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Mass Propers for Monday of the Third Week of Easter:
Entrance Antiphon: The Good Shepherd has risen
who laid down his life for his sheep and willingly died for his flock
but on every word that comes forth from the mouth of God
Jn 14:27: Peace I leave with you; my peace I give to you
Not as the world gives do I give it to you
Jn 12:24: Unless a grain of wheat falls into the ground and dies
it remains just a grain of wheat; but if it dies
putting off our old self with all its ways
for through the healing paschal remedies you have confirmed us to his nature
Who lives and reigns with you in the unity of the Holy Spirit
» Enjoy our Liturgical Seasons series of e-books!
Today the Roman Martyrology commemorates St
convert from Judaism and a professed Priest of the Order of the Brothers of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mount Carmel
Born in 1145 at Jerusalem and died by being stabbed to death in 1220 at Licata
Caterina Cittadini is also commemorated today
She was an Italian Roman Catholic religious from Bergamo who established the Ursuline Sisters of Saint Jerome Emiliani
The order was dedicated to the education of girls in Bergamo and in the surrounding areas and has since expanded outside of the Italian nation
leaving you an example that you should follow His steps" (Epistle)
The Christian slave might complain that his membership in the Church had not alleviated the harsh conditions of his life
Peter points to the example of Christ who was in all things to be the model of the Christian
neither was guile found in His mouth," but nevertheless he was subjected to persecution and injustice
But the Christian is expected to be a follower of Christ
but delivered Himself to him that judged Him unjustly." If then Christians feel that they have not achieved the liberty and the equality they long for
they are to remember that Christ had come not to right all the wrongs and injustices in the world
but to give an "example that you should follow His steps."
Men often complain against God when they suffer what they consider undeserved misfortunes
They think that God ought to interfere and punish injustice and wickedness here and now
They are like the apostles James and John; they want to call down fire from heaven and destroy those who appear to them to act improperly
Christ made it clear that all injustice will be rectified eventually
but that for the present He wishes to allow the cockle to grow among the wheat
When the proper time comes God will deal with injustice in His own way
But it is not only the slave who is to be subject to authority
and to recognize that mistreatment patiently borne is a service acceptable to God and meritorious for man
Obedience to legitimate authority does not depend on the worthiness of the official exercising authority
Christ Himself had commanded His disciples to obey the officials of the Jewish Church
even though they might not be personally worthy of the office they held
He was obedient first of all to His parents
"He went down with them and came to Nazareth
He observed the ritual and the laws of the Jewish Church
He obeyed the laws of the Roman authorities and paid the tribute they demanded
He set off on a Genoese ship on 1 April 1219 and stopped first in Messina before heading off to Civitavecchia before he ended up in Rome to meet with the pope
The friar preached in the Basilica of Saint John Lateran while in Rome where he met both Saint Francis of Assisi and Saint Dominic
He foretold that Francis would receive the stigmata while Francis foretold his premature death.st angelus of jerusalem snip From there he was a guest of the Basilians in Palermo where he was for about a month
before preaching in Agrigento for over a month before settling in Licata
He had healed seven lepers and the ailing Archbishop of Palermo Bernardo de Castanea while in Palermo
He settled on the Sicilian island though his fame as a wonderworker caused crowds to flock to him
He also had success in converting some Jews though most Jews in Palermo came to despise him for this since he himself was once Jewish
He wanted to convert a Knight named Berenger
Catholic tradition states that Berenger was living in incest and that Angelo convinced the knight’s companion to leave him
Berenger became enraged and arranged to have him attacked and murdered
in front of the Church of Saints Filippo and Giacomo in Licata
He didn’t die from the attack until four days after the attack and during that time
he prayed for his assassin and asked the civil authorities to pardon him
setting an example for all those that he preached to
He was buried at Saints Filippo and Giacomo Church
His sepulchre at Licata quickly became a site of Pilgrimage
Symbols and Representation: Carmelite with a knife in his head; Carmelite with a sword in his breast
and three crowns; Carmelite with an angel bringing him three crowns; Carmelite with lilies and roses falling from his mouth
The sisters left the orphanage in 1823 to live with their cousins Giovanni and Antonio Cittadini
Caterina became a teacher at a girl‘s public school in Somasca in 1824
The sisters felt a call to the religious life; their spiritual director recommended that they should stay in Somasca
and become the basis of a new congregation
In 1826 the sisters rented a house in Somasca
and in October opened a boarding school for girls
and instituted the oratory style of education for her girls
The sisters established another “Cittadini” private school in 1832
Giuditta directed these new school until her sudden death in 1840
followed quickly by her spiritual director from the orphanage
The rapid succession of tragedy ruined Caterina’s health
but was cured through the intercession of Saint Jerome Emilani
Caterina quit her public teaching position in 1845 to manage the schools
and guide the three companions who help her
To help organize the work and lives of her companions
she wrote the beginnings of a new rule similar to that of religious orders
In 1850 she obtained permission to build a private oratory to keep the Blessed Sacrament at her boarding school
In 1851 she applied for approval of her new religious family
and told her to write the rules of the new order; her first attempt
based on the Constitution of the Ursulines of Milano was rejected
A second attempt was accepted on 17 September 1854 under the title Orsoline Gerolimiane (Ursuline Sisters of Somasca)
the bishop of Bergamo gave his approval; the order achieved papal recognition on 8 July 1927
and to care for the abandoned; today they work in Italy
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SAINT-JÉRÔME — Lion Electric will very likely be liquidated following the Quebec government's refusal to invest more public funds in the company
says the court-appointed monitor for the electric-vehicle maker
said in a Superior Court hearing on Monday that government aid would have been a condition of any sale of the struggling company
it's unlikely any buyer will step forward with a plan to relaunch the St-Jérôme
which sought protection from its creditors in December
"The likelihood of a liquidation of assets is very high," he said
Nadon said the government's recent announcement that it would not inject any more public money into Lion Electric was a "shock wave" for the company
News reports last week said a group of buyers was seeking $24 million from the province to relaunch the electric-vehicle maker
Nadon said there was "no indication" before the government's decision that the buyers would be unable to secure that funding
But Quebec Economy Minister Christine Fréchette announced Wednesday evening in a statement on social media that it would be irresponsible to offer Lion more public money
She later told reporters she "would have expected the private sector to be more involved."
Premier François Legault invoked the return of U.S
President Donald Trump when asked about Lion Electric last week
He suggested Quebec may need to relax its targets for electrifying transportation
Quebec has already invested heavily in Lion Electric
and Legault said the province stands to lose about $140 million on the company
Nadon said he believes the government made its decision because of the "socio-political situation" with the U.S.
which he said "limits the expansion of Lion's business plan" and created "extremely significant risks" for the company's outlook
Deloitte began contacting liquidators and auctioneers who had previously been interested in selling off Lion Electric's assets
They were asked to submit offers over the weekend
and Nadon said he hopes to have a deal to present to the court next Monday
Nadon said Lion laid off all but 12 of its employees after the government announced its decision last week
He said the company is still able to pay its remaining staff
but it was unable to pay rent for all of its locations on May 1
Lion Electric manufactured electric school buses and trucks
and currently has about 1,175 school buses on the road in Quebec
But the company went through several rounds of layoffs last year and shut down production at a plant in Illinois
before entering creditor protection in December
A proposed class-action lawsuit filed by Lion Electric shareholders against the company's directors and officers
which claims they misled investors and misrepresented the company's financial health
This report by The Canadian Press was first published May 5
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No wonder Pope Francis released a letter on Scripture Sept
to mark the 1,600 anniversary of the death of St
Jerome is perhaps the biggest saint-maker in the history of the Church
gave us the foundation of our spiritual life
Jerome even saw his role as mediating Jesus Christ’s life to the world
“I will imitate the head of a household who brings out of his storehouse things both new and old,” he said
His efforts are at the heart of the life of every saint who followed him — and a great example of that is St
Jerome’s most famous saying describes the deep effect he had on the world
“Ignorance of the Scriptures is ignorance of Christ,” summing up a central paradox of Christianity
that one of the primary ways we meet Jesus Christ
Jerome spent his life creating a version of that book the Church has relied on ever since: the Latin translation from original sources that we know as the Vulgate
This is what Pope Francis’s new letter sees as the crowning achievement of St
“With the celebration of this anniversary of the death of Saint Jerome
our gaze turns to the extraordinary missionary vitality expressed by the fact that the word of God has been translated into more than three thousand languages,” he wrote
Elizabeth Bayley Seton’s life is a testimony to how the person of Jesus can be met in the pages of a book
Early in her life as a married Protestant woman
she describes reading the Old Testament “as far as Ezekiel” and reading passages of Isaiah to her sick husband
“which he enjoyed so much that he was carried for a while beyond his troubles.”
What she was reading was the King James Version of the Bible
which is an English translation of Jerome’s Vulgate
“William says he feels like a person brought to the Light after many years of darkness when he heard the Scriptures,” she said
and there she and her husband found Jesus Christ
Jerome also said: “The measure of our advancement in the spiritual life should be taken from the progress we make in the virtue of mortification.”
Jerome helped define was the idea that to lose is to gain
You can see that in his own biography and in the biographies of many other saints
Jerome was born north of Rome around 340 to a wealthy Christian family
But then a conversion experience drove him to join a hermit community and renounce his worldly possessions
Elizabeth Ann Seton followed the same trajectory
and then going from married Wall Street life in New York to convent life in Baltimore as a widow
“It should be held as certain that the greater violence we shall do ourselves in mortification
the greater advance we shall make in perfection.”
Jerome said: “Today we must translate the precepts of the Scriptures into deeds,” he wrote
He wrote this after series of natural disasters flooded his area with refugees
He left aside the intellectual work that would have worldwide influence for millennia and helped individual poor people instead
Elizabeth Ann was also a Christian with a rich intellectual life
but (even before she became Catholic) she set that aside to help refugees
In 1797 she gathered with other women at the home of Mrs
They formed the Society for the Relief of Poor Widows with Small Children
That makes her a leader of America’s first charitable society founded and run by women
In a 1798 letter Isabella Graham described the work of the society
“The success has been beyond our most sanguine expectations
We have now a hundred and ninety subscribers,” she wrote
“The poor increase fast: emigrants from all quarters flock to us
and when they come they must not be allowed to die for want.” The society served 800 individuals in their almshouses
Jerome also once sagely pointed out the paradox of mentors: “The vices of our teachers are not to be imitated
To understand Saint Jerome’s personality fully
we need to unite two dimensions that characterized his life as a believer: on the one hand
an absolute and austere consecration to God
renouncing all human satisfaction for love of Christ crucified (cf
aimed purely at an ever deeper understanding of the Christian mystery
In his letter Pope Francis said the crucifix and the library were central to St
“To understand Saint Jerome’s personality fully
renouncing all human satisfaction for love of Christ crucified
aimed purely at an ever deeper understanding of the Christian mystery,” he wrote
Elizabeth took the best of her Protestant tradition and
She said that the Episcopalian church led her to the Catholic Church
“[I]f Faith is so important to our Salvation I will seek it where true faith first beg[a]n
seek it among those who received it from God himself
the controversies on it I am quite incapable of deciding
and as the strictest Protestant allows Salvation to a good Catholic
Yet later she remembered how difficult it was for her to embrace belief in the Blessed Sacrament because of her Protestant teachers
“I was in the church many times before I dared look at the Sacred Host at the elevation
so daunted by their cry of idolatry,” she said
Now she wanted to share what she had received
“I can tell you the impossibility for a poor Protestant to see [the Real Presence] without being led step by step and the Veil lifted little by little,” she wrote
Jerome a living and tender love for Sacred Scripture
grant that your people may be ever more fruitfully nourished by your Word and find in it the fount of life.”
We can all learn from this paradox of Christianity: The more you get to know Jesus in his Scriptures
More by Tom Hoopes
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the Chapter opened during which the ancient Province of St
dependent on the Province of Saints Cyril and Methodius in Zagreb
At the beginning of the morning the President of the Chapter opened the meeting
Konrad Grzegorz Cholewa were present; after the formalities
the Decree of Constitution of the new Entity was read.Then
how to revitalize the life and mission of the Friars Minor in this vast territory
the capitular assembly proceeded to the church where the Decree appointing the Custos Br
Then they took their oath according to the prescribed rite
A solemn Eucharistic celebration allowed everyone to thank the Lord for His gifts and
to invoke His Spirit upon the journey of the newly established Custody of St
Jerome.All the friars prayed in suffrage for Pope Francis
the Minister General met with the Provincial Minister and the Definitory of the Province of Zagreb
together with the Custos and Council of the Custody of St
We entrust to the Lord the journey of this new reality of the Order
that it may bear fruits of renewal and evangelical vitality in the Franciscan witness in Croatia
Art Basel Miami Beach is the first major US fair to open since Donald Trump won the 2024 US presidential election
From breaking news and insider insights to exhibitions and events around the world
the team at The Art Newspaper picks apart the art world’s big stories with the help of special guests
An award-winning podcast hosted by Ben Luke
The Art Newspaper’s editor, Americas, Ben Sutton, and our art market editor, Kabir Jhala, are in Florida and report on the sales and the mood on the first VIP day at Art Basel Miami Beach
On 8 December, the cathedral of Notre-Dame in Paris will reopen, more than five years after the fire that partly destroyed it. Ben Luke talks to one of the architects responsible for its rise from the ashes, Pascal Prunet.
The southern rose of Notre-Dame cathedral, a 13th-century masterpiece, is revealed after its restoration
Photo: David Bordes; © Rebatir Notre-Dame de Paris
And this episode’s Work of the Week is The Madonna and Child with Saints (1526-27) by Parmigianino, better known as The Vision of Saint Jerome. The painting this week returned to public display for the first time in 10 years, in a new exhibition at the National Gallery in London, following conservation, and we talk to Maria Alambritis, the show’s co-curator.
The restored The Madonna and Child with Saints John the Baptist and Jerome (1526-7) by Parmigianino © The National Gallery, London
Brandt Junceau is a sculptor, currently teaching at the New York Studio School. Instagram: @brandtjunceau
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Watch Ash Wednesday Mass live w/ Bishop CaggianoWednesday
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joins Bishop Caggiano to answer this question
whose legacy is honored yearly at the annual Knights of Columbus Mass
Augustine Cathedral the evening of April 26
Caggiano offered Mass for the repose of the soul of Pope Francis
Caggiano is the fifth and current bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Bridgeport
the diocese hosted the Fourth Synod of the Diocese of Bridgeport—the first in 32 years—as an opportunity for reform and renewal by empowering the young Church
and promoting works of charity and justice
Bishop Caggiano has overseen the launch of the Institute for Catholic Formation
the formation of guilds for specific professions and devotions to grow in Christian discipleship in prayer and formation
and other ongoing initiatives to revitalize the liturgical and pastoral life of the diocese and to further engage the youth and young adults
“The One” is our commitment to renew the ecclesial culture of our Church and to bring every believer closer to the Lord Jesus
View video and transcripts of current and past homilies from the Bishop
The Diocese of Bridgeport is dedicated to advancing and supporting the diocesan mission of proclaiming the Gospel and serving those in need
Today is the feast day of Saint Jerome (347-420 AD)
writes Colleen Vermeulen of the Catholic Biblical School of Michigan
Jerome was born in present-day Croatia and learned Latin
Pope Damascus encouraged Jerome to translate the entire Bible from its original languages into Latin
This had never been done before and would take Jerome over two decades to complete
This insight from Jerome always motivates me to keep digging deeper into the Scriptures
Jerome observed that when Jesus says “eat my flesh and drink my blood” (John 6:53) these words refer to both the Eucharist and the words of Scripture
“if a crumb falls to the ground we are troubled,” yet “when we are listening to the word of God
and God’s Word and Christ’s flesh and blood are being poured into our ears yet we pay no heed
what great peril should we not feel?” (In Psalmum 147: CCL 78
What a challenge to be ever-alert to how the Holy Spirit might be speaking to you or I through the Bible
being part of the Catholic Biblical School ministry is a way to understand the Scriptures with the mind of the Church
inspired by the Holy Spirit – just as Saint Jerome encouraged
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+ Jerome was born in northern Italy and received a good education. He learned to write Latin and acquired a love of the classics. In 374, Jerome traveled to the Holy Land and spent time with a group of monks in Calchis. It was during this time that he learned Hebrew.
+ After studying Scripture in Constantinople, Jerome went to Rome, where he served as secretary for Pope Saint Damasus.
+ In 384, Jerome settled in Bethlehem, where his study of Scripture bore great fruit. In addition to translating the Bible into Latin, he composed several commentaries on Scripture and became the spiritual director for a group of nuns under the direction of Saint Paula.
+ Between 410 and 4121, Jerome set aside his studies to provide shelter and care for Roman refugees who had sought shelter in Bethlehem after Saracens invaded Palestine. At that time he wrote, “I cannot help them all, but I grieve and weep with them. Completely involved in the activities charity imposes on me, I have set aside my commentary on Ezekiel and almost all study. For today we must translate the words of Scripture into deeds, and instead of speaking saintly words we must act them.”
+ Jerome died in 420. In 1298, he was named a Doctor of the Church. He is honored as the patron of those who study and teach Sacred Scripture.
+ Saint Jerome’s Latin translation of the Bible was the result of a commission given to him in 382 by Pope Saint Damasus to revise the “Old Latin” Gospels then used by the Church. Jerome’s translation came to be known as the Latin “Vulgate” and was the Church’s official translation of the Bible (with minor changes) until 1979 when the Nova (“New”) Vulgate was promulgated.
“How could one live without the knowledge of Scripture, through which one learns to know Christ himself, who is the life of believers?”—Saint Jerome
On this day, we also remember the Jesuit priest and martyr Blessed Jean-Nicolas Cordier. Arrested during the anti-Catholic persecutions of the French Revolution, he was imprisoned on the ship Washington of the coast of Rochefort, France, where he died of starvation and neglect on September 30, 1794. He was beatified with other “Martyrs of the Hulks of Rochefort” in 1995.
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'Spectacularly inventive' painting is back on display at the National Gallery after lengthy restoration
Now back on display after a decade of restoration work
the Italian mannerist Parmigianino's "huge" altarpiece "The Vision of Saint Jerome" (1526-27) is no cosy nativity scene
The composition sees Jerome sleeping in the wilderness
as the Virgin and Child materialise above him in the night sky
a loincloth-clad John the Baptist gestures towards the divine vision
Yet instead of following conventional representations
Parmigianino chose to pack the already hallucinatory scene with "flamboyant" gestures
the painting of which was interrupted when "Charles V's mutinous imperial troops brutally sacked the city"
Soldiers broke into the artist's studio; but
according to the art historian Giorgio Vasari
they were so impressed by the work in progress that they allowed him "to carry on with it"
"There cannot be many depictions of religious events as weird and wacky as this": John the Baptist
"with action hero muscles and a kung fu pose"
seems to lean out of the picture into our world as Mary and Jesus float down from the heavens
"looks as if he's been hitting the grappa and has fallen over in a hedgerow"
The excellent restoration has done nothing to dull the picture's originality
instead giving "a new lease of life" to this "weird
gripping and spectacularly inventive masterpiece"
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My new morning habit this school year is a big hit with my kids
Every morning we’ve read aloud a short biography about a saint from Through the Year with Tomie dePaola, or sometimes I use the Universalis app to look up the saint of the day
It’s been a quick and fun way to learn more about the saints and keep up with the feasts of the liturgical year
Last week I looked ahead to see what saints were coming up
and noticed a familiar name on the calendar
“Guess whose feast day is coming up next week?” I asked my kids
“Here’s a clue: You learned about him at Vacation Bible School…”
My kids had come home with crafts about St
Jerome from the fantastic Vacation Bible School a local Catholic parish hosts every summer
Jerome is not generally the most well-known saint among kids
but the VBS crew focused on his life for a special reason
Jerome came with this memorable caption:
Jerome reminds us that even saints are not perfect
Jerome comes up in conversation.
When my kids and I make mistakes and feel discouraged in our efforts to do the right thing
This simple little reminder has become a regular phrase of encouragement in our home
I asked my five-year-old why it’s important to know about St
Jerome and my kids: You don’t have to be perfect to be a saint
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CLEVELAND — Two separate incidents in one week at St
Jerome Catholic School on Lakeshore Boulevard led to two students' expulsion
according to a letter sent home to parents Thursday
The first incident happened on Wednesday when a student brought gummy edibles to the school and passed them out to other students
While the letter did not say if any students got sick
the letter does state that the edibles were found to be laced with Fentanyl
Some parents who spoke to News 5 outside the school Friday afternoon were shocked
It hurt my heart to hear something like that [happened] at an elementary school
It really bothered me to hear that a couple of students got rushed to the emergency room," said one parent who asked to remain anonymous
So it kind of scared me because people die from Fentanyl," said Akili Mustafa
the parent of a second grader at the school
Jerome Catholic School and believes they handled the situation
she hopes there is better communication with parents in the future
did not bring home a letter detailing the incidents
because he didn't get a letter sent home," Mustafa said
The school also began searching the bags of seventh and eighth-grade students
a student was found to have brought a Taser to school
and the co-principal stated that no threat was made
School officials asked parents to sit down and have a talk with their children about the dangers of drugs
"That's the conversation that I do have to have with him,” Mustafa said
The school plans to continue with book bag searches all next week
MONTREAL – As part of its Scouting and Development Centre (CIP)
CF Montréal announced on Tuesday the addition of its newest partner club
Club de Soccer Les Ambassadeurs de Saint-Jérôme
“It's with great excitement that we welcome Les Ambassadeurs de Saint-Jérôme as our new partner club
said Academy Director Marinos Papageorgopoulos
Club de Soccer de Saint-Jérôme plays an active role in players development in its region
and we're excited to help them grow and start working with them in its community
" We are delighted to announce the signing of a three-year partnership with CF Montréal
said Les Ambassadeurs’ president Michel Dorais
This landmark agreement will enable our Ambassadeurs to pursue their development
while benefiting from privileged access to training and technical support for both our players and coaches
This collaboration reinforces our commitment to the club's ongoing
The Ambassadeurs are extremely proud to make this partnership official today.“
CF Montréal now has 14 CIP partner clubs: FC Laval
Club de Soccer Optimum de Victoriaville and Club de Soccer Les Ambassadeurs de Saint-Jérôme
As CF Montréal has sought to establish a more sustained collaboration plan with its partners
the Scouting and Development program was revised in 2021
This new consultative partnership formula allows participating clubs like Club de Soccer de Saint-Jérôme to take full advantage of the Club’s resources
both at the technical and administrative levels
Partner clubs also have exclusive access to CF Montréal activities and initiatives such as tournaments
the Scouting and Development Centre is a high-performance development and identification program developed by the Club’s Academy and its educators
The initiative includes visits with partner clubs and is part of a broader desire to share the Academy's knowledge
and methodologies to strengthen ties with the Quebec soccer community
fasting and almsgiving in preparation for Easter
the season is also a time to give to the school that has meant so much to their relatives for several generations
Jerome Regional School with a long-lasting gift in the form of an outdoor walking Stations of the Cross that he built
Mummey said his inspiration for the project came from his travels with his family
they have several different outdoor Stations of the Cross,” he said
there are a lot of churches that will have either outdoor Rosary paths or outdoor Stations
what a great use of the grove in front of the school (St
to be able to go through there and do something ..
to use that space for Stations and add to the outward Catholic identity of the school.”
The project began a year ago after Mummey spoke to Principal Amy Hannis-Miskar about the importance of creating a Catholic identity outside the school
She approved the idea and Mummey’s research to find items that would withstand the outdoors for years began
He found prints from Vietnam that had the vibrant colors he was looking for and with the help of Dawn’s Vinyl in Tamaqua
they were able to source them and make UV-coated vinyl prints that have been attached onto aluminum panels
Mummey then used his woodworking skills to construct cedar frames for each station
The family had the pieces blessed by their priest and hung them throughout the grove at the school last week
“We made it a family project to go over and install them together,” Mummey said
who is currently an eighth grade student at St
who graduated from the school in 2020 and is currently a freshman in college
“It’s nice to see the whole family put time into the school,” AJ said
noting that his family has a long history here
going back to a great uncle being in the first graduating class
“It’s always great to come back,” Jakob added
I’m always very happy to come back and support the schools that gave me so much.”
Hannis-Miskar thanked the Mummey family for both their generous gift and their dedication to the school over the years
“This project is a meaningful addition to our school
made possible by the generosity of the Mummey family,” she said
“The Stations of the Cross offer a beautiful opportunity for reflection
and we are honored to have them at our school
as parents and students pass by these images
they will be reminded of Christ’s powerful journey
encouraging deeper moments of prayer and personal reflection
The Stations of the Cross give our community a visual and tangible way to reflect on Christ’s journey
and faculty to pause and connect with their faith throughout the day.”
Both Mummey and Hannis-Miskar agree that this new element to the school will enhance the students’ religious education by experiencing their faith outside of the classroom
they can learn more about the story of Christ’s passion
and connect the teachings of the Church to their daily lives
It serves as a powerful visual tool that encourages contemplation
operates out of an event space at the Parish of Saint Jerome’s Old Catholic Church
The venue is designed as a true listening room
reverent atmosphere where the music takes center stage
Saint Cecilia’s focuses entirely on the art of music
creating a culture of appreciation for singer-songwriters and performers
Image Provided By: Saint Cecilia's Listening Room
The venue also offers a weekly songwriter open mic night every Thursday
providing a platform for emerging artists to perform and connect with other musicians
further fostering a sense of community among music lovers
Saint Cecilia’s aims to expand its reach and grow its audience
striving to raise awareness about the space and its mission to celebrate music in its purest form
For more information about upcoming events and opportunities to participate, visit Saint Cecilia’s Listening Room on social media or at SaintCeciliasTulsa.com
For more information about upcoming events and opportunities to participate, visit Saint Cecilia’s Listening Room on social media or at SaintCeciliasTulsa.com
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Jerome Regional School Christian of the Month students for December were recently named
The Christian of the Month Award recognizes students who display good character on a consistent basis and serve as student role models throughout the month
Breaking news for everyone's consumption
Jerome cheese because of potential Listeria monocytogenes contamination
The potential for contamination was noted after routine testing by the Kentucky Department of Public Health revealed the presence of Listeria monocytogenes in a package of St
Jerome cheese was distributed via wholesale customers
and through Kenny’s Farmhouse Cheese website — kennyscheese.com
Food contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes may not look or smell spoiled but can still cause serious and sometimes life-threatening infections
Anyone who has eaten any of the recalled products and developed symptoms of Listeria infection should seek medical treatment and tell their doctors about possible Listeria exposure
anyone who has eaten any of the recalled products should monitor themselves for symptoms during the coming weeks because it can take up to 70 days after exposure to Listeria for symptoms of listeriosis to develop.
Symptoms of Listeria infection can include vomiting
Specific laboratory tests are required to diagnose Listeria infections
and people such as cancer patients who have weakened immune systems are particularly at risk of serious illnesses
Although infected pregnant women may experience only mild
their infections can lead to premature delivery
no illnesses have been reported in connection with this recalled lot
The production of the product has been suspended while the FDA and the company continue to investigate the source of the problem
Consumers who have purchased should not consume the product and are urged to return them to the place of purchase for a full refund or dispose of the product
(To sign up for a free subscription to Food Safety News, click here.)
Jerome Regional School recently named the Christian of the Month students for January
Jerome Regional School Christian of the Month students for February 2025 are
1 Blue; and Cooper McArdle- Kindergarten Blue
The Italian old master Parmigianino (1503-40) is one of those artists for whom the label “old master” feels ill-fitting
lively and weird — to sit comfortably in the past
so there was no time to slow down or grow wise
Parmigianino would be the boy with his finger up who’s always screaming: “Please
I encountered him in depth while making a television series about art’s wildest movement: mannerism
mannerism was both a revolt against the rules of the Renaissance
Artlyst
also known as ‘The Vision of Saint Jerome’
It returns to public display for the first time in 10 years following conservation
Born in the Northern Italian city of Parma
Girolamo Francesco Maria Mazzola (1503‒1540) was a child prodigy
where he impressed the Pope and was praised as a ‘Raphael reborn’
This altarpiece was his first major work there
the Sack of Rome erupted around him while he finished the painting
looting Imperial soldiers invading his studio were so amazed by it that they let him continue
Parmigianino made many drawings to work out his final composition
They range from velvety chalk studies to swirling pen and ink sketches
We reunite a variety of them with the painting for the first time
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Born in the Northern Italian city of Parma in 1503
Girolamo Francesco Maria Mazzola came to be known as Parmigianino
meaning “the little one from Parma”
Compared to Raphael as a precocious giftedly young man
the artist’s huge talent was always at odds with his nickname
Tragically he too was fated to die at the age of 37
the National Gallery has been restoring Parmigianino’s magnificent Mannerist altarpiece
as part of the Trafalgar Square institution’s bicentennial celebrations
the end result is unleashed within a frame especially crafted to provide a sense of the painting’s original 16th-century church location
Displayed in room 46 of the National Gallery – the setting for some memorable small shows in recent times like Hockney and Piero – the exhibition sets out to explore the creative process behind Parmigianino’s The Vision of Saint Jerome (1526-27) also known as The Madonna and Child with Saints
The work was intended for a chapel in the church of San Salvatore in Lauro belonging to the Caccialupi family
the artist would never see its installation after he took the decision to flee following the sacking of Rome in 1527
The painting was hidden away for its own protection
only to re-emerge when the patron’s heirs transferred it to their family church in Città di Castello
the British National Gallery would acquire the three-and-a-half metre work in 1826
Painted in the years of the Mannerist period
the masterpiece finds the Parmese artist breaking with earlier Renaissance doctrine and exploring a more stylised mode of representation
His interest in the aesthetic potential of anatomical distortion is attested to by his later Florentine work of 1535-40
Madonna with the Long Neck (not on show at the National Gallery) and the remarkable Self–Portrait in a Convex Mirror he produced at 21
an image of which features at the start of the current exhibition
In the lower half of the Vision of Saint Jerome
draped in an animal skin and wielding a long cross uses an unnaturally elongated right arm and outstretched finger to direct the gaze upwards to the presence of the Christ child behind
Parmigianino is conceivably referring to the Baptist’s “Behold the Lamb of God” quotation in the biblical gospel of St John
adorned in rose pink and bathing in a celestial light amongst dark clouds
has a distinctly statuesque quality whilst the infant Jesus has been imbued with a self-possession and mischievousness bordering on impudence
Saint Jerome lies fast asleep on the ground behind John the Baptist
potentially experiencing the scene before us as a vision
Beside him are a red cardinal hat and human skull added comparatively late by Parmigianino to identify the ageing priest
The general consensus is that the conservation of the painting has proved a huge success
Layers of old varnish have been removed along with retouching
thus highlighting the quality of the artist’s brushwork and vibrant colour palette
The lush greens and reds have a special energy to them
The altarpiece was Parmigianino’s first big commission after he relocated to Rome at the age of 21 where he mightily impressed Pope Clement VII
when the ancient city was sacked in 1527 by the mutinous troops of the Holy Roman emperor
the soldiers entered his studio hell-bent on plunder only to be mesmerised and subdued by the sheer quality of his work
much attention was given to the pivotal role that drawing played in the artist’s practice
Parmigianino did not limit himself to one method
A consummate and inventive draughtsman of the highest order
he is found here using pen and brown wash with white heightening to arrange the reclining Jerome’s body
Study for Saint Jerome (1526) sees the artist placing the sleeping saint’s body in a serpentine twist through the head
perhaps influenced by the exaggerated musculature of Michelangelo’s male figures in the Sistine chapel
Study for a Composition of the Virgin and Christ Child with Saint John the Baptist and Saint Jerome (1526) is believed to be the sole preparatory study of the entire composition still in existence
placing the Virgin and Christ child above and John the Baptist alongside Jerome beneath
It was deemed to be unsatisfactory having necessitated that the saints be diminished in scale to accommodate them in the narrow panel
There is rich evidence throughout the exhibition of the dynamism and fluidity of Parmigianino’s drawing
the act of drawing was something of an obsession for him
There are chalk studies in the current show displaying equal facility
Studies of Saints John the Baptist and Jerome
a Crucifix and Various Heads from around 1526
rendered in red chalk on paper depicts Jerome reclining but awake
The artist deploys cross-hatching and subtle usage of shadow
Parmigianino loosely sketches some incongruous extra figures
The National Gallery has assembled a small but perfectly formed exhibition
which serves to showcase both the tremendous talent of this Mannerist master and his ability to assimilate the styles of Michelangelo and Raphael in Rome as well as ancient sculpture
Parmigianino’s superb draughtsmanship really comes to the fore as a veil is lifted to reveal the creative process that shaped the design and ultimate execution of one of this visionary artist’s masterpieces
James White Image: Detail from Parmigianino
Parmigianino: The Vision of Saint Jerome is at the National Gallery from 5th December 2024 until 9th March 2025. For further information or to book visit the exhibition’s website here
this talk will explore the power of love to transform the disunity that currently keeps us from each other
and knowing that is to never be homesick again
is the founder of Homeboy Industries in Los Angeles
Boyle served as pastor of Dolores Mission Church in Boyle Heights
Dolores Mission was the poorest Catholic parish in Los Angeles that also had the highest concentration of gang activity in the city
Boyle witnessed the devastating impact of gang violence on his community during the so-called “decade of death” that began in the late 1980s and peaked at 1,000 gang-related killings in 1992
In the face of law enforcement tactics and criminal justice policies of suppression and mass incarceration as the means to end gang violence
he and parish and community members adopted what was a radical approach at the time: treat gang members as human beings
they started what would eventually become Homeboy Industries
which employs and trains former gang members in a range of social enterprises
as well as provides critical services to thousands of individuals who walk through its doors every year seeking a better life
Boyle is the author of the 2010 New York Times-bestseller Tattoos on the Heart: The Power of Boundless Compassion
Followed by Barking to the Choir: The Power of Radical Kinship (2017) and The Whole Language: The Power of Extravagant Tenderness (2021)
Recently he debuted Forgive Everyone Everything
an anthology of writings accompanied by Fabian Debora’s artwork
He has received the California Peace Prize and been inducted into the California Hall of Fame
He received the University of Notre Dame’s 2017 Laetare Medal
the oldest honor given to American Catholics
Homeboy Industries was the recipient of the 2020 Hilton Humanitarian Prize validating 32 years of Fr
Greg Boyle’s vision and work by the organization for over three decades
Most recently he was one of the recipients of the 2024 Presidential Medal of Freedom
Undergraduate Studies
Master of Catholic Thought
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Food Services
Jerome’s University and the University of Waterloo reside and operate on the traditional territory of the Attawandaron
Our University is situated on the Haldimand Tract
the land Frederick Haldimand granted to the Haudenosaunee of the Six Nations of the Grand River in 1784 that includes 10 kilometers on both sides of the Grand River and extends from its source to Lake Erie
We give thanks for the privilege to work and live on this land
and we are committed to building respectful relationships with Indigenous people and communities
and learn how we can have an active role in reconciliation
Feast Day: September 30 – CNA
monk and Doctor of the Church renowned for his extraordinary depth of learning and translations of the Bible into Latin in the Vulgate
is celebrated by the Church with his memorial today
Besides his contributions as a Church Father and patronage of subsequent Catholic scholarship
Jerome is also regarded as a patron of people with difficult personalities—owing to the sometimes extreme approach which he took in articulating his scholarly opinions and the teaching of the Church
He is also notable for his devotion to the ascetic life
and for his insistence on the importance of Hebrew scholarship for Christians
Born around 340 as Eusebius Hieronymous Sophronius in present-day Croatia
Jerome received Christian instruction from his father
who sent him to Rome for instruction in rhetoric and classical literature
His youth was thus dominated by a struggle between worldly pursuits –which brought him into many types of temptation– and the inclination to a life of faith
a feeling evoked by regular trips to the Roman catacombs with his friends in the city
Jerome traveled widely among the monastic and intellectual centers of the newly Christian empire
following the end of a local crisis caused by the Arian heresy
he studied theology in the famous schools of Trier and worked closely with two other future saints
who were outstanding teachers of orthodox theology
Seeking a life more akin to the first generation of “desert fathers,” Jerome left the Adriatic and traveled east to Syria
visiting several Greek cities of civil and ecclesiastical importance on the way to his real destination: “a wild and stony desert … to which
with no other company but scorpions and wild beasts.”
Jerome’s letters vividly chronicle the temptations and trials he endured during several years as a desert hermit
after his ordination by the bishop of Antioch
followed by periods of study in Constantinople and service at Rome to Pope Damasus I
Jerome opted permanently for a solitary and ascetic life in the city of Bethlehem from the mid-380s
Jerome remained engaged both as an arbitrator and disputant of controversies in the Church
and served as a spiritual father to a group of nuns who had become his disciples in Rome
Monks and pilgrims from a wide array of nations and cultures also found their way to his monastery
where he commented that “as many different choirs chant the psalms as there are nations.”
Rejecting pagan literature as a distraction
Jerome undertook to learn Hebrew from a Christian monk who had converted from Judaism
Somewhat unusually for a fourth-century Christian priest
striving to maintain the connection between Hebrew language and culture
and the emerging world of Greek and Latin-speaking Christianity
Jerome spent 15 years translating most of the Hebrew Bible into its authoritative Latin version
His harsh temperament and biting criticisms of his intellectual opponents made him many enemies in the Church and in Rome and he was forced to leave the city
following the command of Christ: ‘Search the Scriptures,’ and ‘Seek and you shall find.’ For if
Christ is the power of God and the wisdom of God
and if the man who does not know Scripture does not know the power and wisdom of God
then ignorance of Scriptures is ignorance of Christ.”
After living through both Barbarian invasions of the Roman empire
and a resurgence of riots sparked by doctrinal disputes in the Church
Jerome died in his Bethlehem monastery in 420
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a masterpiece by Parmigianino (Girolamo Francesco Maria Mazzola; Parma
1540) is returning to public view at the National Gallery in London after careful conservation work: this is the Vision of St
a masterpiece of sixteenth-century Italian painting that arrived at the National Gallery in 1826
two years after the institution was founded
The work is displayed in an exhibition along with a selection of some of the most important preparatory drawings
tracing the development of Parmigianino’s unique final composition
Through works loaned from important national and international collections
the exhibition aims to offer visitors the opportunity to follow the artist’s creative process
and to immerse themselves in the mind of one of the most innovative artists of the 16th century.Scholar Maria Alambritis
“We are very fortunate to have Parmigianino’s Roman masterpiece
Its return to public view after a decade is a very special moment to celebrate its importance
and this exhibition offers an unprecedented opportunity to encounter the painting along with a selection of its exceptional preparatory drawings
I hope visitors will be delighted to discover this magnificent work and immerse themselves in Parmigianino’s extremely elegant style and unique visionary world.”
Parmigianino attracted the attention of wealthy and cultured patrons from a very young age
His growing fame as an artist preceded his arrival in Rome around May 1524
and he was received personally by Pope Clement VII
Rome at the time was dominated by Raphael’s serene and classicist style
and refinement of execution evident in Parmigianino’s early works led him to be hailed as a kind of Raphael reborn
a title the work acquired in the 19th century because of the pose of St
was painted by Parmigianino when he was only 23 years old during his brief period in Rome
as an altarpiece for a chapel in the church of San Salvatore in Lauro
an important religious complex in the heart of Rome
The work represented a great opportunity for the young artist at a crucial moment in his career: however
the painting would never be installed in the church for which it was intended
Parmigianino was in fact working on this altarpiece in 1527 at the outbreak of the disastrous Sack of Rome
When Charles V’s imperial troops raided the artist’s studio
they were so amazed by the painting that they allowed Parmigianino to continue working
the artist fled Rome and the painting was hidden for safety
It was recovered only by the patron’s heirs long after the artist’s death and transferred in 1558 to the family church in Città di Castello
In 1790 the work was purchased by English painter James Durno and transferred to England
After a few passages it ended up in the collection of Reverend Holwell Carr
who in 1826 sold the work to the National Gallery in London
Parmigianino’s altarpiece demonstrates the breadth of influences he absorbed in Rome
from the art of Raphael and Michelangelo to ancient sculpture
More than just a collection of works by other artists
it reveals Parmigianino’s unique visionary approach to image-making
Against the rays of light seen at the top of the altarpiece
a majestic Madonna in pink is seated on a throne of billowing clouds
and below of two main figures we admire the figure of John the Baptist gazing down at us as his arm
long by an unnatural and unrealistic length
directs our attention upward toward the holy mother and child above
a sleeping Jerome seems strangely oblivious to the divine apparition
reclining in the dense tangle of roots and leaves grown around him
Parmigianino was one of the most talented and prolific draftsmen of the 16th century
Nearly 1,000 drawings attributed to him survive today
Parmigianino devoted numerous drawings to the development of the Vision of Saint Jerome
velvety studies executed in chalk to swirling sketches in pen and ink
These sheets reveal his exquisite drawing skills and his extraordinary mastery of all media
Recent conservation treatment has removed accumulated layers of old varnish and retouching
revealing the lively quality of Parmigianino’s brushwork and rich coloring
created by the National Gallery’s Framing Department
is designed based on surviving contemporary examples and gives a sense of the church’s original setting
characterized by incredibly elongated figures and an air of refinement combined with an unexpected subversion of space
paved the way for the development of the style later known as Mannerism
With its extreme verticality of composition
this painting has astonished viewers for nearly 500 years
The exhibition catalog provides an in-depth resource on the painting by the exhibition’s curators
with contributions from guests such as Aimee Ng
curator of the Frick Collection in New York
head of conservation and custodian of the collection at the National Gallery
The catalog also features a special section of plates with full-page illustrations of all known preparatory drawings
Maria Alambritis’ research presented in this exhibition was supported by the Rick Mather David Scrase Foundation
San Agustín y san Jerónimo fueron contemporáneos
compartiendo gran parte de la vida cultural y eclesial de la época
desarrollando gran parte de su vida en el norte de África e Italia
conmemorándose su muerte cada año el 30 de septiembre
fue estrecha y rica en intercambio intelectual
En la Carta 82
Agustín se dirige a Jerónimo con un gesto significativo: «hermano santo digno de ser honrado en las entrañas de Cristo y copresbítero»
Este saludo fraterno revela una conexión espiritual que trasciende las posibles diferencias teológicas
donde el respeto mutuo y la camaradería convivían con debates intelectuales intensos
ambos muestran un claro deseo de discutir temas teológicos de manera seria y profunda
deja ver su preferencia por un debate riguroso sobre las Escrituras
al afirmar que prefiere «discutir en serio» antes que «jugar» con los textos sagrados
Agustín invita a Jerónimo a una discusión seria sobre las Escrituras
rechazando interpretaciones superficiales Este intercambio de ideas revela que la búsqueda de la verdad era un pilar fundamental en su relación
y que ambos santos se tomaban con gran seriedad su tarea intelectual
Las tensiones surgidas entre Jerónimo y Rufino
son un claro ejemplo de las dificultades que atravesaban
La pérdida de la amistad entre estos dos hombres impactó también la dinámica entre Agustín y Jerónimo
compartían una preocupación común por la reconciliación y el perdón
Este deseo de restaurar la unidad dentro del cuerpo de Cristo refleja su profunda convicción de que la comunidad cristiana debía mantenerse unida a pesar de las diferencias
La correspondencia entre Agustín y Jerónimo plantea cuestiones relevantes aún hoy
¿Cómo abordamos las diferencias en nuestras comunidades
¿Qué papel juega el diálogo en la búsqueda de la verdad
Su relación nos recuerda que el respeto y la humildad son esenciales en cualquier discusión teológica
En un mundo donde las divisiones pueden ser profundas
el ejemplo de estos dos grandes pensadores cristianos nos invita a valorar la diversidad de pensamientos dentro del marco de una fe compartida
y a priorizar el entendimiento mutuo sobre la discordia
La correspondencia entre ambos es un testimonio del poder del diálogo intelectual y espiritual
para el amor fraternal en la búsqueda conjunta de la verdad
Exo will begin the commissioning of a new generation of bi-level railcars on June 25, as 44 new 2050 railcars will gradually enter service on Line 12 - Saint-Jerome in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, increasing the reliability and capacity of the commuter rail network.
The transit provider says the new 2050 railcars will make for a more comfortable and accessible journey through multiple features:
Exo makes the accessibility of its train and bus network a priority and continues to improve the infrastructure inherited from the commuter rail network. The addition of 18 new, accessible railcars on Line 12 - Saint-Jerome is a concrete action of its Accessibility Development Plan 2023-2027, which also provides for the development of platform-train links at nine stations on the line, facilitating the boarding and alighting of persons with functional limitations.
"The development of public transit depends on its attractiveness and our investments in these new railcars will better meet the needs of citizens of the North Shore and Laval. Our government will continue to support public transit for the benefit of all Quebecers," said Deputy Premier of Quebec and Minister of Transports and Sustainable Mobility Geneviève Guilbault.
"It should be noted that the design to North American standards and the implementation of these new railcars were carried out in accordance with the allocated budget and with the needs of our users in mind. Despite the pandemic requiring patience, the outcome of this collaboration is remarkable, providing a modern commuter train that progressively becomes more accessible to all our customers," said Josée Bérubé, chair of exo's Board of Directors.
The 2050 railcars are made by CRRC.
"Our new railcars have undergone final testing on our network since winter and exo staff are thrilled with their exceptional quality and design, which perfectly meet our needs and those of our customers. We look forward to users finally using our new railcars starting next Tuesday," said Sylvain Yelle, exo general manager.
Join the conversation You can save this article by registering for free here. Or sign-in if you have an account
Subscribe now to read the latest news in your city and across Canada
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Lion Electric had previously suggested asset sales were an option as it scrambled to cut costs and find fresh funding
but had made no mention of selling the firm outright
Lion Electric has announced losses topping $131 million over the past four quarters and at least 520 layoffs so far this year, or more than 40 per cent of its workforce.
The company’s shares fell five per cent to 46 cents by midday Monday, far below highs that topped $24 in mid-2021.
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London
Standing in front of ‘The Vision of Saint Jerome’ is like slipping down a water slide
The most important painting by sixteenth century Italian maestro Girolamo Francesco Maria Mazzola
a commission for a nobleman’s burial chapel
John the Baptist kneels before you at the bottom of the altarpiece
dressed – though barely – in furs
to point you towards the scene at the apex
the Virgin Mary and Christ child – both monumentally huge – perch on a crescent moon
circuitous composition not only dominates you
but forces you to follow its curving course
It forces your line of sight to spiral upwards
seemingly asleep in a densely overgrown forest
History seems to have lost the answers to that question
But that sense of mystery only adds to the genuinely imposing
and flanked by excellent preparatory sketches
this painting is one of the UK’s most mesmerising works of renaissance art
but in all Parmigianino’s dazzling artistry I almost saw the light
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We take for granted the Titians and Botticellis that hang in galleries across the United States
little aware of the appetites and inclinations of those who acquired them
Berenson’s opinion represented that of many American elites
people of means wanted art with a richer historical past
They were seduced by the appeal of Europe’s long history of artistic production and its canonical creators
But what accounts for the volume of treasures that ended up in museums across the United States
The fascinating story involves scheming art dealers
shifting economic fortunes and religious realities in Europe
as well as the desire to create a tangible personal legacy
Although art historical writing had flourished since Giorgio Vasari’s Lives of the Artists
art consumers of the nineteenth century were particularly reliant on the expertise of the artists and art enthusiasts who published and became authorities on specific subjects
They needed guidance on what was best to buy
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there were three key reasons to become a patron: to honor God
and to secure one’s immortality by means of cultural legacy
These aspirations captivated a small sector of affluent Americans
While they couldn’t commission original artworks from Renaissance masters, these would-be patrons could fashion themselves as “merchant princes,” according to Holler and Klose-Ullmann, and build collections as extensive as those of the Medicis before them
“liked the idea of legitimizing their immense wealth by spending some of it on art
thus demonstrating and legitimizing their importance and power.”
The authors add that John Pierpont Morgan, for instance, became celebrated as an “American Medici,” while Berenson dubbed Isabella Stewart Gardner the Isabella D’Este of her day
after one of the most influential women in Renaissance Italy
Other prominent collectors included names nearly synonymous with American museums today: Andrew Mellon
an American artist and expert in Romanesque and Gothic sculpture
with his specialty in the Italian Renaissance
tacking between collectors and those with intimate knowledge of institutions looking to sell their holdings
On the flip side were people like the Duveen family and Jacques Seligmann
a prominent Paris-based art dealer who sold works to clients including John Pierpont Morgan and Henry Walters
medieval and early modern works enchanted American collectors and sold for sky-high prices
Holler and Klauss-Ullmann quote a letter from Gardner to Berenson describing how Duveen wanted her to pay £4000 (equivalent to $19,480 in 1909 and $671,199 today) for a bust of Mara Strozzi by Luca Della Robbia
The deals between Berenson and the Duveens—who enjoyed a mutually beneficial financial relationship—were only sometimes above board
Berenson received payouts from the Duveens for referring and introducing collectors
while the Duveens sought to control the market
It was in their best mutual interest for the value of Renaissance works to remain high
so if a collector didn’t want a piece anymore
rather than allowing them to sell it privately
the Duveens bought it back at the same value it was sold to the collector
regardless of how the market valued the piece
This ensured the value of a particular artist or work never declined
dealers and brokers sourced works for American clients from museums
works in Europe had been on the move for hundreds of years as museums traded amongst themselves and as wars
and other continental and personal milestones came and went
Americans in Europe became eager to “drain” European collections
whose stewards were vulnerable to shifting economic and political realities
members of the aristocracy sold artworks to keep their themselves afloat
Stock market crashes bankrupted some families
forcing them to sell off entire collections
Heavy inheritance taxes also induced some families to re-evaluate the size and scope of their holdings
sought the security of American currency and were willing
this provision helped spur the establishment both of new museums in the US and a system of permanent artwork loans
the Payne-Aldrich bill reformed art taxation laws and abolished import fees for artworks more than 100 years old
much of the European art purchased by Americans departed for the States
more than £1 million—or about $185,696,518 in today’s US dollars—worth of art left England for America
art-filled building provides the lasting legacy that Rucellai advocated for centuries ago
who served as director of the Frick Collection and Chairman of European Paintings at the Metropolitan Museum of Art before retiring
In August 1917, British art historian Robert C. Witt noted that Johnson’s collection was “probably more representative of the pictures of all schools and periods than any other private collection in the world.” Johnson was particular about how his art was donated
wanting the Philadelphia Museum of Art to build a dedicated gallery for his collection
Some museum professionals even secured works with money from their own pockets, assuming an initial financial risk. According to The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin
used $100,000 of his own funds in 1870 to buy 174 European paintings
Though these works initially enjoyed only a lukewarm reception
their reputation grew alongside American tastes for works from the Northern Renaissance
Many connoisseurs also assembled collections of their own. Barnard founded The Cloisters, America’s first museum devoted to medieval art, with his own holdings. It opened to in 1914 with what Christina M. Nielsen has called “creative pastiches” of churches
and decorative objects that sought to transport the public to a different time
Berenson also boasted an extensive personal collection of art
which he donated alongside his enormous Italian villa
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