I am Gyula, the founder and research director of Project Wasteless, the Hungarian food waste prevention programme. The programme was launched in 2016 with the support the EU LIFE Programme.
Project Wasteless is an awareness-raising programme
that has reached every Hungarian citizen on average about 20 times with food waste-related information and motivating messages
We also work together with schools and teachers to integrate knowledge about sustainable and safe food consumption into children's education
we have monitored household food waste and public attitudes about sustainable food consumption to optimise the interventions
I am very proud to be a member of the European Platform on Food Losses and Food Waste
and to have supported the EU Citizens' Panel on Food Waste
We think and work together with many other European initiatives to decrease food waste by 50% by 2030
#ForOurPlanet campaign
EU Environment newsletters deliver the latest updates about the European Commission’s environmental priorities straight to your inbox
has been appointed as a backup mission specialist for Axiom Mission 4 (Ax-4)
Cserényi earned both his bachelor's and master's degrees in electrical engineering from the Budapest University of Technology and Economics in 2014
specializing in electrical machines and drive systems
he furthered his education by enrolling in an engineer economist course at the Budapest University of Economics
Proficient in English and conversant in German
Cserényi's linguistic skills complement his technical expertise
Beginning his career as an electrical engineer at an energy network and infrastructure operator company
Cserényi quickly advanced to roles as a project engineer and senior electrical engineer
he led the electrical network safety and operation group at a major industrial site for five years
showcasing his leadership and technical prowess
Cserényi is an avid obstacle course runner
having completed the Spartan Race nine times
He is also passionate about fencing and wall climbing
Cserényi is married and a proud father of two children
Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article
Gyula Harangozó (born April 19, 1908, Budapest, Hung.—died Oct. 30, 1974, Budapest) was one of the founders of the Hungarian National Ballet and an exceptional dancer of the ballet d’action
It was his many characteristically Hungarian dance works—including Pozsonyi majális (“May Dance in Pozsony”)
A furfangos diákok (“The Crafty Students”)
and A keszkenő (“The Handkerchief”)—and his three-act ballet Ludas Matyi (1960)
that earned him an international reputation
From 1950 to 1960 he was artistic director of the Hungarian National Ballet
Although he was an important figure in the Hungarian-language Zionist movement in Yugoslavia
and one of the few Hungarian Jewish members of the right-wing Zionist movement—Revisionism—to reach a high position
not a single article has been written about the life of Gyula Dohány yet
Dohány was born on 23 March 1884 in Nagybecskerek, Torontál County, into a highly assimilated Jewish family. He had two older siblings and several younger ones, and his family’s financial situation was likely difficult, as he wrote to the bar association as a young lawyer that he and his brothers were supporting their family.[1]
became a legal trainee in the capital in 1905
he served at the military prosecutor’s office in Temesvár and was discharged with the rank of ‘first lieutenant-judge’
It was at the prosecutor’s office that he met another now-forgotten figure of Hungarian Zionism
who one evening dragged him to a lecture by Alexander Marmorek
a Galicia-born French biologist and Zionist orator
Dohány formed a lifelong friendship with Marmorek
and the speaker won over the previously highly assimilationist Dohány to the Zionist cause forever
which drew the ire of the local assimilated
Zionist newspapers reported that at the end of December 1918
the new government’s minister of nationalities
The papers claimed that this meeting led Jászi to issue his famous statement—widely celebrated in Zionist circles—recognizing the revolutionary government’s support for Jewish national aspirations
this declaration had been issued several days before the alleged meeting
Dohány reportedly submitted a Zionist memorandum to the government
the full text of which is only partially known
According to a January 1919 article in the Jewish paper Múlt és Jövő (Past and Future)
the memorandum primarily protested against antisemitic riots in areas populated by national minorities and argued that the government would need the support of the Jewish community
though the manuscript actually dates it to the final days of 1918)
Dohány published a booklet in Temesvár titled The National Movement of the Jews
The pamphlet began by noting that while there had recently been debates about whether a ‘Jewish Question’ existed in Hungary
Dohány argued that there was no point in tiptoeing around the issue—Hungarians were mature citizens
without waiting for the approval of the ‘paternalistic state’
the pamphlet was optimistic in the sense that it framed Jewish survival as a historical certainty
noting that Jews had outlived even the fall of the Roman Empire and that history was now merely repeating itself
he then began praising the values of radicalism (socialism)—undoubtedly a reflection of the revolutionary climate of the time
He contended that Hungarian Jews had been a steadfast pillar of the capitalist Monarchy
they would not be in their current predicament
‘The pamphlet was optimistic in the sense that it framed Jewish survival as a historical certainty’
the pamphlet is striking because one of the first actions of the 1919 communist regime that soon replaced the Aster Government was to ban Zionism
Later Dohány would align himself with the most anti-Marxist faction of Zionism
Yet the text clearly reflects the revolutionary fervour of its time
with its author adapting his message to align with the prevailing political climate
Despite Zionist hopes, numerous antisemitic atrocities occurred in Yugoslavia at this time. ‘We, the Jews of Vojvodina, endure the insults that repeatedly appear in the local press helplessly and in silence. Weak and disorganized, we silently tolerate official persecution and the mass expulsion of Jewish families from their homes,’ Dohány lamented in an article in the Jüdisches Volksblatt in 1922.[6]
A year later Dohány wrote about German racial theory in the Zionist journal Haivri
he predicted that German racial ideology would dominate all other European nationalisms and that the ‘Jew-murdering National Socialists’ planned to ghettoize Jews before ‘neutralizing all who live there’. This article was notably more conservative than his 1919 pamphlet
He argued that German racial theory had risen to prominence in a Europe stripped of its moral foundations. ‘The great cultural community of nations
world peace—these have all become empty illusions,’ he opined
world peace—these have all become empty illusions’
In 1935 Jabotinsky’s revisionists split from the World Zionist Organization and founded the New Zionist Organization (NZO). Dohány faithfully followed his leader, and in February 1936, the New Zionist Organization of Yugoslavia was founded in 25 settlements, with Dohány as its president. From the list of the leadership, it is clear that a significant number of Hungarian Jews were behind the organization of this group as well.[10]
‘Jabotinsky believed that there was no need to copy any foreign movement
After the liberation he was a member of the Yugoslav National Committee for the Prosecution of War Criminals
and then briefly moved to Budapest before leaving the country
where he worked for a time in some position at the US State Department
and later worked as a college professor teaching law and philosophy (likely in Tennessee
he was learning Hebrew at that time—perhaps a characteristic comment from a highly assimilated Jew who turned to Zionism only as an adult
In 1968, in his old age, he moved to Haifa, where he passed away in 1972 at the age of 89. Upon his death, Tomaschoff referred to him as ‘one of the pillars of Hungarian Zionism’—which was true, but mostly for the Hungarian-speaking part of the Zionist movement in Yugoslavia. The family issued a brief death notice: ‘The friend of Marmorek, the friend of Jabotinsky, has passed away.’[17] Indeed
Dohány was one of the most influential Hungarian figures in the Revisionist Zionist movement
and the lack of recognition of his biography (so far) has been a painful gap in the history of Hungarian Zionism
[1] Budapest Főváros Levéltára (BFL)
[2] For the sources of this paragraph
[3] Veszprémy László Bernát, ‘Zsidó, demokratikus, szocialista, anticionista’, Szombat, 7 Oct 2017, https://www.szombat.org/tortenelem/zsido-demokratikus-szocialista-anticionista
[4] Dr Dohány Gyula
A Temesvári Zsidó Nemzeti Szövetség kiadványai
[5] Dévavári Zoltán
A szabadkai zsidóság és az antiszemitizmus (1918–1939)’
[6] Dr J Dohany
‘Juden und serbische Presse in der Vojvodina’
[7] Dohány Gyula
[8] Vojislava Radovanovic
[9] Jabotinsky Institute (JI)
[10] Népünk (Oradea)
[11] Dr Julije Dohany
Die Wahrheit über Palästina und das jüdische Nationalheim
A copy of the rare pamphlet can be found here: JI
[12] JI
[13] JI
[14] Dr Dohány Gyula
[15] JI
[16] BFL IX.282.b
[17] JI
Hungarian Conservative is a quarterly magazine on contemporary political
philosophical and cultural issues from a conservative perspective
Metrics details
the differences in perceptual experiences and performance across different regions of the visual field are present in various paradigms and tasks of visual perception
particularly regarding the influence of PAAs during perceptual illusions
highlighting a gap in visual cognition studies
We aim to fill this gap by measuring PAAs across the visual field during an illusion applied to test conscious vision widely
Motion-induced blindness (MIB) is an illusion when a peripheral target disappears from consciousness as the result of a continuously moving background pattern
During MIB we separately measured the average disappearance time of peripheral targets in eight equidistant visual field positions
Our results indicate a significant variation in MIB disappearance times and frequencies as a function of target location
we found shorter and fewer disappearances along the cardinal compared to oblique directions
and along the horizontal compared to the vertical meridian
Our results suggest specific consistencies between visual field asymmetries and conscious visual perception
they remain unexplored in optical illusions
which allow us to delineate the contribution of internal states to PAAs from the early visual asymmetries described above
By investigating polar angle asymmetries within the MIB illusion
which we refer to as perceptual performance
we test if the MIB illusion shows any PAAs
We tested the magnitude of MIB in eight peripheral positions
spanning the entire 360-degree visual field
We hypothesized that shorter disappearance times in the MIB illusion would correlate with better perceptual performance
we expected that MIB would exhibit a smaller magnitude (shorter disappearance times and lower frequency of disappearances): (1) along the horizontal compared to the vertical meridian leading or contributing to HVA; (2) in the lower part compared to the upper part of the vertical meridian
and (3) along cardinal directions compared to oblique directions
We aim to investigate whether the dynamics observed in the MIB illusion vary across the visual field in a manner consistent with early-stage visual anisotropies
this could suggest that these anisotropies are not solely a product of early visual processing but are also shaped by higher-level mechanisms involved in conscious perception
all position and visual field area data were evaluated using Q-Q plots to confirm adherence to a normal distribution
ensuring the validity of our statistical test
Mean total times (a) and frequencies (b) of the MIB illusion for each position separately (+-SE)
The polar plots show significant differences in disappearance times and frequencies across the visual field positions
SD = 0.065) led to significantly shorter periods of disappearances when compared to the Northwest (t(24)=-4.037
West position also showed lower frequency of disappearance compared to Northwest (t(24)=-4.268
Targets at the Northwest position were associated with significantly longer periods of disappearances than targets at the North position (t(24) = 3.741
additionally South position showed significantly longer disappearances than the North (t(24) = 3.294
Northwest position here exhibited a significantly higher frequency compared to the North position (t(24) = 3.631
and the South position showed a higher number of disappearances than the North (t(24) = 4.066
Mean normalized times (+-SE) of the MIB illusion for positions grouped across the meridians (a), the horizontal meridian vs. the UVH and LVH (b), the cardinal and oblique axes (c), and frequencies (+-SE) in the same order (d, e, f). For definitions of the groups see Table 2
these results suggest a strong anisotropy across the visual field for the length of time and the frequency of disappearances in the MIB illusion
where reduced attentional resources lead to greater declines in perceptual sensitivity compared to cardinal orientations
This aligns with the “response gain” mechanism
are more resistant to perceptual suppression under constrained attention
Applying this to our findings on motion-induced blindness (MIB)
the shorter disappearance times and lower disappearance frequencies for cardinal orientations may reflect their advantage in engaging attentional resources
the anisotropies we observed may involve not only early visual processing but also attentional modulation
with cardinal orientations benefiting more from available attentional resources
Future studies could directly test this by varying attentional load during MIB
providing a clearer picture of how attentional dynamics influence visual field anisotropies in conscious perception
This highlights the fact that asymmetries around visual field meridians show a robust correlation with visual illusion experiences as well
so the origin of this discrepancy in MIB is currently unclear and requires further investigation
we did not find this upper left difference in our work
the heightened covert attention to the upper left region (a prime area for reading and computer use
as discussed before) might lead to a higher frequency of disappearances
suggesting distinct underlying mechanisms behind the two
the two applied measures led to identical results regarding PAAs
This suggests that the contrast and position dependence of MIB rely on different background mechanisms
we also propose several avenues for future research
One particularly promising area is the exploration of the role of attentional networks in the MIB phenomenon
While our study hints at the involvement of attentional mechanisms
subsequent research could employ tasks specifically designed to tease apart the contributions of attentional networks to the experience of visual illusions
The development of computational models that simulate visual processing in the human brain could also advance our understanding of visual asymmetries in visual illusions
Such models could be used to predict individual differences in illusion experiences and potentially inform the design of interventions to enhance visual/perceptual performance
therefore its comparison to that of MIB would also be a direction for future experiments
the biases observed in perceptual performance during MIB generally align with those in early visual as well as attentional processes
the subtle differences in MIB suggest that while perceptual biases are predominantly shaped by the quality of visual inputs
internal states also interact with these inputs to produce localized biases
We measured the MIB illusion across the entire visual field and found that its magnitude shows strong polar angle asymmetries for peripheral targets
We observed the shortest and least disappearance times/periods at positions over the horizontal meridian
Our results suggest that known asymmetries of the visual field extend to the level of conscious visual stimulus processing
suggesting that the sample size was adequate
Participants were rewarded by partial course credits
The study was approved by the local ethics committee (ethics number: FSV 21/073) and was conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki
Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their participation in the experiment
First, participants completed a brief fixation training51
During this phase participants’ eye movements were first calibrated and validated
They were instructed to maintain their fixation on the central fixation dot
a peripheral target stimulus appeared on the screen
and 315 (distance from the center: 9 degrees)
Participants were instructed to make a saccadic eye movement to the location of the peripheral target and maintain fixation for a duration of at least 1 s
participants were required to fixate the target 1 s longer
This progressive goal-setting aimed to identify individuals who are unable to sustain fixation for extended periods
participants received feedback if they failed to maintain fixation on the target for the required duration
A maximum of 20 training trials was presented and all participants completed the training phase successfully
we conducted a demonstration to showcase perceptual disappearance
which involved the use of a physically removed stimulus
This demonstration aimed to help participants understand the distinct characteristics that are associated with the complete perceptual disappearance of targets
participants received detailed instructions (oral and written
on-screen) on the execution of the paradigm
Each screen was presented until a button was pressed at the beginning of each block of the experiment
thus we have also compared the frequency of MIB periods across positions
we summarized the number of disappearances per position and normalized them in the same manner as we did for the duration times of illusion
relative to the total length of the trials for each position
The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available in a publicly accessible repository
The raw and processed data necessary to replicate and build upon the findings reported in this article have been deposited at OSF repository
Cortical magnification neutralizes the eccentricity effect in visual search
Cortical magnification within human primary visual cortex correlates with acuity thresholds
Probability summation and regional variation in contrast sensitivity across the visual field
The distribution of preferred orientations in the peripheral visual field
& Characterizing visual performance fields: effects of transient covert attention
Horizontal–vertical anisotropy in visual space
Body-relative horizontal–vertical anisotropy in human representations of traveled distances
Visual field asymmetries vary between children and adults
Isoeccentric locations are not equivalent: the extent of the vertical meridian asymmetry
Topography of ganglion cells in human retina
Variation of cone photoreceptor packing density with retinal eccentricity and age
A formula for human retinal ganglion cell receptive field density as a function of visual field location
The visual field representation in striate cortex of the macaque monkey: asymmetries
Cortical magnification in human visual cortex parallels task performance around the visual field
Cross-dataset reproducibility of human retinotopic maps
Modeling visual performance differences ‘around’ the visual field: a computational observer approach
Asymmetries around the visual field: from retina to cortex to behavior
Asymmetries in visual acuity around the visual field
Covert attention affects the psychometric function of contrast sensitivity
A horizontal–vertical anisotropy in spatial short-term memory
Polar angle asymmetries in visual perception and neural architecture
Motion-induced blindness in normal observers
Explanation of the Muller-Lyer illusion: confusion theory examined
Motion-induced blindness as a noisy excitable system
Perceptual disappearance of a visual object in a driving situation
Simulated forward and backward self motion
Irregular astigmatism of the eye: effect of correcting lenses
Perception and discrimination as a function of stimulus orientation: the ‘oblique effect’ in man and animals
Attentional modulation interacts with orientation anisotropies in contrast perception
The relative capabilities of the upper and lower visual hemifields
Upper and lower visual field differences in perceptual asymmetries
Vertical meridian asymmetry in spatial resolution: visual and attentional factors
Dynamic upper and lower visual field preferences within the human dorsal frontoparietal attention network
Opposing roles of sensory and parietal cortices in awareness in a bistable motion illusion
Line bisection and perceptual asymmetries in normal individuals: what you see is not what you get
Pseudoneglect: a review and meta-analysis of performance factors in line bisection tasks
The free-energy principle: a unified brain theory
Illusory motion reproduced by deep neural networks trained for prediction
Motion Induced blindness: the more you attend the less you see
Attentional influences on the dynamics of motion-induced blindness
Perceptual filling-in from the edge of the blind spot
Motion-induced blindness and troxler fading: common and different mechanisms
Fluctuations of visual awareness: combining motion-induced blindness with binocular rivalry
A common oscillator for perceptual rivalries
Long-lasting connections: the relationship between motion-induced blindness and binocular rivalry reconsidered
G*Power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social
Controlling low-level image properties: the SHINE toolbox
The racially diverse affective expression (RADIATE) face stimulus set
Looking for a face in the crowd: fixation-related potentials in an eye-movement visual search task
Influence of contrast and coherence on the temporal dynamics of binocular motion rivalry
A simple more general boxplot method for identifying outliers
Download references
We thank Dominic Kühnlein for his help in building the eye-movement recording setup and Szabolcs Szalánczi for the ideas for implementing the experimental script
The work was financed by the TWCF: INTREPID Consortium for an Accelerating Research on Consciousness grant ‘Adversarial collaboration to test contrasting predictions from Integrated Information Theory and Predictive Processing Accounts of Consciousness’
funded by the Templeton Foundation (0646).We acknowledge support by the German Research Foundation Projekt-Nr
512648189 and the Open Access Publication Fund of the Thueringer Universitaets- und Landesbibliothek Jena
Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL
Monash Centre for Consciousness and Contemplative Studies
and drafted the initial manuscript as well as its revisions
created the software and contributed to the interpretation of the data
supervised and administered the project and its funding
designed the experiment and analysis methods
interpreted the results and wrote the initial manuscript as well as its revisions.All authors critically reviewed and approved the final manuscript for submission
The authors declare no competing interests
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-78939-6
Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:
a shareable link is not currently available for this article
Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science
View upcoming auction estimates and receive personalized email alerts for the artists you follow
First monographic exhibition dedicated to the work of the visionary Argentinean artist Gyula Kosice (b
the purpose of the exhibition is to highlight Kosice's pioneering role and to reposition him in the historiography of Latin American art
The exhibition brings together around 75 works produced between 1950 and 1980 that comprise his key contributions to post-war modernism
and includes his emblematic installation The Hydrospatial City (1946-72)
from the collection of the Museum of Fine Arts
This floating city consists of 18 independent modules that house dwellings arranged to satisfy different human needs and desires
The ensemble is complemented by 8 light boxes that illustrate the position of some of these modules with reference to a galactic scale
The project also contemplates the development of an in-depth research on the artist's use of plastic conducted by a specialized team and the publication of a reference catalog edited in collaboration with the ICAA-MFAH (International Center for the Arts of the Americas)
in a double edition in Spanish and English
The installation of The Hydrospatial City will be complemented in the exhibition by ink and watercolor sketches
photomontages and multi-media panels created by Kosice himself to convey his vision of a city suspended in the atmosphere
as we face the catastrophic impact of climate change
the ability of The Hydrospatial City to question our lifestyles or claims to forms of inhabitation will inspire other responses
First monographic exhibition dedicated to the work of the visionary Argentinean artist Gyula Kosice (b. Ferdinand Fallik; Košice, Czechoslovakia, 1924 - Buenos Aires, 2016).
The project also contemplates the development of an in-depth research on the artist's use of plastic conducted by a specialized team and the publication of a reference catalog edited in collaboration with the ICAA-MFAH (International Center for the Arts of the Americas), in a double edition in Spanish and English.
The installation of The Hydrospatial City will be complemented in the exhibition by ink and watercolor sketches, photomontages and multi-media panels created by Kosice himself to convey his vision of a city suspended in the atmosphere. Today, as we face the catastrophic impact of climate change, the ability of The Hydrospatial City to question our lifestyles or claims to forms of inhabitation will inspire other responses, as it remains more relevant than ever.
MALBA will inaugurate on July 7th "Gyula Kosice: Intergaláctico", the first monographic exhibition dedicated to the Argentine artist, born in 1924 in Czechoslovakia and deceased in Buenos Aires in 2016.
0.97);}@media (min-width:1024px){.css-1j5gzzj{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.55;}}.css-1cbf1l2{height:0;overflow:hidden;-webkit-transition:height 300ms cubic-bezier(0.4
1) 0ms;transition:height 300ms cubic-bezier(0.4
1) 0ms;height:auto;overflow:visible;}.css-15830to{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;width:100%;}.css-9vd5ud{width:100%;}The recording was made during the acclaimed March 2024 run of The Passenger in Madrid
It features the Chorus and Orchestra of the Teatro Real
The Passenger will be released as a digital audio album on 24 January 2025
Watch the film of the opera on STAGE+
“Mirga Gražinytė-Tyla brought convincingly to life all the emotional
melodic and timbral demands of … a work that explores some of the most difficultaspects of human experience with audacity and originality”
Mirga Gražinytė-Tyla is one of today’s leading ambassadors for the long-neglected music of the Polish-born Jewish composer Mieczysław Weinberg (1919–96)
Following on from her critically lauded readings of several of his major orchestral works
Deutsche Grammophon is now delighted to present a new recording of the first of Weinberg’s seven operas
with the Lithuanian conductor again at the helm
The album captures the version of this “shattering Holocaust opera” (The Critic) staged at Madrid’s Teatro Real in spring 2024
a revival of the world premiere production directed by fellow Weinberg champion David Pountney (a Teatro Real co‑production with the Bregenz Festival
The audio album is set for digital release on 24 January 2025
shortly before International Holocaust Remembrance Day (27 January)
which marks the anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau in 1945
and honours the memory of all victims of Nazism
Weinberg fled the Nazi invasion of Poland for the Soviet Union in 1939
It was only in 1966 that he learned that the rest of his family had died in a concentration camp during World War Two
A year later he began work on The Passenger
setting a libretto by Alexander Medvedev which was based in turn on the novel of the same name by the Polish writer Zofia Posmysz
and was brought to the composer’s attention thanks to his long-time friend Shostakovich
but all attempts to stage it during his lifetime were thwarted by the Soviet authorities
A semi-staged version in Moscow in 2006 was followed by David Pountney’s world premiere production at the Bregenz Festival in 2010
Alex Ross of The New Yorker called The Passenger “a work of concentrated power that outweighs most other attempts to dramatise the Holocaust”
The action of the opera switches between the deck of an ocean liner sailing from Europe to Brazil in the early 1960s
believes she has recognised a woman she thought was dead
The latter is the “passenger” of the title – Marta
a fact she only now discloses to her husband
who has to decide how to come to terms with this revelation
depict the horrors of the camp and the doomed relationship between Marta and her violinist fiancé Tadeusz
The audience never knows for sure whether the passenger is really Marta or not and a complex sense of ambiguity runs throughout the opera
for example – despite her inability to accept responsibility for her actions
she is haunted by the horrors in which she played a part
Weinberg’s music is kaleidoscopic in its variety
one moment portraying the rich passengers on the liner
the next reflecting the many nationalities of those imprisoned in Auschwitz
at times the music becomes virtually inaudible
as the composer allows the emotion of the moment to speak for itself
features Weinberg’s Fifth Symphony with the City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra in Birmingham (11 June 2025)
Boyup Brook Hospital grounds keeper and Volunteer Fire and Rescue Service (VFRS) lieutenant Gyula Bogar has been awarded the prestigious Australian Fire Service Medal at the 2025 Australia Day Honours
Gyula has been a familiar face at Boyup Brook Hospital since 2012
working across multiple roles including as a handyman
He ensures the hospital operates smoothly and remains a welcoming environment
Gyula maintains the hospital and lodge gardens
creating beautiful outdoor spaces for staff and residents to enjoy
He’s always willing to go the extra mile
often seen donning an apron to fire up a BBQ
Gyula has also played an integral role at the Boyup Brook VFRS
Starting as a volunteer in 1967 at 15 years old
he has lived and breathed emergency services ever since
Gyula also served as a member of the West Boyup Bush Fire Brigade for seven years and as a volunteer fire control officer for the Shire of Boyup Brook for 15 years
Over the years he has held various leadership positions within the Boyup Brook brigade
His contributions have significantly shaped the brigade
he was instrumental to securing appliances and equipment to expand the brigade’s capabilities to help respond to road crash rescues and hazardous and toxic materials
he led landmark upgrades to the Boyup Brook Fire Station
which included gender-separate change rooms with decontamination facilities
He played a key role in asset protection and containment efforts while deployed to fires that burned through more than 5,900 hectares in Donnybrook and Balingup in January 2023
In his current role as a lieutenant with Boyup Brook VFRS
Gyula trains and mentors his fellow volunteers and works hard to build strong relationships with emergency services in town
He is known for going above and beyond in areas of prevention and preparedness
Executive Director South West Kerry Winsor said Gyula is a dedicated member of the Boyup Brook Hospital and community
“Gyula’s selfless service and dedication to the safety and wellbeing of our community is truly commendable
“His unwavering commitment and efforts have made a significant impact on both the hospital and greater community
“The Australian Fire Service Medal is a well-deserved recognition of his lifetime of service
and we are very fortunate to have him as part of our team," she said
Brought to you by the Department of Health, Western Australia
In Budapest an outrageous situation persists: in the city of the heroes of ’56
those brave young Hungarians who fought for freedom—a statue and even a walkway continue to commemorate a Communist politician directly involved in the post-revolutionary reprisals
something instituted by Mayor Gergely Karácsony’s left-liberal city administration
has recently been officially ruled illegal by the Budapest Court of Law
Yet the city authorities have not budged on the matter
The Budapest chapter of Fidesz has now proposed a correction to this injustice:
‘Restoring legality is a fundamental duty. But we owe even more! It is a moral minimum that we honour the heroes of the 1956 Revolution and Freedom Fight—not those who, standing on the opposite side of the barricades, took up arms against Hungarian freedom,’ stated Alexandra Szentkirályi
chairperson of the Budapest chapter of Fidesz
former Socialist foreign minister and later prime minister following the system change
The ‘pufajkások’ or ‘padded jacket wearers’
were the armed units established after the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 by the Kádár government to maintain order and secure Soviet-backed Communist power
They earned their name from the distinctive
identical to those used by the Soviet military
A Communist figure of this nature is clearly not befitting as the namesake of a walkway in Budapest
Hungarian law explicitly forbids public spaces from bearing the names of individuals who played a part in establishing
or perpetuating the totalitarian political regimes of the 20th century
Those who respect Horn’s accomplishments in his later years as prime minister or his contributions to the political left are entitled to their views
yet such respect cannot override the concerns regarding his actions during the Communist dictatorship
Especially not in Budapest—in the city of the pesti srácok
those young heroes who faced down the tanks of a communist dictatorship
this symbol is a desecration of their memory
Horn joined the Hungarian Workers’ Party (MDP) in 1954
the Hungarian Socialist Workers’ Party (MSZMP)
and participated in the suppression of the 1956 Revolution in an administrative capacity
Gyula Horn Gyula in the Revolutionary Guards regiment during the 1956 Revolution’s aftermath
This Soviet-aligned unit was tasked with protecting the newly formed Kádár government and enforcing post-revolutionary reprisals
As a member of the karhatalom (security forces)
Horn is believed to have participated in arrests
Although specific details of his activities remain limited
his role in these units led many to hold him accountable for aiding the crushing of the revolution
Horn was an important apparatchik in MSZMP and played a significant role in the party
especially in the realm of foreign affairs
From 1969 he worked in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
eventually holding various diplomatic posts where he fostered connections among Socialist countries
These activities indirectly contributed to the stabilization and longevity of the Kádár regime
As a public official within the Communist apparatus
Horn was part of the machinery that maintained one-party rule in Hungary through the suppression of political dissent
In recognition of his work in the reprisals following 1956
Horn Gyula was awarded the ‘For Worker-Peasant Power’ Memorial Medal
in 2021 the Budapest City Council under Gergely Karácsony’s administration went on to name a walkway after him in Budapest’s 13th District
When the Budapest Court of Law later deemed this decision unlawful
the city’s leaders did not initiate the necessary renaming process
Fidesz has now lost patience and they have submitted a proposal to the next General Assembly of the Budapest municipality to rename the Gyula Horn Walkway to the more fitting Pesti Srácok Walkway
We are hopeful that at the 30 October general assembly meeting
suppressed in part by the actions of figures like Horn—we can end this shameful situation and honour the memory of the heroes of 1956 with dignity
Heroes stood only on one side of the barricades
This too is a powerful example of the ongoing ‘memory warfare’ and memory politics—one that is intense and seemingly unending
that the wounds left by the bloody 20thcentury history of Central and Eastern Europe will never fully heal
The most shocking aspect of this case is that in the very city that rose in the purest and most beautiful anti-communist fight for freedom
Though our government stands firmly by its anti-communist
there will always be those who champion such Communist figures
and we conservatives are duty-bound to resist them and the murderous ideologies they represent
This is the message the heroes of ’56 pass on to us today
Their memory and dignity are ours to preserve
Sign In
Subscribe Now
Dialogue and debate are integral to a free society and we welcome and encourage you to share your views on the issues of the day. We ask that you be respectful of others and their points of view, refrain from personal attacks and stay on topic. To learn about our commenting policies and how our community-based moderation works, please read our Community Guidelines
Please select what you would like included for printing:
Copy the text below and then paste that into your favorite email application
Gyula Joo (DVM) passed away at home on November 26
Joo grew up in Hungary and survived the difficult ordeals of WW II as a child; he went to veterinary school in Budapest
Hungary and put his studies on hold in 1956 to fight against Soviet oppression during the Hungarian Revolution; he went on to finish veterinary school and began an amazing career as a veterinarian. In 1975 Dr Joo gathered his family together and escaped the Soviet yoke in Hungary and spent nearly a year in a refugee camp in Austria before emigrating to Texas
He went back to school to earn a veterinary license in the United States
moved the family to Colorado where he established a thriving business as a veterinarian treating small and large animals.During this time
established close personal relationships with his clients (two and four legged)
and watched his daughters finish university studies and begin families and careers of their own
He loved to hike and cross-country ski
and just enjoy being in the beauty Colorado
He had an extreme love for all of his pets
Joo is survived by his wife of 60 years; one sister; two daughters; one granddaughter; nieces and nephews; a brother and sister-in-law; and countless friendships he made over the years
He was loved deeply and will be missed by all
In lieu of flowers donations to 4 Paws 4 Life
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply
Service map data © OpenStreetMap contributors
Brassaï (born September 9, 1899, Brassó, Transylvania, Austria-Hungary [now Romania]—died July 8
France) was a Hungarian-born French photographer
known primarily for his dramatic photographs of Paris at night
which caused a stir because of its sometimes scandalous subject matter
Voluptés de Paris (1935; “Pleasures of Paris”)
Many of Brassaï’s postwar pictures continued the themes and techniques of his early work
In these photographs Brassaï preferred static over active subjects
but he imbued even the most inanimate images with a warm sense of human life
The Museum of Modern Art in New York City held a retrospective exhibition of Brassaï’s work in 1968
grandeur nature (Henry Miller: The Paris Years) was published in 1975
and a book of his photographs entitled The Secret Paris of the 30’s in 1976
a collection of his photographic and verbal portraits of well-known artists
We use cookies to personalize content and ads
and to analyze our traffic and improve our service
Gyula Kosice translated from the Spanish by Montana Ray
1924) is one of the more remarkable visionary artists of the previous century and certainly the most exotic Hungarian transplant to take root in Buenos Aires
Kosice was a founder (with Carmelo Arden Quin and Rhod Rothfuss) of the influential Madí group in 1946
which helped to transmit and transform Bauhaus ideas in Latin America
while adding an element of ludic invention and creative freedom
Fascinated by technology and committed to an art of the future
Kosice was among the first artists to use neon in sculpture and early on employed water in unprecedented ways in his work
His iterations of the theoretical Hydrospatial City
place him among a group of visionary thinkers
including the late Paolo Soleri and Buckminster Fuller
Recently Kosice participated in an extended interview with Gabriel Pérez-Barreiro
director of the Colección Patricia Phelps de Cisneros
published in book and ebook form as one of the “Conversations” series from the Fundación
Pérez-Barreiro (as interlocutor and translator)
and me took place in November via telephone in Buenos Aires and New York
Lyle Rexer As I look over your early career
and that of your fellow artists and members of Madí
did a great job of naming movements and publicizing your intentions—bringing out manifestos
arguing with each other—but that the actual output of work was quite slim
Did this come from a belief that works of art involve a lot of theoretical preliminaries
or that writing and discussion are part and parcel of the work
Or was a lot of the early work simply lost
Do you really maintain that all this theorizing was germane to the work produced in Argentina and Uruguay
Another way to put this is: What is the relation between theory and practice
We had drafted some manifestos and we’d already tried to make leaflets
distributing these totally amongst ourselves
We’d go to a café on Corrientes street: Café La Fragata
People traveled from other countries to see us
Our magazines [Arturo (1944) and Arte Madí Universal (1946–54)] sought out international collaborators and created a network of supporters of abstract art
Things were effervescent then; we’d declared that “art is the currency of the absolute,” and from there our ideas started to clash
we’d get into discussions that ended up elucidating many things
I also want to mention Grete Stern—she was the one who brought all the Bauhaus documentation to Argentina
She was a disciple of the master photographer Walter Peterhans
She showed us all the Bauhaus material and was kind enough to translate a series of very valuable Bauhaus books
LR Your descriptions of those days suggest that the manifestos and rather- sparse exhibitions of Madí and other proponents of abstract art were met with general indifference
given that your stance was so public and provocative
Did you have to exhibit in France before you could gain attention at home (the Argentine problem)
to a place called Réalités Nouvelles [an organization that hosted an annual abstract-art salon in Paris]
which held the first international exposition of Madí
All of this is well documented; we were pretty successful there
What we did was destroy the old concept of a painting
the canvas and the frame were a thing of the past
There was no logical reason to continue making art like that
with the frame marking the end of a painting
Gabriel Pérez-Barreiro What was the reception like in Argentina
Other groups had a very negative opinion of our work
the surrealists of that moment were attacking us ferociously
Our work had nothing to do with automatism
GPB So basically there was no interest in the type of activity or art that you were engaged in
LR A related question: how did you actually support yourself
my two brothers had opened a small leather-goods workshop
but that also made it possible for us to buy materials
If a specific material didn’t exist and we needed to import it
LR For most artists of the Río de la Plata
interest in North American art seems to have been virtually nil
you continued to look to Europe for inspiration and dialogue
Many of you in the various nonobjective and concrete art movements seemed to be working out or modifying
ideas and approaches that derived from constructivism
Why did Europe hold so much attraction for you
Did North America eventually appear on your radar screen
Artists from the United States were important
and later there was another abstract artist
there’s absolutely no contact with what’s going on in the United States
This is true of a lot of the artists of that period
that was clearly not the most exciting kind of postwar abstract art in America
It surprises me that there’s never any mention of Pollock or people like Gorky
Maybe this isn’t really a question for Kosice: what was the route by which artists in Latin America came to any conception of what was going on in North America
Lyle finds it interesting that the people you’re mentioning are not the main protagonists of the scene in the United States
It seems that the US was only really interested in Brazil in terms of its Cold War logic
and that it was left to the artists elsewhere to create networks independently of any official efforts
you included a section where international artists could send in images and this created a kind of social network of abstract images through the postal service
It’s interesting today to see which artists wanted to be featured in a Buenos Aires magazine
GK These people contributed to the international component of the magazine
I also remember Hilla Rebay; she was integral to the magazine
She helped to gain acceptance of the work abroad
Hilla Rebay was one of the founders of the Museum of Non-Objective Art
which later became part of the Guggenheim collection
LR Certainly in Argentina the interest was always directed toward Europe
did art from the US have much of an impact
There didn’t seem to be much interest in the abstract art that was made up north
Did you have much contact with artists in Brazil and Venezuela
where nonfigurative art could actually be said to have influenced the social fabric
and many other artists who were there for a conference
They were more focused on concrete art than Madí
there was that artist who played the guitar
And also another Venezuelan I met in Paris whose name I can’t remember
each one followed his own path and his own diction
I well remember the first time I saw one of your pieces in the flesh
but I was a bit intimidated to ring you up out of the blue.) The date on the work with neon Estructura lumínica Madí
E-1 was so early—the late 1940s or early ’50s as I recall—that I was taken aback by its prescience
not one we usually associate with ambitious works of art
is really directed at our other interlocutor
Gabriel has known your work much longer than I have
and I would like to know what it was about his initial experience that was so compelling
GPB I first came across Kosice’s work at his retrospective at the Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes in 1991
I was still an undergraduate and knew next to nothing about Argentine art history
Your use of the term affection is really appropriate
as what I found (and still find) compelling about Kosice’s work is this mix of a rational
formal language and an almost childlike delight in light
I end the book of conversations talking about the school groups that come to Kosice’s studio every Friday morning
It’s an amazing sight to see so many kids completely enthralled by the work
many of whom have never really thought about art before
I am more and more compelled by work that appeals beyond its milieu
that leaps right over the cognoscenti to connect to the great unwashed
that is unafraid to risk judgments like “gauche,” “naive,” and “overstated.” But Maestro
I wanted to pick up a thread that I dropped at the beginning
you wrote poems more than you made art (this reminds me a bit of László Moholy-Nagy
who spread the gospel of the Bauhaus to North America)
You were influenced by the poets Vicente Huidobro
You mentioned that Huidobro visited Buenos Aires
given that they could be classified as surrealists
Vicente Huidobro sent a poem that was published inArturo
we should add that Arturo was the first magazine published by this generation
Kosice was an editor along with Arden Quin
Although it announced itself as a “revista de arte abstracto,” there is relatively little visual art in a predominance of literature
but the following year Kosice published a little booklet called Invención 1
in which his poems and manifestos are accompanied by the first articulated sculptures
and in some way tried to reconcile the need to combine the imagination
with a human being’s ability to poeticize the world through writing
I’ve always tried to reconcile or balance the two elements—the language of the diction and the language of form
and the kinetic—from a need to create works that become a permanence in themselves
GPB So in that sense poets were important for you
the ability to conjure up new worlds through text
there is not much of a difference between working with words and working with artistic or plastic concepts for you
LR This is not absolutely critical and I don’t mean to harp on it
but I’m interested in your relationships with other writers
I interviewed Borges and asked him a question that was a bit provocative
sometimes no.” I didn’t have a tape recorder then; I carried a pen and a little notebook
“Write that I’m agnostic!” (laughter) Just as I was going
was called “A Hydrolyzed Dialogue with Jorge Luis Borges.” He always talked a lot about himself; he reveled in it
about hydrokinetic art and the need one has to make works with a value of synthesis with respect to their general environment
In the ’40s you didn’t have any contact with him
GK His work always interested me very much
Cortázar translated from French to Spanish for UNESCO
He dealt with all of the correspondence.LR Because so much of what you have done has been in language
I wonder whether there are other influences that we haven’t articulated
GK I’ve had many important literary influences
I remember when García Márquez’s book came out One Hundred Years of Solitude for example
And also some other Latin American writers
but even more so the writers who’d emigrated from Europe to Latin America
The Latin American Boom hadn’t happened yet
GPB And who from France might have been an influence
And it’s not that I was influenced by him; besides
I had done something that nobody else had dared to do: the portable Madí dictionary
corresponding to what can be or what can’t be
but always in the terrain of doubt and possibility
as a critic and a curator whose job it is to stand outside work and assess its historical position
if you would talk a bit about the importance of Kosice’s work in the context of post–World War II Latin America
do you think that his work has something to say to contemporary artists
GPB I think Kosice is in many ways the “missing link” in our understanding of the avant-garde in Latin America
His simultaneous adoption and rejection of the precepts of geometric abstraction are
What I mean by that is that he makes work that is ideologically within the tradition of abstraction and constructivism
but he refuses to adopt it as a formal dogma
He maintains that the ideas are more important than the results
and while this has made it difficult for his work to circulate widely—because it doesn’t always have a professional “finish”—it points to fundamental questions in postwar art: Is abstraction a style or a language
Does it contain a predetermined set of meanings or can it be reinterpreted
When Kosice creates a geometric sculpture that can be manipulated by any viewer
he is rejecting any idea of a fixed or stable set of relationships and opening the door to kinetic art and
to a relational aesthetic that will become fundamental to this history in the late 1950s and ’60s
I think of the obvious examples of Lygia Clark and Hélio Oiticica
One of the things that impresses me is that in so many developments of late 20th-century art
I’d like to talk in our final segment about your most visionary project
Perhaps it’s best to call these designs futuristic rather than utopian
were you aware of Buckminster Fuller’s writing and designs
What about Paolo Soleri’s Arcosanti project
Did you truly believe when you began that your conceptions could be built
or is this a case of going into the woods to do something other than hunt the bear
You insist on the scientific or logical character of these designs
few of their elements are functional; they are poetic and spiritual
If not a “machine for living in,” per Corbusier
Is that the most important function of human beings
I’m going to answer these questions slowly
Utopias dissolve with the possibility of being
And where are we going to put all of these people
Combining a great process of creativity with state-of-the-art technology
I speak about “porvenirismo” instead of futurism [“el porvenir” means “the future” in Spanish]
“to come.” The “almost here” is what interests me
The futurist movement experienced a total decline when it started to become influenced by the surrealists
futurism begins to disintegrate a little into factions
I want to end this term to reach the future
For me the most important thing is to be able to imagine a future
in the sense that Leonardo was able to be well ahead of his time with his inventions: flying machines
then it is possible to foretell something that is not possible at a given moment
GPB So you believe in the power of imagination
it’s important to underline the provisional nature of the Hydrospatial City—it’s less a set of maquettes and more a proposal or provocation
The diagrams that you made to accompany the project that indicate areas “to feel like doing something” [“para tener ganas”] or a “rotational anti-tower to capture the imprecise limits of distance” [“anti-torre girable para captar los límites imprecisos de la distancia”]
avoid any possibility of them being taken literally
I love how the whole project avoids the question of architecture completely and makes it a project of invention
the machinations of imagination and invention
I always repeat that “art is the currency of the absolute”—that which is unlike everything else
That which has nothing to do with anything outside of the work itself
A work that speaks for itself is what writers should permanently strive to achieve
Let’s do this: Why don’t we split the honor in two and keep a little piece of it for each one
Descriptive diagram of the Hydrospatial City
The diagram indicates spaces designated for 1) choosing the dream and the emphatic daydreaming of unrealities
2) autosuggestion to attain serenity and mirages
4) space for lost steps and absences that are recycled
7) creating obstacles to define impromptu celestial bodies
8) bridge to make the transition from chance to the administration of chance
10) Argentine platform for friendship and gaucho behavior
11) relegation of meaning and the intelligible response to the omnipresent in everything
12) climax of emotion and its humorous illustration
and 13) intercode with sympathetic access to confidences and flattering forecasts
The Budapest Times
The Budapest city assembly’s naming of the avenue after Horn
a one-time Communist foreign minister who then went on to head the Socialist government from 1994 to 1998
the statement added that “no public area or public institution may bear the name of a person that participated in the founding
development or maintenance of despotic political regimes of the 20th century.”
The Budapest district council should have sought the position of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences after concerns were raised that the naming of the avenue could break the law
After the Budapest local council failed to seek the academy’s position on the matter
despite a warning from the government office
the latter turned to the Budapest-Capital Regional Court in April 2023
You must be logged in to post a comment
PRIVACY POLICY
TERMS OF USE
2007 - 2025 BZT MEDIA Kft.
Design: GoOG
Webdevelopment: diVid
Forgot your password?
You will receive mail with link to set new password
Back to login
Zsuzsa: I had initially HR roles in different state institutions and later became a jewelry trader first through a company in Szeged
Then I went solo and became one of the biggest jewelry wholesalers in the country
but that all changed when I moved to Budapest in 2005 and started a completely different phase of my life
For six or seven years I ran the Hungarian Service Foundation and the Panorama World Club together with László Tanka
while in the latter I organized four so-called World Balls
What motivated me to make the switch was on one side to help Hungarians living around the world in every possible way; on the other
due to complications originating from childhood diabetes
when we didn’t even get to say goodbye…
I was the master of ceremony at the World Balls; I went to every table and greeted everyone warmly
I didn’t take it seriously as I was never motivated in my job to find a husband
Erika reminded me again that Gyula would be coming to Budapest from Vienna soon
the answer was: watch the video of the ball
Since no one had called me by 11am that morning
I called Erika and found out that Gyula would be coming a week later…
Zsuzsa: We finally met a week later and talked for more than two hours
After that Gyula came to Budapest several times
but already at the third meeting there was no question that the chemistry worked between us
we started a joint ideation process that was surprising for both of us and that has continued until this very day
Gyula was involved with the American Hungarian Federation (AHF)
where he had already played a major leadership role
When they celebrated the 100th anniversary of the foundation of the organization in New Brunswick
Gyula asked if I’d attend the event with him
It was then that I got to know the organization
and since then—and in reality even before—we have become inseparable also in our voluntary work
In 2009 we started the American Hungarian Club
which in 2010 became the Americans for Hungarians Foundation
with the aim of improving relations between the two countries
who carries on a very strong family legacy
Only my sister managed to escape to Austria with my parents; my godfather took me after them later
Germany for seven years in total; I finished second grade there
My father worked as an interpreter for the US Army—that’s how we managed to get to the U.S
then studied physics at the University of Notre Dame
and finally an MBA in finance at Columbia University
I worked for over 20 companies; my first real job was at IBM
developing the first computer based time-sharing system
I was offered a job to work for Boeing Aerospace on radar detection for missiles
developing computer reading machines for the blind
I developed the credit scoring systems that are now commonly used
in addition to all sorts of other new consumer financial products
was very much involved in Hungarian American affairs for 40 years
He participated in the founding of the Hungarian House in New York City
He was also actively involved in restarting the elegant Piarist Ball in New York City
my father wanted me to get involved in Hungarian matters—that’s why he sent me to Hungarian scouting and to study with the Piarists in the U.S
I also had to go to all sorts of Hungarian events
although I wasn’t enthusiastic about those
the former scout troop commander in New York
and I was happy to help him organize sports competitions
The Piarist Ball was on hiatus for a long time
Tamás Hilbert asked me to help him restart it—I was the only former Piarist student he knew—and we managed to re-start the ball
Zsuzsa: Gyula’s father was a very committed Hungarian
for the Institute for the Blind in Budapest to be returned to the Church for the nominal ‘sales price’ of one forint
But the reason they had to flee Hungary is the maternal side
which Gyula doesn’t like to talk about…
was a Hungarian who only looked at what was good for the country
he made a deal: he would not allow anti-Jewish laws to be passed in Hungary
and in return he asked for the support of Hungarian Jews
but I was very close to my mother and I understood what she told me about that era; for example
when the persecution of Jews started in Hungary
told one of her classmates: ‘Come to our home to live
who spoke seven languages and had a PhD in Finance
But God has helped us so that at least my children and grandchildren are now living in much better conditions…
Gyula: I have two children from my second wife
and is now teaching at NJIT with research using a supercomputer to study human blood circulation
His PhD thesis beat Harvard and MIT and others in a national competition
which I’m very happy about because it’s a rare occurrence
Dani is a veterinary surgeon and has a VMD from the University of Pennsylvania
one of the best veterinary schools in the world
They are both American and Hungarian citizens
We visited them recently; the children love Zsuzsa
Going back to Gyula’s maternal grandfather
he elevated Hungary’s Italian and German trade relationships in the 1930s–1940s
Gyula says that he is bound by his name also on his mother’s side to serve Hungarian causes
he asked me to take over his Hungarian affairs
because I wasn’t involved in them at all before and I didn’t speak Hungarian that well
So I became the president of the Washington based Hungarian Reformed Federation of America and its Kossuth House from 2005–2008
my job being primarily financial to keep them going
you have a decent job.’ Later I became co-president of the AHF from 2010 until 2024
So it was practically due to your father and then to Zsuzsa that you became involved in Hungarian affairs
Zsuzsa and I have been living both in Hungary and the U.S.
My ancestors’ background is in agriculture
My paternal grandfather created the Hangya (Ant) Cooperatives and ran it for 38 years in Hungary
A good friend and I wanted to help Hungarian agriculture by the robotization of agriculture
There are a lot of very smart Hungarian innovators in America with world-class inventions I know
they are not sufficiently embraced in Hungary…
Zsuzsa: I was dealing with Hungarians all around the world
We wanted to effectively strengthen Hungarian American relations
where his experience and knowledge of America and mine of Hungary combined could create additional value
Elemér Almási Balogh—my husband is actually Gyula Balogh Almási
although we all have the Almási coat of arms on our glasses—was the founder and CEO of the national network of the Hangya (Ant) Cooperatives from 1898 to 1936
Gyula thought he could continue with his grandfather’s work…
Gyula: We first organized a gathering of 500 people in the Senate Chamber of the Hungarian Parliament
He also awarded me the Újhangya (New Ant) flag
It was a very beautiful scene as he handed it over
encouraging me to carry on this noble family tradition
Zsuzsa: We traveled the country for five years
the New Ant Cooperative was established in five cities
the biggest problem was that it was difficult for Hungarians to selflessly unite
We tried to explain to them the American cooperative system
Before Gyula tried to implement the American cooperative approach to agriculture in Hungary
he did some serious research on how it works in America
which are doing well besides the big multinational corporations—that was his idea and his goal
Many Hungarians probably still associate it to the forced cooperatives of the Communist times and those unpleasant memories may lead to resistance…
the forced and compulsory cooperative system during the Communist time must have left such a deep scar on the Hungarian consciousness that the old-new cooperative system that we advocated for couldn’t spread
And the reason for the lack of governmental support is that at that time Auchan
Tesco and other retail chains solidified their presence and control over the agricultural supply chain whereby their products were given priority
completely marginalizing Hungarian farmers
despite having produced fairly and healthily
had often reached the point where it no longer made sense to farm at all
the question keeps lingering: how to restore the cooperative system
Miracles may sometimes happen… But when we tried
the circumstances were not favorable at all
Have you had more success in strengthening US–Hungarian relationships
although we had mixed experiences in that space
We had a lot of business contacts in America and Hungary whom we managed to cooperate with
On 23 November 2009 the opening ceremony of the Hungarian Club of America—the predecessor of the Americans for Hungarians Foundation—was a success
with 250 enthusiastic people attending the event in Budapest
where 15 Hungarian and American organizations were present
The theme of the evening was the message President John F
Kennedy addressed Americans with a few decades ago: ‘Ask not what your country can do for you
but what you can do for your country.’ Later
of which Gyula became co-president of
We organized the 110th and then the 115th AHF anniversaries
which were challenging for me because I didn’t know too many people at first
For the latter we brought world famous singer Attila Dolhai and three virtuosos from Hungary
who received a standing ovation for their show
Gyula: After we realized that the cooperative system wasn’t going to be easy to implement
we switched to building relations between the two countries via innovation
helping Hungarian innovators to create a market in America
probably because of the difference in thinking between the Americans and Hungarians
I felt that the Hungarians were always afraid that their know-how and trade secrets
I helped them to participate at various business events
but for some reason they didn’t manage to do business in America
Hungarian inventors aren’t familiar with the American way of thinking
there is a strong reciprocity and thus generosity
Zsuzsa: They certainly lacked the security
and although we tried to bring them together and support them
We could have used more help from the Hungarian government
but the Ministry of Innovation also changed leaders so quickly that there was no stable background to support our plans
formerly a student at the Gábor Dénes School in Szeged
where he came third in a prestigious innovation competition
when he said he didn’t need our help anymore
we let him go; we had lots of other engagements
Zsuzsa: We also worked for several years on other project ideas
We kept in touch with the then Minister and former Ambassador László Szabó
because my big dream and desire was to build a Big Hungarian Village in America
Any Hungarian who wanted to present any kind of product or service could do so there—bustling with all kinds of Hungarian cultural and gastronomic
business and innovation programs every day of that week
showing that it would cost effectively $1.5M
We also had a plan to create an American village in Hungary
where Hungarian Americans would be happily welcomed by the old country
What else has happened in the past 15 years
The floods and disasters that happened in Hungary in 2010–2013 damaged many homes and farms
endangering the livelihoods of countless people
collected charitable donations to rebuild the affected areas
Recognizing that the most effective use of donations requires projects with a lasting impact
we decided to modify the original plan to also help rebuild community centers and to focus our aid on farmers—which has had a multi-year impact
A Hungarian uncle in Florida donated $200,000
We did individual research to find out who needed what—it was a huge job
cultural and scientific programs in America as well as in Hungary
we organized a three-day program at the Kékessy Mansion in Tiszafüred
Hungary and we supported the Tisza Tavi Family Days in Abádszalók
where families and children from the surrounding villages come to celebrate together for a weekend
We visited the Hungarian English School in Mátészalka
after which we jointly established the Foundation for the Future of Our Children
which aims to support effective teaching methods in the American curriculum
We hosted Hungarian American students visiting Hungary as part of the New Brunswick–Debrecen Sister City Program
we helped plant a thousand trees in a three-day event for Vizsoly
a town rich in historical references and often affected by the flooding of the nearby Hernád River
Gyula: We often visited Karcag for the Mihály Kováts Memorial Day
where we presented scholarships to three students of the Kováts Mihály High School
We also helped to introduce the Listen Drug Prevention Program
directed by Reverend Tamás Csapó from California
with whom we jointly applied to customize the program in Hungary
which has been implemented in several high schools in Óbuda
we distributed 700 hundred Hungarian Bibles in America through Hungarian organizations
providing spiritual comfort to Hungarian families living in the country
Zsuzsa: We are also very proud to have produced a nearly 40-minute documentary in 2021
inspired by the feeling and way of life of dual citizenship
in which we wanted to showcase our patriotism to Hungary and our loyalty to America in a pioneering way
We’ve been careful to present Hungarian American organizations and their leaders
the most famous Hungarian American scientists
One of the important goals of the movie is to raise awareness of what it means to be Hungarian in America
but also their achievements which contributed to the development of their host country
Zsuzsa: The most important thing for us now is to find the treasure chest of our overseas Hungarian heritage and show it to the world
like the Peacock (Fölszállott a páva) or the Virtuosos talent shows in Hungary
There are huge Hungarian cultural and economic assets in America
A talent contest would seek out overseas Hungarian (or of Hungarian origin) talents in the arts
Why not show off to the world our priceless overseas assets
which would enhance our home country’s prestigious reputation in a worthy way
we are aware that this plan can only be realized through a joint effort
as it would require a serious selection process
We would also like to get help from Hungary to join forces
If the Hungarian government were to take it on board
we’d do it with all our strength and enthusiasm
we’ll still be here to help where and how we can
but we are happy to be partners in everything; nevertheless
we are no longer planning activities of the magnitude mentioned
We (would have) nominally handed over our volunteer work to others with a beautiful carved stick
but somehow it always turned out that it was up to us…
the biggest question is how to move forward
The Hungarian scouts are also doing beautifully; they are perhaps the only organization that’s surviving worldwide; while at the others
it’s becoming increasingly difficult to find new leadership
Part of the problem is that older people find it difficult to hand over leadership
Another part is that young people think very differently from us
Zsuzsa: Gyula has always had the primary idea that it’s important to deal not only with organizations
but with the nearly one and a half million Hungarians (or those of Hungarian origin) in America
If there is just one Hungarian among us who enhances Hungary’s image and represents Hungarian values
but at the moment we cannot estimate how many Hungarians are not members of any organizations—and therefore how much value is hidden in our Hungarian treasure chest
but has Hungarian blood in his veins and in his soul
knowledge and innovation are to be found are also part of our invaluable shared values
all our work will not have been in vain and our heart’s desire will be fulfilled
This is an abridged version of the original interview first published on 777.hu
I met Gyula at the American Hungarian School’s Congress (AMIT) last year
He arrived late and accepted the award recognizing his 20 years of service as school principal with a sad smile
I was shocked to learn that he was returning from his wife’s funeral
Next year when we sat down for this interview
it was the first anniversary of her passing away
I was convinced that Gyula would talk mostly about his family
and then the history of the Hungarian school
that we almost ran out of time to cover his family— which gave him the main inspiration to fight for his Hungarian heritage
Gyula János Varga was fighting in the war against the Soviets as a military officer
When the Soviets advanced towards the end of the war
Gyula’s father fled with his unit but was tricked into an ambush and ended up in a Soviet prisoner-of-war concentration camp
the rest of the family fled Budapest amidst the bombings
Their plan was to join their father and flee to the West together
but when they found out that he was in captivity
Gyula’s father was hit by typhus but returned from captivity in 1947
‘My father was a diligent and intelligent man who spoke six languages
He couldn’t get a job upon his return from captivity
but he passed the watchmaker’s assistant exam and was able to find work afterwards
he also passed the accountant’s exam and could work as such
Many retired military officers lived in the area
and Gyula’s parents were married and he was baptized in the nearby Krisztinaváros church
Klára Bakai worked at the economic department of the 12th district’s head office (known today as the municipality)
‘My first school was the Márvány Street primary school; I will never forget my first teacher
our family was deported by the communist authorities due to my grandfather’s military background and connections
and because none of them were party members
They had to evacuate their home with a 48 hours’ notice.’ Together with their maternal grandparents
where they spent more than two and a half years
until the so-called ‘amnesty regulations’ of 1953
The seven-member family was crammed into a single room
while another family of four was forced to move into the other room
The communists penalized the house owner’s family
so they took care of the kids while his mother worked as a bricklayer’s helper at a construction site until she was 7 months pregnant
His father was initially forced to perform military penal labor
but later ended up in an office doing accounting
his father received a letter one day from the government announcing that as a sign of their ‘respect’
which he ‘sadly’ rejected considering his penal labor duties…
but were banned from returning to Budapest
The grandparents went to live with their eldest daughter
but because they weren’t allowed to live within the city
they rented a sublet room in Budaörs (a suburban village adjacent to Budapest) that could only accommodate two
Since their landlord suffered from lung disease
they preferred not to have their children around
Gyula’s sister went to live with her uncle
the boys lived with their grandmother in a tiny room for a while
and then ended up in an orphanage in the countryside
were dissolved and banned to operate at the end of the 1940s by the communist authorities)
‘Despite the way the communists treated these sisters…they still cared for and educated children
The sisters had a plot of land on a small island of the Danube
and while they would go over to cultivate it
We would drive the goats of the orphanage out to graze
We played a lot with wooden swords around a castle ruin nearby
or we stole fresh sweet corn and roasted it over the campfire
but when the sisters saw me read pulp fiction
they gave me Christian books instead,’ he laughed
The sisters often didn’t even know what to give the children for dinner
They prayed for long hours in the evenings just to kill time
‘Despite the way the communists treated these sisters (and all other religious people)
they still cared for and educated children
They were real heroines,’ Gyula stated emotionally
they could reunite with the rest of their family
his parents moved into a dilapidated wine cellar
They had to walk half a kilometer to a public well for water
Firewood wasn’t available for sale and the parents couldn’t stand in line for brown coal during the day
so they could only bring home some black coal from their work in their briefcases
Gyula attended the boys’ school in Budaörs
several of whom always wanted to beat him up
Gyula loved learning and can still recall his favorite teachers by name
‘In the summers we wandered around the hills and hung out by the foundations of an old destroyed church
The wine cellar where we lived is gone—luxury homes were built around there.’
The family moved back to Budapest in early 1956 and lived with relatives close to their former home
Gyula returned for his 8th grade to the Márvány Street primary school shortly before the revolution broke out
His father participated in the demonstrations
The children weren’t allowed to leave their home
but Gyula stood in line several times for bread
and often saw Russian armored vehicles drive past pointing guns at them
Barricades were also built at the train station nearby and there were heavy gunfights for days damaging multiple buildings in the neighborhood
Gyula’s parents decided to flee at the end of November
when the Soviet troops oppressed the freedom fight
They knew that his mother would be subject to retaliation
because at her workplace she provided access to freedom fighters to a secret list of previously deported families
The family travelled by train to the town of Csorna
but a civilian stopped them on their way claiming that the Russians had already sealed the border
The next day they took a train to another border village where his father saw a priest waiting at the platform
so Gyula’s father asked him if it was still possible to sneak through the border
‘It was very cold and it was difficult to stumble across the deep plowing
Border guards were patrolling ahead of us on the service road
so we had to run through the area in small groups
Even though its electricity was turned off
it wasn’t easy to grope through in the dark
Every time the border patrol fired rocket flairs
everybody lay down to the ground and waited motionless for a while.’ Two villages became visible in the distance
one with white lighting and another with dim yellow; they chose the former
When they were certain that they were on the Austrian side
their group sang the Hungarian national anthem before it dissolved
The owners were Hungarians.’ (The easternmost province of Austria
Burgenland was part of the Kingdom of Hungary until the Treaty of Trianon in 1920 and had some Hungarian population)
gave us shelter and placed us kids into their own beds
that’s how kind these people were,’ he recalled emotionally
The Red Cross registered them and a local family from a nearby village took them in temporarily
in a large room of their inn and restaurant
applied for a job at a West German phone company and was offered a planning engineer’s position
where a friend of his father’s offered to sponsor them
they chose the latter option; they felt that Germany was just too close to the Soviet Union
Gyula remembers that they had to stop mid-way in Iceland to refuel—and that’s where he had his first Coca Cola
They were processed at the Camp Kilmer Military Base
‘Our sponsor picked us up on the following day
given that I had never travelled by car before
Phoenixville was an old steel town in Pennsylvania
where the row-houses were all from the early 1900s; it looked like a movie scene
Our sponsor gave us his attic space to live in temporarily
but we started our own rental two weeks later
because my father quickly got a job.’ He translated German blueprints in the steel works and later passed the bookkeeping exam and worked with inventory
During the 1973 economic crisis he lost his job; he then re-started his business as a watchmaker and continued that along with bookkeeping until his death
Gyula’s mother never learned English well and was only hired for odd jobs
he even won prizes with his paintings and sculptures
but by the time the unexpected regime change took place in Hungary
their kids had grown up and had their own jobs and families—there was no way back.’
Gyula attended high school in Pennsylvania and graduated from Drexel University as a chemical engineer
he started to work at a Hungarian-owned engineering firm in New Jersey
When he moved to New Brunswick for the job
he got involved with the local Hungarian scout troop
he was strongly influenced by the local Hungarian scout leaders in Pennsylvania
‘Kati and Laci Pigniczky were able to recruit anyone
I became the assistant scoutmaster there without leadership training
the local scoutmaster—who became my best friend—sent me to the Scoutmaster training camp
where I learned from the best: Chief Scoutmaster Gábor Bodnár
founder of the Association of Hungarian Scouts in Exteris (KMCSSZ)
New York Scoutmaster Viktor Fischer and St Ladislaus Church Pastor Vazul Végvári
with whom I forged life-long friendships.’
In 1973 Gyula became the assistant Scoutmaster of the New Brunswick Troop
In 1978 he was asked to start managing the local Hungarian school and kindergarten—and he took the call because of the oath made in the scout training camp to do all he can in the interests of Hungarian youth and the preservation of Hungarian heritage
The local Hungarian school and scouting were mostly built on the solid foundations laid by these daycare services over the past 50 years
When at the local scout leaders’ request Gyula took over the school as principal
his and the supporting organizations’ intention was to have a Hungarian Saturday School with no political affiliation based on Christian faith and on the spirit of scouting—learning the Hungarian heritage through experience and games
Gyula completely rearranged the school’s infrastructure
The affiliation to the churches waned over time
but the cooperation with the Hungarian scouts continued throughout
they had to collect and design their own teaching materials
because they didn’t want to use the Soviet communist style educational books and materials that were published in Hungary at that time
it was easier to obtain textbooks and other materials from Hungary
the initial staff of enthusiastic volunteers became exhausted
The school yearbooks attest that attendance has also fluctuated between 40 and 100
correlating with the political situation in Hungary
the number of new Hungarian immigrants in the area
and the willingness of local families to preserve their children’s Hungarian identity.
Gyula’s 20-year tenure as principal was followed by the younger generation
who built a parental organization that helped draw families into the school’s life
Second and third generation Hungarian youth also started to get engaged with several former students becoming teachers
‘More and more former students took advantage of their language skills to go to college and accept employment in Hungary…However
we continue seeing a need for nurturing our Hungarian heritage
and keep strengthening our relationship with our mother country,’ states an excerpt from the 2003 School Yearbook
Gyula commented: this implied a continuous sacrifice and dedication
Without a good command of the Hungarian language
there will be no one to hand the baton over when the first generation is gone
as did all the others who worked in the Hungarian community along all these decades’
‘The melting pot mentality can only be avoided by working together and supporting the community
This is why teaching the language and culture to our youth should always be our common goal
instead of leaving it on the shoulders of a few dedicated parents
and scout leaders that are overburdened and overworked
pastors and youth leaders—their common strength is needed to guarantee children’s Hungarian heritage.’
as did all the others who worked in the Hungarian community along all these decades
at the age 14 I was already thinking to myself
I’m Hungarian: this is why I became a Hungarian scout
and this is why I told the audience at both award ceremonies where I was honored: ‘‘I don’t deserve this
I only did my duty.’’ I accepted the awards though
because I hope acceptance serves as an example
Please continue what we started because we don’t want to lose it
My scout oath is for life: as long as I live
I’m a scout leader and I’ll serve my Hungarian heritage until my last breath
but my children and grandchildren keep me going,’ concluded Gyula.
Gyula’s wife Magdi was born in 1947 in Hungary and fled the country with her family after 1956
Gyula met her shortly after arriving in New Brunswick
after his four-month military training—during which he wrote a ten-page letter to her—he proposed to her
and Laci Hajdú-Nemeth Sr.—Magdi’s first cousin and Gyula’s good friend—helped them with the preparations
The ‘first real Hungarian wedding celebration’ was held at St
Gyula smiled: ‘Magdi was known and loved by everyone
She was the family’s irreplaceable centerpiece
I can thank her for my strengthened faith as well.’
Magdi was also Scoutmaster and a girl scout troop leader for years
there was no question that their four children—Gyuszi
Imre and Ildikó—attend Hungarian school and scouting
Gyuszi works as an IT manager and volunteers as a scout parent
Chilla was also a Scoutmaster and girl scout troop leader and keeps volunteering
They live nearby with their two children: the 16-year-old Livia is a patrol leader and folk dancer; while the 14-year-old Adam is also a scout and a folk dancer
During the Covid pandemic the family lived in Budapest
Hungary for a year with the children attending school
which improved their Hungarian language skills and attachment to Hungary
Both Laci and Imre were Scoutmasters and boy scout troop leaders for several years
Laci lives in Princeton and isn’t an active scout now
while Imre is a marketing researcher and is very active at the leadership of KCSMSZ
Gyula’s and Magdi’s only daughter Ildikó spent more than eight years in Hungary after graduation
works at a French company and lives with her husband and two little girls—two-and-a-half-year-old Cilike and six-month-old Evelin—in the family home next door to Gyula
The combination of these four elements is the only way the Hungarian diaspora can survive in North America
Despite the lack of a perceivable enemy today
He was the Parish Council President at both occasions when the community had to struggle for keeping their Hungarian priest and the church doors open
the Hungarian branch of the Franciscan order scaled back its missionary presence in the U.S.
offering priests the opportunity to return to Hungary or to stay and be absorbed by the local dioceses
Father Máté Kiss chose to stay and serve in New Brunswick
but after some time his bishop decided to reassign him elsewhere
Ladislaus parish would have been left without a Hungarian priest
but his spoken Hungarian language skills had waned over the decades he served in English speaking parishes
He could keep the mass in Hungarian but said his homilies in English
The most recent occasion to defend the church occurred when approximately 10 years ago parishes were consolidated across the U.S.
which negatively impacted several Hungarian parishes
‘Laci Hajdú-Németh and I went to the bishop’s deanery meetings and spoke up
but they didn’t appreciate us being there at all
first to the papal congregation and then to the papal higher legal court but they also dismissed our appeals
These procedures caused me great disillusionment and cost us a lot of time
The combination of these four elements is the only way the Hungarian diaspora can survive in North America’
raised his kids in a Catholic spirit and within the church community
especially when he had to pass it onto his kids and realized it was fading from scouting and school life as less and less parents were taking their children to church
and I was about to say good-bye when Gyula’s eyes suddenly got teary
‘My faith has deepened since the death of my wife
Her life completely mirrors her last day: at 8 am someone called her for help to get their medication order sorted out
She placed a few calls and fixed it in 45 minutes
because we were expecting guests in the afternoon
She came back with a pretty hairdo and even had her car washed and vacuumed with which she went grocery shopping for dinner
she immediately started cooking the family’s favorite chicken soup
the soup is done!’’ A few minutes later I heard a loud crash from the kitchen
It hit her like a bolt of lightning… We both had health issues and were under physician’s care
she was only 75 and very active… There are so many things I wanted to share with her… It wasn’t long ago that we moved into the newly refurbished house … She didn’t get to see her youngest grandchild or be at Imre’s wedding… It’s very difficult
because even though this is a great tragedy and devastating loss
God was merciful to her: she was taken by the angels this quickly
I couldn’t have asked for more on her behalf.’
This article was first published in Hungarian on the website of our sister publication Magyar Krónika
Tibor Kapu and Gyula Cserényi, the Hungarian to Orbit (Hunor) astronaut programme participants, gave an interview to public Kossuth Radio from the NASA Johnson Space Centre in Houston
The astronaut candidates reported on their training in the United States
Tibor Kapu and Gyula Cserényi are preparing at the NASA Johnson Space Centre for the Ax-4 mission
which is scheduled to launch in the spring of 2024 from Florida aboard the SpaceX Falcon-9 launch vehicle
During the mission Kapu (or should he be incapacitated
Cserényi) will travel to the International Space Station aboard the Dragon spacecraft
The two Hungarian candidates gave an interview from Houston
sharing the challenges they encounter during their training
The candidates’ training began in August in Houston
and SpaceX are jointly preparing them for space travel
While NASA provides the foundations for adapting to life on the space station
SpaceX is responsible for the technical training related to the launch
and Axiom takes care of other mission details
the pre-training in Hungary provided a solid basis for the training in Houston
Tibor Kapu remarked that even seemingly simple tasks
they need to request permission from ground control
as crumbs or other tiny particles in a zero-gravity environment can pose a threat
clogging filters or even getting into their eyes
any crumbs that do appear must be vacuumed up immediately
He added that on the space station basic conditions that are taken for granted on Earth must be artificially created
such as ensuring proper air circulation to dissipate body heat and channel exhaled air to the filtration system
Daily activities on the space station are much more complex than on Earth
as the absence of gravity introduces numerous new challenges
‘On the space station basic conditions that are taken for granted on Earth must be artificially created’
Gyula Cserényi also discussed how NASA’s training prepares astronauts for everyday tasks like food preparation
they receive detailed instructions that can include up to 35 steps to ensure they perform them safely in zero gravity
Tibor Kapu revealed that astronauts can choose from a menu of 200 items
and that they have already had to try 70 different meals
He emphasized that the food consumed on the space station must be healthy and provide the necessary nutrients
as salt can contribute to bone density loss
The astronauts also discussed the capsule they will travel in
They shared that upon entering the life-sized model of the capsule
they wondered how they would remove their spacesuits in the confined space
as donning and doffing the suit is a lengthy process
Tibor Kapu added that there will be four of them in the capsule
and they will be in zero gravity when they need to take off their suits
He explained that the time spent in the capsule can vary
and the duration from launch to docking can be long
with up to 48 hours potentially spent in the capsule
He pointed out that the riskiest parts of space travel are the launch
the most dangerous moments occur within the first eight minutes
the Ax-4 mission will include American commander Peggy Whitson
and Polish mission specialist Slawosz Uznanski
Tibor Kapu highly valued Whitson’s experience
and she has spent a total of 675 days in space so far
one of the most distinguished and influential Hungarian historians of the 20th century
He was brought up in a Catholic middle-class family in rural Székesfehérvár
graduated from the local Cistercian grammar school and then from the University of Budapest
he was also admitted to the Eötvös József Collegium
one of the most prominent educational institutions of contemporary Hungary
who is regularly cited as a prominent figure of Hungarian conservative thought
is a fine example of a middle-class Hungarian intellectual who was shaken by the troubles and storms of the past century
Horváth and Tormay’s books have not had nearly as great an impact on intellectual history as Szekfű’s Three Generations
a denunciation of the intellectuals of dualist Hungary
an indictment of the country’s ruin by the liberal classes
Szekfű’s writing to be an antithesis of the ‘Jewish-Calvinist’ ‘merchant spirit’.[4]
in which he denounced the relationship between Jewry and capitalism
in which he also called for extensive worker protection and the regulation of industrialists by law
bears a striking resemblance to the basic tenets of socialism
his work was therefore not only a model of Christian thought
From the late twenties to the end of the thirties
he was editor of a major conservative journal
he was openly critical of the policies of the Third Reich
He even penned an article for the Christmas 1941 issue of the social-democratic Népszava and testified for Communists in some trials
He was forced to go into hiding during the German occupation because of his wife’s Jewish ancestry
Szekfű turned against the interwar system and harshly denounced the rule of Horthy
He even served as Hungary’s ambassador to Moscow from 1945 to 1948—
he argued that in that particular situation there was simply no real possibility of a break from Soviet interests in the Central European region
he returned to his roots: from budding socialist to conservative star historian
[1] Iván Zoltán Dénes
[2] Iván Zoltán Dénes
[3] Krisztina Kollarits
[4] Dénes: Realitás illúziója
[5] Gyula Szekfű
[6] Dénes
[7] Dénes
[8] The Archives of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences
Interview with artist Gyula Havancsák | By Michael Pementel
Gyula Havancsák is a graphic artist from Túrkeve
who is responsible for numerous horror-themed works
His ghoulish creatures and chilling imagery have appeared on many album and book covers
Havancsák’s love for horror began at a young age thanks to his passion for cinema—and a little help from his grandmother
“I often visited the cinema in my hometown
I watched several age-[restricted] horror movies
[such] as ‘Frankenstein,’ ‘Aliens,’ ‘Dracula,’ and others.”
the seed had been planted for Havancsák to explore the arts
I dreamed that I [would] be a mask designer for horror movies
but the pencil and the paper were my favorite tools,” he says
“I think my way [of finding my craft] wasn’t anything special; I just made thousands of drawings
and my window was wide open for the inspiration from pop culture or traditional arts.”
When asked who his five favorite horror artists are
because he made the brilliant ‘The Thing’ movie
Havancsák’s work was facilitated by his school teachers when they took note of his talent
he has used his craft to help him in different facets of his life
I drew huge graphite drawings onto the surface of the desk or into my books,” he recalls
she always gave me homework to illustrate poems or draw poet portraits—this is almost [the] same as what I do now
I finished cartoon drawing school and a computer graphics course and
I spent 12 years as a game developer [drawing] textures and matte paintings
I continued the work on CD and book covers.”
Havancsák’s artwork has appeared on the album covers of bands such as Annihilator
and he has created book covers for the works of Edgar Allan Poe and Anne Rice
there’s a genuine enjoyment in creating horror imagery: it is a means of expressing himself while also having fun
and I try to keep the demons [inside] me,” he shares
“I enjoy the work on a horroristic death metal cover much better than a nice fantasy image
You must be logged in to post a comment
Issue 73 featuring Pinhead Gunpowder is available now
This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website
Learn more
Úgy tűnik nem található semmi ezen a helyen
IMPRESSZUM
SZERZŐI JOGOK
ADATVÉDELEM
FELHASZNÁLÁSI FELTÉTELEK
Tellér played a significant role in shaping modern Hungarian conservatism
Fekete notes that the death of Tellér was a ‘watershed’ moment in the history of Hungarian political thinking
since his career and life spanned from the interwar period to the present day
Fekete also gives a briefs account of the life of Tellér from his studies until the later years
when he was working on advancing the idea of a ‘civic Hungary’ in the political arena
The piece outlines some important aspects in this long life
that Tellér achieved his status as a renowned political thinker despite of not being admitted to university in the 1950s for political reasons
apart from his important political and academic activities
inseparable from the tempestuous decades of Hungary
as it was the historical perspectives and experiences he acquired during his long life that made him into who he was
Fekete also describes his personal relationship with Tellér
which was both a friendship and a teacher–student relationship
He recalls how he and Tellér had long philosophical discussions in their favourite pub
The author draws a parallel between the influence Tellér had on him and on Hungarian thinking in general
calling this phenomenon the ‘Tellér-impact’
Fekere also notes that while Tellér is either demonized or idolized in Hungary
there are very few who had a glimpse of his human side
Fekete details how Tellér helped him during his midlife crisis
and to contribute to the conservative intellectual scene Tellér had a major role in creating
The obituary also summarizes the theoretical legacy of Tellér
and critical thinking were the core values
and who takes responsibility for his own actions
The author argues that Tellér identified the commercialization of every aspect of life and totalitarian thinking as the main threats to human beings
also fast to recognize these threats at an era
when digitalization and wokeism were only nascent
Tellér offered culture as a cure to these dangers
it was rather the total sum of knowledge and values
which could be used to make our humanity more perfect
another core value of Tellér was the nation
to which he subordinated the other principles
an active and lived experience of solidarity
He argued that this solidarity must be re-created by each generation in order to make life liveable for all
the nation must be defended from deconstructionist forces that attack not only the nation itself
Tellér also considered education very important
it was a tool of recreating the nation itself
a nation can actively build the unity and solidarity between various generations
was not parochial: he did have a horizon stretching beyond Hungary
Tellér in fact wanted to education to make it possible to gain universal human knowledge in a Hungarian framework
critical thinking was also a core element of Tellér’s set of values
Tellér examined things from a critical point of view
and was keen on drawing parallels and finding the connection between seemingly distant things
Fekete cites Tellér’s creation of the ‘system of the regime-change’ as an example: he identified the underlying forces and ideas which brought about the regime change around 1989
Fekete concludes that the void left by Tellér will be impossible to fill
and the feeling of grief will stay with those who knew him and his work
But Fekete does not end his article on such a pessimistic note
he encourages readers to get acquainted with Tellér’s legacy
or just his ideas may be a valuable resource in overcoming challenges
The essence of his legacy is something that all can continue to build: a civic Hungary
Join us at the Akustika Fair at the Nuremberg Exhibition Centre from April 4-6
Meet The Strad team at stand F08 and pick up a free copy of the magazine
The Strad Directory
Jobs
Hungarian violinist Gyula Stuller held the post of solo first violin at the Orchestre de Chambre de Lausanne since 1990
Read more news articles here
Hungarian violinist Gyula Stuller will leave the Orchestre de Chambre de Lausanne (OCL) after 32 years as its solo first violin
He will continue in his role as head of strings at the Haute Ecole de Musique (HEMu) in Lausanne
He teaches at the school’s three campuses across Switzerland
He has also held professor positions in Switzerland at the Fribourg Conservatory in Fribourg
and Tibor Varga Conservatory in Sion.
Stuller began his studies at six years old with Dr Ilona Hencz
He later studied at the Franz Liszt Academy with Ferenc Halász and the Guildhall School of Music and Drama in London with György Pauk
Stuller won a host of international competitions
including the 1979 Joseph Szigeti International Violin competition and 1986 International Tibor Varga Violin competition
after which we stayed in Sion as Tibor Varga’s assistant and became concertmaster of the Detmold Chamber Orchestra
Stuller also studied with violinists such as Nathan Milstein and Sàndor Végh
Stuller has also been a jury member of several international competitions
most recently at the Il Piccolo Violino Magico competition. He was also artistic direcor of the Academie Musicale de Morges in Switzerland between 2007 and 2014
in particular the International Summer Academy in Biel
’We thank him for all these wonderful years and wish him well in his future endeavours
in particular in his role as professor of violin at the HEMu.’
Read: Renaud Capuçon named artistic director of Orchestre de Chambre de Lausanne in Switzerland
Listen: The Strad Podcast Episode #48: Noah Bendix-Balgley on performing under pressure as a concertmaster
The violinist is one of two new co-leader appointments created in a front desk reshuffle
teacher and scholar had conducted extensive research on Paganini and violin intonation
Violinists Helen Kim and Emerson Millar have been appointed associate and second assistant concertmaster respectively
The violinist has been appointed artistic director of Clarion Concerts
which provides chamber music concerts and experiences in New York’s Hudson Valley
The Astatine Trio and Novo Quartet join the scheme from 2025–2027
Ten ensembles will compete for the chance to win the top prize package
at this year’s competition from 25 to 31 August
Site powered by Webvision Cloud
but he was an important Hungarian writer and literary historian
whose most notable works were written in the realm of the history of ideas and literary criticism
he should not be confused with the right wing PM of the early thirties
he described his simple childhood in Temesvár (today: Timisoara
in a somewhat impressionistic way: he wrote of his father’s moustache
the pig slaughters and the games with the Jewish children next door
He also described the end of the First World War
his father was not only taciturn but also bad-tempered
Gombos graduated from the Calvinist School in Lónyay Street and then took up a teaching post
He wrote his first review of a sociography by Gyula Illyés
and then published theatre and film reviews
Later he worked as assistant editor of the Hungarian paper Magyar Élet (Hungarian Life)
which was not uncommon at the time: it published both anti-Semitic and anti-German articles
from the pens of the simple sons of the Hungarian people—it was giving precedence to this source of intellectual achievements that made the paper ‘populist’
In August 1943, Gombos spoke at the so-called Szárszó Conference
where he argued for the Hungarian ‘third way’
calling for a system that was neither capitalist
only 30 years old—another indication of his decisive character
In this speech he also gave an accurate picture of the negative aspects of interwar Hungary
criticising it not from the left but from the ‘populist’ side
He gave an important and insightful overview of the collapse of historic Hungary
social tensions and the limitations of Hungarian foreign policy
One of his important and still valid criticisms was that intellectuals
writers and leading politicians all speak a different language
and one of the main problems is that they do not talk to each other and do not ‘promise’ each other anything
Although Gombos was an anti-German activist during the Second World War
when he emigrated with his family first to Switzerland and then to the United States
he wrote a book about the suffering of Protestants under communism and about various Hungarian writers
he was not blind to the state of the society around him
noticing with a sharp eye both the positives and the negatives
he for instance wrote an interesting essay on social mobility in the US
As well as appreciating that hard-working and clever people coming from humble backgrounds can get ahead in America
he also noted that the main ways of breaking into the top elite were by birthright
invitation or family connections and friends
This critique of his would place him more in line with the contemporary left
although it has to be noted that his attitude was characteristically that of the Hungarian ‘populist’ right: combining economic progressivism with a national and Christian identity
He was one of the youngest ‘populist’ writers
he lived to see the fall of the Communist dictatorship
he returned home and published mainly on Dezső Szabó and László Németh
and his work is still undeservedly understudied
As one of his admirers quite aptly wrote of him: ‘His place in the hierarchy of “populist” thinkers and writers is not in the second
in the company of those whose intellectual and creative achievements can be considered particularly valuable and significant.’
This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks
The action you just performed triggered the security solution
There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase
You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked
Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page
The homeless death of Gyula Remes 1975-2018: The demise of the ‘gentle giant’ on the streets of Westminster is a chilling illustration of the hostile environment’s impact on EU citizens
When Gyula Remes died on 19 December 2018
across the road from the Houses of Parliament
He had been sleeping in a passage in Westminster tube station that led into Parliament square
It was the second homeless death in the same underpass in 10 months
The Labour MP David Lammy tweeted: “There is something rotten in Westminster when MPs walk past dying homeless people on the way into work.”
Remes’ death was discussed in the House of Commons
The Liberal Democrat MP and former health minister Norman Lamb said: “It is grotesque and obscene that we have a homelessness crisis visible just outside the building.” The next day James Brokenshire
told parliament: “Every death of someone sleeping rough on our streets is one too many
We have a moral duty to act.” Brokenshire said the government was already acting
with an investment of £1.2bn to reduce and prevent homelessness
and its commitment to halve rough sleeping by 2022 and end it by 2027
A sum of £5,000 was raised in just two days
Bouquets were bought and impromptu wreaths laid outside Westminster tube
featured five bouquets in disposable cups alongside a burning memorial candle
Between the flowers stood a regiment of Stella Artois cans – Remes’ favourite brand of lager
The death of Gyula (pronounced Jeweller) really did feel like a pivotal point
Show726 homeless people died in England and Wales in 2018, according to the latest ONS figures. Over the next few months, G2 and Guardian Cities will look behind this statistic to tell the stories of some of those who have died on Britain’s streets
We will tell not just the story of their death
but the story of their life – what they were like as kids
We will also examine what went wrong with their lives
and if anything could have been done differently to prevent their deaths.
charities and homelessness organisations to respond to the issues raised
We will also ask readers to offer their own stories and reflections on homelessness
We want the stories we tell to become the fulcrum of a debate about homelessness; to make a difference to a scourge that shames us all.
Thank you for your feedback.There was widespread horror that people were dying on the streets of one of the wealthiest boroughs of one of the wealthiest cities in the world
the homelessness charity Shelter revealed that 320,000 people in Britain were homeless – a 4% year-on-year rise
Westminster had more rough sleepers than any borough in the country – 217
data was published by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) showing that almost 600 homeless people had died in England and Wales in 2017 – a 24% increase over five years
Remes’ friend Gabor Kasza talked to the Guardian on the day he died
He said Remes had been given a cigarette by somebody he didn’t know
Kasza was convinced it was the synthetic cannabinoid spice
Kasza in his early 20s with perfect English; Remes looking older than his 43 years and struggling to make himself understood with his broken English
Kasza came to Britain as a nine-year-old with his mother
went to school in London and lived in Tottenham
Kasza did not drink or take drugs; Remes loved his booze
What they had in common was that they were both from Pécs
They met at a day centre for homeless people
returned to their spot by Westminster in the afternoon
a good house and a big family.” He ended up with none of those
where he thought it would be easier to find work
trying to scrape together enough money to get a roof over his head
He doesn’t know all the details of Remes’ life – he says homeless people often keep their past
Kasza believes Remes initially worked as a kitchen porter in London in the mid-00s
but after losing his job he found himself sleeping rough
although there was little opportunity for him to do either on the streets of London
Remes gave up on London and travelled through Europe looking for work
and then suddenly reappeared in Westminster towards the end of last year
Kasza has been homeless, off and on, for the past four years. There have been times when he has been working for the minimum wage and still not been able to afford accommodation. Last year, he lost his job in a warehouse and found himself back on the streets. He and Remes soon became brothers in arms. “He was a very good friend. He’d always help you out if you were in trouble. He’d give you food or money if he had any. He was funny. He made a lot of jokes. He made people happy.”
The main thing that kept Remes going was his desire to find a job. He was a proud man, and, unlike Kasza, refused to ask strangers for money. “He would never beg,” says Kasza. “It was work or nothing. He loved working, but it is also hard to find a job if you don’t have any accommodation.” A classic catch-22 – no work, no home; no home, no work.
Occasionally, politicians gave him money. “Ed Miliband spoke to me and gave me his email when he was leader of the Labour party. He gave me £5 and asked me why I was homeless. I said: ‘I’ve been here in the UK a long time – they should give me a house.’ He said he would try to help me.” Did he see him again? “No, that was the last time I saw him.” Miliband was one of the few who did stop. “Most of them don’t know whether we are dead or alive.”
Remes hated the discomfort and indignity of being homeless. “It’s not very nice,” Kasza says. “You sleep on the floor, and it’s dirty. You get drunk people coming out of clubs or going in, making noise. Gyula was a bit scared being on the street. He always wanted to get off. That’s why he was so determined to get a job.”
Read moreKasza says they got little support from outreach workers
“They just say there is no room in the shelters or you cannot stay in them because you do not qualify for benefits.”
Another problem is that trust appears to have broken down between homeless people and outreach workers
big homelessness charities bid for contracts from local government
Those that win them are often thought to be beholden to their paymasters
the Home Office decided that people sleeping rough in Britain were abusing EEA free-movement rights
it was revealed that big homelessness charities
had been passing information about rough sleepers to the Home Office
leading to their removal from the UK – 127 non-UK-national rough sleepers were deported in a two-month pilot operation in Westminster
the high court ruled that the Home Office policy to deport rough sleepers from countries in the EEA
by that point homeless people from the EEA
“I have a few friends who were sleeping rough somewhere near us in Westminster
and they got taken away for sleeping there and held in a detention centre,” Kasza says
and the atmosphere among the Westminster rough-sleeping community was festive
“A lot of people from my country were sleeping down there
Everybody was drinking and happy,” Kasza says
He thinks it was about 10pm that he went upstairs to his spot by Caffè Nero
he went back down to the underpass to say good night and make sure everybody was OK
His friends said he had been fine until he smoked a bit of a cigarette he had been handed by a young homeless man
There is no way Remes would have touched it if he had known it had been laced with spice
Kasza says – he didn’t even smoke regular cannabis
One of the other guys called the ambulance
‘He made people happy,’ says Gabor Kasza of his friend Gyula
“It has made me more sad about people not counting and people not caring
We thought things might change after Gyula’s death
but nothing has changed.” His move to Birmingham has not worked out
He thinks it is even harder for him because there are so few homeless charities in Birmingham to help him
It all seems so far away from his childhood when he sailed through his GCSEs
did a diploma in animal care and dreamed of becoming a farmer
his mother moved to Amsterdam to live with her partner
and he has struggled with housing ever since
Kasza is not the first in his family to experience homelessness
His father has been homeless in Hungary for much of the past 15 years
This is one of the reasons he would not go back to Hungary
having spent most of his life here he regards Britain as home – even if it has often felt like an unwelcoming one
Kasza is remarkably sanguine about the way life has turned out for him
his girlfriend and the fact that he still has a future to look forward to
He remains convinced that the next stroke of luck is just round the corner
Labour MP David Lammy is multitasking – heading towards a meeting while explaining why he reacted so passionately after Remes’ death
“I couldn’t believe how quickly the political class had become indifferent to this suffering
We have people sleeping on Westminster station outside one of the Commons entrances
and 650 MPs have stepped over those people on their way into work
because in the sixth richest economy in the world it simply should not be the case that so many people are without housing
I tweeted because I felt a sense of despair and loathing for a system that I’m part of.”What worries Lammy is that we have accepted homelessness as the norm
“What we’re seeing now in Britain is a whole community of people who have no stake in society.” Every day on his way to and from work
he passes Stroud Green bridge (next to Finsbury Park tube station in North London)
which has become one of London’s contemporary cardboard cities
are becoming immune to them; immune to people who are sleeping under the bridge.” Does he think anything has changed for the better since Remes’ death
”They’ve put up a barrier at Westminster tube to stop homeless people sleeping in the tunnel.” His voice rises in disbelief
Commuters walk pass Dawn Hodgson the memorial she and others created for Gyula
says Norman Lamb – so many homeless people on the one hand
he points out a nearby high-rise approved by Boris Johnson during his tenure as mayor
but it’s very rarely occupied … I have argued for a punitive tax on any dwelling in London that is left empty
I can’t understand why nobody has ever done it
It’s the obvious thing that would end the problem or raise substantial amounts of money that you could use to house people.”
Lamb also voices his disgust at the barrier that has been erected in Westminster tunnel
“There’s no doubt a security justification
but the fact is it’s closed off an area where people could get shelter overnight.”
Last week the New Statesman revealed that two months after Remes’ death the chaplain to the Speaker of the House of Commons, Rose Hudson-Wilkin, complained to parliamentary authorities about the “ongoing stench” and “unsanitary state” created by rough sleepers in the underpass
and Southwark coroner’s court is empty except for the two of us
a journalist from a news agency and a handful of staff behind a glass window
The inquest cannot begin at 1pm as scheduled because assistant coroner Philip Barlow is not here yet
and is over by 1.52pm – Gyula Remes’ life is done and dusted in 26 minutes
Statements are provided by the head of outreach at St Mungo’s
Neither Sims nor Bernhaut are here in person
It all seems so desultory – a far cry from that December day when Remes died and politicians
campaigners and the media voiced their outrage that a rough sleeper could die on the streets outside parliament
Barlow tells the court that Remes has no family in Britain
but he believes there is a brother in Canada
There are few concrete facts about Remes’ life
Barlow talks about Remes’ desperation to work – in the short-term as a kitchen porter
with a long-term goal of getting a forklift licence
We also hear that drink sometimes got in the way of the prospect of employment
he was told by a potential employer that he smelled of alcohol
and a week later his caseworker at the Connection also told him he smelled strongly of booze
and should address that before his next job interview
But things were looking up for Remes: he was doing part-time kitchen work and had just been offered a full-time job
We learn that St Mungo’s and the Connection first had contact with him on the streets in 2006
and worked with him on and off for seven years until he left to live – and work – in Malta
he returned to Britain in September 2018 and was spotted back on the streets by St Mungo’s in October 2018
Remes was offered 12 weeks’ accommodation at the Missionaries of Charity in south London
a hostel run by Catholic nuns with a strict no-alcohol/drugs policy
it was believed that he was working irregular hours as a street cleaner
he was thrown out after returning home late three nights in a row
Sims’ statement reveals that St Mungo’s street outreach services team saw him sleeping rough on 30 October in the tunnel at Westminster tube station
but he had refused to give them his details
Barlow says Remes was rejected twice for emergency accommodation at the Connection in October and on 11 December
“He did not meet the criteria for accessing it because he had not started work,” Barlow says
because his working hours were due to be irregular
This is where the story of Gyula Remes becomes Kafkaesque
The notion that somebody can only meet the criteria for an emergency shelter if they are working seems absurd
because working and paying tax is the only way he would have been eligible for benefits
he would have to have been working regular hours to qualify for a place
he had already started working full-time and had received his first payment the week he died
View image in fullscreenThe more we examine the last months of Remes’ life
the more he looks like a victim of the government’s hostile environment policy
Here was a man who refused to give his name to the very charity that was supposed to support him (a charity that had been found to be helping the Home Office deport EEA nationals); a man not allowed to claim job seeker’s allowance despite being desperate to find work; a man refused shelter in the December cold because it was believed that he did not yet have a job
The toxicology report presented at the inquest stated there was no sign of spice or morphine found in Remes’ body
but that he had 369mg of alcohol in 100ml of urine – more than three times the drink-drive limit
The emergency medical consultant at St Thomas’ hospital said Remes had “mild hypothermia” that was “unlikely to have any clinical significance on a patient’s presentation”
Barlow ruled that the cause of death was cardio-respiratory arrest and acute alcohol toxicity
“My short-form conclusion is that the death is alcohol related,” he said
“But it is impossible to think of the evidence in this case without considering the particular sadness that Mr Remes was hoping to find work and suffered his cardiac arrest in the centre of London near Westminster station shortly before Christmas.”
Barlow said: “It’s no doubt a measure of the pressure the various charities and organisations are under that he didn’t always meet the criteria for accommodation.” The statement
“We are very sad and sorry to hear about the death of Gyula Remes
and would like to extend our condolences to his family and friends
We worked closely with Gyula and will remember him as a funny
charming and amiable man – he always had a smile on his face and was well liked by everyone who worked with him
he told us he was working part-time as a kitchen porter
and working towards getting into full-time employment
We were also helping him to get into a night shelter while he secured a full-time job.” What the statement didn’t say is that the Connection refused him a place at its own night centre the week before he died
The Connection is one of the country’s best-known homelessness charities
BBC Radio has supported St Martin’s work with homeless and vulnerably housed people
Radio 4 listeners raised more than £5m to help three homeless charities
We ask the Connection if any of the staff would like to share their memories of Remes
The press office replies that staff members “are not keen on being interviewed face to face”
A memorial marks the place where Gyula Remes used to sleep
Photograph: Tom Nicholson/LNP/REX/Shutterstock
homeless people are using computers in a large glass-fronted room
We take the lift to the second floor and Orchard’s office
She has worked in the homelessness sector for 15 years
and has been at the Connection for the past two
She reads out a list of anonymised tributes to Remes from a printed sheet of paper
he would always attend the Connection with a close friend
and that they were something of a double act
Orchard says that although she never personally knew Remes
He never used his size to intimidate people.” She fast-forwards a decade to 2018 when he returned to London and the Connection
He’d be visibly under the influence in a way he hadn’t been in his previous engagements
He said he was drinking because he had time on his hands.” Orchard looks up from her notes
“Often people drink because their mental health isn’t great
We ask her what criteria Remes failed to meet for a place in the emergency shelter just before he died
saying this should be a matter of public record
not one that can be captured in a soundbite or headline
“We do our absolute best with limited resources,” she says
because lots of our clients are extremely vulnerable and have got complex needs
there is a temptation to look for someone to blame and to look at what someone’s engagement in the service has been
and then find reasons to pick holes in what they did in order to demonstrate that if only they could or should have done something it would have been different
So you can look at our night shelter criteria as much as you like
that wouldn’t have happened.’ But it feels a bit like you’re shooting the messenger.”
We ask whether anybody from the Connection attended Remes’ funeral
a Portuguese former model who died homeless in Westminster ten months before Remes
and who had also been supported by the Connection
it was revealed that he had been convicted of child sexual abuse in Portugal
and Orchard says the tabloids were critical of the support the Connection had given him
So we’ll just do what we can as well as we can.”
the Connection’s press office sends through the criteria for accessing the night centre: people have to be over 18
referred from an approved referral agency (the local authority
and they have to be “positively engaging with an agreed action plan that is a realistic and sustainable route off the streets”
The statement continues: “The fact Gyula had no access to welfare meant the best and most sustainable way we could support him was to help him access sufficient employment to pay rent in the private rented sector.”
although its most recent work with Remes focused on helping him find work
this had not translated into a realistic and sustainable route off the streets and so we were unable to accommodate him in our night shelter”
the assistant coroner said at the inquest that Remes had recently been offered a full-time job
and the condolences issued by the Connection after Remes died stated: “Just before his death he told us he was working part-time as a kitchen porter
and working towards getting into full-time employment.”
Gabor Kasza says he does not know where his friend is buried or his ashes scattered
that Remes died of a heart attack and acute alcohol poisoning
and that he had had only about four cans of lager that night
He asks why he wasn’t called to give evidence – after all
he knew Remes well and was trying to resuscitate him as he was dying
And I’m renting a room with my girlfriend.” Things are looking up
On 6 July 2019, the Observer’s home affairs editor, Mark Townsend, reported that the Home Office had “rolled out a remarkably similar scheme” to Operation Adoze
despite the fact that the original scheme was ruled unlawful in December 2017
The story revealed that the Home Office had drawn up a programme called the Rough Sleeping Support Service (RSSS)
using homelessness charities to acquire and pass on sensitive personal data that could result in the deportation of non-UK-national rough sleepers
Do somethingSarah AndersonEmails showed that St Mungo’s attended meetings with the Home Office in which discussions were held about allowing outreach workers to enter a homeless person’s data into the RSSS without their consent
The Home Office said the RSSS was set up “to help resolve the immigration status of non-UK nationals sleeping rough
either granting lawful status or providing documentation
This enables individuals to access support or assists them in leaving the UK where appropriate.” St Mungo’s tells us: “We do not share any information about our clients with the Home Office without the client’s full and informed consent
In the case of the Rough Sleeping Support Service
our position has always been that people cannot be referred to the service unless they have first received advice and have also given their consent.”
It is early October and the JustGiving fund set up by anonymous parliamentary staff in memory of Remes is still online
Underneath a photograph of the Houses of Parliament at sunset
the homeless man who died outside parliament.” A badge at the top reveals 485 people have contributed and it has raised £11,145 – the target had been just £1,000
But this seems to be the fund that time forgot
although nobody has contributed for eight months
the ONS estimated that 726 homeless people died in 2018 in England and Wales
Westminster council recorded 17 deaths – the highest number among London’s local authorities
deaths as a result of drug use have more than doubled in the six years the ONS has been recording the data
a woman with cropped hair and a toothy smile is sitting in her sleeping bag
My girlfriend and I used to sleep near him in the tunnel – just a few yards away.” Sarah Anderson is a 38-year-old Londoner
she ended up there after escaping an abusive relationship
She says a male former partner stabbed her and claims she lost her right to benefits because she was told she had made herself intentionally homeless
Anderson holds up the picture of Remes and smiles
and if we’d eaten.” We tell her that Kasza is in Birmingham
How is he?” She says how pleased she is for him and mentions his girlfriend by name
After Remes’ death, she says the outreach team came round and gave Anderson and her then partner, Dawn, rail tickets to Newcastle, where Dawn comes from. “We ended up spending Christmas there last year.” Why does she think they bought them the tickets? “More than likely to clear the streets around here. I’m not being funny – there was a hell of a lot of publicity the day he died.”
Anderson talks about all the unoccupied buildings around her
and how they could be turned into giant luxury hostels
She will be sleeping on the street tonight and for the foreseeable future
She says she could probably get emergency shelter
and she doesn’t want to be in a dorm surrounded by addicts
“They have stopped us going into the underpass where we used to sleep at night
Anderson says she was devastated when she heard of her friend’s death
but when it happens literally lying in front of you it doesn’t half shit the life out of you
Because you don’t expect it to happen to one of your own.” Does she still think of Remes
If you are worried about becoming homeless
contact the housing department of your local authority to fill in a homeless application
You can use the gov.uk website to find your local council
The Council is the gathering of all member parties
The Presidium members are the leadership body
Honorary Presidents of the Socialist International are distinguished former leaders of the organisation
recognised for their significant contributions
The Statutes of the Socialist International are the governing rules that define its structure
The Ethical Charter of the Socialist International outlines the principles and values that guide the behaviour and actions of its members
he Declaration of Principles of the Socialist International outlines the core values and ideological foundations of the organisation
The Congress is the supreme body of the Socialist International
The Socialist International establishes Commissions to address significant global issues
The Socialist International holds a meeting of parliamentarians from SI member parties
during the high level segment of the UN General Assembly in the month of September
The regional Committees define and inform the work of the Socialist International
The Socialist International presents the José Francisco Peña Gómez Award to honor outstanding contributions to democracy
The Socialist International mourns the loss of Gyula Horn
former leader of the Hungarian Socialist Party
and Prime Minister of Hungary from 1994 to 1998
studied Economics before joining the Hungarian Working People’s Party in 1954
later reorganised in 1956 as the Hungarian Socialist Workers’ Party (MSzMP)
From 1954 to 1959 Horn worked at the Ministry of Finance
after which he served in the Foreign Ministry
and during the 1960s he became a diplomat in the Hungarian embassies in Bulgaria and Yugoslavia
He was appointed Secretary of State in the Foreign Ministry in 1985 and Minister for Foreign Affairs in 1989
Horn was elected chairman of the Hungarian Socialist Party (MSzP)
Gyula Horn was Prime Minister from 1994 to 1998
and held a seat in Parliament from 1990 to 2010
At a defining time of transition in Central and Eastern Europe
Gyula Horn’s political vision greatly influenced Hungarian politics and the wider European political context
His role in the downfall of the Berlin Wall
whilst Foreign Minister under Prime Minister Miklos Nemeth
Gyula Horn was behind the opening of a route through Hungary to allow East Germans passage to the West
a fact which accelerated the fall of the Wall two months later
Gyula Horn was elected as a Vice-President of the SI at our Congress held in New York in 1996
He joined in Socialist International activities and played an important part in many of our global debates on democracy
including meetings of the SI Committee for Central and Eastern Europe and
hosted the SI Council meeting in Budapest in 1994
Despite debilitating illness in later life
Gyula Horn continued to be politically active until recent years
Today we honour his memory and pay tribute to his life
and to his contribution to the work of the Socialist International
He will be long remembered and sadly missed
and activity of the Socialist International
Our mission
The man who developed the sweeper keeper style – and indeed innovated the goalkeeper position itself – is often forgotten in history
despite playing in one of the most fabled teams in football
His story is as unique as any in the history of football
and is typical of the hardships and political pressure faced by many players in the former Eastern Bloc under communist rule
Born into a mining family on 4 February 1926 in Dorog
Gyula Grosics’ upbringing did not look like the kind that would produce a goalkeeping prodigy
it didn’t look to have anything to do with football whatsoever
Grosics spent his younger years training to be a Catholic priest
and only pursued football when local team Dorogi Bányász called him up to play
with the normal goalkeeper called up to war
It would be a decision that would alter Grosics’ life forever
Grosics himself would later serve in World War Two
with Hungary officially joining them in 1940
Hungarians in World War Two largely fought against the Soviet Union
but Grosics was actually captured by US forces
Grosics had little love for the ideology of communism and the Soviet Union
and was captured while attempting to flee and defect to the West in 1949
and was banned from playing for the national team for two years
The charges against the goalkeeper were eventually dropped
During this time Grosics moved from club to club – as was customary in the Eastern Bloc – transferring from his local side Dorogi Bányász to MATEOSZ Budapest in 1947
before joining the state-favoured Budapest Honvéd in 1950
László Budai and Gyula Lóránt as the Hungarian Sports Ministry concentrated its national team into as small a number of teams as possible
in order to improve cohesion at international level
It was around this time that the Hungarian national team became the most dominant team in the world
an increasingly mobile goalkeeper was needed
The Mighty Magyars arrived at the 1952 Olympic Games unbeaten for two years and continued their run
the Aranycsapat took part in the Central European Championship
an early forerunner of the European Championship
defeating Italy 3-0 in the final with two goals from Puskás and one from deep-lying forward Nándor Hidegkuti
This run set up what was billed in the press as the ‘Game of the Century’ in November 1953
where they had never been beaten by foreign opposition
Read | Sándor Kocsis: the quiet Hungarian who was as good as Puskás
Most know that the Hungarians embarrassed England at Wembley in 1953 – both technically and tactically – winning 6-3 and bamboozling England’s outdated W-M formation
with the deployment of Hidegkuti as a deep-lying forward – effectively a modern attacking midfielder – leaving the English defence with the classic conundrum of whether to step up and leave a gap in defence
or retain shape and allow Hidegkuti the freedom of the Wembley pitch
Many also remember the classic goal scored by Puskás where he collects the ball in the area
evades England captain Billy Wright’s slide tackle by rapidly dragging the ball back
before firing past Birmingham City’s Gil Merrick
what is forgotten is the performance of Grosics; he introduced England to a new style of goalkeeping
one that was proactive and more about judgment than about getting your angles right
It couldn’t have been more different to the approach of Merrick and other British goalkeepers at the time
The English confusion towards Grosics is best exemplified by the response of commentator Kenneth Wolstenholme when Grosics charges out of his box to meet a pass by England’s Jimmy Dickinson and clears the ball with impeccable timing
When discussing his own style Grosics was a little vague
highlighting the importance of timing and the relationship between the goalkeeper and the defence
perhaps because his ability to read passes and step up to meet them before the opposition attackers was simply something inherent in him
As brilliant as his performance at Wembley was
he asked to be substituted nine minutes before the final whistle
blaming an injury that he had suffered 15 minutes earlier
It is highly possible that this injury never existed – Grosics was a self-confessed hypochondriac
The 6-3 defeat led to a rematch in Budapest in May 1954
England would yet again be embarrassed by Hungary
It remains the Three Lions’ heaviest ever defeat
There was no need for another rematch – Hungary were the dominant team in the world
heading into the tournament that many believed would officially crown them as such
it was difficult for them to be anything other than favourites
They eased through their first game match against South Korea 9-0
before demolishing West Germany 8-3 in their second game – although the West Germans played a significantly weaker team and repeatedly fouled Ferenc Puskás
leaving him with an injury that would keep him out until the final
The quarter-final was played against Brazil in what ended up being a brutal 4-2 win by the Hungarians
with many cynical fouls being perpetrated by both teams
The referee commented that both teams had behaved “like animals”
Hungary were through to the semis to face Uruguay
has since been labelled one of the best World Cup games of all time
where they would again face West Germany in Bern
To place perspective on the relative standings of both teams
it must be remembered that the Hungarians were unbeaten for four years and were the undoubted best team in the world
The West Germans didn’t even have their own league yet
Hungary also had their best player back – Ferenc Puskás would play
Read | The great refugee: how László Kubala became a Barcelona legend
It was Puskás who opened the scoring in the sixth minute
It looked as if the coronation was merely a formality
with Grosics claiming he had been fouled for the equaliser
a decision that Grosics insisted was incorrect
The final whistle blew and the “unbeatable” Magyars had lost
It remains one of the biggest shocks in football history
who had been the pride of Hungary and an outlet for national pride
The communist leader of Hungary Mátyás Rákosi
who had indicated in no uncertain terms that Hungary must win the World Cup
The Hungarians would travel back from Switzerland by train
However this would be no normal train journey
The train was stopped and the players were all taken to a dinner with the leaders of the country
Rákosi said that the players needn’t worry
that there would be no consequences as a result of the defeat
Grosics knew what this meant: there would be consequences
Being the goalkeeper and therefore the scapegoat in football history
Grosics was blamed for the defeat having been beaten three times
The debatable decisions were not taken into account
and Grosics bore the full brunt of communist tyranny
where he was told that he was under suspicion for espionage
There was no evidence whatsoever to charge Grosics with espionage but he remained under house arrest and was exiled to Tatabánya
he was taken away for interrogation by the authorities
Czibor and Kocsis managed to escape in 1956 as the country descended into chaos and attempted revolution
having been transferred to Tatabánya Bányász
Grosics was active in the 1956 Hungarian Revolution – he was right there with the protestors when the Soviet Union forces opened fire on them in the counter-revolution
and he allowed rebel forces to use his house in order to store arms
Grosics continued to play for the national team
representing Hungary at the 1958 and 1962 World Cups
and Hungary were no longer the force they had been from 1950 to 1954
a club renowned for their Hungarian nationalism
but the move was blocked by the Sports Ministry
Grosics retired as a player and football lost a true pioneer
the stopper made 86 appearances for the national team and 390 in Hungary’s First Division
Grosics was finally given the chance to play for Ferencvárosi
taking the kick-off at 82 in a local league match
FC Tatabánya – the modern name for Tatabánya Bányász – have since named their stadium after him
He was a respected figure and featured in many interviews about the Aranycsapat and teammates such as Puskás
a rebel both in terms of his politics and his play on the pitch
He revolutionised the position of goalkeeper and set in motion a chain of events that would lead to goalkeepers such as Manuel Neuer and Hugo Lloris playing higher up the pitch than many of their peers
By Jonathon Aspey. Follow @JLAspey
1941–2012Following13Follow1313 FollowersIn the beginning of his career as a sculptor
Hungarian Neo-avantgarde artist Gyula Pauer (1941-2012) experimented with overlapping qualities of figural representation and abstraction with rhythmic
Member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)
nuclear physicist and professor emeritus Gyula Csikai passed away at the age of 91 – the Academia reported in a statement on Monday
Gyula Csikai was born in 1930 and studied mathematics and physics at the University of Debrecen (KLTE)
he started working for the MTA’s Institute for Nuclear Research (Atomki)
of which he became deputy-director in 1964
He was a member of numerous scientific committees and societies and was even Deputy Minister of Culture for a brief time in 1987
His work was not only known domestically but acknowledged internationally as well
Csikai was a permanent research fellow of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
working on a number of projects across the globe
and in 1991 he was granted membership of the London-based European Academy as well
his accomplishments include proving the existence of the neutrino in fog chambers using the theory of impulse conservation
He was awarded the Hungarian Academic Prize and Eötvös-medal
for his invaluable work for the scientific community
Source: MTI
Gyula Sax was awarded the IM title in 1972 and the GM title in 1974
He was the Hungarian Chess Champion in 1976 and 1977 (jointly)
Gyula won the 1978 Canadian Open Chess Championship
Sax participated in the Candidates Tournament after qualifying at the Subotica Interzonal in 1987
but was eliminated by Nigel Short (+0 =3 –2)
Gyula Sax was on the winning team at the Buenos Aires Olympiad in 1978
There the Hungarian "Golden Team" stopped the total dominance of the USSR at the Olympiads: the Soviet team won 18 Gold medals in the years 1952-1990
István Csom and László Vadász (from left to right in the picture above)
Sax scored +5 =7 –0 and won individual bronze on board three
His team won Silver twice and in all but one Olympiad was amongst the top six
At the 1980 Malta Olympiad his team led from start to finish
and lost Gold only on tiebreak points to the Soviet Union
On her Facebook page Judit Polgar writes:
Gyula Sax was one of the greatest chess players of Hungary
He was the first GM who treated me as a fellow chess player when I was only 9 years old
and shared ideas and by doing so he gave me a lot of self-confidence
Later I met him in many different occasions
He was also an Olympic gold medalist and a fantastically energetic attacking player
I would like to remember him with a typical tactical combination of his style which was always inspiring:
[Event "Reggio Emilia-A 8889 31st"] [Site "Reggio Emilia"] [Date "1988.??.??"] [Round "?"] [White "Sax
Jaan"] [Result "1-0"] [ECO "B81"] [WhiteElo "2600"] [BlackElo "2580"] [Annotator "Polgar,Judit"] [PlyCount "51"] [EventDate "1988.12.??"] [EventType "tourn"] [EventRounds "9"] [EventCountry "ITA"] [EventCategory "14"] [Source "ChessBase"] [SourceDate "1989.08.01"] 1
Kd2 Qa4 { The queen is looking for a saving move on the other side of the board on g4 but } 20
b4 $3 {cuts off the road for the queen.} Rfd8 21
Ra1 {Important to play on the whole board.} Qb5 23
Qh6+ Ke7 {and now it is safe to take the queen:} 25
ruefully remembers how he was punished for a careless pawn-grab by the Hungarian tactician back in 1985:
[Event "Brussels"] [Site "Brussels"] [Date "1985.??.??"] [Round "6"] [White "Sax
John DM"] [Result "1-0"] [ECO "C43"] [WhiteElo "2535"] [BlackElo "2600"] [PlyCount "27"] [EventDate "1985.12.??"] [EventType "tourn"] [EventRounds "13"] [EventCountry "BEL"] [EventCategory "9"] [Source "ChessBase"] [SourceDate "2000.11.22"] 1
Rxe5 $18 {After} Bf5 {Black gets mated:} 18
On January 28 MNO Hungary reported that Gyula Sax had passed away
Over the last two decades the grandmaster had live in seclusion – in "quiet solitude" – sometimes playing in league matches
but no longer participating in world class events
The magazine Femina reported on Gyula Sax death at 62 of a heart attack
"Today in Chess History" has seen the births of five Grandmasters:
Gyula Sax was awarded the IM title in 1972 and the GM title in 1974. He was the Hungarian Chess Champion in 1976 and 1977 (jointly). In 1971-72, Sax was the European Junior Champion, and he placed first at Rovinj-Zagreb 1975, Vinkovci 1976, Las Palmas 1978, Canadian Open 1978 and Amsterdam 1979.
who as Hungary's last communist foreign minister ripped a hole in the Iron Curtain in 1989
has died at the age of 80 after long illness
the government said on Wednesday.His decisions helped trigger off tumultuous months in which European communist regimes collapsed like dominoes
the Berlin Wall was trampled down and Soviet tanks prepared to rumble home from land they had occupied for nearly half a century.For Horn
it was a breathtaking year in a career marked by paradoxes.The man who helped dismantle the East Bloc was never forgiven by some of his countrymen for his role
in helping to crush the 1956 Budapest uprising against Soviet domination.And by 1994
Horn the former communist was back in power - as prime minister of the post-communist state.Attila Mesterhazy
chairman of the opposition Socialists who are the main opposition to Hungary's ruling conservative Fidesz
on Wednesday paid tribute to his fellow-party member Horn."The modern Hungarian left has lost its most defining leader
Hungary has lost one of its most successful Prime Ministers
and Europe has lost one of the most lasting figures in the transition from communism," he wrote on his website.Horn was foreign minister in the late 1980s as Hungary and other satellite states of Moscow began to exploit new freedoms under Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev.He and his Austrian counterpart Alois Mock posed for cameras on June 27
1989 to cut through a barbed wire frontier fence
in a largely symbolic act of rapprochement which had been planned months before.Within weeks tens of thousands of East Germans
who travelled to Hungary with "tourist" visas
headed straight for the unfortified border and walked into the West.The fall of East German communism and the process of German unification had been launched.With dizzying speed
communist governments in the region succumbed to popular uprisings and sheer fatigue
the Soviet Union itself had evaporated.In his memoirs
Horn himself recalls a meeting of his prime minister in 1989
with German Chancellor Helmut Kohl and German Foreign Minister Hans-Dietrich Genscher to discuss the East German refugees in Hungary."Both of them were gripped by emotion when I said: I don't know how we will resolve their issue
but we certainly won't extradite them (back to East Germany)."HARSH HISTORYHorn and his party were ousted from power in 1990
but four years later he returned as prime minister
persuading Hungarians his party had split with its communist past.He is credited with steering the country away from economic disaster in 1995 with austerity measures.In 2007
then Hungarian President Laszlo Solyom declined to grant him an award on the occasion of his 75th birthday
citing his role as member of the "pufajkas"
an armed unit in 1956-57 which helped in the bloody crushing of the uprising against Soviet rule.Asked about his role in 1956
flint-faced Horn had a tough upbringing.As a youth
he attended night school in Budapest while doing manual jobs by day
His father was executed as a communist by the Gestapo in 1944.Communists took power after the war and Horn studied bookkeeping in the Soviet Union
then returned in 1954 to work in the finance ministry as a section head.In the 1960s he was a diplomat in Bulgaria and Romania
He rose through the ranks to become head of the foreign affairs department of the Hungarian Socialist Workers Party central committee
where reformers were starting to tinker with economic changes that decentralized decision-making.As Hungary began moving away from orthodox Marxist ideology
the communist leadership began building up contacts with the West in the 1970s.Horn said he began to question communism's future in light of the material and social conditions the West had to offer and began his conversion to a social democrat.With Moscow's tacit support
Hungary legalized opposition parties and negotiated free elections in 1990.In his later years
Horn's illness kept him out of public view
and he did not even attend the party organized by the Socialists for his 80th birthday
He was praised there as an central figure of the momentous era which saw the fall of communism.Editing by Andrew Roche
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles., opens new tab
, opens new tab Browse an unrivalled portfolio of real-time and historical market data and insights from worldwide sources and experts.
, opens new tabScreen for heightened risk individual and entities globally to help uncover hidden risks in business relationships and human networks.
© 2025 Reuters. All rights reserved
several times national champion of Hungary and former Candidates Tournament player
Sax also was on the winning Olympiad team of the fantastic upset by Hungary in 1978 in Buenos Aires
overcoming the Soviet dominance of the event
the USSR won 18 consecutive Olympiads from 1952-1990
not counting the boycotted tournament in 1976
Hungary's team gold was the only break in the streak
Sax went an undefeated +5 =7 -0 and won an individual bronze
"In those days it was believed that there was no doubt that anyone other than the Soviets would win," said GM Susan Polgar
Sax and Andras Adorjan were all born within a year of each other and called "The Three Musketeers" according to Polgar
While that remains Hungary's biggest team triumph ever
Sax's Olympiad teams had two other silver medals and only once finished outside the top six
most recently in 2000 when his team finished a respectable fourth
He outperformed his rating in all 10 Olympiad appearances
His peak rating was 2610 and he often played and won tournaments in Canada
Sax also won the 1987 Interzonal in Subotica
He progressed to the match stage where he was beaten by GM Nigel Short
"He was the first GM who treated me as a fellow chess player when I was nine years old," said Judit Polgar on her Facebook page
"He was ready to analyze positions with me
and shared ideas and by doing so gave me a lot of self-confidence."
he would always come over to see my game and tell great stories," Leko said
despite the fact that Sax played in the top section while Leko did not
"It was a wonderful experience and a great first visit to Wijk aan Zee!"
The two were teammates during his final Olympiad
playing in a tournament in Hungary in November
Here he played the quintessential King's Indian Defense plan - abandon the queenside and chuck everything at the white king
"He was a fantastically energetic attacking player," Judit Polgar said
"He always had very interesting games," Susan Polgar said
"That's another reason he was so well liked
but it's nothing compared to how he was as a person."
"It's a big loss for all of us and it definitely comes as a shock to the whole Hungarian chess community," Leko said
Company Contact and News Accreditation:
Mike Klein began playing chess at the age of four in Charlotte
he lost to Josh Waitzkin at the National Championship featured in the movie "Searching for Bobby Fischer." A year later
Mike became the youngest member of the very first All-America Chess Team
and was on the team a total of eight times
and eventually became North Carolina's youngest-ever master
he won clear first for under-2250 players in the top section of the World Open
Mike has taught chess full-time for a dozen years in New York City and Charlotte
with his students and teams winning many national championships
He now works at Chess.com as a Senior Journalist and at ChessKid.com as the Chief Chess Officer
he was awarded Chess Journalist of the Year by the Chess Journalists of America
He has also previously won other awards from the CJA such as Best Tournament Report
and also several writing awards for mainstream newspapers
His chess writing and personal travels have now brought him to 99 countries
met up to cut the barbed-wire fencing that had been separating their two countries for decades
This act symbolically marked the end of the cold war
Horn's government gave the go-ahead to the East German refugees who had been camping out on the premises of the West German embassy in Budapest to cross over to Austria
These two events were the highlights of Horn's career and the following year he was awarded the prestigious Charlemagne prize of Aachen
which is given to outstanding statesmen – Sir Winston Churchill had been an earlier recipient
Horn, who has died aged 80, went on to become prime minister of Hungary from 1994 to 1998
his sense of humour and his earthy delivery set him apart from his rather stiff socialist colleagues
confirming his place as one of the most popular post-communist premiers
Horn was born into a working-class family in Budapest
His father was killed by the Gestapo during the German occupation of Hungary in 1944
In 1949 he obtained his high school certificate and he went on to study accounting at Rostov-on-Don in the Soviet Union (1950-54)
he joined Hungary's Communist party and was given a clerical post in one of the ministries
The Hungarian revolution of October 1956 was a turning point for Horn's career
After the armed resistance was crushed by the Soviet army
communist police squads were set up all over Hungary
These so-called "padded-coated" brigades – pufajkások – were supposed to establish order
but were in fact there to terrorise the population
apparently to avenge the death of his brother at the hands of the "counter-revolutionaries"
though his past did not stand in the way of his eventually becoming premier
From 1959 Horn was employed in the ministry of foreign affairs
where he had advanced to head of department by 1969
In 1985 he became undersecretary in the same ministry and according to Sir Malcolm Rifkind
who at the time was minister of state at the Foreign Office
it was Horn who – without the knowledge of Moscow – initiated negotiations for Hungary's entry into the Common Market
In 1989 Horn became foreign minister and his action of allowing the exit of East German refugees to the west made his reputation
In March 1990 it was Horn who signed the agreement for Soviet troops to withdraw from Hungary
He also signalled Hungary's wish to join Nato
the Hungarian Socialist party (formerly the Communist party)
Horn took over the leadership and in the next election
In order to calm the fears of western investors
Horn invited the free-market Liberal Free Democrats to join the government
Hesitation in reforming the economy in 1994-95 decreased Horn's popularity
though eventually he agreed to budget cuts introduced by the finance minister
Apart from popular discontent following the "Bokros package"
transferring funds to the Socialist party)
he had courted popularity by giving a 13th month's salary to all employees as well as increasing benefits for pensioners
neither of which was financially sustainable
The much younger and energetic Victor Orbán's rightwing coalition came to power at the 1998 elections and Horn once again had to take a seat on the opposition benches
He did not play a significant role in the close victory of the Socialist-Liberal coalition in 2002
In 2007 he fell ill and was hospitalised for the remaining six years of his life
His international reputation remained good and until his final illness he was vice-president of the Socialist International
Horn wrote two books of memoirs: Cölöpök (Stilts
including his student years in the Soviet Union; Azok a Kilencvenes Evek (Those Nineties
2012) deals with his later political career
2023 at 11:01 am CT.css-79elbk{position:relative;}Gyula Finlon
who formerly coached volleyball in Bartlett
is accused of disseminating child pornography on social media
(DuPage County State's Attorney's Office)WHEATON
IL — Multiple child pornography charges have been filed against a Wheaton man who formerly coached volleyball at Bartlett High School
was charged with three counts of exhibiting
one count of unauthorized recording of a victim under 18 and three counts of possessing child pornography
Authorities say the accusations against Finlon are not linked to his employment at Bartlett High School
the West Chicago Police Department launched an investigation of Finlon after they were informed that he may have disseminated child pornography
Police say that from the end of 2020 through January 2022
Finlon possessed child pornography and also used social media to disseminate it
Finlon was not only in possession of child pornography but also shared pornographic images with others is disturbing," DuPage County State's Attorney Rober Berlin said in a news release
every image of child pornography represents yet another innocent victim of child pornography and my office will not hesitate to bring charges against anyone involved in such behavior
I want to emphasize that the allegations against Mr
Finlon are in no way connected to his work as a coach at Bartlett High School and the victim was not a student there."
Finlon was taken into custody and later released on bond
Anyone who has information regarding the ongoing investigation of Finlon is encouraged to call the West Chicago Police Department at 630-293-2222
Get more local news delivered straight to your inbox. Sign up for free Patch newsletters and alerts.
“It turned out to be the happiest accident of my graduate school career,” said Hahn, a doctoral student in philosophy at the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
“We were all united around a very specific thing—the metaphysics and theology of the Eucharist
which is the most niche thing you can think of,” said Hahn
“If you look at it from an ordinary American secular perspective
which is supposed to be the body and blood of a Palestinian Jew who lived 2,000 years ago
and have an effect on people who join together in his mystical body
And it’s something that was the life of a continent for centuries.”
some scholars started reinterpreting the possibility of this “supernatural change” that is said to take place during Roman Catholic Mass
this caused huge conceptual tensions within the theological and metaphysical system
there was a battle between the “old” and “new” ways of doing philosophy
“These ideas caused incremental changes—tiny
almost invisible conceptual changes—that eventually led to different belief systems and religious wars,” said Klima
adding that these clashes also paved the way for modern philosophy and science
Klima said their meeting in Budapest was so successful that he decided to establish an organization that would continue their dialogue every year. Toward the end of the conference, he founded the Society for the European History of Ideas (SEHI
an international network of scholars who study the European history of ideas—both within and outside Europe
“The essence of European thought is taking Greek forms of thinking and philosophical structures and combining them with Judeo-Christian content,” Hahn explained
including scholars from Harvard University
and many other academic institutions around the world
Membership is open to faculty and graduate students from all academic institutions
as well as other scholars who are interested in their work
“We are interested in the spirit of the times and the ways people live, and how these change each other over time. We are focusing on Europe because of the role of European culture in starting modernity on a global scale,” said Klima, who also founded the Society for Medieval Logic and Metaphysics in 2000
“European culture has had an enormous role on the world stage
Europe also needs to be understood in tandem with other cultures and continents.”
The Society for the European History of Ideas meets once a year to discuss each member’s individual research on a specific topic related to theology and metaphysics, as well as other fields like art, technology, and the sciences. They present their findings, exchange ideas, and compile a volume of their collective work on the annual theme
Hahn said that he loved the support and sincerity shared by the scholars at the first conference
having conversations with people I barely knew until the conference
We shared wine and cigarettes and talked about things like the classic question—if God exists
why is there evil in the world—and the politics within the countries where we live,” said Hahn
whose presentation focused on how Lutherans interpret the Eucharist
The next meeting will be held this summer in Lisbon, Portugal, where the society will consider the classic chicken and egg question in relation to metaphysics and theology. What drives large-scale conceptual changes: changing metaphysical intuitions or the reinterpretation of theological principles?
Fordham student Matthew Glaser, GSAS ’24, said he hopes to participate in the next conference. His interest in philosophy stems from the same curiosity that many of his colleagues share.
“I became interested in philosophy through a lot of conversations with high school friends around campfires, talking about politics, society, social issues, and these big-picture, abstract questions about how we should live and how to solve these problems. Through that, I found my way into philosophy and an interest in questions about human nature—about what it means to be human,” said Glaser, a Ph.D. student in philosophy who recently joined the society.
He said he joined SEHI because it informs our understanding of who we are today.
Sign up to receive the latest news from Fordham University.
Reporting by Gergely Szakacs; Editing by Hugh Lawson
Gergely reports on central European economics, central banking and government policy, with content usually appearing on the Macro Matters, Markets, Business and World sections of the website. He has nearly two decades' worth of experience in financial journalism at Reuters and holds advanced degrees in English and Communication.
The Argentinian artist’s space-architecture installation is being shown in its entirety for the first time
and will be exhibiting it in its entirely–for the first time outside Kosice’s studio–beginning this Sunday
as part of the new exhibition North Looks South: Building the Latin American Art Collection
The Hydrospatial City will be presented in a 200-square-foot room, with the nine-by-nine-foot galaxy of clear plastic mobiles dangling from the ceiling. The exhibition will also include drawings and Kosice’s 1946 Madí Manifesto
where he argues that architecture should incorporate “habitat and displaceable forms in space.”
Each Plexiglas model depicts a living pod–although
as the museum’s wall-text points out
these are “habitats full of unclassifiable worlds
and polydimensional places where one could be dead and alive
or direct satellites by remote control aboard a Kosicean space craft.”
Subscribe to our mailing list to receive the latest updates
subscription deals delivered straight to your inbox
Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page.