prove that this ancient form of housing has a future Too many automated requests from this network Emilio Muñoz Guadix's crimes sent shockwaves through Spain and the rest of the world is shocking viewers with its narration of the abduction of Anabel Segura and subsequent hostage negotiaions - it's also left viewers asking about the whereabouts of Emilio Muñoz Guadix 1993 when she disappeared from La Moraleja in Madrid Anabel had been kidnapped by Emilio Muñoz Guadix and his friend hoping the university student would be rescued Guadix issued a number of ransom requests in exchange for Anabel during that time Emilio Muñoz Guadix was was released from prison on 27 November 2013 and hasn't been heard about since - his current whereabouts remain unknown He and Ortiz Aon were both sentenced to 39 years in prison and this was later increased to 43 years by the Supreme Court His early release didn't come as part of a parole hearing a legal ruling to determine how sentences were calculated in relation to serious crime A later ruling by the European Court of Human Rights affected the way this was applied allowing Muñoz Guadix to be released after serving just 18 years of his sentence On his release from prison and one of the last times he was seen Muñoz Guadix was interviewed and says I have paid my sentence," adding "I made a serious mistake that I have accepted from the first moment."  Candido ‘Candi’ Ortiz Aon didn't get to see any freedom Sign up to our free daily email for the latest royal and entertainment news expert advice on styling and beauty trends and no-nonsense guides to the health and wellness questions you want answered Emilio Muñoz Guadix and his accomplice snatched Anabel from the street while she was out running She was seemingly held by her kidnappers for 900 days in which time they repeatedly asked for money in exchange for her release.  Anabel's parents attempted to find funds to meet to monetary demands and Spanish authorities offered a reward in exchange for her safe return they released recordings of Anabel's voice but these were found to have been faked - they were actually made by Muñoz Guadix’s wife who was sentenced to six months in prison for her part in the cover up One of the recordings said "I want to be home with you.. This is what you have to do to end this quickly Anabel's remains were recovered from an abandoned warehouse near Toledo She'd actually been murdered within six hours of being kidnapped and the kidnappers offered her family hope for such a long time that she might've been returned to them alive "900 Days Without Anabel" is about the kidnapping of Anabel Segura a 22-year-old Spanish student abducted from Madrid in 1993 Segura was kidnapped by Emilio Muñoz Guadix and Candido Ortiz Aon on the morning of April 12 The pair forced Segura into a white van before driving her to an old factory in Toledo In 2013, Muñoz Guadix told news outlet laSexta that they killed Segura six hours later as she tried to escape Muñoz Guadix and Ortiz Aon pretended Segura was alive for over two years in an attempt to extort money from her wealthy family The pair of kidnappers called the family 14 times between April 1993 and September 1995 to demand up to $950,000 in ransom money The Netflix docuseries includes the recordings of these phone calls who identified Ortiz Aon's voice from the recording Muñoz Guadix and Ortiz Aon told the authorities where they buried Segura Spanish outlet La Vanguardia reported that the pair were both convicted of kidnapping and murder They were sentenced to 39 years in prison in 1999 which Spain's supreme court then increased to 43 years Ortiz Aon served the first 10 years of his sentence in the Ocaña prison in Toledo The outlet reported that on leaving prison Muñoz Guadix told the press that he was not a danger to the public Muñoz Guadix said his motive was "purely economic." I would give ten years of my life so that this would not have happened." Published: Invalid Date ANABEL Segura’s disappearance is the longest reported kidnapping case in Spain's history The case is featured in the Netflix true crime docuseries 900 Days Without Anabel Segura On April 12, 1993, 22-year-old Anabel Segura went for a jog in her quiet neighbourhood of La Moraleja — a suburb of Madrid, Spain What began as a routine morning exercise turned into one of Spain's most notorious criminal cases Anabel was abducted during her morning run sparking an extensive search and investigation Emilio Muñoz Guadix and Candido Ortiz Aon forced her into their van at knifepoint Spanish authorities launched a massive manhunt to locate Anabel, as well as a prolonged investigation to apprehend her kidnappers. The kidnappers made contact with Anabel's family, initiating a tense period of negotiations that would last an agonizing 900 days. Despite the manhunt, investigation and negotiations, Anabel Segura did not survive her ordeal. which became known as the longest kidnapping in Spanish history Anabel was killed just six hours after her disappearance although her kidnappers continued to demand ransom for years afterward The kidnappers made 14 calls between 1993 and 1995 reportedly demanding up to 150 million pesetas (€900,000) from Anabel's family Her parents even mortgaged their home to raise funds to both pay the ransom and offer a reward — the Spanish Interior Ministry also offered a reward The family received a recording the kidnapper claimed to be of Anabel's voice Anabel's parents are not dominated by hate but they want the full weight of the law and justice against the kidnappers and killers of Anabel but by a female accomplice of the kidnappers — Felicia Garcia The recording said: ''I want to be home with you.. The parents had the ransom money ready within two days Anabel's body was finally discovered on September 30 1995 — 900 days after her disappearance — at an abandoned warehouse The arrests were made partly due to media involvement after police released a recording of one of the kidnapper's voices on TV leading to crucial information from the public The breakthrough in the case came when police arrested three suspects: Emilio Muñoz Guadix They were detained in a village in the Toledo province after a tip-off from a member of the public who recognized one of their voices from the TV appeal featuring the recording The suspects led police to Anabel's remains in an abandoned warehouse near Toledo who attended a busy press conference on the day of the discovery of her body said: ''Anabel's parents are not dominated by hate but they want the full weight of the law and justice against the kidnappers and killers of Anabel.'' Emilio Muñoz Guadix was one of the individuals convicted for the kidnapping and murder of Anabel Segura He was sentenced to 43 years in prison for his role in this heinous crime However, Muñoz Guadix was released from prison on November 27, 2013, following a ruling by the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) that affected the application of Spain's Parot doctrine The Parot doctrine was a 2006 Spanish legal ruling that changed how prison sentences were calculated for serious offenders It applied sentence reductions to each individual crime rather than the overall sentence This controversial practice was later deemed a human rights violation and abandoned in 2013 — leading to Muñoz Guadix's release Upon his release from the Herrera de La Mancha penitentiary Muñoz Guadix expressed remorse for his actions stating that he was sorry for the crimes he committed and claiming that he no longer posed a threat to society along with that of other convicted criminals sparked significant debate and controversy in Spain regarding sentencing practices and public safety The release of Muñoz Guadix was not due to a reevaluation of his crimes but rather a legal technicality related to how sentence reductions were applied under Spanish law The ECHR ruling forced Spain's judiciary to repeal the Parot doctrine which had previously allowed for longer effective sentences The current whereabouts of Muñoz Guadix is not publicly known His last reported location was in 2013 when he was released from prison Netflix is set to release a groundbreaking documentary series titled 900 Days Without Anabel This series promises to offer an unprecedented look into the Anabel Segura case featuring never-before-heard recordings of negotiations between the police and the kidnappers It also includes re-enactments and testimonies from Anabel's relatives The three-part doc drops on Netflix on November 22 Our journalists strive for accuracy but on occasion we make mistakes. For further details of our complaints policy and to make a complaint please click this link: thesun.co.uk/editorial-complaints/ THE lives of José Segura Nájera and Sigrid Foles were torn apart when their 22-year-old daughter Anabel Segura disappeared in 1993 The tragic kidnapping and murder of the Spanish student is examined in Netflix docuseries 900 Days Without Anabel José Segura Nájera was a Spanish businessman who worked in the petrochemical industry He started a business in Germany before returning to Spain with his family José played a crucial role in the efforts to find his daughter Anabel after her disappearance He went to extraordinary lengths to secure her safe return including remortgaging his home and offering substantial rewards for information Of German origin, she moved to Spain with her husband José after he established his business in her homeland. Anabel was Sigrid and José's eldest daughter. On April 12, 1993, Anabel, a business student at ICADE university, was kidnapped while jogging in the affluent neighbourhood of La Moraleja, Madrid She was abducted by Emilio Muñoz Guadix and Candido Ortiz Aon who forced her into a white van at knifepoint Anabel was taken to an abandoned factory in Toledo where she was tragically murdered within six hours of her kidnapping Her kidnappers continued to demand ransom for years afterward reportedly demanding up to 150million pesetas (€900,000) Throughout the 900-day kidnapping investigation José and Sigrid never gave up hope of finding their daughter alive The family's ordeal finally came to an end on September 28 when Muñoz Guadix and Ortiz Aon were arrested after a member of the public recognised the latter's voice from televised recordings of the ransom calls The kidnappers confessed to the crime and revealed the location of Anabel's body about 40 miles south of Madrid — allowing her family to finally hold a funeral for their daughter the bereft couple stayed out of the public glare in the aftermath of the gruesome discovery and there are no reports of where they are or what they're up to now Ortiz Aon and Muñoz Guadix were sentenced to 43 years in prison each for their roles in the kidnapping and murder by the Spanish Supreme Court Ortiz Aon died in prison at the age of 48 following a ruling by the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) that affected the application of Spain's Parot doctrine Muñoz Guadix was released from prison on November 27 The Parot doctrine was a 2006 Spanish legal ruling that changed how prison sentences were determined for serious offenders It effectively extending prison terms by applying reductions to each individual crime rather than the overall sentence Muñoz Guadix was released after this controversial practice was deemed a human rights violation and abandoned in 2013 Netflix has released a groundbreaking documentary series titled 900 Days Without Anabel The series provides an unprecedented look into the Anabel Segura case as well as re-enactments of the tragic events The three-part doc dropped on Netflix on November 22 Gerardo picks up some dried flowers from graves in Guadix in Granada province He does it carefully and faithfully in the midst of a sepulchral silence he continues his walk through the cemetery His main mission is to watch over the maintenance and care of the place a task that Friar Hermenegildo has been carrying out for 58 years and that Gerardo has been doing for just few days Two other newcomers are also in training to become guardians of the cemetery Just a week has gone by since Gerardo took his vows as a friar He says that he is still trying to get used to it and that last Wednesday marked "I received the call of God," he says of his arrival at the order that has been in the town for 72 years He remains serious and his gaze is fixed as he explains how faith has always guided his life It led him to take temporary vows at the age of 50 with the aim of renewing them permanently in three years' time removing dried flowers and sweeping at the cemetery as well as preparing the area where someone is to be buried "Our faith is the first thing that a family member perceives in such a delicate moment," says Friar Hermengildo The Fossores brothers live in a building next to the cemetery They begin their day at 7am sharp to be ready to gather in the chapel and begin the prayers they hold a daily Eucharist in the chapel on the premises Then they are ready to do the work at the cemetery During the morning they are told if there will be a burial in the afternoon they prepare the area where the person is to be buried This is how his life goes on day after day They share the household chores between them The only time they leave their chapter house is for medical appointments and other occasional religious acts Friar Hermenegildo explains the importance of assessing the newcomers to make sure they are prepared for this way of life "The main thing to know is what they are going to commit themselves to," he says They are the people who prepare the men who want to become Fossores Brothers The preparation does not involve academic training but reflection and thinking about what they are committing to They don't quite know where their vocation comes from I don't say it myself," says the Fossor brother they say their experiences that led them to Guadix are similar They found out about this order on the internet and its history and unusual dedication caught their attention The order was founded in Guadix in 1953 and although it later spread to Jerez de la Frontera today it only remains in Logroño and the town of Accitana They are happy to maintain their presence in the town but say "Only God knows our future," before setting off on their walk through the cemetery Comentar es una ventaja exclusiva para registrados FELISA Garcia is the wife of convicted kidnapper and murderer Emilio Muñoz Guadix She played a crucial role in the plot to extort the family of Anabel Segura despite the fact the missing 22-year-old was already dead Anabel Segura was kidnapped during her morning run in La Moraleja Emilio Muñoz Guadix and Candido 'Candi' Ortiz Aon forced her into their van at knifepoint In Netflix's 900 Days Without Anabel, police investigator Juan J.B says: “Where the van had been parked, a Walkman, a white T-shirt, and a young woman’s sweater were found.” The case quickly gained national attention, with Spanish authorities launching a massive manhunt to locate Anabel, as well as a prolonged investigation to apprehend her kidnappers. The only eyewitness was a local school gardener who didn't catch the license plate. Without any solid leads, the case started out as a dead end. That is until kidnappers made contact with Anabel's family, initiating a tense period of negotiations that would last an agonizing 900 days. The longest kidnapping in Spanish history came to a heartbreaking conclusion. Felisa Garcia participated in a sinister scheme orchestrated by her husband Muñoz Guadix She agreed to impersonate Anabel in an audio recording that was sent to the victim's family Garia claimed she was "OK" and pleaded to be brought home safely If the demands aren’t met she will be executed The recording also contained a chilling threat: “If all our demands aren’t met in the delivery of the ransom if the demands aren’t met she will be executed.” While the family clung to the hope that Anabel was still alive her father José Segura Nájera wasn’t convinced Head of the national police’s kidnapping group immediately said: ‘That’s not Anabel'.’” the deception allowed the kidnappers to continue their attempts to extort money from the family the kidnappers made 14 calls and reportedly demanded up to 150 million pesetas ($2 million) from Anabel's family To raise funds for the ransom and offer a reward of their own for information leading to Anabel's safe return The Spanish Interior Ministry offered a reward as well Anabel's parents had the ransom money ready within two days Police released the kidnapper’s voice to the media in November 1993 By the second anniversary of her kidnapping in April 1995 A tearful Jose said in a plea on TV: "I am willing to do whatever it takes to bring Anabel back to us and my family feels the same way The breakthrough eventually came when of the callers — a resident in Toledo — told cops: "That is Candi's voice Muñoz Guadix and Ortiz Aon led police to Anabel's remains in an abandoned warehouse near Toledo Their daughter's body was finally discovered on September 30 On the day of the discovery of Anabel's remains the Segura family lawyer said at a press conference: ''Anabel's parents are not dominated by hate but they want the full weight of the law and justice against the kidnappers and killers of Anabel.'' When the truth finally came to light in 1995 Garcia faced legal consequences for her role in the crime She was charged with covering up the kidnapping and impersonating Anabel on the tape Garcia was sentenced to six months in prison for her part in the deception For their roles in the kidnapping and murder the Spanish Supreme Court gave Ortiz Aon and Muñoz Guadix to 43 years in prison each  But Muñoz Guadix was released on November 27 following a ruling by the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) that affected the application of Spain's Parot doctrine This controversial practice was later deemed a human rights violation and abandoned in 2013 — which led to Muñoz Guadix's release Directed and co-written by Mónica Palomero 900 Days Without Anabel features never-before-heard tapes recorded by the police when they tried to negotiate for Anabel’s release The docuseries also focuses on the devastating impact that Anabel’s kidnapping had on her family 900 Days Without Anabel dropped on Netflix on November 22 Metrics details Despite the paleontological relevance of the terrestrial Early Pleistocene Venta Micena bonebed (Baza Basin it lacks a comprehensive geochemical/sedimentological study we demonstrate that the 1.5-m-thick Venta Micena limestone formed in a relatively small freshwater wetland/pond located at the periphery of the large saline Baza paleolake with high and low contents of invertebrate fossils and which originated in the centre and margin of the wetland X-ray diffraction (XRD) mineralogy and paleohydrological characterization based on ostracod and bulk-rock geochemistry (δ13C and δ18O) indicate that the limestone reflects a general lowstand of the Baza lake permitting the differentiation of freshwater wetlands that were fed by adjacent sources the Baza lake flooded the Venta Micena area and the freshwater fauna was replaced by a saline one Bulk-rock isotopic data indicate that the lower interval C1 of the limestone (bone-rich in marginal settings) displays general negative values while the upper interval C2 (bone free) displays less negative values The bones of predated mammals accumulated in the marginal areas which were flooded and buried by recurring water-table fluctuations Lake dynamics played a critical role in bone accumulation which was previously considered as representing a hyena den (f,g) Upper interval C1 and C2 in section VM3 displaying subtle stratification and lamination within C2 (h,i) Bone accumulation at site VM-3 in lateral and plane vertical view respectively (as displayed at Orce Museum) Photographs (a–d) were taken by the authors in 2017 we report an integrated geochemical and sedimentological study on VM limestone to characterize the paleoenvironmental conditions linked to the bone accumulation processes Unit A (4 m thick) contains dolomitic marls and micritic dolostones locally interbedded with gravel Root bioturbation is common and sandy levels display large-scale cross-stratification and ripple cross-lamination This unit records a period of important subaerial exposure based on (a) a relatively poor content of invertebrates since most of them have been dissolved by weathering (some moulds are visible) and (b) the presence of pedogenic features indicating that they accumulated during a subaerial exposure phase that was followed by micritic mud deposition Unit D (7 m) contains muddy limestones interbedded with sandy marls, dolostones and marly dolostones (Fig. 3c) Some levels in this unit are reddish and brownish and show traces of root bioturbation Unit E (7.5 m) is a succession of calcareous-dolomitic marls and marly-sandy dolostones that alternate with levels of sands and gravels with cross-stratification XRD results from composite VM4 and VM1 sections. (a) Percentages for calcite, quartz, albite, microcline and gypsum. (b) Percentages for palygorskite, clinochlore, hornblende, aragonite and dolomite. See values in STab. 1 The analyses performed on the samples examined in this work (see applied methods in the Supplementary Information) yielded the following results (see Figs VM limestone (C1 and C2) is very rich in low-Mg calcite with values being between 70% and almost 100% Interval C0 and unit D are richer in quartz and other clastics compared to C1 and C2 The mineralogical content also indicates that the contact between these clastic-rich spans (interval C0 and unit D) and VM limestone is transitional These represent products of mineral alteration or external contributions XRD performed on section VM1 also demonstrated an increase in the calcite content from the base to the top The highest contents of calcite in the equivalent levels of the carbonate of section VM1 stand out (MV 17–010 = 90.7%) in contrast to section VM4 (VM 17–230 = 64.4%) Four samples from VM3 yielded similar results and demonstrated a mineral assemblage dominated by low-Mg calcite (between 92.5% and 97.9% for C1 samples; 77.6% for the C2 sample) along with quartz (2–17%) and minor amounts of dolomite (0.1–5%) and clay minerals (0.7–8.8%) Petrography and SEM of the Venta Micena limestone. (a) Thin section of the lower subtly indurated level in the C1 interval in section VM4 (Fig. 3d,e). (b) Thin section of the subtly indurated level in Fig. 3b (C1 interval in section VM4) Both (a,b) show porosity likely to result from biogenic activity with abundant biogenic carbonates such as ostracods (intervals C1 and C2 (e,f) SEM images from section VM4 (interval C1) showing its general absence of invertebrates (f) except for rare microsparitized shells (an example of an ostracod test in e) (g,h) SEM images from the stratigraphic height 0.9 m in section VM3 (interval C1) with well-crystallized calcite scalenohedra (g) and the limestone interval between indurated levels 1 and 2 in section VM3 (h) corresponding to a barely lithified limestone) Well-developed crystals are far more abundant than in invertebrate-rich microfacies Porosity is more evident in subtly indurated levels (as also seen in thin sections) which display initial crystallization of secondary calcite in the pore spaces as cement (a) Bulk-rock oxygen and carbon curves from sections VM3 and VM4. (b) Stable isotope cross-plots for sections VM3 and VM4. See values in STab. 3. The δ13C value is an approximation to the isotopic composition of the dissolved inorganic carbon in the water The δ13C signal in each individual is directly related to the fractionation of each species Cyprideis torosa yielded values ranging between -5.51‰ and -3.93‰ for δ13C and between -1.55‰ and + 1.28‰ for δ18O unit C yielded more negative isotope values compared to those of unit B indicating that they formed in saline waters Samples from three beds at the top of this interval display C torosa shells with δ13C from − 6.41‰ to − 3.42‰ and δ18O from − 1.66 to 0.13‰ (P These features suggest that these levels formed in saline and isotopically more concentrated waters for δ18O Section VM4 displayed δ13C bulk-rock isotope values (n = 27) ranging from − 7.67‰ to − 6.11‰, while δ18O values ranged from − 6.56‰ to − 5.01‰. Regression analysis of all the samples (Fig. 6b) did not reveal any significant correlation (r = 0.25) considering only the lower C1 interval of the VM limestone (samples VM17-235 to VM17-145 N the values displayed no correlation (r = 0.14) although the variation in δ13C and δ18O is very low (around 1‰) The upper interval of the section (C2) (from samples VM17-140 N to VM17-80 A general comparison between intervals C1 and C2 permitted the recognition of partial covariance in C1 (at least for some spans) whilst only one level stood out with more depleted values (110 cm) The δ18O values of carbonates from section VM3 were relatively invariant with values ranging from − 5.99‰ (40 cm) to − 4.40‰ (180 cm) and a total range of 1.6‰ The average section VM3 values for δ13C and δ18O were only weakly correlated (r = 0.48) when the δ13C and δ18O values of the carbonates were submitted to cluster analysis (Supplementary notes S-3) the two resulting zones defined between 0–130 cm and 140–220 cm displayed very low to low correlations (r = 0.25 The bulk-rock samples from section VM1 (n = 4) displayed δ13C values ranging from − 5.95‰ to − 4.15‰ δ18O values ranged from − 7.72‰ to − 6.10‰ Cluster analysis provides an independent criterion to split C1 from C2 (which is consistent with bone occurrence) A significant feature of the isotopic data is that considering the overall C1 samples from VM3 and VM4 (n = 35) a weak correlation between δ13C and δ18O is observed and a significant correlation for C2 is attained (r = 0.73 The generally more negative δ13C and δ18O values of C1 in sections VM3 and VM4 coincide with the layers of subtly indurated levels and bones together with the SEM images illustrating a strong component of secondary calcite suggests that sediments emerged and underwent attendant dissolution and reprecipitation of calcite carbonates partly reflect the isotopic compositions of the secondary such features are less developed (fewer bones and less subtly indurated levels) C2 sediments have inherited more of their isotopic composition from the parental lacustrine carbonates represents a freshwater wetland/pond where carbonate deposition took place The carbonate deposits (VM limestone) in the other sections of VM area represent deposits that experienced successive subaerial exposures and pedogenesis The overlying sediments of units D and E record a new saline lake phase and isotopically concentrated waters as recorded by fossils and the isotopic features during the sedimentation of VM limestone: (1) there was hardly any clastic input (2) sedimentation occurred during a freshwater interval separated by two more saline ones as evidenced by ostracod paleoecology and the isotope signal (3) this freshwater period had to take place during a lowstand when the peripheric VM source was disconnected from the main saline Baza lake high rainfall would correspond to higher salinities in the VM area (a saline lake would concentrate freshwater inputs due to the lake highstand) the saline lake would not interfere with freshwater inputs Regarding the conditions and isotope data of C1 (the interval concentrating bones) it is observed that (1) the central microfacies of VM1 contain no bones while marginal (dominant) microfacies are isotopically more diluted and (2) the shifts and partial oxygen covariance in C1 indicate that lake bones accumulated in short-lived intervals with closed hydrological conditions Lithostratigraphical correlation of micromammal sites and biostratigraphy of the Upper Pliocene to Lower Pleistocene in the Northeast Guadix-Baza Basin (southern Spain) Villafranchian: The long story of a Plio-Pleistocene European large mammal biochronologic unit Early to Middle Pleistocene rodent biostratigraphy of the Guadix-Baza Basin (SE Spain) Magnetostratigraphic characterization of a thick Lower Pleistocene lacustrine sequence from the Baza Basin (Betic Chain Calibration of the Early-Middle Pleistocene transition in the continental beds of the Guadix-Baza Basin (SE Spain) Early human occupation of western Europe: Paleomagnetic dates for two paleolithic sites in Spain en el yacimiento del Pleistoceno inferior de Venta Micena (Orce Analysis and Paleobiological Significance (The University of Chicago Press Taphonomic decoding of the paleobiological information locked in a lower Pleistocene assemblage of large mammals Análisis Tafonómico y paleoecológico de la fauna de grandes mamíferos conservada en los yacimientos del sector Orce-Venta Micena (Cuenca de Guadix-Baza) y su interés con vistas a establecer el contexto faunístico de la primera dispersión humana a Europa y Medio la cuenca Guadix-Baza 341–389 (2010) Análisis y modelización del contexto sedimentario y los atributos tafonómicos de los yacimientos pleistocénicos del borde nororiental de la cuenca de Guadix-Baza Análisis tafonómico preliminar del Corte IV del yacimiento de Venta Micena (Orce Història i Història l’Art (Master Thesis) (2016) Taphonomic and spatial analyses from the Early Pleistocene site of Venta Micena 4 (Orce Contribución a la paleolimnología del Pleistoceno inferior de la cuenca de Baza (sector Orce-Venta Micena) Estudio tafonómico de los metapodos de caballo in Presencia Humana en el Pleistoceno Inferior de Granada y Murcia (ed J.) 115–132 (Museo de Prehistoria Josep Gibert (Ayuntamiento de Orce Tafonomía y paleoecología del yacimiento de Venta Micena in Los restos humanos de Orce y Cueva Victoria On the late Miocene closure of the Mediterranean-Atlantic gateway through the Guadix Basin (Southern Spain) Long-term control mechanisms of stream piracy processes in southeast Spain Geochronological position of badlands and geomorphological patterns in the Guadix-Baza basin (SE Spain) Estratigrafía y sedimentología del relleno aluvial de la Cuenca de Guadix (Cordilleras Béticas) Estudio estratigráfico de la Depresión de Guadix-Baza Geología y estratigrafia de los materiales plio-pleistocenos del sector Orce-Venta Micena (Prov Paleoenvironmental evolution of the early pleistocene lacustrine sequence at barranco león archeological site (Orce Southern Spain) from stable isotopes and Sr and Mg chemistry of ostracod shells The Pleistocene Lake deposits of the NE Baza basin (Spain): Salinity variations and ostracod succession Hydrochemistry from Sr and Mg contents of ostracodes in Pleistocene lacustrine deposits Roedores y lagomorfos (Mammalia) del Pleistoceno inferior de Venta Micena (Guadix–Baza The geochemistry of biogenic carbonates as a paleoenvironmental tool for the Lower Pleistocene Barranco León sequence (BL-5D Geochemical and Palaeoecological Analises of Mid Pleistocene to Holocene Ostracod Assemblages from Valle di Castiglione (Italy) Palaeoenvironmental and Palaeoclimatic Assessment Reconstrucción de condiciones ambientales a partir de geoquímica de conchas de moluscos y ostrácodos in Técnicas y aplicaciones multidisciplinares de los isótopos ambientales (ed Holocene environmental changes of Lake Geneva (Lac Léman) from stable isotopes (δ13C δ18O) and trace element records of ostracod and gastropod carbonates Inter-and intra-specific variability in δ13C and δ18O values of freshwater gastropod shells from Lake Lednica A review of the palaeohydrological interpretation of carbon and oxygen isotopic ratios in primary lacustrine carbonates Assessing pedogenic calcite stable-isotope values: Can positive linear covariant trends be used to quantify palaeo-evaporation rates? Climatic control on palaeohydrology and cyclical sediment distribution in the Plio-Quaternary deposits of the Guadix Basin (Betic Cordillera Geology and chronology of the continental Pleistocene archeological and paleontological sites of the Orce area (Baza basin Hydrothermal activity and its paleoecological implications in the latest Miocene to Middle Pleistocene lacustrine environments of the Baza Basin (Betic Cordillera No sedimentary evidence for hydrothermal refugia in the Plio-Pleistocene deposits of the Baza Basin (SE Spain) Download references who cooperated with sedimentology and was co-advisor for the master’s thesis of A.G together with the associated permission to conduct the field study was provided by the ‘General Research Project of the Junta de Andalucía First human occupations and paleoecological context from the Plio-Pleistocene deposits of the Guadix-Baza basin Archaeological zone of the Orce basin (Granada Servicio General de Análisis de Isótopos Estables (Nucleus Salamanca University) is acknowledged for the quick delivery of isotopic data is acknowledged for technical support with the XRD measurements is a member of the 2017SGR-1666 research group Melim and an anonymous reviewer for their constructive and detailed review of this manuscript Helsinki Language Centre) did an excellent revision of English language Department de Geologia (Unitat d’Estratigrafia) Institut de Ciències de la Terra Jaume Almera (ICTJA-CSIC) prepared the material in the framework of his master’s thesis All the authors interpreted and discussed the isotopic data and reviewed the manuscript The authors declare no competing interests Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations Download citation DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01711-7 Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: a shareable link is not currently available for this article Sign up for the Nature Briefing: Anthropocene newsletter — what matters in anthropocene research ANABEL Segura’s 900-day disappearance is Spain's longest reported kidnapping case Candido "Candi" Ortiz Aon was one of the two main perpetrators involved in the kidnapping — here's what we know about him Along with his associate Emilio Muñoz Guadix Candido Ortiz Aon carried out the kidnapping of 22-year-old Anabel Segura on April 12 They abducted her while she was jogging in La Moraleja, an affluent area of Madrid, Spain The two men grabbed her at knifepoint and forced her into their van Anabel's kidnapping quickly gained national attention Ortiz Aon and Muñoz Guadix contacted Anabel's family and made demands. A tense period of negotiations followed, that would ultimately last an agonizing 900 days until the discovery of her body. Although her kidnappers continued to demand ransom money for years, Anabel was killed just six hours after she vanished. the kidnappers made 14 calls and reportedly demanded up to 150 million pesetas (€900,000) from Anabel's family In an effort to raise funds for the ransom and to offer a reward for information leading to Anabel's safe return The Spanish Interior Ministry also offered a reward A recording the kidnappers claimed to be of Anabel's voice was received by her family The recording was made by a female accomplice of the kidnappers called Felicia Garcia Anabels parents had the ransom money ready within two days Her body was finally discovered at an abandoned warehouse on September 30 1995 — the case became known as the longest kidnapping in Spanish history in part due to the involvement of the media Police released a recording of one of the kidnapper's voices on TV which led to crucial information being provided by the public A tip-off from a member of the public led police to Candido Ortiz Aon after they recognized one of their voices from the TV appeal they were detained in a village in the Toledo province The suspects led police to Anabel's remains which were discovered in an abandoned warehouse near Toledo — about 40 miles south of Madrid At a busy press conference on the day of the discovery of her body The Spanish Supreme Court sentenced Ortiz Aon and Muñoz Guadix to 43 years in prison each for their roles in the kidnapping and murder Ortiz Aon died in prison in 2009 at the age of 48 He'd served approximately 14 years of his sentence Netflix is set to release a groundbreaking docuseries called 900 Days Without Anabel It promises to offer an unprecedented look into the Anabel Segura case and features never-before-heard recordings of negotiations between the police and the kidnappers The series also includes re-enactments and testimonies from Anabel's relatives The three-part documentary series will be available on Netflix from November 22 Volume 5 - 2020 | https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2020.567421 This article is part of the Research TopicEducation Leadership and the COVID-19 CrisisView all 21 articles The COVID-19 pandemic has fundamentally altered the pre-clerkship and research experiences for medical students Although these changes impact all specialties we highlight the unique challenges faced by neurology education and discuss methods by which our institution is adapting to these changes at the epicenter of the pandemic in the U.S We include a few examples of how some neurology departments around the country have altered their teaching methods in the COVID-19 era and capitalize on lessons learned by proposing new strategies for moving neurology education forward Located in New York City at the epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S. Weill Cornell Medicine (WCM) has continuously reassessed the balance between patient care in consultation with its primary teaching hospital system WCM made the difficult but necessary decision to suspend all medical student teaching in clinical care settings creating changes for medical students at all phases of their education which previously allowed students to engage in clinical settings Clerkship students who depended on a year of complete clinical immersion could no longer participate in in-person patient encounters More senior medical students struggled with the cancellation of away electives and sub-internships along with the uncertain implications of these changes on the residency application process These COVID-19-driven changes in medical teaching have created rippling effects for neurology education The focus of the pre-clerkship curriculum is on building a strong foundational understanding of the basic sciences gathered through faculty lectures and small-group participation To foster student learning during COVID-19 the WCM neurology department offered continuing medical education (CME) courses inclusive of medical students highlighting neurodegenerative disease and basic neurosciences to maintain students' early clinical exposure to neurology traditionally obtained through in-person preceptorships and physical diagnosis sessions the WCM neurology department began including students virtually in daily Morning Report sessions a commonly used electronic medical record system and video conferencing applications allow medical students to join virtual visits; this virtual clinical experience is not only being incorporated at WCM but also at other institutions across the country These clinical electives are not only essential for students interested in neurology to explore this field, but also for students applying to other specialties. Though only 2.2% of U.S. MD seniors applied to neurology or child neurology in the 2020 Match and 2% of 2018–2019 U.S. DO students planned to apply to neurology residency (American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine, 2019; National Resident Matching Program, 2020) patients exhibiting neurological symptoms such as headache and sensory or motor deficits can be found in almost all specialties making the neurology curriculum essential to general medical student education The American Academy of Neurology (AAN) Synapse forum which is an online discussion board of the AAN has brought WCM medical students in contact with national leaders in neurology education medical students nation-wide have access to online educational meetings and workshops Two examples include the National Resident Lecture Series initiated by St Louis University and the Johns Hopkins Virtual Neurology Chats The National Resident Lecture Series allows medical students around the country to attend meetings typically reserved for residents and to obtain expert perspectives in various neurology subspecialties the Johns Hopkins Virtual Neurology Chats integrates faculty lectures and case presentations into an elective course particularly first and second-year students have also taken part in some of these educational interventions offered by other institutions uncertainty will continue to build for both students and residency directors Program directors will need to devise new means of filtering through large pools of applicants Similar methods can be used to outline concerns of neurology-minded medical students at each stage of their training to which specific interventions can be tailored Transferring clinical education to a telehealth platform poses new challenges to neurology a specialty that is highly dependent on physical interaction with the patient and the intricacies of the neurological exam Certain parts of the exam are easily translatable to the digital interface and parts of the standardized movement disorders exam such as evaluation of tremor and bradykinesia These limitations lessen the efficacy of learning the exam through a virtual format history taking skills can still be honed by having students independently take patient histories and observing them during the virtual encounter it will be essential to obtain data on the efficacy of these teaching methods through surveys and objective measures that elicit participant perspectives and educational impact we can better identify which virtual teaching strategies have been most effective potentially incorporating elements of virtual learning into the post-COVID curriculum After a forced hiatus in basic science research beginning in early March WCM laboratories began the process of re-opening in June with restrictions on personnel capacity neurology clinical research electives at WCM helped students stay current with a continually evolving body of literature during the pandemic One example is a 4-week movement disorders research elective examining attitudes of patients with Parkinson's disease toward deep brain stimulation Designed with the goal of submitting results for publication at the end of the 4-week period this elective provided a structured research experience for students to engage with and contribute to the existing neurology literature A further consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic for research-minded students is the movement of major research conferences to online platforms such as those hosted by the American Academy of Neurology and the American Neurological Association (ANA). Conference cancellations have recently been cited as a significant concern, particularly for students early in their medical training who may miss vital networking opportunities with leaders in the neurosciences (Guadix et al., 2020) A potential strategy to complement the AAN and ANA virtual conferences that provides medical students with a platform to showcase their work is encouraging medical student presentations at departmental virtual Grand Rounds Already adopted by various WCM departments this method creates natural opportunities for networking among students and faculty and for students to receive immediate feedback from faculty members over a virtual conferencing platform Clinical and research initiatives offered for students by the neurology department at Weill Cornell Medicine during COVID-19 These difficulties highlight the necessity of bringing medical student wellness to the forefront of education WCM has increased student and faculty access to virtual psychotherapy services also hosted virtual town halls to raise student and faculty awareness of psychiatry resources while providing support in coping with stress SIGN groups can implement the publication group model either intra- or inter-institutionally virtual platforms with built-in chat functions and breakout rooms mimic small-group learning and may make students who felt socially inhibited from contributing in more traditional in-person settings more comfortable virtual learning through a flipped classroom model carries unique challenges as classrooms become increasingly more virtual students and educators alike may suffer from fatigue and feel distanced from engaging with the conversations One concrete way to implement the flipped classroom model into inter-institutional SIGN meetings would be to have students present neurology concepts and work through clinical cases through student-led workshops and problem-based learning sessions The virtual medium would allow for collaboration among students from different institutions who approach problem from unique perspectives given their diverse training backgrounds At the national level, it is crucial for neurology organizations to engage in a dialogue with medical students to understand what educational interventions would be most beneficial for them at each stage of their medical education. Based on previous reports (Guadix et al., 2020) early-year students interested in the neurosciences would likely benefit from the expansion of virtual mentorship programs similar to those offered by the AAN it is less clear what initiatives would be most beneficial to more senior medical students applying for neurology residency programs medical student concerns and ideas can be gathered through nationwide surveys and focus groups to better understand how students feel their neurology education is being most impacted by COVID-19 the COVID-19 pandemic has triggered a newfound spark for innovation in neurology education It has also given medical students the space to reflect on what matters most to them providing them with more flexibility to craft their own schedules Students at large academic institutions such as WCM have had increasing opportunities to engage in teleneurology and neurology research from afar Increased inter-institution collaboration would provide students from smaller institutions a chance to experience more diverse neurological cases and subspecialties medical students can continue to pursue their interests in neurology and resume their development as future physicians during this uncertain time All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version HS has financial disclosures unrelated to this work She has received clinical trial support from Biogen and Covance pharmaceuticals as well as some research support from the Michael J The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest 1. ^InCUS: Invitational Conference on USMLE Scoring. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.usmle.org/incus/ 2. ^Announcements. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.usmle.org/announcements/?ContentId=267 Curing neurophobia in medical schools: evidence-based strategies PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar Optimizing the use of teleneurology during the COVID-19 pandemic American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine (2019) 2018–2019 Academic Year Graduating Seniors Summary Report American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine Letter: COVID-19 Impact on the medical student path to neurosurgery Teleneurology and mobile technologies: the future of neurological care PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar Letter: preliminary national survey results evaluating the impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on medical students pursuing careers in neurosurgery Medical student concerns relating to neurosurgery education during COVID-19 Neurology as career option among postgraduate medical students CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar Burnout in medical students: a systematic review COVID-19 is catalyzing the adoption of teleneurology PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar National Resident Matching Program (2020) Results and Data: 2020 Main Residency Match® Education research: flipped classroom in neurology: principles Strategic considerations for applying the flipped classroom to neurology education Neurologic and neuroscience education: mitigating neurophobia to mentor health care providers Active and distance learning in neuroscience education PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar Shaw, S. (2020). Hopelessness, helplessness and resilience: The importance of safeguarding our trainees' mental wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nurse education in practice, 44, 102780. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2020.102780 PubMed Abstract | Google Scholar Safdieh JE and Sarva H (2020) The Impact of COVID-19 on Neurology Education: A Medical Student Perspective Received: 29 May 2020; Accepted: 07 December 2020; Published: 23 December 2020 Copyright © 2020 Guadix, Sha, Sandrone, Safdieh and Sarva. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited in accordance with accepted academic practice distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms *Correspondence: Sergio W. Guadix, c3dnNDAwMUBtZWQuY29ybmVsbC5lZHU= †These authors have contributed equally to this work Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher 94% of researchers rate our articles as excellent or goodLearn more about the work of our research integrity team to safeguard the quality of each article we publish with more than 2,000 underground dwellings (Credit: age fotostock/Alamy)Known as the trogloditas Guadix locals have been living in these underground houses for hundreds of years Guadix looked like any other small Andalucían town a strange Martian-like landscape appeared before me Russet-coloured craggy hills punctuated the skyline and vast desert-like plains were framed by the soaring Sierra Nevada mountain range I could see small white chimneys poking out of the hills and front doors cut into the side of the rock I had arrived at the Barrio de Cuevas or the Neighbourhood of Caves where much of the town’s population lives underground locals have been living in these caves for hundreds of years “Would you like to see inside one of the caves?” an old man called out to me from a wicker chair on his patio the words Cueva de José (José’s Cave) carved into a piece of wood next to his front door I had heard that the troglodytes were friendly and welcoming but I hadn’t expected to be invited inside so soon after arriving this is not the case in Guadix at all,” José said as he beckoned me to follow him into his quirky abode showing off his various rooms and possessions The terracotta farm-style kitchen was modern yet rustic onions and garlic hanging from the ceilings and walls José then showed me into a large dining room where a long wooden table was covered with bowls of dried fruit and vegetables and the walls were decorated with religious icons and other cultural trinkets I was surprised at how large and spacious it all was come,” José said as he motioned for me to go further inside religious paintings on the walls and a frilly red flamenco dress hanging in one corner Flamenco is still a very important part of our culture here The room he seemed most proud of though was his bathroom but I couldn’t help but wonder what it would actually be like to live in a cave I couldn’t picture exchanging it for a normal house and we are protected from the heat down here The caves act like a natural air-conditioner Being underground also keeps it relatively warm during the cold winters José said that he believed the cave was around 500 years old but of course now it had been renovated and fitted with modern furnishings and appliances “Most of my friends live in caves and many of the public buildings are located in caves too. That’s the church over there,” José said, as he pointed to a small white chimney poking up from a round rocky façade. “And over there is the Cave Interpretation Centre Look behind us and you’ll learn even more about the origins of Guadix.” “That was built by the Moors when they ruled our town around 1,000 years ago,” José said I headed towards the Cave Interpretation Centre where I learned that the area where Guadix stands today is one of Europe’s oldest settlements was founded by the Romans to mine the silver found in the nearby hills It was later taken over by the Moors when they ruled Andalucía from around the 8th to the 15th Centuries the magnificent Moorish fortress I had seen from José’s terrace Some of the oldest caves are believed to have been built during the early period of their rule although most were built during the 15th and 16th Centuries as it was midway between the city of Granada When the Catholic monarchs regained control of Andalucía and took Granada in 1492 many of the Moors were displaced and fled to the surrounding mountains and the town of Guadix More people fled here from 1568 to 1571 during the Rebellion (or War of the Alpujarras) many of the Moriscos (Moors who had been forced to become Christian) decided to build their homes underground Far from being natural caverns in rock like most caves the ones in Guadix were actually chiselled out of the earth While some nearby towns such as Baza and Huescar also have cave districts Guadix has more than 2,000 underground dwellings making it home to the largest number of cave homes in all of Europe Guadix’s cave homes were seen as houses for the poor considered inferior to the town’s more modern houses and many local residents are transforming these grotto-like dwellings into restaurants I noticed a big sign scrawled across the exterior wall of one of the caves: Se Vende (For Sale) I couldn’t help but wonder how much it would cost to buy it If you liked this story, sign up for the weekly bbc.com features newsletter, called “If You Only Read 6 Things This Week”. A handpicked selection of stories from BBC Future, Earth, Culture, Capital, Travel and Autos, delivered to your inbox every Friday. Metrics details Geographic and topological location of Venta Micena 4 namely regarding the stratigraphic and taphonomic data as originally described in VM3 Similarly to VM3, VM4 provides a large number of carnivore remains, including; hyenids (P. brevirostris), felids (Homotherium latidens, Megantereon cultridens, Panthera cf. gombaszoegensis, Lynx cf. pardinus) and canids (Xenocyon (= Lycaon) lycaonoides, Canis mosbachensis, Vulpes alopecoides) (Supplementary Notes 2) the total number of individuals in each species is too low to draw reliable conclusions on the resulting patterns L or U shaped mortality profile cannot be clearly discerned The VM4 fossil remains show a moderate fragmentation. Only 36% of remains measure less than 3 cm (Table 2), with more than 55% of long bones presenting green fractures (Table 2) some bones have been documented in anatomical connection Examples include the attached humerus-radius of S fibula and talus of this same species (SW area of the site) meridionalis was retrieved on the western edge of the site lycaonoides individual was also found in the centre of the site as well as two complete hindlimbs of the same species (NW corner of the site) altidens individual was found towards the west all of which present a good representation of bones found in anatomical connection at VM4 Evidence of hydric alterations are limited to abrasion (which affects a 40% of specimens) only 33% of these specimens show an intense degree of abrasion implying hydric alterations to be notably low 25% of the remains show alterations of biological origin including biochemical corrosion as well as root-marks in most cases the impact of these alterations is low to moderate Artificially intelligent systems for the identification of discrete fossiliferous levels revealed 2 distinct and independent bone concentrations levels that could be clearly identified across the entire 39 m2 extension of the VM4 site These levels have been subsequently named Level I (VM4-I) and Level II (VM4-II) approximately 200–230 cm below the surface with a relatively homogeneous horizontal spread and slight NE-SW dip is located approximately 250–280 cm below the surface and is observed to be a much denser horizontal plane Each bone accumulation has a local thickness of generally < 30 cm VM4-I and VM4-II are vertically scattered 50 and 30 cm (i.e. stratigraphic heights between 0 and 50 cm and between 60 and 90 cm The separation between VM4-I and VM4-II is defined by a 10 cm interval Scatter plot showing the spatial distribution of levels VM4-I (dark green) and VM4-II (brown) as identified using artificially intelligent systems Black points indicate indeterminable points with < 80% confidence when being assigned to a level Density (A, B) and heat (C, D) maps for Pearson residual counts (for each of the level VM4-I (A, C) and VM4-II (B, D). Empirical (black) and theoretical (red) spatial correlation functions for Venta Micena 4 levels I and II using Ripley’s K and Besag’s L Empirical functions account for border correction estimates while both for K and L the inhomogeneous variants of these tests were performed Upon analysing spatial correlations with theoretical K(r) functions of an inhomogeneous Poisson process, both VM4-I and VM4-II can be seen to present general tendencies for more cluster-like patterns, as confirmed by the centered L(r) function (Fig. 4) While VM4-II shows slight tendencies towards a regular point process this is likely due to the smaller sample size and lower concentrations across the overall surface area It is worth noting that Hopkins–Skellam tests are able to confirm that both levels present strong tendencies towards clustering across the overall spread of the spatial window (VM4-I: A = 0.01 Upon quantifying the location of clusters through density based pattern recognition algorithms, 17 clusters were detected in VM4-I and 12 clusters in VM4-II (Fig. 5). Spatial distribution of fossils recovered from both VM4-I (A C) Raw spatial coordinates of fossil finds D) Clusters calculated using Density Based pattern recognition algorithms Stereograms presenting general orientation and plunge patterns across both the VM4-I and VM4-II levels. Localized stereograms were obtained according to the detected clusters in Figure. Numeric data relating to these graphs can be consulted in Supplementary Methods With regard to the general slope of fossil finds, only 4% present extreme azimuth values over 45°, while 79% of finds have been recorded relatively flat along the surface (Fig. 6) while hydraulic activities did not move the remains sedimentary abrasion has been observed to have affect bone surfaces product of circulating water moving mobile sediments over the bones While these currents were not strong enough to remove osteological remains sedimentary abrasion has had an impact on bone surface preservations resulting in the poor preservation rates observed across 31.1% of specimens (A) A single pit on a long bone fragment; (B) Pseudo-notches on a long bone fragment; (C) a single pit on an non identifiable bone splinter; (D) Two scores on a long bone diaphysis; (E) Evidences of proximo-distal consumption of an E with furrowing marks in the medial diaphysis; (F) Double notch on a long bone fragment; (G) Furrowing on the jaw angle and ramus of a Bison sp The scarcity or absence of some anatomical regions could be product of the dispersion or transportation of the carcasses made by the predators when obtaining the prey and by the consumption that the carnivores would carry out after hunting the prey this site can be interpreted as a locality close to where herbivores would recurrently have access to drinking water This is a frequent phenomenon observed in typical waterholes of the African savannah thus implying that these profiles be more similar to those produced by the hunting patterns of carnivores future studies should look into the mortality patterns of VM4 especially with those typical of kill sites in comparable landscapes or the margins of relatively shallow lacustrine and palustrine water body environments it is also important to consider the similarities and differences VM4 has with the observations and interpretations made at VM3 both sites show a dominance of species from open environments with a few taxa more typical of wooded as well as aquatic environments Only 5% of the VM3 specimens show biochemical alterations while 25% exhibit this kind of modification in VM4 these percentages are based on a relatively small sample size it is worth to note that the abrasion present in the bones indicates that hydraulic activity was important not in the generation of the accumulation but in its reconfiguration the bones are oriented as they would adapt to the previous lineaments of the palaeosurfaces anatomical connections have also been described reinforcing the great similarity between both sites an important difference between VM3 and VM4 is that the former was studied as a single bone accumulation it will be important to characterise the taphonomic patterns involved in both levels in future analyses the findings from VM4 could suggest that VM3 may also present multiple discrete fossiliferous levels which will therefore require a different approach to defining the taphonomic history of this iconic site This provides an interesting point of debate for the interpretation of both VM3 and VM4 According to the evidence described in the present study VM4 is a palaeontological site of similar age and with similar characteristics to VM3 Both are characterized by mammalian assemblages dominated by equids the location of VM3 and VM4 on the margin of relatively shallow lacustrine and palustrine environment makes them a favourable habitat for hippopotamuses VM4 has been interpreted as a bone assemblage formed at the margins of a freshwater body an environment ideal for the hunting grounds of carnivores and their lingering prey This contrasts with the interpretations of the nearby VM3 site The identification of two fossiliferous levels in VM4 indicates a multi-event depositional scenario an observation that also contrasts with the single formational event proposed for VM3 the material from VM4 has allowed us to revise and redefine the VM faunal list which has been significantly updated with regards to previous versions (especially for some particular groups such as Rhinocerotidae) the definition of these two new palaeostratigraphic levels as well as the mortality patterns and skeletal bias presented in this paper raises interesting questions about the relationship between VM3 and VM4 that still remain unanswered Further work will therefore attempt at discerning the precise carnivores involved in the formation of this site identifying the presence of a single or multiple predator types Future investigation will also make an effort at characterising the two separate depositional events discovered in the present study It will be of great interest to know what implications this has for the interpretations of VM3 The bone sample analysed at VM4 comprises of 1609 remains (Table 1) This sample has been analysed from a palaeontological and taphonomic perspective spatial and stratigraphic information on the coordinated fossils from the 2005 and 2017–2019 excavations have been included With regard to the palaeoecological and palaeoenvironmental implications for the represented taxa herbivorous species were divided into the following three groups; woodland dweller The age classes for mortality profiles were assigned to one of four different ages categories (infantile and lower appendicular elements (metapodials Long limb bones were further divided into anterior portions (scapulae Spatial analysis of VM4 consisted of three primary analyses firstly testing for trends vertically on a palaeostratigraphic level followed by analyses of horizontal distributions assessments were performed for anisotropy and general orientation patterns across the site Limestone percussion tools from the late Early Pleistocene sites of Barranco León and Fuente Nueva 3 (Orce Espigares, M. et al. 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PLoS One 11(5), e0153797. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0153797 (2016) Carnivores et Hommes au Quaternaire en Europe de l’Ouest Leopards as taphonomic agents in dolomitic caves & implications for bone accumulations in the hominid-bearing deposits of South Africa A Taphonomic study of wild wolf (Canis lupus) Modification of horse bones in Northwestern Spain Striped hyenas as bone modifiers in dual human-to-carnivore experimental models First assessments of the taphonomic behaviour of jaguar (Panthera onca) A taphonomic study of the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) Classifying agency in bone breakage: An experimental analysis of fracture planes to differentiate between hominin and carnivore dynamic and static loading using machine learning (ML) algorithms Combining machine learning algorithms and geometric morphometrics: A study of carnivore tooth marks Developments in data science solutions for carnivore tooth pit classification Prey selection by African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) in southern Zimbabwe del poni salvaje (Equus ferus atlanticus) y del ganado vacuno semiextensivo (Bos taurus) en Galicia (Universidad de Santiago de Compostela Predation on large mammals in the Kafue National Park The Spotted Hyena: A Study of Predation and Social Behavior (Chicago University Press The use of mortality patterns in archaeological studies of hominid predatory adaptations The Serengeti Lion (University of Chicago Press Antipredator behavior of Serengeti ungulates Conservation and Management of an Ecosystem (eds Resource availability and competition intensity in the carnivore guild of the Early Pleistocene site of Venta Micena (Orce Análisis y modelización del contexto sedimentario y los atributos tafonómicos de los yacimientos pleistocénicos del borde nororiental de la cuenca de Guadix-Baza (Universidad de Granada Autocthonous anisotropy of archaeological materials by the action of water: Experimental and archaeological reassessment of the orientation patterns at the Olduvai sites Fluvial spatial taphonomy: A new method for the study of post-depositional processes Autochtony and orientation patterns in Olduvai Bed I: A re-examination of the status of post-depositional biasing of archaeological assemblages from FLK North (FLKN) In Los restos humanos de Orce y Cueva Victoria (eds & García-Olivares E.) 241–268 (Diputació de Barcelona Paleontología sistemática de grandes mamíferos del yacimiento del Villafranquiense superior de Fonelas P-1 (Cuenca de Guadix Granada) (Universidad Complutense de Madrid Membres (2 fascicules: Herbivores et Carnivores) (CNRS The probable role of leopards as predators of the Swartkrans Australopithecines The shaft-based methodological approach to the quantification of long limb bones and its relevance to understanding hominin subsistence in the Pleistocene: Application to four Paleolithic sites The abrasion of modern and archaeological bones by mobile sediments: The importance of transport modes and experimental determination of the timing of hominid and carnivore access to long bones at FLK Zinjanthropus Martín-Perea, D. M., Courtenay, L. A., Soledad-Domingo, M. & Morales, J. Application of artificially intelligent systems for the identification of discrete fossiliferous levels. PeerJ 8, e8767. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8767 (2020) Spatial Point Patterns: Methodology and Applications with R Modelling spatial patterns (with discussion) Contributing to the discussion of the paper by Ripley (1977) A new method of determining the type of distribution of plant individuals Download references This research has been possible thanks to the support and approval of the Consejería de Cultura de la Junta de Andalucía through the General Research Project “Primeras ocupaciones humanas y contexto paleoecológico a partir de los depósitos pliopleistocenos de la cuenca Guadix-Baza Zona arqueológica de la cuenca de Orce (Granada We are grateful to the “Archaeometrical Studies Inside the Artefacts & Ecofacts” Unit of Excellence (University of Granada) for its support We also thank the TIDOP Group from the Department of Cartographic and Land Engineering of the Higher Polytechnics School of Avila We would also like to recognize the technical support provided by C.A.I Arqueometry and Archaeological Analysis from the Complutense University which has been very useful in carrying out the present paper We would like to thank to the whole Orce Research Project teams including the volunteers who year after year join the field work we would like to thank the reviewers of this paper for his fruitful comments that have greatly improved the first version of this paper and the editor of the collection Quaternary Taphonomy are funded by the Regional Government of Andalusia with both contracts associated to General Research Project BC.03.032/17 was also funded by the Spanish Public Employment Service (Spanish Ministry of Labour and Social Economy) with an unemployment benefit is funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science PRE2019-089411) associated to project RTI2018-099850-B-IOO and the University of Salamanca The Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES-CERCA) has received financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the “María de Maeztu” program for Units of Excellence (CEX2019-000945-M) This paper is also part of projects 2017SGR-859 (Gov and CGL2016-80000-P (Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness) takes part of the Research Group HUM-607 (Junta de Andalucía) Alexia Serrano-Ramos & Juan Manuel Jiménez-Arenas Juan José Rodríguez-Alba & Darío Herranz-Rodrigo Departamento de Ingeniería Cartográfica y del Terreno Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES-CERCA) Departament d’Història i Història de l’Art ARAID/Departmento de Ciencias de la Tierra (Paleontología) Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra (Paleontología) Universidad de Zaragoza/Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Ambientales de Aragón (IUCA) Instituto Universitario de la Paz y los Conflictos J.S.: Investigation and coordination in Macrovertebrates Taxonomy H.-A.B.: Investigation in Micromammals Palaeontology D.M.: Investigation in Macrovertebrates Taxonomy S.V.: Investigation in Macrovertebrates Taxonomy B.A.: Investigation in Macrovertebrates Taxonomy O.O.: Investigation and Supervision in Stratigraphy J.A.: Investigation and Supervision in Micromammals Palaeontology M.F.: Investigation and supervision in Macrovertebrates Taxonomy Download citation DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-93261-1 Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences (2024) Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences (2023) Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science LBV Magazine English Edition Scientists from the Geological and Mining Institute of Spain (IGME) have confirmed that the sediments found in the excavations of the Roman theater in Guadix record the occurrence of large floods every thousand years coinciding with warm climatic periods during the Roman Empire and the Middle Ages during the construction of an underground parking lot in Guadix of a Roman theater that had remained buried for centuries immediately contacted experts from the Higher Council for Scientific Research (CSIC) upon realizing the relevance of the sediments covering the ruins confirmed that the sediments corresponded to deposits left by major floods and sands to reconstruct events that occurred in the area over the last 2,000 years with an area of ​​almost 6,000 square meters and all the typical elements of the most prominent Roman theaters together with their disposition relative to the built structures Scientists corroborated the datings with radiocarbon and luminescence analyses The first recorded event is a major flood that occurred while the theater’s portico was being built during the so-called Roman Climatic Optimum (200 BC – 150 AD) a warmer and wetter stage that favored the agricultural expansion of the empire The second catastrophic event took place in the late 12th century when medieval warmth led to good harvests that allowed for the construction of the great European cathedrals The Medieval Climatic Anomaly reflects an extraordinarily warm period in Europe during the 10th-14th centuries Experts point out that these records of past floods help understand the effects of current global warming and anticipate future floods in Guadix just as a millennium since the last major flood documented in the Roman theater is being completed CSIC | A. Díez-Herrero, R.M. Mateos, et al., One catastrophic flood every millennium: Synchronicity of extreme floods and global warm periods in the multi-archive record of the Roman theatre of Guadix (Granada, SE Spain). Global and Planetary Change, vol.233, doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2024.104363 Subscribe to get the latest posts sent to your email. Archaeologists from universities in the United States and Denmark found, deep within the Actun Uayazba Kab cave in Belize, two small stone tools dated between 250 and 900 AD that… For centuries in China, men and women gathered to play a game called Cuju. 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The answer, at least in part, may lie within their own bodies, according to… A recent study on the cave paintings of the Altamira Cave in Santillana del Mar, Cantabria (Spain) has concluded that some of the artworks it contains could be much older… A team of paleontologists from the University of Leicester has managed to decipher one of the many enigmas of the dinosaur era—the exact moment when pterosaurs, the large and unsettling… Throughout its long history, Rome achieved numerous military victories that allowed it to grow, expand, and dominate nearly the entire known world in Antiquity. But it also suffered defeats, and… Receive our news and articles in your email for free. You can also support us with a monthly subscription and receive exclusive content. a cherished relic of Granada’s rich and enthralling history You can stay at suitably luxurious hotels around the old Moorish city with many drawing design inspiration from the palace itself But if you really want to experience a unique stay that captures the old magic and majesty of Andalusia try staying in a cave house carved into the rocks or dug out of clay The city isn’t that well known outside of Spain but it boasts a rich history all of its own and the surviving cave houses are part of its legacy many have been restored to hospitality standards and are available for travellers to book Here’s our curated selection of the best caves in Guadix and the surrounding villages Courtesy of Cuevas la Granja / Expedia The red clay that illuminates the Alhambra is a stark contrast to the vivid limestone caves of this cavernous complex The 18 separate cottages are perfect for families and couples looking for a relaxing stay with uninterrupted views of the Sierra Nevada There are packages available for those looking for a bespoke stay – we recommend the Ancient Skies option which adds in a spot of guided stargazing to your trip Courtesy of Casas Cueva Molino Fuencaliente / Expedia In the nearby town of Huéscar you’ll find a number of quiet neighbourhoods that reveal more about the region’s past Casas Cueva Molino Fuencaliente is typical of the properties here and in addition has barbecue facilities for those looking to spend even more time outdoors you’ll find remarkable spots like Castril within easy reach Another highlight is the old Jewish quarter in Orce Sign up to our newsletter to save up to $800 on our unique trips See privacy policy Courtesy of Cuevas Helena / Expedia If your idea of a cave hotel is a jagged hole carved into the side of a mountain This modern iteration of “cave living” offers the chance to experience the great outdoors while sampling a more authentic side of Andalusia The hotel itself is relatively small but well stocked for big groups with exterior dining space giving the place a summery feel The traditional Spanish villages of the Altiplano (the high plains) are just a short distance away – hop in the car and head to one for a cheap-as-chips lunch of lovely Courtesy of Cuevas Almagruz / Expedia If you want the wow factor This property has just six rentals available but the largest of these can accommodate up to 28 people with everything needed for a big group holiday The spectacular façade is part of the Granada Geopark – a designated area of geological interest – which includes a visitor centre that details the original cave dwellers who made their homes here before visitors from other parts of Spain discovered the region If you’re travelling across the region by car this place will really take you off the grid Courtesy of Cuevas Pedro Antonio de Alarcón / Expedia Guadix is a former stronghold of the Roman Empire and it was during this early period when many of the cave houses found scattered around the city today were first hewn Cuevas Pedro Antonio de Alarcón are a series of such caves Caves also function as natural insulators; during the hottest days of summer they’ll provide much needed respite Guadix is roughly 60km (37mi) from the heart of Granada so you’ll need to drive here or take a bus You’ll get a real sense of ancient Spanish history not to mention a some authentic Spanish cuisine in town This hotel is great if you’re travelling with a dog Courtesy of Cuevas del Zenete / Expedia Unlike large purpose-built concrete structures cave houses have a minimal impact on the local environment blend seamlessly into the surroundings and make the most of natural resources You can go to bed with a clean eco-conscience at Cuevas del Zenete Choose from a collection of open-plan residences that neatly make the most of their limited space Some come with kitchen facilities and even a cosy fireplace Courtesy of Cuevas el Guindas / Expedia Locals have lived in caves for millennia in this part of Spain even when the original ramparts of the Alhambra were under construction during the reign of the Moors But these original cave dwellers couldn’t possibly have imagined how their home might evolve even though the weathered exterior would remain largely the same Cuevas el Guindas is every bit the authentic cave but comes with on-site pool facilities and even an indoor fireplace to provide extra warmth for a winter stay Cassam Looch has been working within travel for more than a decade An expert on film locations and set jetting destinations Cassam is also a keen advocate of the many unique things to do in his home city of London With more than 50 countries visited (so far) Cassam also has a great take on the rest of the world Guides & Tips How to Attend a Bullfight in Spain Guides & Tips The Best European Cities to Visit in November Guides & Tips The Best European Cities to Visit in December See & Do The Best European Cities to Visit in Autumn See & Do The Best European Cities to Visit in July See & Do The Best European Cities to Visit in October Guides & Tips How to Spend the Perfect 24 Hours in Santander See & Do The Best European Cities to Visit in September See & Do The Best European Cities to Visit in Summer Food & Drink The 5 Best Food Markets in Madrid Sports The Most Epic Hiking Trails in Spain's Sierra Nevada Architecture Spain’s Most Impressive Bullrings US: +1 (678) 967 4965 | UK: +44 (0)1630 35000 tripssupport@theculturetrip.com © Copyright 2025 The Culture Trip Ltd AmaWaterways Celebrates Travel Advisor Appreciation With Incentives and Rewards Bowman’s Travel Brief: Avoid Newark Airport Mastering the Art of Group Travel Bookings Fiesta Americana Travelty Celebrates Travel Advisors The Top 24 Most Powerful Travel Agencies of 2024 The Strategic Art of Pre-Planning Luxury Vacations: A Perspective for Travel Advisors Spain represent the country's history in perhaps its most vivid way in the province of Granada and surrounded by the Sierra Nevada Mountains Guadix is the oldest settlement in all of what would become Spain The thousands of whitewashed cave houses that dot the hills create surreal vistas that you won't find in many other places in the world The views are so striking that classic movies including "Dr Zhivago," "Indiana Jones The Last Crusade" and "The Good and The Ugly" were all filmed with a Guadix backdrop Stepping into the glaring sun and gazing up at the caves, I understood why they were so popular. Underground dwellings are a great way to shield your house from the sun and enjoy cool temperatures in the summer and warmth in the winter. I headed to the Cave Museum (Centro de Interpetacion de Guadix-Cueva de Museo) to learn more about the town's unusual history The museum is located in an actual cave and recreates many of the rooms that you'll see in neighboring houses Guadix caves were first developed when Catholic kings took over the Moorish city in 1489 The Moors moved to the outskirts and dug into the red clay that lines the hills to create homes The caves were built to always face the sun and were whitewashed with lime Most houses had two rooms attached and sometimes stables for the animals displays show the different room arrangements for caves with woven baskets lining the walls of the dining room and the town's famed terra cotta pottery filling the kitchen textured walls create insulation that keeps the houses comfortable all year Gas and water pipes aren't allowed in the caves so kitchens and bathrooms are usually located in outside rooms A video presentation about Guadix's history rounds out the museum's exhibits I found it particularly interesting to talk to one of the guides who lives in a cave passed down through three generations of her family the caves were considered outdated examples of the town's past but with current housing costs they're a popular option that supplies great value for the cost The town boasts the largest concentration of inhabited cave dwellings in Europe and there are over 2,000 homes sprinkled through out the hills. Guadix citizens, fittingly called "troglodytes," are famous for inviting visitors inside to see their cave homes, but I was too busy strolling the town's heritage sites to snag a coveted invitation, although you can also rent or stay in a hotel cave which flaunts impressive artifacts like a 400-year-old alabaster fountain and art that can be viewed in its small museum which is a 10th century citadel with stunning panoramas I ended my Guadix visit with lunch at the charming Hotel Comercio which featured local faves like Migas a dish of breadcrumbs For the latest travel news, updates and deals, subscribe to the daily TravelPulse newsletter The Sacromonte and Guadix caves in Granada have been occupied for centuries Caves cover the hills of Guadix, a southern Spanish region containing around 2,000 caves that have been used as homes for generations.Photograph by Tamara MerinoByAlexandra GenovaPhotographs byTamara MerinoAugust 22, 2018•7 min readCaves have long provided shelter for people around the globe the rocky formations first served as a sanctuary from wild storms and predatory animals they offered protection from religious and racial persecution the structures are home to unique and quietly proud communities who have eschewed modern life for the peaceful solitude of the mountains For Chilean photographer Tamara Merino who has been photographing cave-dwellers around the world it’s the history and the raw relationship between the landscape and its inhabitants that interested her most “I've always been fascinated by the way humans relate to the land and environment and how it impacts their lives,” says Merino In the second part of her ongoing project—the first of which took her to the Australian opal town of Coober Pedy—Merino spent a fortnight in Spain’s Andalucía region to document the stories of those living in its cave-studded countryside “The most important thing was not to have any preconceptions,” she says “I like to sit with people and hear their stories The sky darkens over the doorway of a cave home in Benalúa a village in the mountains of southern Spain Manuel Gonzales and Encarna Sanchez pose for a portrait in their living room now lives with her and their dog in the cave where she was raised has lived in the caves of Sacromonte since 1998 he performs classic rock in the streets of Granada In the province of Guadix she found residents continuing agricultural life as it existed 500 years ago “They still live with the animals inside the caves,” says Merino Further along the valley, the Sacromonte caves are nestled above the sprawling city of Granada where a melting pot of cultures and ethnicities coexist The more isolated territory in the mountain’s upper region is mainly occupied by illegal squatters many of whom are also undocumented immigrants the lower portion is mostly home to legal residents drawn to cave life for environmental and cultural reasons The region has been home to underground residents for hundreds of years Sacromonte is the birthplace of Spanish flamenco, a dance created by Spain’s gitano continue to live in the caves as a way to honor their culture "I was born inside a cave with the animals and the beasts,” says Amaya whose family has lived in the Sacromonte caves for six generations His ancestors were the originators of the Zambra flamenco first performed in those caves more than 500 years ago Amaya started dancing when he was just three years old performing flamenco and reciting gitano poetry on the site of so much personal history creates a powerful connection to his forefathers Mbacke stands over the city of Granada from the space in front of his cave Senegalese immigrants sit inside a cave in the upper portion of the hills Though the Sacromonte caves are known as the home of a large gitano community residents of the caves come from around the globe Mbacke sits on his bed inside his home in Sacromonte Tocuato Lopez is also a lifelong cave resident; his family has been in the Guadix caves for four generations The caves offer shelter from the unbearable summer heat but they provide a sense of deep-rooted community Despite growing up in poverty—he and his sister used to walk for more than 2.5 miles to the neighboring town to beg for food—he has a strong affection for his home "I'm very proud of being from the cave and still living in the cave,” says the father of four The front door of a cave protrudes slightly from a rocky wall in Sacromonte Many of these caves exist in an unclear legal vacuum allowing for easy and sometimes illegal occupation the structures are home to unique and quietly proud communities who have eschewed modern life for the peaceful solitude of the mountains."},"type":"p","style":{}},{"id":"inline-1","cntnt":{"aspectRatio":"3x2","cmsType":"photogallery","id":"inline-1","media":[{"caption":{"credit":"Photograph by Tamara Merino","text":"Piedad Mezco and Antonio Ortiz have lived all their lives in the caves of Guadix They were both born inside a cave and raised in the hills Antonio worked on a farm and Piedad made wood chairs Piedad Mezco and Antonio Ortiz have lived all their lives in the caves of Guadix Unique decor is common in the caves near Granada a resident has hung four pistols around an image of his niece at her first communion Tocuato Lopez was born in the caves of Guadix and has lived there all his life he bought a new cave with his wife and their two children His room is located deep in the formation and does not have any windows or natural light Children play in abandoned caves next to their own cave home but there are now multiple empty residences in their village A priest leads a service in Nuestra Señora de Gracia An image of the \"Patronness of the Caves\" sits inside the sanctuary Lights shine inside the cave where flamenco dancers perform every evening A similar dance was a wedding tradition for the gitano community but was banned in the 16th century Dancers continued performing in secret and the residents of the Sacromonte shaped the dance into the flamenco that's performed today Two women dance flamenco in the caves of Sacromonte The traditional Spanish dance was born in the region more than 500 years ago and community members continue to perform every night in the caves looks out over the city of Granada and the Alhambra palace once the royal court of Ferdinand and Isabella looks at an image he's hung on the wall of his cave in the hills of Sacromonte who lives in the caves for economic reasons show off their friendship bracelets before Taylor Swift's Eras Tour at El Monumental Stadium in Buenos Aires The singer-songwriter began her Eras Tour outside North America and some Swifties in Argentina camped out for more than five months News | Jul 17 our oldest son has just graduated from high school and we’re taking a family trip to Europe The name Guadix is taken from the arabic word Guadh-Haxi It’s an odd name for such a dusty and impoverished place Learning that many of the residents live in caves we drive up to what is called the Barriada de Cuevas We ask if we can take their picture and then taking photographs and coming to know several of the residents – a widow named Francisca (Paca) Encina and an older couple named Maravilla Garrido and Manuel Jabalera This turns into an article that the Aspen Times Weekly publishes on Sept Maravilla and Manuel as well as one of the photos of the three gypsy girls from 1985 we’re back in Guadix and I’m taking more photographs spots the 1985 photograph of the three gypsy girls and recognizes one of them “Her name is Coral Cortes Fernandez,” she says Maria Paz gives me Coral’s address but warns me not to visit I don’t recommend that you go there.” I ignore the museum manager’s advice and soon end up at a dark gloomy looking apartment building perhaps a mile from the cave area two young guys appear on a motorcycle and warn me away grassless area behind the building and call out for Coral A man stares suspiciously out of a doorway I can see several people in the darkness behind him I ask if I can take more pictures and she agrees This is the beginning of a series of visits over the next three years some are nephews or nieces; I’m never really sure who is who I give them photos from the previous visit then I line them up next to the gloomy building for more photos the kids grab my arm and pull me toward the apartment building Coral has just had a baby girl named Tamara and they insist that I come into the apartment and photograph her Coral’s husband isn’t there and Coral is in the shower so going in their apartment is obviously a very bad idea take two quick pictures of the tiny baby and dart out again These visits never last more than 10 minutes My real goal in Guadix is to photograph people who are actually living in caves so visiting Coral’s family at the apartment is just a sideline Tamara has gone from being the formless baby that I first photographed to a clear-eyed and very attractive little girl And Tania is about the age of Coral when I first photographed her in 1985 What is going to happen to the two of them Will they end up in a dingy apartment building like this one estranged from Spanish society and barely eking out a living Because the Aspen Times Weekly published Coral’s picture in the 2005 article I’ve become the unofficial historian of this Spanish gypsy family I’m the American stranger who shows up without warning every six or eight months takes a flurry of photographs and then disappears Seeing Tamara and Tania makes me feel that I should do more and I’m in Guadix giving Coral photos from the October trip Standing with her is a well-groomed young woman with glasses and dark hair “Tania.” She has a serious boyfriend has completely changed her appearance and seems like a different person Readers around Aspen and Snowmass Village make the Aspen Times’ work possible Your financial contribution supports our efforts to deliver quality your support is critical to help us keep our community informed about the evolving coronavirus pandemic and the impact it is having locally Each donation will be used exclusively for the development and creation of increased news coverage are you considering any property transactions this spring View Results The inaugural want2race Ginetta 24HR will take place over the weekend of 22-24 November at Guadix Circuit in Granada Spain using three different specifications of Ginetta G40 The first-ever one-make Ginetta 24 hour race has full factory support and will welcome entrants from across their five one-make domestic championships as well as teams and drivers that are new to Ginetta competition The entry will be split into three classes to match the specification of G40 used in the Ginetta Juniors with interest already proving high from competitors in all three of those series as well as drivers who have just completed their maiden car-racing campaigns in the entry-level GRDC The event package has a one-off entry fee of just £5,950 + VAT per one-car team including 30 hours of track time-shared across a team of 3 to 6 drivers full Ginetta factory parts and technical support All entrants must have a minimum of a ‘National B’ MSA license with arrive and drive packages available for individual drivers Ben Hyland – want2race: “We’re incredibly excited to confirm the date for the inaugural want2race Ginetta 24HR giving drivers and teams the chance to end their 2019 campaigns with an exciting and competitive endurance event “There are not many opportunities out there for drivers to get 24-hour racing experience under their best in a cost-effective manner and with our event open exclusively to Ginetta G40’s we’re sure to enjoy a close competitive event with a friendly paddock atmosphere “As part of want2race’s new partnership with Ginetta we have full factory support for the event We’re also offering assistance with transport while an independent clerk of the course and scrutineers will ensure fair “The Guadix facility is the ideal venue for this event with the circuit providing a suitable challenge for novice and seasoned drivers alike We should hopefully enjoy some good weather too while the track time on offer will provide lots of experience for those competing “ We have fantastic arrive and drive packages available for individual drivers wanting to experience this milestone first Ginetta 24 hour event.” Interested teams and drivers please call 01332 470057 or email info@want2race.co.uk Author: © 2023 dailysportscar.com. All Rights Reserved. Link Digital Metrics details The sedimentary record in the Guadix-Baza Basin (southern Spain) has proved to be a great source of information for the Miocene through the Pleistocene periods due to the abundant faunal remains preserved in some cases associated with lithic tools The Solana del Zamborino (SZ) section has been the subject of controversy ever since a magnetostratigraphic analysis resulted in an age of 750–770 Kyr for Acheulean tools a chronology significantly older than the ~600 Kyr established chronology for the first Acheulean record in Europe Although recent findings at the “Barranc de la Boella” site (north-east of the Iberian Peninsula) seem to indicate that an earlier introduction of such technique in Europe around 0.96–0.781 Ma is possible the precise age of the classical site at SZ is still controversial The aim of this paper is to constrain the chronology of the site by developing a longer magnetostratigraphic record we carried out an exhaustive sampling in a new succession at SZ Our results provide a ~65 m magnetostratigraphic record in which 4 magnetozones of normal polarity are found Our new magnetostratigraphic data suggest an age range between 300–480 Kyr for the lithic tools closer to the age of traditional Acheulean sites in Europe sands and gravels (locally palustrine carbonates) palustrine-lacustrine limestones (locally tufa) sand and shale (locally palustrine-calcrete carbonates) sands and shales (locally palustrine-lacustrine carbonates) palustrine-lacustrine carbonates (locally shale) Current state of the paleontological site of Solana del Zamborino Photograph taken by Claudia Álvarez-Posada The walls of the quarry are approximately 12 meters in height Stratigraphic succession obtained in this study resulting from combining two parallel sequences measured in SZ in the years 2014 and 2015 The top of the site section is marked by palustrine carbonates and a bed of conglomerates about two meters thick related to an important progradation of alluvial fan sediments from the Internal Transverse System into the axial valley in a total of 47 sampling sites from which we have obtained 367 individual samples (between 8 cm3 and 11 cm3 depending on the process by which the samples were obtained) The measurement of the natural remanent magnetization (NRM) of the specimens and the progressive demagnetisation was carried out in two different laboratories: a preliminary analysis was carried out in the laboratory of Paleomagnetism and Rock Magnetism at the University of Oxford (England) on a pilot set of specimens Low field magnetic susceptibility was measured with a Kappabridge model KLY2 with a CS3 oven incorporated Further analyses were carried out using a cryogenic magnetometer 2 G enterprises DC including an online degausser for alternating field (AF) demagnetization the remaining specimens were processed at the National Research Center for Human Evolution (CENIEH using an TD-48SC oven (ASC Scientific) for thermal (TH) demagnetization a cryogenic magnetometer 2 G model 755R-4K with a built in degausser system for AF demagnetization up to 170 mT model IM-10–30 (ASC Scientific) for isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM) acquisition curves Latitudes of the VGP poles were used to establish the local magnetostratigraphy The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon request The information about the individual samples analysed and the statistical result are provided as a supplementary information Example of isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM) acquisition curves and their respective thermal demagnetisation for some representative specimens. Each symbol corresponds a different sample. Notice a rapid increase in the IRM at fields lower than 1 T (between 300 and 400 mT) and unblocking temperatures just below 600 °C, suggesting magnetite as the main carrier of stable magnetization. Representative orthogonal demagnetisation diagrams (Zijderveld) Black and white dots represent horizontal and vertical components respectively Graphical representation of the virtual geomagnetic pole (VGP) latitude against stratigraphic height and the resultant local magnetostratigraphy Inc/Dec: inclination and declination of each ChRM direction) N3 and N4 and three magnetozones with reversed polarity named R1 At least two magnetostratigraphically consecutive sites of the same polarity were required to define a change in polarity otherwise a grey bar represents a single site Option II is favoured due to its consistency with the nearby Fonelas magnetostratigraphic section (see text for discussion) An exhaustive paleomagnetic study of the tool-bearing and paleontological deposits at La Solana del Zamborino as well as of the older stratigraphic levels A stratigraphic sequence of ~65 meters has been paleomagnetically studied The samples generally present a stable magnetic signal and quality that have allowed us to obtain an interpretable magnetostratigraphy Contexto estratigráfico y sedimentario de los yacimientos de grandes mamíferos del sector centralal de la Cuenca de Guadix (Cordillera Bética) Estratigrafía y Sedimentología del relleno aluvial de la Cuenca de Guadix (Cordillera Bética) El cazadero achelense de la Solana de Zamborino (Granada) Cr{ó}nica del XIII Congreso Arqueol{ó}gico Nacional 175–184 (1975) Excavaciones arqueológicas en el yacimiento achelense de la ‘Solana de Zamborino’ Noticiario arqueológico hispánico 25–32 (1976) Los grandes mamíferos del yacimiento Achelense de la Solana del Zamborino Antropología y Paleoecología humana 29–187 (1988) 2011 Global chronostratigraphical correlation table for the last 2.7 million years Subcommission on Quaternary Stratigraphy (International Commission on Stratigraphy) In A Geological Time Scale 2004 (eds Gradstein Download references This work has been possible thanks to the following research grants: B090678SV18BC (General Direction of Cultural Heritage Sala; CGL2010–16821 andCGL2014–62296-EXP (MINECO): PI J.M CGL20013–43013R (MINECO-FEDER) and Research Group RNM 369 of the Junta de Andalucía We also wish to thank the Editorial Board Member handling the manuscript and the reviewer(s) for their time and constructive comments about this work All of them have helped us to improve this manuscript IPHES (Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social) wrote the manuscript with contributions about geological information from C.V oversaw and coordinated the research project All authors discussed and commented on the manuscript The authors declare that they have no competing interests Download citation DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-14024-5 A family from Guadix in Andalucía's Granada province had a fright on Tuesday 30 May when they found a snake in their bathroom The family called the 112 emergency service number which in turn alerted the provincial fire brigade When the firefighters arrived at the house on Calle Torremolinos in Accitano they were able to capture the uninvited guest easily and confirmed that it was a common species of snake that is completely harmless and frequently found in the area The firefighters placed the reptile in a special box that they have for this purpose and later released it into the countryside So how did a snake end up in the bathroom of this house at least that's what a spokesperson for the provincial fire brigade thinks it is not uncommon for them to slip through a door or for us to transport them as they can find their way into the underbody of cars." he explained You can register a free account and get 10 FREE premium articles a month please enter your email address in the box below and we will send you an email with a few steps to reset your password and get you back onto your account Read our latest newspaper by downloading our app from the link below The Gibraltar Chronicle is a daily newspaper published in Gibraltar since 1801 It is one of the world's oldest English language newspapers to have been in print continuously Our print edition and e-paper is published daily except Sundays The Gibraltar Chronicle (Newspaper) Ltd is licensed by the Gibraltar Government's Office of Fair Trading This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website These cookies do not store any personal information Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks The action you just performed triggered the security solution There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page His team-mate might have stolen the headlines by taking the lap record at Cartagena but Leon Haslam fought back in style as the JG Speedfit Kawasaki team moved to Guadix for two days earlier this week The 2016 MCE British Superbike championship runner-up clocked his fastest ever lap of the circuit breaking a lap record he had previously set on a Honda WSB-spec machine The two days on track at Guadix concluded a run of eight days Spanish testing for the JG Speedfit Kawasaki team who got out at Jerez back in January before heading to Cartagena last week Haslam says he doesn’t think he could be in a better position heading into the opening round at Donington Park in two weeks’ time “Testing has been really kind to us; we’ve got through everything we needed to over the last six days and managed to set a new circuit record at Guadix which is always nice,” Haslam said “I didn’t manage to get one hot lap in at Cartagena especially when looking at what other people were doing over longer runs “At Guadix I was consistently faster than the other guys on track so all in all it’s been a good start to the year and we’re in a strong position for the opening round at Donington.” Team manager Jack Valentine added: “I don’t normally get excited about lap times during testing but breaking two lap records back to back is a fantastic achievement “Luke got off to a flying start in Cartagena and worked really hard on race simulations to improve tyre life with various settings and components Leon on the other hand wasn’t really looking for quick single laps focusing instead on working through different settings with his crew again to increase tyre life but also throttle connections with the electronics “We have changed suspension for 2017 from K-tech to Ohlins and have worked hard during testing on setting that up for both riders Looking for the perfect two-wheeled companion? Visit MCN Bikes For Sale website or use MCN’s Bikes For Sale App Former sports reporter covering British Superbikes You can register a free account and get 10 FREE premium articles a month. To reset your password, please enter your email address in the box below and we will send you an email with a few steps to reset your password and get you back onto your account. Read our latest newspaper by downloading our app from the link below. The Gibraltar Chronicle is a daily newspaper published in Gibraltar since 1801. It is one of the world's oldest English language newspapers to have been in print continuously. Our print edition and e-paper is published daily except Sundays. The Gibraltar Chronicle (Newspaper) Ltd is licensed by the Gibraltar Government's Office of Fair Trading, licence number BL 152009. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. These cookies do not store any personal information. Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website.  My NewsSign Out Sign InCreate your free profileSections news Alerts Jorge Guerrero / AFP - Getty Images — Every year on Sept 6 a villager from Guadix dresses as an oddball character called 'Cascamorras' and travels 1.8 miles to the village of Baza to stage an attempt to recapture the statue of the Virgen de la Piedad The people of Baza dirty their faces and wait with colored water and eggs to pelt the intruders thus staining the clothes of Cascamorras and ensuring his failure Youths covered in black grease take part in the traditional festivities of Cascamorras People painted with black grease walk by a wall stained with grease as they celebrate the Cascamorras festival in Baza People wash off black grease during the traditional festivities of Cascamorras in Baza Follow @NBCNewsPictures •Sign up for the NBCNews.com Photos Newsletter The kidnapping and murder of Anabel Segura in 1993 left Spain and the world in shock becoming a dark landmark in Spanish history the Netflix docuseries 900 Days Without Anabel is bringing the case back to the center of attention disclosing never-seen-before details about the crime One of the questions that is gaining traction among viewers is around the current whereabouts of Emilio Muñoz Guadix Anabel Segura disappeared when she went jogging in an affluent neighborhood in Madrid—La Moraleja The 22-year-old woman who was about to graduate from university was kidnapped by Emilio Muñoz Guadix and Candido "Candi" Ortiz Aon who planned to demand an exorbitant amount from her family as ransom What followed were almost three years—900 days— when Spain lived in suspense closely following attempts to locate Anabel The crime was even more heinous due to the kidnappers' cruelty The victim was murdered just hours after being captured but the criminals kept on deceiving her family for almost three years including one in which Guadix's wife pretended to be Anabel pleading for help and keeping the family's hopes alive This cruel manipulation left the country in suspense while the kidnappers prolonged the suffering of Anabel's family for financial gain 900 Days Without Anabel reveals new information about the case among which are tapes recorded during negotiations with the kidnappers These revelations reinforce the impact of this crime which is still remembered as one of the most significant in recent Spanish history Guadix and Ortiz Aon were sentenced to 39 years in prison each which the Spanish Supreme Court later increased to 43 years in prison for both—because of the controversial Parot doctrine aimed to toughen prison sentences for serious crimes by applying sentence reduction benefits individually to each crime rather than to the total sentence the European Court of Human Rights invalidated its retroactive application This decision resulted in the early release of Guadix nobody knows where he is or what he has been doing which is as disturbing as the crimes he committed The impact of his crimes and the struggle for justice remain etched in collective memory Curious to learn more about Emilio Muñoz Guadix and the case of Anabel Segura Watch 900 Days Without Anabel now streaming Your perspective matters!Start the conversation The story of Netflix's 900 Days Without Anabel revolves around the 1993 kidnapping and murder of 22-year-old Anabel Segura by Emilio Muñoz Guadix and Candido Ortiz Aon She was kidnapped while jogging in the affluent neighborhoods of Madrid they maintained a strategic ransom scheme over two years afterward who was an essential participant in the kidnap was released in 2013 after spending 18 years in prison when a verdict of European Human Rights reduced his jail sentence Emilio Muñoz Guadix apologized for his crime and has been away from society ever since 900 Days Without Anabel was released on Netflix on November 22 a delivery person in a difficult financial situation he recruited his childhood friend Candido Ortiz Aon the two men kidnapped 22-year-old Anabel Segura at knifepoint while she was jogging in La Moraleja with the abduction being witnessed by a school janitor who immediately called the police the janitor could not identify the license plate due to poor eyesight The kidnappers first held her in an abandoned factory in Toledo Anabel reportedly tried to escape, leading to her accidental death within hours of her abduction. The panicked kidnappers buried her body near the factory Emilio Muñoz Guadix continued with the ransom plan to squeeze money out of her family he and Ortiz made 14 calls to the Segura family demanding 150 million Spanish pesetas ($945,000) made a tape message claiming to be the abducted young woman The false tape was also sent to the family the police audio tape was released to the public in expectation of leads A resident of Escalona identified Ortiz Aon's voice causing the trio to be arrested in September 1995 Felisa Garcia was found guilty as an accomplice for her role in the cover-up and impersonation She spent six months in prison and then returned to her family and out of sight The most important key player was Candido Ortiz Aon, a friend of Emilio's since childhood and a plumber. He helped Emilio Muñoz Guadix kidnap Anabel and was part of the decision to kill her. Candido was sentenced to 43 years in prison following his arrest in 1995 He spent the first half of this period in Ocaña Prison in Toledo but he died from natural causes while inside in 2009 at the age of 48 His death marked the end of his involvement in one of Spain’s most infamous crimes Emilio Muñoz Guadix was then sentenced to spend 43 years in prison following his conviction After serving for 18 years at the Herrera de La Mancha penitentiary Emilio publicly expressed remorse upon his release and stated that he was driven by desperation caused by his financial situation He confessed to having made "a serious mistake" and apologized to the family of his victim stating that "I would give ten years of my life so that this would not have happened." Emilio went back into a low profile with reports stating that he had been ailing when he was released Open in NewsBreak|Sign inChoose your location Friend who helped Emilio Muñoz Guadix kidnap Anabel SeguraBy Jimmy Grant ANABEL Segura’s 900-day disappearance is Spain’s longest reported kidnapping case Candido “Candi” Ortiz Aon was one of the two main perpetrators involved in the kidnapping — here’s what we know about him Along with his associate Emilio Muñoz Guadix They abducted her while she was jogging in La Moraleja, an affluent area of Madrid , Spain The two men grabbed her at knifepoint and forced her into their van Anabel’s kidnapping quickly gained national attention A massive manhunt to locate the missing woman was launched by authorities as well as a prolonged investigation to apprehend her kidnappers Ortiz Aon and Muñoz Guadix contacted Anabel’s family and made demands that would ultimately last an agonizing 900 days until the discovery of her body Although her kidnappers continued to demand ransom money for years Anabel was killed just six hours after she vanished the kidnappers made 14 calls and reportedly demanded up to 150 million pesetas (€900,000) from Anabel’s family In an effort to raise funds for the ransom and to offer a reward for information leading to Anabel’s safe return The Spanish Interior Ministry also offered a reward A recording the kidnappers claimed to be of Anabel’s voice was received by her family Anabel’s parents are not dominated by hate but they want the full weight of the law and justice against the kidnappers and killers of Anabel The recording was made by a female accomplice of the kidnappers called Felicia Garcia The recording said: ”I want to be home with you… I really want to see you all Anabels parents had the ransom money ready within two days Her body was finally discovered at an abandoned warehouse on September 30 Police released a recording of one of the kidnapper’s voices on TV A tip-off from a member of the public led police to Candido Ortiz Aon The suspects led police to Anabel’s remains At a busy press conference on the day of the discovery of her body said: ”Anabel’s parents are not dominated by hate but they want the full weight of the law and justice against the kidnappers and killers of Anabel.” The Spanish Supreme Court sentenced Ortiz Aon and Muñoz Guadix to 43 years in prison each for their roles in the kidnapping and murder Ortiz Aon died in prison in 2009 at the age of 48 He’d served approximately 14 years of his sentence Netflix is set to release a groundbreaking docuseries called 900 Days Without Anabel It promises to offer an unprecedented look into the Anabel Segura case and features never-before-heard recordings of negotiations between the police and the kidnappers The series also includes re-enactments and testimonies from Anabel’s relatives The three-part documentary series will be available on Netflix from November 22 performed the traditional "Riders up" call signalling the jockeys to climb aboard their horses before the iconic race The seven-time Olympic champion donned a lavender dress and matching hat as she was flanked by.. best known for his big-screen debut in the critically acclaimed box office hit was hospitalised on Wednesday with severe headaches – she tragically passed away just two days later Her mum Thays Brandão had revealed days earlier that doctors had diagnosed Milena with a brain tumour dies just hours after landing in Benidorm for ‘last-minute’ lads tripA FATHER-of-three has tragically died just hours after arriving in Benidorm following a “last minute” decision to go on a lads trip suddenly collapsed on the strip at the Spanish holiday town on Friday all commmentary and quotes are from interviews conducted by those mentioned." Owen Jenner and Shane Richardson have both died as a result of their injuries A statement from the British Superbike Championship confirmed the sad news and it read: “At the start of this afternoon’s Quattro Group […] died from severe blood loss after being stabbed multiple times outside her home in Trémolat lawyer saysTHE lottery player unable to cash in her ticket worth $83.5 million feels she has been caught in the crossfire as chiefs still refuse to pay out The Texas woman spent $20 on tickets using the courier service Jackpocket ahead of the draw on February 17 but is being denied what she believes is rightfully hers this article features commentary and quotes from interviews that were conducted by the author with those mentioned.] As the author of the official Bewitched books and celebrated twin biographies of the acclaimed show's Emmy-winning star and befriend the beloved actress (who sadly died of cancer on May 18 The retail giant apologized after the angry customer took to social media to complain The patron at Walmart claimed that they had called the store’s customer service line after experiencing issues with an […] Everyone can see the gorgeous spring tulips but only the most eagle-eyed will be able to spy the hidden pearl necklace in under 30 seconds Whether you’re hoping to improve your problem solving skills or boost your memory The vessels were buffeted by strong winds at about 4pm local time on Sunday as they sailed on a river in Qianxi city The four boats overturned and some 84 people were […] These six persistent myths still fool even seasoned Central-Coast travelers Myth 1: “Nobody is allowed to swim in the Neptune Pool anymore.” killed after bomb explodes in her hands in massive blast in Greece as cops probe plot to blow up bankA WOMAN has been killed after the bomb she was carrying exploded in her hands The 38-year-old woman was reportedly carrying the bomb to place it outside a nearby bank in the Greek city of Thessaloniki Several storefronts and vehicles were damaged by the blast on Saturday morning Footage from the scene shows forensic experts […] WHSmith has been a fixture on the U.K.’s high streets and in busy travel hubs the venerable retailer—whose roots date back to 1792—is undergoing a seismic shift WHSmith recently announced it will sell off about 480 of its stores to private-equity firm Modella Capital for £76 million effectively parting ways with a significant portion of its iconic high street footprint The major US retailer has made the policy U-turn amid a sea of shocked shoppers and complaining customers The Daily Mail reports that Target has quietly removed self-checkout kiosks from all of its 2,000 locations This is only a year after it committed to […] looked “unenthusiastic” as country hitmaker Miranda Lambert performed on the talent show who was not the first choice star to replace Katy Perry when she stepped onto the panel for season 23 of […] we’d suggest not trying to skirt the rules when it comes to bringing alcohol onto the ship if you are sailing Carnival Doing so could mean you can’t sail with the line anymore Open in NewsBreak|Sign inMountain View ANABEL Segura’s disappearance is the longest reported kidnapping case in Spain’s history The case is featured in the Netflix true crime docuseries 900 Days Without Anabel Segura On April 12, 1993, 22-year-old Anabel Segura went for a jog in her quiet neighbourhood of La Moraleja — a suburb of Madrid , Spain What began as a routine morning exercise turned into one of Spain’s most notorious criminal cases Anabel was abducted during her morning run Emilio Muñoz Guadix and Candido Ortiz Aon forced her into their van at knifepoint The case quickly gained national attention Spanish authorities launched a massive manhunt to locate Anabel The kidnappers made contact with Anabel’s family initiating a tense period of negotiations that would last an agonizing 900 days Anabel was killed just six hours after her disappearance The kidnappers made 14 calls between 1993 and 1995 reportedly demanding up to 150 million pesetas (€900,000) from Anabel’s family Her parents even mortgaged their home to raise funds to both pay the ransom and offer a reward — the Spanish Interior Ministry also offered a reward The family received a recording the kidnapper claimed to be of Anabel’s voice The parents had the ransom money ready within two days Anabel’s body was finally discovered on September 30 The arrests were made partly due to media involvement after police released a recording of one of the kidnapper’s voices on TV The breakthrough in the case came when police arrested three suspects: Emilio Muñoz Guadix They were detained in a village in the Toledo province after a tip-off from a member of the public The suspects led police to Anabel’s remains in an abandoned warehouse near Toledo Emilio Muñoz Guadix was one of the individuals convicted for the kidnapping and murder of Anabel Segura He was sentenced to 43 years in prison for his role in this heinous crime following a ruling by the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) that affected the application of Spain’s Parot doctrine The Parot doctrine was a 2006 Spanish legal ruling that changed how prison sentences were calculated for serious offenders It applied sentence reductions to each individual crime rather than the overall sentence This controversial practice was later deemed a human rights violation and abandoned in 2013 — leading to Muñoz Guadix’s release Upon his release from the Herrera de La Mancha penitentiary The release of Muñoz Guadix was not due to a reevaluation of his crimes The ECHR ruling forced Spain’s judiciary to repeal the Parot doctrine The current whereabouts of Muñoz Guadix is not publicly known His last reported location was in 2013 when he was released from prison Netflix is set to release a groundbreaking documentary series titled 900 Days Without Anabel This series promises to offer an unprecedented look into the Anabel Segura case It also includes re-enactments and testimonies from Anabel’s relatives The three-part doc drops on Netflix on November 22 Click 'OK' then 'Allow' to enable notifications 22-year-old Anabel Segura was bundled into an unmarked van by two armed men while out jogging in her local Madrid neighbourhood It would take 900 days for both police and her family to discover the harrowing fate that befell the aspiring young business student in a chilling case that would haunt Spain to this day The story of Anabel's abduction is now being told for the very first time in a harrowing new Netflix documentary, which landed on the streaming service today (22 Nov) The three-part true-crime series sees Spanish police, criminal investigators, friends of the Segura family, members of the press and television presenters give interviews about their involvement in the case each revealing the heartbreaking ways it continues to affect them 30 years on A school janitor first reported Anabel’s abduction after witnessing it from further down the street claiming the woman fought back before the men managed to throw her into the back of a white van When police subsequently arrived at the scene, only her tracksuit top and Walkman were found discarded on the road With the traumatised janitor unable to recall anything about the men’s appearances the police were forced to wait for the kidnappers to get in touch They immediately believed Anabel was likely to be used for ransom since she and her parents all hailed from an affluent area of Spain the phone began ringing at the Segura residence where the family’s close friend and appointed lawyer A man's voice at the other end told him that, though Anabel was 'fine', they sought 150 million pesetas for her release After relying on friends and family to gather the money Escuredo - representing Anabel's parents José Segura Nájera and Sigrid Foles - reluctantly agreed and worked with the police to monitor the rural area that the kidnappers had demanded for the meeting with officers hidden around the agreed location who - during a later phone call to the Segura residence - said a nearby police helicopter had thwarted the deal the kidnappers continued calling - interchanging between two male voices - attempting to arrange another exchange They demanded the money be dropped at a restaurant in a second planned meet-up but when undercover police turned up to the scene they ordered the money be dropped on a road in the countryside the entire nation of Spain had caught wind of the case and regular protests advocating for women's safety were taking place across the country And despite the Segura family using this as a means of holding onto hope that Anabel was alive and well By this point - 70 days after her disappearance - the kidnappers hadn't yet given any indication regarding Anabel's wellbeing prompting Escuredo to demand on live television that a recording of her voice be delivered before they'd go ahead with any further arrangements upon which a woman could be heard informing listeners that she was alive Though police initially prayed that the recording would at least give the family some temporary peace of mind And after the number of calls being made by the kidnappers to the Segura property slowly began decreasing It was time to amp up the investigation by any means necessary with the next two years marking some of the most intense policing that Spanish officers had ever undergone Acoustic forensic officers were brought in to assess the records of the kidnappers' calls in the hope that this would determine clues about the two criminals behind Anabel's abduction - their age They picked up on the sound of a child saying and the sound of a 'ding-dong' doorbell in another Tracking down that one of the kidnappers' calls had been paid by a payphone in the nearby town of Vallecas testing out doorbells for the specific sound heard on the recording playing the recordings for inmates in the hope that they'd recognise either of the men who'd taken Anabel - tragically the Segura family hadn't heard a peep from kidnappers in several months It was time for another appeal from the public Recordings were played on the radio stations across at 10am every Saturday morning for several weeks - as well as on several popular television shows - in the hope that listeners would recognise one of the two voices A radio-listener had recognised one of the men's voices reporting to the police that it was a man he used to work with - the driver of a white van lived in a nearby neighbourhood with his wife and four children police followed this lead by surveilling him and tapping his phone Guadix made a call to his estranged brother This was the police's chance to firm up what they believed to be true - that Guadix was one of the men who'd kidnapped Anabel Segura Alfonso admitted that his sister-in-law - Guadix's wife - had revealed that he'd taken her and that she'd been the voice behind the forged recording Alfonso also said he believed one of Guadix's close friends - a man named Candido Ortiz Aon - likely helped with the crime It wasn't until they were in custody that Guadix's wife broke the news that the Segura family had been dreading for over two years - Anabel had been murdered Guadix and Aon went on to confess that they'd intended to use her to demand a ransom and upon bundling her into the van that day they drove her to an abandoned factory in the countryside the pair said Anabel threw herself out of the vehicle in the hope of escaping After realising that she'd be able to recall their appearances if she ever escaped again they strangled her and buried her body the same day they'd picked her up She'd been a hostage for a total of six hours before being killed In April 1995 - 900 days after she'd been kidnapped - Anabel Segura's body was retrieved from a factory site and returned to her family Emilio Muñoz Guadix and Candido Ortiz Aon had their prison time increased to 43 years Guadix was released in 2013 after just 18 years 900 Days Without Anabel/900 Días Sin Anabel is available to watch on Netflix Topics: TV And Film, Documentaries, Netflix, True Crime, Crime, News, World News Rhianna is an Entertainment Journalist at LADbible Group She has a Masters in News Journalism from the University of Salford and a Masters in Ancient History from the University of Edinburgh She previously worked as a Celebrity Reporter for OK is a true crime docuseries based on the 1993 kidnapping and murder of Anabel Segura in Spain The docuseries was released on Netflix on November 22 900 Days Without Anabel includes never-before-heard recordings of the kidnappers The docu-series is divided into three parts and shows how Segura's family was blackmailed for months under the false pretense of Anabel still being alive Anabel Segura was 22 years old and was a student who lived in an affluent area called Alcobendas Segura went on her morning jog and was kidnapped at knifepoint She tried to resist but failed and was thrown into a vehicle Her abduction was witnessed by a janitor at a local school who called the police but could not identify the vehicle due to poor eyesight The kidnappers held her hostage in an abandoned factory where they murdered her and buried her Emilio Munoz Guadix and Candido Ortiz Aon continued to ask Segura's family for ransom The culprits were later convicted of her murder after a public appeal The kidnappers reached the area where Segura was jogging in as they believed it was a "safe" bet to kidnap someone from a place where many well-to-do families reside they held her hostage at an abandoned factory They had initially intended to kidnap her and ask for ransom money She was then strangled to death and buried in the abandoned factory Emilio Munoz Guadix and Candido Ortiz Aon continued to ask Segura's family for a hefty ransom under the pretense of liberating her the kidnappers began calling her family for ransom the kidnappers called Segura's family 15 times and demanded a ransom in exchange for her safe return Emilio Munoz Guadix and Candido Ortiz Aon asked Segura's family for ransom multiple times This led to Segura's father putting his home on mortgage and offering millions of pesetas to anyone who had information on her whereabouts Her father also sought the help of private companies After asking Anabel Segura's family for money representatives of the family agreed to meet the kidnappers and pay them on two occasions but the kidnappers never showed up at the meeting points Three months after Anabel Segura's kidnapping Emilio Munoz Guadix and Candido Ortiz Aon sent her family a tape recording in which Segura's supposed voice stated that she was fine and wanted to be taken home safely to be with her family Segura's supposed voice also expressed that she wanted to see her family and told them this is what they had to do to put an end to this Her supposed voice went on to say how much she loved her family and said bye to her father Segura's supposed voice was later revealed to be the voice of Felisa Garcia who was the wife of Emilio Munoz Guadix Felisa Garcia agreed to record the fake tape recording after her husband requested her The kidnappers tried multiple times to extort ransom from Anabel Segura's family but failed Anabel Segura's body was found at the abandoned factory The culprits Emilio Munoz Guadix and Candido Ortiz Aon were caught after the tapes containing their and Segura's supposed voices were released publicly a resident of Escalona called the police and identified the voice of Candido Ortiz Aon saying it was Candi's voice Emilio Munoz Guadix and Candido Ortiz Aon were arrested along with Felisa Garcia 900 Days Without Anabel is available to stream on Netflix For more updates and stories on the latest shows residents from two towns cover each other in black grease during the annual Cascamorras festival The festival is held every year in the two Spanish cities of Baza and Guadix in Granada on Sep The tradition dates back to the 15th century when a worker from Guadix nicknamed Cascamorras discovered a statue of the Virgin of Piedad (Our Lady of Mercy) in an ancient church in Baza Baza authorities prevented him from taking the statue the city of Baza said the city of Guadix could take the statue on a specific day each year but only if its representative remained completely clean when they reached Baza’s Church of La Merced to pick up the statue Baza residents then try to stop the representative on the way by throwing paint – or in some versions of the tale flour and olive oil – on them to make them as dirty as possible The Cascamorras festival is a recreation of this medieval event a person dressed in a bright outfit called “Cascamorras” travels three kilometers from Guadix to Baza on Sep The Cascamorras waves a banner to symbolize the statue of the Virgin of Piedad and taunts the residents of Baza residents from Baza follow Cascamorras and try to stain him using black grease prompting him to return to Guadix unsuccessful in his mission to retrieve the statue three days later on Sep the Cascamorras festival was declared a Festival of International Tourist Interest in Spain The decision will cover two public universities and all seven government-run training centers in the country Bain said he didn’t come out to make an impact on the K-pop industry and had simply wanted to share his true self and be authentic with his fans the DRC and M23 said in a surprise announcement that after a round of negotiations in Qatar they had agreed to pause fighting and work towards a broader peace deal Francis consistently called for an “open church able to become close to each person and to heal the wounds of those who suffer.”