi Cervelló’s Milstein Caprice whose sound reminded the composer of  that of Nathan Milstein “I’m proud to include a work by a fellow countryman and I hope to be able to bring his soul back with my music,” says the violinist Another composer with whom Dueñas has worked closely is Gabriela Ortiz and here she and pianist Alexander Malofeev present the world premiere recording of Ortiz’s De Cuerda y Madera This work was co-commissioned by DG and the :alpenarte Festival where it will be premiered by Dueñas on 12 October 2024 The violinist is also delighted to have recorded Wieniawski’s Étude-Caprice for two violins with Boris Kuschnir; Sarasate’s Caprice basque with pianist Itamar Golan; and Kreisler’s Caprice viennois with fellow DG artist Raphaël Feuillâtre – “I found many similarities between the colours of the two instruments and I think it will be interesting for the audience to discover the piece in a different light.” For the orchestral works by Berlioz and Saint-Saëns Dueñas was joined by the Deutsches Symphonie-Orchester Berlin and conductor Mihhail Gerts While she has known Saint-Saëns’s Introduction and Rondo capriccioso most of her life having grown up with the Heifetz recording the composer’s Caprice andalous was a new discovery She was thrilled to find that the orchestra and conductor immediately understood both works’ Spanish flavour enabling an intimate and mutually supportive collaboration in this sometimes fiery but always virtuosic repertoire for violin and orchestra “A caprice offers a huge range of colours and dynamics and there’s also a sense of improvisation,” concludes Dueñas colour and creativity – everything that helps to make the violin such a bewitching instrument.” María Dueñas plays the Nicolò Gagliano violin of 17?4 and the Stradivarius “Camposelice” of 1710 generously loaned by the Deutsche Stiftung Musikleben and Nippon Music Foundation respectively María Dueñas – key dates (full touring details here): world premiere of Gabriela Ortiz’s De Cuerda y Madera) 13 October – OPUS KLASSIK awards ceremony Konzerthaus Berlin15 October – Pierre Boulez Saal with the Philharmonia Orchestra & Santtu-Matias Rouvali (Sibelius) Stuttgart (Beethoven) · 23 November – Konzerthaus Freiburg (Beethoven)24 November – Isarphilharmonie Munich (Bruch) · 26 November – Elbphilharmonie Hamburg (Beethoven) 27 November – Philharmonie Cologne (Bruch) · 29 November – Hannover Congress Centrum (Beethoven) Metrics details A Publisher Correction to this article was published on 11 December 2024 This article has been updated and estimates transcriptomic similarity between primary and organoid counterparts across protocols We provide a programmatic interface to browse the atlas and query new datasets and showcase the power of the atlas to annotate organoid cell types and evaluate new organoid protocols we show that the atlas can be used as a diverse control cohort to annotate and compare organoid models of neural disease identifying genes and pathways that may underlie pathological mechanisms with the neural models The human neural organoid cell atlas will be useful to assess organoid fidelity characterize perturbed and diseased states and facilitate protocol development it is unclear which portions of the developing central nervous system can be generated with existing protocols and which ones are still lacking It has also remained challenging to systematically quantify the transcriptomic fidelity of neural organoid cells compared to their primary counterparts We also collect 11 scRNA-seq datasets modelling 10 different neural diseases and map the integrated data to the neural organoid atlas for cell type annotation and differential expression (DE) analysis we show that the atlas can be expanded by projecting new data to the current atlas our work provides a rich resource and a new framework to assess the fidelity of neural organoids characterize perturbed and diseased states and streamline protocol development Metadata of biological samples included in HNOCA coloured by level 2 cell type annotations (c) gene expression profiles of selected markers (d) sample ages (e) and differentiation protocol types (f) Proportions of cells assigned to different cell types in the HNOCA Every stacked bar represents one biological sample grouped by datasets and ordered by increasing sample ages UMAP of the integrated HNOCA coloured by top-ranked diffusion component (DC1) on the real-time-informed transition matrix between cells The stream arrows visualize the inferred flow of cell states toward more mature cells Marker gene expression profiles along cortical pseudotime Heatmap showing relative expression of selected genes across different non-telencephalic neuron clusters Coloured dots show cluster identities as shown in j Box plots showing distribution of max presence scores in different primary reference cell clusters Bottom side bars show neuronal versus non-neuronal UMAP of human developing brain atlas showing primary neural cell types or states under-represented in HNOCA (in red) Datasets of unguided neural organoids contain cells across all brain regions with proportions varying across datasets indicating the capacity of unguided protocols to generate many brain regions but with high variability datasets derived from guided organoid protocols are strongly enriched for cells of the targeted brain region but often show an increased proportion of cells of the brain regions neighbouring the targeted regions several datasets derived from midbrain organoid protocols also show high proportions of hindbrain neurons indicating an imprecision of morphogen guidance even though these cell types are less abundant in HNOCA datasets than in the primary atlas certain organoid protocols can generate some of these under-represented cell types (for example Purkinje cells in posterior brain organoid protocols) which were shown to not affect neuron fate specification and maturation suggesting that organoids are deficient in these processes these differences are observed across organoid protocols and highlight areas of consistent transcriptomic divergence between in vitro and primary counterparts using morphogens SAG (sonic hedgehog signaling agonist) BMP and FGF) and regional annotation of screen data (right) Comparison of regional annotation of screen data (rows) and scArches-transferred regional labels from the primary reference Proportions of cells assigned to different regions on the basis of reference projection Every stacked bar represents one screen condition Clustering of HNOCA datasets with conditions in the screen data on the basis of average presence scores of clusters in the primary reference The heatmap shows average presence scores per cluster in the primary reference (columns) UMAP of primary reference coloured by the dissected regions (right) and the maximum presence scores across the screen conditions (left) Gain of cell cluster coverage of screen conditions relative to HNOCA datasets The grey horizontal line shows the threshold (0.3) to define gained clusters in screen data with gained clusters highlighted in shades of blue Dashed circles highlight two clusters with highest gain of coverage in telencephalon and midbrain Coexpression scores of cluster marker genes of the two clusters highlighted in g in the primary reference (upper) and screen dataset (lower) a, Overview of disease-modelling neural organoid atlas construction, and projection to primary atlas27 and HNOCA for downstream analysis UMAP of integrated disease-modelling neural organoid atlas coloured by predicted cell type annotation (b) intermediate progenitor cells and neurons (c) disease status (e) and marker gene expression (f) Proportions (prop.) of cells assigned to different cell classes (g) and regions (h) Side bars show disease status and publication Schematic of reconstructing matched HNOCA metacell for each cell in the disease-modelling neural organoid atlas UMAP of disease-modelling neural organoid atlas coloured by transcriptomic similarity with the matched HNOCA metacells Violin plot indicates distribution of estimated transcriptomic similarities Heatmap showing expression of top DEGs between the AQP4+ population in the GBM-2019 dataset and their matched HNOCA metacells Rows show DEGs with the ten strongest decreased and increased expressions Columns show average expression in the AQP4+ population of disease-modelling samples (first panel) the matched HNOCA metacells per sample (second panel) all predicted control astrocytes and all astrocytes in HNOCA Volcano plot shows DE analysis between dorsal telencephalic cells in the FXS-2021 dataset and their matched HNOCA metacells DEGs coloured in red (increased in FXS) and blue (decreased in FXS) Encircled dots show DEGs annotated in SFARI database Top bars show the log-transformed odds ratio of SFARI gene enrichment in the increased (red) and decreased (blue) DEGs all of which have been reported to be relevant to glioblastoma Schematic of projecting further scRNA-seq data by the community to extend the HNOCA UMAP shows the dataset composition of the current extended HNOCA UMAP shows the projected cell type annotation of cells in the five extended datasets Dot plot shows the expression of selected cell type and regional markers across projected cell types in the extended HNOCA datasets Dot plot shows cell type composition and average similarity to the matched HNOCA metacells of the extended datasets Schematic shows the analytical pipelines and varied interfaces to facilitate analysing scRNA-seq data of neural organoids for the community presence score computation and metabolic scoring of cell states a Python package implementing all central analysis approaches presented in this paper We found that organoids in the first 3 months of culture best match to first-trimester primary data whereas organoids around 3 months of culture and older best match second-trimester primary cell states We did not observe significant neuronal maturation and diversification signatures matching older developmental stages suggesting a limitation of neuronal maturation in current neural organoid protocols We performed DE analysis between organoid neuron types and their primary counterparts to evaluate transcriptomic fidelity and identified metabolic changes related to the glycolysis pathway as a main factor that distinguishes organoid and primary cell states Despite the negative effects of metabolic stress on overall transcriptomic fidelity the molecular identity of regional cell types is maintained as evidenced by transcription factor coexpression patterns that are highly consistent with primary counterparts a recently published single-cell transcriptomic neural organoid morphogen screen which enabled a refined cell type annotation as well as a compositional comparison with existing neural organoid datasets Our powerful framework will facilitate quantitative and comparative analysis of scRNA-seq data of human neural organoids and for the benchmarking of new neural organoid protocols we find that unguided protocols generate neural cells with high brain regional variability which is useful when studying broader fate determination during neurodevelopment Guided protocols resulted in a strong enrichment of the targeted brain regions show relatively low specificity and generate neural cells from the nearby brain regions This issue may be due to a differential response of neural stem cells in the organoid to the same morphogen cue or to the lack of a full understanding of the timing concentration and combinations of morphogens required to precisely define cells of the deeper regions in the central nervous system The integrated HNOCA is also an excellent resource for analysis of disease-modelling neural organoid data It facilitates cell type annotation and provides a large control cohort of single-cell transcriptomes for comparison we observed discrepancy of cell type and regional composition between control and disease model samples in many studies the HNOCA provides the opportunity to identify disease-specific molecular features against a multi-line multi-protocol large-scale control cohort We demonstrate how the HNOCA can be extended and updated by projecting extra single-cell transcriptomic data of neural organoids to the atlas which will enable other researchers to recapitulate the analytic framework applied in our study we imagine that the HNOCA will be kept up to date and continue to reflect the landscape of human neural cell states generated in organoids in vitro serving as a living resource for the neural organoid community that enables the assessment of organoid fidelity the characterization of perturbed and diseased states and the development of new protocols which described the number of days the organoid had been in culture before collection All processing and analyses were carried out using scanpy81 (v.1.9.3) unless indicated otherwise For quality control and filtering of HNOCA we removed any cells with fewer than 200 genes expressed We next removed outlier cells in terms of two quality control metrics: the number of expressed genes and percentage mitochondrial counts To define outlier cells on the basis of each quality control metric z-transformation is first applied to values across all cells Cells with any z-transformed metric less than −1.96 or greater than 1.96 are defined as outliers For any dataset collected using the v.3 chemistry by 10X Genomics which contains more than 500 cells after the filtering we fitted a Gaussian distribution to the histogram denoting the number of expressed genes per cell we removed any cell with fewer genes expressed than defined by the valley between the two maxima of the distribution We then normalized the raw read counts for all Smart-seq2 data by dividing it by the maximum gene length for each gene obtained from BioMart We next multiplied these normalized read counts by the median gene length across all genes in the datasets and treated those length-normalized counts equivalently to raw counts from the datasets obtained with the help of unique molecular identifiers in our downstream analyses Snapseed is a scalable auto-annotation strategy which annotates cells on the basis of a provided hierarchy of cell types and the corresponding cell type markers It is based on enrichment of marker gene expression in cell clusters (high-resolution clustering is preferred) and data integration is not necessarily required For all cell type marker genes on a given level in the hierarchy we computed the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) as well as the detection rate across clusters a score was computed by multiplying the maximum AUROC with the maximum detection rate among its marker genes Each cluster was then assigned to the cell type with the highest score This procedure was performed recursively for all levels of the hierarchy The same procedure was carried out using the fine (resolution 80) clustering of the unintegrated data to obtain cell type labels for the unintegrated dataset that were used downstream as a ground-truth input for benchmarking integration methods We defined the batch covariate for integration as a concatenation of the dataset identifier (annotation column ‘id’) the annotation of biological replicates (annotation column ‘bio_sample’) as well as technical replicates (annotation column ‘tech_sample’) The batch covariate is represented in the model as a learned vector of size five We used the top three levels of the RSS-based snapseed cell type annotation as the cell type label input for the scPoli prototype loss We chose the hidden layer size of the one-layer scPoli encoder and decoder as 1,024 We used a value of 100 for the ‘alpha_epoch_anneal’ parameter We did not use the unlabelled prototype pretraining We trained the model for a total of seven epochs average silhouette width per cell type label isolated label score (average silhouette width-scored) and cell type local inverse Simpson’s index to quantify conservation of biological variability we used average silhouette width per batch label kNN batch-effect test score and graph connectivity Integration approaches were then ranked by an aggregate total score of individually normalized (into the range of [0,1]) metrics we iteratively removed any cells from the dataset that had an identical latent representation to another cell in the dataset until no latent representation contained any more duplicate rows This procedure removed a total of 3,293 duplicate cells (0.002% of the whole dataset) and was required for the benchmarking algorithm to complete without errors We used the snapseed level 3 annotation computed on the unintegrated PCA embedding as ground-truth cell type labels in the integration To score the marginal distributions on the basis of expected proliferation rates we obtained proliferation and apoptosis scores for each cell with the method score_genes_for_marginals() Ranks on negative diffusion component 1 were used as a pseudotemporal ordering The query model was fine-tuned with a batch size of 1,024 for a maximum of 100 epochs with early stopping criterion and weight_decay = 0.0 depending on availability of GPU acceleration a reference kNN graph was also built by identifying 100 nearest neighbours of each reference cell in the reference data For each edge in the reference-query bipartite graph the similarity between the reference neighbours of the two linked cells The square of Jaccard index was then assigned as the weight of the edge to get the bipartite weighted kNN graph between the reference and query datasets Given the wkNN estimated between primary reference27 and query (HNOCA) any categorical metadata label of reference can be transferred to query cells by means of majority voting its support was calculated for each query cell as the sum of weights of edges that link to reference cells in this category The category with the largest support was assigned to the query cell To get the final regional labels for the non-telencephalic NPCs and neurons as well as the NTT labels for non-telencephalic neurons constraints were added to the transfer procedure were considered valid categories to be transferred The label-transfer procedure was only applied to the non-telencephalic NPCs and neurons in HNOCA the support scores of each valid category across all non-telencephalic NPCs and neurons in HNOCA were smoothed with a random-walk-with-restart procedure (restart probability alpha which takes into account the structure hierarchy the considered regions were grouped into diencephalon with a support score of each structure as its score summed up with scores of its substructures Majority voting was applied to assign each cell to one of the three structures a second majority voting was applied to only consider the substructures under the assigned structure (for example hypothalamus and thalamus for diencephalon) we first identified valid region-NTT label pairs in the reference on the basis of the provided NTT labels in the reference neuroblast and neuron clusters and their most common regions the most common regions were re-estimated in a hierarchical manner to the finest resolution mentioned above for each non-telencephalic neuron with the regional label transferred only NTT labels that were considered valid for the region were considered during majority voting every one of HNOCA telencephalic NPCs and neurons were correlated to each cluster across the identified highly variable genes The stage label of the best-correlated cluster was assigned to the query HNOCA cell Average expression profiles were calculated for all the clusters and highly variable genes were identified using the same procedure as above for clusters of the two primary atlases combined every NPC and neuron in HNOCA was correlated to the average expression profiles of those clusters The best-correlated first- and second-trimester clusters The differences between the two correlations were used as the metrics to indicate the stage-matching preferences of NPCs and neurons in HNOCA Given a reference dataset and a query dataset the presence score is a score assigned to each cell in the reference which describes the frequency or likelihood of the cell type or state of that reference cell appearing in the query data we calculated the presence scores of primary atlas cells in each HNOCA dataset to quantify how frequently we saw a cell type or state represented by each primary cell in each of the HNOCA datasets we first subset the wkNN graph to only HNOCA cells in that dataset the raw weighted degree was calculated for each cell in the primary atlas as the sum of weights of the remaining edges linked to the cell A random-walk-with-restart procedure was then applied to smooth the raw scores across the kNN graph of the primary atlas we first represented the primary atlas kNN graph as its adjacency matrix (A) followed by row normalization to convert it into a transition probability matrix (P) With the raw scores represented as a vector s0 This procedure was performed 100 times to get the smooth presence scores that were subsequently log transformed Scores lower than the 5th percentile or higher than the 95th percentile were trimmed The trimmed scores were normalized into the range of [0,1] as the final presence scores in the HNOCA dataset Given the final presence scores in each of the HNOCA datasets the max presence scores in the whole HNOCA data were then easily calculated as the maximum of all the presence scores for each cell in the primary atlas A large (close to one) max presence score indicates a high frequency of appearance for the cell type or state in at least one HNOCA dataset whereas a small (close to zero) max presence score suggests under-representation in all the HNOCA datasets Pluripotent stem cells and neuroepithelium cells were removed from the analysis because they are mainly present in the early organoid stages We used bio_sample as the sample_identifier We ran scCODA sequentially with default parameters using No-U-turn sampling (run_nuts function) and selecting each cell type once as a reference We used a majority vote-based system to find the cell types that were credibly changing in more than half of the iterations To complement the composition analysis conducted with scCODA we devised an alternative approach to test for differential composition using regularized linear regression We fit a generalized linear model with the region composition matrix as the response Y and molecule usage as independent variables X: All non-zero coefficients β were considered as indications of enrichment and depletion neighbourhood graph and UMAP to visualize the dataset We found that only samples from the individuals CS14_3 CS22 and CS20 contained detectable expression of STMN2 and NEUROD6 so we subset the dataset further to only cells from those individuals To prevent technology effects to affect this analysis we only used cells generated with the 10X Genomics 3′ v.2 protocol in this comparison We generate pseudobulk samples as described above and corrected organoid age in days and number of cells per pseudobulk sample in the DE comparison We used the same edgeR-based procedure and cut-offs as described above We used the scipy fcluster method to cluster genes on the basis of their log-fold changes in the two primary datasets We grouped clusters to represent consistently upregulated consistently downregulated and three different inconsistently regulated groups of genes We computed functional enrichment of each gene group as described above We computed pseudobulk samples and carried out the DE analysis using the same procedure and cut-offs as in the protocol-based DE analysis To estimate the transcriptomic similarity between neurons in HNOCA and the human developing brain atlas27 we first summarized the average expression of each neural cell type in the primary reference only neural cell types with at least 20 cells were considered Highly variable genes were identified across the neural cell types in the primary reference using a Chi-squared test-based variance ratio test on the generalized linear model with Gamma distribution (identity link) given coefficient of variance of transcript counts across neural cell types as the response and the reciprocal of average transcript count across neural cell types as the independent variable Genes with Benjamini–Hochberg adjusted P values less than 0.01 were considered as highly variable genes Similarity between one neural cell type in the primary atlas and its counterpart in each HNOCA dataset was then calculated as the Spearman correlation coefficient across the identified highly variable genes To estimate the significance of the difference between the correlation of glycolysis scores and whole transcriptomic similarities and the correlation of glycolysis scores and core transcriptomic identity similarities we generated 100 subsets of highly variable genes each with the same size as the highly variable transcription factor Transcriptomic similarities were calculated on the basis of those subsets and then correlated with the glycolysis scores scPoli was applied to the telencephalic subset of HNOCA for data integration To benchmark how well different integration strategies recover the neuron subcell type heterogeneity we generated four different clustering labels: (1) Louvain clustering (resolution 2) with the original scPoli latent representation; (2) Louvain clustering (resolution 2) with the updated scPoli representation; (3) Louvain clustering (resolution 2) with PCA of HNOCA telencephalic subset (based on scaled expression of 3,000 highly variable genes of the telencephalic subset with flavor = ‘seurat’) and (4) Louvain clustering (resolution 1) for each sample separately (each with 3,000 highly variable genes identified with flavor = ‘seurat’ for each sample with at least 500 dorsal telencephalic neurons the adjusted mutual information scores were calculated between each of those four clustering labels with the transferred cell type label mentioned above as the gold standard across the dorsal telencephalic neurons as annotated as the level 2 annotation cells annotated as excitatory neurons were selected were also subset to those with excitatory neuron labels The selected dorsal telencephalic neuron subsets of the atlases were merged into the joint neocortical neuron atlas On the basis of the scPoli latent representation Louvain clustering was performed on the joint neocortical neuron atlas (resolution This cluster label was transferred to the dorsal telencephalic neurons in HNOCA with max-correlation manner across highly variable genes defined on average transcriptomic profiles of clusters in the joint neocortical neuron atlas the ‘dataset’ field of the screen data was used as the batch covariate which indicates belonging to one of the three categories: ‘organoid screen’ ‘secondary organoid screen’ or ‘fetal striatum 21pcw’ we used the scvi-tools implementation of scArches without the use of cell type annotations and trained the model for 500 epochs with weight_decay of 0 and otherwise default parameters For mapping to HNOCA we used scArches through scPoli and trained the model for 500 epochs without unlabelled prototype training we downloaded the FASTQ files and used Cell Ranger (v.4.0) to map reads to the human reference genome and transcriptome retrieved from Cell Ranger website (GRCh38 v.3.0.0) for gene expression quantification All datasets were concatenated together with anndata in Python (join = ‘inner’) samples were grouped into either ‘disease’ or ‘control’ as their disease status with ‘disease’ representing data from patient cell lines mutant cell lines with disease-related alleles cells carrying targeting guide RNAs (gRNAs) in CRISPR-based screen and tumour-derived organoids and ‘control’ representing data from healthy cell lines mutation-corrected cell lines and cells carrying only non-targeting gRNAs in a CRISPR-based screen the same implementation as mentioned above to map HNOCA to the atlas was used the query model was based on the scPoli model pretrained with the HNOCA data and fineturned with a batch size of 16,384 for a maximum of 30 epochs with 20 pretraining epochs A nearest neighbour graph was created for the disease-modelling atlas on the basis of the projected latent representation to HNOCA with scanpy (default parameters) with which a UMAP embedding was created with scanpy (default parameters) for both HNOCA and the disease-modelling atlas cells were represented by the concatenated representation of HNOCA-scPoli and primary-scANVI models A bipartite wkNN graph was then reconstructed as mentioned above by identifying 50 nearest neighbours in HNOCA for each disease-modelling atlas cell the majority voting-based label transfer was applied to transfer the four levels of hierarchical cell type annotation and regional identity to the disease-modelling atlas For each cell in the disease-modelling atlas a matched HNOCA metacell was reconstructed on the basis of the above mentioned bipartite wkNN for a query cell i and a gene j measured in HNOCA Ni represents all HNOCA nearest neighbours of the query cell ci wik represents the edge weight between query cell i and reference cell k and ekj represents expression level of gene j in reference cell k Given the matched HNOCA metacell transcriptomic profile the similarity between a query cell and its matched cell state in HNOCA is then calculated as the Spearman correlation between the query cell transcriptomic profile and its matched HNOCA metacell transcriptomic profile was applied to integrate cells from different samples On the basis of the harmony-integrated embeddings UMAP embeddings and Louvain clusters (resolution 0.5) were created on the basis of the nearest neighbour graph the two clusters with the highest AQP4 expression were selected for the following DE analysis cells from the publication were subset from the integrated disease-modelling atlas The same procedure of highly variable gene identification data scaling and PCA as the GBM-2019 dataset was applied the nearest neighbour graph was created directly on the basis of the top 20 principal components 1) were then created on the basis of the reconstructed nearest neighbour graph which express EMX1 and FOXG1 and were largely predicted to be dorsal telencephalic NPCs and neurons according to the transferred labels from HNOCA To compare expression levels of two groups of paired cells the expression difference per gene of each cell pair is first calculated on the basis of the log-normalized expression values its variance over the calculated expression difference per cell pair (σ2) is compared with the sum of squared of expression differences (di for gene i) normalized by the number of cell pairs: Using the map_query method of the mapper instance we projected the community datasets to HNOCA We used the following training hyperparameters: retrain = ‘partial’ early_stopping_kwargs = early_stopping_kwargs We computed the wkNN graph using the compute_wknn method of the mapper instance with k = 100 We transferred the final level_2 cell type labels from HNOCA to the community datasets using this neighbour graph To obtain the combined representation of HNOCA-CE we projected HNOCA together with the added community datasets through the trained model and computed a neighbour graph and UMAP from the resulting latent representation Further information on research design is available in the Nature Portfolio Reporting Summary linked to this article A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08482-x Assembly of functionally integrated human forebrain spheroids Human astrocyte maturation captured in 3D cerebral cortical spheroids derived from pluripotent stem cells Organoid single-cell genomic atlas uncovers human-specific features of brain development Differentiation and maturation of oligodendrocytes in human three-dimensional neural cultures Complex oscillatory waves emerging from cortical organoids model early human brain network development Individual brain organoids reproducibly form cell diversity of the human cerebral cortex hESC-derived thalamic organoids form reciprocal projections when fused with cortical organoids Reliability of human cortical organoid generation Generation of functional human 3D cortico-motor assembloids Cell stress in cortical organoids impairs molecular subtype specification Generation of human striatal organoids and cortico-striatal assembloids from human pluripotent stem cells Human CNS barrier-forming organoids with cerebrospinal fluid production Sliced human cortical organoids for modeling distinct cortical layer formation Developmental excitation-inhibition imbalance underlying psychoses revealed by single-cell analyses of discordant twins-derived cerebral organoids Neuronal defects in a human cellular model of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and glutamatergic dysfunction precede neuron loss in MAPT mutation cerebral organoids Single-cell transcriptomics captures features of human midbrain development and dopamine neuron diversity in brain organoids Generation of hypothalamic arcuate organoids from human induced pluripotent stem cells Identification of neural oscillations and epileptiform changes in human brain organoids Fleck, J. S. et al. Inferring and perturbing cell fate regulomes in human brain organoids. Nature https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05279-8 (2022) Lineage recording in human cerebral organoids Androgens increase excitatory neurogenic potential in human brain organoids Proper acquisition of cell class identity in organoids allows definition of fate specification programs of the human cerebral cortex Gruffi: an algorithm for computational removal of stressed cells from brain organoid transcriptomic datasets Human cerebellar organoids with functional Purkinje cells Autism genes converge on asynchronous development of shared neuron classes Comprehensive cell atlas of the first-trimester developing human brain Single-cell atlas of early human brain development highlights heterogeneity of human neuroepithelial cells and early radial glia An atlas of cortical arealization identifies dynamic molecular signatures Wang, L. et al. Molecular and cellular dynamics of the developing human neocortex at single-cell resolution. Preprint at bioRxiv https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.01.16.575956 (2024) 3D Brain organoids: studying brain development and disease outside the embryo Brain organoids: an ensemble of bioassays to investigate human neurodevelopment and disease A nomenclature consensus for nervous system organoids and assembloids Functional cortical neurons and astrocytes from human pluripotent stem cells in 3D culture Midbrain-like organoids from human pluripotent stem cells contain functional dopaminergic and neuromelanin-producing neurons Cerebral organoids model human brain development and microcephaly Cell diversity and network dynamics in photosensitive human brain organoids Establishing cerebral organoids as models of human-specific brain evolution Human cerebral organoids recapitulate gene expression programs of fetal neocortex development Differences and similarities between human and chimpanzee neural progenitors during cerebral cortex development An early cell shape transition drives evolutionary expansion of the human forebrain Single-cell brain organoid screening identifies developmental defects in autism Human ALS/FTD brain organoid slice cultures display distinct early astrocyte and targetable neuronal pathology Amin, N. 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Preprint at bioRxiv https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.05.11.540374 (2023) Deep generative modeling for single-cell transcriptomics Probabilistic harmonization and annotation of single-cell transcriptomics data with deep generative models Mapping single-cell data to reference atlases by transfer learning Gene Ontology: tool for the unification of biology Gene set enrichment analysis: a knowledge-based approach for interpreting genome-wide expression profiles The Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB) hallmark gene set collection Loss of NARS1 impairs progenitor proliferation in cortical brain organoids and leads to microcephaly Cerebral organoids derived from patients with Alzheimer’s disease with PSEN1/2 mutations have defective tissue patterning and altered development A human forebrain organoid model of fragile X syndrome exhibits altered neurogenesis and highlights new treatment strategies Schizophrenia is defined by cell-specific neuropathology and multiple neurodevelopmental mechanisms in patient-derived cerebral organoids Human cerebral organoids reveal progenitor pathology in EML1-linked cortical malformation Altered neuronal migratory trajectories in human cerebral organoids derived from individuals with neuronal heterotopia Transcription Factor 4 loss-of-function is associated with deficits in progenitor proliferation and cortical neuron content MECP2-related pathways are dysregulated in a cortical organoid model of myotonic dystrophy A patient-derived glioblastoma organoid model and biobank recapitulates inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity The somatic genomic landscape of glioblastoma CALD1 modulates gliomas progression via facilitating tumor angiogenesis Apoptotic cell-derived extracellular vesicles promote malignancy of glioblastoma via intercellular transfer of splicing factors Gene expression profiling and genetic markers in glioblastoma survival Fragile X syndrome: an overview and update of the FMR1 gene Cerebral organoids at the air-liquid interface generate diverse nerve tracts with functional output Wang, M. et al. Morphological diversification and functional maturation of human astrocytes in glia-enriched cortical organoid transplanted in mouse brain. Nat. Biotechnol. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41587-024-02157-8 (2024) Bertucci, T. et al. Improved protocol for reproducible human cortical organoids reveals early alterations in metabolism with mutations. Preprint at bioRxiv https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.07.11.548571 (2023) Caporale, N. et al. Multiplexing cortical brain organoids for the longitudinal dissection of developmental traits at single cell resolution. Preprint at bioRxiv https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.08.21.553507 (2023) dosage regulates neuronal differentiation and social behavior in 7q11.23 neurodevelopmental disorders Dony, L. et al. Chronic exposure to glucocorticoids amplifies inhibitory neuron cell fate during human neurodevelopment in organoids. Preprint at bioRxiv https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.01.21.576532 (2024) CZI Single-Cell Biology Program et al. CZ CELL×GENE Discover: a single-cell data platform for scalable exploration, analysis and modeling of aggregated data. Preprint at bioRxiv https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.10.30.563174 (2023) Sfaira accelerates data and model reuse in single cell genomics Virshup, I., Rybakov, S., Theis, F. J., Angerer, P. & Wolf, F. A. anndata: annotated data. Preprint at bioRxiv https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.12.16.473007 (2021) SCANPY: large-scale single-cell gene expression data analysis UMAP: Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection From Louvain to Leiden: guaranteeing well-connected communities Nolet, C. et al. Accelerating single-cell genomic analysis with GPUs. Preprint at bioRxiv https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.05.26.493607 (2022) YosefLab/scib-metrics: accelerated, Python-only, single-cell integration benchmarking metrics. GitHub https://github.com/YosefLab/scib-metrics (2024) CellRank for directed single-cell fate mapping Diffusion maps for high-dimensional single-cell analysis of differentiation data A Python library for probabilistic analysis of single-cell omics data The scverse project provides a computational ecosystem for single-cell omics data analysis Heumos, L. et al. Pertpy: an end-to-end framework for perturbation analysis. Preprint at bioRxiv https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.04.606516 (2024) scCODA is a Bayesian model for compositional single-cell data analysis Elastic net regularization paths for all generalized linear models RSEM: accurate transcript quantification from RNA-seq data with or without a reference genome decoupleR: ensemble of computational methods to infer biological activities from omics data edgeR: a Bioconductor package for differential expression analysis of digital gene expression data GSEApy: a comprehensive package for performing gene set enrichment analysis in Python AnimalTFDB 4.0: a comprehensive animal transcription factor database updated with variation and expression annotations sensitive and accurate integration of single-cell data with Harmony He, Z. Dony, L. & Fleck, J. S. An integrated transcriptomic cell atlas of human neural organoids: cleaned datasets. Zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11203684 (2023) Download references These authors contributed equally: Zhisong He Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP) Roche Pharma Research and Early Development Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Eli and Edythe Broad CIRM Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology collected and retrieved the scRNA-seq data involved in HNOCA generated the unpublished midbrain organoid data generated and shared the cerebellar organoid data before its publication curated cell type hierarchy with the support from L.D performed HNOCA data curation and metadata harmonization performed HNOCA data preprocessing and integration using the pipeline developed by Z.H. performed the benchmark of integration methods performed the real-time-informed pseudotime analysis performed reference mapping of HNOCA to the human developing brain atlas with support from A.S developed and performed label transfer and presence score estimation performed stage-matching analysis of HNOCA cells with the organoid protocols summarized by Z.H performed DE and transcriptomic comparison analysis performed the heterogeneity analysis of telencephalic cells and cell-level DE analysis with covariates performed reference mapping of organoid morphogen screen dataset to HNOCA and the human developing brain atlas and the follow-up analysis retrieved and analysed the scRNA-seq data of disease-modelling neural organoids and developed the procedure to compare with HNOCA curated extra datasets and performed reference mapping to expand HNOCA developed the HNOCA-tools Python package implementing analysis approaches developed in the study wrote the paper with input from all the coauthors All authors read and approved the final manuscript and has ownership interest in Dermagnostix GmbH and Cellarity The other authors declare no competing interests Nature thanks the anonymous reviewers for their contribution to the peer review of this work Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations = aggrecell algorithm (b) scIB benchmarking metrics on all tested integration methods (c) PCA of the scPoli sample embeddings from the final scPoli integration of HNOCA presented throughout the manuscript (d) UMAPs of HNOCA based on the final scPoli integration one data set is defined as data representing one protocol in one publication The protocol and publication of each data set are shown by the color bar and indices on top of the UMAP (a) Expression of selected marker genes used in the semi-automatic annotation of cell types for Fig. 1 (b) Mean cell type proportion over all data sets per organoid age bin (c) Distribution of sample real-time age in days over deciles of computed pseudotime (d) Expression of top markers in different non-telencephalic neural cell types Markers are defined as genes with AUC > 0.7 in-out detection rate ratio>2 and fold change>1.2 only the top-5 (with the highest in-out detection rate ratio) are shown Cells are firstly grouped by regional identities (j) Heatmap shows the enrichment of adult regional identities (columns) for HNOCA NPCs and neurons with different estimated regional identities (rows) (a) Schematic of estimating cell type enrichment with different morphogen usages (b) This heat map indicates in how many of the 17 iterations scCODA was executed (using each of the 17 regional cell identity as a reference once) the respective morphogen was found to lead to compositional changes with respect to the reference regional cell identity A morphogen effect was called significant in this consensus approach if it had a significant effect on cell type composition with respect to more than half of the reference cell types (c) Effect of different morphogens on regional organoid composition in HNOCA Positive values correspond to a higher abundance of cells from the indicated regional cell identity in cases where the respective morphogen was used in the differentiation protocol Top: log2-fold-effect sizes of morphogens per regional cell identity as computed by the scCODA model Bottom: L1-regularized linear model coefficients The dashed arrows show consistent enrichment/depletion identified by the two methods Sidebars on the left show organoid differentiation protocol types of HNOCA data sets Sidebars underneath show cell class and the commonest region information of the cell clusters in the primary reference (HyTh - hypothalamus colored by the max presence scores across different HNOCA data subsets A high max presence score suggests enrichment of the corresponding primary cell state in at least one HNOCA data set among the data sets based on the specific type of organoid protocols with a low score meaning under-representation of the cell state in all data sets in the subset Shown are all genes that are significantly differentially expressed compared to primary cells in the data from at least one publication is higher than the global transcriptomic fidelity (S1) which considers all the highly variable genes Core transcriptomic fidelity and global transcriptomic fidelity are highly correlated (left each dot represents one neural cell type in one HNOCA data set) while core transcriptomic fidelity is significantly higher (right dots are colored by density estimated with Gaussian kernel) P-value shows the Wilcoxon test significance (b) UMAP of cells from the HNOCA telencephalic trajectories colored by the transferred cell types from the human neocortical developmental atlas (upper) and the HNOCA annotation (c) UMAP of HNOCA telencephalic cells colored by expression levels of selected cell type markers (d) Distributions of adjusted mutual information across dorsal telencephalic neurons in different HNOCA samples between the transferred cell type labels and cluster labels generated with four different representations: 1) the original scPoli (scPoli-1) 2) the re-computed telencephalon-only scPoli based on given the transferred labels; 3) unintegrated PCA of the merged data; 4) PCA and clustering sample-wise (e) The joint atlas of human neocortical development and whether there is any counterpart in HNOCA dorsal telencephalic neurons (f) Distribution of the hallmark glycolysis scores in HNOCA and the primary atlas (g) Volcano plots show the F-test-based DE analysis results with (left) and without (right) the glycolysis scores and matched cluster labels as covariates The identified DEGs are colored by red (increased expression in HNOCA) or blue (decreased expression in HNOCA) (i) Changes of functional term enrichment by DAVID for DEGs based on the analysis with or without covariates The top panel shows enrichments for the up-regulated DEGs (uDEG) in organoids and the lower panel shows enrichments for the down-regulated DEGs (dDEG) Each dot indicates one functional term with raw P-value < 0.05 for both DEG sets Red dots indicate functional terms gaining enrichment with DEGs with covariates (with-covariate adjusted Pwt < 0.1 and without-covariate adjusted Pwo>Pwt) Blue dots indicate functional terms losing enrichment with DEGs without covariates (Pwt>0.1 and Pwo < 1 × 10−10) (j) Heatmap shows normalized coefficient (estimated logFC normalized by the overall logFC magnitude) of each DEG per data set Dendrograms show hierarchical clustering of DEGs and data sets Side bars on the left are colored based on the types of protocols and publications corresponding to the data sets (b) UMAP embedding of HNOCA and the screen data sets based on the joint scPoli latent space colored by annotated cell type (left) and data set (right) (c) scPoli UMAP embedding of the HNOCA colored by cell type (left) and max presence score across all data sets (right) (d) Heatmap showing min-max scaled average presence scores of each condition in the screen data set in HNOCA data sets (e) Heatmap showing min-max scaled average presence scores of each condition in the screen data set in each leiden cluster in HNOCA (f) UMAP embeddings of HNOCA (left) and the human developing brain atlas (right) colored by presence scores for each condition group in the screen data set (g) UMAP embeddings of the human developing brain atlas (upper) and screen data set (lower) colored by coexpression scores of clusters with gained coverage in the screen data set (a-c) UMAP of the unintegrated disease-modeling neural organoid atlas (c) transferred level-2 annotation from HNOCA and (d) transferred regional identities from HNOCA (e) Dot plot shows expression of selected cell type markers in cells with different transferred cell class labels (level-1) from HNOCA (f) Dot plot shows expression of selected regional markers in the predicted NPCs and neurons in the disease-modeling atlas with different transferred regional identities from HNOCA sizes of dots represent percentages of cells expressing the gene and colors of dots represent the average expression levels (g-j) UMAP of the glioblastoma GBM-2019 data set (h) predicted cell class labels (level-1) from the HNOCA projection (i) expression of astrocyte markers GFAP and AQP4 and (j) the AQP4+ population selected for DE analysis with HNOCA (k-n) UMAP of the fragile X syndrome FXS-2021 data set (l) predicted cell type annotation (level-2) from the HNOCA projection (m) expression of dorsal telencephalic cell markers FOXG1 (n) the dorsal telencephalic NPC and neuron subset for DE analysis with HNOCA (o) PCA of the scPoli sample embeddings of samples in HNOCA and five additional data sets projected to HNOCA YAML file of cell type markers and hierarchy used for snapseed Download citation DOI: 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“Dungeons & Dragons” is one of Hasbro’s most enduring and popular brands a table-top role-playing game (TTRPG for short) set in a world full of humans and orcs overseen by a Dungeon Master and navigated by rolls of multisided dice Since the franchise first launched in 1974 with “The Forgotten Realms” once its most enduring properties that means if Levy and Crevello’s ‘The Forgotten Realms” catches on with Netflix subscribers then a whole lot of “D&D” content will be on the screeners over the next decade.  But the show needs to finish development first so don’t expect it on Netflix until late 2026 at the earliest The Playlist is a leading film and television website critical takes and more for the film community at large from moviegoers to entertainment industry players to the modern-day binge-happy viewer Growing in reach over the last eight years in all forms of destination traffic and social media our loyal audience looks to The Playlist as an ahead-of-the-curve tastemaker for celebrating both contemporary and new cinematic voices Contact us: [email protected] © Copyright - ThePlaylist.net All Rights Reserved extravagance and an array of things that nobody could possibly need a town on the outskirts of Barcelona where he lived when he played for the club Last July, in an interview with GQ magazine, Lamine Yamal was asked what the best thing was about where he lived. “My bedroom is just two minutes away from the Barcelona dressing room and I don’t need too much time to get there,” he said Yamal, 17, is now a global icon after breaking through with Barca and helping Spain win the European Championship in Germany this summer But until very recently the teenager lived in what is essentially student accommodation at La Masia — Barcelona’s renowned youth academy Pau Cubarsi the Barca centre-back who is the same age as Yamal It has not worked out too badly for either of them — Yamal has 10 goal involvements (five goals five assists) in all competitions this season while Cubarsi is an undisputed starter at the back for Hansi Flick’s side Not that they receive any special treatment At the end of each Barca game at their temporary home Yamal and Cubarsi have had to make sure they don’t miss the car that drives them back to the club’s training facilities where they greet the 24-hour concierge at the doors of La Masia before heading to bed “That might sound incredible to some who are not familiar with Barcelona and how the club is,” says a source close to the first team who asked to remain anonymous to protect relationships “But living in La Masia has been totally instrumental to these kids’ breakout success.” Yamal and Cubarsi live in the latest version of La Masia — a modern set of buildings inside Barcelona’s Joan Gamper training complex that was opened in 2011 players from the youth ranks would live in a building next to the Camp Nou that gave the academy its name (the Catalan word ‘masia’ is usually translated as ‘farmhouse’ — a better catch-all description might be a rural dwelling particular to the east of Spain Some players would even stay in bedrooms built inside Barca’s stadium before the club outgrew its original academy facilities and needed to move out Now La Masia provides accommodation for more than 80 athletes across Barcelona’s youth ranks — including from other sporting disciplines such as basketball and handball The power of Barcelona’s La Masia youth academy – and why for years it was ignored “La Masia is extraordinary,” says Jordi Roura who was director of the academy from 2014 to 2021 but it’s difficult to find another one like La Masia.” Roura played for Barca as a kid and used to live in club accommodation sharing a room and becoming best friends with future managers Pep Guardiola and Tito Vilanova He was also part of both coaches’ backroom staff during their time with the first team everything was built to get the best out of the players,” Roura adds The youngest kids are the ones who are in bigger rooms and share with up to five more team-mates There are also four-people rooms and two-people rooms All food and meals are provided by the club La Masia has a high school inside the facilities where Barca can closely monitor and make sure players complete their compulsory studies the Spanish equivalent to GCSE exams in the UK or a U.S “The actual building where players live is literally minutes away from where the first team and the biggest stars train which strengthens the bond with the club and makes the player feel that they could be there one day,” says Roura It was traditionally used for athletes who really needed it: those from abroad or from outside Catalonia who may not have been able to leave their hometown and join the club without it They did not move to La Masia when they joined Barcelona Yamal had a sometimes tough upbringing between the city of Granollers both around a 40-minute drive to the north-east of Barcelona He didn’t always have an easy way to get to training sessions or weekend games and his father would have to take him on public transport because he didn’t have a driving licence Yamal’s coaches would offer to pick him up and drive him to the facilities Barca were certain they had a star on their hands when Yamal turned 12 so they spoke to his family and offered him the chance to move to La Masia “The club became aware of Lamine’s situation and as soon as that was evident he was offered a spot to live in La Masia,” a source close to Yamal says easier to go to train and easier to focus on the things a kid should be focused on.” Cubarsi’s reasons for moving were logistical is almost 70 miles from the training complex keeping up with his team’s trips as well as his studies became more difficult Pau Cubarsi's Barcelona story and the tiny Catalan village that shaped him “Having two kids in Yamal and Cubarsi who’ve managed to establish themselves with Barcelona and Spain while still living here sets a great example to the rest of the young talents,” says Roura Things have changed for Yamal and Cubarsi in the past few months but Yamal decided to move out as he takes his career to new levels He’s bought an apartment in Sant Joan Despi a short drive from Barca’s training ground But his daily routine isn’t too different — he has to report to club facilities each morning before training and there he has breakfast so the club’s nutritionists can monitor their meals That all means that Yamal spends most of his day at the site his new place allows him to have more of a private life and somewhere he can switch off from football spends practically every day with him and takes him to training How to spot a La Masia star: The secrets of Barcelona's youth academy Yamal’s camp insist his lifestyle has not changed much But it is hard to escape the impact Euro 2024 had for a teenager who was able to use public transport without being recognised a year and a half ago a 17-year-old Spanish boy with a passing resemblance for Yamal went viral on social media He recorded himself walking out of Barca’s official store which led to dozens of people surrounding him asking for pictures The local authorities were forced to intervene to escort the teenager away Yamal was far from impressed after seeing that incident on social media but it is just one example of the price he has had to pay for his rise to stardom — which might not have happened so quickly without living at La Masia There is a lesson there for anyone who wants to be in charge of the club in the near future: nothing contributes to the Barca brand like the path taken by youngsters such as Yamal and Cubarsi Architecture practice labaula cooperativa renovated the old town hall of the municipality of Santa Coloma de Cervelló located in the heart of the historic centre but over time it was modified for a number of uses The poor condition of the building led to its renovation and preserving its relationship with the citizens and the memory of the place The transformation carried out by the labaula cooperativa studio presents three different programs with different uses a multifunctional room on the ground floor is designed to be able to hold presentations and exhibitions The second consists of a room complementary to the multifunctional room which can also be used as an independent space The Youth House becomes the third and last use The intervention preserves the old urban layout of the municipality establishing a direct relationship with the Plaza Constitució through the façade a series of arches act as a cornice protecting the old roof while the interior is covered with cement-wood and brick panels The main objectives of the rehabilitation of the building were to improve the climate adapt the building for better accessibility and resolve structural problems such as reinforcing the floors and the roof Municipal equipment in Santa Coloma de Cervelló by labaula cooperativa Project description by labaula cooperativa The old Town Hall of Santa Coloma de Cervelló is a building located in the heart of the historic centre and in the mid-19th century it became the home of the first municipal public schools the building has been used for a number of purposes Poor maintenance led to its general poor condition which led to the process of rehabilitation and transformation as a municipal facility due to its special relationship with the citizens and the memory of the municipality The transformation of the building has been based on three programmes of different uses that have had to be made compatible with each other with independent accesses but which could interact at specific times a multifunctional room on the ground floor designed as a flexible room for other uses a system of swing and sliding doors allows for compartmentalisation as well as for it to be completely darkened for specific events an adjoining room that can be used as a complementary room to the presentation room or for independent use a Youth Centre (Esplai) on the first floor with an independent staircase and lift and a rear access via Església Street The greatest challenge of the intervention lies in how to act in relation to the very nature of the building The character of the current building is based mainly on the relationship that the building establishes with Plaza Constitució and on the fact of preserving the old urban layout of the municipality protect the ventilation crosses of the old roof are together with the chimneys and decorative elements of the roof all the significant elements worthy of mention nothing relevant to preserve prevails except based on a relatively conventional construction was carried out in successive construction phases without being able to establish conclusively the stages of the same The project started from a set of actions based on the climatic improvement of the building and the total adaptation to accessibility together with the resolution of structural issues such as the reinforcement of floors and the roof At an organizational level only one decision was taken: to place the communications core so that they organize the set of circulations and spaces of the building These two bodies are intertwined vertically and serve as a strategy for the entire action by organizing the light and materials of the intervention In the material selection and arrangement plan two opposing but complementary strategies have been arranged the original masonry dividing wall is shown as well as the central wall with all the stratifications of phases and materials in view the interior faces of the facades are covered with high-performance cladding made of cement-wood panels and brick labaula cooperativa. Technical Architect.- Raimon Vendrell.Structure.- MasaAd Adrià Goula. Archive REMODELING-RENOVATION A Youngstown man is scheduled to be sentenced in April after pleading guilty to raping a minor over six years pleaded guilty Thursday to two first-degree felony rape counts.  Nine other charges were dropped as part of a plea agreement He’ll be sentenced on April 10 by Mahoning County Common Pleas Court Judge John Durkin the crimes occurred between 2018 and 2023 when the victim was between the ages of 12 and 18 who lived at the same address as Alexander was also charged with bribery and intimidation to hinder the victim from filing charges Cervello is expected to enter a plea in her case on Thursday as well the daughter of Andrew and Ann Pachula Cibulas Ann was a 1944 graduate of Campbell Memorial High School Ann was a woman of deep faith and a member of Christ the Good Shepherd Parish She was involved in various church groups over the years She was a homemaker and had worked as a cook at the Sacred Heart Retreat House She loved spending time with her grandchildren and visiting her family in Cincinnati She also cared for many family members and those in need over the years she loved waiting for the mailman to see who sent her updated pictures of their family and friends which never left the refrigerator or cupboard door Ann’s last years were at Greenbrier Nursing Home in Boardman where she was known for her snow-white hair and beautiful red lipstick Ann will be deeply missed and always remembered by her children Patty Cervello of Boardman and Gloria (Rodney) Spak of Oldsmar Ashlee Spak and Trevor Spatember; and 10 great-grandchildren The Simchick Family has entrusted their loved one to the care of the Wasko Funeral Home in Campbell at Christ the Good Shepherd Parish,159 Reed Ave. A Mass of Christian Burial will follow at 11 a.m John The Baptist Catholic Cemetery in Lowellville Please visit www.waskofamily.com to view this obituary and to leave condolences with the family Boston – Pembroke announced that Cervello Inc. a data and analytics consulting firm that provides business planning solutions for their clients has signed a 5-year deal for 11,769 sq ft at Seaport West a leading global management consulting firm working with more than three-quarters of the Fortune Global 500 is relocating its headquarters to Seaport East with a new 10-year lease for 6,780 sq ft Citizens Energy Corporation channels revenues from successful energy ventures to make life’s basic needs more affordable to low-income households Cervello and our parent company Kearney love our new office in this dynamic location—it will serve as an excellent space to support our clients with their biggest business challenges I would like to thank Pembroke and JLL for facilitating our requests no matter how big.” Pembroke is undertaking a comprehensive renovation of the ground floor at Seaport East creating a welcoming new light-filled lobby with a new café that will seamlessly flow into the lobby offering breakfast featuring an abundance of plants and trees to bring the outdoors in while a new conference space and private upper-level treetop retreat will be available for meetings and events Director of Asset Management with Pembroke commented “We are delighted to welcome Cervello Inc and Citizens Energy as they are an outstanding fit for our growing tenant roster We are thrilled to offer new innovative amenities and a redesigned experience that will connect the building’s vibrant workforce and provide collaborative space for employees and visitors to gather.” “A driving force behind Cervello’s and Citizens Energy’s decisions to come to Seaport East was Pembroke’s plans to re-design the lobby and create a more welcoming place for tenants and guests to work and socialize Employees will enjoy the vibrant new café offering nutritious and convenient fare all day tenants and visitors will be inspired by the transformation and abundance of new areas to get together.” Seaport East & Seaport West are located at Commonwealth Pier Pembroke’s exciting revitalization project to create Boston’s newest waterfront destination Commonwealth Pier will be an energetic mix of retail It is a place to enjoy the Harbor with an enhanced Harborwalk and sweeping views Seaport East and West at Commonwealth pier offer a high-performance workplace of the future being repositioned to meet the needs of today’s dynamic workforce three existing office tenants at Seaport East and Seaport West renewed their leases for terms up to 10 years 126,560 sq ft remains available at Seaport East including two contiguous floors and a select number of partial floor spec suites Leasing services for Pembroke were provided by Bill Anderson Adam Schneier of Colliers represented Cervello and Jay Driscoll of Avison Young represented Citizens Energy This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks The action you just performed triggered the security solution There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page The multi-year deal is a monumental step in Israel’s NTA-led LRT project which aims at connecting six major Israeli cities to improve the quality of life for the country’s citizens CAF has entrusted Cervello with the task of implementing a fully comprehensive rail infrastructure cybersecurity solution to ensure the safety and integrity of the Purple Line’s 43 stations and estimated 256,000 daily passengers.  Throughout the development and implementation process Cervello shall provide security teams comprehensive visibility and proactive risk management capabilities to quickly identify and detect cyber threats Cervello Platform passively monitors all of the data throughout the rail environment It turns it into operational insights that users can use to mitigate threats while maintaining a continuous business operation Cervello’s unique proficiency in rail cybersecurity allows it to deliver in-depth contextual analysis and granular asset management in real-time CAF and Cervello’s alliance will transform the rail cybersecurity landscape world-leading solutions to fortify the Purple Line’s critical rail operations and infrastructure the companies will ensure the resiliency and integrity of Israel’s landmark project and integrate the Cervello Platform into the Cybersecurity Operations Center of Tel-Aviv’s LRT “We strive to ensure that passengers can travel with the utmost confidence at every stage of this development project, and selecting Cervello was no different,” Rodrigo Ramirez, Project Manager at CAF, said in a media statement “Cervello’s cybersecurity platform brings a new level of confidence and assurance that aligns with our standards as well as with our commitment to the safety and security of Israel’s transportation infrastructure.” “We are honored to be chosen to lead this important cybersecurity effort in our home region as well as to be collaborating with so many exceptional partners and innovators in their respective fields,” said Roie Onn ” It is our commitment to work diligently to ensure the safety and integrity of Tel Aviv’s LRT infrastructure.” the Yucca Valley High School football team took the field on a Thursday evening for a non-league game against Granite Hills thought it would be a good opportunity to scout the Trojans and it did not help that multiple key players were out with injuries But Johnson did not come away from the game without an impression even when they were losing big,” Johnson remembers eventually took over the starting running back position filling in for injured all-league player Stephon Rogers That coincided with the Trojans' surge in the second half of the season and winning 10 consecutive games leading into the Division 12 title game Harper did not start the season at running back rushing for a school single-season record 1,905 yards and 28 touchdowns to go with three receiving touchdowns two kickoff returns for touchdowns and 162 tackles for the CIF Division 12 finalists Harper is The Desert Sun’s Most Valuable Player "Myles had an incredible season," Yucca Valley head coach Jeremy Johnson "His play on offense and defense was a big reason for the season we had." a junior who rushed for a school-record 2,528 yards and 34 touchdowns to go with 37 receptions for 715 yards and six additional scores for the CIF Division 12 semifinalists is The Desert Sun’s offensive player of the year a senior cornerback who finished the season tied for fifth in the state with nine interceptions for a Xavier Prep team that reached the CIF Division 10 semifinals is The Desert Sun’s defensive player of the year who stands 5-foot-10 and weighs 175 pounds took over as the Trojans’ starting running back on Oct 6 versus Coachella Valley and rushed for 305 yards and four touchdowns He topped 200 yards rushing in five of Yucca Valley’s final eight games He scored 10 touchdowns and tallied 60 tackles in those four postseason games Against Cerritos in the Division 12 title game Harper rushed for 201 yards and a touchdown as the Trojans only real offense In the history of high school football in the Coachella Valley 13 players have rushed for 1,900 yards in a single season Harper is the only one to also record more than 100 tackles in the same season Ramirez is chasing recordsThe Coachella Valley running back who stands 5-foot-6 and weighs around 155 pounds was the ultimate offensive stat-stuffer this season Ramirez become just the third player in the history of the valley to record at least 2,500 rushing yards joining Shadow Hills’ James Toland and La Quinta’s Chris Toribio and just the fourth to score 34 rushing touchdowns in a season Toribio and La Quinta’s Frederick Collins were the others Ramirez was the most prolific as a receiver he was one of the five best receivers in the valley this season even without receiver being his primary position Imagine what his numbers could have been had Coachella Valley’s season opener not been canceled due to lightning Before that game was called in the first quarter Xavier Prep head coach James Dockery had spent months strategizing how to stop Ramirez rushed for 267 yards and four touchdowns the following week against Palo Verde Valley 259 yards and three touchdowns against Desert Hot Springs and then 233 yards and four touchdowns against Banning But he wasn’t just dominating Desert Valley League teams He ran for 391 yards and four touchdowns against South El Monte in the first round of the CIF playoffs then went for 376 and four more touchdowns against Don Lugo even with the Conquistadors obviously game planning to stop him Against Cerritos in the Division 12 semifinals while catching a pass for another score against the Dons "This was obviously one of the best individual seasons in the history of high school football in the valley," Bill Johnson said Ramirez has rushed for 4,920 yards and scored 74 rushing touchdowns during his high school career has more rushing yards (6,275) and rushing touchdowns (86) in a high school career among players in the history of the valley But Ramirez will be back next year in an attempt to break those records Cervello had earned the reputation for having one of the best legs among high school football players in the valley He started as a sophomore at Xavier Prep in a small role as the kicker and punter in 2021 his role had grown to the offensive and defensive side of the ball But his best ability was still kicking the ball A massive amount of work went into the offseason prior to his senior season Cervello not only set the school record for interceptions in a season — he did it while having his best season as a kicker punter and receiver as part of group that fell just short of what would have been the school’s first CIF championship game appearance "He was one of our hardest working guys in the offseason," said Dockery Cervello made play after play for the Saints as they topped Rancho Christian for a huge non-league win beat rival Palm Desert for the first time since 2016 held La Quinta to three points in the CIF playoffs and limited Kennedy a week later to just seven points Cervello intercepted a Knights pass at the goal line and raced 99 yards for a touchdown that destroyed any hopes of a Shadow Hills win and instead ignited a rout He intercepted two passes and defensed two others on Oct a week later in the regular season finale against Rancho Mirage he intercepted another pass that helped keep the Saints in the game “I personally feel Braden was easily the defensive player of the year,” said Dockery Andrew John covers sports in the Coachella Valley for The Desert Sun and the USA TODAY Network With the increasing digitalization of the rail sector, safeguarding the cybersecurity of critical systems is a vital component to maintaining the seamless operations of railway lines. Recognising the growing risks and complexities within the rail cybersecurity landscape, SBS Transit has entered into a collaboration with Cervello and ST Engineering Cervello was selected by SBS Transit to secure its rail critical information infrastructure after carefully considering the most advanced solutions available SBS Transit has appointed ST Engineering as the system integrator to implement Cervello’s end-to-end railway cybersecurity solutions enabling SBS Transit to enhance monitoring safeguarding the backbone of SBS Transit’s transportation network and ensuring the resilience and reliability of essential services in Singapore and promote Cervello solutions internationally.  Cervello Platform delivers maximum protection with zero disruption at rapid deployment for the entire rail infrastructure and turns data across all network environments into operational insights for better transportation service Cervello’s patented threat detection technology harnesses AI-based behavioral analysis to swiftly detect and identify even the most sophisticated threats This proactive approach ensures rapid responses to security incidents while maintaining operational efficiency.  Driven by a shared mission to advance innovation and cybersecurity within the rail industry this partnership enhances the security of vital transportation systems while preserving the commuter experience providing a safe and secure transportation system “Enhancing cybersecurity is an ongoing journey, never a destination, as we increasingly face new and advanced cyber threats,” Jeffrey Sim, group chief executive of SBS Transit, said in a media statement we continuously focus on building our cybersecurity defences and capabilities ensuring that we adopt the latest technology and meet the highest standards while complying with regulatory requirements This collaboration with Cervello paves the way for the implementation of a Cybersecurity Monitoring and Detection solution that safeguards our assets from cyber threats as well as strengthens the security and resilience of our rail infrastructure.” “We are honoured to be selected to provide comprehensive cybersecurity for SBS Transit’s operated infrastructure in Singapore This reflects our market leadership and global recognition as well as the shared mission to ensure the safety and reliability of essential transport services,” said Roie Onn we combine our expertise to transform and upgrade the offerings of rail transport around the world.” “We have been involved in securing and defending critical infrastructures against ever-evolving threats for over two decades,” said Goh Eng Choon “This collaboration reflects our customers’ confidence in our cybersecurity capabilities We are confident that our deep domain expertise and experience will enhance SBS Transit’s resilience against cyber threats and help to fortify the overall critical rail infrastructure.” The collaboration will focus on a 27km span across Tel Aviv’s metropolitan area Spanish rail manufacturer Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles (CAF) has announced the appointment of Cervello to offer infrastructure cybersecurity for Israel’s Light Rail Transit (LRT) Purple Line The multi-year agreement is said to represent a step forward in Israel’s NTA-led LRT project which intends to connect six major Israeli cities to improve the country’s residents’ quality of life Cervello is set to deliver a cybersecurity solution for train infrastructure to safeguard the Purple Line’s 43 stations and projected 256,000 daily passengers Project Manager at CAF emphasised the assurance that the appointment of Cervello brings Ramirez said: “We strive to ensure that passengers can travel with the utmost confidence at every stage of this development project Don’t let policy changes catch you off guard Stay proactive with real-time data and expert analysis Cervello plans to provide security teams with broad visibility and proactive risk management capabilities to promptly identify and detect cyber risks the joint effort between CAF and Cervello will “alter the rail cybersecurity environment” CEO and Co-Founder of Cervello added: “We are honoured to be chosen to lead this important cybersecurity effort in our home region as well as to be collaborating with so many exceptional partners and innovators in their respective fields.” “It is our commitment to work diligently to ensure the safety and integrity of Tel Aviv’s LRT infrastructure.” The project will feature further assistance from Bynet Data Communications with a contract term of 25 years and a contract value exceeding €525m ($572m) Nominations are now open for the prestigious Railway Technology Excellence Awards - one of the industry's most recognised programmes celebrating innovation This is your chance to showcase your achievements Don't miss the opportunity to be honoured among the best - submit your nomination today Give your business an edge with our leading industry insights View all newsletters from across the GlobalData Media network Complementary expertise and company cultures will drive major value-add for clients an elite business analytics and data management consultancy Kearney company," Cervello's team of renowned data engineers Kearney client service teams worldwide to power client performance improvement and transformation programs with expert technology consulting and data platforms will help us jointly develop more robust tools and customized solutions for our clients' most difficult problems," said Alex Liu "It will also be mission-critical for us to leverage Cervello's proven ability to develop "leave-behind" solutions and managed services that sustain value-delivery to our clients long after we complete the assignment." observed: "Cervello is already helping some of the world's most respected companies to win with data Kearney will exponentially increase our business impact to our current and future clients we will dramatically increase our global reach we see our strengths as blending remarkably well Our technology expertise will embed seamlessly within A.T our clients see the value and urgency in this combination of strengths All of us at Cervello are excited to be a driving force in the future growth of A.T and in the success of the firm's clients around the world." Kearney and Cervello are confident their complementary work cultures and consulting styles will mesh to excellent effect Both share a passion for delivering the innovative perspectives and tangible results companies now urgently need Both pride themselves on building transparent working alongside clients to help them succeed Media Contact: Bill Smith, Makovsky Phone: +1 212.508.9627 Email: [email protected] http://www.atkearney.com Do not sell or share my personal information: Metrics details “Mi Fuma il Cervello” (“steaming brain”) is the iconic self-portrait of Alighiero Boetti in which the artist is represented standing up while a copper hose lets water flow on his head A hidden electric resistance heats the sculpture’s head so that the splashing water forms a dense vapour mist as it comes in contact with the hot metal surface Such system is normally active only during museum exhibitions and determines critical conservation issues due to the inevitable formation of a thick and adherent calcareous deposit Italy) conducted an extensive conservative intervention aimed at retrieving the original aesthetic features of the bronze surface and its artificial patina finishing A conservation strategy was proposed based on the use of a superficial coating to protect the surface and to ease the removal of the calcareous deposits in view of future cleaning operations Three siliconic commercial paints were selected and preliminarily applied to specimens that simulate the actual alloy compatibility and durability of the treatments were tested by accelerated ageing test based on combined thermal and wetting cycles representative of the real working conditions A multi-analytical diagnostic approach was followed for the evaluation of the coatings characteristics and performances before and after aging: stereomicroscopy electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) The research showed that from the aesthetic point of view all coatings induce only limited and rather comparable initial colour variations The permanence of the treatments upon ageing was assessed in all cases but the protective layers appeared damaged and no longer continuous over the metal surface The best performing treatment was identified and further tested with respect to re-treatability The results provide indications for the general conservation and maintenance protocol Photographic documentation of the statue during an exhibition (a); detail of the hidden heating system (b); formation of calcareous deposit as a result of water evaporation (c) All photos courtesy of Alighiero Boetti’s Heirs The present investigation was carried out in the framework of an extensive conservative intervention of one of the statues conducted by Fonderia Artistica Battaglia (Milan Italy) in view of a major exhibition of Alighiero Boetti’s works housed by Galleria Stein in 2014–2015 The aim of the research was the definition of a general conservation protocol for cleaning protection and for the maintenance of all the statues of the series and are generally unsuitable for the cultural heritage field as they do not comply with the specific requirements A preliminary survey was therefore conducted among transparent paints available on the market and able to sustain working temperature up to 350 °C Three silicone-based commercial paints were selected and preliminary applied to specimens simulating the actual alloy and finishing of the statue Such products are not specifically intended for the cultural heritage surfaces and their compatibility for this specific application had to be assessed The aim of the research was to identify a sacrificial coating to reduce the risk of patina or sculptural detail losses For that it was necessary: (a) to assess the aesthetic compatibility of the coating; (b) to monitor its efficacy over time; and (c) to evaluate the reversibility upon ageing with respect to the ease of removal of the aged coating from the surface durability and reversibility were tested after accelerated ageing test based on combined thermal and wetting cycles representative of the actual working conditions A multi-analytical diagnostic approach was applied for the preliminary characterization and the monitoring through stereomicroscopy Coatings efficacy and durability were monitored by non-destructive in situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) used to evaluate the initial treatment efficacy and its durability with time Such technique provides real time information about the degradation rate of the artefact following a non-invasive in situ approach Even though the actual exposition conditions of the series can be considered very challenging and rather far from those generally encountered on bronze statues exposed outdoor the conservation and maintenance strategy here reported based on the use of sacrificial protective layers represents a suitable alternative also in more traditional conditions Bronze specimens were realized with a surface area of about 6 × 6 cm and the typical composition of the alloy used by Fonderia Artistica Battaglia (Table 1) The surface finishing of the statue was reproduced on the specimens by creating an artificial patina: specimens were heated up to 120 °C and brushed with an aqueous solution of 20% ammonium sulphide Three commercial coatings were selected for the testing on the basis of their resistance to high temperature (up to 350 °C) and transparency none of the coatings usually applied to bronze artworks can be used for comparison as they are unsuitable for high temperature The commercial products are supplied by Talken (color thermopaint heat resistant) Dupli-color (Supertherm spray) and Saratoga (happy color high temperature) An accelerated ageing procedure was defined to induce a deterioration patterns on the specimens similar to the one occurring to the statue during exhibitions The accelerated ageing procedure consisted in heating the samples up to 300 °C while pouring tap water continuously on the surface of the specimens thus recreating the vapour mist and consequent formation of calcareous deposits Tap water was used to simulate the most representative and stressing working condition as it is the one normally available during exhibitions and to promote the formation of the undesired calcareous deposits The samples were artificially aged for 100 h which typically corresponds to a 2-week exhibition period of the statue (6 days per week; 8 h per day) the thick calcareous deposits were removed by poultice using an aqueous solution of 10% EDTA supported by methylcellulose The contact time of the poultice was 1 h and the application was repeated two times the surface was rinsed with demineralized water All specimens were characterised before and after the application of the three products the reversibility of the treatment was evaluated on the best performing product by removing the coating after cleaning of the calcareous deposits with cotton swabs and acetone The labelling adopted to identify the surface conditions during the different treatment, aging and cleaning phases is summarised in Table 2 The photographic documentation of the specimens was made by a Canon Power Shot A2100 IS Stereomicroscopic observation was performed with a Leica M250C stereo microscope equipped with a Leica DFC290 digital camera for image acquisition Scanning electron microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM–EDS) was performed by using a Zeiss EVO 50 EP instrument equipped with a LaB6 source and X-ray Oxford INCA 200-Pentafet LZ4 spectrometer Fourier transformed infrared analyses (FTIR) were performed with a Nicolet 6700 spectrophotometer coupled with a Nicolet Continuum FTIR microscope Micro-samples of the coatings were analysed in diamond compression cells using an MCT detector The reported Rp are the averages of Rp and LPR measurements with the exception of protected samples for which Rp could not be calculated due to the high insulation provided by the cured coatings FTIR spectra of Dupli-color after different curings As far as the coating corrosion protection is concerned, the results of Rp measurements are reported in Fig. 3 The initial value of Rp for untreated samples is This indicates that the artificial patina does not provide any protection to the bronze substrate The increase of Rp for coatings without curing is moderate The efficacy of the coating with 50 °C curing is greatly improved Since Rp values are inversely correlated to corrosion rate the results suggest that the coatings cannot provide an effective protection against corrosion without a proper curing a 20-h curing at 50 °C leads to an increase of Rp of three to four orders of magnitude compared to the not cured ones and therefore to a reduction of the corrosion rate of the same order of magnitude only a 50 °C curing treatment was considered for the rest of this study the best performing product in terms of corrosion protection is Saratoga Even though the primary purpose of the proposed coatings is not to provide protection against corrosion to reduce the corrosion rate is always a desirable additional feature of a protective treatment Stereomicroscopic documentation of the bronze surfaces before (NT) and after the application of the coatings (P) This corresponds to a slightly darker appearance of the treated surface to the naked eye a* and b* values of the surface of the specimen before treatment (NT black dots) and after: coating application (P green dots): a sharp rise of the lightness (∆L = 21) associated to a significant reduction of the average red component (∆a = −9) which is greater than the pretty large standard deviation both in the red-green (a*) and yellow-blue (b) direction green dots) due to the almost white deposit formed (∆L = 14) and reduction of the average red component (∆a = −6) less marked than for Talken but with a much lower standard deviation The standard deviation in the yellow-blue component (b*) remains although with much larger standard deviation than the other coatings due to the discontinuous presence of the deposit The main effect is the reduction of the average red component (∆a = −5) also in this case The overall results indicate that the presence of Dupli-color is associated with a reduced formation of the calcareous deposit over the bronze surface Qualitative evaluation of the ease of the cleaning procedure was performed in collaboration with the restorer The same cleaning methodology was applied to all the aged samples The addition of the coating facilitates the removal of the calcareous deposits allowing a less invasive and more cost-effective cleaning operation is reduced and the presence of a sacrificial intermediate layer widens the range of suitable cleaning procedures such as the one previously described with EDTA poultice can be applied without removing the patina Macroscopic documentation of the surfaces after 100 h ageing (left side of the samples) and cleaning (right side of the samples) Observation of the coatings after cleaning indicates that all of them are still present although differently damaged. The effects of ageing are visible at all scales of observation (Figs. 6, 7). Stereomicroscopic (left column) and ESEM documentation (right column) of the protected The images shows the presence of residual calcareous deposit (LD) and loose crystals (LC) the coating no longer forms a continuous layer It has to be noted that in this case the difference with the corresponding NT (untreated) and P (protected) values remains a little bit greater than standard deviations The dispersion of colour values remains pretty large for Talken the standard deviations of Saratoga are reduced after cleaning to values similar to those of the NT (untreated) and P (protected) surface This is due to better removal of the deposits on Saratoga treated specimens The specimen treated with Dupli-color paint after deposit cleaning (PAC) underwent the most relevant colour change This is due to a decrease of lightness associated to a peculiar and intense reduction of b* a moderate reduction of the a* coordinate is observed as for the other coatings The overall colour results after ageing and cleaning allow to state that the Saratoga specimen shows the last relevant colour alteration, which consists mainly in reduced saturation of the hue with respect to the not treated one. The global colour changes after cleaning (PAC) with respect to the initial not treated bronze surfaces (NT) are reported in Table 5 whereas the variation induced by Dupli-color is considerably higher Even though corrosion protection is not the main goal of the proposed “sacrificial” coatings, the reduction of the corrosion rate would be a highly desirable additional feature of the treatment. As previously commented, all proposed coatings provide good initial protection of the specimens against atmospheric corrosion (Fig. 3) it is worth reminding that the real statues are subjected to very critical conditions during exhibitions that may result in rapid deterioration of the coatings Differences in terms of corrosion protection after aging are therefore crucial for the selection of the best performing coating: a high final protection outcome is not only desirable but is also correlated to stability and durability of the applied product Rp values of: samples without protectives (NT); protected samples before (P) and after (PAC) aging and cleaning the three proposed treatments show quite a different performance despite the very similar initial behaviour They all present marked reduction of Rp values that indicates reduction of the protection provided by the coating Saratoga shows the lowest loss of protection notwithstanding the surface pattern of cracked bubbles observed by SEM although its surface continuity appears compromised Rp values of aged Saratoga paint is still about two orders of magnitude higher than the untreated samples Dupli-color paint provides lower protection against corrosion after aging compared to Saratoga showing Rp values that are only one order of magnitude higher than the untreated surface which presents Rp values after aging very close to the untreated samples indicating that this type of coating does not provide a durable protection against corrosion after aging FTIR spectra of Dupli-color after curing (red line) and after ageing and cleaning (blue line) Saratoga was identified as the most suitable sacrificial treatment It showed the best performances in term of corrosion protection and durability as well as an overall good aesthetic compatibility in terms of global colour variation Also Talken can be considered a suitable choice however it was not selected considering its reduced corrosion protection properties after aging compared with Saratoga Dupli-color has to be discarded because of its low durability with respect to corrosion protection and to low chemical stability under severe aging condition despite the apparent reduction of the deposit formation that was very efficiently removed from the surface it displayed low aesthetic compatibility as it underwent the most significant colour changes after aging and deposit removal reversibility in terms of possibility to completely remove a coating without damaging the substrate is a highly desirable requirement for any surface protection treatment of the cultural heritage This is even more important in the case of a sacrificial layer which is meant to be reapplied several times during the life of the artwork Colorimetric and ESEM analyses have been performed in order to evaluate the removal efficacy of the aged coating The colorimetric characterisation of the surface after the removal of the aged and cleaned Saratoga paint (R) shows that the global colour change with respect to the untreated surface is very low (ΔE = 2.0). This value is significantly lower than the one calculated between the untreated (NT) and the aged and cleaned coating (PAC), as previously discussed (Table 5) This last is therefore mainly due to the alteration of the coating itself and to the minor contribution of the residual deposit Stereomicroscopic (a) and ESEM (b) observation of the border (indicated by the white arrows) separating the surface still protected with Saratoga after cleaning (CL) and the one after the removal of the coating (RE) Details of the surface morphology and EDX analyses of the treated area (c–d) and of the removed one (e–f) The conservation of Alighiero Boetti’s self-portrait series presents very severe problems In order to reduce the possible damage related to the periodic cleaning operations the use of a sacrificial layer as part of the maintenance strategy has been proposed Three transparent commercial paints for high temperature applications but not specifically intended for cultural heritage surfaces have been evaluated with respect to their overall compatibility The selected coatings require a high temperature curing (around 150 °C) to ensure the best performances in working conditions Preliminary tests were performed on not cured and on low temperature cured (50 °C) specimens in order to define a sustainable methodology that could be applied also in actual museum conditions Results confirmed that curing is necessary but it can be conducted even at low temperatures without hindering the paint performances According to the conservation requirements the overall results indicate that Saratoga and Talken paints are suitable for the specific application Dupli-color was discarded because of its chemical alteration reduced compatibility and extremely low corrosion protection after aging Saratoga was identified as the best performing material due to its higher durability and better performance in terms of corrosion protection after aging compared with the other products The selected paint also fulfilled the re-treatability requirement as it proved to be completely removable from the substrate without damaging the surface the removal operation can be easily carried out by means of an organic solvent following a cost-effective and low time-consuming methodology the use of a sacrificial coating resulted convenient from the operative point of view since it facilitates the cleaning of the calcareous deposits The proposed approach can therefore be implemented within the general maintenance protocol for the preservation of the complete series of portraits a similar approach based on the use of sacrificial protective layers can also be considered as valid conservation strategy in case of more traditional works of art and in presence of less aggressive exposure conditions The role of standards in conservation methods for metals in cultural heritage Corrosion and conservation of cultural heritage metallic artefacts Use of EIS for the evaluation of the protective properties of coatings for metallic cultural heritage: a review State of the art on high-temperature corrosion-resistant coatings Outdoor bronze protective coatings: characterisation by a new contact-probe electrochemical impedance measurements technique Padova: Edizioni Libreria Progetto di Padova; 2002 Laboratory and field tests on patinas and protective coating systems for outdoor bronze monuments Proceedings of the international conference metals conservation Canberra: National Museum of Australia; 2004 Characterisation of bronze corrosion and protection by contact-probe electrochemical impedance measurements In: Metal 2001: Proceedings of the international conference metals conservation Determination of instantaneous corrosion rates and runoff rates of copper from naturally patinated copper during continuous rain events FT-IR study of hydrolysis and polymerization of tetraethyl orthosilicate and polydimethyl siloxane in the presence of tetrabutyl orthotitanate Definition of the procedure to determine the suitability and durability of an anti-graffiti product for application on cultural heritage porous materials Performance of a new anti-graffiti agent used for immovable cultural heritage objects Download references carried out the interpretation of the results and drafted the manuscript EG and ST contributed to the electrochemical analysis the interpretation of the data and critically reviewed the manuscript LR performed part of the analyses and participated in the interpretation of the results PL and LT participated in the data interpretation and critically reviewed the manuscript The authors declare that they have no competing interests Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “Giulio Natta” Download citation DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-017-0132-7 Environmental Science and Pollution Research (2020) Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry (2020) providing rail operators and infrastructure managers with continuous visibility of their network and security posture along with the intelligence and guidance they need to respond as necessary.“Beyond feeling proud we are truly excited to see rail cybersecurity receive the attention it deserves at such a major cybersecurity conference,” said Roie Onn CEO and co-founder of Cervello.“Working with some of the largest rail organizations in the world we are aware and sensitive to the needs and challenges of the industry and look forward to sharing our own knowledge and experience with other industry experts.”“Working with some of the largest rail organizations in the world we are aware and sensitive to the needs and challenges of the industry and look forward to sharing our own knowledge and experience with other industry experts.” https://www.amazon.com/Time-Gates-Intuitive-Santo-Cervello/dp/1649909330                                                                                 2021 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Distribution of Art Books by Ingram Sparks Through our global distribution network “Time Gates The Intuitive Art of Santo Cervello,” is available to 40,000 retailers Canadian Actor Santo Cervello moved to Solvang California and within ten years he created more than 800 art images based on the subject of Time Gates Many creative people with their wonderful talents lived near Solvang Dean Martin`s Castle by the river and Michael Jackson’s Never Land The location is blessed with rolling hills near the ocean and sunny fields with beautiful magical horses An artist stands up in response to the needs of the time The common thread is the truth of what I call: Santo's intuitive you will be taken into a vast and deep territory through realms of the collective and personal unconscious powerful archetypal forces and cosmic powers Santo's art reminds us that time exists on a vertical scale of Explore a breath taking journey and enjoy a visionary Volumes two and five will be published soon has worked as actor-director and writer-producer in Canadian Theatre presenting innovative and transformative drama that reached millions of people in Canada He wrote plays for the CBC and BBC radio and a TV series for Singapore Television and performed in Carnegie Recital Hall in New York City Cervello established the Erewhon Theatre which awakened passions and created vibrant trends in Canadian Theatre until 2011 they now live in California and are busy creating the Actor’s Corner Café franchise Email: Santo.Cervello@actorscornercafe.com https://www.actorscornercafe.com/ A PDF accompanying this announcement is available at: http://ml.globenewswire.com/Resource/Download/a9d611c2-b280-4bbf-8a88-35577ba6a9b5 The contract will include the Israeli-based company’s threat detection technology to secure SBS Transit’s operations has selected rail cybersecurity company Cervello to secure its infrastructure with end-to-end solutions SBS said the contract would enhance the security of its vital transportation systems and ensure the preservation of the commuter experience with AI-based threat detection technology.  said: “Enhancing cybersecurity is an ongoing journey as we increasingly face new and advanced cyber threats.”  “This collaboration with Cervello paves the way for the implementation of a Cybersecurity Monitoring and Detection solution that safeguards our assets from cyber threats as well as strengthens the security and resilience of our rail infrastructure,” he added SBS has also appointed Singaporean technology and engineering group ST Engineering as the system integrator for the contract meaning the company will help implement Cervello’s solutions.  In addition to the tech company’s threat detection software the tech platform will also turn data from across the SBS Transit network into operational insights to ensure a safer and more improved transportation service.  said: “We are honoured to be selected to provide comprehensive cybersecurity for SBS Transit’s operated infrastructure in Singapore.  “This reflects our market leadership and global recognition as well as the shared mission to ensure the safety and reliability of essential transport services.”  In addition to its work in Singapore, Israel-based Cervello has also signed contracts with other major operators such as Switzerland’s SBB to deliver its platform.  The company’s VP of Customer Relations Israel Baron previously wrote for Railway Technology on how complex rail networks can be secured against cyber threats.  Be one of the first to try our new activity feed Cervelo jumps on the e-bike train with their first road and gravel e-bike managing to deliver a top performer — though with the brand's usual premium pricing It’s a sign of the times, seeing a brand that came to relevance touting aero and performance dropping an e-bike. Granted, not many folks expected Cervelo to release a mountain bike either Will the Cervelo Rouvida e-bike follow suit The Rouvida is the company’s first entry into the world of e-bikes. Basically, every major brand has an e-bike to some degree, cashing in on the fastest-growing segment of bicycles in the world. And the Rouvida covers the gamut, too, not only offering a road bike option but a gravel option too I’m not sure anyone would blame Cervelo for going where the money is at But what is surprising is how much thought was put into this bike Some bikes are (literally) just standard bicycles with a motor and battery strapped on look and feel like much more cohesive packages Even though e-bikes have started to grow in profile over the last eight to 10 years many folks who would consider themselves hard-core cyclists balk at the idea of riding an e-bike cycling is about the act of self-propulsion to reach a goal Building an e-bike was about making the riding experience more,” says Cervelo’s head of product development Ryan Calilung Cervelo’s always been about making riders faster it was more about bringing the fun that can come with an e-bike in a way that feels like Cervelo you can’t ignore what e-MTBs did for mountain biking There are so many positive unintended consequences to that and so much of it comes from more and more people finding the joy of riding MTB we see an opportunity for a new category to help people have that same level of fun and engagement So why would a brand associated with winning all three monuments with team Visma-Lease A Bike build an e-bike It’s an opportunity to help more folks feel the speed Cervelo is known for Whether that be with a bit of an assist or not doesn’t matter to them it’s also about maintaining a loyal but aging fan base Cervelo first launched in the 1990s and really gained steam in the mid-aughts More and more of those Cervelo fans are sure to be electric assist curious So rather than losing those customers to other brands the Rouvida looks just like a standard Cervelo The tube shapes pull from other bits of Cervelo’s more aero-focused lineup the first sign an unsuspecting rider has that this is an e-bike will likely be the small LED light bar placed on the top tube by the stem features five LEDs that show the bike’s battery charge status in 20 percent increments Different colors indicate what level of support the system is set to The front of the LED hub can be flipped up to access a USB-C charge port though the plug seems to only provide enough power to prevent your phone from dying mid-ride there’s no other display here; riders wanting more info as they ride must pair their system with an existing bike computer or with their smartphone On the likes of this Garmin Edge 540 Solar That light bar belongs to the Fazua Ride 60 system at a claimed 1.98 kg (4.36 pounds) for the motor alone and 2.2 kg (4.85 pounds) for Fazua’s 430 Wh battery with a Boost mode offering up 450 W in short bursts A pair of wires from the handlebars lead to a discreet button placed just below the inner edge of each brake hood This pair of buttons is the only way to turn the bike on and off and control the assist levels Press and hold the button on the left side to turn the bike on or off A single press of the right-sided button increases assist All of that is housed in a carbon frame that doesn’t look all that different from Cervelo’s own Caledonia all-road/endurance road bike which itself takes several cues from the rest of Cervelo’s more aero-focused road bikes The sides of the bike appear a bit slab-sided: wide and defined but somewhat flat in shape with the truncated airfoil shape that is common with most carbon road bikes that’s not too dissimilar from the Caledonia and Aspero gravel bike Cable routing technically counts as “fully-internal,” though it isn’t quite as bad as it could’ve been and assist controller wires are routed externally from the handlebar the Rouvida offers a pair of bottle cage mounts placed in the front triangle The Rouvida uses a SRAM Universal Derailleur Hanger (UDH) perhaps the first time I’ve seen it used on a drop bar bike with a replaceable rear dropout Cervelo uses the same frame and fork for both the Rouvida gravel builds and road builds but each build receives a set of dropouts that can be swapped around The geometry-changing dropouts adopt handling geometry to match the bike’s intended uses Cervelo recommends riders looking to change up how their Rouvida handles go to a local bike shop they tell me that using a rear flip chip would mean they wouldn’t be able to use a SRAM Universal Derailleur Hanger (UDH) and they couldn’t quite tailor the geometry how they wanted between road and gravel usage bringing the bike to the dealer means the dealer can change how the bike’s motor responds Swapping to the gravel geometry dropouts also means swapping to a Fazua motor profile tuned for gravel riding While I am generally against anything that makes it harder for a home mechanic to work on a bike I doubt the vast majority of cyclists actually use flip chips all that often anyway; they’re likely going to use the bike as it was set up from the bike shop I’d gladly take the ability to find a SRAM UDH at nearly any bike shop to being able to mess with a bike’s geometry Those replaceable dropouts mean the Rouvida can go back and forth between road and gravel uses The geometry chart reveals a surprisingly quick trail figure both for road and gravel — in the high 50s mm for the road setup and low 60s mm for gravel across the board But that’s exactly what Cervelo was looking for Calilung says that the Rouvida geometry came from a whole lot of testing E-bike geometry can’t just be a geometry copy and paste from another bike if only because the mass of an e-bike system changes how a bike rides Cervelo essentially ended up with Caledonia geometry That means you’re getting fairly upright fit geometry but quick handling at low and medium speeds This makes the bike feel surprisingly maneuverable on gravel Comparing an e-bike of this ilk the competition isn’t just about comparing how the frame rides and system are roughly the same weight as other lightweight mid-drive systems like Bosch’s Performance Line SX It offers similar if not better top-end power when compared to other mid-power e-bike motors from Specialized and Bosch’s Performance Line Sprint (SX) motor The key advantage that the Ride 60 motor offers over the competition is how simple the app makes tuning the motor Rather than flooding the rider with a bevy of adjustment options there’s a simple Q&A to tune for power preferences and what kind of terrain you’re riding the bike on While most other motors on the market offer this level of adjustment Fazua’s questionnaire is remarkably easy to use As far as bikes are concerned? The closest competition we’ve had for review includes the Specialized Turbo Creo, Trek Domane+ SLR and the Ventum ES1-G (with a review to come) but it also doesn’t quite have the power nor the Class 3 rating of the other bikes The Ventum ES1-G gravel e-bike offers plenty of power thanks to its Shimano EP8 mid-drive motor It also features a Shimano Di2 electronic drivetrain that enables auto-shifting when you slow down But while the Ventum offers great value for money the ES1-G’s aggressive fit geometry narrows the potential rider pool to folks who can tuck into a more aggressive position The Specialized Turbo Creo 2’s motor feels similar to the Cervelo but its focus on gravel riding means the Rouvida feels much more nimble while riding on the road particularly if they’re riding predominantly on dirt Folks riding mostly on the road might be better suited to something that feels more nimble a similar push toward mixing road and gravel capability The Domane+ SLR comes in at price points similar to the Cervelo as well The choice might come down to what bike you might be able to get a better deal on In for review was the Cervelo Rouvida Force XPLR AXS 1 It features a set of Reserve 40 gravel wheels with Zipp ZR1 hubs a Rockshox Reverb AXS wireless dropper post The actual weight of my size small Rouvida with carbon wheels was 33.7 pounds (15.3 kg) Riding and testing were done in a range of situations The most illustrative ride I went on is below we started the ride at 100 percent charge and finished with roughly 40 percent sticking predominantly to the Rouvida’s middle ‘River’ assist level: It’s important to note that with nearly any gravel or road e-bike the electric assist rarely will be designed to dominate how the bike rides Rather than the shove and jolt one might experience from a more powerful system That’s because the motor is rated to 250 W Those numbers are higher than the likes of the Fazua X20 one might find elsewhere but it won’t compare to the most powerful e-bikes out there The Rouvida’s drive system largely succeeds in feeling like a regular bike Some of these lightweight e-bike systems make you feel like you have a tailwind; the Fazua system feels as if you’re riding with a tailwind while hitting the highest power numbers you’ve seen in 15 years While you can feel something is going on as you pedal along seated it’s tough to tell the motor is helping as you go to stand out of the saddle just a steady stream of power that helps you ride along faster than you would on your own Like most of these lightweight e-bike systems power here from the torque and cadence sensors comes from a combination of speed and pedaling cadence while pedaling at a high RPM results in the motor being more eager to give up all of its assist all of this is adjustable through Fazua’s own app It’s cleaner than just about any other system I’ve used in recent memory with graphical charts showing how assist builds as the rider changes their pedaling input Want the bike to use less energy in the lowest of its three settings Simply slide the graph left and right to adjust how quickly the power comes on Folks who don’t want to deal with graphs can fill out a simple questionnaire that tells the system how you expect to ride the bike I found this to be the best way to set up the system but tailored to my riding style after using the app the drive system is quieter than most systems with only the slightest whir indicating to other riders that you’re riding a bike with electric assist the rest of the bike is about as good as you’d want The SRAM Force AXS drivetrain works wonderfully with levers that were highly adjustable for reach to different hand sizes That the AXS shift buttons also control the Rockshox Reverb AXS dropper post is always a neat addition the Rockshox Reverb AXS dropper offers a slight bit of suspension when the seat post is partially lowered The difference in how smooth the bike felt when seated was substantial the Rouvida felt stiff and almost unforgiving The bike was much smoother over any terrain where I was seated and pedaling Cervelo’s carbon gravel handlebar leaves little to complain about with a wide top area that gives a nice home for your palms however; if there’s a specific bar you prefer The same goes for the Selle Italia Model X Superflow saddle: perfectly serviceable but not something that especially stands out The WTB Vulpine tires set up tubeless here without a compressor these wheels not only come with a lifetime rider warranty but they also come with no rider weight limit I wish the bike had the option for a 2x or a 1x drivetrain the bigger jumps that come with a 10-44T cassette as seen here are effectively negated by the extra power the bike provides I felt the jumps between each gear were still a bit too big for riding with my local fast road ride particularly because the motor is so sensitive to cadence changes I appreciate that Fazua sought to add a USB-C plug to the bike that plug is powerful enough to keep your phone from losing a charge while riding; it’s not something I would rely upon for long rides Despite my agreement with Cervelo that the vast majority of riders won’t dither with their Rouvida’s handling characteristics by swapping the interchangeable dropouts I still wish this system was easier for the home mechanic Perhaps my biggest complaint comes from sheer cost but the Rouvida in this Force AXS spec is on the more expensive side of things at $9,800 USD That build sits in the middle of the range A Rouvida GRX 1×11 gravel bike costs $6,200 USD Add in a range extender that Cervelo hopes to have by the end of 2024 and prices go up even more It’s not like Cervelo has ever been a price leader in the market I hope to see prices go down sooner rather than later The Cervelo Rouvida might be the brand’s first e-bike It’s a well-considered and polished overall package that doesn’t seem to sacrifice anything very fun to ride in just about any situation Plenty of bike manufacturers use one e-bike platform for both road builds and gravel builds But the Rouvida’s trump card – its geometry-changing dropouts – allows the bike to truly shapeshift by changing its handling geometry the result is an e-bike that handles more like its non-electric bike siblings than nearly any other e-bike There’s no getting around the cost of this bike but the same can be said for a number of these high-end road and gravel e-bikes then it is harder to do better than the Cervelo Rouvida at the moment What’s it like to be an American cyclist living in France Watch to get professional road cyclist Joe Dombrowski’s view Cervello Ltd The round was led by North First Ventures and Awz Ventures with participation Nissim Bar-El (founder of Comsec Consulting Ltd) The company intends to use the funds to continue to expand operations and its business reach About us | Advertise with us | Contact us Posted: 7 April 2021 | Global Railway Review, Roie Onn | No comments yet In this interview for Global Railway Review shares his vision of how Zero Trust security is a necessary component of any railway organisation especially in times the industry adopts new-age technologies and digital integration of various vendors is booming With no doubt, this is an undeniable threat and the industry is taking major steps towards infrastructure cyber-security implementation We see that in standards and regulations to be published during 2021 but also in concrete customer requirements New tenders and infrastructure projects – including the upgrade of old generation equipment – are released with very specific cyber-security requirements at core and this is a significant change in the operators and infrastructure managers’ approach it was mostly required to explain or highlight the risks and different threats related to rail infrastructure – more specifically signalling systems and rolling stock we are approached by many customers that already understand their risks and consistently explore ways to mitigate them as this change in mindset in a very short period of time means that the industry truly understands that without being cyber secure – it cannot move forward properly from a safety perspective We are honoured to be an integral part of this important transformational change and hope to continue to help create a safer rail future especially with the massive shift to digital technologies and wireless channels in recent years Based on the interactions with our customers and partners we identify several motivators that tend to repeat themselves: is already becoming the modern way of thinking about cyber-security – just as the firewall perimeter security used to be The modern approach of performing more contextual procedures and activity in general is going to be the norm moving forward in all industries administrators of sensitive mission-critical networks argued that they shouldn’t trust anyone on their networks regardless of their title or responsibilities in the wake of two massive cyber-attacks in times of COVID-19 government officials and cyber-security practitioners are also saying that Zero Trust networks may be the single way to stop the evolving cyber chaos the American National Security Agency issued guidance urging network owners related to national security and critical infrastructure to adopt Zero Trust In many existing industrial computer and control networks once an attacker has logged into the system they can move freely and access various information without any further verification This reality is what cyber-security experts consider as the traditional ‘castle-and-moat’ approach protecting perimeter security by investing mainly in firewalls different intrusion prevention and detection tools and overall assuming activity inside the castle walls is (mostly) safe Considering ‘closed networks’ is the status-quo shifting from perimeter defence model to a resource access-based defence which is location-agnostic and more reliable in today’s data ecosystem that no longer necessarily follows a specific hierarchical flow and that any connection or command is suspicious (hence requiring validation) it potentially eliminates the ability of an attacker to move freely through the system – such as accessing other devices and networks connected without being authenticated at all Zero Trust reduces or prevents lateral movement and privilege escalation overall limiting the potential damage to an infrastructure network and more specifically to rail infrastructure …Zero Trust reduces or prevents lateral movement and privilege escalation powering critical infrastructure such as electric grids have become high profile targets for nation state attackers They are becoming more susceptible to cyber-physical attacks with many system deployments becoming digitalised and connected to the internet in various ways and having digital systems converging with the physical the security measures of such infrastructure should be of the highest standards and must be a priority to guard against the continuous threats of increasingly sophisticated malware and malicious cyber-threat actors Advanced Persistent Threats attackers may be motivated by a potential financial gain ideology or simply wish to destabilise or otherwise sabotage a critical rail infrastructure we are assuming they can launch their attack over an extended duration of time in order to remain undetected and slowly gain more access and privileges in the system This is what we consider as a residing cyber-tool which they possess This use-case is an example of why applying a Zero Trust model becomes crucial especially within rail infrastructure environments since the safety of passengers and goods should simply not be assumed The Cervello platform applies the Zero Trust concepts such as advanced network segmentation all while being certified and aligned with the industry restrictions One pillar of our Zero Trust is the implementation of a role-based access model where the concept of least-privilege is adopted to supervise the access of different network entities who legitimately need access to other assets/resources Another pillar of our Zero Trust is micro-segmentation Cervello’s micro-segmentation is our security technique that enables fine-grained security policies to be assigned to different applications down to the workload level as well as network devices/elements Such security policies could be practically synchronised with a virtual network operating system or other virtual security targets The concept of adaptable Trust based on constant monitoring is important for Zero Trust and our model is customised to suit the need of the network to ensure security – all without compromising safety measures and while not impeding system availability or integrity We are the only company offering a patented technology for Rail Signalling Authentication The heavy reliance on rail signalling infrastructure and safety mechanisms means that the Zero Trust framework must focus on protecting OT and IT devices without affecting the reliability of the machines components and hardware to produce their expected output The Cervello concept is based on a patented authentication technology that is fundamentally different from any existing SCADA ICS and other railway cyber-security intrusion detection solutions We apply a Zero Trust framework while segregating every network element and asset as opposed to only segregating levels or zones in the architecture The security value is incomparable to other solutions that are based solely on anomaly detection – relying on researched industry specific vulnerabilities/exploits and that even require human modification to ensure proper network segmentation or device discovery whenever a certain network element or asset establishes any connection it is correlated with Cervello’s asset inventory analyses and updates changes about the state of the devices with the most minimal effect on latency as an adversary may gain control of an asset after a connection is established In order to evaluate the state of a given asset our asset inventory has to process a variety of data sources The processed aggregate data is then sent to the allocated asset policy which indicates whether the given asset state is trustworthy or not The trust score is crucial since each network element or resource related to safety will have an associated minimum score required for proper access By utilising real-time monitoring data from controllers the Cervello server can correlate rail infrastructure behaviour with signalling device activity These types of evaluations can detect insider attacks from actors that are usually considered as trustworthy in other hierarchical security models and by other solutions offered to the industry today it is of general importance that the trust evaluation is tailored to the specific rail industry subsystems and substations architecture it is highly important to be very well familiar with the industry standards and best practices This contributes a lot to qualifying additional infrastructure risk from IT and OT network security perspectives This is why today we implement our platform passively – meaning that eventually we do not interfere with the critical procedures and activity allowing customers to always be in charge and with full control and as such we always strive to come up with new and better ways to provide more value to our customers With the industry becoming more digitalised the proliferation of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) which is considered within the industry as Rail Internet of Things (RIoT) can be considered a major motivator to move to Zero Trust as well since it changes the conceptual and security assumptions that the hierarchical nature of data flow is based on There are of course challenges and limitations that must be resolved such as the fact that redesigning and deploying new systems can be disruptive and costly within the industry in today’s reality yet this could be solved by closely collaborating with equipment manufacturers and system integrators the old protocols in place make the task even more challenging with many of such protocols being proprietary and vendor specific we’ve been able to develop a state-of-the-art technology that overcomes these challenges and for that purpose as well we are working alongside strategic partners to make sure cyber-security is part of their new architecture – all to implement the concept by design Partnering with Expandium enables us to combine our cyber-security expertise together with Expandium’s expertise in network monitoring and predictive maintenance in a way that the customers will gain maximum operational efficiency at minimum costs for a scalable and agnostic infrastructure monitoring software our technologies can feed each other and contribute to the overall insights from both perspectives I believe we will see more and more strategic collaborations between leading companies in the market …one of the clear Zero Trust security model advantages is its ability to eliminate unauthorised control of operational rail assets or access to sensitive data and services within the rail network micro-segments When considering the rail industry’s standards for network segmentation or the allocation into security zones and conduits one of the clear Zero Trust security model advantages is its ability to eliminate unauthorised control of operational rail assets or access to sensitive data and services within the rail network micro-segments Even once such security levels or zones are defined the passive supervision and verification of all operational requests strengthens as much as possible the borders of the different types of zones more accurate and well-defined zones – limits lateral access throughout the network Segmented security becomes more important as workloads become digital or even mobile and considering that the industry shall continue moving forward technologically – Zero Trust security is probably the safest way to ensure such alignments going into the future Roie Onn is the CEO and Co-Founder at Cervello an Israeli rail cyber-security leading provider dedicated to protecting the quality of railway safety Roie brings a unique technical background that includes extensive experience in cybersecurity – specialising in hacking operations Roie was a Network Security Specialist at the Israel Security Agency (ISA) cyber division he served in the elite technological unit 8200 of the Israeli Intelligence Corps as a Security Researcher and Commander The Cervello team combines cyber-security experts and industry leaders amongst them the former CISO (Chief Information Security Officer) of the national Israel Railways operator Big Data, Cyber-Security, Digitalisation, Technology & Software Cervello Roie Onn By Global Railway Review, Roie Onn No comments yet All subscriptions include online membership giving you access to the journal and exclusive content By Simon Fletcher By Gabriel Higgins Comment * document.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id" "a1219dfa2259127a5d6450db90d9aa7e" );document.getElementById("j0f0bb4fb4").setAttribute( "id" Write for us | Advertise with us Global Railway Review is published by: Russell Publishing Ltd.Court LodgeHogtrough HillBrasted © Russell Publishing Limited Website development by e-Motive Media Limited An investigator with a Riverside County task force testified Wednesday to the surveillance of phones and people that resulted in the arrest of the man charged with four murders in Palm Springs as he attempted to board a bus to Florida the day after the killings in 2019 The testimony provides the public with the first account of how Jose Vladimir Larin-Garcia of Cathedral City was tracked to the bus station on the day of his arrest after evidence found in his bedroom at his home prompted police to seek him for further questioning.  Larin-Garcia is on trial for the slayings of Yuliana Garcia, 17; Juan Duarte Raya Rivera was found fatally shot on Canon Drive just before midnight on Feb The other three were found dead inside of a Toyota Corolla that had crashed in front of a residence on East Sunny Dunes Road Larin-Garcia has pleaded not guilty to the charges. He faces the possibility of the death sentence if convicted Larin-Garcia was found hiding under a truck blocks away from the crashed car soon after police arrived on the scene on Feb and was taken to a hospital to be treated for minor injuries Larin-Garcia was not in police custody when he was taken to the hospital and left sometime in the early morning hours of Feb according to the testimony of several officers Police began to search for him soon after he left the hospital Palm Springs police had been searching for Larin-Garcia for about eight hours when they contacted Riverside County District Attorney's Office Investigator Charles Cervello for his team's assistance Cervello testified that his team of investigators is occasionally called to assist departments that are searching for persons of interest in homicide and other major criminal investigations Cervello said that he and other investigators began staking out Larin-Garcia's Cathedral City home around 2 p.m He told jurors that the team wasn't sure of Larin-Garcia's whereabouts after he left the hospital but were confident that surveilling his home could generate leads.  A man was seen arriving at the apartment before 3 p.m. and leaving after only minutes inside with a backpack a woman with a young child exited the apartment and agents questioned her who also testified with the help of an Spanish interpreter Wednesday Vanegas said that the agents asked about her son who she had received a voicemail from earlier in the morning He was distressed and said he thought he was going to be arrested Cervello said that he asked Vanegas if he could go in the apartment and see if Larin-Garcia was inside Cervello told jurors he went inside the home and entered what had been described to him as Larin-Garcia's room He saw a cartridge on the ground "in plain view." live cartridge," Cervello told jurors.  Other police officers and medical examiners have testified over the past week that the four were fatally shot with a 9mm firearm but Cervello did not make this connection during his testimony Cervello said that he informed Palm Springs Police Department of what he saw and told Vanegas that no one would be allowed in the apartment until a warranted search was conducted by police Vanegas was questioned further and said that Joseph Beaver Cervello said that his team was able to obtain GPS location information for Beaver's phone and found he had recently been in Indio Two bus stations were near where Beaver's phone had been tracked adding he had worked for that city's police department and knew the area well.  The manager of one bus station said he had not seen anyone purchase a ticket that resembled either Beaver or Larin-Garcia The manager of the Greyhound Bus Station in Indio recognized the picture of Beaver provided by Cervello who told him Larin-Garcia was in the area of the bus station and provided him with a description of what he had been wearing A team of eight agents gathered near the station around sunset When a man who appeared to fit his description was seen approaching the station a plainclothes agent took a closer look and alerted the others it was believed to be him Cervello testified that the station's manager let the agents in through the back door and within moments they made the arrest Beaver testified on both Tuesday and Wednesday that his memory of the events leading to Larin-Garcia's arrest is murky He said that he purchased Larin-Garcia the ticket to Florida under a name he made up: "Joseph Brown." But when asked for more information about why he did so and why to that location Beaver described to Larin-Garcia to the jury as a friend of his son's who would stay at his Palm Springs home from time to time He knew him as "Vladis," and couldn't recall more about his history or family He said Larin-Garcia arrived at his home early on the morning of Feb wearing a hospital gown and appearing to be injured He said Larin-Garcia did not force or intimidate him into buying the ticket He said he helped him by gathering clothes from his home.  Beaver told jurors that the ticket cost $140 but couldn't remember if he was reimbursed for it He testified that he used his military discount to help Larin-Garcia save money Christopher Damien covers public safety and the criminal justice system He can be reached at christopher.damien@desertsun.com or follow him at @chris_a_damien President Barack Obama has reaffirmed his vision to send humans to Mars In an editorial posted on CNN.com today (Oct the president wrote of his goal of "sending humans to Mars by the 2030s and returning them safely to Earth with the ultimate ambition to one day remain there for an extended time." how NASA plans to "utilize public-private partnerships to enable humans to live and work in space in a sustainable way." The researchers said the new study revealed a far greater extent of brain damage than what was hinted at in their shorter "This is not positive news for astronauts deployed on a two- to three-year round-trip to Mars," said Charles Limoli a professor of radiation oncology at the University of California Get the world’s most fascinating discoveries delivered straight to your inbox NASA told Live Science that the agency is funding such studies to better understand the risks posed to its astronauts although the agency was not aware that Limoli's study was published and could not comment on the details Astronauts in space face two kinds of radiation hazards. One is the solar radiation from the sun, including ultraviolet rays which emanates from all directions in deep space and comprises atomic particles far more energetic (and thus more damaging) than solar radiation Russian cosmonaut Valeri Polyakov (born Valeri Ivanovich Korshunov but later changed his name) holds the record for the longest continuous time in orbit — almost 438 days aboard the Mir space station suggested that radiation may hasten the development of Alzheimer's To simulate the cosmic radiation exposure humans would face during a long Mars trip Limoli's group exposed rodents to charged particles at the NASA Space Radiation Laboratory at the Brookhaven National Laboratory in Upton this loss could lead astronauts to make poor decisions that could affect the safety of the crew Yet Limoli remains optimistic that NASA can still send astronauts safely to Mars "This is not a deal breaker," he told Live Science "This [cosmic radiation] is simply something we have to deal with." have notable declines in their cognitive function Another way is an active method of installing an electromagnetic field to deflect the radiation Limoli said his group and others are working on another strategy medicines that could repair the damage caused by radiation It will certainly be a memorable trip to Mars and NASA hopes the astronauts will stay healthy enough to remember it Food at Work (2005) and Bad Medicine (2003). His "Food at Work" book and project was commissioned by the U.N.'s International Labor Organization and he has written extensively for The Washington Post and Sky & Telescope among others as well as for the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Christopher holds a Master of Health degree from Harvard School of Public Health and a degree in journalism from Temple University Colors are universal — even if our perception of them is subjective Scientists hijacked the human eye to get it to see a brand-new color Secret 'drug room' full of psychedelic 'snuff tubes' discovered at pre-Inca site in Peru please e-mail your queries to editor@metrorailtoday.com Roie Onn is the CEO & Co-Founder of Cervello He previously worked at the Office of the Prime Minister of Israel as a Senior Security Researcher Roie Onn attended Reichman University (IDC Herzliya) In a recent interaction with Metro Rail Today Roie has explained how cyber security is importatnt for rail & metro sectors Rail systems face several unique risks and challenges including operational disruptions that translate into service disruptions or delays; damage to physical infrastructure which can be incredibly costly to fix and have direct implications on passenger safety; and data breaches which compromise confidential passenger and business information jeopardizing the railway’s reputation.  The challenge for rail lies in the complexity of its networks Rail systems rely heavily on advanced computer networks while much of the critical infrastructure still includes legacy systems that may have inherent security vulnerabilities including the integration of digital technologies has expanded the attack surface for rail networks the blend of old and new systems generates a unique cybersecurity challenge that is difficult to address without proper rail-specific tools.  Another factor that contributes to the vulnerability of rail systems is the reliance on third-party suppliers and contractors These collaborations introduce additional entry points for potential cyber attacks Cybersecurity vulnerabilities within the supply chain can then expose the overall rail system to those same risks.  insider threats should not be taken lightly The rail industry in the US employs more than 140,000 people that is a lot of people with access to rail systems and who can intentionally or unintentionally cause irreparable damage through simple misuse.  an attack on one system has the potential to impact the entire network Rail networks operate using many different technologies and systems and include thousands of internal and external connections The increased complexity of train networks and the dependency on digital technologies has exasperated the problem integration of third-party systems and supply chain risks have created greater opportunities for malicious actors to exploit vulnerabilities A breach at a third party vendor can prompt an immediate railway shutdown to prevent the endangerment of service operations as was the case with Denmark's train network disruption in October.  Vulnerabilities can also appear during data transmission Interconnected systems often involve the transfer of vast amounts of data which can be intercepted or tampered with if not properly secured such as train control systems and signaling were traditionally isolated from the internet with increased connectivity and integration the exposure of OT systems to potential cyber threats has significantly increased.  One of the immediate consequences of a successful cyber attack on a rail system is the disruption of operations – trains coming to a stop Attackers gaining unauthorized access to train control systems or signaling infrastructure could manipulate train movements Broader long-term consequences can affect both the rail company and its customers such as data breaches that expose personal passenger information or a customer’s operational data which are detrimental to a rail company's reputation and customer trust.  Rail attacks have national security implications Rail systems play a critical role in a country's transportation infrastructure serving as a backbone for economic activities and national mobility A disruption in rail services can have cascading effects on other sectors of the economy The overall economic impact can be far-reaching affecting not just the rail company but also the communities and businesses that rely on its services rail operators need to adopt a multi-layered approach to cybersecurity It starts with conducting thorough risk assessments to identify vulnerabilities and potential entry points for cyber attacks Implementing robust authentication mechanisms such as multi-factor authentication and role-based access controls is crucial to prevent unauthorized access.  Ensuring full visibility and network segmentation as well as continuous traffic monitoring and analysis can help detect and prevent any unusual or lateral movement of cyber threats within the infrastructure It’s critical to enable logging and analysis with contextual information and real-time visibility so security teams are quickly alerted about potential threats which can be done together with the cybersecurity provider to ensure they do not interfere with service operations Rail operators should engage with cybersecurity experts and government agencies to stay updated on the latest threats and best practices Sharing information and experiences within the industry helps raise awareness and collectively strengthen defenses.  being proactive and cybersecurity-conscious is key to preventing a cyber attack Educating employees about cybersecurity best practices and the importance of maintaining network security is crucial Security-by-design is an approach we strongly recommend as it means that the infrastructure receives a customized cybersecurity solution from the very beginning railways can prepare themselves for any event by establishing clear incident response procedures as well as performing regular drills and simulations to help validate the effectiveness of the plan and ensure a coordinated response in the event of an attack A strong cybersecurity strategy is one that focuses on threat prevention rather than detection A cyber attack is like a virus; little can be done once it has penetrated certain areas It is crucial that rail security teams have complete visibility over their entire network and have already conducted a comprehensive risk assessment to prioritize the patching of vulnerabilities and misconfigurations They must establish robust governance structures and procedures to guide cybersecurity efforts within the rail organization Organizations with a proactive approach are also educating their employees on cybersecurity best practices and methods to detect and respond to potential threats while also encouraging reporting of security incidents and anomalous behaviors.  to ensure continuous monitoring and threat detection and be consistent about maintenance and assessments of the organization’s security posture.  Through internal research and leveraging our external knowledge base We work closely with all leading industry rail and cybersecurity associations and key stakeholders with whom we discuss and share the latest research It’s important for us to not only be up to date with cybersecurity-related topics but also with the latest technological trends in rail and OT/IT/IoT We are part of various working groups focused on rail and transportation cybersecurity with some of the largest government and regulatory bodies We also have very close relationships with our partners or IT cybersecurity; together we build a picture of the latest in all areas There are numerous ways to be involved and learn and it’s important to be proactive in staying updated with this quickly evolving sector.  one prominent framework is the International Electrotechnical Commission's (IEC) 62443 standard series This set of standards offers comprehensive guidance on the security of industrial automation and control systems including those employed in rail operations countries have their own regulatory bodies and standards specific to rail cybersecurity the TSA Security Directive in the United States encourages a proactive approach to cybersecurity by enforcing risk assessments various organizations are active in pushing for better cybersecurity standards The International Association of Public Transport (UITP) and the International Union of Railways (UIC) are prominent entities that provide guidance and best practices for rail cybersecurity These organizations facilitate knowledge sharing and the development of standards that address the unique challenges faced by the rail industry collaborating members in various UITP working groups.  The adoption of emerging technologies mainly provides more entry points for hackers to exploit those entry points become incredibly high risk and if that data is compromised or manipulated it can undermine the integrity and effectiveness of AI systems it can then affect many other areas within the network on the interdependencies of the affected system Upon detection of any cybersecurity incident or vulnerability Cervello Platform will signal an alert and suggest a full incident response playbook The playbook is an automated set of guidelines designed together with the rail company to help the security teams take the fastest most efficient course of action to prevent any further disruption or breach It provides a full contextual overview of the incident including a breakdown of the operational consequences of each action in the rails' systems Employees are often the first line of defense against cyber threats due to the interconnectivity we discussed earlier training and awareness programs are crucial to an organization’s cybersecurity approach recognize common attack vectors such as phishing emails Cultivating a culture of cybersecurity awareness and providing continuous education will strengthen the organization’s defenses and fosters a sense of shared responsibility When a rail organization is looking to implement a cybersecurity solution Hesitation mainly stems from the uncertainty of how it will affect the existing systems and if they can trust us as third-party providers When an organization is ready to implement a cybersecurity plan they look at which solution can provide them the best most effective and efficient platform to manage and secure their assets Cervello is a one-stop-shop cybersecurity platform We do offer our solutions separately depending on the needs of the rail organization; however you’re very happy you have it.  We expect to see a lot more of machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) These technologies have the potential to revolutionize how we detect and respond to cyber threats in real time Cervello uses AI to help with incident response automation which is critical in the effective mitigation of threats.  the concept of zero-trust architecture has gained significant attention in recent years Zero-trust architecture ensures every user or system requesting access is continuously verified and authenticated regardless of their location within the network zero-rust monitoring to enhance the resilience of networks without interfering with service operations We involve key stakeholders from both the cybersecurity and operational teams to understand their main challenges we can align our efforts and build a practical plan of action that considers both the security requirements and operational constraints We always start with a risk assessment to identify the critical assets and the operational impact of cyber threats This enables us to prioritize cybersecurity measures.  Vinod Shah is an experienced urban transport journalist Copyright © 2015-2023 |Metro Rail Today Supported by: Urban Infra Group This site is intended for healthcare professionals Nasal and mouth sprays containing fusafungine for treating the common cold tonsillitis and some upper respiratory tract infections should no longer be marketed in the European Union because of the risk of potentially fatal allergic reactions according to a recommendation from the European Medicines Agency (EMA) an anti-inflammatory and antibiotic medicine concluded that its risks — although rare — outweighed its benefits by the EMA’s Pharmacovigilance Risk Assessment Committee (PRAC) found that the majority of serious reactions which involved excessive and prolonged contractions of the airway muscles leading to breathing difficulties The PRAC’s recommendation also takes into account its concern that the product has the potential to promote antibiotic resistance Fusafungine-containing sprays are currently licensed for use in Austria They have never been approved for use in the UK The PRAC recommendation now faces the EMA’s Co-ordination Group for Mutual Recognition and Decentralised Procedures for final approval Cervélo has had one goal: to make every rider faster Team Visma | Lease a Bike strives for performance and innovation every day Cervélo and Team Visma | Lease a Bike share a common vision of continuous improvement This shared mentality has resulted in a fruitful collaboration where the feedback loop between the team and Cervélo has contributed to the development of advanced bikes that meet the highest standards of professional riders the Team Visma | Lease a Bike riders have achieved countless magnificent victories Subscribe yourself for the Team Visma | Lease a Bike newsletter and receive previews for races The Internet is going nuts Friday over the video of a nurse who was freediving around nurse sharks in The Maldives when one of the sharks decided it was time to sink its teeth into Carmen Canovas Cervello which was posted on Instagram in January by Ibrahim Shafeeg who goes by "The Shark Guy," shows Cervello experiencing something she wasn't hoping to take home from vacation -- bite marks "I'll never forget it," Cervello said on Instagram while also adding a "Caution" emoji You're damn right she'll never forget it Shafeeg tells Media Drum World that there were around 10 nurse sharks in the area and all of them were somewhere in the 200-pound range What is a woman in a two-piece bikini doing swimming in the middle of sharks that appear to be feeding You gotta get that IG footage for the views Carmen got the clicks and a viral video out of the ordeal "It is highly recommended that divers do not try to feed nurse sharks while swimming with them...," The Shark Guy wrote on his Instagram "Accident happens during freedive at shark point while feeding…Take precautions while swimming with sharks." That explanation didn't sit well with the shark and freediving community "No mention of the personal responsibility that falls on this divers horrible technique at descending through the sharks huh?" Deano Cook "She bares no responsibility for this "She woulda got the same result with that terrible timing and technique She’s clearly the reason she got bit She’s as irresponsible as this lane post If you have no skills and clearly none are displayed here stay away from sharks or get what you deserve You are agreeing to OutKick's Terms of Use and Privacy Policy DISCLAIMER: This site is 100% for entertainment purposes only and does not involve real money betting. Gambling related content is not intended for anyone under the age of 21. If you or someone you know has a gambling problem and wants help, call 1-800-GAMBLER. Be one of the first to try our new activity feed! Tap “Home” to explore. The P5X is first and foremost a problem solver, designed to meet the specific needs of triathletes. Cervélo’s primary goal was to create the ultimate triathlon bike. The seven goals below were conceived by the design team and are listed in order of their importance: Modular, integrated storage that’s easy to access Easy to adjust the athlete’s position after initial setup Unlike the Speedcase, the Stealth Box is integrated into the frame and exists in the space between the crank and front wheel. This is where you’d likely store flat repair items like spare tubes, CO2 canisters and tire levers. You could remove the Stealth Box and have access to storage all the way up the downtube of the frame. This would be a great place to stash a rain jacket or a warm pair of gloves in case the weather turned foul on a ride. There are three locations to mount bottles on the P5X: between the aerobars, on the downtube and behind the saddle. The bike comes with these mounts already in place (cages not included) so there’s no need to purchase an aftermarket hydration system, unless you want to run a more aero setup like the XLAB Torpedo Versa. The mount behind the saddle is fully adjustable, allowing the rider to customize the angle of the cage. The basebar can be mounted with the bars swooping up or down depending on whether the rider wants a more comfortable or aggressive hand position. But the real story on these bars is that they have the ability to split in half, making the bike easier to travel with, especially if you purchase the custom Biknd case (more on that later). Cervélo outfitted the P5X with disc brakes for two main reasons. First, it allowed more freedom in the frame’s design to make the bike more aerodynamic. Second, discs provide more stopping power than rim brakes. The P5X comes with TRP Hy/Rd direct mount mechanical brakes with standard mechanical levers. 160mm rotors are used on the front and rear with a 12×100 front axle and 12×142 rear. In addition to partnering with ENVE for the front end of the bike, Cervélo forged a relationship with HED Cycling to produce the frame. The Minnesota-based company has long been known for its carbon expertise, but the P5X is the first frame HED has ever brought to market. Look closely at the bike and you’ll see a beautifully finished unidirectional carbon frame free of imperfections. In the wind tunnel, the P5X tested faster than the P5 at every yaw angle except +15 degrees. The P5X was also faster than every other bike Cervélo tested, which included some of the most popular models on the market. Testing was done at the San Diego Wind Tunnel, where Cervélo engineers spent an estimated 180 hours. The P5X will be offered in four sizes: SM, MD, LG and XL. Each size has a wide fit range thanks to the massive amount of adjustability offered by the sliding post on the aerobars. Cervélo developed a sizing tool on its microsite to help consumers determine their size based on fit coordinates. Whether you like to ride long and low or short and high, there’s a good chance the P5X can accommodate you. Please enable JS and disable any ad blocker We don’t flood you with panic-inducing headlines or race to be first We focus on being useful to you — breaking down the news in ways that inform We rely on readers like you to fund our journalism Will you support our work and become a Vox Member today by Susannah Locke The idea is to help these people have a more normal ability to form new memories as well as access earlier ones This sounds like crazy-town science fiction, but the project, known as Restoring Active Memory (RAM) And there’s some serious research backing it up The Pentagon is interested in memory impairment because it's a frequent problem for service members with traumatic brain injuries, making it more difficult for them to live a normal, independent life. So the Department of Defense's research arm, DARPA is funding technologies that might be able to restore people's abilities to remember things Most of the support is for groups centered at the University of Pennsylvania and UCLA About 1.7 million americans have traumatic brain injury a year But the program could also end up helping other people, too. About 1.7 million US civilians are affected by traumatic brain injury each year, from things like car accidents and sports. And it's possible that memory implants could one day aid people with Alzheimer's, which affects up to 5 million people in the US Beyond that, the project is part of a larger, worldwide effort to fully map the human brain. Specifically, this research is part of DARPA’s support of Obama’s billion-dollar BRAIN initiative to help chart the locations of all the brain’s neurons Of course, it’s possible that the Pentagon has other interests in memory chips. Is DARPA hoping someday to make super soldiers with superhuman memory? Maybe. You never know. But the agency hasn’t said anything publicly about that — they say that the research is aimed at people with memory problems Illustration of an actual deep-brain stimulation device currently on the market Researchers have already created working brain implants to help people do other things. Cochlear implants, for instance, have allowed some 300,000 people to hear. The US government has also approved implants to treat Parkinson’s disease and a movement disorder called dystonia (Medtronic’s deep-brain stimulation system has been implanted in some 110,000 people.) The groups that are part of DARPA’s RAM project have already shown that implants are at least conceivable. For example, in 2012 the UCLA group published a paper in the New England Journal of Medicine showing that stimulating the brain’s entorhinal cortex as people learned a spatial route let them remember it better The first phase of the research will involve people who already have some sort of electrical implants in their brains patients with epilepsy and Parkinson’s sometimes have electrodes implanted to reduce their symptoms And both sometimes have problems with memory So the researchers involved in this project will use patients with these existing implants to record neuron activity during memory tasks That will help them figure out what kinds of signals are involved in making and recalling memories The researchers will also collaborate with engineers — including a group at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory — to make devices that can stimulate the brain in order to boost memories. They’ll then test these devices in people with traumatic brain injuries. DARPA says that the project will also involve some research with animals. These things do take time. Both the UPenn and UCLA teams claim that they plan to have actual implants that could be used on actual people within four years. However, as is often the case with science, whether they’ll reach that goal is questionable. That said, DARPA isn’t just throwing $40 million at the scientists without any strings attached. The researchers have certain agreed-upon goals that they have to meet at various time points along the way. And if they don’t meet them, it’s possible that their funding will be reduced. new IMPLANTS COULD BE TESTED ON PEOPLE WITHIN FOUR YEARS And if everything goes well? If these teams are successful, getting an implant on the market would probably take at least several more years of tests to make sure that it’s both safe and effective. If the device is brand new, it will have to go through the regular FDA approval process of clinical trials. Understand the world with a daily explainer plus the most compelling stories of the day, compiled by news editor Sean Collins. Kennedy is targeting our best defense against the dentist. Are repressed memories for real? The Tell thinks so. Dementia has long resisted treatment. But one answer could be surprisingly simple. Digital dependence is reshaping our brains. But we can fight it. DOGE, please go to sleep. For your health. What began as a university project kick-started the aero road bike market and Cervélo is still trying to make riders quicker 25 years on “studying” is probably a more accurate way to describe what they were doing,’ says Sean McDermott ‘Gérard was making a carbon frame as an engineering project at McGill University in Canada a fellow student engineer who shared his interest in bikes but thought like engineers using data to inform design rather than constraining themselves to what bikes were generally supposed to look like at the time.’ Evidence of this analytical approach is displayed in the brand’s name the pair recognised they had an opportunity to disrupt a market that was still wedded to the status quo of round-tubed steel bikes The acid-green paint scheme of the bike serves only to highlight its radical design which had 1x gearing and eschewed a traditional bike frame’s double-triangle construction completely bearing an unsurprising resemblance to Cervélo’s radical P5X time-trial bike ‘It disrupted the industry too much,’ says Scott Roy ‘The pair took the idea to all of the traditional framebuilders in Italy proposing it to them as the future of bike design With the benefit of hindsight we now know they were totally right but back then the Italians just carried on sipping their espressos and told Gérard and Phil to bugger off.’ the pair decided to build the bike themselves Before Vroomen and White’s rationale could be validated by results the UCI introduced strict rules regarding frame design making the Baracchi probably one of the most famous race bikes never to be ridden professionally ‘It did cement in Phil and Gérard’s minds the approach Cervélo should take ‘So they started making aluminium frames with airfoil shapes.’ Before long they produced the Eyre road bike a UCI-legal spiritual successor to the Baracchi justifying the efficacy of the ideas that went into Cervélo’s bold first bike Wind-tunnel testing and computational fluid dynamics – design tools that are now standard in any contemporary road bike design – were still in their infancy at this point viewed as obscure and unnecessary by most brands White and Vroomen’s obsession with them set the tone for the future direction of all Cervélo’s bikes Those weren’t the only working practices that set Cervélo apart ‘We were in these offices with high walls but no ceilings so they’d just yell at each other about what was going on identifying where the bikes could be better and he was adamant we wouldn’t release a design until the original goals had been reached It was very different to the regimented developmental cycle of other brands.’ a road bike with a frame more reminiscent of a then-TT bike That design essentially created the aero road genre ‘The year after we became the supplier to the pro team CSC who were ranked 14th in the world at the time,’ says McDermott ‘Cervélo was easily the smallest and youngest bike company to ever supply a team at that level.’ becoming the top team in the world for three of the six years they were aboard Cervélos Fabian Cancellara reigned supreme in the spring Classics and in 2008 Carlos Sastre won the Tour de France aboard Cervélo’s SLC-SL and R3-SL bikes ‘The trajectory of the brand accelerated steeply from then in 2009 to continue the development,’ says McDermott When Carlos won the Tour we’d all gone to the local pub to watch the final TT but having a team the following year honestly felt like we were part of everything Riders would come to visit and we’d tell them about the bikes and other cool stuff we were doing It was very good for morale and product development A massive challenge for the business overall but anyone who was here at that time would look back on it as a happy time I’m sure.’ While McDermott dismisses the suggestion that those good times came to an end they certainly changed form considerably in the early 2010s Global expansion put strain on every facet of the brand Cervélo TestTeam morphed into Garmin-Cervélo a Dutch company involved with several other bike brands such as Raleigh White was Pon’s chief innovation officer until 2017 McDermott says the departure of both founding members was felt keenly ‘Gérard’s was a very slow transition out – he remained as a consultant and visited frequently Then when Phil left he tasked us with upholding Cervélo’s original tenets so those principles were hardwired into them anyway but we had to develop a structure to work together more as a team We became more professional and ended up in a stronger position.’ Cervélo has always used rider feedback as part of its engineering process some pro riders are more forthcoming than others ‘Mark Cavendish was an arsehole,’ says Roy The British sprinter rode Cervélo bikes at Team Dimension Data from 2016 to 2019 He’d objectively analyse everything he used The input he gave us is how we ended up with the stiffness-to-weight ratio of our current S5 and in no uncertain terms told us it was the worst bike he’d ridden for stiffness.’ Cavendish could drill down into exactly what was happening and when “When I came out of this corner and did that in much the same way he can describe the final few kilometres of every sprint he’s ever been in Another rider who helped shape the design of Cervélo bikes was American time-triallist Dave Zabriskie ‘He really subscribed to what we were trying to achieve He has DNA in literally every bike we make because we scanned his body in 2007 and made a life-sized model of it which we’ve put on top of every bike we’ve wind-tunnel tested since So basically every bike we’ve made for the last 13 years has been completely optimised for Dave Zabriskie.’ ‘The maturity of road cycling means it’s getting harder from an engineering side to make the gains we were able to 10 years ago in aero Plus many other brands have caught up to our level in the areas we pioneered because everyone has access to the same technology.’ has been to widen the remit of the bikes: ‘In our S5 we’ve taken a more holistic approach to what an aero bike is making it more well-rounded as well as fast We’re really trying to understand how a frame reacts to a rider That’s where we now get the performance benefit Fostering a sense of confidence and enjoyment in a race bike through design is more powerful than just pumping out “faster” frames We haven’t lost Phil’s “engineering-first” approach but we’re broadening our understanding of what needs to be engineered.’ The same scenario is being played out in other sectors and gains between brands are marginal,’ she adds ‘It’s just the right way to make that type of bike.’ ‘Consumers have allowed the change of lightweight road bikes to happen,’ says Benson ‘They’ve become better educated and bought into the shift because they understand that faster tube shapes and disc brakes are an overall gain in a bike traditionally designed to be lightweight.’ Cervélo states that every bike it has ever made is fit to be raced at pro level the brand’s first bike that isn’t tarmac-oriented ‘The gravel category is so broad,’ says Benson ‘We noticed most designs lean towards the adventure side with an upright position and mounts for bags and that customer doesn’t really fit with the ethos of the bike we design We also noticed there aren’t really many bikes out there meant for a competitive style of gravel riding even though a lot of these events are highly competitive Naturally we jumped into the market there.’ Could the company have a similarly disruptive effect in the gravel market as it has done in road bikes for all these years ‘We had a big head start in this space,’ says Maria Benson ‘But today all major brands have figured out a way to make something fast ride quality and usability were just as polished as aerodynamics.’ The S5’s V-stem and external steerer are key features in that regard They add stiffness to the front end and make cable routing simpler They also improve aerodynamics of course – this S5 is a claimed 5.5 watts faster than the old one.  Cervélo’s R-series has been winning pro races since 2003 This latest R5 Disc is the raciest version yet with a longer and lower geometry than previous models The brand says frame stiffness is higher too thanks to Cervélo’s famous ‘Squoval Max’ tube shaping Benson says the tubes blend a mostly square profile with oval corners and curved sides which generates a good balance between stiffness and aerodynamics at a light weight the disc frame weight is even lighter than its rim brake counterpart – a claimed 831g versus 850g.  The Áspero is Cervélo’s first move into the gravel sector and is one of the first gravel bikes built for racing rather than adventuring What that means is an expansive tyre clearance – up to 42mm – but a lightweight frameset with no mounts for luggage or mudguards It changes the bike’s fork offset by 5mm depending on its orientation to keep handling consistent whatever tyre/wheel size combination is used You must be logged in to post a comment To 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