On Monday 21 April 2025, Siderno is preparing to experience a special Easter Monday, amidst sweetness, tradition and celebration! After last year's success, the famous Sguta dei Record, which entered the Guinness Book of Records with its 544 metres, is aiming for a new milestone: 545 metres of Easter sweetness, for an event involving the entire community.
Starting at 15:30, the city will come alive with workshops, shows and activities for all ages. In Piazza Vittorio Veneto, space will be given to creativity and beauty with the art and craft expo, while in Piazza Portosalvo the youngest will be the protagonists with creative workshops. At 4.30 pm, the official measurement of the sguta will take place, followed by the validation of the new record at 5.30 pm by notary Mariangela Muià. From 18:00, in Piazza Risorgimento, there will be a party.
Street viewInterestedFestivalsThe Spicy Night19 - 21 Sep
Jul 18 - 23 Aug other dates: Jul 19, 2025, Jul 20, 2025, Aug 21, 2025, Aug 22, 2025 and Aug 23, 2025
Content owned by the Calabria Region | Tourism and Commerce Department issued under CC-BY License
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Vincenzo Muià was determined to find out who had killed his brother Carmelo
a leader in a faction of the feared ’Ndrangheta crime group who was gunned down on the streets of Siderno
Muià wanted to talk with Angelo Figliomeni
whom Canadian police have accused of leading a faction of the ’Ndrangheta so powerful that it is dictating events in Siderno from across an ocean
“They know; they know who shot,” said Muià on a wiretap quoted in a court document from Italy
where authorities were investigating him for his alleged involvement in organized crime
After Italian police notified their counterparts in Toronto about Muià’s impending journey across the Atlantic
Italian officers were watching as Muià cleared customs and immigration at Toronto’s Pearson International Airport on the evening of March 31
Muià’s trip to Canada to speak with Figliomeni, which was previously reported by the National Post
underscores the power of the ’Ndrangheta faction he allegedly leads in the Greater Toronto Area
according to Italian and Canadian authorities and experts
Figliomeni declined to comment through his lawyer
While Italian court documents show that Muià thought he had information about who may have killed his brother
there is no allegation that Figliomeni was in any way responsible for the murder
The episode also highlights problems Canada has in prosecuting organized crime groups
due to what experts say are overly broad interpretations of laws meant to protect individual rights
“The Canadian security intelligence apparatus
does not have the same protections and the same benefits that our international partners have when it comes down to investigating transnational organized crime threats,” said Calvin Chrustie
a retired senior federal Royal Canadian Mounted Police officer
said Italian authorities are “frustrated” by the fact that alleged ’Ndrangheta members have found security in Canada
“There's just case after case of offenders who would otherwise be in jail in the United States or Italy that are roaming free here,” said Schneider
the author of “Iced: The Story of Organized Crime in Canada.”
Figliomeni was previously convicted on weapons charges in Italy and still faces charges there
where court documents show he was wanted for “mafia association.” But he is safe in Canada
where the “mafia association” charge is not an extraditable offense
it doesn’t even exist in the Canadian legal code
a deputy director general of Italy’s Public Security Department
said inconsistencies in laws between countries challenge international efforts to combat the ’Ndrangheta
“The misalignment of legal systems is a constant in cooperation activity,” said Rizzi
who leads an initiative against the ’Ndrangheta involving law enforcement in 18 countries
Read the previous story in this series on the ’Ndrangheta in Canada
added to a long list of Canada’s failed efforts to prosecute organized crime
which experts blame mainly on two quirks of the legal system: an obligation for prosecutors to disclose to defense lawyers more information than in other countries — which can lead to lengthy wrangling over what must be shared — plus a separate law requiring cases that go before a province's Superior Court to be completed within 30 months of charges being laid
Such laws “make it virtually impossible to prosecute certain criminal and threat convergence cases in Canada,” according to a recent report by the International Coalition Against Illicit Economies
said defense lawyers in Canada have the right to far more information than their counterparts in countries like the U.S.
“There are extremely limited provisions to protect sensitive information
informants or investigative techniques,” he said in an interview
The decision to drop the case against Figliomeni and his associates frustrated the officers who worked on Project Sindacato
York Regional Police had spent $8 million (US$6.1 million) and involved 500 officers in what they touted as the largest organized crime investigation in their history
An officer emerges from a building holding alleged gambling paraphernalia during raids in the Project Sindacato investigation in July 2019
As the former York Regional Police superintendent for organized crime
Mike Slack was a senior officer on the investigation
He said he was at police headquarters in a meeting with “the main players in the case” –– including investigators and prosecutors –– the evening the decision came down from government prosecutors that it would be abandoned
“A lot of emotions were expressed,” recalled Slack
walking around and coming back and sitting down.”
Slack said police did not use calls between lawyers and their clients to build their case
and added that among about 1.5 million intercepted communications
it was normal that investigators might capture such calls
“They don’t have enough resources,” he said of the government Crown prosecutors
The Crowns are basically working on their own
trying to go through volumes and volumes of disclosure
We get disclosure in a file with terabyte hard drives now."
Adam Boni, a Toronto criminal lawyer and former federal Crown prosecutor, called the criticisms made by senior York Regional Police officers “hard to swallow.”
“These decisions to stay proceedings because of error
carelessness or downright dishonesty –– these are decisions that are not lightly made,” said Boni
who was not involved in Project Sindacato but has handled many organized crime cases in his 30-year career
“It just smacks of armchair quarterbacking now to say
we could have or we should have proceeded,’” he said
It was the wiretapped calls between suspects and their lawyers that convinced prosecutors to stay the charges
lawyers for the defendants also filed a joint motion arguing that police had mischaracterized “mundane and innocuous actions as sinister criminal meetings” to match their preconceived notion that the accused were mobsters
Ontario provincial prosecutors declined to answer questions about why they decided to stay charges relating to organized crime and money laundering in the Sindacato case
Life in Canada is good for Figliomeni and his associates
judging by the huge amounts of cash and possessions police confiscated from them in 2019
Authorities seized assets worth more than 35 million Canadian dollars (US$27 million) from the Figliomeni group
That included CAN$1 million (US$750,600) in cash
the equivalent amount of jewelry and Rolex watches
as well as luxury cars — including one Ferrari valued at CAN$880,000 (US$660,000)
Police also restrained 27 properties –– meaning they could not be sold –– worth about CAN$24 million (US$18 million)
All of it had to be given back to Figliomeni and his group after prosecutors decided not to pursue the case
Figliomeni moved to Canada in the early 2000s
but Italian court documents show that his family’s roots in crime and politics in Siderno run deep
including a relative who served as mayor before he was sent to prison as a ’Ndrangheta member
Vincenzo Figliomeni –– known locally as “U Brigante,” or “The Bandit” –– was also an ’Ndrangheta member
and was murdered outside his home in Siderno in 1988
His clan had been at war with a rival group
and he was shot twice in the head and torso with a shotgun
Figliomeni is alleged to have influence over his ’Ndrangheta clan back home Siderno –– a situation Italian authorities have described as unprecedented
“This is something we have never seen in Italy,” said Fausto Lamparelli
senior director of the Italian state police
at a 2019 press conference in Toronto announcing charges against alleged members of Figliomeni’s group
and its global operations have always been dictated by leaders in southern Italy
But that is apparently not the case for the Toronto-based faction allegedly led by Figliomeni
According to Italian prosecutors on the case
Figliomeni's alleged association with the ’Ndrangheta reflects the organization’s increasingly international profile
according to Italian prosecutor Giuseppe Lombardo
He described the criminal network as “a huge mafia holding company.” The group’s illicit earnings provide “enormous capital to invest” into the legal economy
mob violence on both sides of the Atlantic brought authorities in Canada and Italy together to investigate the Siderno group
Dubbed “Canadian ’Ndrangheta Connection 2” by Italian authorities
the collaborative investigation exposed the power of the faction operating in Toronto
according to a report by Italy’s anti-mafia division
Filgiomeni’s group had allegedly become embroiled in a war with a rival crime clan in the Greater Toronto Area city of Vaughan in 2017
drive by shootings and arson,” according to York Regional Police
who launched Project Sindacato to investigate
violence had also exploded back in Siderno
where authorities were investigating the murder of Carmelo Muià
When Vincenzo Muià traveled to Toronto seeking information about the murder
he brought along a phone that police had infected with “Trojan” bugging software
The tapped phone –– which picked up calls as well as sounds nearby –– gave Italian and Canadian police extra insight into the inner life of Figliomeni’s group
“an important conversation” Muià had with Figliomeni over dinner at the home of Luigi Vescio
who runs the Fratelli Vescio funeral homes in Greater Toronto and was charged in Italy for alleged mafia association
(Vescio did not respond to a request for comment.)
The fact that Muià took a flight to Canada to see Figliomeni is “one indication of how the power shifted to Toronto,” said Schneider
The wiretaps show Muià trying to get answers about his brother’s murder in the middle of a discussion about facial skin care
with Vescio urging the other guests to try the high-end French brand La Mer
“All these actors and actresses use this,” Vescio tells Figliomeni
“I'll give you a sample this evening,” he says
leaving Figliomeni and Muià alone together
As Figliomeni muses about getting a facelift
Muià brings the conversation back to his reason for traveling to Toronto
Otherwise I don’t know what the fuck I came for,” says Muià
but Muià appears to have left Canada frustrated and “embittered,” according to Italian court documents
he is currently serving a five-year sentence after being convicted on charges including extortion and weapons
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Luxembourg’s company registry turns up firms controlled by people with ties to the ’Ndrangheta
The Number 1BC platform has become popular after the law enforcement crackdown on SkyECC
An Albanian underworld figure is accused of doing business with Italian mafia bosses while usurping prime real estate in his..
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Vincenzo Crupi was just another businessman helping to make the Netherlands the largest exporter of cut flowers in the world.To the police
Crupi was a mafia suspect allegedly concealing drugs worth millions of dollars alongside fragrant bouquets he trucked to Italy
So they bugged his offices at the flower market.In conversations recorded by hidden microphones and cameras
the 52-year-old Italian was heard speaking at length about mafia affairs
according to previously unpublished details of the investigation contained in 1,700 pages of Italian court documents reviewed by Reuters.Crupi was heard allegedly discussing drug deals
arms shipments and a lethal power struggle between mafia members in Canada
"They are killing each other over there," he said in one recorded telephone call after returning from a trip to Toronto.Last September
at least two decades after Crupi began working at the flower market
police swooped while the Italian was on a trip home
arresting him in the dead of night south of Rome
Prosecutors will seek trials against Crupi later this year for drug trafficking and mafia membership
judicial sources said.Police and prosecutors say the case sheds new light on the 'Ndrangheta – the Calabrian mafia – and the way it has spread its tentacles from southern Italy into dozens of countries across five continents
More than 50 other suspects were arrested in the same investigation.Crupi
told Reuters that his client was an honest businessman
"He's been in the flower business forever," said Belcastro
"He had a legal and functioning flower business
and there is proof of that."The police and prosecutors disagree
They say the 'Ndrangheta has cleverly kept a low profile abroad
and that Crupi embodies its international business model
because it was the perfect cover for the 'Ndrangheta to expand overseas
smuggle drugs and launder illicit profits."The (secretly recorded) conversations confirm the full participation" of Crupi and others in an international mafia network
says the arrest warrant issued in Reggio Calabria
the capital of Calabria in Italy's southern tip.A spokeswoman for the FloraHolland cooperative
said the cooperative was never aware he was a suspected mobster.MAFIA BLOODLINEFor much of the last century
the Calabrian mafia made its money from extortion and kidnappings
Then in the late 1980s and early 1990s the group
which consists of about 160 patriarchal clans
bet big on the cocaine trade.Its success at drug smuggling catapulted the 'Ndrangheta past its more storied Sicilian rival
Italian authorities now consider the 'Ndrangheta to be Europe's single biggest importer of cocaine."The 'Ndrangheta is a trademark
of criminal seriousness," said David Ellero
the head of Europol's organized crime squad in The Hague.Crupi grew up in a family with known mafia connections in Siderno
a town in the "toe" of Italy's deep south
according to turncoats interviewed by prosecutors
he moved to Holland and set up in business at the FloraHolland market in the town of Aalsmeer
two former employees of Crupi's company told Reuters.In 2002
who had spent 13 years in prison in the United States for drug smuggling
Macri was in charge of collecting unpaid bills from clients
former employees said.To the flower traders of Holland
Crupi and Macri appeared to be ordinary businessmen
While they often dined in fine restaurants and frequently visited Italy
they were not flashy."These guys were up at four o'clock in the morning most of the time
and they went straight to FloraHolland," said the police commander in charge of the Dutch side of the investigation
"They didn't have Ferraris or big watches
If you looked at them you wouldn't see anything strange
but they were not."What the employees at the flower market did not know was that Crupi and Macri were – prosecutors allege – part of the Commisso clan
which prosecutors say is based in the small coastal town of Siderno and is one of the 'Ndrangheta's most powerful arms.Both Crupi and Macri are related to one of the three bosses who together regulated affairs for the entire 'Ndrangheta network until the mid-70s
Antonio "Uncle 'Ntoni" Macri
was the "living symbol of organized crime's omnipotence," Italian magistrate Guido Marino wrote in a 1970 court ruling.'Ntoni's daughter
And 'Ntoni's son is Vincenzo Macri
the business partner and brother-in-law of Crupi.In 1975
a hit squad shot the 72-year-old 'Ntoni dead after his daily game of bocce
The murder set off a bloody mafia war that cost some 233 lives in three years
an estimated 5,000 people attended the funeral of Uncle 'Ntoni.Vincenzo
is currently a fugitive and could not be contacted for comment
a lawyer who says she was hired by a family member to defend Macri
said that he is innocent."I've never spoken directly with him
but I do know he intends to defend himself or I would not have been hired," she said
"I believe he will deny the accusations."Belcastro
said of Siderno and his client: "It's a very small town so it's normal that he would know people who may have a criminal background
but that doesn't make him a criminal."Crupi's wife
did not respond to attempts to contact her through her husband's lawyer.SMUGGLING NETWORKAt the FloraHolland market
Crupi and Macri ran a business called Fresh BV
which boasted on its website that it was "a major player of the Italian wholesale market" with a trucking business providing "distribution that allows us to be proud of our speed and methods." In the mid-2000s
Fresh BV was sending about a truckload of flowers a day to Italy
but the company was still sending several trucks each week.The FloraHolland market in Aalsmeer is enormous
Since speed is of the essence in delivering fresh flowers
18-wheeler trucks rumble in and out at all hours.With the port of Rotterdam and Schiphol airport nearby
Crupi's flower business was perfectly positioned to receive drug shipments from South America and distribute them onwards
say police and prosecutors.As Italian police investigated Crupi
they asked their Dutch counterparts to bug the offices of Fresh BV
The eavesdroppers allege they heard Crupi and Macri speaking at length about mafia affairs
Court documents allege the two men discussed selling and shipping cocaine to a Neapolitan crime family; Macri's desire to set up a drug trafficking operation in Venezuela; the first birthday of an alleged clan member's son; how to fence millions of euros in stolen Lindt chocolate (see sidebar); and the deadly 'Ndrangheta power struggle in Canada.Prosecutors allege Crupi and Macri were wary of surveillance and behind closed doors spoke in Calabrian dialect
They usually referred to other suspected mobsters only by nicknames
such as "Chubby the son of Grace," "the brigand" and "the chosen one." Crupi often called Macri by his nickname
"pumadoru" – dialect for "tomato."The court documents allege that Crupi
Macri and others ran an organization "systematically and regularly dedicated to importing from Holland large quantities of cocaine to be sold on the Italian market." They represented the international business side of the 'Ndrangheta
rather than being feared bosses ruling home turf through clan loyalty and intimidation.Police carried out the first arrests in the investigation in August 2014
when they witnessed an Albanian man allegedly picking up drugs in Rome from a flower-truck driver working for the Crupi family
one of Crupi's truck drivers allegedly picked up more than 11 kilos of cocaine from a man in Rotterdam and shuttled it to Italy in a hidden compartment
according to police eyewitness accounts and a recording from a listening device in the cabin
The driver was recorded saying he had picked up the "black tulip bulbs," which police took to be code for the drugs.The driver was arrested in December 2014 at an isolated warehouse district in northern Italy where he met the alleged buyer of the drugs
prosecutors allege in Crupi's arrest warrant
were "just the tip of the iceberg."SPECIAL LAWTo tackle the likes of the Cosa Nostra and 'Ndrangheta
Italy has made it a criminal offence to be a member of a mafia organization
The offence carries a sentence of up to 24 years in prison if mafia activities have an international dimension
Italian prosecutors say the lack of such a law outside Italy is a serious impediment in tackling mafiosi operating internationally."Italy
because the authorities have had to struggle against the mafia for decades
has the best anti-mafia legislation and the best investigators," said Ellero
the head of Europol's organized crime squad in The Hague
it's back to square one."That is why many mafia operators have increasingly shifted activities and assets abroad
"The crime of mafia membership doesn't exist anywhere in the world except Italy
but the mafia is everywhere," said Reggio Calabria prosecutor Antonio De Bernardo
who is leading the southern court's investigation against Crupi.In February 2015
Italy's elite SCO police – knowing that rituals like birthday parties
weddings and funerals remain important occasions for the 'Ndrangheta – bugged a car Crupi rented in Siderno
He and his wife drove the car to their nephew's first birthday party at Siderno's Hotel President.During the trip home
he was recorded speaking to a known 'Ndrangheta member
This time police raided the place where Crupi was staying and took him to jail
He has remained in prison ever since.The police investigation is ongoing
prosecutors plan to seek a trial against Crupi
Macri and others for drug trafficking and mafia membership later this year
some of Crupi's former colleagues in Holland are still shocked at the accusation that he's part of the mafia
"If it's true," said a former employee of Crupi's flower company
"then he's a better actor than Robert de Niro and Al Pacino rolled into one."Additional reporting by Morgan Sharp in Toronto
Editing by Simon Robinson and Richard Woods
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the reputed leader of the Gambino crime family
was shot to death outside his house in Staten Island on Wednesday night
in a killing that echoes Mafia murders of the 1980s
The New York Police Department says that at 9:17 p.m
officers received a 911 call reporting an assault in progress in front of Cali's house
officers found a 53-year-old male with multiple gunshot wounds to the torso," the police said in a statement sent to NPR
Cali was taken to Staten Island University Hospital
Photos from the scene showed officers working around Cali's SUV on Wednesday night
with shell casings marked by overturned plastic cups
Witnesses told New York media outlets that they heard a number of shots before a blue pickup truck fled the area
Cali was commonly known as either Frank or "Franky Boy." He was believed to have had deep ties to the Mafia in Italy: As Staten Island Live reports
Cali "was born in Brooklyn and married into the Inzerillo family of Palermo and cultivated close ties with members of the Siderno cartel in Italy."
Cali was first reported to be in charge of the Gambino family in 2015
The Gambino family had previously gained a high profile under the leadership of John Gotti — who orchestrated the last public killing of a Gambino crime boss in 1985
when Paul Castellano was gunned down outside of Sparks Steak House in Manhattan
Cali lived in the Todt Hill section of Staten Island
on a leafy street near the private Richmond County Country Club golf course — and not far from where Castellano lived in a mansion when he ran the Gambino family
sits the house that portrayed the Corleone estate in The Godfather
Cali and dozens of Mafia figures were arrested on federal racketeering charges
serving 16 months in prison for his part in a scheme related to a proposal to build a NASCAR track in Staten Island
The Gambino family is one of five Mafia families that have long been seen as running Italian-American organized crime syndicates in New York
"The assassination of Mr. Cali came on the same day that Joseph Cammarano Jr., the reputed acting boss of the Bonanno crime family, was acquitted at trial," The New York Times reports
a longtime boss of the Colombo crime family
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This geological guide presents the description of locations associated with a two-day field trip arranged in relation to the 10th International Congress of Tidal Sedimentology (Tidalites)
The field guide describes sedimentological features of the largest among a series of tectonically controlled tidal straits that dissected the Calabrian Arc in southern Italy during the Early Pleistocene
50x20 km- wide Siderno Strait connected the Tyrrhenian with the Ionian seas
Due to tidal phase opposition between the two basins
continuous water-mass exchanges occurred through the strait
Sediments filling the Siderno Strait derived from both fluvial supply from the margins and intra-basinal autochthonous carbonate-factory debris
The main objective of the two-day field trip is to guide the visitor through a cross-section of the ancient strait
The focus during the day one is on strait-margin deltaic fluvial-dominated deposits
northern border and reworked by tidal currents in their distal reaches (delta front)
4–5 m-thick pebbly-sandstone strata intercalated with 2–3 m-thick tidally-generated cross strata stack into a ca
exposed in a series of outcrops progressively located down-current with respect to the inferred entry point to the north
150–190 m-thick succession consisting of cross-stratified mixed (bioclastic-siliciclastic) deposits
elongated ridges that accumulated in the south-eastern axial zone of the Siderno Strait
The selected stops offer panoramic views of exceptionally continuous sections and close-up observations
revealing different scales of depositional architectures and a variety of sedimentary structures and trace fossils that record the development of these tidal sand ridges during the strait lifespan
The interplay between the tectonic uplift of a central bedrock sill and a number of syn-sedimentary faults and high-frequency relative sea- level changes (induced by glacio-eustacy and active tectonics) can be deciphered from the architecture of the tidally-generated cross strata composing the main body of the ridges
Visualize the volume
International investigators warn the ‘Ndrangheta mafia family now resembles a “criminal blockchain” following the recent decentralization of its internal power structures
Usually, ‘Ndrangheta families in Canada take orders from “mother clans” in Calabria, but for the first time, mobsters outside of Siderno are making decisions that impact operations all the way back to Italy, reports National Post
“The governing body of the Siderno branch no longer operates only in Calabria
but also does so directly on Canadian soil
to give it a more effective and efficient command structure,” said Italian authorities in court documents
Sure, it appears the ‘Ndrangheta is decentralizing, but it isn’t using a blockchain to do so
The latest rumblings from the EU tech scene
which seems to be the foundation of this bizarre analogy
Police have said the concentration of ’Ndrangheta authority in Canada has become something “never seen before.”
Parallel organizational structures in Toronto
to where many notable ‘Ndrangheta mobsters have fled
reportedly allows operations to run smoothly even if police happen to raid crime bosses back in Italy
this resembles a decentralized blockchain-powered network like Bitcoin (kinda)
If you take down any number of Bitcoin nodes
Bitcoin’s design indeed means it will stay alive after a large percentage of its network suddenly goes dark
but to say that any system with a degree of decentralization is a blockchain (as these mafia experts have done) is
it’s certainly refreshing to see the phrase “criminal blockchain” used to describe something actually illegal
instead of as a slight against Bitcoin or some other cryptocurrency
When IEO
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The organized crime group, whose home is the southern Italian region of Calabria, is a global juggernaut that controls, among other things, the import of tens of billions of dollars of Latin American cocaine into Europe every year
generations-old codes of behavior and secrecy
Jole Figliomeni appears to have built her life away from the mafia
triggering a scandal that brought the clans to the brink of war
Caught between two angry families and facing the arrest of her father
she packed her bags and struck out on her own
moving to the West African country of Ivory Coast
Jole said she left to find a society that’s not based on who you are and who you know
But Italian law enforcement documents obtained by the Investigative Reporting Project Italy (IRPI)
show that the move may not have been quite so clean a break
Jole’s new home placed her at the center of what has become one of the most important hubs in the ‘Ndrangheta’s cocaine importation network
Wiretap transcripts obtained by IRPI show that she never severed her ties with her family
post-war sprawl on the shores of the electric blue Ionian Sea
the Calabrian town of Siderno is an unassuming capital for a global narco-empire
the town is home to one of the ‘Ndrangheta’s most powerful groups
Even compared to Italy’s other major crime groups -- Cosa Nostra in Sicily and Camorra in Naples -- the ‘Ndrangheta is a prodigious smuggler of drugs
Some specialists estimate that the network controls the majority of Europe’s cocaine imports
the four main families in Siderno – the Commisso
and the Figliomeni – are among the biggest players
“Decisions made by the four families can affect global cocaine prices,” De Bernardo told IRPI
it falls to Siderno’s women to keep the trade going
That’s why ‘Ndrangheta marriages aren’t just about love
according to wiretap transcripts obtained by IRPI
Jole is the daughter of Alessandro Figliomeni
But the man she struck up a relationship with
was a member of another of the four local ‘Ndrangheta families
relationships between members of two different families are a typical and even essential part of forging alliances
The problem is that Crupi was already married
His wife was the sister of Siderno’s boss of bosses
a man universally known as U’Mastru – The Master
According to documents stemming from a 2015 investigation
Siderno’s ‘Ndrangheta society disapproved of Giuseppe Crupi’s actions --not so much because he had violated the “code of ethics,” but because his behavior had reduced the stature of U’Mastru in front of the whole ‘Ndrangheta
a Canadian-based member of the group was overheard explaining that the scandal had damaged the honor of U’Mastru’s family
while strengthening relations between the Crupi and Figliomeni -- a big deal
In the past, ‘Ndrangheta wars have proven bloody and ruthless. The feud of San Luca, sparked in 1991 when a group of Pelle-Vottari boys threw eggs at boys from the Nirta-Strangio family, continued for years. It ended only after the infamous 2007 Duisburg massacre in Germany
the tensions didn’t escalate into violence -- likely because the families were tightly intertwined by a series of marriages
“It seems that they needed a stronger reason than adultery to spark an internal war.”
with the arrest – and eventual conviction – of mayor Figliomeni
on charges of corruption and mafia-type association
the four families involved set aside their differences
“After the earthquake that hit my father for things that are still being discussed in an ongoing trial
to a developing country,” Jole said in an email to IRPI
“in order to be valued for my abilities and not to be pre-judged based on personal things that happened to my father.”
If Jole was indeed trying to distance herself from the ‘Ndrangheta
Ivory Coast may not have been the best choice
Over the last decade
the countries of West Africa have become increasingly important as waypoints in the cocaine trade to Europe
where direct shipments from South America raise red flags
Organized crime groups typically run numerous routes at once
allowing them to switch and adapt in response to law enforcement action
According to an Italian police note obtained by reporters
Ivory Coast is recognised as one of these hubs
It’s unclear exactly what Jole did for her first three years in the country. In one 2013 newspaper interview
she described herself as a “consultant” for the local publishing industry -- an intermediary attempting to build ties between her home region and the small Ivorian city of Doropo
Italian authorities launched a fresh investigation into Siderno’s clans
It was a continuation of an earlier operation dubbed “Apegreen Drug,” after a laundromat owned by U’Mastru
which included intensive surveillance and phone wiretaps
showed that the clan used West African ports
to bring cocaine into Europe via the Belgian port of Antwerp
“Listening to [Siderno clan members] for over two years
we confirmed that U’Mastru was the leader of an extremely powerful drug ring based in the Locride [region in which Siderno is located],” Anti-mafia prosecutor De Bernardo said
“He is a sort of feudal lord through whose hands the entire illicit traffic had to pass
the Siderno clan reached out to their wayward daughter
a Siderno logistics manager travelling in Abidjan
making a call to another of U’Mastru’s lieutenants
Pezzano requested an update on an unnamed “girl.”
She’s been coming around with me for three days.”
The name of the “girl” in question does not appear in the wiretaps -- but police working on the Apegreen Drug investigation appeared to have identified her as Jole
since they included this transcript in a document sent to prosecutors that alleged her involvement in his trip
“The wiretaps seem to show Spataro was in Ivory Coast to organise drug trafficking,” according to the November 2015 document
Police surveillance during the operation showed that he had also travelled to Brazil, also a major 'Ndrangheta hub
According to a summary of evidence put together for prosecutors
police believe that U’Mastru had tasked Spataro with setting up a drug route from Abidjan to the Belgian port of Antwerp
The girl in question appears to have been seen by U’Mastru as key to the effort
the officers working on the Apegreen Drug investigation decided to strike
they watched Spataro push a wheelbarrow through a field
he retrieved a plastic package from the wheelbarrow and placed it inside the building
When police swooped in and searched the vehicle
they found a single white brick of cocaine
Claudio Spataro (in white shirt) and a man picking up the white bag of cocaine in a police surveillance video
The operation resulted in the arrest three months later of Spataro
Pezzano and 21 others on drug trafficking charges
arrested in July 2010 in a separate operation
Police traced the one-kilo brick to a shipment that had arrived in Antwerp just days before
But that’s as far as the investigation went
Italian law enforcement bodies are tightly constrained by national borders
Case documents show there was no local follow-up after the 2014 wiretap of Spataro in Abidjan
With no investigators on the ground in Ivory Coast and no ability to tap local phones
police had little information on how the Siderno families may have used the port
It is unclear if Jole’s involvement was merely as a one-off tour guide
provides some clues on what she did after Spataro’s visit
just 15 days after the phone call in which Spataro said he came “precisely for her,” Jole started what appears to have been a good job as an operations manager at a highly connected Abidjan information technology and cyber-security firm
IRPI reporters reached out to the company’s owner in mid-August
He did not answer questions about whether he had any contacts with the Siderno clan
Jole told IRPI that the company had fired her as a result of reporters’ questions
But her Facebook profile shows that she left the firm in June -- at least six weeks before reporters reached out to the owner
It’s not known exactly what Jole did for the Siderno clan or how long her assistance may have continued
Jole told IRPI she would answer questions to help fight the ‘Ndrangheta
a Professor of Criminology at the University of Oxford
her involvement demonstrates a key strength of the ‘Ndrangheta: family
Other groups such as Sicily’s Cosa Nostra -- the mafia popularized by Hollywood -- allow non-family members to join
This makes it easier to members to leave and for the police to develop sources on the inside
But the ‘Ndrangheta’s relies much more on family ties
"The crucial thing to distinguish is that the Italian mafias are based on family ties
and this is particularly true for the ‘Ndrangheta where the blood-tied families mainly mirror the mafia families
They are all related with each other; they are the same thing
Varese said the ‘Ndrangheta literally move by a chain migration whereby family members move across the globe before sending for others
Varese said this is a key part of their success
“The ‘Ndrangheta has a much larger global reach than the other Italian mafias
and this is also linked to the fact they are all relatives,” Varese said
When they establish a new base or do business in a foreign land
some Italian community or national who already lives in the country and who knows their way around
preferably somebody who doesn't mind dealing with the clans
“it’s really hard to say no to close family.”
This story was produced in partnership with IRPI and Correctiv
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When his brother was killed last year in an ambush
Vincenzo Muià became the boss of his Mafia clan in southern Italy
One of his first acts of leadership was to gather his loyal soldiers to plan their defence
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according to a translation of a police wiretap that captured his conversations
Muià’s arrival in Toronto this spring to consult Mafia leaders living in Ontario came at a terrible time for the grieving boss
York Regional Police had an ambitious anti-mob probe underway targeting the very people he had come to consult
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helped investigators not only understand more about the murder of Muià’s brother but also a raft of other crimes
producing 12 arrests in Italy including one of a Canadian man born in Toronto
It was the international counterpart to the large Toronto-area Mafia busts announced with fanfare last week
and its surprising findings highlight how important mobsters in Canada have become in the global underworld
Italian police had their interest sparked on Jan
a Mafia stronghold in Italy’s southern region of Calabria
the proper name of the powerful Mafia of Calabria
is part of a confederation of ’Ndrangheta families in and around Siderno that is often called the Siderno Group
considered one of the world’s foremost criminal enterprises
Muià was apoplectic over his brother’s murder
He started deconstructing and analyzing the ambush
It was an inopportune time for them to come
someone with a sharp grievance — someone whose two brothers were killed during a previous mob feud involving Muià’s family
The wiretaps captured Muià’s complaints that the victors left a surviving brother who could someday seek vengeance
Muià pulled family loyalists together and ordered them to rearm and get ready
left for Canada to spend a week or two trying to confirm his suspicions
“It was an inopportune time for them to come,” said Det
Carl Mattinen of York police’s new anti-Mafia taskforce
which ran the probe called Project Sindacato
“We happened to be live (with wiretaps) when they traveled here.”
collectively called “u Briganti” (the Brigands)
Police announced Angelo’s arrest in Vaughan
Mattinen named him as the head of the Figliomeni crime family
Italian court documents refer to both Figliomeni brothers as “fugitives” in Canada
having left Italy ahead of Mafia-association charges
revealed Muià seeking answers and advice on the consequences of pursuing his brother’s murderer
however — something that shocked even veteran Mafia investigators in Italy
There has been a shift in the Siderno Group’s power structure
the ’Ndrangheta families of Siderno operating in Canada — about seven of them — have been governed by a board of directors
called the “camera di controllo,” or chamber of control
as in other countries around the world and other regions of Italy where clans have spread
have all been subservient to the mother clans of Calabria
under a body known as “il Crimine di Siderno.”
Police in both countries now say the ’Ndrangheta’s Canadian presence has become so powerful and influential that the board north of Toronto has the authority to make decisions
not only in relation to Canada’s underworld
Decisions might be taken in Canada first and arrive in Siderno later
The Canadian board can have influence over the “entire ’Ndrangheta,” Italian authorities said
to give it a more effective and efficient command structure,” Italian authorities said in court documents
This shows that Canada’s mobsters are “more strategically powerful than we had thought before,” said Anna Sergi
a senior criminology lecturer at the University of Essex who specializes in the ’Ndrangheta
“From the wiretaps it appears that — differently from the situation portrayed in (previous investigations) — the chamber of control in Toronto can extend its strategic resonance to Siderno as well
for the first time reversing the order,” said Sergi
“Decisions might be taken in Canada first and arrive in Siderno later.”
It appears to be both a reflection of the realities of immigration and a strategic survival plan
A large number of respected and influential Calabrian mobsters have immigrated to the Toronto area
including some fleeing Italy’s anti-Mafia probes
if police make a decisive sweep against bosses in Italy
there is already a parallel structure operating with influence and international recognition that can keep the business running
Investigators described it as a form of “criminal blockchain.”
director of the Central Operational Service of Italy’s Polizia di Stato
said this level of ’Ndrangheta authority now concentrated in Canada is unprecedented
“This is something we have never seen before,” he said
That explains why Muià would seek counsel in Canada on a matter as important as accusing a fellow ’Ndrangheta member in Siderno of an unsanctioned murder
The arrests in Italy — where police called their probe Operation “Canadian ’Ndrangheta Connection” — included Gregoraci
He was charged with Mafia association and financial crimes
Muià is also charged with interfering with the police investigation into his brother’s murder
not only by trying to ensure he finds the gunman before police do
but also by taking his brother’s cell phone from the scene of his murder to hide any evidence from police
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By the time Santo Rumbo turned up in Luxembourg
he was already deeply enmeshed in the world of the Italian mafia
he’d allegedly risen to one of the highest ranks of the ’Ndrangheta
the vicious Calabrian crime group that is responsible for a good chunk of Europe’s cocaine trade
So Italian police were more than a little concerned to learn he had moved to the tiny northwestern European nation
where he got involved in a restaurant business along with a group of young migrants from an impoverished Italian village near his hometown of Siderno
The intensely hierarchical and clannish ’Ndrangheta have fanned out across the world from their home base in southern Italy
often using family-based chain migration to get footholds in new markets
is still the capital of their global narco-empire
the mighty Commisso clan rules over a number of ’Ndrangheta families that are so powerful that their decisions can affect global cocaine prices
Santo Rumbo’s father, Riccardo, was one of these family leaders, heading the Rumbo-Figliomeni ’ndrina subgroup
He had a reputation for power and ruthlessness
the younger Rumbo set up a money-lending business in Siderno under his father’s guidance
Santo allegedly took an important role in the Rumbo ’ndrina
At some point after that — investigators don’t know when — Santo Rumbo made his way to Canada
where he spent time with mob bosses there and received one of the ’Ndrangheta’s highest rankings
The upper echelons of the ’Ndrangheta are intensely secretive and almost impossible to penetrate
Even lower-ranking mafiosi might not know who holds what dote
But we do know that doti are incredibly important
Only mafiosi holding one of these top rankings are allowed to interact with heads of other mafia groups
and members of the fraternal order of Freemasons
Mafiosi above a certain dote are also eligible to sit on the provincia
the institution that rules over the entire ’Ndrangheta
the ’Ndrangheta can suffer from title inflation
The Vangelo ranking was created relatively recently
after bosses felt the ranks of the Santa had become too crowded
Prosecutors in Reggio Calabria only learned about Santo Rumbo’s high ranking by chance
when they overheard two ’Ndrangheta bosses in Canada talking about him on a wiretap
One mentioned that Rumbo was given a higher dote than his brother
If Rumbo did hold a ranking of Trequartino before the age of 30
this would have been an extraordinarily rapid rise through the mafia ranks
around that time an Italian police operation was under way to root out branches of the ’Ndrangheta in Canada
Wiretapped conversations from Operation Canadian Connection 2 tipped police off that Santo Rumbo’s next stop was Luxembourg
where Santo Rumbo turned up after allegedly climbing through the ranks of the ’Ndrangheta
The tiny country in the heart of Europe is one of the continent’s most notorious tax havens and has a poor record on corporate transparency
Until recently there was no public information available about who owned companies registered in Luxembourg
This can make it hard for Italian investigators to follow networks into that country
These very same qualities made it a draw for the mafia
a top antimafia prosecutor in the ’Ndrangheta stronghold of Reggio Calabria
“The ’Ndrangheta sees Luxembourg as an interesting place to invest and launder capital precisely because
there are financial systems and discreet ‘coffers’ that are extremely attractive for those who need to stash illicit money and black funds,” he said
on the basis of the Canadian wiretap evidence
“But we never got to investigate what he was doing [there],” said an Italian officer who led the Canadian operation
speaking on condition of anonymity so he did not expose himself while working on anti-mafia investigations
Members of the OpenLux project decided to try
Luxembourg established a public database of the ultimate beneficial owners (UBOs) of companies registered within its borders
But the new register has a major limitation: It can only be searched by company name or registration number
It doesn’t allow searches using the names of people who own the companies
allowing them to maintain a degree of secrecy
French newspaper Le Monde managed to scrape 3.3 million records from the register’s online platform
then collaborated with OCCRP’s data team to make them searchable
This allowed journalists from across the world to search the register by name for the first time and determine who owns what
Searching through newly available data on corporate ownership in Luxembourg
Santo Rumbo was not alone in the Grand Duchy
Surrounding him was a group of around 20 young entrepreneurs from Siderno and Mammola
a village of around 2,700 people perched in Italy's Aspromonte mountains just above the Siderno seaside
Some of them opened and closed a succession of restaurants working together with Rumbo and another mafia scion
the son of the ’Ndrangheta chief in Mammola
Mammola is a small village that sits in the mountains overlooking Siderno
Mammola’s branch of the ’Ndrangheta takes orders from Siderno’s
which ranks above it in the mafia hierarchy
But while members of the Siderno mafia famously migrated en masse to Canada and Australia
Mammola families mostly made their way north
a professor of criminology at the University of Essex
“It is thought from investigations in Germany
that Luxembourg is a transit territory for both mafia individuals and their activities and money,” explained Sergi
By cross-referencing corporate ownership and social network data
OCCRP’s partner IrpiMedia identified a larger group of 17 families from Mammola who have social ties and run a number of restaurants in Luxembourg’s Esch-sur-Alzette canton
Some of these restaurants make explicit references to the mafia in their decor and theme
with framed pictures of Scarface on the walls and bakers dressed in aprons emblazoned with images of El Padrino — The Godfather
Coming from Mammola doesn’t automatically make anyone a criminal
but Sergi said youth in the impoverished village are highly vulnerable to ’Ndrangheta recruitment
“Mammola is a tiny village without many opportunities for young people
so it becomes easy for youngsters to be lured by the possibilities of moving away and setting up a business abroad on behalf of
Despite the difficulties of investigating in Luxembourg
Italian prosecutors say they have reason to believe the ’Ndrangheta have established a significant presence there
Calabrians flocked north to take jobs in the burgeoning steel industry hub of Minett
with one family member settling up north and then sending for others
which is strategically located near the border between Belgium and France
Three young Italian girls in front of a market in the Italian quarter of Dudelange
a professor of criminology at the University of Oxford
said this type of chain migration is a key part of the ’Ndrangheta’s success
giving them “a much larger global reach than the other Italian mafias.”
the ’Ndrangheta also have the advantage of longevity
Many mafia families have been there for decades
and their members never had criminal records in Italy
we have detected the active presence of people linked to the ’Ndrangheta who are not easily classified
because the connections date back a long time,” he said
“At the time there wasn’t yet proper investigative activity [in Calabria]
aimed at mapping all the foreign projections of the ’Ndrangheta.”
The anti-mafia investigator who spoke on condition of anonymity said Italian authorities had seen a number of young people from “‘Ndrangheta environments” moving to Luxembourg to open restaurants — “clearly not with pocket money
said that his client had every right to move to Luxembourg
he chose Luxembourg to get away from a land that caused him much suffering due to mere prejudices not backed by evidence,” he added
In 2014, two young men from Mammola opened a Luxembourg company, I Bronzi Sarl
The first thing it did was set up a frozen yogurt shop called Happy Yogo in Differdange’s historic center
a now defunct frozen yogurt shop set up in the center of Differdange
by a company that later had ties to high-ranking ’Ndrangheta member Santo Rumbo
it closed and the company was declared dormant
The Mammola men were struck off the register in January 2019
I Bronzi opened a nearby sports bar serving Italian food
In a Facebook picture taken shortly after it opened
grinning as they grip a bottle of champagne
a beer being poured out over a barrel topped with the bar’s logo
One of the men pictured is the 25-year-old nephew of Tito Figliomeni
an associate of Santo Rumbo’s father in the Rumbo-Figliomeni ’ndrina
The second man is known by police intelligence as an active drug trafficker from northern Europe
and was arrested in France in 2006 in possession of amphetamines
Such small companies are not required to use a chartered accountant
and need only provide an abridged report of profits and losses
so it’s impossible to know the company’s real finances
the accounts that OpenLux reporters do have show very little activity for a restaurant
Rumbo’s lawyer claimed his client was only “a simple employee of the bistro,” never an investor or manager
and therefore couldn’t answer questions about its finances
Rumbo is listed in Luxembourg’s business register as a director of the company
(“Your source is wrong,” his lawyer said when asked about Rumbo’s control of the company.)
In this photograph taken shortly after I Bronzi’s sports bar opened
Santo Rumbo stands between two associates from Siderno
cutting into an unusual cake in the form of a bottle of beer being poured over the bar’s logo
one of the two young men from Mammola co-founded another Luxembourg company
This company also opened an Italian restaurant
One of the co-founders was another character with family ties to the ’Ndrangheta
the capo locale (local head) of the organized crime group for Mammola
and a high-ranking member of the ’Ndrangheta hierarchy
The pattern is striking: scions of both the Rumbo and Scali families managed companies in Luxembourg established with the help of the same young man from Mammola
OpenLux also identified yet another group of three young people from Mammola that opened and closed two restaurants in Differdange since 2017
They also founded a restaurant management company with very little capital
at the same address later used to open Romeo e Giulietta
Opening restaurants and cafes with just a tiny amount of capital and almost no money on the books
according to the senior antimafia investigator who tracked Rumbo down
This creates an excuse to open a local bank account and move money in
without allowing a company to get so big it attracts regulation and attention
OCCRP has uncovered no evidence that any of these Luxembourg businesses engaged in illegal activity
But one thing is now clear: the Rumbo family had a relationship with Luxembourg dating as far back as 2008
That’s the year in which an associate of the Rumbo ’ndrina — a man who was tried
launder drug money through a property development — opened a real estate company in Luxembourg
the beneficial owners of Luxembourg companies were kept secret
and the man may have assumed his tie to this firm would never be revealed
Dodgy money from around the world has poured into secretive shell companies based in Luxembourg
A UK-based accountant keeps getting accused of helping the Italian mafia hide its money — and British authorities keep doing..
Alessandro Figliomeni “belongs to” and plays a “top managerial role” in the ‘Ndrangheta
The former Calabrian mayor was a candidate for Berlusconi’s People of Freedom Party
Figliomeni made it to the high rank of ‘santista’ in the Commisso clan
one of the most powerful and richest divisions of the ‘Ndrangheta
The Siderno-based clan was lead by Guiseppe “il Mastro” Commisso until a few years ago and had associates as far as Canada and Australia. The international organization is also known as the Siderno Group.
Figliomeni’s role in the clan was uncovered during operation “Recovery,” which lead to 50 detention orders carried out by a mobile operations team of the police a few months after the 2010 regional elections.
Through recording conversations, the operation uncovered the criminal group's moves between Calabria and Australia. The mobile operations team had planted a bug in Commisso’s laundry and recorded a conversation saying that "... even the mayor of Siderno is a Christian like us" and that " the mayor of Siderno knows that he is the local leader in Siderno.”
Il Mastro had such influence in local politics that he could favor “the electoral outcome” and destroy “on the political level, any opponent,” said the Prosecutor General of Calabria.
The prosecutor’s office said that Figliomeni is "a politician of reference for the criminal association in Siderno and who, at the regional level, also promotes the interests of the gang.”
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Cosimo Stalteri, a retired Woodbridge businessman credited with helping take the Calabrian Mafia in Toronto from a poor group of immigrants to a global criminal powerhouse, was sent off in a funeral filled with family, friends and flowers on Saturday.
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Mr. Stalteri was born on Jan. 20, 1925, in Siderno, a town on the Ionian coast of southern Italy. He died Tuesday at the William Osler Health Centre in west Toronto at age 86. His soft smile and grey hair meant many did not realize the warm businessman, father and grandfather carried such history and respect within the underworld.
The 200 mourners who gathered at St. Peter’s Catholic Church in Woodbridge brought mountains of flowers for Mr. Stalteri.
Heading the procession of family and friends was a gleaming black Jaguar sports car.
Mr. Stalteri immigrated to Canada in 1952 after establishing himself within the ‘Ndrangheta, the secretive Mafia formed in the southern Italian region of Calabria. In 1946 he was convicted of assault causing bodily harm; in 1948 of theft. In 1950 he received amnesty after a conviction for carrying an unregistered gun and also beat a Mafia association conviction. In 1958, he received another amnesty from the Italian authorities clearing his criminal record.
After arriving in Toronto, he was appointed to the Camera di Controllo, the board of control that resolves disputes and organizes competing enterprises among the Calabrian crime clans.
In April 1971, Canadian police had an intelligence coup when they watched 23 suspected gangsters meet inside Mr. Stalteri’s home after listening to wiretaps placed on the phone of Calabrian mob boss Mike Racco. It is believed they were there to induct a new member into their clan in an initiation ceremony passed down over generations. The men were part of what became known as the Siderno Group, a cluster of crime families with their origins in Siderno that is hugely powerful today.
Police said Mr. Stalteri wielded great influence within the Canadian underworld and was considered the boss of his ‘Ndrangheta clan.
In 1973, Mr. Stalteri returned to visit Italy and killed a street vender in a dispute over a toy before fleeing back to Canada. He was never extradited for the killing, however. With Italian authorities apparently believing Mr. Stalteri had died, his arrest warrant was cancelled.
Mr. Stalteri was tracked by the police in Canada for decades. In 1992, Canadian police at a secret summit on organized crime conference pinned him as a significant leader of the ‘Ndrangheta in Canada. He was named as the boss of one of 10 ‘Ndrangheta clans in Ontario, based in Toronto, Hamilton, Ottawa and London.
By then a skilled diplomat, he stayed out of the limelight and avoided the bloodshed from various feuds that consumed many of his peers.
His influence waned as he aged and younger men took over his hands-on role, but his respect within the milieu was never forgotten.
Indeed, in the summer of 2009, secret police wiretaps installed by police in Italy in downtown Siderno caught a parade of mobsters talking indiscreetly.
Among the chatter were mafioso noting Mr. Stalteri’s declining health and praising him for a lifetime of able service.
“In America … he maintained a good organization,” said Giuseppe “The Master” Commisso, named as a senior boss in Italy.
(Police in Italy say Canada is so important to the Calabrian mob that when they speak of “America” they really mean Canada.)
“Yes, yes, always good,” agreed another man.
“He didn’t despise strangers,” Mr. Commisso went on.
“They still respect him, believe me,” the other man said.
“He respected everyone.” In Mr. Stalteri’s secretive world, little better could be said about anyone.
York police in Ontario are calling the year-long investigation the largest traditional organized crime takedown in the history of their department
Canadian police arrested 15 suspects for money laundering and illegal gambling, including nine top-level members of the Figliomeni crime organization
They also seized more than CAD$35 million (US$27 million) in assets
Just one of the Ferraris had an estimated value of US$672,000
“These arrests signify the fall of power for the most significant ‘Ndrangheta crime family operating in York Region,” said Chief Eric Jolliffe
conducted his crimes by using Canadian accounting firms
and real estate and construction companies
Casinos acted as the main front to the laundering operation
“The subjects could then leave with thousands of dollars each night under the guise of successful casino play,” Detective Sergeant Carl Mattienen said during a Thursday press conference
Figliomeni is being charged with money laundering
defrauding the Canadian government and directing a criminal organization
Canadian police coordinated with Italian state police
which led to the additional arrest of 12 suspects with connections to the Siderno group in Italy
The Italian suspects face charges of possession of weapons
fraudulent activities and armed mafia association
On Wednesday, Italian police and the FBI arrested 19 members of two Italian Mafia clans that were trying to build up their criminal power in Palermo while maintaining their connections in the United States.
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Part of Lawford’s work with Caron is to raise awareness of the fact that addiction is a family disease. He said, “If somebody had really taken me at fifteen years old and said, ‘You’re going to change your life,’ like my Aunt Eunice did with some of my cousins, it might have made a difference.” (In the book, he writes, “My mom once said, ‘You can’t make the daiquiris anymore?’ ”)
For a minute, Lawford was sounding a lot like another Kennedy cousin who has recently heeded the call of public service. Is being thrust into the spotlight for the betterment of humanity the clan’s latest curse?
Lawford was sympathetic to his cousin Caroline’s plight. “I don’t have the same kind of judgment about my situation that she’s facing,” he said. “I mean, people are, like, welcoming me. With her, it’s been a tough thing.” His advice: “I would say, to thine own self be true. If this is really in your heart, then you’ve got to do it. Fuck what people say.” (Just don’t ask Caroline, who recently snapped at Times reporters, about her moment of clarity.)
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It is with profound sadness that we the family announce the passing of Cosimo Pasqualino
He immigrated to Canada in 1972 where he built a new foundation for his family and had resided here in Thunder Bay since
He worked as a roofing labourer for many years until his retirement from Racco’s Industrial Roofing
Cosimo instilled a strong work ethic from a very young age and carried that characteristic in him in everything he did
and hard-working individual who always lent a helping hand and put the needs of others above his own
He instilled a strong influence to “do the best you can do” in our upbringing and we will be forever grateful for this
and hope to continue carrying forward his true values in all of our families
Even when we noticed a decline in his physical wellbeing
He continued to support us with truly the best care that any family could ever ask for
This is one of his greatest legacies that will always be remembered
and the resilience he portrayed at his weakest times are inspirations to us all
good-hearted man and a friend to all who knew him
and his coffee get-togethers right after with close friends
Cosimo will be forever loved and deeply missed by wife Rosina of 60 wonderful years together
Cherished by grandchildren Rosamaria (James) Porobic
Lorenzo Pasqualino & fiancée Elaina Turcotte
Lisamarie Riccio & fiancé Darin Pretto
Great-grandchildren Janelle and Giordano Porobic and Aaliyah Riccio
He will be held dear in the hearts of his sisters Ida Lizzi
and all surviving relatives in Thunder Bay
Predeceased by parents Maria and Carlo Pasqualino
mother and father in law Emelia and Giuseppe Sgambelluri
Our families acknowledge with sincere appreciation all expressions of kindness to each of our families during this time of bereavement
a private funeral Mass will be held with immediate family at St
Dominic Church to be celebrated by Father Mike Mahoney
Entombment will follow at Our Lady of Charity Mausoleum
donations may be made in honour of Cosimo to a charity of your choice
Capello for her compassion and care throughout all these years
To Nurse Practitioner Megan Ross for providing great assistance with all necessary needs to assist our Father
A special thank you to Cosimo’s home health care nurse Pierre Belda from Paramed
Words cannot express enough the exceptional care you have delivered since day one
and for the compassion you showed Cosimo and all of our family members
You truly made our Dad feel comfortable and assured him with every home care visit
To all the Personal Support Workers from Bayshore Home HealthCare
we have so much gratitude for the support you provided Cosimo to continue being at his home until his passing
He truly respected each and every one of you
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passed away unexpectedly while on vacation visiting family and friends in Siderno
Pool 15 until his retirement. He enjoyed spending time at the beach while on vacation
working in the garden and playing cards with family and friends.
especially his grandchildren who brought him so much joy.
He will be lovingly remembered and dearly missed by his wife Elisabetta
sons Franco and Giuseppe daughter Ivana (Matthew) Simmons
Maria and Domenico Pagliacolo from Toronto
He was predeceased by his parents Francesco and Rosina and siblings: Giuseppe
Antonio and Domenico. Funeral services will be held on Saturday
2016 when family and friends will gather in St
Church for the Funeral Mass beginning at 9:30 a.m
Visitation for friends will be held on Friday
Court Street where the Vigil Service will begin at 6 p.m.
As expressions of sympathy memorials to the charity of your choice would be appreciated). On-line condolences may be made at www.sargentandson.com
more than 27.000 containers would move through the port of Antwerp
The second largest entry point for goods shipped to Europe
only a fraction of containers are inspected by customs or police
a small coastal city deep in southern Italy
a man would walk across a field in the hills above the town pushing a wheelbarrow filled with broken bricks
The man would make his way towards a small warehouse used to store old tires at the other end of the field
before placing a white plastic bag inside the warehouse
A little later he would hand the bag over to the driver of a jeep
Officers would stop the jeep not long after the transaction
search it and find a white brick: about one kilo of pure cocaine
The hand-over of a cocaine shipment near the Italian city of Siderno
the police would later piece together the route these drugs took to reach Calabria
the home to the powerful ‘ndrangheta mafia group
likely tens of kilos of pure cocaine from Latin America that entered Europe in a container passing through Antwerp a few weeks before the seizure
arriving from the Western African port of Abidjan
Cocaine trafficking is the primary source of the power of the ‘ndrangheta
The group is at home in the Southern Italian region of Calabria while other mafia groups
operate from the area around Naples and the Cosa Nostra from Sicily
The ‘ndrangheta is estimated to control 40 percent of global cocaine shipments and is the main importer of cocaine into Europe
which are estimated by some to be more than 25 billion euros per year
They are thought to use Germany and Switzerland in particular
two countries in which anti-money laundering and anti-mafia laws are lax
So many ‘ndrangheta members come from the Calabrian city Siderno that an important subgroup of the ‘ndrangheta has been named after the town: the Siderno group of crime
The rugged town is richer than Beverly Hills thanks to the narco-dollars
Some of the richest men of Italy meet here in a laundry shop or in the garage of a wretched building
their decisions moving global cocaine prices and
impacting cocaine growers as far away as Latin America
The Siderno syndicate has a global reach and consists of four major families: the Commisso
and which sees its fortune decline depends heavily on how many of its members are in jail
the women of the families have to keep the criminal family business going while their men are jailed
Women born to ‘ndrangheta families have few rights and are subjected to the decision-making of the paternal rulers
Marriages are directed by dynastic rules and a woman who wants to chose her love will either have to escape or raise a scandal
It’s precisely a scandal within the most powerful crime group of the world that Juliana (name changed) caused in 2009
Juliana studied at university in Milano and is fluent in English and French
She’s also the daughter of a former top official in the government of Siderno and from one of the most powerful ‘ndrangheta families of the city
the wrong man: a relative of the boss of the Siderno syndicate who goes by the alias U’Mastru (the master)
U’Mastru was furious and blamed Juliana’s father for not exercising control over his daughter to stop the relationship
Juliana’s love affair would end far less tragically than Shakespeare’s star-crossed Romeo and Juliette
investigators believe the affair and its subsequent end seriously burdened the relationships between the families
their common business interests trumped emotions
A coincidence also helped defuse the tensions
Antimafia prosecutor Nicola Gratteri ordered the arrest of Juliana’s father over corruption and mafia membership charges
police arrested him just as he was attempting to escape to Australia
but only to pack her bags and make a final move out of the country
A court in Italy sentenced her father to 12 years in prison
having landed in Abidjan just three days earlier
Claudio Spataro called one of his associates in Italy
Is she taking your around?“ his contact asks him according to transcripts of police wiretaps seen by CORRECTIV: „Yes
seemingly glad he has help in a foreign country he struggles to navigate on his own
Cocaine smugglers are using the Western African city of Abidjan to move the drugs from South America on to Europe
in charge of the logistics of smuggling cocaine through Europe and the subsequent distribution to buyers in Siderno
Investigators also believe that U Mastru sent Spataro on trips abroad to strike drug deals and set up smuggling logistics
His cover in Siderno was a gas station that he owned and a business that traded old tires
It was Spataro who had stored the kilo of cocaine at the end of a field near Siderno that had come via container from Abidjan
The girl helping him around Abidjan was Juliana
but her family had requested her help and it appears she was unable to divorce herself from the family business
Court records show Spataro used her brother’s phone number to register his plane ticket
West Africa has become an important logistics hub for the Italian ‘ndrangheta as shipments from South America arriving directly at European ports raise more suspicion than those arriving from Western African ports
there are few custom controls in the region and bribery is common
The presence of the Italian mafia has had a devastating effect on the region
It has increased the level of drug use in countries that previously had no market for cocaine
It also undermines the rule of law in countries where corrupt payments offered by the mafia by far exceed the salaries of state officials
organized crime teams up with local guerrillas who then use the proceeds to fund their wars
Guinea-Bissau and Ghana were the first countries to be identified as major cocaine hubs in the region
The Italian mafia is also thought to have a presence in Senegal as well as a stake in the Moroccan hashish trade
cocaine smuggling through the Ivory Coast seems set to grow
Spataro explained to his associate at home that Juliana took three days off work to help him
The conversation continues with what investigators believe is a cryptical description of setting up a smuggling operation
including a reference to finding out the cost for a container
but investigators believe it is a code for cocaine smuggling
The members of ‘ndrangheta know their phones are likely tapped by Italian police
“The wiretaps seem to show Spataro was in Ivory Coast to organise drug trafficking“
it says in police records that are part of a police investigation into the Commisso clan of the Siderno syndicate
Spataro spoke to Juliana at length about the installment of a mysterious sand cleaning machine
Juliana initially said she was „honoured“ and wished „to contribute to the fight against the ‘ndrangheta in her home country“
She did not respond to a list of questions submitted before publication of this article
charged with storing and selling cocaine in Siderno for U’Mastru
A lawyer for Spataro did not respond to a request for comment
During the investigation, police say they discovered Spataro not only travelled to the Ivory Coast but also undertook numerous trips to Brazil, an important ‘ndrangheta hub.
we confirmed how U’Mastru was the leader of an extremely powerful drug ring based in the Locride“
„He is a sort of feudal lord through whose hands the entire illicit traffic had to pass
Italian police believe Claudio Spataro was tasked by U’Mastru to set up a successful smuggling route connecting Abidjan to Siderno on behalf of the Commisso clan
The port of Antwerp and the surrounding Flanders region was a key hub in-between
Court records show the Siderno syndicate had helpers in the region who are still at large today
A close associate of U’Mastro often received phone calls from another associate whose last known residence is the Flanders city of As
The two would discuss different import-export businesses which are thought to be a cover up for drug trafficking
In one of the latest wiretapped conversations
his associate talks about a mysterious Dutch man who is „a big fish“
having a company that can be used „as a bridge“ for a „standard item“ that weighs „250 units“
The news of that unidentified Dutch man on the wiretap is rather revealing
It demonstrates the number of helpers associated with the ‘ndrangheta extends far beyond West Africa
It underscores the power and vast network of individuals like Juliana who
allow the criminal organization to move drugs worldwide
This publication is a cooperation with the Italian journalist centre IRPI and the Occrp network
It has been funded by the Flanders Connecting Continents Grant
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called dangerous Mafia clan's ‘most important personality’Immigration authorities pressured Antonio Coluccio to leave Canada — and his wife and five children
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a ring of police officers roused Antonio Coluccio from slumber inside a house in Siderno
a village on Italy’s picturesque coast that has stubbornly remained a stronghold for the Mafia
arresting him — again — and putting another dent in his hope of returning to his home and family in Canada
until he was pressured to leave in 2010 by Canada’s immigration authorities who said he was involved in organized crime
His arrest this week will not aid his contention he is wrongfully accused of being a leading member of the ’Ndrangheta
the proper name of the powerful Mafia formed in the southern Italian region of Calabria
His arrest is part of a large joint investigation by Italy’s authorities
Coluccio and 26 others are accused of muscling in on public works contracts for infrastructure and waste management along the Ionian coast
including school renovations and a dam construction
said a senior police officer involved in the investigation
He is the most important personality in [his home town of] Gioiosa Jonica and in ’Ndrangheta,” said an official with the Polizia di Stato in Reggio Calabria who did not wish his name published
as the only one of three Coluccio brothers not in prison
had become the family’s main figure in a three-clan alliance that became the most important crime organization in Italy’s south
“He had an important role with Giuseppe Commisso and with Rocco Aquino
These are the most important families of Calabria
There is an alliance with these families.”
The accusations include extortion and collusion between the mob and politicians
both in public procurements and in elections
a politician and former president of Siderno city council
The municipality was dissolved last year by the government because of accusations of Mafia infiltration
Most firms in the area were victimized and under the clans’ control
“The firms were made to pay a bribe of 3% on the value of the work
The bribe dropped a bit in value because the companies bidding on the work were considered ‘friends’ of the men of the ’Ndrangheta,” officials said
The investigation “highlighted the leadership of the Commisso clan that is capable of projecting its criminal activities transnationally
Coluccio and his co-accused were led out of a police station in handcuffs
and taken to jail to await court appearances
dressed brightly in a yellow and black striped shirt
as he was in 2010 shortly after he arrived back in Italy from Canada
charging more than 300 men in an attack against the ’Ndrangheta
including several men with strong ties to Canada
One of those men nabbed in 2010 was Vincenzo “Vince” Tavernese
Italian prosecutors said at the time he was the head of one of seven ’Ndrangheta clans in the Toronto area
Tavernese forcefully said he had been wrongfully imprisoned and expects compensation from Italian authorities
Put that in the newspaper; I sue you people,” he said when approached for comment by the National Post
the government is going to pay me for real
I sue for $2-million,” he said before ending the interview
Tavernese’s case could not be independently confirmed prior to deadline
said he was unaware of the recent arrest and has not heard from his client recently
“He was cleared of all of that a few years ago
He was completely exonerated before,” said Mr
all moved to Canada in 2005 ahead of criminal charges against Salvatore and Giuseppe in Italy
making waves within the senior echelons of the province’s underworld
where he lived in hiding until found and arrested in a secret bunker
air conditioning and a large supply of food
Giuseppe was listed as one of Italy’s most dangerous fugitives while living in a luxury condominium on Toronto’s waterfront
he was arrested here and found with $1-million
He was deported and charged in Italy for masterminding a vast international drug-trafficking network
where he is fighting against deportation after the Canada Border Services Agency accused him of being involved in organized crime