Would you like to find out more about the Rekindling of the Flame Ceremony The committee responsible for this ceremony welcomes students all year round Explore the symbols of this ceremony and the steps you need to take to attend or take part in the rekindling with your class After the First World War (1.4 million soldiers fell for France) the national authorities and associations undertook to perpetuate the memory of this sacrifice the idea of paying tribute to the remains of a soldier became widespread designated an unknown soldier from among 8 coffins containing the bodies of unidentified French servicemen The remains were transferred under the Arc de Triomphe on 11 November 1920 before being buried in their final location on 28 January 1921 the journalist Gabriel Boissy launched the idea of a symbolic flame Architect Henri Favier's design was chosen and executed by wrought-iron craftsman Edgar Brandt The Flame was designed to emerge from the muzzle of a cannon pointing skywards the chiselled surface of which was made up of swords forming a star André Maginot lit the Flame of Remembrance for the first time it has been rekindled every evening during a ceremony organised by the Flame Committee under the Arc de Triomphe The rekindling ceremony is organised by the union of associations known as the Comité de "La Flamme sous l'Arc de Triomphe, Flamme de la Nation" the main aim of this association is to rekindle the flame at the tomb of the Unknown Soldier every day at dusk while keeping alive the memory of all the French and allied servicemen who fell on the field of honour Lieutenant General Christophe de Saint Chamas has chaired the committee Les commissaires de la Flamme autour de la Tombe du Soldat inconnu The rekindling ceremony under the Arc de Triomphe is public Interested schools, associations and organisations can apply to take part in a rekindling, wreath-laying or flame-taking ceremony by clicking here Please note that this ceremony is not open to individuals Would you like to visit the Arc de Triomphe before attending or taking part in the ceremony Bookings can be made with the Cultural and Educational Service Requests must be received at least one month in advance Find out how to send in your booking request below The Arc de Triomphe offers a range of resources to help you prepare for your visit or discuss the monument with your class including a file dedicated to the story of the Unknown Soldier Access all our educational and thematic packs below In December 2012, an inauguration of the new Memorial hall took place in the 2nd Foreign Engineer Regiment of the French Foreign Legion in its base at Saint Christol The new Memorial hall was inaugurated by general Christophe de Saint-Chamas the Commandant of the French Foreign Legion Look out for your first newsletter in your inbox soon We help you navigate a myriad of possibilities Sign up for our newsletter for the best of the city By entering your email address you agree to our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy and consent to receive emails from Time Out about news Sign up for our email to enjoy your city without spending a thing (as well as some options when you’re feeling flush) Our newsletter hand-delivers the best bits to your inbox Sign up to unlock our digital magazines and also receive the latest news By entering your email address you agree to our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy and consent to receive emails from Time Out about news, events, offers and partner promotions. Paris With its herringbone parquet and art nouveau friezes natural cosmetics boutique Huygens has really perfected its chic Parisian look owners Daan and Sébastien propose a diverse variety of personalisable beauty products like shower gels with a selection of 17 different essential oils The duo’s goal is to share their knowledge of aromatherapy carefully informing customers of what each essential oil can be used for and how and when they should be applied Oils are divided into four broad categories: comfort and relaxation You can choose between fragrances like the ‘Mélange du Martin (citrus and camomile) the ‘Hercule’ (lavender and rosemary) or ‘Verve’ (vetiver the oils are then mixed on site into your chosen shampoo Customising your toiletries obviously comes at a cost but it’s rarely this affordable – think around €16 for a shower gel €22 for a body cream or €17 for a massage oil Thanks for subscribing! Look out for your first newsletter in your inbox soon! twitterpinterestinstagramAbout us Contact us President Macron at the Musée du Quai Branly-Jacques Chirac in 2021 where 26 treasures looted from Benin went on show for five days before being returned to the West African country It is almost five years since President Emmanuel Macron of France announced his revolutionary plan to return African heritage to the continent His declaration in Burkina Faso in November 2017 that “African heritage can’t just be in European private collections and museums” reignited the debate around colonial artefacts But following Macron’s historic declaration the French government’s position on the restitution of cultural property is “confused” says the Communist Party activist Pierre Ouzoulias one of three French senators trying to set up a national expert commission that would be consulted on any future non-European restitution cases France has so far repatriated 28 African objects since Macron’s 2017 proclamation: a 19th-century sabre to Senegal and 26 items to Benin The country has also returned the crown of Madagascar’s last queen as a long-term loan from France’s Army Museum via diplomatic channels the Senate clashed with the government over a bill that would return 27 colonial-era artefacts in museum collections to Benin and Senegal Although the National Assembly and the Senate both unanimously approved the bill on its first reading in December 2020 a joint committee of senators and deputies failed to reach an agreement on the final wording the previous month The National Assembly has the power to override the Senate as it did on 17 December 2020 by voting through the restitution bill the then culture minister Roselyne Bachelot warned in November 2020 that the government wanted to maintain control of restitutions France’s Senate approved a bill—proposed by senators Catherine Morin-Desailly Max Brisson and Ouzoulias—to set up the aforementioned national expert commission The draft law also proposes facilitating the restitution of human remains in French public collections No date has yet been fixed for the bill to be debated in the National Assembly The Senate draft law may nonetheless be presented from July onwards following the legislative elections this month when the new lawmakers will take their seats in the National Assembly The direction Macron will take is a matter of debate among repatriation experts the author of Restitution: The Return of Cultural Artefacts says: “I look to Macron’s speech of 27 October 2021 at Musée du quai Branly-Jacques Chirac in Paris as an indication of the direction he will likely go: no national commission but rather a framework for ‘restitutability’ that would allow museums to make their own decisions to deaccession where warranted.” Offering a statutory framework by which restitution can be accomplished would be quite unique in the restitution field “It will need to take what has until now been a largely ethical approach and codify it into law,” Herman says President Macron meanwhile asked Jean-Luc Martinez the former director of the Musée du Louvre to establish a legislative framework for future restitutions who was appointed France’s ambassador for international cooperation on cultural heritage last summer started the process with a tour that took him to Benin and Senegal French government has opposed a new restitution bill backed by the Senate news17 December 2020French Senate and government lock horns on restitutionDeputies rejected senators' proposal for a national council to advise the government on future restitution claims Please enable JS and disable any ad blocker This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks The action you just performed triggered the security solution There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page By JOE PINKSTONE FOR MAILONLINE The legacy of the Roman Empire can today be seen from space Satellite images show lights from prospering towns surrounding Roman roads that were built 2,000 years ago researchers have confirmed that these Roman roads still act as a hot bed for economic growth and activity much in the same way they did almost two millennia ago Researchers have revealed how economic growth today is linked with Roman roads built 2,000 years ago They did this by looking at the record of Roman roads from the Digital Atlas of Roman and Medieval Civilisations (DARMC) above You can zoom in on the interactive map to find where Roman roads were built across Europe Scientists found that the backbone of many strong economies throughout have been boosted by the presence of ancient Roman highways They analysed the population density and the intensity of lights at night along almost 50,000 miles (80,000km) of Roman routes This map shows the roads that shaped the Roman empire (in red) across Europe Researchers from the universities of Copenhagen and Gothenburg studied Roman roads from AD117 using satellite images and the Digital Atlas of Roman and Medieval Civilisations (DARMC) They looked at population density and the intensity of lights at night along 50,000 miles (80,000km) of Roman roads Romans had built roads across most of the continent from Hadrian's wall down to parts of the Middle East The Romans mostly built in 'newly conquered undeveloped regions' in a bid to establish strong trade routes They purposefully built their roads to be very straight to make journey times as short as possible the scientists found 'a remarkable pattern of persistence' that showed great Roman road density was linked to greater economic activity in 2010 The main Roman roads across Britain are shown by the red lines on the map on the right which correspond to the lights seen on the left captured from the International Space Station Roman roads and nigh light intensity around Lutetia (Paris) The brighter regions around the cities and ancient roads also form a relationship between increased prevalence of Roman highways and economic prosperity Major Roman roads are shown in red and country areas are shown in white Darker areas show a higher intensity of light Via Giulia Augusta leading across the Pont Flavien in Saint-Chamas in southern France typically measuring 16 to 23ft (five to seven metres) wide They reached a height of around one-and-a-half feet (half a metre) in the centre While the Romans were famous for building roads in straight lines the discovery of a road between Ribchester and Lancaster shows they also took the natural geography of a place into account The roads were used to transport goods efficiently and for marching soldiers Preservation of Roman roads in the UK varies with some still protruding from the land and easily visible Others are hidden under earth and have only been found thanks to Lidar For decades after the 43AD Roman invasion of Britain was controlled by a Celtic tribe known as the Brigantes Roman writer Tacitus wrote it was the collapse of the marriage between Queen Cartimandua of the Brigantes - a Roman ally and her husband Venetius - that led to a showdown with Rome chariot ruts can be seen on the Via Domitia near Ambrussum Venetius organised a revolt in 69AD and Cartimandua fled The Emperor Vespasian then sent a force under Britain's new governor to put down the rebellion and conquer northern England Building roads to link up forts and settlements across this rugged landscape was a vital part of this decades-long conquest of the North  The Romans purposefully built their roads to be very straight to make journey times as short as possible Roman surveyors used a piece of equipment called a groma – a wooden cross with weights hanging down from it - to help make the roads straight Many of the roads paved direct routes between isolated regions and towns This network greatly encouraged trade at the time as the travel time was slashed Research has found that many of the roads that have existed for millennia have formed the backbone of economic routes to this day 'From a bird's-eye view, there does seem to be [a] link between the location of ancient roads and economic activity today', they said The connection, however, was not as strong in Middle Eastern and north African regions due to a move from wheeled transport to camel caravans, according to the Times This was one of the most important routes in ancient Rome and likely helped the Empire dominate for several centuries Scientists found '[a] link between the location of ancient roads and economic activity today.' preservation of Roman roads across the world varies some are still protruding from the land and easily visible Famous Roman roads in the UK include Watling Street Because Roman roads are so well-built and extensive they can be easily seen and plotted from space That is exactly what Nasa astronaut Shane Kimbrough did in 2017 Kimbrough took a series of images while flying 250 miles (400km) over Earth from the International Space Station that showed the Earth at night with lights illuminating the busy towns and cities Brussels and Paris almost looks like a painting as the dark water is interjected with flashed of light Taken by Nasa astronaut Shane Kimbrough in 2017 this image of Europe would have looked very different without the Roman road system many centuries before  Map reveals where the out-of-control Soviet spacecraft could crash Sydney Sweeney spotted flirting with MGK and Schwarzenegger in Vegas Plane crash survivors spend 36 hours in alligator infested swamp ESPN can't stop zooming in on stunning NHL fan sat behind team bench Winner stays on with Bastian Schweinsteiger Frank Lampard reveals secrets behind Coventry's turnaround Breathtaking moment Caitlin Clark repeats iconic 36-foot shot Canelo Alvarez crowned undisputed middleweight champion Spurs boss 'proud' of players despite West Ham draw Caitlin Clark returns to Iowa as she arrives for preseason game Enzo Maresca praises Cole Palmer after he ended his goal drought I bet they fixed their potholes quicker than our c.. The comments below have not been moderated We are no longer accepting comments on this article The Mail on Sunday & Metro Media Group The Local Europe ABVästmannagatan 43113 25 StockholmSweden First the classic 'sweating like a pig' also exists in French Suer comme un porc means exactly the same as the English variant and is not the most original expression on the list Je dois rentrer pour me doucher avant le dîner - I have to go back home and shower before the dinner 'To sweat like a bullock' is a very common French way of saying that you're sweating like a pig (some say it's even more common than suer comme un porc) When you're practically dripping with sweat This expression means that 'to be swimming' which means that you are practically bathing in your own sweat A similar expression is être en sueur (sweating) but être en nage implies that you're sweating a very large volume Ca fait une heure que je suis debout sous le soleil - I've been standing out in the sun for an hour Normally this expression signifies when a woman's water breaks before she gives birth - but you can also use it about sweating excessively This expression refers to your hands only and means 'to have sweaty hands' Je n'ai pas trop envie de lui serrer la main - I don't really want to shake hands with him/her Auréoles sous les bras literally translates to 'halos beneath the arms' which is a pretty way of describing dark and malodorous sweat rings Tu devrais changer ta chemise avant l'interview - You should change shirts before the interview You can also say avoir des rillettes sous les bras Rillette is similar to paté so you are basically saying that you have chunks of meat paste in your armpits This expression translates as ‘to have the curtain sticking to the windows’ Rideau (curtain) here refers to your underpants and fenêtres (windows) to your butt cheeks every time I get up my knickers are stuck to my bum It's pretty vulgar so don't use it with your French boss or mother-in-law but if you're among close friends you could impress them with your slang skills Please log in here to leave a comment Environmental inspectors from the French Biodiversity Agency carried out searches as part of an investigation into the death of a Bonelli's eagle They have seized insecticide products that may have been responsible for the death It all began in 2021 with the discovery of a Bonelli's Eagle’s remains in the commune of Saint-Chamas (13) by the Bouches-du-Rhône departmental service of the French Biodiversity Agency (OFB) The bird of prey was fitted with a GPS tag as part of a monitoring programme conducted by the PACA Conservatoire d'espaces naturels This rapid decline of the species is primarily due to persecution (de-lighting poaching) and to changes in land use: the abandonment of agriculture (and the disappearance of traditional extensive farming and stockbreeding) and the rapid development of infrastructures in particular the overhead electricity distribution network These changes have led to the closure and fragmentation of the environments used by the Bonelli's Eagle resulting in reduced availability of trophic resources and increased electrocution/impact mortality the decrease in wild rabbit populations has greatly reduced the food resources for this predator Cash donations were registered under the name of five people former Conservative candidate Mustaque Sarker and former foreign affairs minister Maxime Bernier (right) during 2008 Montreal fundraiser which has been slowly unfolding for the past three years and is now led by the Commissioner of Canada Elections could soon be transferred to the federal Public Prosecution Service of Canada for a final determination on whether charges are warranted The Conservative government this year set up the commissioner’s office to enforce the Canada Elections Act The probe was triggered in 2012 by the NDP which filed a complaint with the elections watchdog following an APTN report which revealed that the Conservative riding association in Papineau received a $5,000 cash donation from Michael Chamas a self-described international banker who left Canada following a police raid of his Montreal home which uncovered two unregistered handguns purchased in the U.S The donation was allegedly divided between five different people to avoid the $1,100 contribution limit in place at the time The riding association initially tried to return $1,000 to Chamas It is against election law to accept cash donations over $20 The APTN investigation also discovered that former immigration minister Monte Solberg’s office issued a temporary ministerial permit to Chamas’ wife following an intervention from John Crosbie a former Brian Mulroney-era cabinet minister and the former lieutenant governor of Newfoundland and Labrador The APTN investigation further revealed that John Reynolds Prime Minister Stephen Harper’s campaign co-chair in the 2006 federal election was involved along with Crosbie and David Bernstein in a plan to buy the Laurentian Bank with Chamas’ financial backing Bernstein has since died The RCMP still has a warrant out for Chamas’ arrest Chamas fled the country to avoid facing gun-related charges following a 2008 raid of his Montreal-area home The raid was part of the 2008 Operation Cancun which was executive by the Aboriginal Combined Forces Special Enforcement Unit which targeted a marijuana smuggling organization that moved the contraband through Akwesasne and into the U.S Documents obtained by APTN show that the RCMP suspected Chamas of being the banker for the drug organization One of the men identified as Chamas’ business associates has since been convicted in the U.S. of money laundering related to an organization that moved marijuana into the U.S and used proceeds from its sales to purchase cocaine from the Sinaloa cartel in Mexico which was later smuggled into Canada Chamas, also known as Mikhael J.S. Mezrahi or Mikhael Jaime Shamis Mezrahi, donated the cash during a fundraiser for former Conservative Papineau candidate Mustaque Sarker The 2008 fundraiser was attended by former foreign affairs minister Maxime Bernier Chamas told APTN in a WhatsApp message he was willing to speak with elections investigators about the probe who now bills himself as the prime minister of the San Bernardino Principality which appears to be based on a volcanic island that recently surfaced in the Red Sea off the coast of Yemen An agitated Sarker told APTN in an interview last week that he did nothing wrong “Everything has been spoken to authorities it has nothing to do with us,” said Sarker It is not my responsibility to answer these nonsense questions.” The riding association’s former auditor Robert Guindon told APTN last week that the association did receive four or five cash donations but he didn’t believe that it had ever been paid back “They accepted cash donations and the treasurer (of the association) wasn’t aware he wasn’t allowed to (receive it),” said Guindon whose Quebec City firm no longer audits riding associations said he sent a report to the elections watchdog on the issue Chamas’ former executive assistant swore in a sealed affidavit that surfaced on-line that she was asked by certain Conservative “lobbyists” and “government advisors” to help the 2006 Harper campaign by “sponsoring events” and “raising funds.” Cree also said she planted the guns found in Chamas’ house at the request of a Surete du Quebec police officer [email protected] -Editors Note: Story was updated to clarify that it is the Commission of Canada Elections that investigates breaches under the Canada Elections Act Signup to our newsletter and receive this week's top stories every Saturday morning.