A statistical analysis of 9,170 beach and shoreline concessions
through which citizens can check whether the concession terms are met on the beaches they visit and submit a report
2 April 2023: A news story reveals that a business has built a fence on Panormos beach in Mykonos
the Deputy Prosecutor of the Supreme Court issued a circular
asking prosecutors to be particularly strict in cases of “appropriation” of beaches by businesses or residences
July 1, 2023: The image of a waiter
serving customers lying in the sea on unauthorized structures
July 20, 2023: A group of friends goes swimming at Ammolofoi beach in Nea Peramos. Employees of a business that has swamped the beach with umbrellas asked them to leave if they were not sitting on the sun loungers
July 23, 2023: Three hundred citizens protest on the Santa Maria beach in Paros
They spread out their towels in front of sun loungers set up by a beach bar
organized by the Citizens’ Movement for Free Beaches of Paros
TThe summer of 2023 was pivotal in exposing a chronic system of illegalities on Greek beaches
Under the weight of the reactions to the beach encroachments
entitled “Conditions for the use of public property in coastal areas.” The main changes concern the demarcation of the seashore
the transparency of concession tenders through a centralized electronic procedure
the use of technology for legality checks and stricter penalties
Part of the effort to bring order to the seafront was the development of an application that citizens can download on their cell phones to view a map of the area granted
for umbrellas and sun loungers) and the concession agreement from Diavgeia
a platform that publishes all public documents
users can submit a report to the competent authorities
if they find that the terms of the concession contract for that part of the seashore have been violated
The iMEdD data analysis team has collected publicly available data of MyCoast app for 9,170 coastal concessions throughout Greece
the purpose of use and the extent of each concession
we analyzed 3,957 contracts in order to derive the financial consideration for each lease
Today, we publish this public data
free for use by the journalistic and academic community
Our ambition is that their further analysis will contribute evidence to the public debate
not only on the economic use of public property
but especially on the need to establish a framework for the protection of the seashore
a fragile ecosystem under pressure from both human activities and the climate crisis
Six out of ten concessions are for the installation of umbrellas and sun loungers
MyCoast app lists 9,170 concessions for the placement of tables and chairs
As for the uses of the concessions we examined
it is estimated that 60.36% is for Umbrellas and sun loungers
5.95% is for Water Sports and 3.75% is for Food trucks
Four out of ten leases not posted to the application
Despite the fact that MyCoast app features a special field where the leases are supposed to be posted
not enough contracts have been posted for statistical analysis on key islands that were at the forefront of the 2023 wave of protests for free access to beaches
When we asked the Ministry of Economy and Finance
they replied: “The Land Services have posted almost all the concession agreements for simple use of the seashore and beaches
Since the coastal concessions are managed by both the Hellenic Public Properties Co
great efforts are made to ensure their immediate posting in the application.”
no concession contract has been posted for the Municipality of Paros
contracts have been posted for only 5% of the concessions
13 concessions have been listed but only 1 contract has been posted
no contracts have been posted out of 34 concessions
This means that our analysis does not include municipalities for which we have a sample of less than 20% of leases
The analysis of the financial consideration of the concessions does not include most of the islands of the Cyclades
the Dodecanese and other major tourist destinations
we analyzed 3,957 contracts posted on MyCoast app
corresponding to 4,733 leases (a contract may describe more than one concession)
such as the consideration for each concession
we were able to determine the annual rent to be paid by each lessee in 4,075 cases
or 86.0% of the leases for which contracts were posted
According to the sample we examined (3,844 listings)
the highest average lease price is estimated in the prefecture of Chalkidiki at 56 euros per square meter
This is followed by the prefectures of Ioannina
37 and 36 euros per square meter respectively
it is worth noting that in Mykonos (which we excluded from the analysis because the available sample was less than 20%
so the analysis would probably not be representative of reality)
the majority of the contracts we read indicated a cost of 120 euros per square meter
we estimate that the average lease price for Food trucks is estimated at €346.16/sq.m
and for Umbrellas and sun loungers €21.71/sq.m
The calculation of the price of the first beach-seashore bid
One of the important changes that the new law on leasing parts of the seashore promises to bring is an increase in the price of leases. The consideration for the initial bid in the electronic auction, based on the Ministerial Decision no
60314 EX 2024 (Government Gazette B’2516/26-4-2024) is calculated based on the following mathematical formula: “objective value of adjacent property X Seashore Weighting Factor X Activity Weighting Factor X years of concession X 3%.” For the concessions granted to businesses adjacent to the seashore
the initial offer price is increased by 20%
The objective value of the adjacent property is calculated as follows:
Zoning price of the plot with the adjacent building per square meter X the area of the concession land in square meters
The seashore weighting factor is defined as follows:
The activity weighting factors are defined as follows:
a smoothing factor will be applied to this formula
which will compare the result of the above mathematical formula with the maximum consideration obtained for the concession of the same part of the seashore and beach after January 1
If the result of the first bid (from the formula) is less than the maximum consideration
the starting price will not be less than the maximum consideration plus 15% for concessions by tender and 25% for concessions to adjacent businesses.
The sunbed – umbrella set is estimated to cost a businessman in Mykonos 2.500€
To confirm whether leases will actually increase under the new law, we analyzed the 2024 beach auction data as shown at https://eauctions.gsis.gr/
of which 143 are canceled and the rest are marked as “closed”
A closed auction is an auction in which participants submit bids that are not visible to other bidders
From this database we only considered the cost per square meter
This means that we do not know what the hammer price will be
but we have been able to find concessions in the Cyclades and the Dodecanese to include in our analysis
The analysis shows that the average first bid prices are higher in the Cyclades where the average price per square meter for umbrella seats is €50
(maximum price in the data is €158/sq.m.) and €229/sq.m
Average starting price (€/sq.m.) per use and region
a set of umbrellas and two sunbeds occupying 5 sqm will cost a minimum of €530 per set for one year (starting price)
We have asked the Ministry of Economy and Finance to provide us with a complete dataset that includes both the initial bid price and the highest bidder’s price
stating that “a complete set of data cannot be provided
It will be published by us at the appropriate time,” without
clarifying what the appropriate time will be
However, on July 30, 2024, the Ministry of Economy and Finance selectively released data on concession tenders conducted under the new system
including the initial bid and the hammer price
we found a tender for a beach lease in the area of Lia in Mykonos
which we managed to identify in our database
This is a lease of 300 square meters for the purpose of placing umbrellas and sun loungers
which is in the same range of the five leases –signed under the previous regime– whose contracts we examined
This means that each set of sunbeds will cost a business €2,436
In a sample of 3,950 leases we examined from MyCoast data
of which we estimate that 1,473 were granted after the new law was enacted and 2,477 were granted before
the median percentage increase in the price per square meter of leases granted under the new regime is estimated to be 18%
the largest increase is found in mixed leases for the installation of umbrellas and sun loungers
and water sports areas (47.7% –from €22/sq.m
We estimate that in the popular islands of the Cyclades
the increases will be many times higher in all categories of use
Focus on the economy but not the environment
And while the government’s legislative initiative appears to be a serious attempt to address decades of illegality on Greek beaches
environmental organizations say it falls short on one crucial factor: “…it does not introduce a reform for the effective protection and management of the shoreline
this important ecosystem that is under pressure from the climate crisis
and it lacks provisions related to adaptation to climate change (e.g
there is no mention of other natural or man-made hazards that threaten the coastal and riparian zones
etc.),” note in a statement eight environmental organizations
2971/2001 that defines the State’s responsibility for the protection and management of public spaces and their ecosystems
the minimum building distance of 30 meters from the shoreline is abolished
while the maximum limit of 50 meters is maintained
It also ignores the Protocol on Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) of the Barcelona Convention for the Protection of the Mediterranean Sea Against Pollution
which establishes “a zone where construction is not allowed” which “may not be less than 100 meters.” Finally
the law creates a category it calls “untouchable beaches”
a joint ministerial decision by the Minister of Economy and Finance Kostis Hatzidakis
and the Minister of Environment and Energy Theodore Skylakakis
finalized the list of 198 “Untouchable Beaches” within the Natura 2000 network
while 40 more were proposed in June of the same year
the granting of concessions for simple use of the seashore and the beach is prohibited
as well as any other action that may jeopardize their morphology and their integrity in terms of their ecological functions
By mapping each concession from our database in conjunction with the published map of Natura sites (their demarcation has not yet been completed)
we identified 1,918 concessions on beaches that fall within the Natura 2000 network
the placement of umbrellas and sun loungers is prohibited to exceed 30% of their area
Environmental organizations warn that the protection of these zones is inadequate and that the new law does not really protect the beaches
but restricts the activities allowed on them
without anyone knowing for whom or on whose behalf the savage tractors are working.”
August 1, 2024. The Kathimerini newspaper reports that “an amendment to a draft law by the Ministry of Economy and Financeallows municipalities to legalize illegal constructions (e.g
landfills) in order to lease them to cafeterias and taverns right by the sea.”
Explainer: what changes for the seashore with the new law
Last summer’s legacy
Law 5092/2024
Digital Paros Lab
iMEdD is a non-profit organization in an effort to enhance transparency
founded in 2018 with the exclusive donation of the Stavros Niarchos Foundation (SNF)
2023: This photograph shows fluttering Greek and European flags on a burnt building amid a fire between the villages of Kiotari and Genadi
Relentless wildfires in Greece are forcing tens of thousands of people to evacuate from the islands of Rhodes and Corfu — and leaving many tourists stranded at airports and makeshift shelters
2023: A fireman gestures and holds a cat and two rabbits after rescuing them from a fire between the villages of Kiotari and Gennadi
2023: Burnt trees are seen next to a hotel near the village of Kiotari
Forest fires rage in Rhodes and other parts of Greece
Greek firefighters are still working to contain the blazes, with help from several other countries. But they face an uphill battle, as Greece's weather service says temperatures are likely to flare up again on Tuesday for several days
"We are in the seventh day of the fire and it hasn't been controlled," Rhodes Deputy Mayor Konstantinos Taraslias told Greek state TV ERT as a fresh round of evacuations were ordered on Monday, Politico reports
Corfu became the second island to launch major evacuations, after some 19,000 people fled Rhodes over the weekend in what Greek authorities called "the largest evacuation from a wildfire in the country."
2023: Evacuees take shelter at a sports hall in Venetokleio due to wildfires on Rhodes island
2023: A burnt beach bar can be seen near the village of Kiotari
Forest fires rage on Rhodes and in other parts of Greece
The Associated Press reports that 16,000 people were evacuated from Rhodes by land and 3,000 by sea from 12 villages and several hotels
Six people were treated at a hospital for respiratory problems
Authorities said at least 2,400 visitors and locals were evacuated from Corfu overnight on Sunday as a precaution, according to AFP
2023: People watch the fires near the village of Malona in the Greek island of Rhodes
2023: A deer runs with smoke in the background during a fire between the villages of Kiotari and Gennadi
Wildfires have become a nearly annual phenomenon in Greece
but this year it's simultaneously in so many different fronts," Varvitsioti said
"And that's why I think it's very hard for the Greek fire department to deal with it."
The fires struck during peak tourist season in Greece
And while visitors flock to the islands from all over the world
Corfu and Rhodes are especially popular with people from the United Kingdom
2023: Tourists wait in the airport's departure hall as evacuations are underway due to wildfires
There are currently between 7,000 and 10,000 British tourists on Rhodes, U.K. Foreign Office Minister Andrew Mitchell said on Monday
Many of them are still trying to get out of the country
both in terms of getting to the airport and getting a flight home
smoke-filled skies and lying on mattresses in makeshift shelters
Varvitsioti said tourists were moved to locations like schools and conference centers until they could fly out, which has also been a complicated endeavor. Many have spent one or even two nights sleeping in the hallways of Rhodes' international airport
2023: Smoke caused by a massive wildfire in the Rhodes island in Greece
"Some of them did not even have their travel documents so there was a makeshift operation at the airport by the foreign ministry and embassies which provided travelers with the necessary documents so they could return home," she explained
The British government said Sunday it had sent a rapid deployment team to Rhodes to support its citizens at the airport
by helping with emergency travel documents and working with travel operators and Greek authorities
Greece's foreign ministry has also set up a crisis management unit to facilitate the evacuation of foreign citizens
British airlines-slash-tour-operators, Jet2 and Tui, have canceled all incoming flights to Rhodes for the next several days and are using the empty planes to bring tourists home
Greece's transportation ministry said 21 repatriation flights took place on Monday and more would follow
The U.K. Foreign Ministry updated its travel advisory for Greece on Sunday
telling travelers headed for any affected areas to check with their travel operator or hotel first — but not warning against it
told Times Radio that that's because only 10% of Rhodes is affected by the fires
He said he personally would not travel there at the moment
but deferred to "tourist companies and the holiday experts ..
to give guidance on whether or not a family or individuals' holidays are going to be ruined by these events."
Meanwhile, U.S. officials are urging any Americans in the area to "follow instructions from local authorities and closely monitor the local media and emergency alerts."
2023: Firefighters work to extinguish a wildfire in a forest near Nea Peramos
not just on those islands but on Evia and the Peloponnesian peninsula as well
They're getting help from the European Union and beyond
France, Italy, Romania, Slovakia, Poland, Croatia, Bulgaria and Malta are among the countries deploying not only equipment but hundreds of firefighters
Ursula von der Leyen, the president of the European Commission, tweeted on Sunday that EU firefighters were already on the ground
"Greece is handling this difficult situation with professionalism
putting emphasis on safely evacuating thousands of tourists
and can always count on European solidarity," she wrote
2023: A cloud of smoke rises during a fire in Dervenochoria
Mitsotakis told parliament on Monday that "we are at war — completely focused on the fires," per the AP
He said climate change "will make its presence ever more felt with greater natural disasters throughout the Mediterranean region," and urged people to remain "on constant alert" in the days and weeks ahead
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Alexander Haditaghi was declared the highest bidder for the development of a coastal land parcel in Nea Iraklitsa near Kavala
the Hellenic Republic Asset Development Fund (HRADF) said on Tuesday
The total consideration is 18.5 million euros
The starting price was set at 9.1 million euros
The parcel of land includes two coastal properties sharing borders
totalling 14973 hectares (149,733 stremmas)
faces the bay of Kavala on the mainland and the eastern coast of Thassos island
It has direct access to Egnatia Odos national highway and the old Thessaloniki-Kaval National Highway
with the coastal road of Nea Iraklitsa-Kavala traversing its western limit
45km from the Kavala International Airport ‘Megas Alexandros’ and 140km from Thessaloniki
The closest ports are those of Kavala and Nea Peramos (2.5km)
Nea Iraklitsa is a coastal resort during the summer months and attracts tourists from northern Greece
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Heavy overnight rain on 15th November caused flash flooding in parts of Greece
At least 15 people have been killed and it has caused widespread destruction in central Greece as people were unprepared for the fast-flowing torrents of red mud that flooded the roads and thousands of homes
The sheer force of the water moved vehicles
After the decision to cancel the tender for Alexandroupoli Port Authority and instead develop its infrastructure through public investments to be undertaken by the main shareholder
the government has also decided to proceed with a similar model for the Kavala Port Authority
Kavala constitutes port infrastructure of critical geopolitical importance
adjacent to important energy facilities and resources
Infrastructures include the only active hydrocarbon field in the country (Prinos)
the underwater cavity off Kavala that can be used as a strategic gas reserve depot (the tender for which is ongoing)
also the prospect of developing sites of undersea carbon dioxide storage and the Trans-Adriatic Natural Gas Pipeline (TAP)
It is located next to the Egnatia Highway and is close to the vertical roads that will be developed and connect it to the Balkans
while its proximity to the city to Alexandroupoli is such that its port is often treated as a complement to its counterpart in the northeastern Greece
100% of whose share capital is controlled by privatization fund TAIPED
is responsible for a port system consisting of four mutually complementary ports: the Apostolos Pavlos Port of Kavala
yachting and fishing; the port of Keramoti
which serves freight traffic and coastal shipping; the port of Nea Peramos
which is intended for the service of freight traffic
The complex of these four ports has been characterized as having international importance
as it can function as a hub for the Eastern Balkan Peninsula
as expressed by the former US ambassador in Athens
Seventy-one out of 323 beaches inspected by the Panhellenic Center for Ecological Research in the Greek capital’s Attica region were found unfit for swimming
with low cleanliness scores going to popular spots like Loutsa
which is a member of the United Nations Environmental Program
checked the waters at 323 beaches for Enterococci
as well as for pollution from household detergents
they deemed that bathing is dangerous at the following beaches: Elefsina
The remainder of the beaches inspected was ruled safe for the public
while Attica also received dozens of Blue Flags this year for its beaches
By the end of 2026 to early 2027, the Suburban Railway of western Attica will be opened to traffic
connecting all coastal areas from Elefsina to Nea Peramos and Megara with the existing suburban railway network to Athens and the airport
The network includes eight stop stations: HELPE Aspropyrgos
it is the upgrading of the existing Suburban Railway of Western Attica
namely the section Ano Losia – New Megara Station – P.S
with the contractor being Metlen Group’s METKA company
financed by the Recovery and Resilience Fund (RRF) and will connect Western Attica with Athens
Piraeus and the rest of the railway network
The project involves the construction of a new suburban railway branch from Ano Losia to Megara
within the existing railway corridor of the old railway line to the Peloponnese
the scope of the project concerns the construction of a single 36km-long line in the west of Athens
from Ano Losia to the old railway station of Megara
on the axis of the old metric line of the SPAP
serving the densely populated areas of Aspropyrgos
the project concerns the renovation of the superstructure of the Railway Line with new materials and its certification to the Interoperability Principles and includes the installation of a 25kV overhead contact line system
the installation of a signalling and telecommand system with ETCS L1 with all station information systems
telecommunication systems and E/M installations at the stations.The final project will be interconnected with the High Speed Railway Line (HST) at the Ano Liosia railway station
The project budget also includes the branch line to the old Megara station
the construction of which is an option that is activated with the approval of the environmental conditions for this section
the Western Attica Suburban Railway will not only serve areas with a population employed in industries in the wider region
but a large number of logistics centers are currently being organized along it
while at the same time the load of heavy vehicles circulating on the PATHE axis will be reduced.” It is noted that one freight train is equal to the traffic of 15 – 20 heavy vehicles on the road axes
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