Following the Eyes of the Dragon opening ceremony the parade will take to the streets of the town with a giant dragon batucadas and a snake created by the schools Follow the procession with your loved ones to music until nightfall Other highlights of the day include the choir and the Dragon Bleu show combining dance and kung-fu demonstrations get ready for an epic fireworks display followed by a dance party that will electrify the town until 10pm Refer your establishment, click here Promote your event, click here My NewsSign Out Sign InCreate your free profileSections news Alerts Roma is an umbrella term which European Union authorities use to refer to semi-nomadic groups which number around 300,000 in France - most of them French citizens Around 10-12 million Roma are spread throughout Europe Spain and Germany have long struggled to deal with tensions between them and local communities just launched the trial phase of its new 100% electric shuttle service a 6-metre-long electric bus will be delivered this summer with the company Bluestation (that belongs to Bollorè group The city of Triel-sur-Seine, in France, just launched the trial phase of its new 100% electric shuttle service. Ordered from the Bluebus company, a 6-metre-long electric bus will be delivered this summer like Bluebus) in order to get expertise on the operational management of the vehicle Triel-sur-Seine will thus be the first town in the Ile-de-France region with fewer than 20,000 inhabitants to set up an electric shuttle service The municipality of Triel-sur-Seine ordered a 6-metre Bluebus at the end of 2020 With delivery of the vehicle scheduled for the summer the town wanted to begin an initial 10-day trial phase which will be operated by Bluestation a chauffeur-driven electric shuttle rental service This stage will consist in a test of the vehicle on the various routes chosen in consultation with the people of Triellois This acquisition is unique as it is the first Ile-de-France city of less than 20,000 inhabitants to enjoy the presence of an electric shuttle Over 280 units of Bluebus 6-meter minibus have been sold in France and abroad and now operates in more than sixty towns and cities throughout the country © Copyright 2012 - 2025 | Vado e Torno Edizioni | All rights reserved | P.I. : 08514160152 Volume 6 - 2019 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00642 Rivers transport land-based plastic waste into the ocean Current efforts to quantify riverine plastic emission come with uncertainty as field observations are scarce One of the challenging aspects is the lack of consistent measurement methods that allow for comparing rivers over space and time Recent studies have shown that simple visual observations provide a robust first-order characterization of floating and superficially suspended plastic transport spatiotemporal distribution and composition to provide new insights in the spatiotemporal variation in riverine plastic transport we studied the response of plastic flow to increased river discharge by comparing measurements taken during low flow and high flow periods we investigated the variation of riverine plastic transport over the river length to improve our understanding of the origin and fate of riverine plastics We demonstrate that during a period with higher river discharge plastic transport increased up to a factor ten at the observation point closest to the river mouth This suggests that the plastic emission into the ocean from the Seine may also be considerably higher during increased discharge Upstream of Paris plastic transport increased only with a factor 1.5 suggesting that most plastics originate from Paris or areas further downstream With this paper we aim to shed additional light on the seasonal variation in riverine plastic transport and its distribution along the river length which may benefit future long-term monitoring efforts and plastic pollution mitigation strategies A better understanding of the origin and fate of plastics are necessary to effectively implement prevention and mitigation strategies in this specific case plastic transport was mainly related to the presence of organic material (entrapment in water hyacinths) rather than the river’s hydrological regime Although macroplastic debris may behave differently than sediment or microplastic transport annual macroplastic debris transport may also be strongly influenced by high discharge events We therefore hypothesize that increased river discharge results in increased river plastic transport In this paper we present the results from two multi-day field assessments: one during low discharge in September 2018 and one during high discharge in March 2019 the plastic transport and plastic composition were measured at three locations along the Seine We focus on studying the variation between the measurement locations and between the two measurement periods In this paper we aim to provide additional insight in (1) plastic transport along a river and (2) the variation in plastic transport in response to increased river discharge This can be used for both optimizing mitigation strategies and designing long-term monitoring approaches Details of measurement locations along the Seine and locations with additional precipitation and discharge data along the Seine Numbers 1–7 indicate the locations were data was collected for this study Note that 4a and 4b are very close to each other (8 km) and are later both considered as the location downstream of Paris This study focuses on floating macroplastic debris transport. To determine the plastic transport, visual counting of plastic debris (based on the approach presented by González-Fernández and Hanke (2017) was done from 17th to 21st September 2018 (low discharge and low tidal coefficients in Rouen) and 21st to 23rd March 2019 (high discharge and high tidal coefficients in Rouen) hourly profiles were made between 09:00 and 17:00 Each bridge was divided into three sections with equal width one observer counted all plastic items passing through the respective sections for a period between 15 and 20 min as we could identify plastic pieces more accurately The vertical distance from the bridge to the water was on average 12 m Each floating and superficially submerged plastic piece that was visible was counted it was estimated that the clearness of the water was stable during the measurement period and that the first 20 cm of the water column was visible The minimum observed debris size was estimated to be 1 cm the plastic debris counts were normalized over time and distance and expressed in total number of plastic items per hour either per section or summed to total plastic items per hour for the whole cross-section The upstream and middle locations are outside the tidal influence. For these locations, the average transport in items per hour was used to estimate the hourly transport. For Rouen, the tidal influence was taken into account through assessing the flow direction. Flow direction was derived from flow velocity, determined using water level data 3 at Petit-Couronne (10 km downstream of Rouen) and Oissel (14 km upstream of Rouen): In this case we assume that the hydraulic gradient is equal to the difference in water level divided by the distance between Petit-Couronne and Oissel (24 km) As we are only interested in the direction of the flow we determine the mean relative duration of each direction for both the high and low discharge measurement periods the flow was directed toward the ocean 72% of the time This ratio was multiplied with the average hourly plastic transport rate (items/hour) to estimate the total net transport at Rouen the hypothesis was tested that the mean of the absolute transport is equal in both directions A two-paired t-test was used to test the null hypothesis for the population of transport measurements (items/hour) in each direction There is no significant difference in the mean of the transport at Rouen for the different flow directions (95% confidence level the measurement location was relocated 8 km upstream to Triel-sur-Seine during the high discharge measurements The measurements taken at Meulan-en-Yvelines during the low flow period was scaled based on river width (A) Mean monthly discharge of the Seine measured at Paris and Vernon and (B) total monthly precipitation at Paris and Rouen Mean plastic flow during (A) low discharge (September 2018) and (B) high discharge (March 2019) including standard deviation and minimum and maximum value per measurement location the riverbank geometry and material may influence the introduction transport and accumulation of plastic debris whereas in less densely populated areas the riverbanks mainly consist of vegetated surfaces Such areas may act as temporary sinks of plastic debris during low flow which may have resulted in more localized introduction of new plastic debris or remobilization of accumulated plastics closer to Rouen This may result in additional accumulation in this section of the river The variation of plastic transport over the cross-section may give important insights for potential prevention and mitigation strategies. Figure 4 illustrates the variation in plastic transport along the river width The cross-sectional variation in river transport is mainly influenced by the flow velocity profile and navigation activities The upstream location is less intensively used than the other locations The upstream measurement site was located in a river bend with higher flow velocities at the right side which may explain the similar profile in plastic flux At the middle location less plastics were observed on the left side which may also have been caused by the river geometry At Rouen most plastics were observed at the left side This is surprising as the measurement location was located on a straight this part of the river is more heavily navigated and experiences strong tidal influence wind speed and direction may influence the spatial distribution of plastic These factors may explain the observed variation plastic transport Distribution of plastic transport over the river cross section at (A) the upstream location Villeneuve-le-Roi (B) the middle location Meulen-en-Yvelines/Triel-sur-Seine and (C) the downstream location Rouen low flow measurements were taken at Meulan-en-Yvelines and the high flow measurements were taken at Triel-sur-Seine and right are used in downstream facing direction For the considered period from September 2018 to March 2019 neither the maximum monthly mean discharge nor the maximum total mean precipitation occurred in March 2019 the annual maximum plastic transport is likely to have occurred in a different month as well It is yet unclear whether maximum riverine plastic debris occurs at the peak discharge or during the “first flush” of a river system the role of river geometry needs to be explored further This emphasizes the urgent need for longer-term monitoring efforts to quantify the seasonal variation of plastic debris flow and understand its driving mechanisms future work should focus on global assessments of plastic transport as a result of flood events Plastic transport at the most downstream location was on average ten times higher during high flow period than during low flow suggesting that transport is strongly related to river discharge and flow velocity These results also highlight that a large amount of annual plastic debris may be transported during a very limited timeframe Plastic transport increased considerably over the river length and may be linked to population density the measurement location closest to the river mouth the plastic transport was ten times higher than upstream of Paris during the high flow period during low flow conditions the plastic transport was relatively similar along the river Variation of the plastic flux over the cross-section is influenced by both natural factors (such as river geometry and wind) and anthropogenic factors (such as infrastructure Variation along the river width was observed but especially due to anthropogenic factors this remains difficult to predict we demonstrate that plastic transport varies considerably during low and high flow conditions The 10-folded amount of plastic transport at the most downstream location suggests a similar ratio might apply to plastic emission from the Seine The plastic transport dataset is available as Supplementary Material All other data can be retrieved from their respective sources CC and TE analyzed the data and wrote the first version of the manuscript TE prepared the final version of the manuscript All authors contributed to the data collection and writing TE and CC were employed by The Ocean Cleanup The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest We would like to thank the donors of The Ocean Cleanup who helped fund this study Université Paris-Est Créteil and Charlotte Verburg from the University of Twente for their hard work during the data collection and the three reviewers for their 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macroplastic transport Usefulness and limitations of global flood risk models Tassin B and Gasperi J (2019) Seine Plastic Debris Transport Tenfolded During Increased River Discharge Copyright © 2019 van Emmerik, Tramoy, van Calcar, Alligant, Treilles, Tassin and Gasperi. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited in accordance with accepted academic practice distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms *Correspondence: Tim van Emmerik, dGltLnZhbmVtbWVyaWtAd3VyLm5s Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher 94% of researchers rate our articles as excellent or goodLearn more about the work of our research integrity team to safeguard the quality of each article we publish Feel like celebrating music Then don't miss the return of this great popular and festive event on June 21 so you can enjoy a long evening of music before the weekend there's plenty of good music on offer in Paris and the Paris region with concerts to be enjoyed in the streets Since its launch in 1982, the Fête de la Musique has become one of the country's most popular Comprising four departments in the Paris region - Seine-et-Marne (77) Yvelines (78),Essonne (91) and Val-d'Oise (95) - the outer suburbs of Paris host a wide range of musical events every June 21 The Fête de la musique 2024 is no exception to the rule here are 10 not-to-be-missed events in the inner suburbs on Friday June 21 for this year's Fête de la musique Tuesday World Subscribers only In Zurich the leaf blower war or the anti-'woke' backlash World Subscribers only Germany's Friedrich Merz is embracing pragmatism World Subscribers only Trump-Carney meeting: Canada seeks reconciliation World Subscribers only Friedrich Merz bets on two private sector converts to revive the German economy and reform the state World Subscribers only Founder of Sant'Egidio community fears next pope could undo Francis's legacy Opinion Subscribers only 'Russian gas and Europe is an old story that ended badly Economy Subscribers only Europe's steel industry flattened by crisis World Subscribers only How European countries plan to fund defense efforts France Subscribers only Macron announces citizens' convention on school schedules France Subscribers only 21 charged over French prison attacks as investigation narrows in on drug traffickers France Subscribers only French mosque stabber was driven by 'morbid fascination,' prosecutor says France Subscribers only At the trial of Kim Kardashian's robbers Videos World expos: From Paris 1855 to Osaka 2025 Videos How the Trump administration is attacking scientific research in the US Videos Tesla cars set on fire in Las Vegas as calls to boycott Musk's company grow worldwide Videos Can France's nuclear deterrent protect Europe Opinion Subscribers only 'The American dream is dying' Opinion Subscribers only John Bolton: 'The term chaos is commonly used to describe the top of the Defense Department' Opinion Subscribers only 'It is pointless to imagine a significant wave of American academics leaving' Magazine Subscribers only Tracking down the pianos taken from French Jews during the Nazi Occupation Magazine Subscribers only Eve Rodsky the American helping couples balance the mental load Magazine Subscribers only Desecration or more glory Joan Didion's private diaries are revealed Magazine Subscribers only For Jewish cartoonist Joann Sfar 2025."> Pixels Subscribers only Golden Owl solution is revealed but leaves players of 31-year hunt disappointed Pixels Subscribers only Secrets of decades-long Golden Owl treasure hunt to be revealed Lifestyle Inside Chanel's French leather workshops Culture Subscribers only The marvelous bronzes of Angkor on display at the Musée Guimet in Paris Discovering the solar system and the Milky Way is an exciting experience for children A number of sites offer fun and exciting tours enabling parents to deepen their knowledge of astronomy and space exploration too By Tiphaine Thuillier pretending to be an astronaut on a mission or watching a play – there are countless ways to be swept up among the planets Children's storytelling in the Grande Galerie MUSÉE DE L’AIR ET DE L’ESPACE – AÉROPORT PARIS-LE BOURGET / FRÉDÉRIC CABEZA If your kids are fascinated by planes and rockets they'll love this museum created 105 years ago at the dawn of aviation and located on the historic site of Le Bourget airport as everything is huge and you'll have to look up over and over again A room dedicated to space exploration showcases the first objects to orbit the Earth The exhibition presents models of the first rockets and tells the story of man's first steps on the Moon enough to spark the imagination of even the youngest visitors where kids can immerse themselves in the world of aviation and space in a fun way A future Thomas Pesquet can learn about life on board the International Space Station in a simplified replica Wearing a spacesuit or riding an exercise bike The museum also has a planetarium showing films on the constellations and the solar system for children aged 6 and over You have 73.57% of this article left to read Lecture du Monde en cours sur un autre appareil Vous pouvez lire Le Monde sur un seul appareil à la fois Ce message s’affichera sur l’autre appareil Parce qu’une autre personne (ou vous) est en train de lire Le Monde avec ce compte sur un autre appareil Vous ne pouvez lire Le Monde que sur un seul appareil à la fois (ordinateur En cliquant sur « Continuer à lire ici » et en vous assurant que vous êtes la seule personne à consulter Le Monde avec ce compte Que se passera-t-il si vous continuez à lire ici Ce dernier restera connecté avec ce compte Vous pouvez vous connecter avec votre compte sur autant d’appareils que vous le souhaitez mais en les utilisant à des moments différents Nous vous conseillons de modifier votre mot de passe Votre abonnement n’autorise pas la lecture de cet article merci de contacter notre service commercial