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by Ernesto Lella We have reached the second year of this memory of Nicholas Ugon
a historic Ercolano merchant whose business has exceeded 60 years and is now masterfully run by his daughters Laura and Roberta
after he decided to race through the skies in his 500 to look down on us with satisfaction
because seeing 77 of "his" 500s pass in front of his shop (yes
all the Cinquecento enthusiasts of Campania have known the legendary Ugon
even just for a tip) in a continuous parade
going and returning so we could then position ourselves in the ZTL of the center
could only have been welcome.Even this year
because there were two moments of aggregation agreed with mayor Ciro Buonajuto who strongly wanted the event again and gave each participant a touching souvenir parchment
Also worthy of mention is the councilor Pius Valletti
who contributed to the meticulous organization
in addition to "extending the ZTL" when he realized that the cars were exceeding the limit
perfectly coordinating all the patrols that accompanied our morning
colorful and honking “snake” through the small streets of the city.Appointment at 9 in Pugliano Square (or Resina
which gives its name to the homonymous market of used and vintage clothes
where you can get great deals for those who love the genre and is known by all the "insiders")
But when we arrived at 8,30 there were already about twenty early risers
even with the scooter as Giuseppe Raffaele
our legendary “Peppe 'o Fotografo” who immortalizes our gatherings with splendid images
breakfast offered by the Ugon sisters and at 10,30:XNUMX greeting from the mayor and the authorities with “exchange of gifts”
the appointment for next year.The Campania representative is present Domenico Filippella
the newly elected trustee of Salerno Bruno Gennatiempo
in addition of course to the trustees of Naples Center and Naples South Antonello Martina e Francesco Puzone
many members and even non-members who have expressed their desire to join the Club
necessary stop at the Autoricambi Ugon shop and settling into the ZTL for the static display of the cars on display for the enjoyment of hundreds of people
families with children (the Club's balloons were very welcome) and above all many amazed and pleased tourists who
"forced" to pass directly to visit the excavations of Herculaneum
brought back photos and selfies of our shiny little boxes as an added value to their visit
in this wonderful place where time has stopped
offering us a glimpse into the life of our ancestors 2000 years ago and unfortunately also of the sudden death of those who were surprised by the catastrophe.Enthusiastic balance
which once again confirms the power of our passion that can involve anyone
ordinary people who stop us to tell anecdotes
memories that emerge in the memory accompanied by big smiles
Official closing on Monday in the office of Col
Vanacore (absent from the event due to force majeure)
who welcomed us with a dazzling smile that showed all the satisfaction for the great success of the event in his city
When we made a dutiful apology for exceeding the number of cars
he answered us even more pleased: «But you understood that they also called me
telling me “these (us) said that reservations are closed
Nico': see what you can do…”» and he greeted us by adding: «Okay
next year we'll extend the ZTL again and do it 100 machines»…the sixteenth-century syndrome has struck again
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discusses the treatment of sarcomas in an era of molecular medicine
orthopedic oncologist and chief of musculoskeletal oncology at Allegheny Health Network
Over 100 histological subtypes of sarcomas have been characterized to date
clinicians hope to be able to use targeted treatments for specific mutations and further understand the molecular differences between tumor types
0:10 | We definitely have learned a lot in terms of being able to sequence these tumors and get down to the molecular level
I'd say that that's been most helpful in diagnosis thus far
There's a number of types of bone sarcomas
there's actually sort of hundreds of types of soft tissue sarcomas
and that number keeps getting longer and longer as we continue to sort of subdivide some of these out
That's where a lot of the molecular work has helped us
0:44 | Whereas once there used to be an entity called malignant fibrous histiocytoma
that name doesn't even exist anymore for soft tissue sarcomas because now we know that that thing is actually many different things that we've been able to parse out
We've been able to do that with an understanding of the molecular differences between these different tumor types
the goal is that that can turn into targeted treatments for each of these
we have drugs that target these specific mutations that come about
in terms of finding drugs that drastically improve outcomes
There are some that we think help with prolonging what we call disease-free survival and things like that
but we haven't had any total breakthroughs yet
That speaks to the fact that we need more research and more money to do research
which is hard because it's a rare disease
It kind of gets lumped into the orphan diseases
and doesn't get as much notice or funding as other types of cancers
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Big news for history buffs and the morbidly curious: An ancient Roman beach is now open to the public for the first time since it was destroyed by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD
The beach at the Herculaneum archaeological park, located in the southern Italian region of Campania, opened on Wednesday after a multi-year restoration project
after three years of intensive work aimed at the enhancement of the ancient beach of the Herculaneum excavations
by draining and filling the area formerly occupied by the sandy shore
visitors are given free access over the entire area and an understanding of the dynamics that led to the burial of the city," said Carabinieri Brigadier General Giovanni Capasso
Abbiamo riaperto l’antica spiaggia di Herculaneum, all’interno del Parco Archeologico di Ercolano. Il nostro impegno sta ridando splendore e valore a questo luogo. Grazie al direttore Francesco Sirano e al personale per il loro impegno. pic.twitter.com/tEvpl6YBwP
Herculaneum — named for the Greek god Hercules — is believed to have been founded by the Oscans in the 7th century BC and dominated by Rome in 90 BC. Its location on Italy's west coast and mild climate made it a popular resort town for Rome's patrician families
It was much smaller (both demographically and geographically) than the city of Pompeii
Both were destroyed in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius
buried by clouds of ash and volcanic debris that preserved them in place for centuries
Herculaneum lay buried longer, beneath some 50 meters of ash, until it was discovered by accident in 1709 as a worker drilled a well for a monastery
A series of excavations of the site during the 18th and 19th centuries uncovered parts of buildings, ornate works of art, papyrus scrolls and other artifacts
But archaeologists found few human remains in Herculaneum
unlike the perfectly preserved casts of bodies at Pompeii
That led them to believe that most of the city's inhabitants had been able to escape the volcano's wrath in the direction of Naples
uncovered the skeletons of more than 300 people in stone boathouses near the beach
The human remains hold clues for researchers about how inhabitants of Herculaneum both lived and died
One famous skeleton, for example, is referred to as the "Ringed Lady," because of the emerald and ruby rings sparkling on her finger. Another, first discovered in the 1980s near the remains of a boat, is now thought to belong to a senior Roman soldier likely sent on a rescue mission
And in their most recent dig in 2021, archaeologists uncovered the remains and personal belongings of a man they are calling "the last fugitive." The black and reddish bones (stained by blood
experts say) of a man believed to be between 40 and 45 years old were found just steps away from the shoreline
“He was possibly escaping with his treasures," conservator Nunzia Laino told The Guardian at the time
The boathouses, with their arched entryways and skeleton replicas
Park director Francesco Sirano said in a news release that the conservation work aimed to reduce the risk of flooding
restore the original level of the beach and bring back sand
to "let everyone walk on the beach again."
"If we turn our heads to where the sea once was
we become modern explorers of the immense blanket of volcanic flows that covered the city in a few hours," he added
"And we cannot help ourselves from sharing almost the sense of total annihilation of our human condition in the face of the evidence of [the] cataclysm of 79 AD."
The beach area is one of multiple sites visitors can explore at Herculaneum. Other popular attractions open to the public include well-preserved baths, an underground theater and luxurious residences with elaborate mosaics
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Reading"Illustrator Derek Ercolano’s..."
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his portfolio was filled to the brim with weird and colourful characters set among a 70s sci-fi landscape and psychedelic hues
He’s still hitting the mark with the exceptionally strange and surreal figures
The artist has transitioned into an experimentation with darker tones and simplifying his technique
We caught up with Derek to find out more about this transition to the darker side
Tell us about your transition: what have you learnt from this phase of work
I have always been a bit uncomfortable with ‘shading’ my work
I was never into drawing with a pencil — it was the spontaneity and immediateness of drawing with a pen that felt exciting to me
I think the most exciting part of approaching images in this way is the feeling of not quite being sure of how things will turn out in the end
over time this approach has given my work a sort of graphic quality that eventually I felt a bit too comfortable with
I decided to start exploring tone and value in my work to see if it would be something that would allow me to experiment with things in a new way
I would say that doing things in this way over the last year has made me become a bit more mindful of my compositions which I feel has benefitted my work
Run us through this “experiment with tone and value”
How do you achieve this and how does this tie in with your colour images
The first few images I made while experimenting with this technique were actually in colour and they were fantastically bad
I decided that if took colour out of the equation I would make myself focus on the bare essentials
I intended to add colour to the images after completing them
but I found something really refreshing about keeping the images in black and white
sort of cosmic feeling that I got from them and I decided I wanted to continue to explore it
Although the work doesn’t have the bright colours I usually gravitate towards
I feel that the images have a new level of detail that makes them bold in a different way
has there been any notable changes in the way you create art or graphics
I would say one big difference is that I am planning things out a bit more in the sketch phase and doing small tests with different light source options on paper
before then moving on to create the final image
While this makes things a bit more planned out in the beginning
the process of adding the shadows at the end feels very freeing for me and I am always surprised by how the final result turns out
Were you given a brief with your latest work
they are part of a running series for a club concept here in Oslo called Cosmic Oslo
where I collaborate with a graphic designer friend
In the posters we are asked to create images that channel the spirit of the cosmic disco being played
The inherent sci-fi themes and sounds from a lot of the records being played at these club nights give us a pretty big universe to play in that feels right at home with me
I often try to sift through campy sci-fi concepts that I can twist in a new direction
Is there a particular message you’re trying to convey
I am often playing around with ideas based around reality
consciousness and identity framed through the lens of some sort of character in a surreal situation
This is more of an unconscious thing that I can identify while looking back
I guess I have my high school years to thank for colouring my approach
as I was obsessed with Rene Laloux and Moebius
Derek Ercolano & Bendik Høibraaten: Cosmic Oslo Spring 2017
Derek Ercolano & Bendik Høibraaten: Cosmic Oslo Winter 2017
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When we last wrote about Derek Ercolano’s work
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one of downtown Redding’s oldest retail stores
is closing later this spring after more than 25 years in business
Owners Denise Craig and Kelli Ercolano said they have talked about retiring for a couple of years and decided now is the time
They bought the store from the original owner in 2000
“We have had the store for 21 years and we just felt like even before COVID happened that we were going to retire this year
The store on Market Street is currently hosting a retirement sale
Ercolano said they plan is to close after business April 30
“But it will depend on both what we have in inventory left and what tenant comes in and when,” she said
They own the building and are currently searching for a tenant that will lease it out
Boardmart was established in 1995 by Ben and Jean Mattox and then purchased by the Craig and Ercolano families five years later
Denise Craig worked for Ben Mattox at Alpine Outfitters before she helped opened Boardmart 26 years ago
The store has been a family affair for years
works at Boardmart and on Wednesday was doing snowboard tune-ups
Both Denise Craig and Kelli Ercolano said they will miss their customers
“All this time there is people we see every season
whether they are water or snow (enthusiasts) or both
we just made a lot of friends through the business,” Ercolano said
Said Craig: “We have met a lot of great people coming in and supporting us
so that is what we are going to miss the most.”
RELATED: 'This is a good feeling, honestly': Redding celebrates Market Street reopening
Craig and Ercolano have championed downtown and have watched the city’s old core experience growing pains
Their decision to close comes as the city recently reopened Market Street to vehicle traffic
about a block from Boardmart’s front door
“It’s really good to see and I really like the way it looks,” Ercolano said
“I think they did a really good job blending the new with the hold
… It would have been nice if it would have been earlier
Craig said they both plan to stay in Redding and will enjoy watching downtown grow and prosper
We are just happy to be a part of it,” she said
While they are not closing due to the pandemic
Ercolano said it’s been challenging for a small business like theirs
It was really scary for a while,” she said
it didn’t hit us hard like a lot of restaurants and other businesses.”
With plenty of snow in the mountains keeping Mt
Craig said this winter season has been good for Boardmart
The store does most of its business in the winter
RELATED: Some small businesses in Redding hang by a thread as the pandemic grinds on
"It's been a really good year for snow," Craig said
We "decided it would be great to go out on a good note when everything business wise is going well."
Ercolano per la legalità (Ercolano for Legality)
was inaugurated in 2006 by the local administration
and was headed by one of the businesspeople who had rejected the pizzo
Discussions held at the association and attended by businesspeople
the Carabinieri and the local administration made it clear that there was a disconnect between the three groups responsible for tackling the crime
Not only was there a lack of denunciations
it also became evident that the Carabinieri had not done enough in the past to support the businesspeople who had showed the courage to report their extorters
leaving them to be approached by different extortionists instead
The business community simply did not trust the Carabinieri to protect them in the period following any potential trial
leaving them exposed if they were ever to report their extorters
Occasional mass arrests in the preceding years had done little to tackle the clans
instead creating vacuums that were filled by other rival groups
These arrests had little effect on the norm of pizzo payment other than to force businesspeople at times to pay multiple clans
a novel strategy that encouraged businesses to denounce their Camorra extortionists was therefore adopted
the lieutenant of the Carabinieri began visiting the businesses one-by-one
assuring them that they could denounce the clans without concerns for their safety
Whilst the anti-racket movement continued to meet
and many businesses remained unwilling to go out on a limb on the word of some Carabinieri lieutenant
‘most of [the businesses] already knew… they would even have the envelope [of money] ready… they would pay without discussion… everyone paid… there wasn’t anyone who didn’t pay’
the area was regarded as the model case for how to defeat mafia racketeering: the Ercolano Model
“They would pay without discussion… everyone paid… there wasn’t anyone who didn’t pay”
I set about studying an anti-mafia movement that had successfully uprooted its local criminal associations
I wanted to know how a community with deeply rooted norms of pizzo payment was able to overcome omertà
the silence that often prevented businesses from denouncing their extorters
and what could be learned and applied to cases elsewhere
I wanted to know what other efforts were being made in the streets and by community associations to challenge the Camorra and the cultures that encouraged young people to join this world
I did this through a long-term ethnographic study
applying a grounded approach that was followed by interviews with figures in the local anti-Camorra movement that I identified during fieldwork
This involved interaction with the shopkeepers themselves
members of local Civil Society associations such as Church parishes
youth associations and overtly anti-Camorra associations
combined with daily interactions working and living as an English teacher in the area
important than repression by law enforcement agencies in uprooting criminal associations
This was particularly the case given that much of their power relied on deeply rooted norms present in these areas
What this situation required was deeper social and cultural change
The distrust that characterised the shopkeepers’ view of the Carabinieri was overturned
with the Carabinieri proving that they could be relied upon and were fighting on the same side
Dr Chris Bowkett is a recent PhD graduate at the University of Bath
His research interests include the anti-mafia movement in Italy and organised crime more broadly
Main image credit: Del-Uks, via Flickr
The views expressed in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of RUSI or any other institution
Del-Uks
Copyright 2025 | The Royal United Services Institute for Defence and Security Studies | RUSI is registered as a charity in England and Wales - Charity number: 210639 | VAT number: GB752275038
Volume 6 - 2015 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00987
Our understanding of plant–pathogen interactions is making rapid advances in order to address issues of global importance such as improving agricultural productivity and sustainable food security
resulting in a wide diversity of defense mechanisms adapted to specific threats
The postulated PTI/ETI model describes two perception layers of plant innate immune system
which belong to a first immunity component of defense response activation
To better describe the sophisticated defense system of plants
This model considers the plant’s ability to distinguish the feeding behavior of their many foes
such as a second component that modulates innate immunity
This hypothesis provides a new viewpoint highlighting the relevance of hormone crosstalk and primary metabolism in regulating plant defense against the different behaviors of pathogens with the intention to stimulate further interest in this research area
also known as a non-specific immune system
defends the host from infection by other organisms in a non-specific manner
Two different resistance directions are supposed to be activated in a multi-trophic interaction
Once a plant containing a R-gene (different green shades) comes in contact with biotrophic or necrotrophic pathogens
only an incompatible interaction will activate the plant resistance
the interaction spaces of plant resistance (green triangle) and of biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens (blue and red rectangles
The intersections of interaction spaces identify three plant–pathogen interaction areas: two are pathogen lifestyle-related (small black triangles) and one is common (violet circle)
The synergic effect of immunity activation and of pathogen lifestyle-dependent components result in plant immunity to biotrophic or necrotrophic pathogens
Once a plant comes in contact with a biotrophic or necrotrophic pathogen, only an incompatible interaction will create an exchange of information necessary to activate the plant resistance. The feeding behavior of the pathogen also influences the activation of a second immunity component that is responsible for the differential modulation of the resistance, which will drive the resistance in right direction (Rolland et al., 2006). In Figure 1
two small black triangles depict the overlapping areas between host (green triangle) and biotrophic/necrotrophic pathogens (blue and red rectangles
that initiate the IAC converging in the pathogen-specific plant immunity
The model schematically shows the key points of activation and modulation of plant immunity
Plant resistance mechanism of an incompatible interaction might be divided into three phases: (1) interaction
two principal effects are detected: (A) modifications of virulence factor targets and (B) specific alterations of primary plant metabolism
In the activation stage: the modifications of virulence factor targets induce the Nibblers Triggered Signaling (NTS) or PPRs Triggered Signaling (PTS)
These metabolic alterations induce a feedback regulation of primary metabolic pathways resulting in a Hormone Tempered Resistance (HTR)
and the HTR converge to confer a resistance specific to the lifestyle of pathogen (Pathogen lifestyle-Specific Resistance
the specific lifestyle of pathogens requires a specific response
the IAC and the Immunity Modulation Component (IMC) converge in a unique response of resistance specific to the lifestyle of pathogen (Pathogen lifestyle-Specific Immunity
Our IAC/IMC model presents a schematic representation of plant innate immune components in which plant hormones play a leading role in determining the outcome
The plant possesses an internal and external receptor repertoire that can activate prompt pathogen recognition
Plant global awareness requires a metabolic response directly bearing on the established interaction
More studies are necessary to identify additional components involved in defense responses as well as a detailed characterization of the mechanisms underlying such responses
Conceived and designed the model and was centrally involved in manuscript writing: GA
Elucidated the meaning and revised the paper: MRE
Both authors read and approved the final manuscript
This research was carried out within the GenoPOM-Pro Project funded by the Italian Ministry of Education
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest
Michael Van Oosten for language editing and Dr
Paolo Iovieno for proofreading the manuscript and for assistance with the figures
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Citation: Andolfo G and Ercolano MR (2015) Plant Innate Immunity Multicomponent Model
Copyright © 2015 Andolfo and Ercolano. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY)
distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted
provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited
in accordance with accepted academic practice
distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms
*Correspondence: Maria R. Ercolano, ZXJjb2xhbm9AdW5pbmEuaXQ=
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The bride-to-be graduated from Secaucus High School in 2005 and Montclair State University in 2010
She is employed as a design assistant for Marie Chavez Jewelry in Montclair
The groom-to-be graduated from Vernon Township High School in 2006 and Montclair State University in 2011
He is the owner of Snap Fitness in Flemington
a baseball instructor for Garett Teel's baseball school in Wyckoff and head catching instructor and coach for West Morris Baseball Academy in Randolph
has become the first town to stop paying extortion money to the Camorra
A new freedom fiercely defended by the town's mayor and shopkeepers
Not even the pastor of the Church of the Santísimo Rosario (Holy Rosary) escaped
three generations of residents of Ercolano
a town of 55,000 located 14 kilometre from Naples
have done only one thing: grit their teeth and
stump up extortion money of between 150 and 1,500 euros every month that the members of the local Camorra demanded from the traders
in exchange for not making their lives impossible
half way between the sea and Vesuvius and famous for its Roman ruins
has said "Enough!" and so has become the first town in southern Italy that has dared to give the finger to the mob and refuse to yield to their extortion rackets
territory freed of extortion," will defiantly proclaim a sign soon to be put up prominently at the entrance to the town
"We no longer put up with abuses," proudly declare the banners hanging from many shop windows
according to the SOS Confesercenti association
extorting “pizzo” – the term for the ‘tax’ the Mafia impose on shopkeepers
backed up by threats and intimidation – brings some 10 billion euros each year into the coffers of organised crime in Italy and affects about 160,000 companies
"We’re free of it now in Ercolano,” says Giuseppe Scognamiglio
a station that speaks out against the Mafia and for the law
The station began broadcasting in 2009 from offices in what had been the headquarters of a local Camorra boss
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mobsters were walking down the street armed and driving about in armoured cars mounted with machine guns
and people were literally scared to death."
Ercolano's rebellion against the criminals began in 2004 when
for the first time in the history of the town
an entrepreneur dared to go to the security forces and report that a mobster had come into her shop and demanded money in exchange for not making life difficult for her
That bold shopkeeper is a flirtatious blonde lady
but up until that time they had never tried to extort from me
When that guy came to my shop and told me in a threatening tone that I had to pay up I was afraid
"But I thought it was better to close the shop than to live the rest of my life with that fear
and I went straight to the police station to report what happened”
“It’s better to die once than to die every day.”
The heroic act of Raffaella Ottaviano proved a memorable one
Especially since other business people who had dared to stand up to the Mafia had paid dearly for their audacity
who owned a bread bakery in the centre of Ercolano
Not only did the gangsters come one day to wave a gun to persuade her it was better to pay
when a man named Nino Daniele was elected mayor of Ercolano
which was then immersed in a bloody war between two Camorra clans that saw about one killing a week and where traders were being suffocated by the “pizzo”
but plenty of shops had been forced to close up because they couldn’t handle that burden
All the businesses in the town were in crisis
Ercolano was going through an economic and human drama
I had to do something,” the former mayor of the town recalls
and for the four years he was mayor worked hard to try to rebuild the trust of the inhabitants of Ercolano in the institutions and in the state
He not only dared to stand up and speak out against the mobsters
marching at the head of numerous popular demonstrations against them
he cancelled each and every municipal contract with companies suspected of being related to the Camorra
began to fight against the real-estate abuses so typical of organised crime
and dared to take part in many civil cases against camorristi..
He also brought in measures to encourage merchants to refuse pay the pizzo
passing for example a law that exempts them from all local taxes for three years in exchange for reporting extortion by the Mafia
he spearheaded the Ercolano Association against Mafia Extortions
The results have been striking: the law enforcement and judicial operations have put around 250 mobsters from Ercolano behind bars today
A total of 23 local businessmen who had to pay off the mob have summoned up the courage to denounce 41 members of organised criminal gangs and to take part in the legal actions now underway against them
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World Heritage partnerships for conservation
Ensuring that World Heritage sites sustain their outstanding universal value is an increasingly challenging mission in today’s complex world
where sites are vulnerable to the effects of uncontrolled urban development
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公元79年8月24日维苏威火山的爆发,吞没了两个繁盛的罗马城市:庞培和赫库兰尼姆以及那个地区的许多富家别墅。从18世纪中叶始,被掩埋的一切都逐渐挖掘出来并向公众公开开放。庞培商业城的广阔,与规模不大却保存完好的赫库兰尼姆假日胜地相得益彰,而托雷安农齐亚塔的奥普隆蒂斯别墅的壮丽壁画,呈现给我们一幅早期罗马帝国富裕的市民生活方式的生动画面。
Pompeii, with its well-preserved buildings in an excavated area of 44 ha, is the only archaeological site in the world that provides a complete picture of an ancient Roman city. The main forum is flanked by a number of imposing public buildings, such as the Capitolium, the Basilica and temples and within the city there are also many public bath complexes, two theatres and an amphitheatre.
Herculaneum’s urban districts and seafront display a higher level of preservation with noteworthy conservation of upper floors thanks to the pyroclastic material that buried the town. Organic matter was often carbonized by the high temperatures and exceptionally preserved finds include everyday objects such as foodstuffs, architectural elements and wooden furniture.
The suburban villas across the Vesuvian area are perhaps even more exceptional in terms of the scale of their buildings and grounds, as well as their lavish decorations. The Villa of the Mysteries is an enormous residence just outside Pompeii’s city walls, developed from a modest house built in the 3rd century BC, named from the remarkable wall paintings in the triclinium, which depict the initiation rites ('mysteries') of the cult of Dionysus.
There were many changes to these buildings over time in response to changing circumstances of the owners; these include repairs and adjustments that were a response to the seismic events that led up to the AD 79 eruption and reflect a community living with changing environmental and economic conditions.
A special feature of Pompeii is the wealth of graffiti on its walls. An election was imminent at the time of the eruption, and there are many political slogans scrawled on walls, as well as others of a more personal nature, often defamatory. At Herculaneum, the volcanic deposits preserved hundreds of wax tablets, some of which conserve legal documents, and more than 1,800 papyri scrolls containing Greek philosophical texts were found at the Villa of the Papyri.
The diverse range of literary sources available in Pompeii and Herculaneum provides a picture of the final decades of these ancient cities and the image of socially complex and dynamic communities, representing exceptional evidence of typical ways of life in Roman society in the first century AD and the importance of texts in political and private life.
Another important legacy of the twentieth century was the presentation of Herculaneum to the public as an ‘open-air museum’, perhaps Europe’s first, with buildings reconstructed based on archaeological evidence and displays of original objects within the archaeological site. This concept of ‘open-air museum’ had already been adopted in some buildings in Pompeii, as a medium to communicate the meaning of ancient spaces, at the end of the 19th century.
Criterion (iii): Pompeii and Herculaneum are the only Roman cities ruins preserved in such an exceptional way and have no parallels in integrity and extent in the world. The villas in Torre Annunziata have the best preserved wall paintings of the Roman period.
Criterion (iv): The sites of Pompeii, Herculaneum and Torre Annunziata provide a full picture of Roman life from the 1st century BC to the 1st century AD through the urban, architectural, decorative and daily life aspects that have been preserved. The villa A in Torre Annunziata is the most significant example of suburban villa of the Roman period.
Criterion (v): The sites of Pompeii, Herculaneum and Torre Annunziata are outstanding examples of urban and suburban Roman settlements. They also provide a vivid and comprehensive picture of Roman life at one precise moment: the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 AD.
A general shift in conservation approaches in the 21st century is favouring authenticity; instead of concentrating on single buildings, conservation campaigns are focusing on entire districts of the ancient towns, consisting of one or more insulae, and so achieving a more coordinated and homogenous result.
Despite the nature and quality of earlier restoration and reconstruction works, the authenticity of the individual components and the ancient urban and suburban fabric as a whole is very high.
The property was protected by the provisions of past Law No 1089/1939 and since 2004 is under the Legislative Decree No 42/2004 (“Cultural Heritage and Landscape Code”). The perimeter of the Pompeii site is protected by the Decree of June 10th 1929. Environmental legislation in the form of the Legislative Decree No 42/2004 extended this protection to a wider area. All buildings and excavation works within the modern towns around the sites must be approved by the relevant heritage authorities.
At Herculaneum, where most of the ancient city lies under the modern town, additional protection is offered by development restrictions of the high-risk zone of Mount Vesuvius and wider Regional territorial plans.
The Vesuvius National Park also provides additional layers of protection of the broader setting while the MAB Biosphere designation provides a framework to promote further coordination.
The 3 component parts are owned by the State and, together with the immediate surrounding areas, are managed by the Archaeological Park of Pompeii (also overseeing the villas in Torre Annunziata) and the Archaeological Park of Herculaneum, two autonomous institutions established recently as part of a broader ministerial reform which attempts to bring decision making closer to the sites themselves.
These local heritage authorities include technical/scientific (archaeologists, architects, restorers), security and reception staff. Annual visitor numbers at the sites exceeds two and a half million (half of these are estimated to be foreign visitors).
A major public-private partnership, the Herculaneum Conservation Project, has shaped conservation and site management and enhancement at Herculaneum since 2001. The ‘Grande Progetto Pompei’, approximately a 5-year project begun in 2012 with the European Union has, among other things, stabilized and conserved buildings in the areas of highest risk at Pompeii.
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How to Visit the Archaeological Site of Herculaneum, Italy
Volume 10 - 2019 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.02801
This article is part of the Research TopicInnate Lymphoid Cells in Cancer: Friends or Foes?View all 12 articles
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) represent the most recently identified family of innate lymphocytes that act as first responders
maintaining tissue homeostasis and protecting epithelial barriers
group 2 ILCs (ILC2s) have emerged as key regulators in several immunological processes such as asthma and allergy
Whilst ILC2s are currently being evaluated as novel targets for immunotherapy in these diseases
their involvement in tumor immunity has only recently begun to be deciphered
we provide a comprehensive overview of the pleiotropic roles of ILC2s in different tumor settings
we discuss how different therapeutic approaches targeting ILC2s could improve the efficacy of current tumor immunotherapies
we discuss potential strategies to exploit ILC2 biology to improve the efficacy of current tumor immunotherapies
Schematic representation of pro- and anti-tumor roles of ILC2s
Summary of the known pro- and anti-tumor roles of ILC2s
For bibliographic details refer to the work cited in the main manuscript
These findings were also confirmed in an APL mouse model raising the possibility of finding the same axis in other tumors
including solid tumors such as prostate cancer (see “ILC2s in prostate cancer” section)
The use of tumor-bearing ILC2 KO mice transferred with ILC2s isolated from wild-type donor mice might represent a good strategy to dissect the contribution of ILC2s in the T-cell mediated anti-tumor responses
These results highlight the concept that the BC immunosuppressive environment is
driven by ILC2-derived IL-13 that may be contributing to the failure of current BC therapies
the ratio between T cells and M-MDSCs may also have an impact on the response to treatment
since patients with a high T cell/MDSC ratio show improved survival with reduced risk of recurrence
more research is needed to better understand the role of ILC2s in this type of cancer
no data is available to date on ILC2-derived AREG in CRC development and progression
promote tumor growth upon IL-33 stimulation
The authors show that mast cells are more abundant than ILC2s in gastric tumors and secrete macrophage-chemoattractant colony-stimulating factor 2 (CSF2)
and IL-6 in response to activation by tumor-derived IL-33
In ST2 deficient animals (gp130FF ST2−/− mice)
which was increased upon adoptive transfer of ST2+ wild type bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMC)
additional studies with adoptive transfer of ST2+ wild type ILC2s could help to determine the individual contribution of mast cells and ILC2s in this cancer setting
it is still unknown whether ILC2s and ILC2-derived AREG are involved in this pro-tumoral axis
The use of ILC2 KO mice could represent a strategy to address the role of AREG-producing ILC2s in the context of breast cancer
The use of neutralizing antibodies directed against IL-5 may be useful to confirm the involvement of ILC2s in metastatic melanoma
in the absence of sufficient data on the function of ILC2s in lung cancer
it is too early to define their role in this setting
Ultimately with constant new discoveries in the ILC2 field in health and disease
immunotherapies focusing on the functional targeting of ILC2 are fast approaching clinical realization
ST and CJ wrote and critically revised the manuscript
All authors provided approval for publication of the manuscript
This work was supported by grants from the Swiss National Science Foundation (PZ00P3_161459 and PR00P3_179727
the Swiss Cancer League (KFS-3710-08-2015-R
and by the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research
Innate lymphoid cells–a proposal for uniform nomenclature
Innate production of T(H)2 cytokines by adipose tissue-associated c-Kit(+)Sca-1(+) lymphoid cells
Nuocytes represent a new innate effector leukocyte that mediates type-2 immunity
Systemically dispersed innate IL-13-expressing cells in type 2 immunity
TSLP elicits IL-33-independent innate lymphoid cell responses to promote skin inflammation
Characteristics of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and their role in immunological disorders (an update)
Human type 1 innate lymphoid cells accumulate in inflamed mucosal tissues
Influence of the transcription factor RORgammat on the development of NKp46+ cell populations in gut and skin
Expression of c-Kit discriminates between two functionally distinct subsets of human type 2 innate lymphoid cells
Correction: KLRG1 and NKp46 discriminate subpopulations of human CD117(+)CRTH2(-) ILCs biased toward ILC2 or ILC3
Lack of proliferative capacity of human effector and memory T cells expressing killer cell lectinlike receptor G1 (KLRG1)
Killer cell lectin-like receptor G1 binds three members of the classical cadherin family to inhibit NK cell cytotoxicity
lineage-negative KLRG1(hi) cells are multipotential 'inflammatory' type 2 innate lymphoid cells
Neuronal regulation of type 2 innate lymphoid cells via neuromedin U
The neuropeptide neuromedin U stimulates innate lymphoid cells and type 2 inflammation
The neuropeptide NMU amplifies ILC2-driven allergic lung inflammation
Prostaglandin E2 suppresses human group 2 innate lymphoid cell function
Transcriptional atlas of intestinal immune cells reveals that neuropeptide alpha-CGRP modulates group 2 innate lymphoid cell responses
Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells amplify allergic asthma responses
Type 2 innate lymphoid cells control eosinophil homeostasis
Neuropeptide CGRP limits group 2 innate lymphoid cell responses and constrains type 2 inflammation
Calcitonin gene-related peptide negatively regulates alarmin-driven type 2 innate lymphoid cell responses
beta2-adrenergic receptor-mediated negative regulation of group 2 innate lymphoid cell responses
Innate lymphoid cells promote lung-tissue homeostasis after infection with influenza virus
Cytokine-induced endogenous production of prostaglandin D2 is essential for human group 2 innate lymphoid cell activation
consortium-based genomewide association study of asthma
Human intrahepatic ILC2 are IL-13positive amphiregulinpositive and their frequency correlates with model of end stage liver disease score
Cancer immunology and cancer immunodiagnosis
Tumour-derived PGD2 and NKp30-B7H6 engagement drives an immunosuppressive ILC2-MDSC axis
Activated innate lymphoid cell populations accumulate in human tumour tissues
Interleukin-33/ST2 axis promotes breast cancer growth and metastases by facilitating intratumoral accumulation of immunosuppressive and innate lymphoid cells
Targeting of IL-4 and IL-13 receptors for cancer therapy
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells: linking inflammation and cancer
Amphiregulin enhances regulatory T cell-suppressive function via the epidermal growth factor receptor
Regulation of carcinogenesis by IL-5 and CCL11: a potential role for eosinophils in tumor immune surveillance
Incidence and survival of hematological cancers among adults ages >/=75 years
CD127+ innate lymphoid cells are dysregulated in treatment naive acute myeloid leukemia patients at diagnosis
Intratumorally establishing type 2 innate lymphoid cells blocks tumor growth
CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar
Recent advances in prostate cancer treatment and drug discovery
The tumor microenvironment in prostate cancer: elucidating molecular pathways for therapy development
Tyrphostin RG14620 selectively reverses ABCG2-mediated multidrug resistance in cancer cell lines
CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar
Type 2 innate lymphocytes actuate immunity against tumours and limit cancer metastasis
Epidemiology of bladder cancer: a systematic review and contemporary update of risk factors in 2018
EAU guidelines on non-muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: update 2016
Advances in risk stratification of bladder cancer to guide personalized medicine
and clinical trial designs for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: recommendations from the international bladder cancer group
ILC2-modulated T cell-to-MDSC balance is associated with bladder cancer recurrence
Systematic review of colorectal cancer screening guidelines for average-risk adults: Summarizing the current global recommendations
Long-term mortality after screening for colorectal cancer
Immune landscape of colorectal cancer tumor microenvironment from different primary tumor location
The Tec kinase ITK is essential for ILC2 survival and epithelial integrity in the intestine
Human innate lymphoid cell subsets possess tissue-type based heterogeneity in phenotype and frequency
IL-33 activates tumor stroma to promote intestinal polyposis
Soluble IL-33 receptor sST2 inhibits colorectal cancer malignant growth by modifying the tumour microenvironment
The IL-33/ST2 pathway contributes to intestinal tumorigenesis in humans and mice
IL-33 facilitates proliferation of colorectal cancer dependent on COX2/PGE2
Interleukin-33 in Malignancies: Friends or Foes
CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar
The multiple roles of amphiregulin in human cancer
The correlations between serum amphiregulin and other clinicopathological factors in colorectal cancer
Increased claudin-1 protein expression in hepatic metastatic lesions of colorectal cancer
Mechanisms of metastasis and cell mobility - the role of metabolism
Emerging functions of amphiregulin in orchestrating immunity
PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar
Progress in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer
Anti program death-1/anti program death-ligand 1 in digestive cancers
Risk factors for gastric cancer: a systematic review
Gastric cancer: how can we reduce the incidence of this disease
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells are involved in skewed type 2 immunity of gastric diseases induced by Helicobacter pylori infection
Arginase 1 is an innate lymphoid-cell-intrinsic metabolic checkpoint controlling type 2 inflammation
Arginase1 deficiency in monocytes/macrophages upregulates inducible nitric oxide synthase to promote cutaneous contact hypersensitivity
Polarization of ILC2s in peripheral blood might contribute to immunosuppressive microenvironment in patients with gastric cancer
IL-33-mediated protection against experimental cerebral malaria is linked to induction of type 2 innate lymphoid cells
Acquired resistance to cancer immunotherapy: Role of tumor-mediated immunosuppression
IL-33-mediated mast cell activation promotes gastric cancer through macrophage mobilization
10:2735 (2019) doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-10676
Breast cancer in the 21st century: from early detection to new therapies
CD24 signalling through macrophage Siglec-10 is a target for cancer immunotherapy
PD-L1 expression in breast cancer: expression in subtypes and prognostic significance: a systematic review
Molecular portraits of human breast tumours
Immunotherapy in breast cancer: an introduction
Amphiregulin regulates proliferation and migration of HER2-positive breast cancer cells
Current state of melanoma diagnosis and treatment
Targeted agents and immunotherapies: optimizing outcomes in melanoma
A pilot trial of the combination of transgenic NY-ESO-1-reactive adoptive cellular therapy with dendritic cell vaccination with or without ipilimumab
Ebiomedicine The tumor microenvironment: a druggable target for metastatic disease
CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar
Type 2 innate lymphoid cells impede IL-33-mediated tumor suppression
Identification of innate IL-5-producing cells and their role in lung eosinophil regulation and antitumor immunity
Cigarette smoking as a cause of cancers other than lung cancer: an exploratory study using the surveillance
Lung cancer: current therapies and new targeted treatments
Lung cancer: Biology and treatment options
Emerging therapies for small cell lung cancer
MYC paralog-dependent apoptotic priming orchestrates a spectrum of vulnerabilities in small cell lung cancer
Immune checkpoint inhibitors for small cell lung cancer: opportunities and challenges
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells are critical for the initiation of adaptive T helper 2 cell-mediated allergic lung inflammation
Enhanced circulating ILC2s and MDSCs may contribute to ensure maintenance of Th2 predominant in patients with lung cancer
NCR(+)ILC3 concentrate in human lung cancer and associate with intratumoral lymphoid structures
Evaluating intrinsic and non-intrinsic cancer risk factors
Roles of the immune system in cancer: from tumor initiation to metastatic progression
and TGF-beta drive plasticity of human ILC2s towards IL-17-producing ILCs in nasal inflammation
MHCII-mediated dialog between group 2 innate lymphoid cells and CD4(+) T cells potentiates type 2 immunity and promotes parasitic helminth expulsion
A human immune system mouse model with robust lymph node development
Targeting the TGFbeta signalling pathway in disease
PD-1 regulates KLRG1(+) group 2 innate lymphoid cells
Trabanelli S and Jandus C (2019) ILC2s: New Actors in Tumor Immunity
Received: 01 October 2019; Accepted: 14 November 2019; Published: 03 December 2019
Copyright © 2019 Ercolano, Falquet, Vanoni, Trabanelli and Jandus. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY)
provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited
*Correspondence: Camilla Jandus, Y2FtaWxsYS5qYW5kdXNAZ21haWwuY29t
†These authors have contributed equally to this work
Millions of men saw combat during World War II
Others were so far removed from the action that their guilt and regret endures to this day
he wears a blue ballcap with the words “U.S
Army Air Corps WWII Flyboy” stitched in yellow across the front
it’s hard to imagine him in the cockpit of a fighter plane
The cane doesn’t assist him in nursing an old war wound
and periodic difficulty breathing due to problems with his lungs
We had engine trouble and turned back,” says Ercolano
who spent six months in the mainland United States preparing to be deployed to Japan
“While we were waiting for the plane to be fixed
Ercolano is one of four surviving World War II veterans at his local VFW post in St
According to the Department of Veterans Affairs
for every 16 Americans who served in the war
only one is still alive; 2015 is projected to be the first year that the population of World War II veterans drops below one million
After the reinstatement of the draft in 1940 (the only two previous times of mandatory conscription being World War I and the Civil War)
around 10 million men were drafted into the war effort
roughly 16 million Americans served in World War II
Some 600,000 were wounded; 400,000 more were killed
Ercolano says that for himself and his friends — teenagers at the time the draft was reinstated — the War didn’t instill fear
warfare — as gruesome as it was — was the only activity that a normal guy could engage in some adventure.” On his childhood block alone (4th Street between Fifth and Sixth Avenues in Park Slope
Ercolano remembers six neighbors who died in the war effort
was killed serving as a gunner on a B-24 plane
They got shot down over the English Channel,” recalls Ercolano
Ercolano now considers himself lucky not to have seen combat
having married his childhood sweetheart and fathered three children
But this feeling of luck has come with much reflection and has changed drastically over the years
Ercolano enlisted in the army in 1942 and was drafted into the Air Corps in 1943
He was jubilant at the prospect of adventure
but his excitement never blossomed into lived experience
Ercolano had spent much of his enlisted time working as the “kitchen police” and on guard duty at a military base in Nebraska
At first, all he felt was anger. “We missed out,” he says. “You know the movie Mister Roberts?” he asked, referencing the 1955 film starring Henry Fonda about a World War II navy cargo ship that was far from the action. “That kind of describes what I went through.”
“People are interested in combat.” It’s clearly a topic that has weighed on him over the last 70 years
has been associated with virility and masculinity,” says David M
Professor of History at the Bill Lane Center for the American West at Stanford University
“The ultimate test of manhood is armed combat
That’s an old trope that goes back to Homer.”
and was of a draftable age in the Vietnam era
“There’s kind of a code amongst people my age
When you meet someone new you quickly see whether you’ve served or not,” says Kennedy of social situations where he’s watched men bond over their military service
“I don’t know the code because I wasn’t there.”
Kennedy’s father was born in 1896 and didn’t serve in either World War I or II
“He said he was too young for the first war and too old for the second war
But it turns out that wasn’t true,” says Kennedy
It was only when his father turned 80 that Kennedy learned that his father was actually physically unqualified to serve
which classified men based on characteristics such as health and whether they enlisted or were drafted
was IV-F; reserved for those with physical defects
Kennedy says his father admitted to him during conversations about why he hid the truth
‘What are you going to say when your kid asks
grew up with World War II a constant presence in his youth
every male relative served in World War II
“Your minister in church was a World War II veteran
your school teacher was a World War II veteran,” says Kolb
Pop culture was much the same: “Growing up in the 1950s
you would have been exposed to a tremendous number of World War II movies.” Kolb
says that growing up in the wake of World War II greatly impacted his decision to enlist in the Vietnam War in 1969
a Vietnam Veteran and the Assistant Adjutant General for the Veterans of Foreign Wars
he’s met men who feel guilty for not having served in Vietnam
Newberry can relate to the feeling of exclusion among those who haven’t served or seen combat
“I can only imagine that if your peer group and your neighbors and the majority of males in your age group were serving in the military and you weren’t
Newberry’s stepfather was a World War II veteran who drove a landing craft in the Pacific Ocean
He wouldn’t go into any detail about that,” Newberry says
But his stepfather’s pride was obvious to Newberry
He had a tattoo on his forearm of Betty Boop with an anchor and gave warm welcomes to those who had also served
“I think World War II was absolutely the last time the country came together not only militarily
he’d meet somebody his own age and they’d start talking,” Newberry remembers
the Military and Veterans Affairs Consultant to the President of the National WWII Museum in New Orleans
says that the culture after the war was not one that encouraged open
None of them got a scratch,” says Detweiler
“We have people at the museum today who still don’t really talk about it,” says Detweiler
“They’ll come in to the museum with their families
They’ll see exhibits that remind them of their service
and that’s when they start talking about it for the first time.”
lived in Brooklyn during the war’s early years
She recalls a dearth of men on the streets
Most people seemed to have a family member or close friend overseas
Anne was encouraged to enlist by a friend of hers in 1943
“I thought it would be exciting,” she remembers
where she kept records of the enlisted men — a job she took from a man who was being deployed overseas
Anne volunteers that her husband’s lack of combat doesn’t bother her
“I never thought about it.” Her husband Dominic has thought about it — a lot — but has accepted his fate and moved on
I had come back so I could marry my childhood sweetheart,” he beams
pointing to old black and white photographs of the pair on their honeymoon
Anne and Dominic have been married for 65 years
“I feel like that couldn’t have all happened by accident.”
Rebecca White is Narratively's Director of Operations
as well as an editor and regular contributor to the publication
Her work has appeared in such outlets as The New York Times and Al Jazeera America
This story was created in partnership between The Wilson Quarterly and Narratively.
How a 70-year-old massacre continues to haunt a nation.
Design and code by Marquee
The TimesAn ancient Roman fresco from Herculaneum that depicts an infant Hercules strangling a snake has been returned to Italy after being confiscated in the United States
Known as the Ercolano Fresco and valued at $1 million
the work was one of 48 antiquities seized from Michael Steinhardt
who is a hedge fund manager and one of the world’s most important collectors of ancient art
The fresco, which dates from AD50, was looted from a villa in Herculaneum
in 1995 and purchased the same year by Steinhardt for $650,000
with — according to US prosecutors — no verifiable provenance
Steinhardt undertook to refrain from acquiring antiquities in the future in exchange for immunity from prosecution
Like its larger southern neighbour Pompeii
It's easy to make - just mix an ingredient in prescription cough medicine with some caustic household chemicals
one of the drugs that escaped Duval County jail inmate Debra Ercolano said she regularly used before she died late Monday
also is like "playing Russian roulette," according to at least one local medical official
called the Jacksonville Sheriff's Office on Monday to turn herself in after she ran away Thursday from a Lane Avenue work program
she complained about feeling ill and was hospitalized
"It sounds like she had some responsibility in her lack of care for herself
she did have a history of some heart issues as well."
So named because it turns a user's skin green and scaly before it rots off
krokodil sets "a new standard for fast destruction of mind
an international substance-abuse organization
it isn't showing up yet as a cause of death in American medical examiners' statistics
But local police are aware of it as poison control center officials worry about a drug cooked up at home with deadly chemicals
"They don't purify it very well when they make it at home
and the products they mix it with are corrosives
They rot away the flesh at the injection site," said registered nurse Debi Forrest
the education coordinator at the Florida/USVI Poison Information Center at UF Health Jacksonville
"It is not being reported in Florida and there have only been a few cases documented in the U.S.," she said
The reason why it is so popular [in Russia] was because codeine was available over the counter
25 on a warrant for organized fraud after 29 bottles of vodka
gin and tequila were shoplifted in January from a Walmart on San Pablo Road
She was transferred to a Lane Avenue community transition center work program in mid-March
she was cuffed and back in custody at the jail at 4:30 p.m
As she was being brought next door to the Sheriff's Office
where she gave medical officials a rundown on what she had taken
and she also gives history of being a meth user
being a cocaine user and being a heroin user
and also using a drug called krokodil," Hackney said
it did its thing and began to work on her."
The drug can be cooked at home in 30 minutes using prescription codeine
It is very cheap and it is easy to make," Forrest said
"You can make it in your own home and that is the draw
People run out of money for heroin and they may resort to this."
fingers rotting off and even multiple amputations
It is so caustic that users don't usually live more than a few years
Krokodil doesn't show up as a cause of death in the Florida Medical Examiners Association's interim 2015 report on drugs identified in deceased people
The drugs that caused the most deaths were benzodiazepines (558
The National Drug Threat Assessment Summary from 2014 stated no confirmed cases of krokodil abuse in the United States
Forrest said poison control centers in Florida haven't recieved any calls about it but are ready to consult on it
Johns counties all said they were aware of the drug but hadn't seen a trend here
.st1{fill-rule:evenodd;clip-rule:evenodd;fill:#2a2a2a}By Peter Genovese | NJ Advance Media for NJ.comAristide EconomopoulosNatale Rescigno and Pasquale Iengo
owners of Salumeria Ercolano in Jersey City
Salumeria Ercolano in Jersey City is located hard by the train tracks leading into nearby Journal Square
Walk inside and you’ll find one of the more peculiar dining spaces anywhere
Four thousand square feet worth; the first-time visitor is not sure if this is deli as warehouse
The 20 or so tables are scattered around the cavernous store
along with shelves stocked with imported pastas
and enough beverages to slake a small army’s thirst
“We wanted the biggest deli in Jersey City,” co-owner Pasquale Iengo said unabashedly
“Most of these delis in Jersey City are like a shoebox
There are two or three tables on top of each other.”
The deli sandwiches and panini are named after Jersey City streets — Sip
Grilled chicken sandwiches are practically a Jersey icon; here the chicken is burnt slightly around the edges
Some meats are born to be burnt; chicken is one of them
tomato and mayo (I held the mayo; never understood mayo on roast beef)
I asked for a JFK (named after the boulevard
not the president) but got the Newark ($7.95
roasted red peppers and balsamic vinaigrette
The mozzarella is made on the premises two or three times a day
perfect for these sandwiches — is from Calandra’s
which also supplies the cheesecake and carrot cake
Panini include the Pavonia (grilled portobello mushrooms
lettuce and tomato; and the Van Winkle (the avenue
“This I wanted to do a long time ago,” Iengo said of his deli
Bring plenty of friends — there’ll be room for all of them
Peter Genovese: (973) 392-1765 or pgenovese@starledger.com
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Barbara Ercolano’s research focuses on understanding planetary formation.Credit: LMU Munich
“You’ll be able to breathe physics on our new campus,” says Barbara Ercolano
Over the next ten years she and colleagues from across the university will move to a new
Bringing together research and teaching on subjects including nanotechnology
the new campus will cement LMU Munich’s reputation as a leader in the field
The new physical environment is intended to encourage the kinds of social interactions that spark creativity and insights
“Both staff and students will benefit from the kind of informal conversations that lead to new ideas,” says Ercolano
and on understanding the conditions that produced the wealth and diversity of planetary systems in our galaxy
“We run large-scale computer simulations of the birth environments of planetary systems and compare the results with observations from
ALMA (the Atacama Large Millimeter Array in northern Chile),” she explains
After a star is born from interstellar clouds
the leftover gas and dust forms a disc around the star
The process of planet formation is strongly influenced by the dynamics of dust and gas in the disc
as well as by the irradiation from the young star
planets form from the continuous collision of dust particles,” Ercolano says
This research aims to help determine the conditions required to form a habitable planet like Earth
but maintaining the conditions for life to persist and evolve is very difficult,” she adds
LMU Munich’s new physics campus will border the largest urban park in Europe
and the new site opened its first building last year
largely funded by the Bavarian government’s green energy initiative SolTech
offers state-of-the-art facilities to help scientists find ways to harness the unique properties of nanomaterials
with a focus on photonics and energy sciences at the nanoscale
Stefan Maier’s team is researching how light interacts with nanostructures.Credit: LMU Munich
and a large variety of characterization laboratories
with laser facilities spanning from the UV to the terahertz,” says nanophotonics researcher Stefan Maier
who moved to LMU in 2018 after a decade at Imperial College London
“LMU’s Physics Department is probably one of the most exciting places in Europe at the moment,” he adds
the university’s physics faculty received funding from the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
DFG) to develop three Clusters of Excellence around energy (e-conversion)
quantum science and technology (MCQST) and the origins of life and the universe (ORIGINS)
“This funding will consolidate long-term research programmes in these fields and further enhance the department’s international reputation,” says Maier
Many Nobel Prize-winning physicists have studied
“The university played a key role in the development of quantum mechanics,” says Maier
semiconductor physics and biophysics really took off here.”
his team focuses on modifying how light interacts with nanostructures
“We are working on new and efficient ways to harvest light into very small areas to enhance energy conversion,” he says
They are also exploring applications in optoelectronics and sensing technologies
His group’s latest paper in Nature Nanotechnology describes a holographic video display based on surfaces with a distinct nanostructure arrangement that greatly enhances storage capabilities
The breakthroughs of the 21st century will come from cooperative and interdisciplinary research
“There is already a very strong collaborative environment here at LMU
and we also have The Technical University of Munich (TUM) and the Max Plank Institute on our doorstep,” he adds
“Easy access to such wide-ranging expertise is particularly useful for students.”
Tapping into local expertise helps young researchers as well
Ercolano joined LMU Munich in 2010 after working in the UK and the US
Moving to Germany was not an easy decision
“The research environment in Munich is so rich
There are so many opportunities for young researchers
and LMU is incredibly supportive,” she says
Ercolano started in the UNIVERSE excellence cluster
“This gave me the opportunity to meet researchers in different areas of physics
fundamental questions rather than being limited to those that I could approach working on my own.”
Ercolano has been teaching in English in the LMU’s master’s programme
and will start teaching a bachelor degree course in German next semester
LMU Munich offers two bachelor's degrees and four master's degrees across a diverse range of physics topics
The master’s programmes include a 12-month research project that gives students the skills and experience they need to pursue further research in industry or academia
Click here for further information
.st1{fill-rule:evenodd;clip-rule:evenodd;fill:#2a2a2a}By Independent PressJoAnne and Roman Szymansky of West Milford are pleased to announce the engagement of their daughter
Melissa is a 2006 cum laude graduate of Boston University and received a J.D
She is an assistant prosecutor in Hudson County
Thomas graduated from Lafayette College in 2007 and received a J.D
He is a deputy attorney general for the State of New Jersey
DraftKings continues to shape the gaming landscape with its innovative platform that offers fans a blend of strategy and excitement
(Photo Illustration by Budrul Chukrut/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images)
who created the fantasy football “lifestyle brand” BDGE based in Brooklyn
began blogging about fantasy football as an 18-year-old and quickly realized his passion was behind the microphone
whose personal brand started with creating content on YouTube that initially focused on fantasy football but later expanded to other areas such as gambling and lifestyle
“It wasn’t like I just one day woke up and decided
I’m quitting my job and I’m going after this thing.’ It was year after year,” Ercolano said
“I had seen the growth be progressive and money started coming in
not at a high level but enough to the point where I felt like I had momentum.”
a subset of the the fantasy sports games that were popularized in the 1980s
is a booming industry thanks to a 2018 U.S
Supreme Court ruling that opened the door to legalized sports betting
an opportunity 38 states and the District of Columbia have embraced
A January 2023 report suggested the fantasy sports betting market will reach $56.36 billion by 2030
“I believe the DFS and sports betting growth will continue,” said Ben Fawkes
an American sports betting radio network and streaming television channel
since it’s been around a little longer
it’s legal in a lot more states than sports betting
While its growth has brought many great entertainment
Ercolaho created content on the Draft platform before the company changed its name to Underdog because he enjoyed making fantasy football draft content using the website
“Underdog’s and (my) relationship is extremely organic
probably one of the more organic relationships I feel like I’ve had when it comes to partnerships,” he said
A clip Ercolano posted on X (formerly known as Twitter) that showed him using the Draft app caught the attention of Draft’s vice president of marketing
they were owned by the same parent company (FanDuel),” Ercolano said
“And I was brought into the office one day
which at the time was cool because that was my first partnership
And I got to go into the FanDuel office.”
Ercolano partnered with Underdog that summer and has been affiliated with the company ever since
“Most of the time when you’re working with these companies
at least when you’re a little bit of a higher level partner with them
where they don’t want you working with other companies in the space,” he said
had been around gambling his entire life and took the opportunity to edit gambling content through an internship during his senior year of college
“And I think it was always something that interested me in college
I was (Economics and Psychology) as a dual major
and I think sports betting is pretty much at the intersection of those two things.”
Fawkes interned at ESPN The Magazine editing gambling content from Chad Millman’s podcast
He parlayed that into a career as a digital content creator promoting ESPN Chalk
and helped promote VSIN’s brand by running their website
social media and subscription products creating preview guides for the NFL
“There was very clearly an audience that was gambling
not legally because it was only legal in Nevada at that time,” he said
“But the point was that we knew there was an audience there
“It was about growing that organically and then eventually getting buy-in from people higher up that they were comfortable producing more of that content.”
Daily Fantasy Sports has become immensely popular in the Southwest since the legislation of sports betting in September 2021
The tectonic moves encapsulate how the betting markets are carving their niche in an untapped industry that caught steam just a decade ago
As the fantasy sports arena evolves, PrizePicks emerges as a frontrunner with its simplicity, strategic gameplay and unique appeal that distinguishes it in the competitive world of sports betting. (Graphic by Peyton Gallaher/Cronkite News)
The difference between daily fantasy sports and a classic fantasy football league is how the rosters are constructed. In DFS the contest typically lasts a single day to a week
The roster sizes in DFS allow teams to be constructed week-to-week rather than drafting a team and keeping it for the entire season as one would in a typical fantasy league
Aside from the cash prizes, some fans enjoy watching sports more when a financial incentive is involved, according to the National Center for Biotechnology Information
The Fantasy Sports Gaming Association (FSGA) advocates for fantasy sports legislation that adheres to core principles: fantasy sports is a game of skill and should not be legally regarded as gambling
Each contest requires participants to create a new team
and participants cannot exceed the salary cap of $50,000 for one team
Sports betting and daily fantasy sports are intertwined because the two biggest sports betting sites, FanDuel and DraftKings, have invested in DFS, which requires participants to build their own lineup to play against other competitors
where participants wager for or against particular outcomes
Daily fantasy sports and sports gambling both have great potential for growth across Arizona
fueled by a surge in marketing campaigns that target online gamblers significantly more
And Arizona’s legalized gambling also attracts bettors from outside its borders
or people from Nevada driving across the border,” Fawkes said
we saw that when New York didn’t have mobile betting and New Jersey did
people were going across the GW (George Washington) Bridge or taking the PATH train to New Jersey to place their bets and then coming back
“So that’s probably more in terms of the growth
The fact that it’s legal in some places and not legal in other places
and knowing that there’s demand for it.”
Due to Arizona’s emergence into a gambling paradise
concerns about ethics and addiction have been brought into sharp focus
The National Council of Problem Gambling has been tackling daily fantasy sports issues dating back to 2013
DFS has been a controversial topic for a while
as state legislatures are addressing the issue of its legality and whether or not fantasy games should be considered gambling
which hasn’t been decided across most states
Growth of sports gambling blows Arizona’s doors wide open
it’s to try and win something to gain an advantage
program director for KindBridge Behavioral Health
In 2023, the global fantasy sports market was projected to grow at 9% annually through 2027, and North America is projected to be the largest region impacted
This becomes a tough hill to climb for health service companies
but they understand they need to continue to have therapists certificated as gambling specialists and continue to create those networks and provide supervision
And it is similar to the gaming industry,” Hatfield said
“Video games have a huge trajectory of an increasing volume of net worth
that you could be concerned about in the future.”
One of the biggest issues that has emerged is the age at which gamblers begin participating in fantasy sports and other gaming
it begins with something that can be purchased at any convenience store – scratch-off lottery tickets
which require only scratching off boxes to win or lose
“We’ve seen a higher increase for the 18-19 year olds,” said Michelle Hatfield
in my experience of talking with a couple of them
a lot of their beginning gambling behavior starts with scratchers
who is working with an inpatient treatment program in Prescott
“And what we’re seeing now is young sports bettors are given a gateway because it’s organized
It’s getting people also to use the medium of the internet.”
There is a high likelihood that fantasy sports players will suffer damage to their emotional or financial health if they become obsessed and cannot stick to time and financial limits
According to the Arizona Department of Gaming’s Fantasy Sports revenue report from September-November of 2022 – the heart of last year’s NFL season – revenues took a substantial leap with PrizePicks. Revenue from its in-state entry fees jumped from $846,843,000 to $1,623,414.00 within a month
In March, it was found that among selected fantasy sports websites in the United States
PrizePicks.com had the longest average time spent on its website per visit by users
The simplicity and low cost of licensing have made Underdog and PrizePicks highly prized among sports betting companies who are picking more or less based on player projections and stacking teammates to gain scoring advantages in drafts over competitors
Sleeper and Underdog have grown a lot because
and because they don’t have to pay the same licensing fees as sports betting companies
“They’re going to have to figure out there’s a couple of states that are now kind of trying to shut them down and put them more into the sports betting category.”
Due to the ease of roster management and the possibility of utilizing different strategies, best-ball fantasy football, which are large tournaments run by Underdog, has gained popularity in recent years. The Pomeranian But SuperFlex is one of 48 NFL fantasy football tournaments that Underdog offers
teams’ starting lineups are determined based on players’ highest scores at the end of the week
A snake draft is used to select players by the contestants
it’s that people like to bet on sports and people like to gamble – especially on football,” Fawkes said
“They’ve been doing it for a long time
even though it’s been a rough season for the betting public.”
Sports fans playing fantasy sports (daily or season-long) are more engaged fans. It’s what professional leagues, especially the NFL, want since they were early investors in DraftKings and fantasy sports
“There’s a lot of research out there that talks about the gaming industry,” Hatfield said
And that rapid response is what is triggering more of the issues around gambling behavior
accessibility and affordability are some of the three factors that do contribute to gambling problems.”
where daily fantasy sports are considered gambling by the laws
Advertising restrictions must be enforced for the fantasy sports market to continue to prosper
Cody Marmon expects to graduate in December 2023 with his master’s degree in sports journalism
Cronkite News is produced by the Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication at Arizona State University
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In the first excavations of the ancient Roman town of Herculaneum since the 1980s, archaeologists have brought to light the skeleton and personal effects of the so-called “last fugitive” who was killed when Mount Vesuvius erupted in AD79. The recent discoveries were presented to press on 1 December.
Around a month into the two-and-a-half year excavations at Herculaneum’s ancient beach, the remains of a man aged between 40 and 45 were found with a heavily blackened skull and bones and with numerous heat-induced fractures. Under the left arm of the skeleton was a cloth shoulder bag inside which an initial analysis has identified various materials: a wooden box containing objects in metal, pieces of cloth and probable traces of gold finish.
The evidence suggests the man was on the seashore at the time of death or had been dragged there from the city above by the force of the eruption. Upon impact, he suffered the same fate as the 330 victims whose bodies were discovered sheltering in arched boat sheds on the shore in previous decades. The extremely high temperatures of the pyroclastic flow from Vesuvius caused human tissue to instantly vaporise and the skeleton was imprisoned in a mass of ash, gas and debris.
The blackened skeleton of a man aged between 40 and 45 shows numerous heat-induced fractures © Parco Archeologico di Ercolano
The skeleton was found with a cloth shoulder bag containing a wooden box and various other materials that will be subject to further analysis in the laboratory © Parco Archeologico di Ercolano
The fugitive’s skeleton is the first to have been studied outside the boat sheds using today’s “revolutionised” scientific methods, the Herculaneum archaeological park said in a statement.
The excavation project, covering a total area of 1,400 sq. m and funded by the Italian culture ministry and the Packard Humanities Institute, uses water pumps to drain the ancient beach. Ultimately, it aims to reunite the ancient coastline with the famous Villa of the Papyri, opening up public access to the beachfront in 2024.
“This is a modern excavation,” says Francesco Sirano, the director of the archaeological park, describing it as “a multidisciplinary open-air laboratory” in which each phase of work is systematically documented.
Due to the fragility of the finds, the skeleton and the mass of earth beneath it will now be moved to a laboratory where conservators will continue their analysis, while further discoveries are expected to emerge from the ongoing beach excavations.
In recent months, archaeologists have also uncovered many pieces of wood swept on to the shore by the volcanic eruption, including timber beams, door and window frames and panels that may have belonged to the ceilings or roofs of buildings, as well as parts of boats and trees.
news29 January 2020Scientists say heat from Mount Vesuvius turned a victim’s brain into glassThe black glassy material was found inside the skull of a 25-year-old caretaker of an imperial building in Herculaneum
who was probably asleep at the time of the eruption
But some archaeologists argue for conserving what is already uncovered
news23 November 2020Pompeii dig unearths incredible preserved remains of two men engulfed in volcanic ashPlaster casts were made of the newly discovered victims of Vesuvius eruption, which are believed to have been a wealthy landowner and his slave
“We got on a plane to go to Honolulu. We had engine trouble and turned back,” says Ercolano, who spent six months in the mainland United States preparing to be deployed to Japan. “While we were waiting for the plane to be fixed, the war ended.”
Ercolano is one of four surviving World War II veterans at his local VFW po…
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Photo courtesy Wilson QuarterlyIt\u2019s a bright Sunday afternoon in August 2014
Over wispy gray hair he wears a blue ballcap with the words \u201CU.S
Army Air Corps WWII Flyboy\u201D stitched in yellow across the front. With his hat and cane
it\u2019s hard to imagine him in the cockpit of a fighter plane
The cane doesn\u2019t assist him in nursing an old war wound
a pacemaker in his chest and periodic difficulty breathing due to problems with his lungs
We had engine trouble and turned back,\u201D says Ercolano
\u201CWhile we were waiting for the plane to be fixed
Ercolano is one of four surviving World War II veterans at his local VFW po\u2026
the underground route of the Ancient Theater of the Herculaneum Archaeological Park will reopen to the public
Visitors will then have the opportunity to fully immerse themselves in the history of the ancient city
Bi-weekly appointments for tourists will be organized in groups of twelve on Wednesdays and Saturdays until November 9
with a break in July and August.It will be a journey through time through the eighteenth-century tunnels
as part of the enhancement project that includes opening the underground tour route to the public and actions to include the Via Mare neighborhood
“The cyclical reopening of the theater,” said Park Director Francesco Sirano
“represents for the entire Vesuvian area the possibility of a journey into history
from when the theater was accidentally discovered and the investigations that led to the discovery of Herculaneum and Pompeii were started
An experience to be recommended to every visitor who is passionate about culture and history with an exciting journey that transports us back through the centuries and makes us protagonists of a discovery that is renewed each time before our astonished eyes
But the theater is also located in the heart of the historic center of Herculaneum and can easily become a stop to discover the other beauties and points of interest of the modern city
starting with the famous and colorful Pugliano market and the Virtual Archaeological Museum
and a few hundred meters away the Villa Campolieto and the Royal Palace of Portici.”
Tours will take place on Wednesdays and Saturdays at 9:30 a.m.
Tickets can be purchased online at www.ercolano.coopculture.it and directly at the Park’s ticket office
For more info: www.ercolano.beniculturali.it
Tickets: admission Ancient Theater of Herculaneum 5 euros; integrated admission Archaeological Park of Herculaneum + Ancient Theater of Herculaneum 15 euros; reduced price is provided only for the theater-only ticket of 2 euros for children aged 18-25
The route is underground and reaches about 25 meters from street level.The visit is for adults only.Appointment is at the Archaeological Park ticket office 30 minutes before the start of one’s turn to visit.The pavement is wet in several places and is slippery due to the presence of limestone sedimentations and water
it is not suitable for claustrophobic people and people with walking problems or pregnant people
those with illnesses that can be influenced by the visiting environment.For safety reasons
visitors are asked to carry only small bags.Helmets
capes and flashlights will be provided by the Herculaneum Archaeological Park for use on the route.The use of closed
The use of hiking shoes is preferred.It is recommended in summer periods to have comfortable sweaters or jackets
given the considerable temperature change to be faced during the route
In the third week of "Gamblers Delight" on PokerGO's "Poker After Dark," the game was $100/$200 no-limit hold’em with a $200 big blind ante
The minimum buy-in for the game was $20,000
In the first week, former Survivor contestant Albert Destrade, Bryan Ercolano and WSOP bracelet winner Trevor Pope made their Poker After Dark debuts, while in the second week someone said “this is going to be a bad call.”
Below is a look at five of either the biggest or most interesting hands from this week's episode
Jake Daniels raised to $600 from middle position with the 4♥2♥ and Dan Shak called from the button with the K♥Q♥
Destrade defended his big blind with the 6♠5♥ and it was three-way action to the K♣J♥8♥ flop
Daniels continued for $1,100 with a flush draw
and Shak called with top pair and a superior flush draw
Destrade got out of the way and the K♠ appeared on the turn
and wasted little time in calling when Shak raised to $7,000
and even before he could count out all the chips Shak called with trip kings
Shak claimed the $50,300 pot while Daniels said he was going to buy another $20,000 for his stack
Pope raised $600 under the gun with the A♥9♠ and Daniels three-bet to $2,300 next to act with the A♦Q♥
Action folded back to Pope and he called to see a flop of 5♣A♣4♦
Pope check-called a bet of $3,000 and then check-called one of $5,000 on the J♦ turn
Pope checked for the third time when the 2♠ completed the board on the river and Daniels bet $8,000
“I feel like I’m slow-rolling you,” Pope said before dropping in a call to create a $29,100 pot
“That’s not great,” Daniels said while tabling his hand
I had one of those,” Pope admitted before flashing his cards and sending them to the muck
Daniels recouped $18,300 and Pope opted to add on $15,000
Ercolano limped from middle position with the Q♦J♦ and Destrade raised to $1,000 from the hijack holding the 6♠6♥
Lynne Ji looked down at the K♦K♣ in the cutoff and three-bet to $3,000
Destrade came along and it was three-way action to a flop of Q♥5♦4♠
Destrade got out of the way and the dealer burned and turned the J♠
He coyly checked and then called when Ji moved all in for $12,500
The two agreed to run the river twice on the $40,500 pot
neither the 8♣ on the first run nor 10♥ on the second helped her
Ercolano scooped the pot and left Ji to rebuy
a pregame segment was shown with Ercolano chatting with sideline reporter Veronica Brill explaining how he met Ji at a home game months earlier
After a pair of unsuccessful bluffs left him on a short stack
Ercolano limped the cutoff with the A♥9♥ and Ji called from the small blind with the K♣Q♣
Daniels had straddled and exercised his option after looking down at the 6♦6♣ with a raise to $2,000
Two checks saw Ercolano bet $4,000 with top pair
The 3♥ turn gave Ercolano an added heart flush draw and he piled for $13,300
Ji hit the tank for a while before giving up on the $27,700 pot
Ji would’ve missed had she called and they only ran it once
Pope raised to $500 under the gun with the 5♠ and a mystery card
Ercolano came along from the small blind with the Q♥6♥
Destrade did the same from the big with the K♣7♦
Two checks saw Pope continue for $1,000 and all three of his opponents called
including Ercolano slow-playing trip sixes
The 5♥ turn inspired all four players to check and the 5♦ completed the board on the river
Pope made a runner-runner fives full of sixes
something didn’t add up to him as he found a fold
Daniels paused for a few beats and then followed suit by laying down his top two pair
Pope asked to see Ercolano’s cards stating he would owe him one
meaning Pope would show a future one whenever Ercolano asked
Here are how the stacks sat at the end of the episode:
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