Please enable JS and disable any ad blocker
GI Jews: Jewish Americans in World War II
Fort Marcy and Jorge Velasquez winning the 1970 Washington DC International from Arc third Miss Dan and a field that included other top EuropeansAs much fun as they have in the dirt races of the Breeders’ Cup
American owners and trainers must get tired of being knocked around by a variety of Europeans on the grass
The Breeders’ Cup Turf has been an especially dry hole for domestic runners
who ran true to recent history in the 2020 renewal at Keeneland on November 7 when the best the U.S
team could do was Channel Maker’s third-place finish to Tarnawa and Magical
when Kalanisi won the Turf for the Aga Khan
fillies and mares have won 17 versions of the Turf (recall there were two winners in 2003 when Ireland’s High Chaparral finished in a dead-heat with the California-trained Johar).
Europeans also managed ten seconds and ten thirds in this century
leaving enough tempting crumbs for the domestics to keep coming back to the Turf for more abuse
only three American trainers in this century have had what could be generously defined as consistent success in the Turf
Chad Brown won the race with Bricks And Mortar in 2019 and hit the board with three others
who celebrated that 2003 dead-heat with Johar
had two seconds and a third in recent years
who won the Turf in 2004 with Better Talk Now and again in 2014 with Main Sequence
and spent his formative years in Newmarket before the family moved to Virginia
After apprenticeships with Jonathan Sheppard
In addition to Kentucky Derby and Dubai World Cup winner Animal Kingdom
he prepared both of his Turf winners at the Fair Hill Training Center in northern Maryland
and he sees no mystery in their success being the exception to the European rule
“I don’t think it’s that complicated,” Motion said
I’m not likely to try and take them on at a mile and a half
Wesley Ward will take his 2-year-olds there
Even going over there with Animal Kingdom to run a mile and a quarter
because you’re taking them on at their own game
And because most horses travel well these days
they bring their game quite successfully over here.”
home-grown American turf horses like Round Table
Kitten’s Joy and English Channel established respectable reputations over a route of ground and took on a variety of Europeans at their own game.
who was bred and raced for the American financier and philanthropist
Army fortress built in 1862 on a Virginia hilltop that served as a tactical vantage point for Union troops defending nearby Washington DC
The fort itself was named for Captain Randolph Barnes Marcy
chief-of-staff to General George McClellan and author of the popular guidebook
According to historian William H P Robertson
Amerigo came to the States from his native England with a reputation as “an arrant rogue
a horse so temperamentally unsatisfactory as to be practically worthless for racing purposes”
Trainer Harris Brown got to the bottom of Amerigo by running him as often as possible
he came within a nose and a head of winning the Santa Anita Handicap
and then 12 days later won the San Juan Capistrano by a nose
That’s three miles of real estate between the two
Amerigo was a gorgeous chestnut with three stockings and a stylish star
vulgar looking brute at three” who struggled through the allowance ranks well into 1967
This explains why Mellon put him through a paddock sale at Belmont Park
which was good luck for an owner who didn’t need any.
Elliott Burch gave a maturing Fort Marcy a fresh start in stakes competition on the grass
and by the end of 1967 all the cylinders were firing when he defeated fellow 3-year-old Damascus
who was already assured of Horse of the Year
by a nose in the Washington DC International
and if you beat him you knew you were in a battle.
Fort Marcy’s hallmark 1970 campaign began quietly in the East then shifted West for the narrowest possible losses in the San Juan Capistrano and Century Handicaps
There followed wins at Pimlico and Belmont
and then a banner fall during which Fort Marcy won the United Nations by five and the Man o’ War by a measured length and three-quarters over Travers winner Loud
Jorge Velasquez had become Fort Marcy’s regular companion
Their 1970 record through the Man o’ War read 4-4-1 in nine stakes on the grass
“He was definitely one of the best grass horses I ever rode,” said Velasquez
looking back on a Hall of Fame career that included turf champions Hawaii and Bowl Game
“I remember winning a race with him going a mile on the dirt once at Aqueduct
When he switched from the dirt to the grass
it was like going from driving a Datsun to a Cadillac
I bought a new Cadillac every year.”
Velasquez brought up Fort Marcy’s performance in the 1970 Washington DC International as perhaps their finest hour
the Veterans Day feature was the richest grass race offered that year in North America.
by Laurel Racecourse president John D Shapiro
International fields were every bit as star-studded as those that have gathered for the Breeders’ Cup Turf
since the starting berths were by coveted invitation only
and the selection committee had the known racing world from which to choose.
The group of ten that gathered half a century ago for the 19th running of the International was typically deep
Shapiro could not get the two top European stars – Nijinsky and Sassafras – but he attracted most of the next bests
who defeated Triple Crown winner Nijinsky in the Champion Stakes at Ascot; Beaugency
the Prix Hocquart winner who was second to Lorenzaccio in the Prix Foy; and Bucuco
the Italian star who suffered a rare defeat when second to Beaugency in the Gran Premio di Milano
Also accepting Laurel’s invitation was Canadian darling Fanfreluche
winner of the Alabama Stakes; German star Cortez
winner of the Preis von Europa; and Miss Dan
the 3-year-old French filly who finished a rousing third in the Arc de Triomphe behind Sassafras and Nijinsky
In the name of maintaining goodwill in the Western Hemisphere
there also were representatives from Venezuela (Senador) and Uruguay (Sol de Noche)
A stormy November softened the Laurel ground
lending some comfort to the Europeans but guaranteeing no advantage over Fort Marcy
who never needed to carry his track when he traveled
the real challenge was getting his jockey there on time
“When I got to the airport that day in New York
it started snowing so hard that I thought they were going to cancel the flight,” Velazquez began
I called the track to tell them what was happening
and the clerk of scales said he would wait as long as possible
and I got there,” Velasquez continued
with their saddles on and Vince Bracciale there ready to ride Fort Marcy.”
Clearly a place-holder while officials sweated out the arrival of Velasquez
Bracciale was an apprentice at the time who had won his first race just two months before
if that cab had missed a few stoplights …
“I ran into the jocks room and changed as fast as I could
then ran to the paddock,” Velasquez said
I’m here.’ He took off the colors and gave them to me right there in the paddock.”
the race itself was in jeopardy of being anticlimactic
but Fort Marcy gave the holiday fans a good show
Beaugency never handled the ground and was eased by Freddy Head
Bill Shoemaker had his hands full keeping the big
turf-pounding Fiddle Isle from losing his balance
Lorenzaccio and Lester Piggott stayed with Fanfreluche and Ron Turcotte for the first mile
at which point they both were passed by the nimble Fort Marcy.
running fourth or fifth,” Velasquez recalled
He just went by them and won as he pleased.”
The white-faced Miss Dan gave valiant pursuit
but at the merciful end of 12 tiring furlongs in 2:42⅘
it was Fort Marcy by a length over the filly and Alfred Gibert
while Bacuco galloped past exhausted horses to finish third
Fort Marcy’s victory in the 1970 International was only his fifth of the season from 13 starts
Those five all were important stakes – including the United Nations and the Bowling Green – in which the gelding usually carried topweight.
Stir in four other significant stakes placings and career earnings that crested $1 million
and the case was convincing enough to bestow Horse of the Year honors upon Fort Marcy by the voters of Daily Racing Form
the representatives of the Thoroughbred Racing Associations chose Preakness and Woodward Stakes winner Personality as their Horse of the Year (he was 8-for-18 on the season)
The result of the family squabble was the creation of the unified Eclipse Awards in 1971
The 1970 International was Fort Marcy’s last great hurrah
His 1971 campaign was pockmarked by another cluster of near misses and a disqualification from an otherwise easy win in the Dixie Handicap
Fort Marcy was retired to a life of leisure at his owner’s Virginia farm and died there in August of 1991
Seven years later he joined Velasquez in the Thoroughbred racing Hall of Fame
never forgot Fort Marcy’s International
Asked if he offered young Bracciale a token of consolation for his part in the drama
“It was my mount,” Velasquez said
This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks
The action you just performed triggered the security solution
There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase
You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked
Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page
SubscriptionOffers
Give a Gift
Subscribe
Richard Cavendish marks the anniversary of a royal marriage
forceful and determined people could hardly have been matched
had already been queen of France for fifteen years through her first marriage and by her second she would soon be queen of England
highly intelligent and accustomed to having her own way
She had inherited her father’s enormous estates in her teens on his death in 1137 and her first husband
went on crusade with him and ordered him about until her infidelities and her failure to produce an heir proved too much
The marriage was annulled in March 1152 on grounds of consanguinity
The annulment gave Eleanor back Aquitaine and Poitou
which she took with her eight weeks later to Henry
she was just as closely related as she had been to Louis
a man of electric energy and ferocious impatience
compelling charm and an ungovernable temper
He was ruthless when crossed and some of his contemporaries uneasily credited the story that his family
were descended from the Devil – a tale that the Plantagenets themselves delighted to encourage
It was rumoured that the bride and groom had anticipated the ceremony and there was also a story that she had known the groom’s late father
considerably better than she should have done
As soon as the French archbishops had formally annulled her marriage on March 21st
Eleanor left the royal castle at Beaugency on the Loire
dodged an attempt to seize her by the Count of Blois and took a barge along the river towards Tours with an escort of her own men
she avoided an ambush set by Henry’s young brother Geoffrey
who hoped to advance his ambitions by marrying her himself
and arrived safely at her own capital of Poitiers
She immediately sent word to Henry to come promptly and marry her
and meanwhile summoned her principal vassals to renew their allegiance to her as Duchess of Aquitaine
Henry joined her in Poitiers and they were married in the cathedral on Whit Sunday in a simple ceremony with none of the pomp and splendour that might have been expected
Among those startled by this development was King Louis
who was furious that neither party had asked his consent
confessed himself uncertain whether the marriage was a matter of sudden impulse or careful premeditation
suspects that Eleanor and Henry had been plotting since they met in Paris the previous summer and that Eleanor had deliberately encouraged the annulment of her marriage to Louis
when Henry succeeded to the throne of England in 1154
the effect was to give the rulers of England a domain in France stretching from the English Channel to the Pyrenees and covering ten times as much of the country as the French kings themselves possessed
The consequences for the subsequent history of English ambitions in France were profound
Over the next twelve years Eleanor bore Henry five sons and three daughters
She played a prominent part in government and a patron’s role in the development of both troubadour poetry and the Arthurian legends
She may well have encouraged her sons to rebel against their father in 1173 and after that he kept her penned up as a prisoner in England until he died in 1189
Under both Richard and John she was active in matters of state and she died eventually in a nunnery at Fontrevault in Anjou in her early eighties in 1204
having been for much of a lifetime probably the most powerful woman in Europe
By submitting the above I agree to the privacy policy and terms of use of JTA.org
A new PBS documentary digs into the stories of some of the 550,000 or so American Jews who served in the war
(JTA) — “GI Jews: Jewish Americans in World War II” begins as many Holocaust documentaries do
with a history of the rise of Hitler and Nazism in Germany mixed with what is now standard archival footage of Brownshirts and Kristallnacht
Throw in interviews with some Jewish celebrities — in this case
Carl Reiner and his friend Mel Brooks wearing his old Army jacket — and it has all the workings of a typical PBS documentary
weren’t only fighting Nazis during the war — they had to battle the anti-Semitic prejudice of many of their fellow soldiers
A few had experienced anti-Semitism at home already in the form of “Gentiles Only” signs
which were found at some public facilities across the country
one of the 10,000 Jewish women who enlisted
recalled a more personal incident in public school: “Suddenly kids weren’t playing with me
‘The teacher told us you’re a Jew and we’re not supposed to play with you.’”
these soldiers were immigrants or the children of immigrants who lived in largely Jewish urban areas
and it was a major culture shock for them to suddenly hear anti-Semitic slurs from their peers
a Jewish Marine chaplain assigned to accompany combat units was asked to conduct an interfaith service following the battle of Iwo Jima — until his fellow chaplains objected
forcing the military to conduct three separate services
Jewish soldiers of the 329th Infantry at Rosh Hashanah services
(Courtesy of the National Museum of American Jewish Military History)
Some friendships formed across religious lines
a senior noncommissioned officer in a German prisoner of war camp
When the camp commander ordered all the Jews to step forward
and when the war comes to an end you will be tried as a war criminal.”
and Edmonds was subsequently the first American soldier recognized at Yad Vashem as a Righteous Among the Nations
The documentary is timely as anti-Semitism is on the rise throughout the world
Roddie Edmonds was honored by Yad Vashem for sticking up for Jews in a German POW camp
“I was actually working on another documentary [where] I had interviewed Jewish veterans and I started to hear stories about the anti-Semitism they’d experienced in barracks when they went [to Army camps] down south
and what it was like to serve in the war as Jews,” Jewish filmmaker Lisa Ades told JTA
“I felt this was a story that had never been told
by historian Deborah Dash Moore (a senior adviser on the film) in her 2004 book
also titled “GI Jews,” but Ades saw an opportunity to bring it to a larger audience
“We had to get these stories on tape while the veterans were still alive,” Ades said
They never had a chance to tell their stories before
JTA has documented Jewish history in real-time for over a century
Keep our journalism strong by joining us in supporting independent
I accept the Privacy Policy
EL PAÍS rode with a veteran Spanish truck driver for four days through France and the UK and found that driving a truck is not only unromantic
Lázaro Bermejo arrives with his refrigerator truck at the Beaugency-Messas service area near Blois
This service area is no different from any other
Lázaro left the southeastern Spanish region of Murcia two days ago with 24,000 kilograms of grapes that must be delivered undamaged by Friday near Cambridge in the United Kingdom
He parks behind the gas station next to another huge truck that has its cabin curtain drawn
The routine is the same tonight as every other night
It’s the second time he’s watched the series
Lázaro is 51 and has been traveling roads and highways like this one for 24 years
During his career as a truck driver, there have been a few incidents: once, years ago, near a French gas station, an immigrant hid under his vehicle in a bid to enter the UK and was spotted by French police; another time
his diesel and heater pipes froze and he had to spend the whole night in the freezing cold without the option of moving from the parking lot; and once
he had an accident – his only one – hitting a car while changing lanes
The car was dragged for around 10 meters but the driver was unhurt
Time is measured by the boring passage of kilometers and hours; by the cups of coffee drunk alone in gas station cafeterias and by visits to industrial parks to drop off or pick up freight
always sitting up here?’ You dwell on things like that.”
The harsh reality of this profession explains the lack of international truck drivers. It is a shortage that is exacerbated when the economy grows
An August report by the British consultancy Transport Intelligence puts European demand for truck drivers over the next few years at 400,000
The UK will need between 60,000 and 76,000 due to circumstance brought about by Brexit; Germany will require between 45,000 and 60,000 and France
Spain is going to have to recruit more than 15,000
Lázaro washes his face in the service area washrooms
He gets a coffee from the gas station cafeteria but has nothing to eat – he doesn’t like to eat in the morning
He looks tired and has dark circles under his eyes
There are other times when he falls asleep in the driver’s seat
with his legs up and the computer playing episodes of Breaking Bad in a loop
deputy secretary general of the General Confederation of Freight Transportation (CGTM)
blames the nature of the profession for the lack of drivers
prefer to earn less and drive delivery vans around town so they can sleep at home
“International truck drivers can earn about €3,000,” he says
“Those delivering local packages in vans may earn €1,500 or less
Long-distance truckers also have to deal with the lack of security at service areas
drivers are forced to unload the goods themselves after nine hours of driving.”
sometimes singer- songwriters like Raphael
or else he turns on the radio to listen to sports news
Alternatively he talks on the phone with his wife
listening only to the voice of his navigator that guides him north
driving through Paris is taking longer than expected
they spray you through the gap in the window
My colleague saw them come in but he was dazed
And he couldn’t do anything about it.” Since hearing about that incident
Lázaro has been thinking about installing a special lock
But he says there are others who earn less
the average salary is €50,000 a year and in the UK it is €59,000
Lázaro is reasonably satisfied with his salary
That’s why he signed up all those years ago and is still doing the job
I had the choice of either picking lemons and earning €1,000 or driving a truck and earning more
At first I thought I would stay on for a few years and quit
Lázaro goes through Calais and the Channel Tunnel, passing the new customs checks before entering the UK
He pushes his mileage quota to the limit to reach a parking area for trucks located within the Cambridge Services rest area
There are about 200 trucks lined up in two rows
One of the parking lot attendants speaks some Spanish and Lázaro
There is a shower service and a 24-hour Burger King
Lázaro has already taken his load to a depot on the outskirts of Huntingdon
but Lázaro has only seen the ugly industrial part of it – the part that looks like all the ugly parts of all the cities in the world
a company named Fuentes Group that owns 500 trucks
orders him to return quickly to Calais to meet a truck coming from the Netherlands with a load of flowers that must arrive in the Spanish city of Valencia by Sunday
Meeting this delivery schedule requires a relay race for three refrigerator trucks coordinated from company headquarters in Murcia
Antonio Fuentes is director of logistics and operations at Grupo Fuentes
He is also one of the five siblings now running a company that was established by their father
Antonio is ultimately responsible for coordinating these 500 trucks
which are almost constantly on the road in Europe
This is why Lázaro receives an instant order to drive down to Calais
“Anyone who spends several days in a truck can understand the shortage of drivers,” he says
Again Lázaro has to contend with the hated UK roads before crossing the border again in the opposite direction
He eats a hamburger at the Channel Tunnel that costs €1 thanks to a discount for truck drivers
the two Fuentes Group truckers meet up at 3pm
Sergio León brings the flowers from the Dutch city of Aalsmeer
León returns to the Netherlands with an empty trailer for more flowers
He pushes the permitted nine hours so hard that he can’t find a service area with a gas station and a cafeteria
and is forced to stop at a lay-by at kilometer 27.7 of the N-10 road
19 kilometers from Chartres; he is literally in the middle of nowhere
there is a tourist show underway consisting of lights projected on the imposing facade of the cathedral
Lázaro tries to sleep despite the trucks that rock his cabin as they pass by
Lázaro washes himself with water from a container
He drinks coffee that he has made himself in a coffee pot and sets off into the fog at 7am on an empty stomach
He has to get as far south as possible to swap trailers again with another Fuentes Group trucker coming from Spain who will head back to Valencia
Having completed six consecutive days of work
Lázaro will then have to stop to rest for 24 hours in a service area when night falls
Juan José Gil, secretary general of the National Federation of Spanish Transportation Associations (Fenadismer), says that the profession no longer appeals so much to those with a sense of adventure and an urge to see the world. “Now young people can do that in a different way with cheap flights,” he says
“We have to look for other incentives to make this profession attractive again.” Michael Clover
adds that measures should be taken to increase safety in the service areas
raise bonuses for truckers and rely more on technology to make each trip more profitable
But Lázaro hasn’t revealed the whole story
As he drives along a French highway at his usual 90 kilometers per hour
he admits that living on the road has certain advantages
When you’re driving alone – and I do like to go alone in spite of everything – it’s like you have a different life
besides the life you have with your wife and daughters at home
He parks at 6pm at a service area on the A-10
and waits for the third trucker in the relay
Lázaro will stay put for the 24 mandatory hours
maybe cook something on a stove by the side of the truck
He might even find a Spaniard to chat with and
Then he’ll get word of his next job at another destination
and the whole process will start all over again