Volume 8 - 2021 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.744639 most of them with an Indo-Pacific distribution and only two species recognized from the eastern Atlantic: Coris atlantica and C This last species has a large variability in its coloration which caused that during the first half of XIX century the sexes were considered as different species julis: (i) primary or “giofredi,” which corresponds to females and primary-phase males and is considered common for Atlantic and Mediterranean populations; and (ii) the secondary or “julis” which corresponds to secondary-phase males which is different for Atlantic and Mediterranean populations In this study we demonstrate the existence of two sibling species within the C Morphological and molecular analyses showed that this species complex is composed of two species: (i) C from which the species was originally described; and (ii) C a species described by Lowe in 1839 which is resurrected here mainly distributed in the eastern Atlantic and western Mediterranean We also discuss the possible speciation event to understand the contemporary distribution patterns of Coris species in the eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean julis and considered both species as valid representatives of the Coris genus in the eastern Atlantic julis are deposited in the ichthyological collections of the Museu de História Natural do Funchal (MMF) the Museu de la Naturalesa de les Illes Balears (MNIB) of the Societat de Història Natural de les Illes Balears the Marine Fauna Collection of the Instituto Español de Oceanografía in the Centro Oceanográfico de Málaga (CFM-IEOMA) and the Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde in Stuttgart (SMNS) Morphometric measurements and external observations for all specimens follows Randall (1999). The description and nomenclature of the head lateral line system follows Kasumyan (2003). The fin-ray formulae follow Fricke (1983) A piece of the right pectoral fin was removed from fresh specimens and preserved in 96% ethanol A total of 19 samples were used for molecular analyses PCR was performed in 25 μl volume: 17.7 μl ddH2 The PCR thermal profile used for both mitochondrial genes was: initial stage of 96°C for 5 min; then 35 cycles at 94°C for 60 s 50/54/54°C for 60 s and 72°C for 60 s followed by a final extension at 72°C for 10 min PCR products were purified using the QIAquickR PCR Purification Kit (QIAGEN) Both heavy and light strands were sequenced on an ABI 3130 sequencer (Applied Biosystems) Genetic distance (p-distance) and number of base differences between pair of sequences of each mitochondrial fragment were calculated with MEGA v.7.1 (Tamura et al., 2013) The average values of both genetic indices between our study samples and GenBank and BOLD SYSTEMS sequences were compared In addition, to elucidate species boundaries within Coris species, a delimitation analysis was performed using the Poisson Tree Process (bPTP; Zhang et al., 2013) method for each mitochondrial fragment. For this purpose, we used the Bayesian trees which were previously performed in MrBayes for each fragment as input data. The calculation was conducted on the bPTP webservice3 excluding outgroups thinning set to 100 and burning at 25% and performing a Bayesian search The probability of each node to represent a species node was calculated with the Bayesian solution considered the frequency of the nodes across the sampling Lastly, for the Coris species distributed in eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean, median-joining haplotype networks based on 12s rRNA, COI and CYTB fragments were generated by using Popart 1.7 (Leigh and Bryant, 2015) The sampling localities of the morphologically and genetically analyzed specimens in the present study are shown in Figure 1 (B) Coris specimens reported from Balearic Islands are shown The Coris specimens collected in the present study for molecular and morphological analyses from Madeira Gulf of Cadiz and Balearic Islands are indicated in gray and those specimens used only for morphological analysis are indicated in asterisk Coris melanura (Lowe, 1839) (Blacktail rainbow wrasse) (Figures 2, 3) Photographs of fresh and preserved specimens of Coris melanura showing the primary livery Atlantic Ocean (the dark mark between DII and DIII is evident in this specimen); (B) CFM-IEOMA 7416 from Balearic Islands Mediterranean Sea; (C) CFM-IEOMA 7417 from Santander Atlantic Ocean; (D,E) CFM-IEOMA 7422 and CFM-IEOMA7424 from Faro The fresh and preservation in formalin color are disposed in right and left site Photographs of fresh and preserved neotype and other material of Coris melanura showing the secondary livery (males) Atlantic Ocean; (B,C) other material CFM-IEOMA7428 and CFM-7427 from Santander respectively; (D,E) other material MNIB 177 and MNIB 182 from Mallorca and Ibiza Julis melanura Lowe, 1839: 85 (off Madeira; holotype: lost; neotype as designated below) Coris (Hologymnosus) taeniatus Steindachner, 1863: 1189 probably Canary Islands); syntypes: NMW 25675-76 (2)] Julis azorensis Fowler, 1919: 204 northeastern Atlantic; holotype: USNM 42127) Cais do Carvao (32°38′11″N La Caleta (36°52′43″N 22 April 2021; CFM-IEOMA 7417 to 7420 and CFM-IEOMA-7425 to 7428 and (eight specimens) Santander (43°28′51″N 20 July 2020; CFM-IEOMA-7421 to 7424 (four specimens) Menorca Channel (39°53′15″N 3°52′24″E) 77 m depth southern Mallorca (39°15′14″N 2°57′1″E) >80 m depth western Ibiza (38°51′33N″ eastern Ibiza (38°58′4″N 1°33′1″E) >80 m depth Coris melanura is characterized within the genus Coris by the following characters: soft dorsal-fin rays 12; lateral-line scales 72–74 + 1; pectoral rays 13; body depth 4.0–5.1 in SL; pelvic-fin tip not extending to the vertical through pectoral-fin tip; primary livery (females and initial-phase males) with a thin black line extending on the upper half of body from behind the orbit to almost half of caudal fin rays a small triangular dark mark present at the membrane between the second and third dorsal spines (sometimes barely visible) and 6–8 longitudinal series of small red dots surrounding the white belly from lower edge of pectoral-fin base to anus; and secondary livery (secondary phase males) with black caudal fin and a longitudinal series of black yellow or red (sometimes two of this colors present) vertically elongated spots (bars) along the body side Measurements of the neotype and other material (Om) of Coris melanura Range of measurements of Coris melanura and C its width 1.7–2.7 in body depth at origin of dorsal fin (maximum depth); body depth 4.0–5.1 in standard length (SL); head small its length 3.3–3.8 in SL; snout pointed its length 3.0–3.9 in head length (HL); eye small clearly situated in the anterior part of the head with post-orbital length (1.7–2.0 in HL) much larger than snout; interorbital space convex the least bony width 4.4–7.0 in HL; least caudal peduncle depth and caudal peduncle length 2.3–2.8 and 2.4–3.8 in HL the maxilla extending to a vertical through anterior nostril upper-jaw length 4.2–5.9 in HL; front of upper and lower jaws with a pair of large recurved canine teeth those in the upper jaw more spaced allowing the lower jaw pair of canines fitting between the uppers when mouth closed; second tooth on upper jaw and almost two thirds the length of the first and recurved; second tooth followed by a row of ten teeth first tooth in this row already much smaller than the second and getting progressively smaller and less pointed last three blunt; a canine tooth on the upper jaw on the corner of the mouth slightly smaller than second frontal teeth and recurved anteriorly; second tooth on lower jaw about two thirds of the first first tooth in this row already smaller than the second getting progressively smaller and less pointed; both jaws present an shorter inner row of much smaller conical to blunt posteriorly teeth Upper pharyngeal plates each with 15–20 teeth (variable even between both plates in the same individual) pointed in the anterior area to conical and blunt posteriorly with three molars on the posterior side of the medial edge the largest about twice the size of the second largest; lower T-shaped pharyngeal plate with a total of 33–45 teeth in total (medial and transverse limbs); medial limb with 11–16 teeth distributed as one single most anterior tooth a little larger than the rest and pointed and 5–6 transverse rows of 1–3 teeth each; all teeth in the medial limb conical and pointed to blunt posteriorly; transverse limb of lower pharyngeal plate with 23–30 teeth distributed in three rows of teeth the most posterior one with a very large triangular molar (about three and a half times larger than the second larger molar) the first one much larger than the second and second larger than third which is conical; middle row with 10–11 molariform teeth that describe a curve in order to surround the large posterior molar three teeth in the middle the largest of this row and similar; anterior row of teeth in the transverse limb interrupted in the middle by the medial limb with 3–4 very similar in size small molar teeth in each side of medial limb (one individual did not present this row on one side); tongue narrow Ventral edge of preopercle free to a vertical at the space between the posterior nostril and anterior edge of orbit; posterior free edge of preopercle about two thirds of ventral free edge ending slightly below the lower edge of orbit Anterior nostril small and tubular placed in front of the eye barely above the center of pupil; posterior nostril a small slit vertically oriented situated half pupil diameter behind anterior nostril and 8 (4)] suborbital pores from behind center of eye to below middle front of orbit; three pores that radiate from the suborbital canal one located in front of middle of orbit and slightly anterior and below anterior nostril the other two located near the upper maxilla one placed slightly anterior to a vertical through the anterior nostril the other one above posterior third of upper lip; four pores on the lower free edge of preopercle [4 (23) continuing anteriorly as three pores in mandibular series; one pore on preopercle angle and three on the upper free edge of preopercle the uppermost almost meeting the level of the temporal canal; supraorbital canal with four pores starting anteriorly above posterior nostril (three individuals also presented an extra pore above anterior nostril) and ending posteriorly above the orbit at a vertical through the posterior edge of eye; supraorbital canal extends anteriorly to a pore located on the snout at a vertical through the most anterior pore above the lip radiating from the suborbital canal; temporal canal with seven pores starting anteriorly behind and slightly below the upper edge of the orbit (3 anterior to the vertical through the upper free edge of preopercle); upper temporal canal starting with a single central pore located at the edge of the ending angle of scales which is located slightly anteriorly to a vertical through posterior edge of orbit then four pores distributed flanking the scales the most posterior one located at a vertical through fourth pore in the temporal canal Scales cycloid; smaller scales on nape extending forward slightly anterior to a vertical through posterior edge of orbit; rest of the head naked; scales in the chest smaller than scales on sides of the body; scales on chest progressively smaller ventrally and anteriorly; lateral line starting in the free upper edge of opercle approximately paralleling dorsal profile to space between ninth and tenth soft rays then descending sharply to body midline and straight again until the base of the caudal fin; last lateral line pored scale on base of caudal fin larger than the rest; no scales on base of dorsal and paired fins; progressively smaller scales on base of caudal fin covering caudal rays to about one fifth of caudal fin length Origin of dorsal fin above fifth lateral line scale the predorsal fin length 3.3–4.3 in SL; distance between first and second dorsal spines about half the distance between second and third; dorsal spines very flexible similarly to rays; individuals showing the primary livery (females and initial-phase males): first three dorsal spines not elongated third usually the largest 3.1–4.3 in HL then spines very even or gently decreasing until the eighth which is equal or slightly shorter than ninth (2.8–3.7 in HL); individuals showing the secondary livery (secondary-phase males): first three dorsal spines longer than the rest second usually the longest 2.3–3.4 in HL then sharply decreasing from third to fourth from fourth to eight spines very even or gently decreasing until the eighth which is equal or slightly shorter than ninth (2.8–3.5 in HL); the longest dorsal soft ray are the third or fourth (2.3–2.9 in HL); origin of anal fin below soft dorsal origin the preanal fin length 1.7–2.0 in SL; all anal spines very flexible and abruptly increasing in size second 4–6.2 in HL and third 3.1–4.6 in HL; the longest anal soft ray are the third or fourth (2.4–2.8 in HL); caudal fin convex its length 1.4–1.9 in HL; pectoral fin pointed being the longest its second ray; origin of pelvic fins at the vertical of lower base of pectoral fins the prepelvic length 3.4–3.9 in SL; pelvic fin length 1.9–2.6 in HL when extended the distance between its tips and anus is 2.2–4.9 in HL Secondary livery (males): Back and sides down to approximately the level of the upper origin of the pectoral fin with a variable background color (usually vivid red, pallid pink or greenish) (Figure 3); lower part of the body white or yellowish; caudal fin completely black in most individual analyzed (but see section “Remarks” below) with the black color extending to the caudal peduncle and last rays of the dorsal fin in some individuals including the whole posterior upper third of the body; a longitudinal series of black yellow or red vertical bars present along the side of the body extending from near the pectoral-fin origin to the to the caudal peduncle where they merge completely with the black color of the peduncle in the darkest individuals; pectoral translucent or yellowish; pelvic fins pinkish; a bluish-black spot on upper side of pectoral axil and opercle; dorsal fin with an anterior black spot extending to the third spine sometimes also on part of the membrane between third and fourth spines but not to the edge which is vividly red; the remainder of this fin with two longitudinal bands: one near the base similar to the dorsal background color colored dark gray to black posteriorly; anal fin with two longitudinal bands similar to those on dorsal fin such as the presence of the triangular dark mark (“bleue” in that description) between the second and third dorsal spines and the presence of small red dots surrounding the belly (“son ventre d’un beau rose vif”) although it is remarked the presence of “première bandelette composée de petites lunules bleu noirâtre étendue depuis l’angle de l’opercule jusque sur la queue et par une seconde bande jaune semée de points rouges qui prend naissance dans l’aisselle de la pectorale et qui va jusque sur la queue” which may remind the vertical bars (lunules) of the secondary livery we have never observed the vertical bars in individuals without elongated first dorsal spines which is the case of that used in the description by Valenciennes neither the presence of the vertical bars concurrent with the presence of the yellow band from pectoral axil to the caudal fin festiva cannot be determined with certainty However, the secondary livery of our individuals is clearly coincident with the description of Julis melanura Lowe, 1839, in which the author points out that the species is clearly distinguished by the “deep blackness of the caudal and hinder part of the tail or body,” a trait not mentioned in the description of J. festiva (Lowe, 1839) Coris julis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Mediterranean rainbow wrasse) (Figures 4, 5) Figure 5. Photographs of fresh and preserved specimens of Coris julis. (A) neotype of Labrus julis Linnaeus, 1758, Labrus cettii Rafinesque, 1810, Labrus giofredi Risso, 1810 and Julis speciosa Risso, 1827 CFM-IEOMA 7433 from Eastern Mallorca showing the typical coloration of the secondary livery (male); (B) paratype CFM-IEOMA 7432 from Punta Tomàs showing an intermediate coloration between primary and secondary liveries without elongation of first dorsal spines Labrus julis Linnaeus, 1758: 284 (Genoa Mediterranean Sea; neotype as designated below) Labrus paroticus Linnaeus, 1758: 284 [probably Mediterranean Sea; syntypes: NRM 3 (5)] Sparus niloticus Hasselquist, 1762: 387 [Nile River, near Cairo, Egypt (locality is erroneous, is Mediterranean Sea); no types known; not available, published in a rejected work (ICZN, Opinion 57); original spelling “Sparvs niloticvs” due to historical typeset, equals “Sparus niloticus”; based on Hasselquist, 1757: 341 Labrus iulis Brünnich, 1768: 54 (Marseille, France, Mediterranean Sea; incorrect subsequent spelling of Labrus julis Linnaeus, 1758) Labrus perdica Fabricius [ex Forsskål] in Niebuhr, 1775: 34, xi [Istanbul, Turkey, Sea of Marmara; neotype as designated below; authorship according to Fricke (2008): 48] Labrus keslik Lacepède, 1801: 453, 523 (Istanbul, Turkey, Sea of Marmara; unneeded replacement name for Labrus perdica Niebuhr, 1775) Labrus cettii Rafinesque (ex Cetti), 1810: 23 Labrus giofredi Risso, 1810: 228 northwestern Mediterranean Sea; syntypes: MNHN (lost); neotype as designated below) Julis giofredi var. I: Risso, 1827: 310 (Nice Julis giofredi var. II: Risso, 1827: 310 (Nice Julis mediterranea Risso, 1827: 309 (Nice northwestern Mediterranean Sea; Risso specimen Julis mediterranea var. I: Risso, 1827: 309 (Nice Julis speciosa Risso, 1827: 311 northwestern Mediterranean Sea; syntypes: MNHN (lost); neotype as designated below] Julis vulgaris Fleming, 1828: 210 (Cornwall, England; unneeded replacement name for Labrus julis Linnaeus, 1758); Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1839: 361 Julis festiva Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes (1839): 374 (Brest northeastern Atlantic; holotype: MNHN A-9244) Anarchichas fusellus (Naro, 1847) (ex Chiereghini) 1847: col 115 [Adriatic Sea; not available, Chiereghini name mentioned in synonymy of Julis giofredi Risso (=Labrus giofredi Risso, 1810)] 9 September 1996; MNIB 179 and 180 (four specimens) 25 August 2006; CFM-IEOMA 7429 to 7431 (three specimens) Cala Sant Vicenç (39°55′28″N 18 October 2020; CFM-IEOMA 7432-7434-7435 (three specimens) Punta Tomàs (39°57′32″N 3°11′18″E) 25 m depth 9 June 2019; CFM-IEOMA 7436 to 7440 (five specimens) 3°28′56″E) 48 m depth Balearic Islands (39°36′29″N 3°23′25″E—39 °26′27″N 3°23′25″E—39°26′27″N south of Pula (44°50′30″N Balearic Islands (40°03′45″N 4 September 1989; SMNS 9386 (four specimens) 39°50′N 4°19′E 3 November 1989; SMNS 9611 (two specimens) 21 December 1989; SMNS 11609 (12 specimens) Giglio Island (42°22′06″N Balearic Islands (38°41′42.6″N 28 September 1991; SMNS 12449 (two specimens) September 1993; SMNS 16688 (two specimens) Ischia Island (40°42′20″N 13°51′36″E—40°42′09″N Coris julis is characterized within the genus Coris by the following characters: soft dorsal-fin rays 12; lateral-line scales 72–74 + 1; pectoral rays 13; body depth 4.2–5.4 in SL; pelvic-fin tip not extending to the vertical through pectoral-fin tip; primary livery (juveniles females and initial-phase males) with a striped longitudinal pattern usually brown on back and below a darker purple-brown stripe that extends from the snout to the caudal-fin base; secondary livery (males) with an orange stripe extending from snout to caudal-fin base which is indented throughout the body and a black cuneiform band extending below the orange indented band from pectoral axil to about the vertical through anal-fin origin Measurements of the neotype and other material (Om) of Coris julis its width 1.7–2.4 in body depth; body depth at origin of dorsal fin (maximum depth) 4.2–5.4 in SL; least caudal-peduncle depth 2.5–3.2 in head length its length 3.1–3.6 in SL; snout pointed its length 2.9–3.9 in HL; eye small clearly situated on the anterior part of the head with post-orbital length (1.7–2.1 in HL) much larger than snout; interorbital space convex the least bony width 5.2–7.0 in HL; caudal-peduncle length 2.5–4.9 in HL small and slightly oblique; maxilla extending to a vertical through anterior nostril; upper-jaw length 4.0–5.7 in HL; front of upper and lower jaws with a pair of large recurved canine teeth those in the upper jaw more spaced allowing the lower jaw pair fitting in between when mouth closed; second tooth on upper jaw recurved and almost two-thirds of the length of the first; second tooth followed by a row of 9–11 teeth last three blunt; a canine tooth on the upper jaw in the corner of the mouth slightly smaller than second frontal teeth recurved anteriorly; second tooth on lower jaw about two-thirds of the length of the first getting progressively smaller and less pointed; both jaws with a shorter inner row of much smaller Upper pharyngeal plates each bearing 15–25 teeth (variable even between the two plates of the same individual) with three molars on the posterior side of the median edge the largest one about twice the size of the second largest; lower pharyngeal plate T-shaped with a total of 35–43 teeth (on median and transverse limbs); median limb bearing 10–15 teeth anteriormost tooth pointed and a little larger than the others and 5–6 transverse rows of 1–3 teeth each; all teeth in the median limb conical posteriorly blunt; transverse limb of lower pharyngeal plate with three rows of teeth the posteriormost with a very large triangular molar (about 3.5 times larger than the second largest molar) similar in length; anterior tooth row in the transverse limb interrupted in the middle by the medial limb with 3–6 small molar teeth on each side of the median limb which are very similar in size Ventral edge of preopercle free to a vertical through the space between posterior nostril and anterior edge of orbit; length of posterior free edge of preopercle about two thirds of ventral free edge situated in front of eye barely above the center of pupil; posterior nostril a small slit placed half a pupil diameter behind anterior nostril arranged between behind center of eye and below middle front of orbit; three pores radiate from suborbital canal one located in front of middle of orbit and slightly anterior and below of anterior nostril one situated slightly anteriorly to a vertical through anterior nostril the other above posterior third of upper lip; 4 [4 (25) 5 (1)] pores on the free lower edge of preopercle continuing anteriorly with three pores in mandibular series; one pore on preopercular angle 4 (5)] on the free upper edge of preopercle the uppermost almost meeting level of temporal canal; supraorbital canal with four pores starting anteriorly above posterior nostril (one individual presented an extra pore above anterior nostril) and ending posteriorly above orbit at a vertical through posterior margin of eye; supraorbital canal extending anteriorly to a pore located on the snout at a vertical through anteriormost pore above the lip radiating from the suborbital canal; temporal canal with 7–9 pores [7 (17) starting anteriorly behind and slightly below upper edge of orbit (three anterior to the vertical through the upper free edge of preopercle); upper temporal canal starting with a single central pore located at the edge of the ending angle of scales 5 (2)] pores distributed flanking the scales the most posterior one located at a vertical through fourth pore of temporal canal Scales cycloid; smaller scales on nape extending forward to a vertical through posterior edge of orbit; remainder of head naked; scales on chest smaller than scales on sides of body; scales on chest progressively smaller ventrally and anteriorly; lateral line starting behind the free upper edge of opercle approximately parallel to dorsal profile to space between ninth and tenth dorsal-fin soft rays and then again straight toward caudal-fin base; last pored lateral-line scale on base of caudal fin larger than the rest; no scales on base of dorsal or paired fins; progressively smaller scales on base of caudal fin covering caudal-fin rays to about one-fifth of caudal-fin length Origin of dorsal fin situated above fifth lateral-line scale predorsal-fin length 3.2–4.0 in SL; distance between first and second dorsal spines about half the distance between second and third spines; dorsal-fin spines flexible but rather rigid in the largest individual although not pungent; in individuals showing primary (females initial-phase males) and intermediate liveries the anterior three dorsal-fin spines not elongated length of the first spine 3.6–5.0 in HL then spines very even or gently decreasing until the eighth which is equal or slightly shorter than the ninth (3.0–3.9 in HL); individuals showing the secondary livery (males): first three dorsal spines longer than the remainder from fourth to eight spines very even or gently decreasing until the eighth which is equal or slightly shorter than the ninth (3.0–4.0 in HL); the longest dorsal soft ray are the third or fourth (2.3–3.1 in HL); origin of anal fin situated below soft dorsal-fin origin preanal-fin length 1.7–1.9 in SL; all anal-fin spines flexible second 4.1–8.2 in HL and third 3.1–5.3 in HL; anal-fin soft rays similar in size its length 1.3–2.0 in HL; pectoral fin pointed second ray longest; origin of pelvic fins at a vertical of lower pectoral-fin base prepelvic-fin length 3.1–3.7 in SL; pelvic-fin length 1.9–2.6 in HL distance between extended pelvic-fin tip and anus 2.8–6.6 in HL We found the two main coloration patterns already described in detail in numerous works: the primary and secondary liveries, plus an intermediate color pattern found in only one of the collected individuals, but commonly seen in others while diving during the sampling (Figures 4, 5) Roede (1966) described the coloration of seven individuals showing an intermediate coloration In most of them the indented band was vague but noticeable although “it was gray-brown instead of bright orange,” but two of the individuals showed an indented band in orange although the rest was more similar to the primary livery and the individuals did not present elongated first dorsal spines This seems to be a similar pattern to that we found in CFM-7432 Coris julis has a complicated synonymy; as we now find that two closely related species co-occur in the western Mediterranean this synonymy needs to be clarified before the two species can be properly named we here discuss the names in this species complex in detail We chose a fresh specimen that was available for genetic examination; therefore the neotype locality is situated as close as practical to the original western Mediterranean syntype localities Sparus niloticus was described by Hasselquist (1762: 387), allegedly from the Nile River, near Cairo (Egypt), based on Hasselquist (1757: 341). Both Hasselquist works were rejected by ICZN (Opinion 57, 1914); therefore, the taxon is not available. It was placed in the synonymy of Coris julis (Linnaeus, 1758) by Fricke (2008: 47); the type locality was obviously erroneous and the material probably originated from the Mediterranean coast of Egypt Labrus iulis was described by Brünnich (1768: 54) from Marseille (France), obviously based on the primary livery of Coris julis, together with a variety b which may have been based on the primary livery of Coris melanura; this has been considered as an incorrect subsequent spelling of Labrus julis Linnaeus, 1758 (Fricke et al., 2021) None of the material is extant; it may have never been preserved Labrus infuscus was described by Walbaum (1792: 249) from the Mediterranean Sea, based on Gronow (1763: 70, No. 238, “Labrus ex livido-brunneus, capite subacuto”), which again was based on Klein (1749: 45 “Maenas in ventre flavicans”) No type material of this taxon is extant (Fricke et al., 2021). Although Parenti and Randall (2000: 15) placed this taxon in the synonymy of Coris julis (Linnaeus, 1758), an inspection of the sources reveals that the color pattern and body shape does not match this species; it is rather based on a species of Symphodus; probably S. cinereus (Bonnaterre, 1788) We may therefore exclude Labrus infuscus from our considerations Labrus subfuscus may be excluded from our considerations as well Labrus keslik was described by Lacepède (1801: 453, 523) from Istanbul, Turkey, Sea of Marmara; the name is an unneeded replacement name for Labrus perdica Niebuhr (1775) and therefore does not need to be considered here fixing it as a junior synonym of Coris julis Risso (1827: 310) distinguished two varieties of Julis giofredi (Risso, 1810), which were cited by Fricke et al. (2021) as Julis giofredi var. argentata and Julis giofredi var. fuscoviolacea, both from Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. However, these were not named by Risso (1827) II.” We are not aware of any available use of these variety names; therefore they can be neglected for the purpose of this work Julis mediterranea was described by Risso (1827: 309) from Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. A Risso specimen and possible holotype could be detected, MNHN B-0867 (Fricke et al., 2021) The color and morphological description including the presence of “une raie longitudinal d’un bel orange” and “la nageoire dorsal est très relevée à son origine et ornée d’une grande tache rouge bleue” clearly refers to the secondary livery (male) of Coris julis Risso (1827: 310) distinguished two varieties of Julis mediterranea Risso, 1827, which were cited by Fricke et al. (2021) as Julis mediterranea var. pallidula and Julis mediterranea var. veridula, both from Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. However, these were not named by Risso (1827) I” and “Var.” We are not aware of any available use of these variety names; therefore Julis vulgaris was described by Fleming (1828: 210) from Cornwall, England; it represents an unneeded replacement name for Labrus julis Linnaeus, 1758, which was also used by Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes (1839: 361 Julis festiva was described by Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes (1839: 374) based on a specimen from Brest, France, northeastern Atlantic. According to the color description, it is based on the primary livery of C. melanura, but see section “Remarks” within C. melanura description. The holotype is deposited at Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, MNHN A-9244 (Fricke et al., 2021) Anarchichas fusellus was described by Naro (1847: col 115) from the Adriatic Sea. The name is not available, as it is a manuscript name of Chiereghini that was mentioned in synonymy of “Julis giofredi Risso” (=Labrus giofredi Risso, 1810) which defines it as a junior synonym of Coris julis Coris (Hologymnosus) taeniatus was described by Steindachner (1863: 1189, pl. 2, fig. 1) from Java, Indonesia; the type locality was in error, and the specimens probably originated from the Canary Islands. According to the color description and the figure, it is based on the primary livery of C. melanura. The syntypes are deposited at Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, NMW 25675-25676, two specimens (Fricke et al., 2021) Julia azorensis was described by Fowler (1919: 204, fig. 2) from Horta, Fayal Island, Azores, northeastern Atlantic. According to the color description, the figure and the photographs of the holotype deposited at the National Museum of Natural History, Washington D.C., United States, USNM 42127 (Fricke et al., 2021) melanura presenting the primary livery (see section “Remarks” within C Pelvic fins clearly extending across a vertical through pectoral fin tip ……………………………………………… Pelvic fins not extending across a vertical through pectoral fin tip ……………………………………………………………………………. females and initial-phase males) with a thin black line on the sides of the body extending along the flanks from behind the orbit to caudal fin rays even reaching the posterior half of this fin in some individuals; this line not vanishing but increasing in contrast when preserved in formalin or ethanol; 6–8 longitudinal series of small red dots surrounding the white belly from the lower edge of pectoral fin base; a small triangular dark mark present at the membrane between the second and third dorsal spines (barely visible in small individuals) Secondary livery (males) presenting a longitudinal series of vertical bars (usually black red or yellow) along the body flanks; except for the smaller individuals the caudal fin (at least the upper half) and frequently the posterior upper third of the body is black; first and second dorsal spines 2.5–3.3 and 2.3–3.4 in head length respectively…………………………………………………. females and initial-phase males) lacking the black thin line along the flanks as described above the dark mark in the membrane between the second and third dorsal spines and the small red dots surrounding the belly Secondary livery (males) presenting an orange indented band along the flanks from snout to caudal fin base; caudal fin predominantly orange yellowish or this color mixed with the green or turquoise present in the back; first and second dorsal spines 1.8–2.6 and 1.8–2.5 in head length ………………………………………………………… C 600 (196 variable sites and 186 informative sites) and 384 (184 variable sites and 87 informative sites) base pairs (bp) for 12s rRNA COI and CYTB mitochondrial fragments were sequenced The average interspecific divergence for the 12s rRNA fragment between any two species of Coris was 7.3% and 23.8 bp differences. No genetic differences were detected between C. melanura and those GenBank sequences designated as C. julis and collected from the Northeast Atlantic (Azores and Portugal coast; Table 4) wider values of genetic distance and pb differences were observed with the C julis specimens from the Mediterranean (2.1%; 7.2 bp differences) Mean genetic distances (%) and numbers of base differences for 12s rRNA from Coris species below and above the diagonal In the case of the COI gene, the average interspecific divergence between any two species of Coris was 14.3% and 80.5 pb differences. No genetic differences were observed between C. melanura and GenBank sequences assigned as C. atlantica and two sequences as C. julis (both sequences are listed as unverified in GENBANK: KJ768228-29) all these samples are from the northeast Atlantic (Portugal coast; Table 5) Coris melanura showed high values of genetic distance with C julis from Mediterranean (Balearic Islands Italy and Turkey; 6.0%; 33.6 bp differences) Greater genetic differences were also observed when we compared to C which includes two sequences identified as C atlantica from Equatorial Guinea (Southeast Atlantic) Mean genetic distances (%) and numbers of base differences for COI from Coris species below and above the diagonal Based on the CYTB gene, the average interspecific divergence between the species of Coris included in the present study was 17.3% and 52 pb differences. Coris melanura showed the lowest genetic distance with GenBank sequences assigned as C. julis from Northeast Atlantic (0.3%; 1 bp differences; Table 6) julis specimens here collected (8.1%; 24 bp differences) Mean genetic distances (%) and numbers of base differences for CYTB from Coris species below and above the diagonal In all phylogenetic trees, C. melanura and C. julis form a monophyletic group (PP = 1) which is sister clade to C. atlantica (PP > 0.95) (Figures 6–8) Phylogenetic relationship based on Bayesian Inference (BI) for 12s rRNA fragment for Coris species Posterior probabilities (%) and GenBank accession numbers are indicated near the nodes and the species name Species delimitation analysis using Poisson Tree Process (bPTP) is indicated by lateral dark and light gray side bars The samples analyzed here are indicated in bold Phylogenetic relationship based on Bayesian Inference (BI) for COI fragment for Coris species Posterior probabilities (%) and GenBank and BOLD Systems accession numbers are indicated near the nodes and the species name Phylogenetic relationship based on Bayesian Inference (BI) for CYTB fragment for Coris species The results of the Poisson Tree Process recovered at least 17, 18 and eight putative species cluster for 12S, COI and CYTB fragments, respectively. Among them are C. julis and C. melanura for the three genes (Figures 6–8) thus supporting the results obtained by morphological genetic distances and phylogenetic analyses Haplotype network for each fragment: (A) 12S melanura Balearic Islands; CJBA; Coris julis Balearic Islands; CJFA; C Mutation steps are indicated as diagonal bars and steps larger than 20 are also indicated in parenthesis Our morphological and molecular analyses confirmed the hypothesis that Coris julis is a species complex composed of two sibling species: C. julis, distributed mainly in the Mediterranean, from which the species was originally described, and C. melanura (Lowe, 1839) that we propose as a valid species with the oldest available name distributed mainly in the northeastern Atlantic and western Mediterranean ND4/5 and COI) ranging from of 3.4–12.4% the divergence values for the three fragments fall within the range of divergences supporting the validity of both species That places this speciation process after the Messinian Salinity Crisis and the re-opening of Gibraltar Strait and nuclear markers are needed to confirm this hypothesis closely related fishes that have arisen by allopatric speciation are likely to hybridize upon secondary contact but our results showed that there is no overlap of haplotypes between C suggesting that hybridization between these two species may not occur in the wild reforcing the conclusion that the speciation process between these two species is completed The DNA sequences obtained for three mitochondrial fragments were deposited in the GenBank database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/) under the following numbers: MW970114-NW970131; MW979469-MW979486; MZ044564-MZ044581; MZ230640; MZ230729; and MZ275234 SR-A and FO conceived and coordinated the present study RF revised the morphological description and leaded the historical review of species synonyms and EM collected some samples and revised the manuscript This study was funded by the project LIFE IP INTEMARES coordinated by the Biodiversity Foundation of the Ministry for the Ecological Transition and the Demographic Challenge It receives financial support from the European Union’s LIFE programme (LIFE15 IPE ES 012) SR-A was supported by a postdoctoral contract co-funded by the Regional Government of the Balearic Islands and the European Social Fund The MEDITS surveys are co-funded by the European Union through the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund (EMFF) management and use of data in the fisheries sector and support for scientific advice regarding the Common Fisheries Policy The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher Kunig to help in the collection of samples and Francisco Sanchez and M Iglesias for providing us with specialized bibliography We would also like to thank Societat de Història Natural de les Illes Balears (MNIB) and A Pons for lending us the Coris samples as well as the Marine Fauna Collection of the Instituto Español de Oceanografía in the Centro Oceanográfico de Málaga and Lourdes Fernández and Francisca Salmeron for their help with samples storage We would also further like to thank all the participants in the MEDITS surveys Phylogeography of Indo-Pacific reef fishes: sister wrasses Coris gaimard and C Mechanosensation is evolutionary turned to locomotor mechanics Google Scholar On the phylogenetic affinities of Centrolabrus trutta and Centrolabrus caeruleus (Perciformes: Labridae) to the genus Symphodus: molecular Glacial cycles as an allopatric speciation pump in north-eastern American freshwater fishes Phylogenetic relationship sand evolution of cleaning behavior in the family Labridae: importance of body colour pattern In Quibus Systema Totum Ichthyologiæ Proponitus Cum Classibus Google Scholar Synonymia Nominum Piscium Fere Omnium; 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Lamb and yogurt are two typical ingredients in the cuisine of Israel’s approximately 145,000 Druze Arabs.  But because mixing meat and milk in the same dish is forbidden to Jews according to the Torah’s kosher laws, Druze restaurateur Basma Hino is now using vegan yogurt and labneh in the classic dishes offered in her Noor Restaurant and Café in the Western Galilee village of Julis The reason she went to the trouble and expense of turning her restaurant kosher is to feed IDF soldiers stationed in the north The Druze, who practice a monotheistic religion, are concentrated mainly in villages of the Galilee and Golan Heights. They are patriotic Israeli citizens and serve in the military received a brain injury during his reserve army service in 2002 Marcel remained in a coma for 13 years before succumbing to his wounds “Basma is very untraditional for the Druze community,” says Uri Arnold the restaurant’s business consultant as well as Hino’s longtime friend and spokesperson to the press.  a widow sits at home and isn’t allowed to work But Basma decided five years ago to get up and go out and open a business It must have raised even more eyebrows when Hino decided to seek kosher certification Hino cooked and delivered meals to her late husband’s reserve unit that had been activated in the area “She saw that half the soldiers didn’t eat because the food was not kosher,” Arnold says Refusing to accept that “even one soldier will not touch my food,” Hino said “And I did it with pride,” she added in an interview with a local TV station With temporary rabbinic certification for prepacked meals Hino began cooking for IDF soldiers every Monday and also providing free meals to civilian evacuees she saw the love from the people and the soldiers and decided to become kosher permanently This is very unusual for a Druze restaurant,” says Arnold.  “I owned a few kosher restaurants and I helped her as a mentor in the process,” he adds Under the supervision of a team from Rabbanut L’Kashrut Artzit a branch of the national rabbinate that serves Arab villages and other areas without an organized local rabbinate hired two Jewish cooks and agreed to buy only kosher-certified ingredients.  Noor’s kosher certificate was hung with great fanfare on January 2 Arnold says the Noor menu really didn’t change The kitchen still serves classic Druze dishes such as mansaf a mountain of rice topped with lamb; shish barak an Arab meat ravioli with hot yogurt sauce; and kubbeh nayyeh It’s just that the dairy ingredients have been switched out for vegan substitutes and the meat is purchased from a kosher supplier “The situation in the north is scary,” says Arnold WASHINGTON — The United States said on Sunday it will send to Israel an advanced anti-missile system — and U.S troops to operate it — in a bid to bolster the country's air defenses following missile attacks by Iran President Joe Biden said he was sending the system "to defend Israel." Pentagon spokesperson Pat Ryder said the deployment of a Terminal High-Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) battery would augment Israel's integrated air defense system "It is part of the broader adjustments the U.S to support the defense of Israel and protect Americans from attacks by Iran and Iranian-aligned militias," Ryder said in a statement Iran's Foreign Minister Abbas Araqchi warned earlier on Sunday that the United States was putting the lives of its troops "at risk by deploying them to operate U.S "While we have made tremendous efforts in recent days to contain an all-out war in our region I say it clearly that we have no red lines in defending our people and interests," Araqchi posted on X Iran launched missiles and drones at Israel in April Iran fired more than 180 ballistic missiles at Israel amid an escalation in fighting between Israel and Iran-backed Hezbollah in Lebanon Many were intercepted in flight but some penetrated missile defenses Auburn forward Chad Baker-Mazara has been named to the 'Julis Erving Award' watch list ahead of the 2024-2025 season which recognizes the best small forward in college basketball The committee named 20 college basketball small forwards to its preseason watch list on Wednesday and Kentucky graduate transfer Jaxson Robinson make up the four players representing the SEC on the watch list Duke freshman phenom and likely first overall NBA Draftee Cooper Flagg was also tabbed in the exclusive list of 20 players Baker-Mazara is coming off a terrific opening season on the Plains The 24-year-old was one of three Tigers to average double-digit points (10.0) and he finished among the team leaders in assists Baker-Mazara's 1.5 blocks and steals per game was second on the team Dominican Republic native is primed for an even bigger role in head coach Bruce Pearl's rotation this season With Auburn's second leading scorer from a year ago Baker-Mazara should see an increased role on the offensive end of the floor If he can continue filling the stat-sheet while turning those new opportunities into buckets the senior should finish among the finalists for the 'Julis Erving Award' Baker-Mazara will surely have bigger things on his mind when the Tigers open up the season especially after his junior year ended prematurely due to an NCAA Tournament ejection Auburn's quest to make a deep run into March begins on Wednesday November 6 at Neville Arena against Vermont Site developed by     Copyright © Yedioth Internet From the start of his tenure as President of Yeshiva University Ari Berman has shaped the university around its core values empowering it with the mission of elevating our nation and broader society.  Rabbi Berman and YU benefactor Mitch Julis launched a cornerstone project to build a coalition of educational institutions and create curricula to root the American story in the narrative of its central texts and values Like the Israelites amidst their desert wanderings in the Book of Exodus the American people are able to surpass their faults in fulfillment of their covenantal ideals to commit to the American covenant is to commit to the idea that people—and nations—can change for the better doctoral fellow at the Azrieli Graduate School utilizing Lincoln’s second inaugural address and Rabbi Lord Jonathan Sacks' writings on shame vs presented pedagogical tools and methods for participants to apply in their own classrooms focusing on how students might consider to what extent we are governed by the mistakes of the past how political and social movements can serve as a means of fulfilling covenantal possibilities and how Jewish law views atonement and redemption The conference had participants break up into small groups to explore Jewish and American sources relating to Divine Providence in Jewish and American History McClay examined why knowledge of religion should be a part of a standard education for all Americans and why a faith-based education should include an acquaintance with American history His answers included "the foundational argument," which the animating spirit of the American Founders and the constitutional order they devised and instituted. The Founders had diverse views about a variety of matters very much including their own personal religious convictions but they were in complete and emphatic agreement about one thing: the inescapable importance of religion and of the active encouragement of religious belief for the success of the American experiment." He also argued that "the national purpose rightly understood ought to seek not to undermine particular affinities or purposes Hence a faith-based account of the national history will include its ability to embrace pluralism." Furthermore the American civil religion also draws upon sources of moral authority that transcend the state and are capable of holding the state accountable to a standard higher than itself." Danton Kostandarithes teacher education fellow at the Jack Miller Center offered a pedagogical perspective on the themes of Dr with one sample lesson showing how the very architecture of houses of worship reflect particular faith communities' religious ideals and spiritual leadership and another focusing on religious freedom and the courts an online repository of citations of the Bible in American newspapers over the past 200 years a priceless tool for both educators and anyone interested in the Bible’s reception history in the United States the video is a visually engaging portal of entry into the surprising and inspiring role the ancient Jewish queen has played Shaina Trapedo then presented a talk on Psalms and the American Founding recounting the incredible story of the Bay Psalm Book the first book printed in colonial America She traced the enduring influence of Psalms on English literature noting how great poets from Shakespeare to Wordsworth drew inspiration from King David’s ancient verse and rhyme.  chair of the history department at Manhattan High School for Girls offered a model lesson centered on a collection of letters exchanged between founding fathers Thomas Jefferson and John Adams which showcased their intimate familiarity with Jewish texts and sources while Adams bemoans the burning of the Talmud in France during the Middle Ages Best-selling presidential historian and former deputy secretary of health and human services Dr Tevi Troy offered an engaging presentation on American presidents' relationship with the Bible including Jimmy Carter’s teaching Sunday school for decades Harry Truman’s touting his early support of the State of Israel by proclaiming “I am Cyrus” (a reference to the Persian king mentioned in the Bible) and George W Bush’s habit of completing reading the Bible once a year Troy noted that even in today’s polarized age presidents from both sides of the aisle continue to cite the Bible in both inaugural addresses and major public addresses then had attendees break up into small groups to explore Jewish and American sources relating to Divine Providence in Jewish and American History a fascinatingly rich exercise that paired a diverse group of learners (one study group featured a YU administrator a public-school curriculum design specialist from Tennessee and a Bible professor and former pastor from a Christian college) The second keynote conversation featured Dr director of the Center for Hebraic Thought at King’s College director of American Studies at Christopher Newport University The panel examined how the Bible might be used as a source of American reconciliation during divided times Johnson noted the standard pattern in scripture of biblical heroes acknowledging their mistakes and argued that Americans should similarly learn to acknowledge problematic episodes in their collective past as a part of the ever-progressing tapestry of American history a member of the White House’s committee planning America’s 250th-anniversary celebration it is imperative that Americans identify and emphasize those shared notions and principles which bind them together despite their differences Following a dinner-time screening of OpenDor Media’s other new video (a planned four in conjunction with the Restoring the American Story project) centered upon the Exodus as America’s unifying national narrative and released in advance of Passover Dov Lerner closed the conference with "John Milton in America." Lerner offered a presentation of Milton’s usage of the Greco-Roman epic style to subvert the pagan cosmological hierarchy which grades mortals according to their power and pedigree in his opus Paradise Lost, protagonists who are tested by their internal spiritual struggles This shift of focus onto the individual’s internal struggle paved the way toward the revolutionary notion that all men are created equal.  The conference proceedings Please email us at publicaffairs@yu.edu Copyright © 2023 | Yeshiva University News | Editor Login | Privacy Policy Investment executive and private investor Mitchell R Julis has made a gift to Harvard Law School to establish the Julis-Rabinowitz Program in Jewish and Israeli Law Julis received a joint JD/MBA degree from Harvard Law School The program is named in honor of his father and mother Maurice Ralph Julis and Thelma Rabinowitz Julis Noah Feldman the Felix Frankfurter Professor of Law at HLS and one of the nation’s leading public intellectuals will serve as the program’s inaugural director Morgan and Helen Chu Dean and Professor at Harvard Law School Jewish law has made profound contributions to legal thought and practice and it remains vibrant and relevant around the world the Julis Family has created significant new opportunities for our community to explore this living legal tradition as well as the laws and legal discourse of a nation which shares the same roots and many new branches This program will model the standards of excellence and rigorous analysis that are the hallmark of the Law School while affording terrific new opportunities for our community and beyond grandparents and relatives made sure that the rich heritage of Judaism were consistent parts of our spiritual and intellectual growth This gift to Harvard Law School is in deep gratitude and love for the gift of heritage our families gave us and which we have strived to give to our children my career as an investment professional benefitted greatly from my time at Harvard Law School and the wisdom and mentorship of the late Professor Vern Countryman (a specialist in commercial law Joleen and I know that Harvard Law School is an ideal place for a full and open and civil discussion of the multiple views and issues in Jewish and Israeli law and our family is privileged to support the scholars and students who will build on this knowledge going forward.” The mission of this interdisciplinary research program will be to explore the structure and real-world effects of Jewish and Israeli law The program will appoint visiting scholars and post-doctoral fellows; conduct courses and reading groups for students with advanced knowledge of traditional Jewish legal texts; develop opportunities to enhance communications gatherings and information sharing on the Law School campus and beyond; host an annual conference; and organize lectures at Harvard and in the broader Boston and Cambridge communities on topics related to the impact and study of Jewish law in Israel Feldman, a scholar specializing in constitutional studies, has extensively studied and written about the relationship between law and religion in Islam, Judaism, and U.S. law. He speaks Hebrew and Arabic and earned his undergraduate and doctoral degrees in Near Eastern studies. Feldman joined the Harvard Law School faculty in 2006, is the author of seven books on law and policy, and writes a column for Bloomberg View he has joined other members of the Law School and University faculty and visiting scholars in offering courses on advanced Jewish legal topics including “Custom and Legal Authority” and “The Other and the Enemy in Jewish Law.” These courses bring together students from the Law School and many other Harvard graduate programs to deepen the academic study of Jewish law “Jewish law and Israeli law are distinct and different yet they also interact and make claims on each other It makes sense to study them both in the same program even as we study them independently,” said Feldman “The support of Mitch and Joleen Julis and their family for this important work is a marker of foresight in encouraging deeper scholarly understanding of crucial topics in the Jewish past and present we hope over time to make Harvard Law School into a national and international leader in the study and analysis of Jewish and Israeli law from a broad array of scholarly perspectives The generous gift gives us a broad ambit to bring in a wide range of voices to explore these fascinating and rich topics from all sides.” Harvard Law School provides unparalleled opportunities to study law with extraordinary colleagues in a rigorous Harvard University © 2022 The President and Fellows of Harvard College '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0 location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null "\/liveblog_entry\/idf-shows-reporters-remains-of-massive-intercepted-iranian-ballistic-missile\/?__cf_chl_rt_tk=tpOBOvLYNBcnwSXCQfzVrwrFgLF_WGyXh5C.WZanVJA-1746498437-1.0.1.1-tZjVCotWCSObJlvIGbMEcc2k.kvAcJIxSbzm5Mki1qE" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}()); Inaugural director discusses program aspirations Thanks to a gift from Mitchell R. Julis ’81, HLS has established the Julis-Rabinowitz Program on Jewish and Israeli Law, which held its inaugural event on November 8 (see video below). The program, which will host visiting scholars and fellows and feature courses and conferences, is led by Noah Feldman He spoke recently about the scope of Jewish law What is your vision for how you’d like to see the program develop I’d like us to be able to explore some of the most rich and interesting problems in Jewish legal thought and also in contemporary Israeli legal politics from a serious scholarly perspective that embraces every subject and every perspective with a kind of calm that isn’t already brought to these issues how does that contrast with the sentiment that’s typically brought to these issues there are rich and interesting differences between Jewish denominations and sometimes those differences can get heated But I’m interested in studying the problems and debates from an open-minded So I’m interested in the progressive thought of the Reform and Reconstructionist Jews and in the middle ground of Conservative Judaism and also in traditional Orthodox Judaism and Haredi or what’s sometimes called ultra-Orthodox Judaism I’m interested in all of these subjects and also engagements between them So the topic of women rabbis remains an interesting and contentious one in some parts of the Jewish community while being totally accepted in other parts of the Jewish community That’s a perfect example.  And when it comes to Israel the Israeli legal system is inevitably enmeshed in Israeli politics and life especially questions that are unique to Israel inevitably touches on important and potentially controversial questions: Israel as a Jewish and democratic state; the status of law in the occupied territories Judea and Samaria; the status of the Temple Mount which we’re going to hold a conference on in the future These are topics that are tremendously important deeply legal but also capable of generating the kind of controversy that produces more heat than light and our goal is to explore all these things from a scholarly perspective in a way that lowers the temperature and enables calm What partnerships would you like to explore So we’re interested in historical perspectives potentially we could even be interested in economic perspectives which I think is an important aspect of legal thought today That’s just a smattering of the interdisciplinary connections How will students be involved in the program They should have a wide range of opportunities There will be seminars; there will be regular intellectual events that reach out to students Some students have already worked as researchers for the center working on research projects that are connected to Jewish law How will it benefit students to study Jewish law It’s important to remember that although we are a professional school not everything you learn in law school is oriented primarily to your legal practice.  There is such a thing as knowledge of the law for the sake of its own interest and value We already have students in our classes and seminars from a wide range of different religious backgrounds students who’ve come from abroad and are studying in other countries for many people that’s an ongoing part of their intellectual engagement with the law and that remains a part of them in their legal careers.  When it comes to the Israel-related questions the program should be extremely useful for those who want to practice in the Middle East or who are interested in the peace process and in efforts to produce Middle Eastern or other peace What is the relationship between Jewish and Islamic law Those are two traditions that legally from the foundations of Islam have been pretty powerfully and deeply intertwined Important Jewish legal figures like Moses Maimonides were knowledgeable about Islamic law and they studied Islamic law in certain respects and in other ways they tried to distinguish Jewish law from Islamic law and they engaged in polemics against Islam There was a very deep and complex relationship in that way I would describe it as mutual influence and mutual distancing What do you see as the impact of Jewish law Jewish law remains a vibrant part of the lives of many Jews all over the world And that includes for almost all Jews questions of belonging and identity It includes marriage and that leads to the question as well of gay rights and equality for gay people it leads to questions of transgender identity and transgender rights traditional Jewish law also affects financial transactions if they enter into private agreements to litigate contractual or damage issues in a Jewish legal court which many countries allow as a form of arbitration And of course there’s also a tremendously rich historical legacy of Jewish law going back a couple of thousands of years That’s also an important part of what we’re studying What sparked your own interest in Jewish law I was lucky enough to have a traditional Jewish legal education and continued to study Jewish legal theory and Jewish law both as an undergraduate and also during my doctoral work at Oxford in juxtaposition to Islamic law as well So it’s always been a topic in which I’ve been interested and I’ve published intermittently on the topic over the course of my academic life It’s been a topic deeply engaging to me for as long as I remember and I remain deeply engaged in it it’s a set of some of the most fascinating and rich topics that one could imagine the Julis-Rabinowitz Program on Jewish and Israeli Law at Harvard Law School held its inaugural event a series of talks and panels featuring scholars of the subject Featured below is video of the entire event. For additional information, visit http://hls.harvard.edu/event/inaugural-event-for-the-julis-rabinowitz-program-on-jewish-and-israeli-law-at-hls/ the Julis-Rabinowitz Program on Jewish and Israeli Law at Harvard Law School kicked off its inaugural event with a daylong conference on Jewish and Israeli law Felix Frankfurter Professor of Law at Harvard Law School and the director of The Julis-Rabinowitz Program in Jewish and Israeli Law at Harvard Law School introduced the program and the conference’s first speaker and Sophia Taubman Professor of Talmudic Culture Departments of Near Eastern Studies and Rhetoric at University of California Boyarin delivered a talk on “Nomos as Torah: Is there Jewish Law?”  Christine Hayes Weis Professor of Religious Studies in Classical Judaica at Yale University  presented a talk on “Divining the Law: Jews and Greeks and the Search for Solid Ground.” A Conversation on “Jewish and Democratic/Democratic and Muslim: Israel and Tunisia in Perspective” featuring Ruth Gavison Cohn Professor emerita of Human Rights at the Faculty of Law at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Malika Zeghal Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Professor of Contemporary Islamic Thought and Life at Harvard University The discussion was part of the inaugural conference for the Julis-Rabinowitz Program on Jewish and Israeli Law at HLS Felix Frankfurter Professor of Law at Harvard Law School and Director of The Julis-Rabinowitz Program in Jewish and Israeli Law at Harvard Law School "\/liveblog_entry\/idf-spokesman-says-iran-wont-get-off-scot-free-after-drone-missile-attack\/?__cf_chl_rt_tk=Y_WYQiJP1gjevLXnjnXEG4ua.ogy.46KQ8lZxJ3el2Y-1746498450-1.0.1.1-fOyqvybLlHz0JCusBgEO.R4LVfK6JdVMzd_w_xPmMYo" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null Villages-News.com A woman determined to be the “primary aggressor” in a physical battle with her man friend, admitted to law enforcement that they were “too old” for that type of behavior. Julis Crusaw, 63, was arrested on charge of domestic battery Dec. 30 after leaving fresh scratches on the back, right collar bone and shoulder of her man friend, according to an arrest report from the Sumter County Sheriff’s Office. She admitted she scratched him during a physical altercation. Crusaw said that she and her man friend “should not be engaging in a physical altercation as they’re too old for that.” She was determined to be the primary aggressor. She was taken into custody and booked at the Sumter County Detention Center where she was initially held without bond. Volume 8 - 2021 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.695100 This article is part of the Research TopicSociality in the Marine EnvironmentView all 14 articles A key aspect of understanding social interactions in marine animals is determining whether individuals freely interact in fission-fusion groups Territoriality can influence access to mates as the delineation of marine protected areas relies on knowledge of home ranges and movement patterns accurately determining distribution and movement is challenging for many marine species which cannot carry beacons or tags to automatically measure movement and are also difficult for human observers to accurately follow Yet these smaller species comprise the bulk of near-shore assemblages novel solutions for monitoring movement and behavior are required Here we use a combination of tracking and environmental reconstruction to explore territoriality explicitly applying this technique to questions of sociality in the marine environment but this approach can be extended to many other species and contexts In contrast with previous reports for this species we find that during our observation period julis occupy consistent territories over sand patches and that they defend these territories against same-sex conspecifics Displacement experiments revealed two further important social behavioral traits – first that displaced individuals were able to navigate back to their territory avoiding almost all other female territories as they returned Second that when displaced fish approached the territories of others residents of these territories were often aggressive to the non-neighboring fish in contrast with our observations of low aggression counts toward their natural neighbors Resident fish therefore appear to show differing levels of aggressiveness depending on their social relationship with same-sex conspecifics these results suggest a sophisticated degree of social behavior in this marine wrasse dependent on social and structural environment but which can only effectively be revealed by state-of-the-art tracking and environment reconstruction techniques the Mediterranean rainbow wrasse (Coris julis) This study provides a demonstration of the potential for this type of approach to generate unprecedented quantitative insight into the behavior and movement of a class of marine vertebrates that was previously inaccessible to modern tracking approaches Males defend their territories because of the benefit of having multiple mates living in their home range we combine both of these focal resident models by collecting information on direct neighbor interactions as well as interactions with unfamiliar conspecifics julis will show territorial defense and have home ranges because secondary males are territorial and are assumed to defend female harems we use a novel method for underwater animal tracking to measure the home ranges of female C to test their spatial memory and their tendency to stay within their home ranges we displaced focal fish from their territories and observed if and how they returned to their original putative territories All experiments were conducted by scuba diving at the STARESO Field Station, Calvi, France from mid-June to mid-July 2019 at two sandy patches embedded in a P. oceanica seagrass bed (see Figure 1A) These patches were located approximately 100 m from the coast (42°34′48.4″N 8°43′31.8″E) spanning an area of 261 m2 with 60.4 m as the longest side (north-to-south) (A) Satellite image of the STARESO bay near Calvi on Corsica The dashed rectangle (b) marks the location of the experimental area the two sandy patches embedded in a Posidonia oceanica seagrass bed (B) Dense SfM reconstruction of the sandy patches (C) Detailed 3D view of the environmental reconstruction [the dashed rectangle marked as (c) in panel (B)] with the triangulated positions of Coris julis 3 the individuals were released at the location of capture At no point were the fish removed from the water (nor their depth changed) and all procedures were conducted in accordance with the STARESO field station’s general scientific permit This setup ensured that the disturbance of the focal fish by the diver was minimized a video covering the sandy patches was recorded using the same setup for spatial reference In these observations, the female C. julis appeared to have defined home ranges. To further analyse their territorial behavior, each fish was captured, placed inside a transparent container (Supplementary Figures 1B,C) and displaced between 30 to 40 m from its roughly estimated core area to the core area of another tagged individual The behavioral responses of the resident C julis toward the displaced fish were recorded for 5 min the displaced fish were released and recorded by a diver with the stereo-camera setup until they entered their respective home range In addition to the reconstruction of environmental features SfM also estimated camera positions and orientations for each of the extracted video frames This resulted in one reconstruction for each tracking observation all referenced within the reconstruction of the sandy patch we used COLMAP to merge all reconstructions into a single one that was then used to triangulate 3D fish trajectories For an overview of trajectory completeness we calculated the track coverage of each trajectory as the percentage of successfully triangulated 3D positions the same ethogram was used to analyse the interactions of territory holders and displaced fish the paths of all individuals returning to their home ranges from the release locations of respective displacement trials were manually estimated on the map of the sandy patches based on observations and key features recognized in the video as well as the “beeline” (the Euclidean distance between release and arrival locations) and the shortest distance through the sandy patch (following a path consisting of linear segments between the release and arrival location the interactions between the released fish and any other C Ethogram of Coris julis with behaviors and respective descriptions Using this data, we conducted a series of statistical analyses. First, we tested whether the standard length of a fish has an effect on the size of its home range area (UD95) or core area (UD50). Next, we tested if the fraction of UD95 and UD50 that an individual shares with neighbors is dependent on the difference in their body lengths. For both tests, we used linear models in R (Zeileis and Hothorn, 2002) The parametric assumptions were tested using the Shapiro-Wilk (for normality of residuals) and the Breusch-Pagan test (for homoscedasticity) If the model did not meet the parametric assumptions All proportional data (area overlaps) was logit-transformed equivalent models were used to test two behavioral hypotheses: (1) the body size difference between the resident and displaced fish affects the aggression presented by the resident individual and (2) the frequency of the territory holder’s aggression toward the displaced intruder is dependent on the size of its home range or core area (UD95 and UD50) we modeled the behavior frequency as the response dividing the count of observed behaviors by the time the resident fish showed attention toward the displaced individual julis traveled a significantly longer distance than the beeline or the shortest way through the sandy patches avoiding the territories of other individuals located in the patches After testing that the differences of the sample pairs are normally distributed using the Shapiro-Wilk test we used paired t-tests to compare the path length to the beeline and the shortest way through the sandy patch (A) All Coris julis locations embedded in the reconstruction of the sandy patches The dashed outline represents a contour approximation of the sandy patches that was used to estimate the size of this area (B) UD95 (light areas) and UD50 (darker areas) contours of each fish (C) Effect of standard body length on UD area (D) Effect of body length differences on the shared UD areas (shared fraction of focal fish area) (C,D) Solid lines represent non-significant model fits (A) Effect of resident fish size on the frequency of aggressive behaviors toward the presented intruder (B) Effect of the size difference between resident and presented fish on the frequency of aggressive behaviors respectively) on the frequency of aggressive behaviors (both overt and restrained) (A–D): Solid lines represent non-significant model fits (E) Visualization of UD95 contours (gray areas) with the locations of behavioral interactions of fish during the tracking observations N = 9; shortest path on sand: p < 0.001 (A) Estimated paths of Coris julis after their release at the locations of the displacement experiments The paths start with the dashed and end with the solid lines Shaded areas represent the UD50 contours of each fish with the colored area marking the core area of the displaced individual Coris julis 10 was lost directly after its release Note that visualizations were rotated 90°counter-clockwise (B) Distances of the “beeline” (the Euclidean distance between the points of release and arrival) the shortest path on the sand (a path consisting of linear segments bounded within the sandy patch) providing further suggestions of long-term fixed territories in females of this species Structure-from-motion relies on a static background with detectable keypoints and it is possible there was moving debris in this location only 2.6% and 0.74% of the adjacent territories did not get reconstructed so this spot is either not habitable or already occupied by an individual that was not tagged and filmed cleaning was observed in almost every territory and the spatial relationships between cleaning territories and potential “cleaning stations” should be addressed in further research territories of initial phase males vary between 5 and 10 m2 which is in the range of area sizes that we estimated as territories (UD50 we used a novel method to test for territoriality and to measure home ranges and territories in a highly quantitative manner based on video recordings and individual tracking and that none of the observed fish changed its location throughout three consecutive trials in the course of seven days demonstrating high site-specificity in this period It is possible that at other periods of the day this species has different distributions for example outside of breeding periods a possibility requiring further research attention Interactions with neighbors were mostly non-aggressive but territory holders defended their area against potential settlers individuals immediately returned to their original territory mostly avoiding territories of other individuals When they did enter the territory of other individuals julis defended territories in sandy areas because they monopolize food resources and their presumed resting sites julis during our observations suggests that they form harems in the broader territories of males These two aspects are fruitful avenues for future research on how female C julis use the habitat within their home ranges and which resources they defend inside their territories When including other habitat types such as rocky reefs and considering the context of male territoriality follow-up experiments could provide an in-depth description of the mating homing and territorial behavior of one of the abundant species in the Mediterranean Sea using these approaches quantitative study of social interactions and movement in a small marine fish reveals the insight that can be gained in previously understudied systems contributing further understanding species social systems The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/Supplementary Material further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author Ethical review and approval was not required for the animal study because all research was conducted under the general scientific permit of the STARESO Marine Station and AJ designed experiments and wrote the manuscript ZG performed experiments and filming in the field ZG and PN performed tracking and performed statistical analysis All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version This research was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG German Research Foundation) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy – EXC 2117 – 422037984 and by the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior We thank members of the Jordan lab for many fruitful discussions and Karina Weiler for their assistance in the field We also thank the staff at STARESO Marine Station for kindly supporting our research in the field The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.695100/full#supplementary-material Approaches to the study of territory size and shape doi: 10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.32.081501.114034 CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar Ecology and social behaviour of Mongolian gerbils CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar Dear enemies elicit lower androgen responses to territorial challenges than unfamiliar intruders in a cichlid fish mirror on the wall: the predictive value of mirror tests for measuring aggression in fish Further investigations into sex reversal of Coris julis L CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar Cleaning activity among 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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) *Correspondence: Alex Jordan, YWpvcmRhbkBhYi5tcGcuZGU= Community Safety Department Director To Resign Amid Tension With Cambridge Police Department From Lab to Startup: Harvard’s Office of Technology Development Paves the Way for Research Commercialization People’s Forum on Graduation Readiness Held After Vote to Eliminate MCAS 8 Takeaways From Harvard’s Task Force Reports Harvard Law School has established a program in Jewish and Israeli law after a gift from hedge fund manager Mitchell R a graduate of the Law School and Harvard Business School officially titled the Julis-Rabinowitz Program in Jewish and Israeli Law a Harvard Law professor who specializes in constitutional studies will serve as the inaugural director of the program which will appoint visiting scholars and post-doctoral fellows did not disclose the amount of Julis’s gift the Julis family has created significant new opportunities for our community to explore this living legal tradition as well as the laws and legal discourse of a nation which shares the same roots and many new branches,” Dean of the Law School Martha L Julis pointed to his family’s Jewish heritage and the value of his time at the Law School as his rationale for donating He named the program after his mother and father and their families “I know that Harvard Law School is an ideal place for a full and open and civil discussion of the multiple views and issues in Jewish and Israeli law,” Julis said in the statement The Law School had already rasied $241 million raised by the campaign’s public launch on Oct —Staff writer Andrew M. Duehren can be reached at andy.duehren@thecrimson.com. Follow him on Twitter @aduehren. Want to keep up with breaking news? Subscribe to our email newsletter. Simpson International buildings at Princeton were designed by KPMB Architects and recognized with the Ontario Association of Architects Award in 2018 Shown is the entrance facing Washington Road The project repurposed the former Frick Chemistry Laboratory.  Simpson International buildings at Princeton University have won a 2018 Design Excellence Award from the Ontario Association of Architects (OAA) According to the OAA announcement the winners “represent Ontario’s best emerging talent and some of the provinces most established architecture practices.” The 20 finalists were judged on a number or criteria The building project at 20 Washington Road repurposed the former Frick Chemistry Laboratory it centrally houses economics and international program offices that had been spread across campus.  Each of the building’s two major sections have a distinct architectural identity and its own entrance The structure’s interior was renovated extensively while the historic character of the exterior of the original building and interior spaces were preserved. The 200,000-square-foot structure feature new classrooms This adjoining corridor highlights the integration of old and new.  The OAA noted: “The adaptive reuse design solution reimagined the former monolithic Gothic-style building as a beautiful learning environment within a system of public gathering spaces and pedestrian networks The design and expression oscillate between historic preservation and contemporary interventions The courtyards characterizing Princeton’s campus are reinterpreted in a series of light-filled atria “The structural linkage to the past with contemporary responses presents core lessons in preservation as placemaking It also speaks to interdisciplinary collaboration versus self-contained silos for improving the human condition The diversity of interconnected spaces has catalyzed new levels of collaboration between scholars further cultivating their relationships and understanding of their fields of work.”  the ‘perpetual storytelling appartus’ by german artists julius von bismarck and benjamin maus is a machine that draws a never-ending string of patent drawings into an illustrative narrative with an archive of over 7 million drawings and 22 million references the apparatus translates text into relevant creating a form of subtext by finding possible similarities between arbitary patents what emerges is a interwoven story of visual and technical development AXOR presents three bathroom concepts that are not merely places of function but destinations in themselves — sanctuaries of style please click the box below to let us know you're not a robot Get the most important global markets news at your fingertips with a Bloomberg.com subscription This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks The action you just performed triggered the security solution There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page One hedge fund manager’s lack of attachment to material things is another lucky rich person’s $43 million discount. A hedge fund manager has found a buyer for his ‘Temple of Zen’ on New York’s Billionaire's avenue - after slashing a whopping $43million off the asking price… originally listed the five-bedroom 79th story home for $135million in September 2021 Hey, it could have been worse, as Julis’ fellow hedge-fund manager Steve Cohen could tell him at length The $92million sale reported by streeteasy.com would still be one of the biggest of the year and nets Julis a profit on the $59million he paid in 2016 Billionaire Row home at 432 Park Avenue bought for $92million after hedge fund owner Mitch Julis knocks a third off the asking price for his 'Temple of Zen' [Daily Mail] but times are tough and it has been six years because his daughter’s down $2.5 million on Manhattan real estate this half-decade but we’ll read whatever we like into that “no comment.” like the one for a place to live in Manhattan Integrated planning is a sustainable approach to planning that builds relationships The SCUP community opens a whole world of integrated planning resources SCUP Exchange: A member-only digital platform for collaboration and knowledge sharing Check it Out Economics faculty were housed in six buildings across campus The International Initiatives were also dispersed across campus The development of the Economic and International Building brought together 15 units from 10 buildings across campus facilitating collaboration as well as providing a single location supporting study This project reinforces Princeton University’s commitment to evolving its physical campus through the preservation and adaptive reuse of its existing resources to continuously foster scholarly and collegial exchange It involved the reimagination of a heritage landmark and its later additions as an interdisciplinary research and learning hub for the Department of Economics and a series of international programs A priority was to give each program its own identity within the whole This was achieved by giving each department its own space and entrance To transform the monolithic Collegiate Gothic style building into an inviting destination and vibrant hub the design was conceived as a microcosm of Princeton’s campus The courtyards and quadrangles that characterize Princeton’s campus are reinterpreted in a series of light-filled atria and generous hallways that invite gathering and repose between study and research This project took a historically significant building and transformed it for a new use The structure’s interior was renovated extensively while the historic character of the exterior of the building and of some primary interior spaces such as the entry and the second-floor library One of the greatest challenges was to build consensus between two very different stakeholder groups—the introverted Departments of Economics and the extroverted Institute for International and Regional Studies and a total of fifteen units which had never worked together Step foot inside the new Weickart Atrium from Scudder Plaza and you’ll experience classic Princeton University gothic architecture paired with distinctly modern beauty The new atrium bridges the Julis Romo Rabinowitz and Simpson International buildings which were previously a single building — the former Frick Chemistry Laboratory — at 20 Washington Road And while the architectural design ties the two buildings together physically it’s the unique three-story mosaic lining the staircase that ties them conceptually have been leading the campus initiative to define new and existing spaces through public art “Our goal in selecting the artists and defining the artwork begins with conversations with the users of these buildings,” McCoy said adding that it’s “not about style or particular artists What they aspire to [and] what kind of art might resonate with their sense of identity or their mission?” is installed in the first-floor lounge of the Julis Romo Rabinowitz Building which houses economics and finance departments and centers Sikander’s first major public art commissions have become defining works for each of the buildings McCoy said the University decided on “an artist that represents a more global perspective.” Such an outlook is “a factor in the world of economics and it’s an important factor in the world of international initiatives Shahzia represents a diverse perspective in terms of the campus collections but also one that fits the mission of the economics and international initiatives departments.” The Sikander pieces are now part of the art museum’s campus collections one of the most significant public art collections in the United States including masterworks by dozens of major artists New NJ-8 congressman names Jeremy Julis as district director Michael Zhadanovsky as communications director Menendez (D-Jersey City) has picked an aide to House Majority Leader Steny Hoyer to serve as his chief of Staff Claudia Urrabazo-Beckelman has spent over fourteen years working on Capitol Hill Joaquin Castro (D-Texas) and as a senior legislative assistant to Rep She joined Hoyer’s staff in 2016 and was  the deputy director of member services and senior advisor in the Majority Leader’s office “Claudia has a well-earned reputation on the Hill as an experienced and I look forward to working with her in the years ahead for the benefit of our district Menendez has also hired Jeremy Julis as his district director and Michael Zhadanovsky as his communications director Senator Bob Menendez for seven years as the director of constituent services Jeremy has earned a reputation as one of the best constituent services providers in our state and I know that our constituents will be the better for his dedication and his work,” the congressman-elect from New Jersey’s 8th district said Phil Murphy from 2019 to 2022 and left his job as deputy press secretary in March to serve as communications director for Menendez’s congressional campaign  Sires gave up the congressional seat he held for sixteen years and is expected to run for mayor of West New York next year He has already won a seat on the influential House Democratic Steering and Policy Committee and was named House Minority Regional Whip for the Mid-Atlantic states Volatile Macro Fund Haidar Leads Peers With Double-Digit Gain Managers’ Bullish Outlooks Remain — But the Price of Gold Is Telling a Different Story Five Things to Watch in Energy Markets in 2025 Mega Hedge Fund Launches Are Rare — and Don’t Ensure Lasting Success Investors’ Concerns About Instability Rise Greenland Noise Could Spur Push for More Favorable Investing Policies There’s a Trump Bump for Short Sellers — At Least in One Sector Model Portfolios to Deliver Alternative Asset Exposure Open Architecture and Next-Gen Technology Help Support Model Delivery Maximizing Impact: The Role of TAMP Selection in Effective Investment Distribution What API and EIA Data Reveal About Crude Oil Markets Model Portfolios Simplify Wealth Managers’ Messaging with Clients Podcast: Exploring Options and Options-based Investing Strategies Methanol Gains Traction as an Alternative Energy Source Private Markets Investment Outlook Q2 2025: Opportunities Amid Uncertainty VC Is Down — But Private Placements for Post-IPO Companies Are Up Big Allocators Double Down on Private Credit Amid Market Volatility Upheaval “Will Create Compelling Investment Opportunities” — But That Time Is Not Now Yale’s Potential PE Sale Won’t Solve Liquidity Challenges More Deals May Be in the Works as Wilshire Names New CEO Expert Perspectives: C-Suite Insights from II’s Exclusive Forums Venture Must Move Past the ‘IPO or Bust’ Mentality Allspring Chooses CEO With Expertise in ‘Tech and Ops’ as Manager Preps for Growth Allocators: Do the Benefits of AI Really Outweigh the Costs Walton Family Consolidates Investment Offices Under Sole CIO Knight Brings Its $2.6B Portfolio Back In-House After Decades of Outsourcing The Troubles Plaguing Private Capital Create a Windfall for Secondaries Why Private Equity Wins: Reflecting on a Quarter-Century of Outperformance Funding Freezes Threaten University Endowments Rising Federal Debt and Fewer Institutional Buyers Means an Increased Need for Private Credit OCIOs Gain Major Ground With Private Schools Third Point Sifts Through Turmoil for Structured and Other Credit Investments The Trillion-Dollar Private Credit Market Faces Its First Big Test David Einhorn’s Early Bear Call Propels Greenlight to the Top Even the Savviest Investors Have a Stunning ‘Lack of Conviction’ SEC’s Hester Peirce on What to Expect From the Atkins Agenda What's Next for Global Monetary Policy Turbulent Markets Call for More than an Index Asset Managers (Not Surprisingly) Cheer Paul Atkins as ‘Enforcement-Lite’ SEC Pick Managed Futures Take Advantage of the Trump Trade Casdin Leads Life Sciences Funds in a Recovery Year Funding Continues to Slip Away From Start-Ups JPMorgan’s Paul Zummo: The Hedge Funds That Are Weathering Market Turmoil Performance of Small and Large Endowments Once Again Diverge Ackman’s Pershing Square Suffers from the ‘Passive’ Phenomenon Despite the Administration’s ‘Unconventional Approach,’ Dan Loeb Is Still Bullish for 2025 Great Results and an Uncertain Future for an Energy Hedge Fund Johns Hopkins Lands New CIO from Georgetown Greenlight Posted Its Weakest Results in the Past Four Years Allocators and Asset Managers Tell Us What Concerns Them Most the Lack of Transparency Is No Longer Okay CIOs Tell Us What Concerns Them Most in 2025 Bear Market Warning Signals Begin to Emerge and Winning Grant Funding: Tips for Nonprofits Global West Government Funds Roundtable 2025 2025 East Coast Family Office Wealth Conference Four Seasons Hotel and Residences Fort Lauderdale | Fort Lauderdale DACH Alternatives & Private Markets Symposium 2025 2025 Endowments & Foundations Roundtable East 2025 한국 글로벌 투자 포럼 2025 Korea Global Investment Forum 2025 MEII Abu Dhabi Institutional Investor Summit 2025 北京环球投资论坛 2025 Beijing Global Investment Forum         Mitchell Julis (left) and Joshua Friedman Fallon/Bloomberg; Friedman: David Paul Morris/Bloomberg) Canyon Partners' strategy to reduce overall market exposure and increase its exposure to special-situation corporate securities TrendingResidentialLos AngelesACanyon Partners co-founder asks $50M for Beverly Hills mansionMitchell Julis and wife still have mansion next door A decade after building their Beverly Hills mansion Canyon Partners co-founder Mitchell Julis and his wife Joleen listed the property for $50 million The 13,400-square-foot home is at 1109 Calle Vista Drive The couple bought the property in 2009 for $10.3 million and hired architect Richard Manion and builder Peter McCoy to construct the modern-style mansion The home has six bedrooms and 10 bathrooms The backyard includes a combination tennis court and basketball court SIGN UPThe couple still has a mansion next door, which they bought in 2018 for $17.8 million In March, the Julis’ took advantage of a hot Malibu market by selling their beach home for $39 million to GoodRX founder Trevor Bezdek They doubled their investment with that deal Mitchell Julis’ hedge fund, Canyon Partners, is active in L.A. development, and in 2019, it teamed with AECOM Capital to invest $4 billion into developing “large-scale institutional quality” commercial projects across the U.S [Dirt] — Dennis Lynch  Technology growth stocks and speculative money-losing companies aren’t the only assets that have been heavily punished by investors this year Many assets in the fixed-income market have also sharply sold off.Canyon Capital Advisors the credit-driven multi-strategy firm headed by Mitch Julis and Josh Friedman TrendingLos AngelesAHedge fund founder picks up Beverly Hills manse for $18MThe purchase follows news that the exec What’s a hedge fund founder to do after renting out his Malibu beach house for $6 million Maybe put the money toward a mansion in Beverly Hills according to the blog Yolanda’s Little Black Book Julis purchased the Beverly Hills estate for $17.8 million which is right next door to another mansion he owns The newly purchased home is 7,600 square feet It was previously owned by Hollywood producer Jerry Weintraub who expanded and renovated it during his 25 years there He died in 2015 and the home was initially listed for $25 million SIGN UPJulis is also the owner of the Malibu beach house that credit card service entrepreneur Ed Freedman recently paid $6 million to rent for four years Luxury real estate seems to be one of Julis’ passions he paid $21 million for a home on North Hillcrest Road in Beverly Hills the founder of the $19 billion hedge fund you probably didn't know about: Canyon Partners Canyon just had a bumper year in 2010 with 11.5% returns on their $8.8 billion flagship fund, Canyon Value Realization, according to Bloomberg Markets Magazine making it the 9th most profitable hedge fund in 2010 was founded by Friedman and another former Drexel Burnham trader in 1990, pulled in returns from investments in troubled assets that included bank loans mortgage-backed securities and aircraft leases Here are some fun facts about the firm and it's chieftans: Both founders are Harvard law school and business school grads [T]hey are especially talented at navigating the complexities of corporate debt While Julis is skilled at basic research and financial analysis Friedman is an expert on the pecking order of creditors in the event of a default or liquidation and how their claims can affect debt holders Expertise plus a pit bull nature is clearly what has made Canyon one of the world's most successful hedge funds "Aggressiveness is part of their DNA," a client said Canyon hasn't been without stumbles - most of which have been connected to the the firm's real-estate lending and investing operations (which is how they own the "ailing casino" in Lake Tahoe that was once owned by Frank Sinatra AND is where Marilyn Monroe spent one of her last days at the hotel before she died) The full profile is at Bloomberg Markets > Check out the other hedge funds that smashed it in 2010 > — The Smithsonian’s Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden has received a substantial gift of $2 million — the single largest individual donor gift in the museum’s history — from Joleen Julis who joined the board of trustees in October 2014 and her husband The Julis-Rabinowitz Family gift will go toward the establishment of the “Future Fund,” a new $4 million initiative spearheaded by museum director Melissa Chiu that includes a redesign of the museum’s public spaces specifically the lobby and Sculpture Garden into more engaging environments for art viewing dedicated in honor of Kerry Brougher’s service to the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden (2000–2014) Additional resources will be dedicated to the increased integration of technology into public programming The gift is the first of its kind to underwrite such initiatives at the Hirshhorn “We are grateful for the Julises’ most generous gift,” said Chiu “As we conclude this transformative 40th anniversary year the Hirshhorn seeks to become a creative hub at the intersection of art and technology and to lead global conversations on the art of our time It is the support of people like Joleen and Mitch that enables us to move forward with these goals.” “Mitch and I are delighted to be able to support the Hirshhorn at a vital time in its history,” said Joleen Julis “We are excited by the new energy and vision concerning the ways the Hirshhorn will reach out to new generations of visitors and we are thrilled to help bring it to the forefront of contemporary art and culture in the TwentyFirst Century.” “The Hirshhorn’s ‘Future Fund’ has created a vital new energy that will lead this museum into the future,” said Peggy Burnet “We are experiencing a period of tremendous growth with fundraising rising by more than $3.7 million This number demonstrates not only an increase in support from our local community but also a larger audience engagement with the Hirshhorn that institutions around the world are striving to achieve.” Joleen Julis serves on the Hirshhorn’s board of trustees and is a member of the contemporary art council at the Asia Society She previously formed the Aleinu Family Resource Center designed to reduce children’s vulnerability to abduction Mitch Julis is an investor and the husband of Joleen Julis The Smithsonian Institution Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden is at Independence Avenue at Seventh Street SW. For more information, www.hirshhorn.si.edu or 202-633-1618 By Britt Erica Tunick     Mitch Julis: Between Josh and myself we spanned the spectrum from leveraged buyouts to leveraged die-outs  (Photographs by Bryce Duffy) When Radio One oats and barley affected | Agriculture Canada says biological control is the best method Growers concerned about the appearance of cereal leaf beetles in their region are advised to tread lightly growers shouldn’t turn to chemical controls an Agriculture Canada research scientist who is working with one of the pest’s natural predators a wasp that has been found to keep pest numbers in check The wasp is vulnerable to chemical controls “We’ve noted that in a few cases people have been rushing to spray when they actually have not reached the economic threshold,” Carcamo said Grain and oilseed millers are predicted to see sales volumes and margins decline in 2025 according to Farm Credit Canada’s food and beverage report still a relatively new pest on the Prairies appears in the spring and is active into July it has since appeared in Sask-atchewan and Manitoba The beetle didn’t appear in high numbers in southwestern Saskatchewan this year Irrigated cereals in the Leth-bridge area have been the biggest problem area He also reported new invasions near Red Deer in Alberta and Brandon in Manitoba oat and barley crops during the flag leaf stage Carcamo said growers shouldn’t spray if they’re seeing less than one larvae per flag leaf Previous work at Agriculture Canada has identified a wasp — Tetrastichus julis — as an effective control for cereal leaf beetle keeping numbers below the threshold and reducing the potential need for insecticide of a field crop pest where biological control is actually the primary control strategy and all other strategies are secondary and are supporting biologic control,” he said Carcamo is leading a project to introduce the wasp to parts of the Prairies where the cereal leaf beetle numbers are highest which will move with cereal leaf beetle populations has been introduced to some of the sites that have reported new infestations Officials will revisit those sites over the next two years They will also look to determine what landscapes allow for the best establishment so in the future when we relocate the parasitoid we have a better idea of where are the best places to re-lease them,” he said “Eventually the wasp will become established in most of the areas but it’d be nice to give them a boost and get them established there faster.” Newsletter Sign Up - Receive free Western Producer newsletters Breaking ag news stories and commodities markets snapshots delivered daily right to your inbox Δdocument.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value" Canterra buys pedigreed seed firm Alliance Seed Parrish & Heimbecker acquires bulk marine export terminal in Quebec City Terms and Conditions | Privacy Policy | © 2025 Western Producer Publications Limited Partnership "(Required)" indicates required fields Δdocument.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value" a positive result for Neil Lennon’s men would go some way to lift the mood of supporters Celtic’s European performances have been difficult to watch so far this season but progression into the latter stages of the Europa League isn’t yet beyond the realms of possibility Here are 4 key areas where Celtic need to win key battles if they’re to topple Sparta Prague To say that Czech striker Lukas Julis made an impression during Sparta’s 4-1 defeat of Celtic in the East End of Glasgow the other week would be understating the point just a tad The 25-year-old put Celtic’s defence to task finishing the game with the match ball after stunning the Celtic backline If it’s to be a back two of Ajer and fit-again Jullien or a back three which could include Hatem Elhamed stopping Julis needs to be priority number 1 for the Bhoys Julis has managed 9 goals in 11 matches so far for Sparta Prague this season albeit that’s a figure inflated by his productive antics at Celtic Park he’s not been the main man for the Czech side but after bagging a hat-trick last time out His constant movement and ability to exploit Celtic’s lack of defensive coherency were used to devastating effect last time out Diego Laxalt and Moi Elyounoussi have been our most productive players so far with the on-loan duo causing problems for opposition defences Laxalt rescued a point at Easter Road in the game just past and Elyounoussi has found the net consistently Andreas Aalen Vindheim and Michal Sacek will most likely be tasked with trying to disrupt the Uruguayan and Norwegian internationals, but in 270 minutes of Europa League football, Vindheim only managed 1.7 tackles per game and 0.7 interceptions (via WhoScored?) the recognised first choice right-back for Sparta with an average of 1 successful tackle per match in the Europa League so far this season and if Laxalt and Elyounoussi can get some joy in this game it’s by creating mismatches on the left flank and exploiting their inability to win the ball back Sparta Prague predominantly like to get the ball to wide areas before taking the majority of their shots from central positions When you think about it sounds pretty standard According to WhoScored? the team aren’t proficient in creating opportunities using through balls This means that pressing with urgency can unsettle the Czech side Looking at the build-up Sparta’s second against Celtic Karlsson was given too much space by a retreating Nir Bitton to advance the ball while Julic didn’t have to bust a gut making space for his finish leading to a 3 on 2 which Julic tidily finished Ryan Christie ended up having to try to stop the inevitable right in the middle of the Celtic goal-line Much like the first goal for Hibs at the weekend Celtic responded poorly to the ball breaking from a set piece was tasked with defending the ball as it came in he let his man get a free header which nearly breached the goal line before Julic was allowed to finish from the ensuing chaos with consummate ease There have been multiple occasions this season where it’s looked as if nobody defending set pieces knows who their man is Rangers exploited this to devastating effect and the Bhoys haven’t learned any lessons from that If Celtic can show some resolve in this area The fact that we haven’t improved at defending set pieces at all this season is a real area of concern events still spin directly off of what happened last episode It appears that I spoke too soon about being surprised that family members weren't meddling in Julis's relationship with Ayato; that just got delayed until this episode Jolbert very definitely has plans for Ayato and Julis and the way he explains his request makes it clear that he's anything but clueless about his situation (and his intentions are far from frivolous) precisely because he knows that her winning the Phoenix Festa has suddenly put Julis on the register of the Integrated Enterprise Foundation (hereafter IEF) He knows that her status has increased enough that the IEF is likely to try marrying her off to someone convenient for them and he'd rather see her engaged to someone she might actually like first Since Ayato is also a Phoenix Festa winner that gives him further status that the IEF can't buck so it's a perfect situation from Jolbert's viewpoint Even the victory parade was partly done to expose the two of them to the public together It's a remarkably carefully-thought-out plan on Jolbert's part Jolbert also wants to stop Julis from participating in the Gryps Festival though for entirely different reasons than the suave old assassin we can now call Gustave Marlowe He's concerned that winning that too might increase her status enough that the IEF might be inclined to depose him in favor of her (with likely unpleasant consequences) he's also concerned that Julis becoming the country's leader would only lead to her frustration since she would be unable to help the poor like she wants while directly under the IEF's thumb how much of that is Jolbert being sincerely concerned about Julis and how much is just him using that as a cover to protect his own butt is hard to tell at this point it's the kind of material to build a long-term story on not just one that's only going to last a couple of episodes the girl from the orphanage who gave Julis her precious handkerchief but she got hauled away from the orphanage by creepy-looking guys Now we know why: she's somehow been manipulated into having a potent and scary-nasty power that neither Julis nor Ayato can individually stand against and she has no qualms about killing either of them when Julis tries to get in her way Only some interventions prevent that from happening but the assassin Gustave also makes another attempt on weakened targets that Claudia drives off this time this ends up being one of the second half's most plot-intensive episodes but why is something like this coming up so late in the series It does deliver a pretty good mix of action and plot development and doesn't have Flora in it resulting in a pretty decent episode overall I just hope that the direction the series seems to be going means that more will be made or else next episode is going to be a ragged ending One-Punch Man is, I think indisputably, the pre-eminent action series of the season, but The Asterisk War is no slouch either when it actually devotes itself to its action elements Coverage of the first round of the Festa concludes with the first battle for Saya and Kirin Each of them gets ample chance to show off with Saya in particular shining as she demonstrates that being a gun-type Lux user doesn't leave her incapable of physically defending herself; those are some nifty moves in using her gun to ward off melee attacks (Apparently her training with Ayato has borne big fruit.) It doesn't take long to overcome their overmatched opponents Julis now takes her turn and makes short work of her and Ayato's opponents using her flame powers The third match of the episode – and the second second-round match shown – features Lester and his partner taking on Irene the dangerous-looking woman introduced last episode Ayato and Julis had already encountered her in person when they came upon her in a street brawl and Julis is already wary of her because she seemed to recognize Ayato and approach him menacingly despite Julis being the one who called her out about endangering others by fighting in the street Viewing this match isn't going to make her any less uneasy as Irene's demonstration of her full power with her gravity-manipulating Ogre Lux and method for overcoming its key weakness (the weapon depletes the wielder's blood so she uses vampire-like fangs granted by the weapon to feed off of her regenerating partner/sister's blood) marks her as a fearsome opponent Fortunately her sister seems capable of reining her in outside of the arena though this does raise the question of what Le Wolfe's president is holding over Irene concerning her sister if the sister is roaming around freely as Kirin repeatedly slapping away Saya's attempts is feature fight scene-level detail with the exception being the early stages of the Lester/Irene fight Choreography is sound and the animation shows plenty enough movement to be convincing I still question whether or not the tournament can be concluded in only two episodes but the series definitely isn't dragging its heels even though it isn't cutting many corners To this point The Asterisk War has looked and felt every bit like a typical super-powered While episode 4 does not show any shining sign that the series has the potential to be more than that (or it does at least show that it is going to be a competent representative of its genre That happens because a heavy emphasis on action does not deter it from an ultimately more important development: that Ayato and Julis actually do make a pretty good couple There were signs of this last episode during the conversations in Julis's room about the orphanage and Ayato's reasoning after that about how he wanted to make his purpose to protect and support Julis but that finally fully crystallizes in this episode when the opportunity arises for them to properly work together in a fight but that she does not resist or protest much against Ayato swooping in to her rescue and instead actually uses her powers to help him pursue a foe that is trying to get away shows that she is not going to fight off accepting him too strenuously When they use their powers together they make a pretty fearsome team too; bad guys in series like this often get off easy because the heroic couple is too skittish about fully cooperating with each other so if this keeps up then it will be both a welcome change of pace and bad news for anyone who opposes them The more tender scene after the battle is over when Ayato is talking with Julis while lying in her lap only further cements that there is actual chemistry between the two and not just them being forced together for plot convenience's sake although as the late scenes of the episode show she has her own priorities and considerations (and a nasty side that she had not previously shown) and as much as she might be interested in Ayato herself The actual story for the episode involves Julis going to an abandoned building to confront the letter-sender from the previous episode who had been one of Lester's supposed flunkies but is actually the mastermind behind the attacks His plan was to get Lester and Julis to take each other out and Lester's not keen on his subterfuge when he also arrives on the scene (Apparently my judgment about him last episode – that he's principled thug – was not off.) That leads to a battle where Lester and Julis are threatened with being overwhelmed by the horde of mechanical puppets Silas manipulates though Julis does deduce his true affiliation from that Lester and Julis both acquit themselves well at first but are gradually overwhelmed which gives Ayato the perfect opportunity to play the hero by literally sweeping Julis off her feet and using Ser Veresta to show the full extent of his power (Note that Lester gets totally forgotten about in this scenario.) Afterwards we get hints that Silas was just a pawn for others which presumably provides the set-up for the next plot arc since the story feels like it has reached the end of the first novel The big flaw here is that Ayato and Julis have an overly-long and too-casual conversation immediately after escaping from harm's way but in a situation where a continuing threat was quite reasonably imminent Some may also not take too kindly to a heroine who is quite clearly strong in her own right being carried around by the heroic male lead while he fights (and no matter how much of a stud Ayato is that she wouldn't have been in his way like that strains credibility) that could very definitely be taken negatively though the smirk on Julis's face at times during the scene suggests that she's pretty happy having someone fight with/for her for a change its flash and energy and capable musical support show that its battle staging can also be one of the series' strengths Next episode the other girl who has been shown in the OP will debut which undoubtedly means another potential love interest for Ayato and if the series' writing is wise then it will keep the romantic emphasis on that with his signature afro haircut swaying to its own rhythm embodied the art of basketball physically and emotionally Gliding through the air and controlling the ball mid-flight was athletic and poetic This grace became a defining feature of his career Julius was far more than an extraordinary athlete; Erving was a cornerstone of leadership and an ambassador for the sport A great leader Starting in the ABA with the Virginia Squires and the New York Nets the forward embodied a correlational sense of leadership—his teammates were equally important leadership often comes with a combination of charisma "I don't remember Doc raising his voice at the guys," said former Nets point guard Brian Taylor they go off on their teammates if they're not producing or if they're not having a good night." "Doc was always there to lift you — 'Don't worry about it you'll get the next one,' stuff like that," he continued 'Keep your head up — don't worry about anything we're going to get it done.' Always inspiring confidence that we could get it done." Erving led the Nets to two ABA championships By the time the ABA merged with the NBA in 1976 the three-time ABA Most Valuable Player had already set a new standard for leadership in professional basketball When the merger happened, some doubted whether its stars could maintain their dominance in the larger league. The former ABA superstar met these expectations and surpassed them, leading the Philadelphia 76ers to sustained success he finally secured an NBA championship in 1983 the 11-time NBA All-Star was the only player to win MVPs in both the NBA and ABA averaging over 30,000 points in both leagues combined his high-flying dunks and soaring above the rim made him one of the most compelling players of all time success wasn't confined to individual accolades or team championships It was about how he carried himself and inspired others J's influence extended beyond the hardwood where he remained the respectable face of two leagues for 16 years "I played with some great ones — Bill Walton and David Thompson But Doc was so special," Taylor said of Erving The "Doctor" moniker was fitting for a player who moved through humility Erving was a pioneer and leader who proved that greatness isn't only measured by wins and the impact left behind.  His investigative pieces and feature stories have not only highlighted the achievements of athletes but also delved into the broader cultural and social impacts of basketball and skill rather than verbal jabs on the basketball court but that was all it took to earn the city's respect — and his