Mass of Christian Burial will be held at 11 a.m. Visitation will be held one hour before the funeral and Steve (Deb) Wavrin; grandchildren Jason Meyer and Ashleigh Broulard; 16 great-grandchildren; sister JoAnn Kelly; brother James (Janice) Malone; sisters-in-law Jill (Charlie) Parson and Donna Wavrin; brother-in-law She was preceded in death by both husbands Leonard Wavrin and Adrian DeVries; her parents; sister Patricia Berhow; parents-in-law John and Martha Wavrin and John and Marie DeVries; sister-in-law Karen DeVries Burns; and Leonard’s six siblings She graduated from Owatonna High School in 1943 and was employed by Jostens as a defense worker during World War II at one of the area ballrooms where she and her friends often went dancing Jean and Lenny were united in marriage on November 26 The couple and their children lived in Owatonna until 1957 Lenny continued his musical career with the Babe Wagner Band and the Elmer Scheid Band Despite her busy life as a mother and homemaker Jean still enjoyed dancing and playing cards leaving Jean a young widow with five children ranging in age from 17 years to 3 weeks The family was living in a habitable but largely unfinished house that Lenny had been building During the challenging years that followed Her religious faith strengthened and comforted her as did support from her family She gradually completed work on the family home From 1966-74 she was the office manager for the dental practice of Drs She worked as a cook at Pleasant Valley and Deer Lake Schools in rural Beltrami County In 2011 health issues forced Jean to move from the farm to GoldPine Home Adrian remained on the farm until his health failed Throughout her life Jean demonstrated an exceptional gift for friendship During her long residency at GoldPine Home she made many friends among residents and staff alike She created a “blended family” in the broadest sense of the term: everyone who was kin or who entered her life through marriage Throughout it all she persisted–in her faith donations to GoldPine Home in Bemidji or to St Copyright © 2025 Ogden Newspapers of Minnesota This is what I learned about our sustainable financial ecosystem Constance de Wavrin is the founder of In|Flow a firm specializing in unlocking and accelerating the flow of debt capital towards sustainable With expertise in all valid investment pathways to return global warming to pre-industrial levels of 1.5°C including the integration of ESG risk factors and use-of-proceeds labeled debt In|Flow works on building strategic partnerships and raising public/private capital for social and sustainable impact: microfinance In|Flow’s mission is to inspire CEOs and business development professionals on the buy-side to find clarity and congruence in articulating their core sustainability values and principles through to target market evaluation and product delivery to optimize resonance with their existing and potential investor base News Magazines Opinion Agenda Style Contributors About us Contact and Help Send help right to the people and causes you care about Your donation is protected by the GoFundMe Giving Guarantee Please select what you would like included for printing: Copy the text below and then paste that into your favorite email application at Our House Senior Living – Austin Memory Care to Lester and Dorothy (Wodarczak) Wavrin on April 14 at the Owatonna fair and later married on December 31 Mary and Max lived one mile west of Brownsdale Mary Ann was quite the sassy one and told you the way it was Those who were close to her would say she was the “Queen B.” Mary Ann was loved by many and will be dearly missed and Lori Stoeckel; grandchildren; great grandchildren; sisters This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply Service map data © OpenStreetMap contributors especially at the weekend as it’s so buzzy and colourful there’s a bit of everything for everyone – I’d also recommend enjoying some Jamaican BBQ or Indian samosas while you’re there.  The coolest pieces I’ve found on my travels were some vintage flamenco dresses in Seville. They are all a little different and have so much character – I love wearing them with venetian slippers on a hot summer’s day. I have some floral styles, as well as some ones with spots. When my brand Thelma & Leah did dresses The best destination for independent stores is Japan It’s tricky to offer a steer on where to go because you need to wander around Tokyo to discover what you like The best department store in the world is Liberty in London. It has a nice layout and a great perfume and cosmetic department. Plus, the people working there don’t nag you to buy anything – which is something I loathe! The most unexpected destination for great fashion is Miami. It has some amazing vintage stores, as well as skate shops where you can find great t-shirts. I just love the city’s art deco vibe, too. View this post on Instagram A post shared by coperni (@coperni) View this post on Instagram A post shared by JACQUEMUS (@jacquemus) View this post on Instagram A post shared by Hunza G (@hunzag) View this post on Instagram A post shared by SAINT LAURENT (@ysl) The coolest under-the-radar brand is Coperni. I love the founders Sebastien and Arnaud and the brand’s modern look is never over the top which is everything I want in my everyday wardrobe.  My perfect shopping day would ideally be on my own I find it very stressful to shop under pressure – I like being able to take my time try some things on… it’s something that shouldn’t be rushed!The best people watching in the world is done from Japan I also love Miami for people watching – I used to spend my Christmas holidays there every year and loved watching the mix of older ladies lunching The coolest resort label is Thelma & Leah, of course! We channel a bit of the tropical and resort vibe, so expect to find big prints and colourful, playful designs. I absolutely love Emily Levine and Gimaguas The best brand for swimwear is Hunza G If I could only wear one brand again, it would be old YSL in the winter and Jacquemus in the summer Follow @LeahDewavrin on Instagram DISCLAIMER: We endeavour to always credit the correct original source of every image we use. If you think a credit may be incorrect, please contact us at info@sheerluxe.com (You will be redirected to the right platform once logged in) Forgotten login? Request a new password ANAA Architectes and landscape architects EMa Paysage & Urbanisme have expanded the local sports complex optimizing the available space while preserving the quality of the landscape This endeavor not only enhances the facility’s capacity to host a variety of sports activities but also emphasizes adaptability and multifunctionality making it a standout addition to the community’s recreational infrastructure The design approach ensures that the complex can cater to a wide range of sporting events promoting active lifestyles and community engagement The architects have created two multisport halls a dojo with three spaces dedicated to judo the dense program to be implemented on a narrow plot posed a major challenge The project’s integration demanded a particular sensitivity notably emphasized by the preservation and elongation of the curved layout of the existing parking lot and the establishment of wetland areas integrated into the landscape The logistical complexity of maintaining the continuous operation of the existing equipment during the works added dimension to the challenge The project’s primary intention was to establish an efficient organization of flows and accesses taking into account various scenarios of the sports complex’s use whether for regular training or competitions Each room was strategically placed considering the quality of natural lighting and the building’s volumetrics express the multidisciplinarity of the facility Special attention to the functionality of the complex aims to optimize the use of surfaces while providing inviting spaces with panoramic views of the different sports areas The architecture is based on the combination of simple volumes staggered openings between street level and superstructures The limited use of materials and colors reinforces the simplicity and legibility of each volume The contrast between the concrete at the base of the facades and the transparent or translucent walls creates a visual harmony The metal cladding at the top adopts a random rhythm blends smoothly with the surrounding context dominated by red brick houses has resulted in the creation of a structured urban facility offering an optimal experience while seamlessly integrating into its environment Project: AthéniumArchitects: ANAA ArchitectesLead Architects: Thomas Houot and Nassim ZerdeContractors: Nord France ConstructionLandscape Architects: EMa Paysage & UrbanismeMEP Hvac Structure: TPF ingenierieClient: Ville de WavrinPhotographers: Quentin Reytinas Input your search keywords and press Enter You can see how this popup was set up in our step-by-step guide: https://wppopupmaker.com/guides/auto-opening-announcement-popups/ Yakima County — A walking tour of Bill Wavrin’s dairy takes few steps His house and office sit on a hill above the milking parlor his cows sprawl in groups of 15 or 20 as the topography recedes into the hazy distance Almost every animal in the herd of 4,000 can be seen from the Sunny Dene Ranch driveway it took just one cow to send shock waves through the cattle industry of the United States the furor slammed the door on billions of dollars in exports and scared a lot of beef eaters “Holy crap,” Wavrin recalled saying to himself the discovery at Wavrin’s dairy led to be only a brief scare not the disaster the disease caused in the late 1980s in the United Kingdom where hundreds of people fell ill and many died after eating contaminated meat 4.5 million cattle were slaughtered to contain the spread government officials and consumer advocates agree the nation’s food- safety system functioned as expected thanks largely to precautions taken since the late 1990s to keep the disease-causing prion a misshapen protein in the infected animal’s central nervous system out of cattle feed and hence the beef supply “They’re baby steps and they’re not enough,” said Michael Hansen senior staff scientist of the watchdog organization Consumers Union and the science about the disease is still evolving Veterinarians mostly suspect the disease occurs as a spontaneous birth defect or can be contracted through feed that includes contaminated brain and spinal-cord tissue from infected cattle unlike Wavrin’s Canadian-born Holstein investigators suspect had an atypical strain that may have come from a birth defect rather than contaminated feed The human version of mad cow is called variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease a grim illness that spongifies the brain and is invariably fatal England’s problems happened in the 1980s and 1990s Outbreaks followed in Japan in 2001 and Canada in May 2003 officials received preliminary positive test results from the Ames National Veterinary Services Laboratories for samples of meat taken from a deboning facility in Centralia meat that was traced to Wavrin’s farm Samples were then flown by military aircraft to England for confirmation testing Agriculture Secretary Ann Veneman called a news conference in Washington to announce the nation’s first case of mad cow the Yakima County community of 1,900 people Nations halted beef imports from the United States Reporters from all over the globe swarmed the town Federal investigators marched animals by the hundred to slaughter Executives of trade associations for dairy and cattle owners canceled any last-minute Christmas shopping plans to field nonstop calls Wavrin’s Holstein became “the cow that stole Christmas.” Food-safety authorities recalled about 10,000 pounds of beef from the diseased cow and 19 others slaughtered along with it They traced the meat from grocery-store shelves back to two processing plants in Portland the deboning facility in Centralia and the slaughterhouse at Vern’s Moses Lake Meats where the sick cow arrived for slaughter reportedly having difficulty walking had noticed the cow’s problems at his dairy but chalked it up to a difficult birth and dispatched employees throughout the Northwest to track cows imported in the same shipment In a country that slaughters more than 30 million head a year focusing on 25 they determined likely ate the same contaminated feed as the diseased Holstein Department of Agriculture’s chief veterinarian who led the investigation Stay secure and make sure you have the best reading experience possible by upgrading your browser a drop isn't typically part of the Day 1 silks curriculum at Northern Lights Aerial Studio the move is called a "drop," and I certainly did drop "That was a good effort!" said Alexa Wavrin who'd stepped in to help spot me as I attempted a forward flip after winding myself into the air I managed a 180 and ended up in a shoulder stand While I don't expect Cirque Italia to come calling for my acrobatic services next time they pitch a tent at Miller Hill Mall I was impressed that I could even conceivably have executed a drop after a mere one hour of instruction at aerial silks no one suggested I cut a dogleg or try the championship tee Northern Lights Aerial Studio opened last year in a bright space on the fifth floor of the Wieland Block building at 26 E I can only imagine what my predecessors a century ago when the building was home to the News Tribune "It's just the open trusses because we wanted to have as high ceilings as possible," business manager Anna Beam-Mitchell told me during a phone interview "We really love the big windows and how much light can come in so it's a nice centralized location for people." I'd been curious about the studio since seeing videos on social media Many aerial studios look like windowless gyms — which makes perfect sense but with the Duluth studio's expansive views "This first year of our studio being open blew all my goals out of the water," said Beam-Mitchell so I am thrilled with the trajectory of the studio right now." The space was bustling when I arrived July 16 for a Level 1 class in silks With Charli XCX bumping on the sound system a staffer checked me in and I deposited my shoes in a waiting-room cubby The hourlong class began promptly at 5:30 p.m I was one of four students and one of two men in the class Instructor Jennie Smith led us through a few yoga-like stretches before inviting us to step onto the crash mats and get familiar with the silks Aerial silks is one of several types of practice available at the studio While I was learning how to accomplish a footlock in the hanging fabric another group of people was working on pole dancing behind a translucent divider "You're getting a really good workout," Beam-Mitchell explained describing what the studio's disciplines have in common and it's really focused on building body awareness and building body confidence." Having never attempted aerial silks before I was surprised at how the essences of the practice — strength maybe a little showmanship — became immediately apparent Once my fellow students and I had learned how to securely wrap a foot in silk we practiced lifting ourselves off the ground and maneuvering around the taut fabric Although we were initially just lifting ourselves a short hop above the mats As a guy who's over 6 feet tall and comes from a family that doesn't trust wicker or molded plastic I found myself instinctively flinching at the idea of putting my full weight on the hanging silks knew I was in good hands — and I lifted off pulling myself upward and practicing the postures that Smith demonstrated No wonder the aerial arts have been a hit in Duluth if one of the first things you do is to get into an arrowhead shape I'd seen aerial silk demonstrations before and though I knew I was watching performers who were well-practiced they always made the climbing part seem effortless The only way to lift your body is to use your own muscles the basic lock puts a tight squeeze around the center of the foot That's something experienced flyers get used to but I quickly learned that the best way to alleviate any discomfort was to put my arms to work supporting their share of my weight When it comes to upper-body strength training the prospect of flipping around in a sling is a lot more motivating than my friend and I would sit on top of the monkey bars instead of swinging under them styling ourselves the Statler and Waldorf of Duluth as we cracked jokes about the other kids' playground games.) I was supporting myself in a pose that photographer Clint Austin said reminded him of "Michael Keaton in 'Batman.'" That was surprising to hear since I'd always thought of myself as more of a Michael Keaton in "Spotlight," or maybe in "Mr "The biggest commonality we have," said Beam-Mitchell about Northern Lights students "is that everybody's looking for that kind of community where you can go and you can have a little workout and you can hang out with people who have similar interests to you." That doesn't necessarily mean an interest in performing but "it's really fun to put something together and show it off to people," said Beam-Mitchell we work really hard with them to get them comfortable and confident to do it." There are studio showcases Smith told me she reverted to being a "couch potato" after college and aerial work helped her become active again One of my classmates told me she'd taken aerial classes in her former home on the East Coast and after moving to Duluth was interested to see that there's now a space to take flight here I want to get more people interested," said Beam-Mitchell "I want us to have another really big blowout showcase this time next year." The impromptu drop lesson at the end of class came about after Clint suggested one of the instructors try a drop for the camera — and the staff decided to extend the opportunity to each student in my class It may be a while before I try a drop again but I have been thinking about joining a Duluth gym and I'm now aware of a fun new option I had worked up a healthy sweat and was proud of my progress who was surprised to hear I'd been channeling a caped crusader "You said you were doing silks," she recalled Editor’s note: Made in Cascadia highlights makers and artisans in Whatcom and Skagit counties Ferndale Farmstead might be known for Italian-style cheeses single-source creamery specializes in artisan cheese made with traditional European methods but every element of the process — from the grass cows eat to the milk they produce — originates in Ferndale “We really love highlighting that ‘taste of place’ through our seed-to-cheese philosophy,” said Daniel Wavrin co-founder and cheesemaker at Ferndale Farmstead “And we’re also very proud to do so in a regenerative fashion for the planet.” The farmstead’s smoked provolone was recently awarded first place in its category at the prestigious World Championship Cheese Contest. It was selected out of more than 3,300 other category entries from around the globe and 25 countries and 32 American states were represented in the contest overall But the provolone isn’t the only Ferndale Farmstead cheese worth sampling: From melty mozzarella to smoked scamorza and rich aged fontina everything is made with equipment and cultures imported from Italy This fusion of old-world techniques and local farm-fresh ingredients results in exceptional cheeses — and flavors that can’t be replicated outside of Whatcom County Wavrin’s family entered the dairy industry in 1990 and created Ferndale Farmstead in 2011 He said the farmstead is still “100 percent a family operation,” employing 10 cheesemakers including himself and his wife The couple take their roles as stewards seriously utilizing a range of sustainable farming practices in day-to-day operations.  Wavrin was inspired to learn cheesemaking after witnessing his father and uncle’s passion for agriculture “The cows in Ferndale are producing a very rich milk that has higher butterfat and protein than many other regions in the U.S. “We literally turn the milk into cheese within minutes of it being harvested from the cow we ensure that the quality of the flavors is pure throughout the year.” These cows are the “stars of the show” in what Wavrin refers to as Ferndale Farmstead’s “seed-to-cheese” philosophy The closed-loop process begins with 900 acres of grass grown within a 2.5-mile distance of the farm whose milk is processed into cheese just 50 yards from the dairy barn Cow manure is used to fertilize the grass fields Early in Wavrin’s cheesemaking apprenticeship the farmstead’s single-source methodology caught the attention of Raffaele Mascolo an Italian cheesemaker who would become his mentor the birthplace of Neapolitan pizza and mozzarella cheese Wavrin decided to go “all-in on Italian cheeses” — but rather than going to Italy to learn the craft Wavrin said Italy came to Ferndale to help him set up shop.  Mascolo imported equipment and starter cultures directly from his home country and taught Wavrin the ropes This assistance allowed Ferndale Farmstead to use traditional cheese-making methods not always seen in the U.S.; for example their mozzarella’s flavor derives from starter cultures Ferndale Farmstead now produces an impressive range of heritage Italian cheeses such as fior di latte (fresh mozzarella) and provolone Ferndale Farmstead also specializes in smoked cheeses including a smoked scamorza and their award-winning smoked provolone “We’re very proud to make these using our Washington milk from the Washington dairy farm that we have and offering a different version of these cheeses for the West Coast,” Wavrin said we always pay respect to the Italian origin.”  Wavrin said cheese consists of just four ingredients: rennet Ferndale Farmstead cheesemakers begin this process by pasteurizing milk which vary in flavor depending on the type of cheese being made which Wavrin said “gives you the curds you’ve heard of in some nursery rhymes.”  Salt is the final ingredient; once incorporated Cheesemakers stretch it in hot water until it becomes a malleable “liquid-solid” consistency that’s easily molded.  Ferndale Farmstead uses imported Italian drums to shape different sizes of mozzarella logs Aged wheels are formed in a cylindrical container called a “hoop.” Scamorza is hung so that air can completely envelop it which in turn allows the cheese to dry more evenly one of the most interesting-looking cheeses because it actually hangs from a rope,” Wavrin said you’ll actually get a piece of Italy that you can take home with you in the form of that rope.” The aging process varies from cheese to cheese: Some varieties are “young cheeses” and only require days to age Others are left to develop flavor for weeks or even months This process is known as “affinage,” derived from a French term meaning “to refine.” As the cheese ages scrub and care for it daily to ensure it “stays beautiful throughout the whole process.”  it develops a natural yellow rind and turns from white to yellow Cheeses like Parmesan have rinds up to half an inch thick whereas the scamorza’s rind is “paper-thin,” allowing for a pleasant textural experience Ferndale Farmstead’s cheeses have garnered a reputation among consumers and industry professionals alike Wavrin said during their first year in production he entered one of Mascolo’s recipes for caciotta-style cheese into a Washington State Cheesemakers Association event When the cheese took home a people’s choice award Wavrin knew he was onto something good.  whether it’s the Good Food Awards or the American Cheese Society Competition [and] we have won awards almost every year,” Wavrin said “We feel very lucky to be recognized at these competitions But certainly our most prestigious award would be the smoked provolone taking first place in the world in the Italian cheese category.” Ferndale Farmstead also produces select cheeses under the brand Daniel’s Artisan and Hernandez’s project the latter of which specializes in Latin-style cheeses and won an award for its panela cheese at the World Championship Cheese Contest Some might feel inclined to save award-winning cheeses for special occasions — but Wavrin said his products shouldn’t be limited to wine tastings and charcuterie boards He’s a proponent of artisan cheese at “breakfast lunch or dinner,” whether it be mozzarella in scrambled eggs smoked provolone on a cold-cut sandwich or scamorza atop a Neapolitan-style pizza (Fun fact: Wavrin recently represented Ferndale Farmstead at Las Vegas’ International Pizza Expo.) “We really believe that cheese is a nutritious part of the diet,” Wavrin said “But getting it to the people and helping them to understand how great it is not only for their diet but also for their enjoyment I would say is the most challenging part — and also the most fun part.” aka the “king of cheeses.” But as much as he loves Italian cheeses Wavrin also thinks American cheeses are underrated — especially when they’re local “Cheese from your region — whether that be Washington state the West Coast — these are going to be the cheeses that reflect the flavors of your home the best,” he said “The fact that we control everything in the process should really allow people to get a taste of Ferndale.” Ferndale Farmstead’s cheeses can be purchased at retailers including the Community Food Co-op, Haggen, Safeway, Whole Foods and Fred Meyer. To learn more or schedule a farm tour, visit ferndalefarmstead.com Cocoa Laney is CDN’s lifestyle editor; reach her at cocoalaney@cascadiadaily.com; 360-922-3090 ext Email newstips@cascadiadaily.com or Call/Text 360-922-3092 Cloud Figure Skating Club's annual ice show 43 years ago," said ice show co-chair Crista Mrozek "Lori Stuart was my coach when I was a skater (Skating) is a common thing between us all Mrozek said about 70 skaters ranging in grade levels up to 12th grade and representing more than 30 local schools will take the ice during the showcase March 25-26 The "Blades on Broadway" show features songs from hit Broadway musicals like "Wicked" One of the most popular parts of the ice show program is the parent/child skate where skaters and their parents perform a large group number hand-in-hand "We've been doing the parent/child skate for over 10 years who skates in the number this year with her daughter Kourtney Mrozek The penultimate number in the show is the club's guy/girl feature which gives female skaters in 9th grade and up the opportunity to ask a friend or significant other to join them on the ice the guy/girl group skate is performed to music from Disney's "High School Musical" complete with a pep rally banner that is unfurled during the number the guys involved don't have to be skaters at all — it can be a friend "But a lot of the girls do ask hockey players." The club will perform three shows over the course of the performance weekend Mrozek estimated that up to 500 spectators will fill the stadium seating to watch the performers leap The proceeds from the event help to benefit the nonprofit club but it's also really about the skaters getting to showcase what they worked on all year and not in a competition environment," said Mrozek "Family and friends can come and really see what they've accomplished." This year's ice show will be the last for the club's senior skaters who will age out of the program upon graduation from high school it doesn't matter if you land everything right — you can congratulate yourself when it's over because you worked so hard to get where you are As soon as I'm on the ice and the music starts And it isn't just the skaters who work hard to make the ice show a success Parents of skaters in the club dedicate a great deal of time and energy to the event as well "The amount of dedication that we have from parent involvement is incredible I can't say enough about our parents," she said "We all dig deep and just put on this event for our kids But for both the skaters and their parents Cloud Figure Skating Club's annual ice show has left a lasting mark bringing together generations of members with a shared passion and growing an interest in the sport that skaters will carry with them for years to come who will attend the University of Minnesota Duluth in the fall thanks to the bonds she made during her time in the club "I will definitely continue skating," she said Follow Alyssa Zaczek on Twitter @sctimesalyssa, email her at azaczek@stcloudtimes.com Cloud Municipal Athletic Complex: 5001 Veterans Drive $9 for adults and $5 for students ages 5-18 To learn more about the St. Cloud Figure Skating Club, please visit: www.stcloudfsc.com Medievalists.net Writing and Imagining the Crusade in Fifteenth-Century Burgundy: The Case of the Expedition Narrative in Jean de Wavrin’s Anciennes Chroniques d’Angleterre Abstract: Scholars have long been attentive to the cultural legacy of Valois Burgundy – a site of remarkable artistic and literary productivity in the mostly desolate cultural landscape of fifteenth-century France that critics have begun to interrogate Burgundian courtly literature with an eye to its narrative complexity and rhetorical and discursive “density,” and to the political and cultural concerns encoded within it This study emulates and supports these efforts by undertaking a close reading of a remarkable Burgundian chronicle – one which depicts and defends a rare experiment in one of the most ideologically resonant enterprises of the day contained in Jean de Wavrin’s vast historical compilation describes a crusading expedition to Constantinople and various points on the Danube in 1444-46 The author(s) of the chronicle therefore had a great deal to answer for; yet as the contours of their text reveal their interests extended well beyond chivalric apologetics This study analyzes the fascinating narrative tensions which unsettle the expedition narrative and which offer a window into its varied (and often contending) rhetorical objectives the tense interplay between two treatments of Waleran’s chivalry: one of which relies on epic and romance themes to depict him as a heroic warrior and one which reveals his deliberate (and strategic) manipulations of those codes to preserve and burnish his reputation It also explores the ways in which “epic” references to earlier crusades and anti-Islamic conflicts invoked in a manner that tends to ennoble Waleran’s expedition are truncated and subverted by strategic concerns over the problems of chivalric temerity and the power and sophistication of Ottoman forces Together these findings speak to the discursive complexity of the Burgundian court: a place where courtier-knights “fashioned” themselves strategically using the very codes which some scholars have associated with “premodern”/medieval corporatism and where warriors carefully negotiated the discursive margins of the courtly “cult of prowess” in order to articulate pragmatic advice based on lived experience Click here to read this thesis from the University of Alberta We've created a Patreon for Medievalists.net as we want to transition to a more community-funded model We aim to be the leading content provider about all things medieval podcast and Youtube page offers news and resources about the Middle Ages We hope that are our audience wants to support us so that we can further develop our podcast and remove the advertising on our platforms This will also allow our fans to get more involved in what content we do produce Member Login The Ghosts of Chroniclers Past: The Transmission and Legacy of the Chroniques of Jean Froissart in the Anchiennes Cronicques d’Engleterre compiled by Jean de Wavrin Abstract: Compared to Georges Chastellain or Jean Molinet Jean de Wavrin is not a very well known figure of Burgundian historiography; he is nonetheless the author of the Anchiennes cronicques d’Engleterre an extensive historical compilation in six volumes that has not yet been edited in full About 40% of the text is derived from the Chroniques of Jean Froissart This article investigates the transmission and the transformation of Froissart’s Chroniques into the Wavrin compilation through a close reading of an episode (the Flemish wars of 1379-85 It evaluates the extent to which Wavrin is faithful to Froissart and explores complex issues of manuscript transmission This article also examines Wavrin’s compiling method and his interventions on his source text taking into account the impact of these interventions on the reader and the relationship between the materiality of the manuscript and its content Introduction: In De sui ipsius et multorum ignorantia Petrarch compares commentators to grave robbers who chose to feast on materials from previous authors Reflecting on the art of writing through the ages he particularly criticizes the practices of compilation Petrarch highlights a fundamental principle of medieval writing: reading is the cornerstone of the act of writing the process of reading and collecting is also part of the production of manuscripts: scribes often copied texts together to maximize parchment use and texts were frequently bound together to reduce production costs Click here to read this article from Textual Histories / Histoires textuelles Leah De Wavrin, 20s French model and rampant anglophile. Her recent birthday party's theme: 'Rule Britannia.' Annabel Simpson, 20s Her job title at the Disco nightclub is Captain Disco-Pants. Want to party? Naomi Campbell, 40s OK, so she's got a bit of a temper but frankly, when you look this good, who cares? Sadie Frost, 40s She's recently set up her own production company, Blonde to Black Pictures - no preference? Baroness Bakewell, 80s Joan may be an octogenarian, but she is also a fierce tweeter. The right mix of velvet and iron. David Gardner, 30sIf you've got a thing for a Manc accent and a pert bottom this football agent's your man. Annabelle Neilson, 40sFormer wife of Nat Rothschild, and muse to McQueen, this party animal has swum with sharks. Fierce. Anne Robinson, 60s Fiery. Has been known to reduce grown men to tears. Only those made of the sternest stuff need apply. Indigo Lewin, 20s Model Indigo has the best dressing-up box - her mother is Mairead of Mairead Lewin Vintage. Fancy! Riz Ahmed 30sAka Riz MC: an actor, a rapper and a graduate of PPE from Oxford. Super intelligent. He loves a good rant and a little bit of old school garage (not at the same time). Lady Alice St Clair Erskine, 20s An actress, this leading Lady could give Jessica Rabbit a run for her money with her big doe eyes and ridiculously gravelly voice. Lydia Leonard, 30sEnterprising actress Lydia recently rented out her spare room for male models to stay in when in town - clearly a girl with an eye for an opportunity. 11/12Lady Alice St ClairLady Alice St Clair 1/14Max Gelber and Lady Henrietta Spencer-ChurchillMax Gelber and Lady Henrietta Spencer-Churchill 2/14Chloe Fleming and Lt Archie HorneChloe Fleming and Lt Archie Horne 3/14Dave Clark and Princess Beatrice of YorkDave Clark and Princess Beatrice of York 4/14Leah de Wavrin and Alice DawsonLeah de Wavrin and Alice Dawson 8/14The Hon Freddie Hesketh and Violet HendersonThe Hon Freddie Hesketh and Violet Henderson 9/14The Hon Sophia Hesketh and Jamie AllsoppThe Hon Sophia Hesketh and Jamie Allsopp 11/14Rose Farquhar and Otis FerryRose Farquhar and Otis Ferry 12/14Lady Rose Alexander, Genevieve Chapman and Lady Lucy AlexanderLady Rose Alexander, Genevieve Chapman and Lady Lucy Alexander 13/14Chessie Grieveson and Sussy CazaletChessie Grieveson and Sussy Cazalet 14/14Ed Tang, Charlotte Noble and Leo BerendEd Tang, Charlotte Noble and Leo Berend