COLLEGNO BASKET: Obase 11, Bossola 16, Milone 6, Castellino 11, Tarditi 24, Quagliotto ne, Fracasso 5, Obakhabaye 5, Grillo 8, Marcato ne, Lo Buono, De Bartolomeo 13. Coach: Comazzi. ABC SOLETTIFICIO MANETTI: Ciano 11, Lazzeri 5, Ticciati, Corbinelli 24, Fabrizzi no, Marchetti no, Azzano 14, Nnabuife 5, Cantini 2, Gutierrez 30. Coach: Manetti. Referees: Rigon from Bellinzago Novarese and Velli from Fiorano Canavese. COLLEGNO – Yet another bitter defeat for Abc, who literally let the two points slip away in Collegno. A defeat that will make the Valdelsano path in the play-outs even more complex. In a match characterized by great offensive intensity, the key were the errors in the rearguard, but not only. An Abc that, more than once, lacked the bite to try to 'bite' the challenge, thus remaining at the mercy of the local verve. The findings, published in a paper in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) were initially made up of multiple families with distinct genetic ancestries these families intermarried and the local communities integrated genetically diverse newcomers from a variety of different social and cultural backgrounds archaeological and isotopic data to shed light on the community that used a cemetery in Collegno as a burial site during the 6th to 8th centuries CE Researchers sequenced and analyzed the genomes of 28 individuals from the cemetery and incorporated data from 24 previously published genomes They also studied individuals’ patterns of social mobility “When the Roman Empire collapsed, we did not really know much about how new communities formed, yet many of these communities would go on to be the basis for modern European countries,” explained Veeramah, director of The Veeramah Lab which is dedicated the study of evolutionary genomics “Our study reveals that these elites were genetically surprisingly diverse and in the process of creating new European communities in the medieval era families with diverse genetic ancestry would come together to form ruling groups.” “In 2018, our team published a paper that demonstrated genomic and cultural similarities between Collegno and Szólád a village in modern Hungary that showed a significant correspondence between individuals with a northern European ancestry in both,” said Patrick Geary of the Institute for Advanced Study “Our new study follows the transformation of this Italian community over a century and shows how new groups moved into and merged with the existing inhabitants.” The researchers discovered that the Collegno community was initially established by and organized around a network of closely related individuals they evolved into a single extended lineage spanning at least five generations Veeramah and colleagues believe individuals from this lineage had a higher ranking in society based on their richer diets and heavily detailed and likely more expensively made items they were buried with The findings also show that while the Collegno community was initially established by these elite families the community later incorporated individuals from other origins and genetic backgrounds into it and website in this browser for the next time I comment Δdocument.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value" This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed. Stony Brook University's Executive Director of Stony Brook Southampton Wendy Pearson was honored by the Town of Southampton as one of its Women of Distinction An FABP inhibitor developed by Stony Brook University researchers has been cleared by the FDA to help curb pain and inflammation related to cancer treatment Jim and Janice Rohlf have been connected to Stony Brook University for a combined 78 years and have been supporting students and programs for almost 40 years © 2024 Stony Brook University LBV Magazine English Edition Recent genetic research led by Krishna Veeramah an associate professor in the Department of Ecology and Evolution at Stony Brook University has shed new light on the social dynamics and community formation in post-Roman Europe This international study of ancient DNA provides vital insights into how early medieval elites in Europe composed initially of several distinct genetic families evolved into powerful lineages as they integrated with local populations Published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) the findings highlight a significant shift in the social structure during the centuries that followed the fall of the Roman Empire The research indicates that these early medieval elites culminating in the formation of unified power groups This genetic blending not only reinforced social ties among the elite but also enabled the integration of newcomers from various cultural backgrounds into burgeoning rural communities focusing on a cemetery located in Collegno which served as a burial site between the 6th and 8th centuries CE By sequencing and analyzing the genomes of 28 individuals from the site alongside data from 24 previously published genomes the researchers gained insights into social mobility patterns Veeramah remarked on the significance of their findings we knew very little about how new communities formed many of these would become the foundations of modern European nations Our study reveals that these elites were genetically surprisingly diverse families with diverse genetic ancestries came together to form power groups the team had already established genomic and cultural similarities between Collegno and Szólád where individuals showed significant genetic correspondence rooted in Northern Europe This latest research tracks the transformation of the Italian community over a century illustrating how new groups migrated and merged with existing residents The study found that the initial community in Collegno was organized around a closely-knit network of related individuals this network evolved into a single extended lineage spanning at least five generations The higher social rank of individuals within this lineage appears to be correlated with a wealthier diet and detailed burial artifacts including elaborately crafted items such as weapons and ornate belts while the Collegno community was initially established by elite families it later absorbed individuals from diverse genetic backgrounds This gradual incorporation hints at the fluidity of social structures in medieval Europe challenging rigid views of class and genetic lineage Stony Brook University Yijie Tian, István Koncz, et al., The role of emerging elites in the formation and development of communities after the fall of the Roman Empire. PNAS August 19, 2024, 121 (36) e2317868121. doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2317868121 Subscribe to get the latest posts sent to your email The Parthenon temple on the Acropolis of Athens housed a colossal statue made of gold and ivory carved by the famous sculptor Phidias in 438 BC Two thousand years before the Inca Empire extended its dominion over the Andes a much less known yet culturally influential society—known as the Chavín Phenomenon—had already developed numerous artistic expressions,… while the Byzantine Empire was mired in a succession crisis sought to take advantage and launched his conquest Archaeologists from universities in the United States and Denmark found deep within the Actun Uayazba Kab cave in Belize two small stone tools dated between 250 and 900 AD that… men and women gathered to play a game called Cuju A team of researchers has succeeded in recreating for the first time in a laboratory experiment a phenomenon that until now only existed as a theory in the realm of… the Cantonal Archaeology of Aargau carried out a rescue excavation between early May 2024 and the end of March 2025 The Egyptian archaeological mission affiliated with the Supreme Council of Antiquities announced the discovery of a group of defensive structures and a system of moats that could indicate… In the southeastern area of the city of Rome archaeologists excavating inside the Triton Baths within the monumental complex of the Villa di Sette… Why did some animals from ancient eras become fossils while others simply disappeared without a trace Receive our news and articles in your email for free You can also support us with a monthly subscription and receive exclusive content This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks The action you just performed triggered the security solution There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page The Italy-Cuba National Friendship Association (ANAIC) paid tribute to Commander Ernesto Che Guevara on the 57th anniversary of his death with an event held in the northern city of Collegno The ceremony took place the day before on Che Guevara Square which is dedicated to his memory in that town in the Province of Turin and was attended by members of the association The event was attended by Matteo Cavallone President of the National Association of Italian Partisans in that city; Tiziana Manzi Secretary of the local circle of the ANAIC; and Fidel Ajuria representing the Consulate General of Cuba in Milan Cavalloni emphasized that these difficult times need figures like Che Guevara who was assassinated in Bolivia on October 9 Papacci recounted passages from the life of Che Guevara’s struggle for a better world He also referred to the difficult situation Cuba is going through as the result of the intensification of the US economic He demanded the end to it as well as the exclusion of the Caribbean nation from Washington’s terrorism list "There is only one result to achieve - said Betti (pictured above) before yesterday's training - and that is to win to reach the seasonal goal. The team has trained well these days, we started again with desire after the victory in Gallarate. But the pace today does not count, we know well how much today's challenge counts and we are focused only on that. I hope we will take up the good things done in the last match and not make the mistakes of the last one at home against Serravezza". The company has announced that for tonight's match scheduled for 21pm in Viale Sclavo against Collegno, the ticket office will be open from 20pm. For those who cannot be present at the sports hall, the match will be broadcast live and exclusively on Starplane, free of charge for season ticket holders and at a cost of 10 euros for non-season ticket holders. Metrics details much about the barbarian migrations that took place between the fourth and sixth centuries in Europe remains hotly debated To better understand this key era that marks the dawn of modern European societies we obtained ancient genomic DNA from 63 samples from two cemeteries (from Hungary and Northern Italy) that have been previously associated with the Longobards a barbarian people that ruled large parts of Italy for over 200 years after invading from Pannonia in 568 CE Our dense cemetery-based sampling revealed that each cemetery was primarily organized around one large pedigree suggesting that biological relationships played an important role in these early medieval societies we identified genetic structure in each cemetery involving at least two groups with different ancestry that were very distinct in terms of their funerary customs our data are consistent with the proposed long-distance migration from Pannonia to Northern Italy Were specific barbarian peoples described in texts culturally and ethnically homogeneous populations or were they ad-hoc and opportunistic confederations of diverse being that of close kinship relations or long-term shared ancestry play in the organization of these barbarian communities and how are such relationships related to patterns of material culture Did this period involve long-distance migrations as described by late-antique authors Numerous sixth to seventh century archeological cemeteries in Pannonia and Italy contain broadly similar grave goods and burial customs, a pattern consistent with the historical account of a Longobard migration. In this study we generate paleogenomic data for 63 individuals from two of these cemeteries, Szólád in western Hungary and Collegno in northern Italy (Fig. 1a) We note that we are not aiming to infer Lombard ethnicity Our approach is unique in that we attempted to genomically characterize all of the interred individuals rather than sampling individuals based on certain material culture markers Combined with evidence of material culture our approach provides an unparalleled image of the social organization of these historical communities and begins to shed new light on possible movements within Europe during this period we considered 33 and 22 samples from Szólád and Collegno for downstream analysis respectively (three and one samples from Szólád and Collegno had fewer than 30,000 usable SNPs and CL36 were found not to belong to the same occupation period as the other samples) Principal component analysis of Szólád and Collegno a Procrustes PCA of modern Europeans (faded small dots are individuals larger circle is median of individuals) along with samples from Szólád (filled circles) Collegno (filled triangles) and other Migration Period samples Szólád and Collegno samples are filled with colors based on estimated ancestry from ADMIXTURE b Procrustes PCA of modern and Bronze Age Europeans along with samples from Szólád and Collegno and other Migration Period samples Gray dots are modern Europeans as shown in a Genetic structure of Szólád and Collegno Model-based ancestry estimates from ADMIXTURE for Szólád (a) and Collegno (b) using 1000 Genomes Project Eurasian and YRI populations to supervise analysis Note that high contamination was identified in CL31 and overlaid with a pink hue in b with greatest EEF ancestry in those individuals demonstrating similarities to modern southern Europeans and greater WHG + SA ancestry in those that resembled modern northern Europeans (with WHG being predominant in northwest Europe and SA in northeast Europe) Bronze Age populations and Hungarian Scythians from the third to sixth centuries BCE are diverse with most sharing similarity with modern southern Europeans though a minority are found in close proximity to the central/northern samples from Szólád and Collegno in the PCA we suggest that based on modern and Bronze Age data the high CEU + GBR ancestry observed in both Szólád and in particular Collegno is unusual Numbers indicate generations (1 being the oldest This latter individual would probably have been female as while SZ14 has a similar Y chromosome to SZ13 and SZ22 both siblings possess a different mtDNA type to their uncle's (I3 vs with N individuals presenting graves with wooden elements as opposed to simple pits (more common amongst graves with S individuals) though samples represented in black are those lacking genomic data the 87Sr/86Sr values of each ancestry group are arranged in ascending order This appears to fit a model of individuals of central/northern European ancestry migrating and settling in Collegno amongst a set of local individuals of primarily Italian origin The most striking feature of our data is the inference of two main clusters of genetic ancestry that are shared amongst our two sixth- to seventh-century cemeteries separated by almost 1000 km In both Szólád and Collegno this genetic structure mirrors the variation that emerges from their mortuary practices how living members of the community represented the individuals that they buried This perhaps suggests that in these two cemeteries there may indeed have been a biological basis to the notion that long-term shared common descent can shape social identity and that this is reflected in the material culture whether the association between genetic ancestry and material culture reflects specific peoples mentioned in historical texts (i.e. Longobards) or stemmed from a deeper/long-term descent (of mixed barbarian ancestries) is as yet unclear Future research may reveal how widespread such a link between ancestry and material culture was in the Migration Period Our genomic characterization of Szólád and Collegno provides novel insight into the structures and hierarchies of societies from the Migration Period in two very different contexts a previous study of Szólád had identified this cemetery as belonging to a highly mobile community that was settled in the region for approximately one generation We were able to show in particular that the burials in this cemetery were organized around a three-generation kindred with ten members (Kindred SZ1) all but one of which were of predominantly central/northern ancestry Members of this kindred stand out in relation to others for a number of reasons: (i) access to diet higher in animal protein; (ii) graves occupying a prominent position in the cemetery; (iii) the presence of the oldest individual in the cemetery (SZ24); and (iv) the individual (SZ13) with the deepest grave and the only one buried with a horse Surrounding this kindred within the area demarcated by the half-ring of women there are ten males Of the nine for which we have genetic data all have predominantly central/northern European genetic ancestry but some have both additional TSI and IBS ancestry (for example SZ5) suggesting a somewhat diverse genetic makeup and thus possibly different geographic origins from each other and compared to the focal Kindred SZ1 and three out of four adults share the same non-local Sr signature as adults in Kindred SZ1 The half-ring of women itself is made up of a mixture of individuals (ten adults and one child) with five that have predominantly central/northern ancestry and three that have majority TSI + IBS ancestry They also have a wide range of strontium isotope ratios The female SZ19 in this half-ring is part of Kindred SZ1 She lacks the ledge graves of the other members To what extent her lack of IBD with SZ24 and her different ancestry contributed to her more peripheral burial compared to both the female SZ8 (who is buried within the core) and the male SZ15 (who is similarly unrelated to SZ24 but again found within the core) is an open question The remaining part of this community for which we have genomic data (N = 7) is composed of individuals of mainly southern European genetic ancestry that are conspicuously lacking grave goods and occupy the southeastern part of the cemetery; they were buried in randomly oriented graves with straight walls While the lack of grave goods does not necessarily imply that these individuals were of lower status it does point to them belonging to a different social group The strontium isotope data suggest that they may have migrated together with the warrior-based group from outside Szólád but barriers to gene flow were largely maintained Collegno likely reflects a community that settled for multiple generations organization around at least one large extended immigrant kindred once again seems to have been a key element of social organization with the kindred spreading outwards from the center point of the cemetery over time There is also one other significant immigrant kindred of a different genetic origin and material culture that also holds a central position in the cemetery for this first period of occupation at least these two groups appear to remain distinct genetically we find evidence of only one other individual (CL63) of predominant central/northern ancestry who does not belong to the major kindred unit (though our sampling of this cemetery is not as complete as Szólád) individuals of southern ancestry of the type that would typically be found in the region today appear to be local to the Collegno area based on isotope data show much more scattered burials and are poorer with regard to grave goods and animal protein consumption As such it is tempting to infer a scenario of these large immigrant barbarian families exerting a dominating influence on the original resident population It is surprising to find significant diversity within small Even amongst the two family groups of primarily central/northern ancestry there is clear evidence of admixture with individuals with more southern ancestry Whether these people identified as Longobard or any other particular barbarian people is therefore impossible to assess If we are seeing evidence of movements of barbarians there is no evidence that these were genetically homogenous groups of people We have observed an intriguing association between genetic evidence isotope data and material culture that sheds new light on the social organization of sixth-century communities during both migration and settlement phases A key aspect of our approach is the in-depth sampling of entire cemeteries We propose that this is a conceptual and methodological advance: in the future one must use a similar whole cemetery-based genomic methodology to explore whether the results observed here are common to other sites from late antiquity and the early middle ages The genetic complexity observed within these cemeteries presents a new set of questions concerning population structure within past societies if the genetic similarity we observe between Szólád and Collegno appears in other contemporary cemeteries we will be able to better appreciate the extent and dynamics of these movements and of the invasion of barbarian peoples across the Roman Empire we made pseudo-haploid calls by randomly drawing one allele from a diploid genotype In addition to using the allele frequencies of the ancient samples themselves we also adapted the software to utilize allele frequencies from other sources in this case the CEU and TSI 1000 Genomes populations Supervised and unsupervised model-based clustering was performed using ADMIXTURE30 target Migration Period samples were analyzed individually (to avoid the effects of relatedness) or together (using a set of unrelated individuals that maximized SNP number) D-statistic analysis as described in Patterson et al.50 was performed using custom Python software that allowed multithreading We applied the software SPA51 to analyze the POPRES imputed SNP dataset We also further extended the software to allow the use of pseudo-haploid calls in our ancient samples and to infer the location of one parent of an admixed individual given the known location of another parent Analysis was performed using both pseudo-haploid calls and diploid genotypes The lack of base calls due to the absence of reads at a position in a particular sample was resolved either as an ancestral or derived allele by a hierarchical inferential method according to the phylogenetic context based on a cladistics approach The phylogenetically informative SNPs were used to build a parsimony-based phylogenetic tree using the Pars application of the Phylip v3.69 package FigTree v1.4.2 software was used to display the generated tree Faunal samples were taken from six species from a third-/fourth-century site in Piazza Castello in Turin to provide an ecological baseline for human diet Code generated to call variants in the ancient samples is available at https://github.com/kveeramah/ All other relevant data are available upon request Strategies of Distinction: The Construction of Ethnic Communities (Brill The Myth of Nations: The Medieval Origins of Europe (Princeton University Press The Fall of the Roman Empire: A New History of Rome and the Barbarians (Oxford University Press Sprache und Bevölkerungsstruktur im Frenkenreich (ed F.) 285–325 (Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft P.) 21–66 (Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften Ethnische Interpretationen in der frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie The Fall of Rome and the End of Civilization (Oxford University Press Barbarian Migrations and the Roman West (Cambridge University Press The Langobards before the Frankish Conquest: An Ethnographic Perspective (Boydell Press Die Langobarden Herrschaft und Identität (Denkschriften der philosophisch-historischen Klasse) (Verlag der österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften Germanic Kinship Structure: Studies in Law and Society in Antiquity and in the Early Middle Ages (Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies Lombards on the move—an integrative study of the migration period cemetery at Szólád 568 — A historical date and its archaeological consequences Presenze Longobarde: Collegno Nell’Alto Medioevo (Collegno Optimal ancient DNA yields from the inner ear part of the human petrous bone Partial uracil-DNA-glycosylase treatment for screening of ancient DNA An early modern human from Romania with a recent Neanderthal ancestor Genome-wide patterns of selection in 230 ancient Eurasians A global reference for human genetic variation The Simons Genome Diversity Project: 300 genomes from 142 diverse populations A genetic atlas of human admixture history The genomic history of southeastern Europe The Beaker phenomenon and the genomic transformation of northwest Europe Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon genomes from East England reveal British migration history Veeramah, K. R. et al. Population genomic analysis of elongated skulls reveals extensive female-biased immigration in Early Medieval Bavaria. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1719880115 (2018) 137 ancient human genomes from across the Eurasian steppes Fast model-based estimation of ancestry in unrelated individuals Visualizing spatial population structure with estimated effective migration surfaces Lipatov, M., Sanjeev, K., Patro, R. & Veeramah, K. Maximum likelihood estimation of biological relatedness from low coverage sequencing data. Preprint at https://www.biorxiv.org/content/early/2015/07/29/023374 (2015) in Theoretical and Methodological Considerations in Central European Neolithic Archaeology (BAR International Series) (eds F.) 11–23 (British Archaeological Reports Oxford Ltd. and osteological analyses shed light on social and kinship organization of the Later Stone Age Bioarchaeology and kinship: integrating theory Vai, S. et al. A genetic perspective on Longobard-Era migrations. Preprint at https://doi.org/10.1101/367201 (2018) Female exogamy and gene pool diversification at the transition from the Final Neolithic to the Early Bronze Age in central Europe The fine-scale genetic structure of the British population Genes predict village of origin in rural Europe Complete mitochondrial genome sequence of a Middle Pleistocene cave bear reconstructed from ultrashort DNA fragments mapDamage: testing for damage patterns in ancient DNA sequences Analysis of high-throughput ancient DNA sequencing data EAGER: efficient ancient genome reconstruction Ancient European dog genomes reveal continuity since the Early Neolithic Next-generation genotype imputation service and methods The impact of whole-genome sequencing on the reconstruction of human population history PLINK: a tool set for whole-genome association and population-based linkage analyses A model-based approach for analysis of spatial structure in genetic data Novel variation and de novo mutation rates in population-wide de novo assembled Danish trios population structure and demographic history of the Dutch population Low-pass DNA sequencing of 1200 Sardinians reconstructs European Y-chromosome phylogeny The Y-chromosome tree bursts into leaf: 13,000 high-confidence SNPs covering the majority of known clades Early weaning of Neolithic Domestic Cattle (Bercy France) revealed by intra-tooth variation in nitrogen isotope ratios Stable isotope analysis of human and faunal remains from the Anglo-Saxon cemetery at Berinsfield Oxfordshire: dietary and social implications Bioavailable 87Sr/86Sr in different environmental samples—effects of anthropogenic contamination and implications for isoscapes in past migration studies Download references We thank Kurt Alt for his role in scientifically characterizing Szólád We are particularly appreciative of discussions with Kathryn Twiss We are grateful to Hazel Chapman and James Rolfe for help with isotopic analyses and to David Redhouse for help with an illustration We thank Marta Burri and lab members of the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History in Jena for laboratory support We thank Ágnes Kustár and Ildikó Pap at the Department of Anthropology of the Hungarian Natural History Museum for providing the anthropological material from the cemetery of Szólád This work was supported by National Science Foundation award #1450606 the Anneliese Maier Research Award of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research the Institute for Advanced Study Director’s Office and the Italian Ministry for University and Research Department of Excellence Program These authors contributed equally: Carlos Eduardo G Dipartimento di Biologia Università degli Studi di Firenze Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History Institute for Archaeological Sciences Archaeo- and Palaeogenetics Österreichische Akadamie der Wissenschaften Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell′Ambiente Heinrich Schliemann-Institut für Altertumswissenschaften Universität Rostock Römisch-Germanische Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biotenologie provided the archeological material and/or performed the archeological analysis and interpretation provided the historical background and interpretation performed the ancient DNA lab work and screening and performed the downstream bioinformatics and population genetic analysis The authors declare no competing interests Publisher's note: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations Download citation DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-06024-4 Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: a shareable link is not currently available for this article Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences (2025) Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science JavaScript is needed to use this website in its full extent Please activate JavaScript in your browser An international research team with the participation of the Austrian Academy of Sciences has deciphered genetic traces of the Lombards in northern Italy The analysis of the Collegno cemetery near Turin provides information about the genetic mixing between the Lombards and local Italians - and shows how immigration and integration shaped northern Italy's elites the Lombards moved from what is now western Hungary and eastern Austria to Italy which had previously been part of the Eastern Roman Empire They founded a kingdom in northern Italy that lasted for almost 200 years in which various groups took part under Lombard leadership But how was the new ruling class integrated into the Christian how were the locals accepted into the new ruling class New archaeogenetic findings are now shedding light on this question An international research team of the EU research project HistoGenes coordinated by the Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW),  has investigated the genetic traces of the Lombards in the Collegno cemetery near Turin The results of this interdisciplinary research have now been published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) the warrior elite of the Lombards buried their dead with representative grave goods: Weapons and multi-piece garment brooches and other jewelry among the women were considered an expression of their high social status Genetic studies confirmed that the majority of the people buried in Collegno came from the north. However the analyses also revealed that one of the founding families was predominantly of Mediterranean whose graves were also furnished with precious weapons integrated into the military leadership of the Lombards although they did not originally come from the north “The archaeogenetic findings suggest that members of the local population were soon accepted into the new elites and even helped to protect and administer the kingdom of the Lombards,” says Walter Pohl historian at the Institute for Medieval Research at the Austrian Academy of Sciences and head of the HistoGenes project This also led to marriages and gradual genetic mixing “The new research not only provides evidence for existing knowledge but also opens up completely new insights into how this immigration affected the Lombards' new homeland,” says the historian. One remarkable detail is the presence of so-called gold leaf crosses in some of the graves These pieces of jewelry underline the Christian faith of the buried and illustrate the religious integration of the Lombard upper class into the society of northern Italy "The role of emerging elites in the formation and development of communities after the fall of the Roman Empire", Walter Pohl et al, PNAS, 2024 DOI: https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2317868121 He is a full member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences and Professor of Medieval History and Ancillary Historical Sciences at the University of Vienna Sven Hartwig | Head PR & Communications Austrian Academy of Sciences T +43 1 51581-1331sven.hartwig(at)oeaw.ac.at Walter Pohl Institute for Medieval Research Austrian Academy of Sciences T +43 1 51581-7240walter.pohl(at)oeaw.ac.at +43 1 51581-0webmaster@oeaw.ac.at Lots of Louis Vuitton, a fair amount of Chanel, a little Balmain and a hint of Jacquemus The CFDA and KFN plan to restore American Fashion Week But they more or less played well Here are the names The newest service offered by the Chinese app could save online retailers from the recent crisis The two best are in Spain, Milan is only fourth Tonight, we may see two worlds collide Is this the end of the large sales areas as we knew them? But would they really want to go? Ready, set, bet! From collaborative architecture to engaged art, Horst is setting a new standard for music festivals in Europe The dream of a self-managed career thanks to social networks Benjamin Voisin plays the real-life figure revisited in the AppleTV+ series Following in the footsteps of Léna Situations, Mister V, Amixem and Andie Ella, Squeezie is now launching his new brand From Dubai to Brignoles, the revenge of a forgotten fruit From those for the pope's funeral to those for the inauguration of a government, to simple toasts The US President's attempt to save Hollywood passes, not surprisingly, through duties Which promises to reveal the whole truth about the rapper's famous “parties” Between bad experiences and a few too many statements about Anna Wintour And why it is important to constantly update your bio Interview with Samuel Ross Interview with Willy Chavarria Interview with Louis Gabriel Nouchi Interview with Mowalola Interview with Marni’s Francesco Risso Interview with Jean-Charles de 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long-standing suppliers for some two decades The deal was worth 21 million euros and will verticalize the brand's clothing and outerwear production (in this case down jackets and padded garments since trench coats are produced in the factory Burberry owns in Yorkshire) in view of the brand's repositioning planned by CEO Jonathan Ackeroyd Ackeroyd himself called the acquisition «an important next step in bringing our outerwear category to full potential building on our strong foundations in the U.K. and provide greater control over the quality delivery and sustainability of our products It’s an exciting development and I am delighted to welcome our new colleagues on board» machinery and inventory will now pass into Burberry's hands The arrival of Burberry's capital in Turin is the culmination of a month that has seen the Piedmont region and its factories receive attention from fashion financiers: in mid-February it was Cartier that inaugurated its new factory in Basse di Stura while last week the Quadrivio group launched a bid for Cover 50 a brand we have seen participate in past editions of Milan Fashion Week Get access to exclusive contents and keep yourself updated Get access to exclusive contents and keep yourself updated Select the topics in which you are interested: Every month a newsletter to receive updates from our creative media agency So you don't miss the chance to attend nss world events Every month the latest news from the French vertical of nss and the rise and fall of empires—all of which should have mixed its populations up thoroughly there's little sign of all this upheaval and some indications that many of the populations have been in place since agriculture spread across the continent This was rarely more obvious than during the contraction and collapse of the Roman Empire Various Germanic tribes from northeastern Europe poured into Roman territory in the west only to be followed by the force they were fleeing one of the groups ended up founding a kingdom in North Africa that extended throughout much of the Mediterranean while another ended up controlling much of Italy the Longobards (often shorted as "Lombards") We know very little of them or any of the other barbarian tribes that roared through Western Europe other than roughly contemporary descriptions of where they came from But a study of the DNA left behind in the cemeteries of the Longobards provides some indication of their origins and how they interacted with the Europeans they encountered The Longobards entered the historical record when they were northeast of Roman territory They crossed what was nominally Roman territory into what was called Pannonia and a war between the Goths and Byzantine Romans on the Italian Peninsula left both weakened and founded kingdoms that would remain in place for two hundred years Both cemeteries feature bodies buried with a variety of grave goods one of the individuals present was buried with a horse Carbon dating has confirmed they were in use during the time the Longobards occupied the area and similar graves have been found throughout northern Italy dating from this period The big change with the new work is that the authors added genomics isolating DNA from each of the buried skeletons and the researchers performed a simpler genotyping procedure similar to that used by commercial testing companies more of the skeletons were subjected to analysis of isotopes that indicated what they were eating and whether they had grown up in the same area they were now living The DNA evidence included a major surprise: both cemeteries included groups of family members buried together there were four families with multiple members buried in the cemetery and clustered together; Italy had three families The genomes indicated that the families had originated in Northern Europe consistent with the Longobards being a Germanic group (and indicating they had not recently arrived there from somewhere else) many of the individuals had a significant contribution from Southern Europeans in their ancestry—in one case One of the families was largely a mix of Southern European with contributions from the Iberian Peninsula—only a few of the family members have significant Longobard contributions While one family appears to be entirely from Northern Europe with one of them being nearly entirely Southern European and Iberian The isotopes also tell two different tales the family with a large Southern European contribution seems to have been living in the area where they were eventually buried had an isotopic signature that didn't match the location conditions suggesting they had migrated there from elsewhere the Southern Europeans in the Hungarian cemetery seemed to have arrived there from elsewhere The split was also notable in terms of the items buried with these families "Individuals with predominantly central/northern and southern European ancestry possess very distinctive grave furnishings," the researchers note All of this paints a picture that's consistent with the spotty historical record The Longobards arrived in the area of what is now Hungary from Northern Europe and then moved into Italy where they remained and buried several generations of their family members there are signs of the turmoil gripping Europe at the time Several families show indications of marrying people from outside the Longobard culture and at least one family in each location appears to have been from Southern Europe given that both groups appear to have buried their dead in the same location The genetics also show a degree of ancestry mixing as you'd expect in cases where the groups lived together for centuries While the study paints a picture of cultural and genetic turmoil that matches the historical record somehow its effects ended up being transient "We observe that central/northern European ancestry is dominant in both Szólád and Collegno," the authors note "and that modern genetic data do not show a preponderance of such ancestry in either Hungary or northern Italy." For whatever reason the Longobards seem to have faded into genetic obscurity Nature Communications, 2017. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06024-4  (About DOIs) ROME (JTA) – Italian police are investigating the theft of a “stumbling stone” Holocaust memorial to an Auschwitz victim a gold-colored cobblestone-sized monument embedded in sidewalk was stolen last week just a month after it was placed in Collegno Collegno Mayor Francesco Casciano called the theft a “deplorable act that goes beyond vandalism” as it took place at “a time when a resurgence of neofascism” threatens democratic society The stumbling stone commemorated Massimo De Benedetti who was deported from Collegno and killed in Auschwitz in October 1944 The theft was the latest in a spate of vandal attacks on stumbling stone memorials in Italy in recent weeks These included the theft of one in Venice and defacement of one in Milan The incidents have taken place in the run-up to general elections scheduled for March 4 in which the populist Five Star Movement and virulently anti-immigrant far-right League Party are expected to make strong showings a far-right activist and League supporter wounded six African migrants in a drive-by shooting in the central Italian town of Macerata Italy’s Jewish leadership issued formal backing for a national anti-fascist demonstration scheduled to take place in Rome on Saturday but said it would not officially take part because of Shabbat I’d like to ask you to please support the Forward American Jews need independent news they can trust At a time when other newsrooms are closing or cutting back the Forward has removed its paywall and invested additional resources to report on the ground from Israel and around the U.S rising antisemitism and polarized discourse This is a great time to support independent Jewish journalism you rely on See our full guidelines for more information, and this guide for detail about canonical URLs subject line “republish,” with any questions or to let us know what stories you’re picking up Copyright © 2025 The Forward Association COLLEGNO: Obase 7, Bossola 13, Milone 3, Castellino 8, Tarditi 9, Quagliotto none, Fracasso none, Haward 8, Grillo 2, Marcato 2, Lo Buono, De Bartolomeo 19. Coach Comazzi. TARROS: Pettinaroli, Manto 2, Ramirez 11, Gogishvili 17, Merlo 3, Loschi 9, Morciano 20, Steffanini n/a, Tedeschi 2, Dias 10. Coach Mori. Referees: Michel Bavera from Desio and Anna Scolaro from Carmagnola. Please enable JS and disable any ad blocker Medievalists.net Applying a comprehensive analysis of genetic and archaeological factors in two 6th-century barbarian cemeteries researchers have gleaned new insights into a key era known as the Migration Period that laid the foundation for modern European society this epoch followed the decline of the Western Roman Empire and was a time of major socioeconomic and cultural transformation in Europe despite more than a century of scholarly work by historians and archaeologists much about the period still remains unknown or is hotly debated published this week in Nature Communications seeks to shed new light on how these communities were formed and how they interacted with the local populations they supposedly came to dominate and archaeologists led by Professor Patrick Geary of the Institute for Advanced Study and Professor Krishna Veeramah of Stony Brook University Professor Johannes Krause of the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History and Professor David Caramelli of the University of Florence have for the first time sequenced the genomes of entire ancient cemeteries­­—one in Hungary and one in Italy This research provides the clearest picture yet of the lives and population movements of communities associated with the Lombards a barbarian people that ruled most of Italy for more than two hundred years after invading from the Roman Province of Pannonia (modern-day Hungary) in 568 C.E The team’s data from the Hungarian cemetery almost doubles the number of ancient genomes obtained from a single ancient site to date This in-depth genomic characterization allowed the team to examine the relationship between the genetic background of the community and the archaeological material left behind we would not have expected to observe such a strong relationship between genetic background and material culture,” said Patrick Geary “This appears to suggest that these particular communities contained a mix of individuals with different genetic backgrounds and that it likely influenced their social identity.” A somewhat surprising result was that in both cemeteries individuals buried with elaborate grave goods like swords and shields for the men and beaded necklaces and broaches for the women tended to have a genetic ancestry associated with modern northern and central Europeans today while grave goods in individuals with more southern European-looking genomes were much less abundant The individuals with abundant grave goods also tended to consume more protein rich diets “What we have presented in this study is a unique cross-discipline framework for the future,” added Geary “uniting experts from different disciplines to reinterpret and reconcile historical and archaeological evidence to enhance our knowledge of the past compile new information on how populations move and new ways of understanding the complexity and malleability of Europe’s population in the past and the present.” The approach also allowed researchers for the first time to reconstruct comprehensive genealogies of the people who were buried in these cemeteries finding that family relations spanning multiple generations were likely key to establishing these communities “It looks like both these cemeteries organized themselves around one or two large groups of biologically related kin with the vast majority of these individuals being men” said Veeramah these related individuals tended to share the northern/central genetic ancestry associated with rich grave goods.” The team concluded that it was unusual to see this genetic ancestry type in Hungary and certainly in Italy in the 6th century our current results are consistent with the idea of barbarians migrating from north of Danube and east of the Rhine which would suggest we are observing the invasions previously described by the Romans,” said Veeramah “It is also likely that social organization was based around large high-status male biological kinship groups and these were key to establishing communities following the migration into Italy.” Veeramah and Geary stressed that these results represented mere snapshots of the period and that more work in other cemeteries in other regions is vital for truly understanding this period “It could be that we look at some new cemeteries 50 km away or that are 100 years older or younger and find very different patterns of social organization and they almost certainly were during the Migration Period,” said Geary “There are thousands of medieval cemeteries out there for us to look at This is hopefully just the beginning of our work.” Click here to read the paper “Understanding 6th-century barbarian social organization and migration through paleogenomics” We've created a Patreon for Medievalists.net as we want to transition to a more community-funded model We aim to be the leading content provider about all things medieval podcast and Youtube page offers news and resources about the Middle Ages We hope that are our audience wants to support us so that we can further develop our podcast and remove the advertising on our platforms This will also allow our fans to get more involved in what content we do produce Member Login A plane belonging to the "Frecce Tricolori" aerobatic team of the Italian Air Force crashed Saturday during takeoff from Turin Caselle Airport A child at the site of the crash was killed which performs a greeting flight above Italian cities throughout the year for the 100th anniversary of the Italian Air Force was taking off from the airport for a rehearsal flight before shows in the resorts of Vercelli and Collegno The pilot survived by jumping out of the plane by using his ejection seat Reports said the pilot was slightly injured and taken to the hospital A family with four members with two children was at the site when the plane crashed and the rest of the family was taken to the hospital with injuries Amateur footage of the accident was shared in the media All Frecce Tricolori demonstration flights were suspended and Caselle Airport was temporarily closed to air transport which uses an Italian Aermacchi-made MB-339 model aircraft Aristos is a Newsweek science and health reporter with the London He is particularly focused on archaeology and paleontology although he has covered a wide variety of topics ranging from astronomy and mental health Aristos joined Newsweek in 2018 from IBTimes UK and had previously worked at The World Weekly He is a graduate of the University of Nottingham and City University You can get in touch with Aristos by emailing a.georgiou@newsweek.com. Languages: English either observed and verified firsthand by the reporter or reported and verified from knowledgeable sources Translations may contain inaccuracies—please refer to the original content A genetic study has revealed fascinating new insights into the social organization and migrations of the mysterious Longobards—a barbarian people who invaded and ruled over large parts of Italy for more than 200 years after the fall of Rome cultural and economic changes between the third and tenth centuries—a period marked by the collapse of the Western Roman Empire and the migrations and invasions of barbarian groups throughout the continent knowledge of this key historical era is limited in many respects "There are many so-called "Barbarian people" described in historical texts that are supposed to have invaded Europe as the Roman Empire declined between the 4-6th centuries, with names such as Franks, Goths, Angles, Saxons and the Vandals," author of the Nature Communications study Krishna Veeramah from Stony Brook University as barbarians themselves did not leave any written records their origins and their way of life are somewhat mysterious these groups mostly lived north of the Roman Empire beyond the Rhine and Danube rivers—what was once called "Germania" The only written texts from the actual time of the events in question come from the Romans who were experiencing this invasion almost all aspects of these migrations are debated amongst scholars To try and address this uncertainty in the historical knowledge an international team of researchers decided to use genetic data to see if they could shed light on one of the most intriguing barbarian groups The Longobards—also known as the Lombards or "longbeards"—were a polyethnic confederation of barbarians that created a kingdom in the area of modern Austria and western Hungary in the sixth century they conquered most of Italy in the later sixth century led by their ruler King Albion Veeramah and colleagues used advanced DNA techniques to sequence all the genomes of 63 individuals from two ancient cemeteries in Szólád that were previously associated with the Longobards This allowed them to examine the genetic data in the context of archaeological material at these sites to get a sense of the social organization of these communities in a way that hasn't been done before Each cemetery was found to be organized around one large family with at least two groups of differing ancestry and funeral customs identified at each location The team's findings demonstrate that the people in these cemeteries were very genetically diverse with some looking like modern northern or central Europeans and some looking like modern southern Europeans individuals with this more northern genetic ancestry tended to have lots of grave goods—weapons etc.—and be buried in a very elaborate way while those with a more southern ancestry tended to not possess such artifacts," he said "The northern-looking individuals also seemed to have much better diets in general—lots of meat for example," he said "This suggests that while these individuals were all part of the same overall community—because they were buried together—there was a social structure that was shown in how they were buried and that reflected different genetic backgrounds." the team were able to reconstruct complete genealogies of the people in these ancient cemeteries we found families of mostly males buried together spanning across three generations but only involving individuals with the northern European genetic ancestry and rich grave goods." "Females did not show such close relationships and showed evidence of being born elsewhere," he said "We would not have expected to see this kind of northern genetic ancestry in Italy This leads us to think that we are witnessing the migration of barbarians—in this case the so called 'Lombard migration'—described in the historical texts and that groups of closely related males were an important part of this migration process Women may have been acquired along the way or brought in from elsewhere once the group had settled." Barbarians certainly contributed to a major change in the socioeconomic and cultural landscape of the continent and would provide a foundation for modern European society there is a major debate amongst historians and archaeologists of the extent to which barbarians invaded the continent en masse versus a more modest change involving only the ruling elite of early Medieval towns and villages with the majority of the people who were present during the time of empire essentially remaining in place," he said "While we knew that Barbarians entered the Roman Empire once it fell we really had no idea about how they did this and in what kind of numbers," he said by combining genomic data from everyone in an ancient cemetery and comparing this to the archaeological data and textual information provides the first glimpse of this process suggesting biological kinship amongst groups of men was a key part of the process is to look at other cemeteries from this period that are associated both with the Lombards and other barbarian groups to see how widespread such phenomena were and to build up a better picture of life at the time Newsweek is committed to challenging conventional wisdom and finding connections in the search for common ground Newsletters in your inbox See all Home → Science → Archaeology The community was not a biologically homogeneous group it was composed of individuals with diverse ancestries The Roman Empire was arguably the greatest empire known to mankind the Romans ruled much of Europe and its neighboring areas establishing a flourishing system that was remarkably efficient Europe entered a period of significant social and political change It’s easy to assume that families who were in power in Roman times stayed in power — but this assumption isn’t necessarily true. A recent study looked at the elites that emerged from the ashes of the Roman Empire The study focused on a cemetery in Collegno, Italy, a burial site from the 6th to 8th centuries CE. The researchers sequenced and analyzed the genomes of 28 individuals from the cemetery and incorporated data from 24 previously published genomes. They also studied individuals’ patterns of social mobility, burial patterns, and diet “When the Roman Empire collapsed, we did not really know much about how new communities formed, yet many of these communities would go on to be the basis for modern European countries,” explains Veeramah an Associate Professor in the Department of Ecology & Evolution in the College of Arts and Sciences “Our study reveals that these elites were genetically surprisingly diverse families with diverse genetic ancestry would come together to form ruling groups.” the ruling group was established by and organized around a network of biologically and socially connected individuals — let’s say These individuals were likely part of multiple elite families that evolved into a single extended lineage through intermarriage The earliest members of this community had mixed Central and Northern European ancestry supporting the idea of a diverse elite group settling in the region the elite community also welcomed new members Individuals with different genetic backgrounds began appearing at the site The presence of these individuals with distinct genetic ancestry suggests a new group arrived and integrated into the community during its later stages further adding to the site’s diversity The study is consistent with findings from other areas “In 2018, our team published a paper that demonstrated genomic and cultural similarities between Collegno and Szólád a village in modern Hungary that showed a significant correspondence between individuals with a northern European ancestry in both,” adds Patrick Geary “Our new study follows the transformation of this Italian community over a century and shows how new groups moved into and merged with the existing inhabitants.” This highlights the community’s ability to incorporate diverse cultural practices This might have been just the way things happened or it could have been a strategy to enhance social cohesion and resilience mobility played a crucial role in the formation and development of the Collegno community The integration of individuals from diverse genetic backgrounds into the community indicates a level of social fluidity that is not strictly bound by genetic or familial ties The presence of non-local strontium isotope signatures among some individuals suggests that even within this elite group there was considerable movement and interaction with other regions All of this goes to show that these elites were not simply remnants of the Roman aristocracy Some undoubtedly came from wealthy Roman families But others were newly formed groups that included individuals from various backgrounds Their ability to integrate newcomers and maintain social cohesion was likely a key factor in their success and longevity The study “The role of emerging elites in the formation and development of communities after the fall of the Roman Empire” was published in the journal PNAS © 2007-2025 ZME Science - Not exactly rocket science © 2007-2025 ZME Science - Not exactly rocket science Bertone went bust in 2014 when it was declared bankrupt the brand was sold to Akka Italia of Collegno a division of the French engineering company AKKA Technologies It changed hands again in 2020 when Ideactive a company owned by brothers Mauro and Jean-Franck Ricci The official revival will take place next week with the unveiling of an all-new hypercar teased today Details are still shrouded in mystery, but Bertone does say its performance machine has been engineered to run on fuel made from plastic waste the new official teaser is surprisingly revealing once you modify the image's exposure and brightness but the company remains tight-lipped about the powertrain hiding behind the seats From what we can tell, the design won't revolutionize the sports car segment since the car has a familiar look. Some will probably see a McLaren 720s or a Lotus Emira in that side profile but we're nevertheless still excited to see what a fabled name can come up with for 2023 Previous teasers have provided an early look at the front and rear which seemed to have a modern look while taking advantage of LED technology Going forward, we're being told Bertone will become a "high-end manufacturer of limited edition hypercars, merging Italian elegance with breathtaking performance." Leading the way will be this mysterious model scheduled to premiere a week from tomorrow, on Wednesday, December 21, at 3 PM CET / 2 PM GMT / 9 AM Eastern. Video: The Bugatti Bolide's Track Pace Will Melt Your Mind A New Grand Theft Auto VI Trailer Just Dropped. It Looks Insane China Promises a Supercar 'Better' Than a Ferrari SF90 The New Jeep Compass May Not Come to the US The Toyota Corolla Looks Even Better With White Wheels Ferrari 296 Speciale: Carbon Parts, More Downforce, Nuclear Speed Custom bike building is reinvigorating the motorcycle movement one bike at a time, flipping existing limits of form and function upside down.  The Triumph Speed Triple MY 2000 designed and executed by Metalbike Garage (MBG) of Collegno, Torino, is a perfect example of a transformation that pushes past existing boundaries, transforming a naked bike into a fully-faired street bike with a “sinuous and fluid form” inspired by “organic geometry.”   Video: If Custom Motorcycles Can Be Pornographic, This Is It Dutch Designer Unveils Shocking Custom BMW R80 Since its formation in 2009 founder and solo builder of MBG has created the Speed Triple caught the attention of renowned custom bike builder Shinya Kimura of Chabott Engineering  of California Lecca is an artisan builder who executes his builds with the utmost attention to detail and an eye for smooth “Metalbike Garage is more than a garage dedicated to custom bikes,” describes their website bio but deep down takes its skills very seriously.” Together they design and promote the custom creations that Lecca then builds and that represent their core values-to use the latest technology and highest quality materials to produce the highest quality of craftsmanship This aesthetic is evident in all their designs This Speed Triple is a molded metal masterpiece that somehow still feels like a naked bike despite have a generous fairing With is handcrafted saddlery and “body in aluminum completely hand-modeled; executed in only two parts It could be that it leaves exposed significant portions of the chassis and exhaust system or that the front end seems to be gently nudging the airstream through its sleek head light assembly for many reasons this creative collaboration of metal on metal on metal feels futuristic and vintage simultaneously uniquely drawing together a café-racer chic with sport bike strength Sources: Metalbike Garage Is This the Triumph Sportbike Fairing Kit Of Your Wildest Dreams This Prototype Motorcycle Racing Helmet Has Insane Aerodynamics Triumph Is Finally Bringing Back Roulette Green Kawasaki is Building a Supercharged 250 Horsepower UTV Recall: 2022-2024 Triumph Speed Triple RS And RR Could Have Engine Overheat Triumph Announces 2024 Returning Model Lineup With New Color Schemes SERRAVALLE: Erhaghewu 22, Savio 12, Pilati 5, De Filippo, Ragazzini 12, Lazzari 4, Isaia 3, Mittica 6, Ruiu 3, Marrale, Pavone 9, Speretta 1. Coach Gatti. (TL: 7/14, T2: 20/40, T3: 10/23) TARROS SPEZIA: Pettinaroli 8, Manto 7, Ramirez 3, Gogishvili 9, Merlo 14, Loschi 11, Morciano 23, Steffanini, Tedeschi, Dias 14. Coach Mori. (TL: 10/13, T2: 26/39, T3: 9/24) Referees: Leonardo Petruzzi from Cusano Milanino and Fabio Brambilla from Vimercate Caterina Balivo gioca con le parole della lingua italiana 2025 Copyright LA7 S.p.A - P.IVA 12391010159 Licenza SIAE 3344/I/3215