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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — The father of a Point Loma teen is mourning the unexpected loss of his daughter
tragically ended her life on Friday on campus while a school football game was happening nearby
hoping his daughter's story would help other parents and young teens
and school staff honored the 17-year-old during a memorial on campus
Bernay says his family never saw any warning signs that his daughter was struggling until finding a diary entry after her passing
the school principal notified the school community about Italia's death
offering resources to parents and teachers about how to talk to their students about the tragedy and how to process it
The letter also states that mental health professionals will be on-site for support throughout the week
Bernay hopes his daughter's loss will remind parents to check in with their children more often and ensure they are OK
They made a comment to me today that her energy
Italia's family is raising money to help with her funeral expenses
If you or someone you know is experiencing a crisis
The marketing landscape is evolving at breakneck speed
Blink and you’ll miss the trend that just overtook yesterday’s viral moment
As someone who’s spent more than 15 years navigating this world
I can safely say this: the brands that will thrive aren’t the ones shouting the loudest
and AI are no longer just accessories to marketing; they are marketing
the more we seem to lose touch with the one thing that makes all this worth it: real
We’ve shortened our thoughts to character limits
unapologetic and purpose-driven; and I can safely guarantee that they’re more than just dancers on TikTok
They’ve redefined what it means to connect
can actually be the key to become better marketers
and be okay with not having all the answers
But here’s the truth: there’s never been a more thrilling time to be in marketing today
Great communication has always been part science
AI has entered the chat like an overachieving intern with unlimited potential
Large Language Models (LLMs) are writing headlines
But here’s the catch: what worked this morning might be irrelevant by dinner
Brands aren’t falling short because they’re uninspired
They’re falling short because they stopped listening after the first applause
The real power in leadership and effective management lies in listening up
broken partnerships; strip back the layers and there’s often one root cause: someone stopped listening
and the humility to accept you don’t have all the answers — and that maybe
Starting with the Marvel Cinematic Universe
while you may throw “Green Lantern” at us; we’ll always have “The Dark Knight”)
I have to give it up to the Marvel Cinematic Universe
every post-credit tease has been shaped by fan feedback
their message is almost always the same: “We listened.” That’s not a slogan
It’s how they managed to build a multi-billion-dollar cultural empire while turning comic book nerds into global tastemakers
Why go global when the proof is right here at home
Some of the UAE’s most iconic brands — Majid Al Futtaim
and beyond — have built their legacy not just on premium experiences
They’ve mastered the art of turning feedback into action
only comes when your audience knows they’ve been heard
This is exactly what we aimed to capture with the Nissan KICKS Starters campaign: a bold
collaborative initiative launched by Arabian Automobiles Company (AAC) and TBWA\RAAD with a simple but radical idea: What if we let Gen Z do the marketing
and something most brands don’t offer often enough
They worked with AI personas they created (yes
attended strategy and content workshops on TikTok and SnapChat
and then stepped up and owned the campaign themselves
And the part that was inspiring was how we witnessed the next generation of storytellers step up and shape the future right in front of us
In a regional first, we led the Middle East’s first podcast interview between a human and an AI character
produced in collaboration with Campaign Middle East and TBWA/RAAD
But to do something wildly radical in this business: work together for a bigger purpose
One I’m deeply proud to have created and led (sorry TBWA\RAAD
I realise that we as marketers have more tools
But real communication still comes down to something timeless: listening
The kind who are sitting in classrooms today and leading boardrooms tomorrow
every single participant walked away with something more valuable: the power to tell stories that matter
we walked away with something we often overlook
But the brands that win tomorrow will be the ones that still know how to sit down
So here’s your marketing checklist for the future: less ego
Because the future of marketing doesn’t belong to those who speak first
By Mousa Nimer, Account Director, Cicero & Bernay
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The Paul Bernays Lectures are an annual lecture series about the philosophy of the exact sciences
The series is established in honour of the eminent logician
mathematician as well as philosopher of logic and mathematics Paul Bernays who was engaged in teaching and research at ETH Zurich from 1934 to 1959
The series was founded in 2012 by the now emeritus philosopher Giovanni Sommaruga (D-GESS)
The theme of this year’s Paul Bernays Lectures is: «Information processing at the quantum scale with superconducting circuits»
Professor of Physics at the University of California Santa Barbara and Chief Scientist at Google Quantum AI
The lectures will take place at ETH Zurich Zentrum and Hönggerberg Campus:
All lectures are given in English and the first lecture is aimed at a general audience
The recordings of the Paul Bernays Lectures are available on the ETH Zurich Video Portal
Would you like to always receive the most important internal information and news from ETH Zurich? Then subscribe to the "internal news" newsletter and visit Staffnet
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I have some very good memories of San Angelo
I still remember the Holiday Inn Holidome I enjoyed as a kid
with its indoor pool and miniature golf course
Later in life I had a fun fishing trip nearby with friends
And even later a business trip where I experienced Zentner’s Daughter Steakhouse for the first time
A co-worker suggested we have dinner there after an Angelo State University ring ceremony
having heard of the place but had never been
It was one of those memorable meals that made being away from home for business more palatable
my best all-time San Angelo memory will be what transpired in late December
Jim Douglass in the alumni office asked if I wanted to make the 3.5-hour drive with him to eat at Zentner’s
before learning that the longtime restaurant was closing its doors for good at the end of the year
We left the Hub City early for an extended lunch engagement with the legendary caretakers of this popular steakhouse and its 70-year story in Texas
wasn’t feeling well and couldn’t join us but her husband
Bernay had reserved for us a round table in a room with a few remaining Red Raider relics
Though he doesn’t get around as easily as before
Bernay still wields his influence by summoning an overflowing plate of mouth-watering onion rings to help grease our conversation
full of stories and reflections over their 47 years with the restaurant on Knickerbocker Road
never thinking about attending elsewhere as Tech is where all of his cousins had attended
if helping to run a steak house isn’t ag economics
stories and continued connections with Tech are rich and unending
before a patron stopped by to pat him on the shoulder
to say hello and to thank them for all their years of serving it up in San Angelo
his humility and his genuine gratitude for the friendships they’ve established along with the thousands they’ve served
“not a cook,” who had been there for 40 years
Along with other loyal employees who had been part of the restaurant’s family for more than 30 years
this made their decision to close all the tougher
With Bernay at 82 years and Betty ten years younger
they’re ready to rest and focus more on family
including a great-granddaughter who has stolen Bernay’s heart
With a long tradition of serving and supporting the school he loves
many of his stories centered on Tech athletics
Spike Dykes was a good friend and regular patron
as was Mike Leach who once devoted much of his podcast about the steakhouse from his back porch in Key West
Bernay pointed to a poster of the Red Raider baseball team
expressing his appreciation for coach Tim Tadlock and the times they’ve fed his teams
it’s moments like these I don’t want to forget - the opportunity to get better acquainted with such legendary Techsans
but it wasn’t until just recently that I met Bernay and some of his family
as he and Zentner’s Daughter have served countless alumni over the years
The Sheffields are One of Us and are a couple of Pearls on the Concho
Curt Langford is president and CEO of the Texas Tech Alumni Association
The Oldenburg licensed breeding stallion and Grand Prix dressage horse Bernay has died unexpectedly on 15 August 2020
Bernay was a 2011 born Rhinelander stallion by Boston out of Lady Leatherdal (by Lord Loxley x Ferragamo x Anmarsch)
He was bred by Werner Pleines and owned by Gestut Sprehe
Bernay was first licensed at the 2013 Westfalian Stallion Licensing in Munster-Handorf
He did his 30-day stallion performance test in Munster in November 2014 and scored 8.06 for dressage and 6.73 for show jumping to finish on a total of 7.57 points
He made his show debut in 2015 under Hermann Gerdes to help the stallion secure its licensed status through sport
Gerdes rode the stallion in just four local shows between the autumn of 2015 and the summer of 2016
With the arrival of Australian Simone Pearce at Gestut Sprehe
Georges at the CDI Exloo and in July 2020 made his Intermediaire II debut at the local show in Vreschen-Bokel
where they won and were second in two Inter 2 tests
As a breeding stallion Bernay had just begun to make his mark
but could already boast no less than 14 licensed sons
including the 2018 Mecklenburger licensing champion Beau Noir
the otherwise very healthy stallion suffered a hoof problem
Unfortunatey Bernay developed an unexpected total system failure
very devastated,” Pearce told Eurodressage
Stalls for Rent at Durondeau Dressage in Peer, Belgium
Exceptionally Well Located Equestrian Facility in Wellington, Florida
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Stable Units for Rent at Lotje Schoots' Equestrian Center in Houten (NED)
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Real Estate: Well-Appointed Country House with Extensive Equestrian Facility in the U.K.
Rémi Blot
The reality is far more fluid; the passage of time is continuous
and the lifespan of the spaces and tools we interact with reflects this
Platforms we rely on today are built on histories and choices
making their evolution inevitable: the ongoing conversation around behaviour and trust in social media is a perfect example
and technological shift nudges us closer to important turning points
One pivotal moment came when users left X en masse
The divisive reactions his arrival sparked highlight the deep emotional connections people have with these arenas
connections that are essential to maintaining their relevance
While Threads made an ambitious attempt to take over the space
intriguing identity centered around storytelling
This evolution shows how platforms must (and will) continually adapt to meet the changing demands and values of their users
The revelations about social media networks deliberately suppressing certain content have become central to discussions about integrity lately
and their role in riots and unrest elsewhere has sparked further debate
Instagram has maintained its user base and even taken on a more valued role in disseminating information during crises
we can expect richer metadata to surface around user behaviours and platform choices
especially as they are driven by the vivid emotions that world events have brought up
Traditional news outlets are increasingly being overshadowed by these mediums
youth-led news services like blinx and such have successfully stepped in to fill the gaps left by mainstream media
users will likely become even more entrenched in their chosen digital routines
we can’t ignore the possibility of a seismic shift brought on by AI
A major artificially intelligent innovation or add-on could emerge on one of these platforms
drawing attention and reshaping the landscape entirely
while no longer dominating the conversation
has shown resilience by engaging its core users and staying ahead of the curve in terms of technological enhancements
Updates emerge with regularity about the exciting developments they are making
The much-anticipated augmented reality Meta world we were supposed to be living in by now never materialised
Facebook’s role in this unrealised future didn’t become clear in 2024
What we can say is that its rivals are showing that smaller
user-focused innovations are what these trend-leading generations demand
As Google continues to cling to its Chrome cookies
requiring marketers to adapt swiftly to ensure resonance
our future is tightly tied to the future of digital habits
much will depend on how these channels respond to users’ demands
While we may be checking off a new year on the calendar
the atmosphere will likely feel very familiar
leaving us to wonder if it’s us or them who have truly changed
one of my most inspiring moments has been seeing C&B achieve a 95 per cent client retention rate
There’s no greater accomplishment than the value clients attribute to our efforts
continuously reminding us of the purpose behind every project we undertake
Shift from intuition to data-driven decisions
have been around art and artists all their lives
Paula and Lou Friedman's new art gallery in Great Barrington
takes over the space formerly occupied by Lauren Clark Fine Art
Sculptures by Joe Neill at Bernay Fine Art
Warner Friedman - father of the sibling owners of Bernay Fine Art - frames a landscape scene with an architectural structure
art and artists surrounded Lou and Paula Friedman
turned part of an old Sheffield church into a painting studio that prompted some of his most inventive pals to visit the Berkshires
"All the artists would come up and spend the weekend and get away
the creative realm Warner first fostered decades ago is inspiring his children to fashion their own
Bernay Fine Art's sibling owners and directors open their first show at the 325 Stockbridge Road gallery previously occupied by Lauren Clark Fine Art
the exhibition will be up through April 20
(An opening reception was scheduled for Saturday
from 5 to 7 p.m.) The show draws from Warner's circle
but also represents his children's artistic interests
but they had very strong ideas of their own," Warner said
Lou and Paula share an interest in realism as well as ceramics
visitors will encounter Byers' eight porcelain forms
I thought they were a picture of a seashell," Lou said
Wisconsin-based Byers has had work on display at the American Craft Exposition in Chicago
where Paula used to live and where she founded Bernay Fine Art
"It was sort of just dabbling," Paula said
She had always wanted to run a public gallery
resident began exploring potential spaces with Lou
The Wall Street banker had been helping his father make cartons for his paintings
which were selling at a rate of four or five per month
The former Lauren Clark Fine Art gallery was the perfect fit for them
"There's so much going on around here now," Lou said
Bernay Fine Art will specialize in American and European artists focused in painting
"I'm delighted," Warner said of the endeavor
"I think they have a great deal of respect for art and artists."
A walk through the gallery with Lou on Monday supported that notion
Neill's homages to towers had caught Lou's attention
"SomewhereThree," with dozens of rising shapes carved into its top
"PrivatePlacesFive," consisting of India ink and paint on cardboard
Neill lives in Paris and has had sculptures on view outside of the Louvre Museum
Lee photographer Ricci had a few works nearby
He captured winches and lobster traps at a commercial fishing port as part of his "Wave" collection
"Wonderland" includes a Ferris wheel and other amusement park attractions
"It just made it a little bit more surreal," Lou said of the photo's timing
"He's got a great way of capturing the light."
Hess' series of urban landscape paintings are even more vibrant
Calif.-based artist's pieces focus on graffiti
She painted a piece of graffiti on one of Warner's works when she was living in the Berkshires
"She had a severe urban decay period where she did these pieces
Egremont resident Goldberg's crushed-can paintings stem from his time living in Brooklyn's Williamsburg neighborhood after moving to the U.S
"He noticed that these crushed cans were radiating out of this mess of garbage [in the streets]
Great Barrington still life painter Rickus uses fruits
which is kind of a unique way of doing it," Lou said
placing the objects on a table under a north-facing window
In "Safe Harbor," a 96-inch-by-56-inch acrylic on a shaped canvas
the viewer spots some docked sailboats through a porch's columns
Warner typically frames a landscape scene with an architectural structure
rather than use a rectangle [as the canvas]
I thought it lent a drama to it," Warner said
The artist incorporates his engineering background into his work
you have to factor in the fact that things are smaller in the distance
he figures out in decimals how much smaller going back," Lou said
"It was a really interesting thing that I learned about him."
Lou is excited to be spending the majority of the year in his home county
His sister will join him for much of the summer
"I'm happy to be back in the Berkshires," he said
I think there's a lot of room for growth."
Benjamin Cassidy can be reached at bcassidy@berkshireeagle.com
at @bybencassidy on Twitter and 413-496-6251
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“The most interesting man in the world.” “Reach out and touch someone.” “Finger-lickin’ good.” Such advertising slogans have become fixtures of American culture
and each year millions now tune into the Super Bowl as much for the ads as for the football
While no single person can claim exclusive credit for the ascendancy of advertising in American life
no one deserves credit more than a man most of us have never heard of: Edward Bernays
I first encountered Bernays through an article I was writing on propaganda
and it quickly became clear that he was one of the 20th century’s foremost salesmen of ideas
The fact that 20 years have elapsed since his death provides a fitting opportunity to reexamine his legacy
Often referred to as “the father of public relations,” Bernays in 1928 published his seminal work, Propaganda
in which he argued that public relations is not a gimmick but a necessity:
The conscious and intelligent manipulation of the organized habits and opinions of the masses is an important element in democratic society
Those who manipulate this unseen mechanism of society constitute an invisible government which is the true ruling power of our country
It is they who pull the wires that control the public mind
the year Sigmund Freud published one of his earliest papers
Bernays was also Freud’s nephew twice over
The year after his birth, the Bernays family moved to New York, and Bernays later graduated from Cornell with a degree in agriculture. But instead of farming, he chose a career in journalism, eventually helping the Woodrow Wilson Administration promote the idea that US efforts in World War I were intended to bring democracy to Europe
Having seen how effective propaganda could be during war
Bernays wondered whether it might prove equally useful during peacetime
Yet propaganda had acquired a somewhat pejorative connotation (which would be further magnified during World War II)
so Bernays promoted the term “public relations.”
Drawing on the insights of his Uncle Sigmund – a relationship Bernays was always quick to mention – he developed an approach he dubbed “the engineering of consent.” He provided leaders the means to “control and regiment the masses according to our will without their knowing about it.” To do so
it was necessary to appeal not to the rational part of the mind
Bernays acquired an impressive list of clients
ranging from manufacturers such as General Electric
to media outlets like CBS and even politicians such as Calvin Coolidge
To counteract President Coolidge’s stiff image
Bernays organized “pancake breakfasts” and White House concerts with Al Jolson and other Broadway performers
Bernays’ publicity campaigns were the stuff of legend
To overcome “sales resistance” to cigarette smoking among women
Bernays staged a demonstration at the 1929 Easter parade
having fashionable young women flaunt their “torches of freedom.”
He promoted Lucky Strikes by convincing women that the forest green hue of the cigarette pack was among the most fashionable of colors
The success of this effort was manifested in innumerable window displays and fashion shows
he promoted cigarettes as both soothing to the throat and slimming to the waistline
Bernays was attempting to persuade his wife to kick the habit
When would find a pack of her Parliaments in their home
he would snap every one of them in half and throw them in the toilet
While promoting cigarettes as soothing and slimming
was aware of some of the early studies linking smoking to cancer
Bernays used the same techniques on children
To convince kids that bathing could be fun
he sponsored soap sculpture competitions and floating contests
These were designed to prove that Ivory bars were more buoyant than competing products
Bernays launched a campaign to scare people into thinking that only disposable cups were sanitary
he founded the Committee for the Study and Promotion of the Sanitary Dispensing of Food and Drink
Even though Bernays saw the power of propaganda during war and used it to sell products during peacetime
he couldn’t have imagined that his writings on public relations would become a tool of the Third Reich
Joseph Goebbels became an avid admirer of Bernays and his writings – despite the fact that Bernays was a Jew
When Goebbels became the minister of propaganda for the Third Reich
he sought to exploit Bernays’ ideas to the fullest extent possible
he created a “Fuhrer cult” around Adolph Hitler
Bernays learned that the Nazis were using his work in 1933
from a foreign correspondent for Hearst newspapers
He later recounted in his 1965 autobiography:
They were using my books as the basis for a destructive campaign against the Jews of Germany
but I knew any human activity can be used for social purposes or misused for antisocial ones
What Bernays’ writings furnish is not a principle or tradition by which to evaluate the appropriateness of propaganda
but simply a means for shaping public opinion for any purpose whatsoever
Today we might call what Bernays pioneered a form of branding
but at its core it represents little more than a particularly brazen set of techniques to manipulate people to get them to do your bidding
By convincing people that they want something they do not need
Bernays sought to turn citizens and neighbors into consumers who use their purchasing power to propel themselves down the road to happiness
such a transformation promotes a patronizing and ultimately cynical view of human nature and human possibilities
one as likely to destroy lives as to build them up
Metrics details
An Author Correction to this article was published on 14 April 2020
This article has been updated
Bioadhesion of marine organisms has been intensively studied over the last decade because of their ability to attach in various wet environmental conditions and the potential this offers for biotechnology applications
Many marine mollusc species are characterized by a two-phase life history: pelagic larvae settle prior to metamorphosis to a benthic stage
The oyster Crassostrea gigas has been extensively studied for its economic and ecological importance
the bioadhesive produced by ready to settle larvae of this species has been little studied
The pediveliger stage of oysters is characterized by the genesis of a specific organ essential for adhesion
Our scanning electron microscopy and histology analysis revealed that in C
gigas the adhesive is produced by several foot glands
This adhesive is composed of numerous fibres of differing structure
suggesting differences in chemical composition and function
Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy indicated a mainly proteinaceous composition
Proteomic analysis of footprints was able to identify 42 proteins
one uncharacterized protein was selected on the basis of its pediveliger transcriptome specificity and then located by mRNA in situ hybridization
revealing its potential role during substrate exploration before oyster larva settlement
which are permanently fixed on their substrate at the adult stage
settle definitively at the larval stage prior to metamorphosis
Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas are exposed to harsh conditions and could potentially produce bioadhesives with outstanding properties
gigas is among the most studied marine organisms because of its economic and environmental importance
Its life cycle has been extensively described and artificial reproduction is fully mastered
allowing mass hatchery production of juveniles
gigas larval development commonly lasts about 15 days at 25 °C
depending on temperature and food availability
In other bivalve species that are not definitively fixed to their substrate
the foot is not resorbed during metamorphosis and can develop to become a highly specific organ
only a few papers have been published on oyster larval settlement and their adhesive composition
This knowledge would be useful for the optimization of larval settlement under natural or hatchery conditions of this important aquaculture organism and might lead to the development of novel biomimetic bioadhesives
selected based on its specific expression profile at pediveliger stage
has been deeply studied by in situ hybridization
Scanning electron microscopy observation of a settled Crassostrea gigas pediveliger larva. Three dimensional animal orientation and planes of sections are indicated.
Scanning electron microscopy observation of a Crassostrea gigas pediveliger larva
(C) The byssus duct (arrow) is located next to the heel of the foot
(D,E) Observation of the tip of the foot of a crawling larva showing a flattened cilia zone
(F) Vesicles observed on the epithelium surface of the tip of the foot
Histological observation of Crassostrea gigas pediveliger larvae stained with hematoxylin and eosin (A–G) and multichrome technic (Alcian Blue
C and H: Sagittal sections of the whole larvae
(D–G) show serial transverse sections of a foot
arrow: secreting cells from the foot gland
five other groups of cells stained differently by the multichrome technic were described
a row of turquoise blue cells distributed in the epithelium of the underside of the foot were positive to alcian blue staining indicating a high acid polysaccharides content (Gland A)
cells with purple staining (neutral polysaccharides)
where they appeared to lead to a row of 3 to 4 cells (Gland B)
gigas pediveliger larvae is surrounded by three cell types
were observed attached to the main gland of adhesive
appeared to lead directly into the byssus duct
but stained in purple with a dark blue perimeter were observed on either side of the byssus duct
small dark blue cells (1 to 2 µm in diameter) were observed on the lower part of the byssus duct
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations of settled Crassostrea gigas pediveliger larvae
(A) Lateral view of a settled larva showing adhesive sealant between the left shell and the substrate
(B) The larva was removed from the substrate to visualize the adhesive structure
composing the outer zone (oz) and inner zone (in)
fibre shape is typical of the substrate roughness
(D) Fibres of the outer zone in contact with the shell (at the top) are larger and converge in a homogenous substance at the edge of the mantle
Bacteria were observed stuck in the fibres of the outer zone
(F) Byssus filament was observed around settled larvae
(G) High magnification indicates the presence of microfibres that stuck the byssus filament to the substrate
(A) Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) spectra of the adhesive footprint of Crassostrea gigas settled larvae
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra of the adhesive footprint of Crassostrea gigas larvae in reflection mode
Five protein extraction protocols were tested on adhesive foot print (see Supplementary Note) based on chaotropic agent (urea
No adhesive fibres solubilisation was observed in microscopy observation and protein assay after these treatments
This gene was selected for deeper gene expression location by mRNA in situ hybridization (ISH)
mRNA in situ hybridization of Crassostrea gigas foot mantle protein (Cg_fmp) in pediveliger larvae (A–D) and adults (E–F) in histological sections (A,B and E–H) and whole mounts (C,D)
A: sense riboprobe hybridization (negative control)
blue coloration indicates the positive detection of Cg_fmp mRNA
no marine larval adhesives have been fully characterised
partly due to the difficulty in obtaining enough biological material to this
no information was yet available concerning structural
chemical and molecular composition of the adhesive despite the economic and ecological importance of this species
chloride and potassium co-localisation in adhesive of C
gigas larvae indicated potential sea salt contamination
The main challenge to investigating the protein composition of oyster larval adhesive by classical proteomic approaches was the very small amount of material produced
No results concerning specific protein extraction are presented in this study because of the tiny amount of material available and the difficulty of solubilizing the adhesive after its secretion and linkage to the substrate (see Supplementary Note)
a direct tryptic digestion of adhesive footprints successfully resulted in the identification of 42 protein sequences
A quarter of these proteins have Gene Ontology annotation related to basal cellular functions
indicating their nuclear origin: plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 RNA
staphylococcal nuclease domain-containing 1-like
heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D-like isoform X2
40S ribosomal S24 isoform X1 and partial histone H4
These proteins were most probably not from the final adhesive secretion and were not a component of the adhesive footprints
Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 RNA function in Crassostrea gigas is not known
but this protein has a specific domain of nucleotide binding indicating a potential role in RNA regulation or RNA stability
The Staphylococcal nuclease domain-containing 1-like is a coactivator of a transcription factor
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein is also known as a transcription factor
Elongation factor can act as a transcription factor and could be implicated in the regulation of protein maturation
Ribosomal subunits were detected in our sample
Ribosomes are directly implicated in RNA translation for protein synthesis
Histones are involved in chromatin structure
The presence of proteins implicated in DNA transcription and RNA processing indicate high transcription activity at this larval stage
larvae synthesize the adhesive in the foot gland
which represents a high volume of the larval body
this organ is probably the one of the most active in DNA transcription and RNA processing
adhesive synthesis is a short term process
because there are only a few days between reaching the pediveliger stage (at 15 days post fertilization at 25 °C) and settlement
larval metamorphosis is prepared for during the pediveliger stage and begins a few hours after settlement
Proteins implicated in DNA transcription and RNA processing presumably play an important role in the different steps of larval crawling
14-3-3 zeta/epsilon are binding proteins involved in transmission pathway or protein assembly
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase binds to and isomerizes specific phosphorylated Ser/Thr-Pro (pSer/Thr-Pro) motifs by inducing conformational changes in a subset of phosphorylated proteins and acts as a molecular switch in multiple cellular processes
The presence of proteins involved in protein synthesis
in relation with the presence of proteins involved in DNA and RNA processing
indicates the high cellular activity of the foot
These proteins are potentially involved in adhesive protein complexation or in adhesive secretion
proteins involved in cellular energy pathways could come from muscular activity of the foot: fructose-bis-phosphate aldolase
sarcoplasmic calcium binding protein and ATP synthase
Behaviour observations of pediveliger larvae suggest that muscle has an important function during settlement
the muscle proteins found in our analysis probably came from cellular contamination of the substrate
Although the precise role of the Cg_fmp could not be assessed using mRNA in situ hybridization
Cg_fmp protein could be localized in the membrane of epithelial cells
participating in the transmission of external stimuli to nerve cells
Cg_fmp could be involved in temporary adhesive composition
This hypothesis is supported by our detection of four proteins presenting a potential role in cyclogenesis (microtubule-associated-like 2 isoform X3
proteins implicated in cellular energy could also result from the foot cilia activity
Our study is the first time a proteomic approach has been successfully performed on C
revealing 42 proteins potentially implicated in adhesion
The transcript of one uncharacterized proteins
named Cg_fmp for Crassostrea gigas foot mantle protein
was successfully located in the tip of the foot and in the mantle of pediveliger larvae
indicating a physiological role at the adult stage
The precise role of this protein needs to be investigated in greater depth using functional molecular approaches
Gene Ontology of the 42 detected proteins and cellular location of the Cg_fmp mRNA indicate that these proteins came from oyster cells lost during crawling and probably not from the final adhesive structure
A probable explanation for the detection of cellular proteins in the adhesive analysis is the method employed
This analysis was performed on the total substrate after removal of larvae
and the adhesive footprint seems to remain insensitive to trypsin digestion
Binocular observation of the adhesive footprint
did not reveal any major changes in its shape
contrary to other preliminary tests with an aggressive protein extraction technique (see Supplementary Note)
despite the small amount of available material
to detect proteins involved in the crawling phase of C
It is probably not possible to extract proteins from adhesive footprints because of the insolubility of the secreted and complexed material
Further investigation is needed on the composition of larval oyster adhesive
which would allow samples to be taken of the foot gland containing adhesive precursors
would be an interesting way to characterise larval adhesive
The first knowledge needed will be the molecular composition of larval adhesive and its mechanistic interactions with its environment
These will potentially allow biotechnological applications of this material
Studies on the chemical mechanics of adhesion will also be necessary to fully describe oyster larval adhesion strategies
leading to production of a mean number of 250 000 ready to settle larvae per tank (corresponding to 50 larvae per mL)
pediveliger larvae were sampled and placed in a settlement tank with micro-ground shell
In order to capture ready-to-settle larvae for further analysis
specific substrates were placed in the settlement tank: frosted glass (for microscopy observation and proteomic analysis) or polished inox 316 L (for FTIR analysis)
The readiness to settle of larvae was checked by binocular observation (magnification ×50)
Crawling and settled larvae (n = 1000) were anesthetized with 5% MgCl2 for 30 min64
Samples were fixed in a 1.5% glutaraldehyde in a 0.1 M sodium cacodylate buffer (1.75% w/v of NaCl
Samples were washed three times in a solution of 0.1 M sodium cacodylate and dehydrated by successive immersion in alcoholic (50-70-90-100%) and alcoholic hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) (v:v)
one hundred larvae were taken off the substrate using micro-forceps
then turned over and stuck on adhesive carbon tape
the samples were coated with gold palladium
or with carbon for energy dispersive X-ray analysis
The larvae were then observed by scanning electron microscopy (Hitachi S-3200N)
Sections were dehydrated with serial baths of alcoholic solutions (50–70–90–100%) and mounted in Eukitt medium
Images were captured with an inverted microscope Zeiss AxioObserver Z1 and a Canon EOS 750D Camera
To assess the chemical composition of the adhesive
a Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was made
One cm2 polished stainless steel 316 L plaques were placed in the settlement tank containing pediveliger larvae
Adhered larvae were removed from the plaques with micro-forceps under a binocular microscope
All spectra were recorded by an FTIR microscope used in reflection mode
The FTIR microscopy measurements were performed with a Thermo IS50 infrared spectrometer coupled with an infrared Thermo Continuum microscope with a 32x IR objective and a Mercury Cadmium Telluride (MCT) single element detector cooled with liquid nitrogen
Each spectrum was obtained by 65 scans recorded at a resolution of 4 cm−1
Freeze-dried adhered larvae were removed from the frosted glass and the maximum contaminant material (faeces
algal deposits) was scraped off with micro-forceps under a binocular microscope
any attached larvae and debris were meticulously removed from the substrate to prevent cellular contamination of sample
One cm2 of frosted glass coated with around 300 adhesive footprints was digested with 20 µg of trypsin in 3 mL of 100 mM triethylammonium bicarbonate buffer at 37 °C under gentle agitation for 24 h
Supernatant was transferred into microtubes
evaporated and conserved at −80 °C until analysis
Digestion was repeated for three different glass pieces’
Samples were re-suspended in TFA 0.1% before nano-LC fractionation
The chromatography step was performed on a nano-LC system (Prominence
Peptides were concentrated on a Zorbax® 5 × 0.3 mm C18 precolumn (Agilent) and separated on a Zorbax 150 × 75 µm C18 column (Agilent)
Mobile phases consisted of 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid
99.9% water (v/v) (A) and 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid in 99.9% ACN (v/v) (B)
and the gradient profile was as follows: constant 2% B for 5 min
from 70 to 90% B in 5 min and a return to 2% B in 10 min
The 300 nl.min−1 volume of the peptide solution was mixed with 1.2 µL.min−1 volumes of solutions of 5 mg.ml−1 CHCA matrix prepared in a diluted solution of 50% ACN with 0.1% TFA
Twenty second fractions were spotted with an AccuSpot spotter (Shimadzu) on a stainless steel Opti-TOF™ 384 target
MS experiments were carried out on an AB Sciex 5800 proteomics analyser equipped with TOF/TOF ion optics and an OptiBeam™ on-axis laser irradiation with 1000 Hz repetition rate
The system was calibrated immediately before analysis with a mixture of des-Arg-Bradykinin
and mass precision was greater than 50 ppm
All acquisitions were made in automatic mode
A laser intensity of 3400 was typically employed for ionizing
MS spectra were acquired in positive reflector mode by combining 1000 single spectra (5 × 200) in the mass range from 700 to 4000 Da
MS/MS spectra were acquired in the positive MS/MS reflector mode by combining a maximum of 2500 single spectra (10 × 250) with a laser intensity of 4300
the acceleration voltage applied was 1 kV and air was used as the collision gas
the number of Reads Per Kilobase Million (RPKM) was plotted by development stage
The amplified fragment of cDNA was sub-cloned in a pCR4-TOPO plasmid
After in vitro transcription of linearized plasmid
sense and antisense DIG-tagged ssRNA probes were purified
Hybridization with sense riboprobe was used as a negative control
Hybridization was performed with 500 pg.µL−1 of labelled riboprobe at 65 °C
The sample were stained with anti-digoxigenin antibody coupled to alkaline phosphatase
Revelation was made with NBT (nitro blue tetrazolium) and BCIP (5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolylphosphate) in the dark at 35 °C
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper
Fouling and antifouling: some basic aspects
Smelly feet are not always a bad thing: the relationship between cyprid footprint protein and the barnacle settlement pheromone
An α2-macroglobulin-like protein is the cue to gregarious settlement of the barnacle Balanus amphitrite
Structural and compositional characterization of the adhesive produced by Reef Building Oysters
Composition and structure of oyster adhesive reveals heterogeneous materials properties in a biological composite
Synergistic roles for lipids and proteins in the permanent adhesive of barnacle larvae
attachment and establishment of marine algal spores
Experimental strategies for the identification and characterization of adhesive proteins in animals: a review
Matching forces applied in underwater hull cleaning with adhesion strength of marine organisms
High strength underwater bonding with polymer mimics of mussel adhesive proteins
Bioadhesives as surgical sealants: A Review
The bioadhesive of Mytilus byssus: a protein containing L-dopa
The formation of mussel byssus: anatomy of a natural manufacturing process
cellular synthesis and assembly of biopolymers 27–54 (Springer
Recombinant mussel adhesive protein Mgfp-5 as cell adhesion biomaterial
Gosling, E. Reproduction, Settlement and Recruitment. in Bivalve Molluscs 131–168, https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470995532.ch5 (Blackwell Publishing Ltd
The ultrastructure and histochemistry of the larval cement of Ostrea edulis L
and histochemistry of the food of the pediveliger of Ostrea edulis
The oyster genome reveals stress adaptation and complexity of shell formation
Observations on the behaviour of the pediveliger of Ostrea edulis during attachment and cementing
Observations on the function of the glands of the foot of the pediveliger of Ostrea edulis during settlement
histology and ultrastructure of the soft tissues of the larval American oyster Crassostrea virginica
Changes in Cementation of Reef Building Oysters Transitioning from Larvae to Adults
In situ infrared spectroscopic investigation of Perna canaliculus mussel larvae primary settlement
Adhesive secretions of live mussels observed in situ by attenuated total reflection–infrared spectroscopy
Aldred, N. & Petrone, L. Progress in the Study of Adhesion by Marine Invertebrate Larvae. in Biological Adhesives (ed. Smith, A. M.) 87–105, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46082-6_4 (Springer International Publishing
Mini-review: The role of redox in Dopa-mediated marine adhesion
Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-Ray microanalysis of Perna canaliculus mussel larvae adhesive secretion
Adhesive secretions in echinoderms: an overview
Mapping chemical gradients within and along a fibrous structural tissue
Adhesion in blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) and barnacles (genus Balanus): mechanisms and technical applications
Inspiration from the natural world: from bio-adhesives to bio-inspired adhesives
In situ ATR-IR spectroscopic and electron microscopic analyses of settlement secretions of Undaria pinnatifida kelp spores
Rapid self-assembly of complex biomolecular architectures during mussel byssus biofabrication
Localization of phosphoproteins within the barnacle adhesive interface
Polyphosphoprotein-containing marine adhesives
Molecular surface chemistry in marine bioadhesion
The role of coacervation and phase transitions in the sandcastle worm adhesive system
Mapping sea urchins tube feet proteome — A unique hydraulic mechano-sensory adhesive organ
Classification of intrinsically disordered regions and proteins
The structure and function of proline-rich regions in proteins
Coiled coils: a highly versatile protein folding motif
Mussel adhesive plaque protein gene is a novel member of epidermal growth factor-like gene family
Sea star tenacity mediated by a protein that fragments
Ca2+ mediates the self-assembly of the foot proteins of Pinctada fucata from the nanoscale to the microscale
Molecular characterization of the α-subunit of Na+/K+ ATPase from the euryhaline barnacle Balanus improvisus reveals multiple genes and differential expression of alternative splice variants
Induction of settlement and metamorphosis of the Pacific oyster
Control of oyster settlement and metamorphosis by endogenous and exogenous chemical cues
The american oyster Crassostrea virginica Gmelin
Characterization of the protein fraction of the temporary adhesive secreted by the tube feet of the sea star Asterias rubens
Characterisation of the carbohydrate fraction of the temporary adhesive secreted by the tube feet of the sea star Asterias rubens
An integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of sea star epidermal secretions identifies proteins involved in defense and adhesion
First insights into the biochemistry of tube foot adhesive from the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus (Echinoidea
Micro- and nanostructure of the adhesive material secreted by the tube feet of the sea star Asterias rubens
Functional Surface of the golden mussel’s foot: morphology
structures and the role of cilia on underwater adhesion
Temperature influence on pathogen transmission and subsequent mortalities in juvenile Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas
Essential fatty acid assimilation and synthesis in larvae of the bivalve Crassostrea gigas
Inferring muscular ground patterns in Bivalvia: Myogenesis in the scallop Nodipecten nodosus
Development and application of a novel histological multichrome technique for clam histopathology
The oyster vasa-like gene: a specific marker of the germline in Crassostrea gigas
Molecular characterization of voltage-gated sodium channels and their relations with paralytic shellfish toxin bioaccumulation in the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas
Expression of Patella vulgata orthologs of engrailed and dpp-BMP2/4 in adjacent domains during molluscan shell development suggests a conserved compartment boundary mechanism
A rapidly evolving secretome builds and patterns a sea shell
Download references
The authors thank all the people who contributed to this work: Isabelle Queau
for oyster reproduction and maintenance; Marc Suquet
for discussions on oyster larvae behaviour; Anne Donval for electron microscopy; and Jean-Philippe Buffet for protein extraction
This work was supported by the European Institute for Marine Studies (IUEM-France)
local government (CR Bretagne) and by the “Laboratoire d’Excellence” LabexMER (ANR-10-LABX-19)
It was co-funded by a grant from the French government under the program “Investissements d’Avenir”
Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Environnement Marin (LEMAR)
Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Environnement Marin
Plateforme d’Imagerie et de Mesures en Microscopie
The authors declare no competing interests
Publisher's note: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations
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GREAT BARRINGTON — Lines and colors are the essence of painting
“Lines and Colors” at Bernay Fine Art offers smart paintings and drawings that are also sumptuous and easy on the eye
Waltham-based Lynda Schlosberg’s paintings breathe and waft with layers of delicate gridded lines
electrically alive work “The Heart of the Matter,” a veil of transparent yellow oozes and opens over dark blue netting against a misty blue background
interleaving colors suggest energy fields pulsing outward
Dana Piazza, a Lenox artist, is an intricate, almost neurotically repetitive freehand mark-maker, like Jacob El Hanani
He draws a pattern according to a set of rules
the more the form takes on a life of its own
“Squares 56” is a precise checkerboard in black
and shades of gray that tightens and expands into voluptuous curves
Bernay Fine Art leans into abstraction, but for this show the gallery has brought in the vaguely disturbing, often humorous storytelling of colorist Sabrina Marques
“Nightwalkers” depicts googly-eyed people in black tree branches
whose works explore the stories of her Cuban ancestors
drops us into the darkest part of a fairy tale: Her bewitched or undead characters stride off into the air or open their arms helplessly
Her colors are brilliantly spooky — the night sky a periwinkle blue
Such rich color is a kind of nourishment. Painter Jane Fine uses it
abstracted tree explodes against a fuchsia ground
The foliage is part graffiti (including the artist’s ballooning signature)
blue and purple lines and great rectangles of yellow
All these works — even the obsessive and eerie ones — feel somehow exultant
These artists don’t use their skills to unpack the damages of the world
and in the life-affirming act of making art
At Bernay Fine Art, 296 Main St., Great Barrington, through July 10. 413-645-3421, www.bernayfineart.com
Cate McQuaid can be reached at catemcquaid@gmail.com. Follow her on Instagram @cate.mcquaid.
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the nine-year-old stallion ridden by Australia’s Simone Pearce for Gestüt Sprehe
Bernay (Boston x Lord Loxley) was successful at recent German national Intermediate II and was being prepared for the Grand Prix later this year
I can’t even comprehend that this has really happened… I’ve never felt a loss like this before and my heart is truly broken,” Simone wrote on her Facebook page
generous and talented young Grand Prix horse I could ever dream of and the dressage world and most certainly my world
is definitely a lesser place without his star-like presence in it
“I’m so grateful for all the amazing memories we have shared together which I will cherish for the rest of my life!!
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Donald Trump’s victory has been traumatically seared into the collective psyche of the liberal class
the possibility of losing to the most unpopular presidential candidate in history simply had not been countenanced by the bien pensants of the political and media elite
enlightened order: If Trump could only be removed through an impeachment for treason
Never mind the fact that this would just replace the Donald with Mike Pence
or that the Democrats have been so thoroughly crushed politically that they hold no power in Congress or most of the state governments
The Trump-Putin obsession is the death rattle of an entire epoch
and the fever dream of a social class whose self-understanding utterly depended upon that era’s basic historical assumptions
The real purpose of the Trump-Russia scandal is indeed to “save the world,” but not in the sense liberals think
For it allows liberals to sustain the illusion that their worldview still corresponds to reality
to avoid confronting the disquieting truth that the world as they knew it no longer exists
In a historical moment that cries out for new approaches to economics and politics
Yet in a historical moment that cries out for new approaches to economics and politics
liberalism regresses to a simpler time when a complicated
confusing historical reality was easily seen through the lens of a Manichean skirmish with the menace of the Great Enemy
To clarify: it is perfectly possible that some collusion between Trump’s agents and Russian hackers did indeed occur
the empirical question of whether or not it happened is secondary to the deeper psychological need for media pundits
and the professional-managerial strata to maintain their sense of self when the objective historical conditions in which they flourished are being actively dissolved
the continued libidinal investment in the drama of the as-yet invisible Trump-Russia scandal actively blocks any realization that the neoliberal order they are trying to restore is already dead on its feet
and that Trump is the uniquely bizarre American expression of a visible worldwide trend: the virulent
deepening nationalist backlash against a financially-integrated global economy based on the relatively free movement of commodities and people
His ascent is a death knell for an entire era and the basic assumptions about economic and political life that shape the worldview of contemporary liberals
The forces of the reactionary right have had no problem stepping into the political vacuum created by the creeping collapse of this system
because they have no trouble identifying it as a system
policies and institutions that work together in complementary unity
Each plank of Steve Bannon’s platform—national sovereignty
and the “deconstruction of the administrative state” —revolves around the narrative that the current global economic order enriches coastal elites
and foreigners at the expense of “ordinary” (white
that narrative effectively identifies a larger system that is allegedly stacked against his favored demographic
However deranged Bannon’s assumptions
this willingness to call the system into question goes a long way toward explaining Trump’s political success
The liberal class work through this loss via an imago of figures drawn from the febrile anxiety dreams of a terminal social order
Liberals see no such system. Instead, they see more or less qualified individuals who either have the right ideas or not, in government or business: cultural diversity, a fervent belief in incremental rather than structural change, and a firm commitment to meritocratic success. Rather than thinking historically—and preferring to avoid the whole idea of neoliberalism—they profess an ethos
And since they cannot recognize neoliberalism as a system
they cannot acknowledge its political and economic dissolution
They cannot acknowledge the loss of the historical soil of their selfhood
in which the lost object is submerged in the unconscious
where its loss remains unknown but not without adverse effects on the subject
In their reveries of heroic agency and frenzies of conspiratorial speculation
the urban cadres of the liberal class work through this loss via an imago of figures drawn from the febrile anxiety dreams of a terminal social order
Blending together a scrambled cocktail of good old Russophobia
and a particularly suspenseful episode of Homeland
liberals in the United States have seemingly regressed into a decalescent state of collective melancholia
Someone may indeed one day soon find the kompromat that definitively proves the Trump-Russia connection
thus vindicating liberals and proving the skeptics wrong
the scandal retroactively projects the fantasy of a return to the old order
Its closure either way would prompt the immediate realization that any true return is impossible
In a media environment that tolerates tail-chasing
The Baffler is a rare publication willing to shake the pundit class free of their own worst impulses
But running a charitable organization of this magnitude requires serious dough
and subscriptions only cover a fraction of our costs
we rely on the good will of generous readers like you
So if you like the article you just read—or hate it
so you can ridicule us online for years to come—please consider making a one-time donation to The Baffler
J.M. Bernays is a writer living in Chicago. He works with the Center for Progressive Strategy and Research, an initiative of The People's Lobby, and has the misfortune to be on Twitter
the digital ecosystem was transformed by the rise of Large Language Models like ChatGPT; this revolutionised personalised communication in marketing
These tools now target audiences more intelligently and precisely with tailored messaging
an achievement previously limited by workforce constraints
our proudest achievement was not a project but maintaining all our clients
embraced more influencer marketing and digital campaigns and diversified our offerings
Our evolution from a communication consultancy to a comprehensive communication partner in 2023 also marked a key transition
becoming an integral extension of our clients’ marketing functions
This holistic approach to communication solutions is something we’re particularly proud of
Brands should integrate AI to enhance reporting
A shift towards niche influencers who connect with audiences personally and emphasising sustainability with tangible results over mere ‘greenwashing’ are key for a robust digital approach
the focus will be on Large Visual Models (LVMs) powered by AI advancements to recognise visual cues and data; additionally
significant improvements in VR and AR will change audience engagement
brands must stay updated with emerging LVMs
like the Apple Vision Pro and Meta’s Ray-Ban smart glasses
just two examples of the many innovations expected to reshape our digital interactions in 2024
The main focus is on maintaining authenticity and transparency
This is fulfilled by utilising digital technology and innovations in communication to make a measurable
positive impact on society while also ensuring tangible results
bestsellers
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So it’s somewhat disconcerting to realize that Freud’s work was once used as a script to manipulate the public
was a propagandist who used his uncle’s theories to sell capitalism to the American public
The methods Bernays used are explored in depth in The Century of the Self, a 15-year-old documentary by filmmaker Adam Curtis. Freud Day (May 6, 161 years since the psychoanalyst was born)
is a good excuse to re-examine Curtis’ film
The themes he explores remain timely not least because psychoanalysts today believe that contemporary politicians are still exploiting subconscious Freudian impulses
Psychoanalyst and psychologist Michael Donner
president of the San Francisco Center for psychoanalysis
says he recommends the documentary to everyone
‘How did Trump get elected in this country?’” he says
such as the notion of unconscious impulses
transformed the way we view human behavior and are entirely credible
“Freud understood that people are irrational,” says Donner
“We build a layer of rationality on top of it
and desires that aren’t necessarily rational.”
Freud believed that all humans are unconsciously driven by sexual and violent desires
but that these emotional impulses are kept in check (or repressed) by conscious social norms
who moved from Vienna to New York City with his family as a child
made a career of intentionally tapping into these unconscious impulses to sell products
But Bernays reasoned that unconscious urges for sex and power could be used to sell people products they didn’t strictly need
and that a purchase could reflect the buyer’s personal identity
These ideas are so ubiquitous today that they’re entirely unremarkable; companies use sex to sell sexless products
and speak to how buyers perceive themselves
the Freudian ideas behind his techniques were more explicit
women in the US mostly didn’t smoke until Bernays was hired to expand American Tobacco’s market
He spoke to a psychoanalyst who claimed that cigarettes tapped into women’s unconscious penis envy
and so Bernays decided to link Lucky Strike cigarettes with power and women’s liberty by branding them as “torches of freedom.”
machines which have become the key to economic progress.”
with the theme “Democracity,” explicitly linking democracy and capitalism together in a utopian vision of the future
Bernays foresaw the enthusiasm that now greets the release of every incrementally modified Apple product
says Donner: “We shifted from a culture in which people said
‘Behave and conform,’ to a culture in which people said
Bernays thought it was better than the alternative
If subconscious desires for lust and power were not manipulated into spending
then he believed mankind’s repressed urges could be released in other
And he had some justification for this belief: Bernays was deeply unnerved to learn that Joseph Goebbels used his work to create genocidal propaganda in Nazi Germany
his techniques have become a standard feature of political and commercial tactics
though it’s highly unlikely that politicians today are consciously referencing Freud
Donner believes that Bernays’ techniques have been passed down through the generations
meaning that leaders are still using his tactics to prey on unconscious urges
right-wing populist politicians are appealing to the public’s darker
“A good politician appeals to emotionality
“It seems to me that part of why Trump’s successful is that he has tapped into these desires… We’re being told
It’s ok to unleash the aggression that’s inside of you
even if it’s normally against the rules.’”
Freud believed that newborns have no ability to distinguish their individual identity from the outside world
and humans have a subconscious yearning to return to that undifferentiated state
all involve a loss of the separate sense of self and return to the oceanic state that was once so safe and comfortable,” explains Donner
Group identity serves to differentiate us vs
but those within the group experience this yearned-for breakdown of individual identity
Those outside the group then present a deep threat to the shared identity
“They threaten the illusion of oneness that is so powerful and gratifying,” says Donner
“The instinct for protecting the herd against the intruder is very powerful
while suggesting that Democrats and the media are part of an opposing group
that he shouldn’t be thinking about the rights of individuals,” says Donner
we want to get out the people who are coming into our country and aren’t really French.”
Great salesmen and politicians have always had an intuitive knack for appealing to subconscious irrational impulses
and the emotions whipped up by politicians today can certainly be understood from a Freudian perspective
Echoing the manipulations that Bernays pioneered
today’s political leaders are attempting to harness a powerful trove of repressed desires
The Rhinelander breed society is hosted its sixth online foal auction at Castle Wickrath
The collection includes 24 highly interesting colts and fillies from the best mare lines in dressage and show jumping
The bidding has already started on 28 July and will conclude on 1 August 2021
Act now and secure your spectacularly bred Rhinelander foal with a future destined for dressage
The bay colt Dream Deluxe (by Dynamic Dream x Escolar x Sir Donnerhall) is a spectacular young stallion prospect out of a proven dam line
who placed fourth at the Bundeschampionate
Colt Feingold (by Fidertanz x Apache x Quattro B) is the winner of the 2021 NRW Foal Championship
This liver chestnut beauty is by the Grand prix horse producer Fidertanz out of a dam by the Dutch WEG 2018 team horse Apache
Colt Begin the Dream (by Bernay x De Niro x Sandro Hit) is by the late international Grand Prix horse Bernay
who was Australian Simone Pearce's team hopeful
The dam is the champion mare of the 20214 Alsfeld bred show
This dam line produced licensed stallions Quanticus
Begin the Dream (by Bernay)Bidding is easy. All you have to do is register yourself online and you can participate in the bidding process
View the complete collection here
For inquiries and questions about the foal collection, contact Yannick Pferdmenges at +49 157-53262858 or look for detailed information here
We rely on your support for our independence
it seems that all books published in English on the topic of propaganda have condemned the practice as dishonest and dangerous for a democracy
responsible citizens with the power of the vote require from their media unvarnished truth that will help them and their representative government make informed decisions on the issues that concern everyone
No issue deserves truthful treatment by the media more urgently than the question of war and peace
The one book in the past century that dared to celebrate propaganda was authored by the influential personality who came to be known and celebrated as the “father of public relations.” Edward Bernays was the nephew of Sigmund Freud
the Viennese doctor took no interest in commercial ventures other than self-promotion and marketing his own disturbing theories of the human psyche
Nor was Freud interested in the wrangle of politics
expressing himself only at the most abstract level of regretting that such wrangling often led to war
This insight appeared in his dialogue with Albert Einstein: Warum Krieg
In a book that bears the title Propaganda, Bernays explicitly claims that the “conscious and intelligent manipulation of the organized habits and opinions of the masses is an important element in democratic society.” Most public theoreticians of government reject this point of view as cynical
appear to have assimilated Bernays’s wisdom
Prominent pundit Ian Bremmer appears to have learned the same lesson
he demonstrates a certain mastery of the art Bernays so patiently defined
Bremmer clearly evinces the talent and discipline that allow him to apply the subtle set of rules underpinning modern democracy that Bernays so helpfully describes
Musk’s disappointment stems from the fact that Bremmer falsely reported what he claimed to be a confidence of Musk’s about a private conversation between Tesla’s TechnoKing and Russian President Vladimir
Musk is adamant that the conversation never took place
Bremmer has been known to “quote” other people by reporting his own interpretation of their words
Commenting on the Bremmer-Musk tiff, The Spectator appended this subtitle to an article on these two public figures: “Both men have a history of
embellishment.” Bremmer is famously a risk analyst and Musk
They were bound to meet as adversaries at some point
especially as Bremmer has his own aptitude for taking risks with the truth
The topic they were disputing is one on which Bremmer has no scruples about distorting the truth: the war in Ukraine
The latest example of his truth-bending talents comes at an odd point in history
more than 15 months after the Russian invasion
a period during which propaganda has been both promoted and rather convincingly contested
This leaves the impression that Bremmer’s sense of timing is seriously off
something good propagandists are always careful to avoid
He’s literally so late to the party that all but the ones too sloshed to move have made their way home
On May 31, 2023, in his publication GZERO, Bremmer posted an article with the title: “No
the US didn’t ‘provoke’ the war in Ukraine.” Though he briefly cites some authentic voices who much less briefly have explained the multiple ways in which the US provoked the invasion and even attempted to predict the date
Bremmer leaves their careful reasoning aside and develops an argument with one commentator to make his case
In so doing he turns Sachs into a straw man
He simply contests Sachs’s conclusion but never engages with the meat of his argument
any number of serious commentators cognizant of the facts of history over at least the past three decades have not taken the trouble to describe the different stages of what appears to be consistent provocation
Many of them have also taken the trouble to analyze the admirable efficacy of the US propaganda machine that
launched the “unprovoked invasion” epithet to counter Vladimir Putin’s chosen label for the invasion: “a special military operation.”
”The legacy media has dutifully aligned with Washington and NATO
Their commentators have eagerly parroted the phrase “unprovoked invasion” as if it was a tangible fact
Most of those journalists and media celebrities have avoided arguing the details of the case
probably because it only works so long as you maintain a resolute indifference to the facts of history
Bremmer calls “morally challenged” the claim that the US provoked the invasion by, as some say
“poking the bear.” He then nevertheless takes the trouble to acknowledge that “political scientist John Mearsheimer
and even Pope Francis have made similar assertions.” He could have cited numerous others
but as a good propagandist he seems to have selected names that people might doubt
Mearsheimer is an “offensive realist” by his own admission
which for Bremmer probably means that he eschews morality as a factor in international relations
Musk is the hyperreal figure I have often written about: in other words
Carlson is the hated anti-establishment former Fox News host whom the entire establishment has labeled a media fascist
an inveterate otherworldly pacifist—if not communist
according to Fox News and others on the right—an anomaly of a pope whom good Catholics need not listen to
Having dismissed his four chosen irrelevant voices
declaring himself a brazen proponent of establishment propaganda by attributing to all four of them a “strain of Putin apologia.” In reality—the one thing that never needs to be considered when formulating propaganda—not one of the four has ever demonstrated an inclination to follow Putin or apologize for his decisions
They simply have in common with Putting an awareness of some well-documented historical facts
Correlation does not imply causation… except in the rhetoric of propagandists
As the self-proclaimed hero of those lucid thinkers who are not “morally challenged,” Bremmer explains why
He is single-handedly responding to an intellectual pandemic
He alerts us to the fact that the heretical idea that the US may have provoked Russia has now spread to “China
and much of the developing world.” Like Kevin McCarthy’s character in The Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1956)
He promises to “debunk it once and for all.”
Now that the principal miscreants have been identified and the scope of the infestation assessed
He begins by calling the statement that the US had promised not to expand NATO eastward in 1990 a myth
Bremmer links to an article that claims Soviet President Mikael Gorbachev denied such a promise had ever been made
That article in turn provides a link to an interview in which Gorbachev strongly reaffirmed that US Secretary of State James Baker had made the statement
“NATO will not move one inch further east.” Since a myth is something that is not literally true
it isn’t always clear what constitutes a promise
But an actual statement that is not a promise cannot be called a myth
Bremmer argues that “NATO has no unilateral ability to ‘expand.’” This too is Clintonesque
but NATO’s complex policy-making operations make it inevitable that obscure
hard-to-follow political forces make NATO’s historical decisions
Those policies then tend to be applied in generally devious ways
NATO has never been committed to transparency
as the entire Ukrainian psychodrama itself demonstrates
Bremmer relies on the idea that people want to believe that “our side” will never be devious and the other side always will
Our side has pure intentions that respect laws and rules we scrupulously respect
Can anyone who hobnobs with power the way Bremmer does maintain such a pretense without appearing to be either devious themselves or exceptionally naïve
is that propagandists make these kinds of assertions as a matter of professional discipline
Sticking to his uniformly context-free legalism
Bremmer then asserts that it “was the Ukrainian people—not officials in Washington and Brussels—that voted in 2019 to enshrine NATO and European Union membership as national goals.” At this point
he skips over the well-documented fact that officials in Washington were fully implicated in a coup in 2014 that made that vote in 2019 possible
With its financial and military means and soft power
the US has long practiced the art of redefining other people’s “national goals,” which it has deployed on countless occasions over the past 75 years
beginning with the Italian election in 1948
Bremmer then asserts that from “1997 until Russia’s first invasion of Ukraine in 2014
NATO deployed no nuclear weapons and almost no combat forces on the territory of its new members.” Why does he exclude before the time 1997 and after 2014
He deliberately fails to mention the delicate question of Ukraine’s own history of possessing nuclear weapons during the Soviet years and the existential fear Russians feel about the prospect of Ukraine eventually being equipped
by NATO weapons were it to become a member
Bremmer is on more solid ground when he claims that “NATO membership was never a realistic prospect for Ukraine.” Plenty of formal obstacles exist that would prevent it from ever happening
But “never” applied to the past is never the same as “never” applied to the future
We find ourselves once again in Clintonesque territory
Bremmer then does what all propagandists do
He uses his purported psychic skills to read the mind of the adversary
who “invaded because he doesn’t think Ukraine is a legitimate country with a right to exist separate from Russia
We know this because Putin himself has repeatedly told us that the war’s aim is to reverse Ukrainian independence and recreate the Russian empire.”
links imperial expansion to Ukraine war.” This is literally disinformation
Now that it has been established that Putin is committed to doing evil
Bremmer demonstrates a rhetorical skill that only the most enlightened propagandists master: false humility
He goes on to admit that the US made some serious “mistakes” after the collapse of the Soviet Union
Instead of helping Russia to integrate the global economy—so efficiently organized around the power of the dollar and the global omnipresence of the US military— the Bush and then Clinton administrations were guilty of “passing on the chance to turn Russia into another post-war Germany or Japan.” Bremmer calls this a “huge missed opportunity.”
This remark tells us a lot about Bremmer’s worldview
He sees the US as a power destined to exercise the vocation of turning other powerful countries—such as Japan
The failure to exploit that opportunity back in 1991 is a cardinal sin that ultimately produced the embarrassing situation of war in Ukraine
as Biden himself affirmed shortly after the invasion
Bremmer even admits what earlier in the article he denied when he writes that “the West should have foreseen that this would feed Russia’s already acute sense of insecurity and humiliation.” This is precisely the point that Mearsheimer has made repeatedly
maintaining that perceiving this sense of insecurity is crucial for understanding Putin’s options
The West may see its own actions as non-threatening
The perception of an existential threat cannot be dismissed as an illusion
In its most cynical but utterly banal manifestation
it is the art of managing illusions to influence other people’s reality
The real problem in Bremmer’s thesis is the question of what constitutes provocation
whereas numerous examples exist of wars whose opening gambits were unjustified and easily condemnable as irresponsible
almost all wars have at their origin a response to some kind of provocation that preceded their outbreak
What does it take to be an effective propagandist? Goldman has hit the nail on the head. One must first be a Utopian. This was clearly the case for both sides during the original Cold War. It was a fantasized intellectual and moral contest between two imaginary Utopias. Belief in Utopia made it real and ensured the appropriate level of commitment on both sides.
In contrast, the Soviet Marxist model promised a different kind of Utopia, one in which first equality would first be established and prosperity would naturally emerge as a kind of logical consequence, thanks to the solidarity of the classless society.
We quickly learned that American Utopia could not be automatically transposed to Russia. In the following decades, America’s own Utopia lost much of its shine, compromised by the mad foreign policy of President George W Bush followed by a financial meltdown that exposed the hyperreality of what had become literally a derivative economy.
The memory of the Cold War, a period of growth and middle-class prosperity, infected people’s minds. The idea of making American Utopia Great Again emerged as the triumphant theme of the 2016 presidential election in the US. Upset by Trump’s exploitation of nostalgia, the Democrats became convinced that the culture of the Cold War, a contest between East and West, was the key to prosperity. And what fuelled that extraordinary period of unmitigated prosperity? Propaganda.
After the confused disillusion that followed the Vietnam war, the US had lost some of its taste for propaganda. The fall of the Soviet Union meant that the binary system that regulated the force of propaganda was no longer intact.
Now, after the financial crisis of 2008, the fiasco of the Trump years, COVID, and a withering of US prestige around the globe, the association of prosperity and a cold war has been revived. Propaganda is once again in vogue. And Ian Bremmer is one of its glorious champions. Edward Bernays’ legacy lives on.
The views expressed in this article are the author’s own and do not necessarily reflect Fair Observer’s editorial policy.
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William Richard BernaysBirth date: Sep 9
Brands sought to diversify their strategies to enter the metaverse with the latest
which drove the change for digital ecosystems last year
helping marketers deliver more targeted ads to consumers
Automation and AI are still growing and could reach new heights empowered by tools such as ChatGPT
particularly with regard to the application of analytics and the traceability of renewable energy sources
This constantly changing world demands adaptability
and 2023 will be all about streamlining such technologies and tailoring them to brand communication strategies
For brands to build effective marketing strategies
they need to focus on the long term and continue building to remain agile by learning
businesses must shift away from short-termism and concentrate on enhancing their value and brand credibility
They must embrace new offerings such as TikTok’s products
to engage customers more effectively at all stages of the buying cycle
The primary challenge that every brand faces is the need to stand out among the clutter of online messages and strategies
marketing trends and initiatives that your brand will inevitably need to adopt to ensure relevance
finding the right mix and means of customising continues to be a pillar for each brand in the current digital zeitgeist
this is all predicated on the importance of keeping your finger on the pulse of all updates and trends
Communicators are more experienced and versed with digital speak than ever before
employing tools and tactics effectively to harness the power of advanced technologies and machine learning
These are processes that brands need to use and take advantage of by planning ahead
and formulating robust partnerships to help them navigate this constantly changing world
they no longer need big teams; all their tactics and strategies can be conceived and executed within weeks by working with agencies with the right mindset and resources to make it happen
instagram | twitter | soundcloud | spotify
“He’s technically brilliant as a rapper, and his greatest gifts are ferociousness and tenacity—when he digs into a beat, he leaves claw marks.” – Pitchfork
“I feel like a brand new artist,” declares Bronx
The lyricist who first emerged in the early 2010s as a publicized talent took nearly five years to focus on properly raising his son
“I grew because I was still writing; that’s how I vent,” he says of the time away
Doley has reopened the book that he was never able to finish
Comeback single “We All Sin Here” achieved 2 million Spotify streams following its appearance in Netflix’s The Afterparty
Doley has relentlessly released music that addresses fatherhood
2020’s The Lobby Tape marks Doley’s biggest project to date
It intends to show that Doley Bernays is from a place where only the strong survive—something his rap career illustrates
Doley comes from the Uptown section of the BX
I was in the streets every single day.” Even before he turned 10
Doley (an adaptation for the loner slang term “dolo”) spent his days in the concrete streets
His older sisters introduced him to hometown hip-hop
ranging from Wu-Tang Clan to Busta Rhymes to Ma$e
the top student who was regularly expelled from schools for ignoring authority began rocking the microphone
Doley’s prided himself on his mind and his originality
“Everybody was naming themselves after drug dealers
and Italians,” he recalls of the rap cliche
not someone who just did regular stuff in the streets.”
who had become a father during high school
Bernays regularly crashed on Picaso’s couch while in L.A
he witnessed a Rap movement that included L.A.’s Shoreline Mafia and 03 Greedo take flight
Even though he stepped away from the public eye
“We All Sin Here,” was shopped by the rapper’s manager
it was prominently featured in 2018’s The Afterparty
leading to nearly 3 million overall streams
more music appeared on HBO’s Insecure as well as Ballers
“You never know what your music can do for you
You have to put it out in the universe to get something back,” says Doley
I PROMISED… honors a pledge to Doley’s brothers
who were his steadfast support system regarding his music
shifts from perspectives within generations of his family—all themed on preserving young Black life
Lobby Tape puts a spotlight on Doley’s Rotten Apple come-up
the project lobby is a very lethal place,” he recalls of seeking shelter in his hustling days
the raw mixes complement the gritty lyrical content
The campaign launches with “A Week Straight,” the latest in-studio collaboration between Doley and 03 Greedo
With more music in the can and a career taking shape after years of paid dues
Doley Bernays is moving like he has something to prove
“It’s not about ego or pride; I just bet on myself.”
Tapping into the potential markets of Pakistan and Afghanistan and further strengthening its stronghold in the Asian continent
Cicero & Bernay Public Relations (C&B)
has furthered its global reach by foraying into the two countries with Bashir Mraish Consultancy (BMC)
The latest expansion is a result of C&B’s efforts to fortify its network of partners and communication experts across the globe and establish 35 offices by the end of 2020
The new expansion adds to the list of markets that C&B has recently expanded into within Europe
With 12-years of experience in the PR and communications domain across the Middle East and Asia
BMC operates with special and intricate knowledge of the industries in Pakistan and Afghanistan along with regional markets like Iraq
The consultancy offers various services to manage perception and brand image with the use of latest technological and digital tools
while working with a number of prestigious clients including United States Agency For International Development (USAID)
will help us broaden our influence and present us with a valuable opportunity to increase the reach of our clients into the Asian market,” he added
and evaluates various local independent agencies across the globe – in terms of client portfolio
and organisational culture — to form strategic partnerships to expand its network in order to benefit both the clients and the new affiliates
Cicero & Bernay Public Relations (C&B)
will be the official communication partner for Quintessentially
the world’s leading luxury lifestyle group
Quintessentially are experts in lifestyle management and concierge services as well as bespoke travel and curated experiences
with over 14 years of experience and a portfolio of clients growing year on year
will help build and elevate Quintessentially’s brand and deliver a strategic communication plan that will generate sustained media coverage in print
The ship will be transferred to its homeport
The Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) has taken delivery of its third of six Harry DeWolf-class Arctic and Offshore Patrol Ships (AOPS)
The vessel will continue to remain at Halifax shipyard in Nova Scotia to complete the post-acceptance and final ship preparation works
Once the associated work is complete, the AOPS will be transferred to its homeport of Canadian Forces Base (CFB) Esquimalt in the West Coast next year
Canadian Defence Minister Anita Anand said: “Today we celebrate another important milestone for National Shipbuilding Strategy (NSS) and RCN with arrival of its third new AOPS Max Bernays
“I would like to recognise important work of our shipbuilders and thousands of Canadians that have contributed their time
and materials to support construction of this new ship.”
In 2012, Irving Shipbuilding received a contract from the Canadian Government to build six AOPS for the RCN under the nation’s NSS
Don’t let policy changes catch you off guard
Stay proactive with real-time data and expert analysis
Construction of Max Bernays began in December 2017, while the ship was officially christened in May this year
It was named after chief petty officer Max Bernays
The vessel has considerable space to accommodate small vehicles
The Harry DeWolf-class AOPS have been designed to support various missions at home and abroad
drug interdiction and support to international partners
Irving Shipbuilding is working on the fourth
that are currently under construction different stages
Delivery of one new ship is expected to take place every year until 2025
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Eggs and bacon are the definitive American breakfast
who emigrated from Vienna to New York City as a child
Bernays established himself as an immensely influential publicist whose work would earn him the nickname "Father of Public Relations." Much of his work was based on the theories of his uncle
specifically Freud's belief that people are not entirely driven by logic and that they are instead motivated mainly by unconscious desires
Bernays transferred this thinking to the field of public relations by assigning ideologies to products
Rather than market a product on its actual function
he would market it on an ideal it could help the consumer attain
This technique would prove highly effective when Bernays teamed up with a major bacon brand
Edward Bernays was approached by the Beech-Nut Packing Company with a major assignment: Boosting bacon sales
Instead of a traditional marketing campaign based on inundating newspapers with advertisements and coupon deals
Bernays decided to do a little psychoanalysis himself and answer the question
"Why do people eat what they eat?" He figured that people's food choices were driven on some level by ideals they hoped to achieve
He also recognized that people are easily influenced by authority figures
and that having an expert speak on a product's behalf might be more convincing than having the company itself speak for their product
Edward Bernays and Sigmund Freud had a close relationship, exchanging frequent correspondences, but Freud was skeptical of his nephew's work. Bernays wrote a number of books about using Freud's theories for marketing. But according to The American Psychological Association
when Bernays sent a copy of the book to his uncle
As a truly American production it interested me greatly." Freud also resisted his nephew's many efforts to promote his work amongst U.S
what about Bernay's impact on the American diet
it probably won't surprise you to learn that his "hearty" breakfast isn't exactly a healthy one
Bacon contains high levels of saturated fat
but it's also rich in protein and vitamin B
as well as minerals like iron and potassium
but all those same nutrients could be obtained through foods with fewer negative health impacts
Some health professionals recommend starting the day with foods that have a low glycemic index
so that your blood sugar won't spike and crash
eggs and recipes that incorporate bacon might actually be a more nutritious choice than other popular breakfast options like pancakes and waffles
Just remember that healthier doesn't necessarily mean healthiest.