FERMUN opening ceremony -- Tuesday 7 January 2025
15h-16h30 room XX --- PROVISIONAL SCHEDULE - Subject to change
· welcome speech by Ms Valovaya
· welcome speech by Ms Husny
· welcome speech by M
· welcome video by Fermun team
· speech by Ms Baudry
· speech by Ms Bogdan Martin
· speech by Ms Thuaudet deputy RP France
· speech by Ms Gaivile Stankeviciene, Head of the social affairs section at the EU Delegation
France – Lycée International Ferney-Voltaire
Morocco – Lycée Français International Louis-Massignon
Saudi Arabia – Najd National Schools
United States of America – Miami Country Day School
The 18th-century French writer Voltaire is remembered for his witty satire and social critique
Less well-known is the time he drank fresh bull’s blood for science
As described in his Philosophical Dictionary in 1764
Voltaire conducted this peculiar experiment to dispel an equally strange
myth dating back to ancient times: that bull’s blood was a deadly poison
Ancient Greek scholars believed that bull’s blood solidified rapidly in the throat when swallowed
“The blood congeals easily,” Nicander explained
in the hollow of [the victim’s] stomach
the breath is straitened within his clogged throat
often struggling in convulsions on the ground
he gasps bespattered with foam.” To treat this gruesome condition
of which some (fresh figs in vinegar) sound easier to obtain than others (the milk of a hare or deer)
as well as real historical figures like the Greek commander Themistocles
who was said to have drunk bull’s blood rather than follow orders from the King of Persia to lead an army against his fellow Greeks
“I was so lulled by those tales during my childhood that, in the end, I made one of my bulls bleed,” Voltaire wrote in his Dictionary, in a chapter on the natural history of poisons
He expressed skepticism of the ancient claims
pointing out that people in the French countryside “swallow beef’s blood every day” in blood sausage and other dishes
Although Voltaire didn’t say whether the fresh blood was difficult to stomach
he confirmed that he did not fall writhing and choking to the ground
Referencing a historical account of the Central Asian Tatars drinking horse blood
Voltaire wrote that bull’s blood “did no more harm to me than horse blood did to the Tatars
or blood sausage does to us every day—especially when it’s not too fatty.”
not any inherent toxicity of the blood itself
“we must find a reason—a natural and probable reason—why the ancients would believe a story so easily disproved.”
Kitchell noted that almost all the famous deaths attributed to bull’s blood
“are located in the East in general and show a special affinity for Persia.” The Ancient Greeks associated Persia with advanced knowledge of poisons
And metaphorical names for plants were just as common in ancient times as they are today
Could “bull’s blood” originally have been the name of a poisonous plant that was later taken literally
Using Nicander’s account of the symptoms of bull’s blood poisoning
The description of bull’s blood clotting in the throat might be a mistaken account of the victim coughing up clots of their own blood
which can be induced by some poisonous plants
Because bull’s blood is used for suicide in ancient literature
Kitchell inferred that it was a difficult poison to conceal in food or drink
The name might indicate a dark red color and possibly a specific danger to cattle
as some poisonous plants are infamous for harming livestock that graze on them
Kitchell identified three plants that fit his criteria: tansy
and cowbane (the latter named for its tendency to kill cattle)
“But even if the exact plant or plants remain unknown,” Kitchell wrote
“the strong likelihood remains that ‘bull’s blood’ is to be identified as the Eastern
used almost exclusively for suicides in the East.”
Ancient medical writers often repeated the words of earlier sources uncritically
described Nicander’s work as containing “absurd errors due to popular superstition alongside exact descriptions of plants and medical prescriptions so detailed and precise that the remedy could be made up today.”
That the myth of bull’s blood being poisonous persisted for so long serves as a reminder to always check the trustworthiness of one’s sources
Unless you happen to be as bold as Voltaire
who decided to test the outrageous claim on himself
We may never know exactly what the original “bull’s blood” was
As Voltaire wrote after downing his grisly beverage: “Be certain
that Themistoceles did not die from it.”
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CERN was guest of honour of the City of Ferney-Voltaire for the Fête de la Science
organised by the association Pangloss in the gardens of the Château de Voltaire
The historic Orangery and Garden have turned into a science village
housing the stands of nearly thirty associations and scientific institutions. 2,000 visitors of all ages came to enjoy the wide range of activities
CERN offered a great number of activities. Visitors were able to visit the LHC and the Computing Centre with virtual-reality headsets. They analysed particle collisions in search of the Higgs boson with the "Connect the dots" activity. The little ones revisited the aesthetics of the ATLAS experiment with a colouring book. The majority of visitors left with a badge showing the elementary particle best reflecting their personality
after responding to the quiz “Particle Identities”. And physics demonstrations with everyday objects impressed both young and old
the three "Fun with Physics" shows have sold out! The impressive explorations of the states of matter and the effects of liquid nitrogen have met a great success
Nearly 20 CERN volunteers brilliantly represented their laboratory
adapting perfectly to the expectations of the general public to explain their daily activities. Thank you to them
Do you work at CERN and want to become a volunteer at local events? Join our Workplace Group CERN outreach events volunteers
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26/06/2015 By Le News
In 1755 the French writer
known to most by his nom de plume Voltaire
was on the run from an angry Frederick the Great
who he’d offended with some of his writing
He first headed to Paris only to find that King Louis XV of France had banned him from the city
From there he sought refuge in Geneva where he bought an estate
He was welcomed at first but then life became difficult when one of his publications was banned
Geneva’s ban on his beloved art of theatre also made living there less than ideal
In 1759 he bought the estate of Ferney directly across the border in France and moved there from Geneva
Geneva’s ban on theatre was a key reason behind his move
Voltaire was responsible for setting up watchmaking and pottery industries in Ferney
along with theatres to serve a mainly theatre-deprived Geneva audience across the border
After the French revolution his name was included in the town’s name to honour his contribution to the region
which was his home for 20 years from 1759 to 1778
Every year in Ferney-Voltaire the town celebrates his life and works at La Fête à Voltaire (Voltaire Festival) with music, dance, fireworks, costumes and of course theatre! If you feel the urge to soak up some of the region’s heritage you can as the 2015 festival is this weekend
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Gibbon also visited Voltaire at les Délices in 1757
I made a little excursion some days ago to Geneva
for the sake of the town which I had often seen before
a representation of Monsieur de Voltaire's
After a life passed in courts and Capitals
the Great Voltaire is now a meer country Gentleman
the honor of the profession) sometimes of a farmer
state of health than he did twenty years ago
The play they acted was my favourite Orphan of China
himself acted Gengis and Madame Denys Idamé; but
I do not know how it happened: either my taste is improved or
Voltaire's talents are impaired since I last saw him
to me now a very ranting unnatural performer
was too much struck with the ridiculous figure of Voltaire at
seventy acting a Tartar Conqueror with a hollow broken voice
and making love to a very ugly niece of about fifty
began at eight in the evening and ended (entertainment and all) about
set Down about twelve to a very elegant supper of a hundred
a famous poet of Seventy who has acted in his own plays
closed the scene with a supper and ball for a hundred people
I think the last is the more extraordinary of the two
The EU Delegation to the UN in Geneva participated in the 15th edition of FerMUN
which brought together more than 700 students from 18 countries around the world
Held at the Palais des Nations and in the premises of the International Labour Organization from 7 to 10 January 2025
the participants stepped into diplomats' shoes to debate on current issues related to work
The Ferney-Voltaire UN simulation model is organised every year by the International High School of Ferney-Voltaire
This three-day conference engages students from across the globe
aiming to raise awareness about international relations
Participants take the role of national diplomats
engaging in debates and drafting resolutions on various global issues each year
FerMUN exemplifies initiatives that bring the United Nations closer to young people
fostering understanding and dialogue on pressing global challenges
the focus was on social justice and labour rights
with the event hosted at the International Labour Organization offices in Geneva
Head of the EU Delegation’s Health and Social section
participated in the opening ceremony of the 15th edition of FerMUN which took place on 7 January 2025 at the Palais des Nations
She emphasised the EU's unwavering commitment to multilateralism and the strong EU-UN partnership
“In a world where multilateralism is often questioned and conflicts still affect a large proportion of the population
seeing a room full of young people ready to listen to each other
and build solutions together is a very promising sign for the future
Your voices matter in shaping policies that impact both current and future generations.” Gaivile Stankeviciene
Other panellists of the opening ceremony included Tatiana Valovaya
Director-General of the United Nations at Geneva
Deputy Permanent Representative of the French Delegation to the UN in Geneva
All the panellists emphasised the pivotal role of young people as drivers of progress and highlighted FerMUN's exceptional contribution in fostering a platform for dialogue and mutual understanding
"As our Secretary General António Guterres often repeats: you can't create the future for our grandchildren with the organisation built by our grandfathers
we need to prepare the multilateral system for the challenges not only of today
That's why this meeting is so important." Tatiana Valovaya
"At a time when we know that several elections are shifting to the right (...) we should ask the questions: What is the value of multilateralism
it is you who will take up this responsibility." Gilbert F
“FerMUN is where policy innovation takes shape
and where tomorrow’s leaders find ways to ensure tech is a tool for positive change.” Doreen Bogdan-Martin
The McGill University Library is now home to a rare collection of materials related to the prolific Enlightenment period philosopher
entrusted to McGill by Professor Peter Lambert-David Southam
is a treasure trove of historical handwritten documents
and architectural drawings – many of which have never been published before
It offers a unique window into the life and mind of Voltaire
“The collection adds immense depth and richness to McGill’s already formidable holdings on the Enlightenment Period and Voltaire
now making McGill’s holdings one of the most important Voltaire repositories of books and manuscripts in North America,” said McGill University librarian and Curator of Enlightenment Collections
The Jacqueline Lambert-David Voltaire Manuscript Collection includes 1,500 pages of handwritten manuscripts related to Voltaire
and provocateurs of the French Enlightenment
It is a vast and diverse collection of 290 manuscripts representing 1,500 pages of text consisting of private
judicial and administrative letters; literary and historical manuscripts; and precious documents relative to the life and times of Voltaire
The history of this collection traces its origins back to Voltaire's estate in Ferney-Voltaire
and has been nurtured by four generations of the Lambert-David family
eventually culminating in Professor Peter Southam's decision to entrust this invaluable historical treasure to McGill University
Although all periods of Voltaire's career are represented
the Lambert-David Collection notably enriches our understanding of the period during which Voltaire lived at his property the Château de Ferney as of 1760 through to 1778
“Ferney was a bustling place,” said Holland
“Guests from all over Europe paid Voltaire a visit at his Chateau
including Englishmen out on the Grand Tour.”
These papers tell us about the day-to-day life of the first European literary celebrity, adds Professor Nicholas Cronk, Director of the Voltaire Foundation in Oxford. Professor Cronk is giving a lecture on the Voltaire manuscripts on Wednesday
one of the greatest research collections of Voltaire’s books and manuscripts anywhere in the world,” he said
President launches plan for national lottery to raise cash for decaying historic buildings
France is to introduce a national lottery to pay for the restoration of decaying historic buildings and works of art
Emmanuel Macron launched the plan for special €15 “heritage” scratchcardsafter visiting the €9m (£8m) restoration Voltaire’s chateau in Ferney
Voltaire was fiercely proud of the property, acquired in 1759 after he had fallen out of favour with the French court. The philosopher talked of transforming the village of Ferney from what he called “a miserable hamlet surrounded by marshes” into a place where key figures in Europe would flock to see him
It was here that Voltaire wrote his Treatise on Tolerance
whose ideas would later be paraphrased as “I disapprove of what you say
but I will defend to the death your right to say it”
View image in fullscreenEmmanuel Macron walks with his wife Brigitte in the park of the newly restored Château de Ferney
Photograph: Fabrice Coffrini/AFP/GettyMacron was advised on the heritage plan by his friend Stéphane Bern
A commission sifted through hundreds of applications to choose the sites that would benefit from proceeds from the scratchcards
Those selected include the Caribbean home of Aimé Césaire
fantasy-filled home of the writer and adventurer Pierre Loti in Rochefort
on the west coast of France – particularly to fix the roof of its second floor
decorated with artefacts from Syria and Turkey
Other places include an 18th-century fortress on a tiny Brittany island
a 12th-century Burgundy castle and a Roman aqueduct in eastern France
France has a heritage budget of €326m a year
said she saw the lottery – which could raise €15m-€20m – as extra funding for sites in particular need
The lottery will be held in September for a limited period and repeated the following year
The 2022 edition of the Fête de la science
a French initiative that seeks to educate the public on scientific topics
It’s time to take stock of the events held in the Ain department
many of which involved CERN’s participation.
technical and industrial association of the Ain department
officially opened the 31st edition of the Fête de la science in the main auditorium of Bourg-en-Bresse’s Scène nationale
The evening kicked off with a screening of the documentary film Big Bang
CERN’s former Director for Accelerators and Technology
and astrophysicist Nicolas Laporte led a roundtable discussion on the theme of the infinitely big and the infinitely small
which attracted an enthusiastic 350-strong audience.
more than 80 science enthusiasts came to the opening of the exhibition “Une mission scientifique pour le XXIe siècle” (A scientific mission for the twenty-first century) in Saint-Genis-Pouilly
during which local youngsters enjoyed CERN’s science show See the Invisible
The exhibition will be on display at the Médiathèque Georges Sand until the end of October
Around a hundred pupils from the Lycée international in Saint-Genis-Pouilly also attended a screening of the film Francois Englert
and got the chance to talk to its director and producer
as well as to Belgian physicists Albert de Roeck and Filip Moortgat
Lastly, on Saturday 15 October, CERN hosted a stand at the Fête de la science et de la biodiversité in Ferney-Voltaire, which provided the perfect opportunity to show our neighbours the efforts the Organization is making to limit its environmental footprint as much as possible. The main focus was CERN’s flagship heat recovery project at point 8 of the LHC
which will heat a new neighbourhood being built in Ferney-Voltaire
Visitors of all ages and from all backgrounds had the opportunity to find out about the various environmental themes presented and to learn more about the heat recovery project from CERN engineers Serge Claudet and Paul Pepinster
We would like to extend our warm thanks to the events’ organisers and to the many volunteers who
help to promote CERN’s activities in an engaging and accessible way.
The CERN Exhibitions section (IR-ECO-EXH) and the LHCb experiment have developed a new public experience at LHC Point 8, in Ferney-Voltaire (France), where the experiment is located. The design phase of the new exhibit, carried out in collaboration with the Spanish design firm Indissoluble – The Exhibition Factory
which previously worked on the ALICE and Microcosm exhibitions
the installation was already completed and about to welcome its first visitors
The new exhibition has indeed been open to the public since the beginning of the year
“Working on the new LHCb exhibition has been a challenge also because the work mainly happened during the pandemic
the excellent teamwork and the highly collaborative and committed attitude of all the members of the working group made it possible for the exhibition to be designed
delivered and installed on time and within budget,” says Antonella Del Rosso
visitors enter the LHCb main building and are guided through the exhibition’s four sections
which include a miniature model of the underground cavern featuring the DELPHI and LHCb detectors
The main exhibition hall hosts pieces of the LHCb detector such as the vertex locator
parts of the calorimeters and muon systems
the ring-imaging Cherenkov detector and a scintillating fibre tracker
The highlight of the exhibition is the cinema room: three immersive walls take visitors underground and lead them through the physics of the detector by means of an audiovisual experience (see picture)
Different screens and projections mirror the segmented structure of LHCb
with each panel corresponding to a different part of the detector
All the exhibition points are equipped with interactive touch screens
which provide additional information about the detector system
data acquisition and basics of particle physics
One of the last stops is a sneak peek into the LHCb control room
With the new cinema room and the showcased detector parts
the new exhibition is a nice alternative to underground visits
especially when access is impossible during LHC runs
as well as complementing those visits with a first visual input
the LHCb experiment welcomed almost 1000 visitors
The new exhibition is now ready for the many more to come
The 2022 year-end-technical stop (YETS) will start on 28 November
and the operation of the accelerator complex will be reduced by 20% in 2023
Plans have also been developed with the French electricity supplier
for reduced-power configurations to cope with possible load shedding in the coming months
various measures are being developed to save energy on the CERN sites
These include switching off the street lighting overnight
delaying by one week the start of building heating and optimising it during the entire winter season
CERN is also investigating the potential for using renewable energy sources
in particular photovoltaic sources placed both on and off site
CERN formally committed to establishing an energy management system in accordance with the ISO 50001 standard
it has submitted a five-year energy performance plan to the French authorities aimed at further optimising the Laboratory’s energy consumption
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26/11/2015 By Le News
Last night the French authorities searched the french homes of two imams associated with the mosque in Petit-Saconnex in Geneva, who live in the french town of Ferney-Voltaire not far from Geneva
Geneva Mosque – Petit Saconnex – Source wikipedia – user MHM55
since the country declared a state of emergency following the attacks in Paris
According to the Tribune de Genève, two French imams associated with the Geneva mosque received a surprise visit by armed French police at their homes in Ferney-Voltaire last night
“I was asleep when I heard shouting in the stairway followed by people banging loudly against a door saying: police open
I immediately thought of terrorism” said a neighbour
equipped with helmets and 1.5m shields in and around the building
My father went onto the balcony and was told to go back inside immediately
I didn’t sleep at all during the night” she said
Two other neighbours described the same scene
Described as a very nice father who caused no problems
the French security services have had a file on the man targeted since 2012
he appears in the same file as the author of seven murders
The two had been in contact by telephone several months before the murders according to mobile phone records
A few hundred metres away another older imam from the Geneva mosque was visited by the police
The French security services also have a file on this individual
A third search also took place in the same area according to the newspaper
What were the police looking for in the home of these two French converts
who both studied in Medina in Saudi Arabia
Will these searches lead to legal proceedings
Contacted by Tribune de Genève on Thursday the two imams have not returned the newspaper’s calls
Neither has the director of the Fondation culturelle islamique de Genève
Full Tribune de Genève article (in French)
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you guys are astounding with your blatant ignorance
Cosmos » Physics
CERN has responded in new reports to suggestions that its proposed Future Circular Collider (FCC) is not technologically feasible
suggesting that the project’s aims to delve further into the mysteries of the universe are attainable
CERN operates the largest machine on Earth – the 27-kilometre
the particle accelerator used to examine the fundamental nature of the particles and forces which form the universe
In 2012, experiments at the LHC led to the discovery of the Higgs boson – the “God particle” responsible for giving all other particles their mass
It is now proposed that the FCC will be built in the 2040s
It would have a circumference more than 3 times that of the LHC
the FCC would be built near the Swiss-French border at Geneva
It would allow particles to be smashed together at energies 8 times greater than at the LHC. Coupled with more sensitive detectors, the FCC could help discover new particles and solve some of the biggest cosmic questions, including what is the nature of dark matter
Building the FCC is estimated to cost about US$17 billion
Overflow energy will be used to heat towns like Ferney-Voltaire – one of 7 surface sites planned on the French side of the FCC
The new feasibility reports are published on CERN’s website
They analyse 100 different scenarios to conclude that the 91km-long machine could be built and sustained
and would yield new scientific information
But some have raised concerns about the project
Speaking with global news agency AFP, one dairy farmer in France says the planned collider would swallow “5 hectares of our farm”
Physicist Olivier Cepas of the Neel Institute at France’s University of Grenoble tells AFP: “The financial
t would be better to fund smaller scientific projects.”
then projects like it will emerge in other parts of the world
trains and even a cruise ship in his quest to return home — and his family says it's because of he has been deemed too fat to travel
Now Frenchman Kevin Chenais' long and fitful journey is coming to an end
A ferry company accepted Chenais on Wednesday for a trip across the English Channel
one of the last obstacles to his homecoming in the French town of Ferney-Voltaire
says he has been repeatedly refused transport over the past two weeks as he sought to get home to France from the United States
P&O Ferries offered to take him in his ambulance aboard the Spirit of Britain on Wednesday
the final hurdle keeping him from his home near the Swiss border
"I am absolutely tired," the 22-year-old said as he slumped over in his mobility scooter just before being loaded into the ambulance
Chenais' mother was outraged by the treatment her son allegedly received
saying he was discriminated against because of his weight
He has a genetic illness," Christina Chenais said
"We are very happy to go home after this long
The odyssey began when British Airways refused to honor his return ticket from the United States
where he had been receiving medical care for a hormone imbalance
"When we talked about this problem with British Airways that Kevin was too fat ..
(they said) abandon any intention of coming back to France," Kevin's father
he was not considered to be a normal being
BA acknowledges that it refused to let Chenais board the plane
but said confidentiality rules prevent it from saying why
BA insisted that it does not discriminate against customers for any reason and that the airline provides the option of an extra seat to people who contact them with concerns about seat width
"We respect the privacy of the customer so cannot comment on any changes in circumstance between arrival and departure dates," the company said in a statement
British Airways declined to say what the changes in circumstance had been
Chenais said Carnival Cruises also rejected his request for a cabin on a trans-Atlantic voyage
Virgin Atlantic airlines stepped in to fly him to London
where he had planned to take the Eurostar train home
But Eurostar refused to allow him on board because of safety rules governing travel through the Channel Tunnel: The high-speed train that connects England to France and Belgium requires all passengers to have the ability to be safely evacuated — and Chenais' obesity-caused lack of mobility made that impossible
"This is a terrible situation," Eurostar said in a statement
Chenais and his family who are understandably desperate to return home after being stranded in America."
Eurostar paid for the family's hotel room and worked with P&O to find a solution
"It's difficult to imagine the frustration that this gentleman has gone through," P&O spokesman Chris Laming said in a statement
it's very straightforward as we are set up to carry people who have medical needs."
Laming said Chenais and his family landed safely at the French port of Calais on Wednesday night and were not far from finally reaching home
either observed and verified firsthand by the reporter
or reported and verified from knowledgeable sources
Translations may contain inaccuracies—please refer to the original content
Friday installed an Indian doctor facing corruption charges as its president
despite controversy surrounding his appointment while legal cases are pending
Ketan Desai delivered his inaugural speech as president Friday at the association's annual assembly in Taiwan
Desai has faced conspiracy and corruption allegations since he was first selected in 2009 as a future president of the WMA
He has denied any wrongdoing in connection with the pending cases
He did not respond to questions from Reuters sent via email
When Reuters asked the WMA this week for an update on Desai's legal situation
spokesman Nigel Duncan said the association had nothing more to say
"I don't think there's anything we want to add to what we have already said," Duncan said
He did not answer questions about Desai's legal cases or what the ethics body had been told about them in recent months
Desai faces charges of corruption and criminal conspiracy for allegedly being involved in a conspiracy to obtain a bribe of 20 million rupees ($450,000 at the time) from a medical college
investigators allege Desai helped the school get permission from the Medical Council to add more students
Desai was jailed that year and his inauguration as the WMA president was suspended
the WMA decided to lift the suspension after receiving assurances from the Indian Medical Association (IMA)
The IMA did not respond to queries from Reuters this week
A Reuters investigation published in July last year showed that the IMA had incorrectly told the WMA that charges against Desai had been withdrawn
Representatives of major doctors organizations accepted the information as fact
The IMA said last year that it never misled the WMA
The WMA had said it took questions raised in the Reuters article "very seriously" and would look into them
the WMA upheld its decision to appoint Desai as president
A source at India's Central Bureau of Investigation said this week that the New Delhi case was still active though it was on hold due to a pending appeal in the Supreme Court
The source said Desai still needs to appear before the district court judge during hearings
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The move will undoubtedly mean the large space that has already been cleared near the border post will remain empty for some time
saying the demolition of the garages and other businesses have cost hundreds of jobs
Campaigners have long been fighting the plans
saying it’s old fashioned and goes against new environmental requirements
The cancellation of this project echoes another which seems to have hit the buffers – the Open Centre in Saint-Genis.
That’s currently on hold after a court ruled the impact on local wildlife was too great
The Voltaire Library is the only library of an important French Enlightenment author to have been preserved intact
Immediately following the death of Voltaire
Catherine II decided to buy his library in an attempt to bolster her reputation in Europe as a tolerant and enlightened ruler