A Japanese journalist living in Taiwan has launched a private think tank called the Indo-Pacific Strategy Think Tank (IPST) the organization has garnered significant attention from Taiwanese authorities On October 14, a reception celebrating the establishment of the IPSF took place at a hotel in Taipei Many prominent figures from Taiwan's political and business circles attended "Taiwan is at the forefront of preventing China's external expansion I hope this think tank will serve as a bridge between Taiwan and the democratic nations of the world." Yaita also noted that the IPST plans to release a monthly Taiwan Strait affairs report and a Taiwan Strait safety index it also intends to conduct public opinion surveys on Taiwan within the international community Political elites were also in attendance, indicating significant interest in the event. Deputy Secretary-General Ho Chih-wei of the Office of the President of Taiwan read a congratulatory message from President Lai Ching-te.  Raymond Greene, director of the American Institute in Taiwan (AIT) Taipei Office expressed a strong commitment to collaborating with IPST Greene emphasized the goal of advancing United States-Japan-Taiwan relations while enhancing peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait and the Indo-Pacific Kazuyuki Katayama, the representative of the Japan-Taiwan Exchange Association's Taipei Office the chairman of Taiwan's Taiwan-Japan Relations Association On the day of the reception, the Eastern Theater Command of the Chinese People's Liberation Army conducted large-scale exercises encircling Taiwan a record 153 Chinese military aircraft were confirmed around the island democracy the founder of United Microelectronics Corporation (UMC) also addressed the audience at the reception Chinese authorities designated Tsao as a "Taiwan independence activist" on their sanctions list he remarked that China's military exercises today have underscored the critical importance of IPST Born in Tianjin, China, as a second-generation Japanese, Yaita returned to Japan at 15. After graduating from Keio University's Faculty of Letters, he joined the prestigious Matsushita Institute of Government and Management he has become a prominent journalist in Taiwan Dr Robert D Eldridge an American political scientist conducting research in Japan and Taiwan "I am eager to see what kind of research outcomes IPST will produce in the future," said Dr Eldridge (Read the article in Japanese.) Author: Yoshiaki Nishimi,  The Sankei Shimbun Taipei Bureau Chief You must be logged in to post a comment. ' + scriptOptions._localizedStrings.webview_notification_text + ' " + scriptOptions._localizedStrings.redirect_overlay_title + " " + scriptOptions._localizedStrings.redirect_overlay_text + " Volume 14 - 2020 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.587733 This article is part of the Research TopicDevelopments in Implicit MeasurementsView all 16 articles The Shape of Water Stream Induces Differences in P300 and Alpha Oscillation A Corrigendum on The Shape of Water Stream Induces Differences in P300 and Alpha Oscillation by Kanayama, N., Mio, S., Yaita, R., Ohashi, T., and Yamawaki, S. (2020). Front. Hum. Neurosci. 13:460. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00460 In the original article, there was a mistake in Figure 6 as published. In the figure, the locations of the scatter plot were wrong. In original Figure 6B, a plot for Softflow x comfort (left bottom) was a plot for Normal x richness (right up). The corrected Figure 6 appears below Scatter plots of subjective rating scores and EEG responses to water streams The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way Ohashi T and Yamawaki S (2020) Corrigendum: The Shape of Water Stream Induces Differences in P300 and Alpha Oscillation Received: 27 July 2020; Accepted: 18 August 2020; Published: 21 October 2020 Edited and reviewed by: Micah M. Murray Copyright © 2020 Kanayama, Mio, Yaita, Ohashi and Yamawaki. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited in accordance with accepted academic practice distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms *Correspondence: Noriaki Kanayama, a2FuYXlhbWEubkBhaXN0LmdvLmpw Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher 94% of researchers rate our articles as excellent or goodLearn more about the work of our research integrity team to safeguard the quality of each article we publish Asia is host to a wealth of architectural marvels. And given that over four and a half billion people call this continent home, it is no surprise that a considerable amount of that craftsmanship and ingenuity has been funneled into effective transportation solutions. Since the turn of the millennium, a number of extraordinarily long bridges have been put in place, mainly in China and particularly of the high-speed rail viaduct variety These help residents bypass densely populated zones or simply otherwise roundabout and time-consuming routes Let's look a little closer at the eleven longest bridges in Asia helping to connect the country's largest city Not only does this bridge possess a paradigm-shifting length but it also averages 328 feet (100 meters) in height with a maximum clearance of 492 feet (150 meters) in order to allow ships to pass under it in certain parts Western Taiwan's Changhua-Kaohsiung Viaduct is a worthy competitor to all of China's mega-bridges This 97.7-mile-long (157.3km) construction consists of a series of bridges that connect Baguashan in Changhua County with the district of Zuoying in Kaohsiung City This stretch is a significant portion of Taiwan's High-Speed Railway Since Taiwan sits right on top of the junction between two tectonic plates (the Philippine Sea and Eurasian Plates) this bridge was carefully designed to resist regular earthquakes – some of which register considerable magnitude the Changhua-Kaohsiung Viaduct has held strong since it opened in 2004 Japan's 71.1-mile-long (114.4km) viaduct connects Kita City (which sits immediately North of Tokyo) to Yaita. This is a crucial first section of the Tohoku Shinkansen high-speed rail (aka "bullet train") that links the capital with the city of Aomori, which sits on the far North side of Honshu (i.e., the largest and most populous of Japan's four islands) This makes Tohoku the longest Shinkansen line in the country the Kita-Yaita Viaduct is the oldest bridge on this list by nearly two decades Another juggernaut along China's Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway is the Tianjin Grand Bridge it finished construction in 2010 and opened the following year 70.6 miles (113.7km) is still an outstanding spread Reinforced box girders weighing hundreds of tons carry rail passengers from the Langfang prefecture in the Hebei province (just South of Beijing) As if the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway was not already impressive enough it features a third entry amongst Asia's (and the world's) top five longest bridges The Cangde Grand Bridge is sometimes listed just ahead of the Tianjin Grand Bridge but its length is more commonly cited as 65.8 miles (105.9km) several enormous viaducts (still one more to come) were required to complete the public commute between China's capital city and the financial epicenter of Shanghai Any one of these sections easily surpasses what has been put forward by the planet's bridge engineers to date let alone the entirety of the conglomerate project The Cangde Grand Bridge sits atop 3,092 piers making it resilient against seismic activity When China's Weinan Weihe Grand Bridge opened in 2008 it snatched the Guinness World Record for the world's longest bridge Even though it has been outdone a handful of times since then 49.5 miles (79.7km) is still quite staggering – over double the distance of anything in the West The Weinan Weihe Grand Bridge is part of the Zhengzhou-Xi'an High-Speed Railway in the East-Central portion of the country It serves as a vital cog in the colossal machine that shuttles passengers from the capital city of the Henan province as far West as the capital city of the Shaanxi Province Thailand's Bang Na – Bang Phili – Bang Pakong Expressway holds the Guinness World Record for the longest road bridge Unlike the high-speed rail bridges that exclusively preceded this entry the Bang Na Expressway (as it is known for short) or the Burapha Withi Expressway (as it is formally referred to) Its 33.5-mile (54km) length runs between the Bang Na and Chon Buro Interchanges and serves to alleviate the dense traffic of National Highway Route 34 (aka the Bang Na-Trat Highway) for the residents of Thailand's capital city The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge is yet another world record holder. It shares the crown for the longest bridge over water with Louisiana's Lake Pontchartrain Causeway Because of the categorical differences in construction China's entry was given an "aggregate length" qualifier This 34-mile (55km) structure transitions to a 4.3-mile-long (7km) tunnel en route the bridge is sometimes listed at its full which puts it ahead of Thailand's Bang Na Expressway but it is formally recognized by Guinness World Records as being 30 miles (48.3km) – putting it just behind and only a hair ahead of the next lengthy Chinese bridge the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge connects these three major cities crossing the Pearl River Delta and greatly reducing commute time in the process The bridge party once again circles back to the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway The main line of this immense system covers over 800 miles and includes some 20 bridges en route – four of which make the cut for the continent's top ten longest The 29.9-mile-long (48.2km) Beijing Grand Bridge kicks things off as the train leaves Beijing South en route to Langfang in the Hebei Province Along with serving its public transportation role this bridge closes the gap between the Yangtze River Delta and the Bohai Economic Rim and facilitates the export of agricultural and natural resources The only other bridge on this list that is not part of a high-speed railway (along with the Bang Na Expressway) belongs to the Metro Manila Skyway System. This 24.4-mile-long (39.2km) elevated toll road is found on the archipelago nation of the Philippines and connects the North and South Luzon Expressways and the third stage is still under construction hosts the final marathon bridge in this collection (well Line 1 of the elevated Wuhan Metro covers 23.5 miles (38km) between the Huangpu Lu and Zhongguan stations with 32 stops in between – making it the longest elevated metro line in the world The Wuhan Metro was built in 2004 to ease traffic on the motorist bridges crossing the Yangtze River it was the only metro line of its kind to operate in the Wuhan metropolis The list of longest bridges in Asia overlaps almost identically with the longest bridges in the world the longest bridges in China constitute the majority of the continent's highlights these eleven elevated engineering projects show the ability of humankind to adapt to an ever-changing Now that we've analyzed the top contenders photos and original descriptions © 2025 worldatlas.com Your browser does not support JavaScript, or it is disabled．Please check the site policy for more information National Report The mayor of an island off the coast of southern Kagoshima Prefecture has done an about-face over the controversial relocation of U.S military exercises nearby after he campaigned to stop it Nishinoomote Mayor Shunsuke Yaita won re-election in January 2021 vowing to staunchly oppose the U.S military using the nearby Mageshima island which is part of Nishinoomote but uninhabited Yaita met with Defense Minister Nobuo Kishi in Tokyo and submitted a request regarding Mageshima that all but admitted defeat It called for creating a forum between the municipal and central governments to discuss the issue on the assumption that the training exercises would be moved there and that a new Self-Defense Force base would be built there as well It also requested “special consideration” of tax subsidies distributed to local governments that agree to cooperate with efforts to relocate U.S Kishi told Yaita that efforts would be made to respond to local concerns through the new forum and that utmost consideration would be given over the tax subsidy “There was a need to resolve the concerns of residents through a realistic approach,” Yaita told reporters after the meeting Yaita said he would express his position on the Mageshima plan at a later date but added he felt this was the responsible way to proceed I felt I could not encourage division among residents.” Defense Ministry officials had informed Yaita in January that Mageshima had been selected to be the site for U.S military training exercises and hosting the SDF base Prime Minister Fumio Kishida’s Cabinet approved a draft budget for fiscal 2022 with 318.3 billion yen ($2.8 billion) earmarked for the Mageshima base plan Foreign Minister Yoshimasa Hayashi and their U.S the two sides agreed to proceed with the Mageshima plan Given that the central government has already formally approved Mageshima as the site The Nishinoomote municipal government held discussions with 51 local organizations Some expressed expectations they would receive tax subsidies while others asked that a forum be set up to discuss local concerns The request made clear that the municipal government was prepared to accept the relocation and the new SDF base as it entered discussions with the central government (This article was written by Sunao Gushiken and Kaigo Narisawa.) Ministry tells island city it will host SDF base EDITORIAL: Local support vital for planned military base on Mageshima isle Experts: SDF base could wipe out deer native to Kagoshima isle Japan repeats its call for stricter COVID measures at U.S Information on the latest cherry blossom conditions Please right click to use your browser’s translation function.) A series based on diplomatic documents declassified by Japan’s Foreign Ministry Here is a collection of first-hand accounts by “hibakusha” atomic bomb survivors chefs and others involved in the field of food introduce their special recipes intertwined with their paths in life A series about Japanese-Americans and their memories of World War II In-house News and Messages No reproduction or republication without written permission This work, Bamboo harvested from Camp Zama to be used to construct traditional giant kite, by Noriko Kudo, identified by DVIDS, must comply with the restrictions shown on https://www.dvidshub.net/about/copyright Our #1 AI Stock Pick is on a steep discount - 29.99$ instead of 99.99$! Click here to access exclusive research We will take a look at the 5 longest bridges in the world. To read about some more bridges in this list, you can go to the 15 Longest Bridges in the World Cangde Grand Bridge is the third bridge along the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway that spans more than 100 km The bridge is supported by a total of 3092 piers and was designed with the capability to withstand earthquakes similar to other bridges on the same railway line Artificial intelligence is the greatest investment opportunity of our lifetime The time to invest in groundbreaking AI is now My #1 AI stock pick delivered solid gains since the beginning of 2025 while popular AI stocks like NVDA and AVGO lost around 25% The numbers speak for themselves: while giants of the AI world bleed showcasing the power of our research and the immense opportunity waiting to be seized Artificial intelligence isn’t science fiction anymore It’s the revolution reshaping every industry on the planet From driverless cars to medical breakthroughs and savvy investors stand to reap the rewards Here’s why this is the prime moment to jump on the AI bandwagon: Exponential Growth on the Horizon: Forget linear growth – AI is poised for a hockey stick trajectory and automated logistics that streamline everything This isn’t a maybe – it’s an inevitability Early investors will be the ones positioned to ride the wave of this technological tsunami Ground Floor Opportunity: Remember the early days of the internet Those who saw the potential of tech giants back then are sitting pretty today We’re not talking about established players – we’re talking about nimble startups with groundbreaking ideas and the potential to become the next Google or Amazon This is your chance to get in before the rockets take off Disruption is the New Name of the Game: Let’s face it and it’s shaking the foundations of traditional industries while the dinosaurs clinging to outdated methods will be left in the dust The Talent Pool is Overflowing: The world’s brightest minds are flocking to AI From computer scientists to mathematicians the next generation of innovators is pouring its energy into this field This influx of talent guarantees a constant stream of groundbreaking ideas and rapid advancements you’re essentially backing the future The future is powered by artificial intelligence Don’t be a spectator in this technological revolution Dive into the AI gold rush and watch your portfolio soar alongside the brightest minds of our generation This isn’t just about making money – it’s about being part of the future buckle up and get ready for the ride of your investment life Act Now and Unlock a Potential 10,000% Return: This AI Stock is a Diamond in the Rough (But Our Help is Key!) and savvy investors stand to make a fortune how do you find the hidden gem – the company poised for explosive growth that even if its stock price quadrupled today it would still be considered ridiculously cheap That’s the potential you’re looking at This isn’t just about a decent return – we’re talking about a 10,000% gain over the next decade Our research team has identified a hidden gem – an AI company with cutting-edge technology and a current stock price that screams opportunity This company boasts the most advanced technology in the AI sector It’s like having a race car on a go-kart track They have a strong possibility of cornering entire markets becoming the undisputed leader in their field Here’s the catch (it’s a good one): To uncover this sleeping giant We want to make sure none of our valued readers miss out on this groundbreaking opportunity That’s why we’re slashing the price of our Premium Readership Newsletter by a whopping 70% For a ridiculously low price of just $29.99 you can unlock a year’s worth of in-depth investment research and exclusive insights – that’s less than a single restaurant meal Here’s why this is a deal you can’t afford to pass up: • Access to our Detailed Report on this Game-Changing AI Stock: Our in-depth report dives deep into our #1 AI stock’s groundbreaking technology and massive growth potential • 11 New Issues of Our Premium Readership Newsletter: You will also receive 11 new issues and at least one new stock pick per month from our monthly newsletter’s portfolio over the next 12 months These stocks are handpicked by our research director • One free upcoming issue of our 70+ page Quarterly Newsletter: A value of $149 • Bonus Reports: Premium access to members-only fund manager video interviews • Ad-Free Browsing: Enjoy a year of investment research free from distracting banner and pop-up ads allowing you to focus on uncovering the next big opportunity • 30-Day Money-Back Guarantee:  If you’re not absolutely satisfied with our service we’ll provide a full refund within 30 days Space is Limited! 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Try to sign in again and use the "Forgot Password" button If you have any questions please contact us China is unlikely to attempt an invasion of Taiwan as defeat would mean the collapse of the Chinese Communist Party a former Japanese defense official said on Sunday China is also facing food security problems and its military strength remains insufficient for an invasion of Taiwan who formerly served as director-general of the Japan Defense Agency said during a speech at an event held by the Japan-Taiwan Exchange Association in Taipei political commentator Akio Yaita quoted 85-year-old Tamazawa as saying that this week’s visit to Taiwan was aimed at “uniting Taiwanese in the face of Chinese projections of strength.” If Taiwanese show determination to defend themselves democracies worldwide would come to their aid Tamazawa said that as China imports 5 percent of its food and since its Belt and Road Initiative has failed to boost its food security as Beijing had hoped 70 million Chinese face food security problems Those food imports are also being threatened by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine as China previously had obtained 27 percent of its imported grains from the two nations The problem is exacerbated by the fact that 60 percent of China’s population eats pork and 1kg of pork requires 30kg of grain to produce adding that China is also struggling to catch enough fish to meet demand especially as Chinese fishers are banned from fishing within 200 nautical miles (370km) of Japanese waters “Launching a war requires an abundant food supply it would immediately face food shortages,” Tamazawa said “You can’t fight a war on an empty stomach.” He said that the US invasion of Japan in World War II could be used as a reference for how an attempted invasion of Taiwan might unfold “The US military had roughly 700,000 troops 30 aircraft carriers and 300 warships when it initially attempted to take Kyushu which had a garrison of 200,000 troops,” he said the US was unable to take Kyushu at that time.” China would need at least 1.3 million to 1.6 million troops to invade Taiwan and it is currently not capable of transporting that number to Taiwan in the timeframe required Beijing realizes that an invasion would fail which is the reason it uses aggressive cognitive warfare tactics against Taiwan please disable the ad blocking feature and reload the page This website uses cookies to collect information about your visit for purposes such as showing you personalized ads and content By clicking “Accept all,” you will allow the use of these cookies Users accessing this site from EEA countries and UK are unable to view this site without your consent Tochigi — A donation of 500 traffic crossing flags was made on July 26 to the city of Yaita as part of a local traffic safety project for 7-year-olds made by the Tochigi headquarters of the National Federation of Workers and Consumers Kyosai Cooperatives was presented to Yaita Mayor Junichiro Saito by the secretary general of the headquarters’ Nasu district steering committee at a presentation ceremony held at the city office Yaita became the third city in the Nasu area to receive the flags after Nasu-Shiobara and Otawara “It was only recently that five schoolchildren were killed or injured in an accident in Yachimata and we have just begun implementing safety checks in school zones We’d like to be of service by distributing the flags to each school,” Saito said Our weekly ePaper presents the most noteworthy recent topics in an exciting © 2025 The Japan News - by The Yomiuri Shimbun Metrics details Cesium (Cs) removal from nuclear liquid wastewater has become an emerging issue for safeguarding public health after the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant A novel macrocyclic ligand of o-benzo-p-xylyl-22-crown-6-ether (OBPX22C6) was developed and successfully immobilized onto mesoporous silica for the preparation of hybrid adsorbent The benzene ring π electron is the part of crown ether of OBPX22C6 for easy orientation of the macrocyclic compound for making the π electron donation with Cs complexation The potential and feasibility of the hybrid adsorbent as being Cs selective was evaluated in terms of sensitivity The results clarified that the Cs removal process was rapid and reached saturation within a short time Considering the effect of competitive ions sodium (Na) did not markedly affect the Cs adsorption whereas potassium (K) was slightly affected due to the similar ionic radii the oxygen in long ethylene glycol chain in OBPX22C6 was expected to show strong coordination including Cs-π interaction with Cs even in the presence of the high amount of K and Na Due to its high selectivity and reusability significant volume reduction is expected as this promising hybrid adsorbent is used for Cs removal in Fukushima wastewater the selective separation of low concentration levels of radioactive Cs has attracted the attention of many researchers and scientist due to the co-existence of high concentrations of K and sodium (Na) ions adsorbent materials that can selectively and efficiently remove this radionuclide from processed and nuclear wastewaters before being discarding into bodies of water is important for minimizing water pollution caused by radionuclides Synthetic route for the preparation of macrocyclic o-benzo-p-xylyl-22-crown-6-ether (OBPX22C6) ligand A series of experiments was carried out to assess the utility of this prepared hybrid adsorbent for the removal of Cs from aqueous solutions The present work investigated the hybrid adsorbent’s performance in the removal of Cs under different experimental conditions such as contact time Representative of Cs complexation with hybrid ligand consisting of OBPX22C6 using Cs-π interaction for selective Cs removal in the presence of high amount of alkaline potassium (K) and or sodium (Na) ions Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms at 77 K of (a) mesoporous silica monolith and (b) hybrid adsorbent after successful immobilization of OBPX22C6 macrocyclic ligand The insert lists in (a,b) are the surface area (SBET) pore volume (Vp) and the pore size (D) of the mesoporous silica and hybrid adsorbent Representative of SEM(A,B) and TEM (C,D) images of parallel hexagonal pore channel systems uniformly shaped mesoporous silica; STEM images of hybrid adsorbent also representing the well-ordered mesoporous structure for high order Cs capturing from wastewater samples Effect of solution acidity pH on cesium adsorption by the hybrid adsorbent (A) and Variation of Cs adsorption on the adsorbent as a function of contact time (B) where the initial Cs concentration: 0.03 mM and 0.038 mM for pH effect and contact time evaluation respectively; amount of adsorbent: 10 mg and solution volume: 10 mL This data also clarified that the equilibrium time was found to be independent of the initial concentration the contact time was fixed at 3 h for the rest of the batch experiments to make sure that the equilibrium was reached when the initial concentration was high in the evaluation of maximum adsorption capacity by the adsorbent Ion selectivity effect of K (A) and Na (B) on the Cs removal efficiency by the hybrid adsorbent At optimum conditions where the initial Cs concentration fixed at 0.0075 mM amount of adsorbent: 10 mg; solution volume: 10 mL; K concentration: 0.025 mM to 7.69 mM; Na concentration: 0.043 mM to 13.04 mM (A) Effect of initial concentration of the cesium adsorption on the hybrid adsorbent and fitting of Langmuir isotherm with cesium adsorption where the initial Cs concentration was varied from 0.015 mM to 1.13 mM; solution pH 7.0; adsorbent amount 10 mg; solution volume 10 mL shaking time for 3 h and (B) the elution operation using 0.25 M HCl solution and recycling the hybrid adsorbent during six adsorption-elution-regeneration cycles The maximum adsorption value was calculated to be 86.28 mg/g The radioactive concentration is low in the real liquid waste sample and the adsorption capacity by the hybrid adsorbent is promising and meaningful for efficient Cs removal from waste solutions Also the high adsorption capacity indicated that the hybrid adsorbent exhibits the high functionality to remove Cs in terms of high adsorption thus making the adsorbent a promising candidate for potential applications to in situ nuclear liquid waste treatment in Fukushima the present hybrid adsorbent is promising for environmental remediation A schematic design of the construction of ligand based hybrid adsorbent for Cs removal and recyclable of the adsorbent from the stand point of long time uses without significant loss of the performances The novel crown ether based hybrid adsorbent was considered as effective adsorbent materials for efficient cesium (Cs) separation in terms of selectivity and reusability The adsorbent exhibited larger surface area and large pore sizes for easy incorporation Cs with specific functionality of organic compound The solution pH exhibited an important parameter of the Cs adsorption on hybrid adsorbent with an optimum pH at 7.0 The adsorption isotherms were well fitted by Langmuir isotherm model and the calculated maximum adsorption capacity was 86.28 mg/g The presence of K and Na slightly inhibited the Cs adsorption by the hybrid adsorbent due to the similar ionic radii more than 60% of the Cs could be adsorbed even in the presence of high concentrations of K (7.69 mM) and Na (13.04 mM) The high selectivity was estimated by the Cs-π interaction of the OBPX22C6 benzene ring π electron on the hybrid adsorbent surface high selectivity and high reusability of the hybrid adsorbent imply that this adsorbent could be used as an effective adsorbent for Cs removal from radioactive aqueous waste in Fukushima All materials and chemicals were of analytical grade and used as purchased without further purification Tetramethylorthosilicate (TMOS) and the triblock copolymers of poly(ethylene oxide–b–propylene oxide–b–ethylene oxide) designated as F108 (EO141PO44EO141) were obtained from Sigma–Aldrich Company Ltd p-xylene-α,α‘-diol and metal salts for the source of metal ions were purchased from Wako Pure Chemicals The bis(2-chloroethyl)ether and catechol were obtained from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co. Ultra–pure water prepared with a Millipore Elix Advant 3 was used throughout this work The preparation steps for o-benzo-p-xylyl-22-crown-6-ether (OBPX22C6) are shown Fig. 1 20 mmol) in DMF (50 mL) solution was added slowly and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h After that bis(2-chloroethyl)ether (28.6 g 200 mmol) was added into the mixture and stirred at room temperature for 24 h Then the mixture solution was cooled at 0C and methanol (10 mL) was added in this stage The organic solution was evaporated using rotary evaporation and the residue compound was dissolved in dichloromethane and water The crude product was purified by column chromatography using hexane/ethyl acetate as ration of 2:1 and separated the desired product of p-xylene-α,α‘-di(ethylene glycol mono-2-chloroethylether) 2.7 mmol) in acetonitrile (218 mL) were mixed and the mixture was refluxed A solution of p-xylene-α,α‘-di(ethylene glycol mono-2-chloroethylether) (4.72 g 13.4 mmol) in acetonitrile (50 mL) was added slowly and then the mixture was refluxed for 4 days the mixture was filtrated and inorganic salt was separated The crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel using hexane/ethyl acetate and OBPX22C6 was separated accordingly The product was characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy The NMR spectra were obtained on a Varian NMR System 400 MHz Spectrometer The SEM analysis was performed on Hitachi S-4300 operated at 16 keV TEM images was obtained by using a JEOL (JEM-2100F) and operated at the accelerating voltage of the electron beam 200 kV The N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms were measured using the 3Flex analyzer (Micromeritics The metal ion concentrations were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS the composition mass ratio of F108:TMOS:HCl/H2O was 1.2:2:1 respectively Homogeneous sol-gel synthesis was achieved by mixing of F108/TMOS in a round balloon flask and then shaking at 60 °C until homogeneous The hydrolysis and condensation occurred after addition of HCl (at pH = 1.3) to this homogeneous solution Then the methanol produced from the TMOS hydrolysis was removed by a rotary evaporator at 45 °C The organic moieties were removed by calcination at 500 °C for 6 h under normal atmospheric condition Then the material was ground gently and ready to use for fabrication hybrid adsorbent with OBPX22C6 ligand immobilization The hybrid adsorbent was prepared by direct immobilization approach N–dimethylformamide (DMF) solution and then 1.0 g of mesoporous silica was added to the solution The immobilization procedure was performed under vacuum at 55 °C until OBPX22C6 saturation was achieved The DMF was removed by a rotary evaporator at 80 °C and the hybrid adsorbent was washed in warm water to check the leaching and elution of OBPX22C6 from the mesoporous silica The material was then dried at 45 °C for 6 h and ground to fine powder for Cs ions removal experiments to justify the several parameters under optimal conditions The pH solution was adjusted by adding HCl as required a fixed amount of hybrid adsorbent was added Cs ion containing 10 mL solutions and shook for 50 min (except for the initial concentration effect) at room temperature the conjugate adsorbent was separated and supernatant concentration was analyzed The Cs adsorption was determined based on the following equations: where V is the volume of the aqueous solution (L) and M is the weight of the hybrid adsorbent (g) C0 and Cf are the initial and supernatant Cs concentrations in solution To determine the regeneration and reusability of the hybrid adsorbent a 10 mL of 3 mM Cs containing solution was adsorbed by the 40 mg hybrid adsorbent and then the elution experiments were carried out with 0.25 M HCl acid The hybrid adsorbent containing Cs was washed with deionized water and transferred into a 50 mL beaker Then 5.0 mL of the eluting agent was added and the mixture was stirred for 15 min The concentration of Cs ions released from the hybrid adsorbent into aqueous phase was analyzed by AAS It is also noted that all experiments in this study were duplicated to assure the consistency and reproducibility of the results A Reliable Hybrid Adsorbent for Efficient Radioactive Cesium Accumulation from Contaminated Wastewater Preliminary estimation of release amounts of 131I and 137Cs accidentally discharged from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant into the atmosphere Possible role of organic matter in radiocaesium adsorption in soils World Health Organization (WHO): Health effects of the Chernobyl accident: an overview. Technical report. (2006) Available at: http://www.who.int/ionizing_radiation/chernobyl/backgrounder/en/ (2006) Toxicology Data Network (TOXNET): Human health effects. Technical report. (2006) Available at: http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/a?dbs+hsdb:@term+@DOCNO+7389 (2006) An amide functionalized calix-benzocrown-6 ionophore for the selective extraction of cesium from highly concentrated nitric acid: the effect of intramolecular buffering Chemistry of radioactive cesium in the hydrosphere and in the geosphere Removal of Cs + from simulated waste with countercurrent two-stage adsorption followed by microfilteration Cesium adsorption and distribution onto crushed granite under different physicochemical conditions Assessment of the caesium-137 flux adsorbed to suspended sediment in a reservoir in the contaminated Fukushima region in Japan An isotope dilution–precipitation pro-cess for removing radioactive cesium from wastewater Selective sorption of cesium using self-assembled monolayers on mesoporous supports Selective removal of cesium ions from wastewater using copper hexacyanoferrate nanofilms in an electrochemical system Proton-exchange mechanism of specific Cs+ adsorption via lattice defect sites of Prussian blue filled with coordination and crystallization water molecules Large Cs adsorption capability of nanostructured Prussian Blue particles with high accessible surface areas Synthesis of prussian blue nanoparticles with a hollow interior by controlled chemical etching Highly crystallized nanometer-sized zeolite a with large Cs adsorption capability for the decontamination of water AMP-PAN column tests for the removal of 137Cs from actual and simulated INEEL high-activity wastes Fast concentration of dissolved forms of cesium radioisotopes from large seawater samples TRUEX and SREX flowsheet test to remove cesium surrogate actinide elements and strontium from INEEL tank waste using sorbent columns and centrifugal contactors Extraction of cesium in seawater off Japan using AMP-PAN resin and quantification via gamma spectroscopy and inductively coupled mass spectrometry Composite ion exchanger with ammonium molybdophosphate and 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that exploit cation-arene interactions Evaluation of calix-crown ionophores for selective removal of cesium from acidic nuclear waste solution Coordination polymer networks with s-block metal ions Process development for separation of cesium from acidic nuclear waste solution using 1,3-dioctyloxycalix[4]arene-crown-6+ isodecyl alcohol/n-dodecane solvent complexation and membrane transport studies of 1,3-alternate aalix[4]arene-crown-6 conformers: A new class of cesium selective ionophores Calix[4]pyrrole: A new ion-pair receptor as demonstrated by liquid-liquid extraction Cesium complexes of naphthalimide substituted carboxylate ligands: Unusual geometries and extensive cation-π interactions Mesoporous silica based novel conjugate adsorbent for efficient selenium(IV) detection and removal from water Evaluation of lanthanide sorption and their coordination mechanism by EXAFS measurement using novel hybrid adsorbent Sodium cobalt hexacyanoferrate encapsulated in alginate vesicle with CNT for both cesium and strontium removal Selective removal of 90Sr and 60Co from aqueous solution using N-aza-crown ether functional poly(NIPAM) hydrogels The effect of temperatures and γ-ray irradiation on silica-based calix[4] arene-R14 adsorbent modified with surfactants for the adsorption of cesium from nuclear waste solution Recent advances in supported liquid membrane technology Doubly crowned calix[4]arenas in the 1,3-alternate conformation as cesium selective carriers in supported liquid membranes The synthesis of novel polysiloxanes with pendant hand-basket type calix[6]crowns and their transporting properties for metal ions in a liquid membrane π-Electron-cesium interactions in cesium triorganofluorometalates Ordered mesoporous silica with large cage-like pores: Structural identification and pore connectivity design by controlling the synthesis temperature and time Density functional theory of adsorption in spherical cavities and pore size characterization of templated nanoporous silicas with cubic and three-dimensional hexagonal structures Ultimate selenium(IV) monitoring and removal from water using a new class of organic ligand based composite adsorbent strontium and cesium from radioactive laundry wastewater by ammonium molybdophosphate-polyacrylonitrile (AMP–PAN) Removal of cesium ions from aqueous solution by adsorption onto local Taiwan laterite Kinetic and equilibrium studies of cesium adsorption on ceiling tiles from aqueous solutions Adsorption of cesium on copper hexacyanoferrate–PAN composite ion exchanger from aqueous solution Desorption kinetics of radiocesium from subsurface sediments at Hanford Site Heavy metal ion adsorption behavior in nitrogen doped magnetic carbon nanoparticles: isotherms and kinetic study Cesium removal from high level liquid waste utilizing a macroporous silica-based Calix[4]arene-R14 adsorbent modified with surfactants Cesium and cobalt adsorption on synthetic nano manganese oxide: A two dimensional infra-red correlation spectroscopic investigation Evaluation of a new magnetic zeolite composite for removal of Cs+ and Sr2+ from aqueous solution: kinetic Efficient adsorbents of nanoporous aluminosilicate monoliths for organic dyes from aqueous solution A novel facial composite adsorbent for enhanced copper(II) detection and removal from wastewater Download references This work was supported by Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA)-National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) cooperative project The authors also wish to thank the anonymous reviewers for their helpful suggestions and enlightening comments Environment and Materials Dynamics Research Group was designed the hybrid adsorbent by conjugation of macrocyclic ligand and inorganic mesoporous silica were participated in scientific discussions The authors declare no competing financial interests Download citation Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: a shareable link is not currently available for this article Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry (2023) Environmental Science and Pollution Research (2021) Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry (2020) Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science Kagoshima Prefecture--An independent incumbent narrowly won re-election as mayor on Jan 31 on a campaign to block the central government’s plan to relocate a training site for U.S carrier-based aircraft to the island community alone will likely not affect the central government’s plan it could spread opposition against the project to the prefectural government level who heads the city’s chamber of commerce and industry and ran as an independent but was backed by the Liberal Democratic Party The main issue in the election was the project to set up a Self-Defense Forces facility on Mageshima island that will serve as a relocation site for U.S military landing practices from Iwoto island People in Nishinoomote “have too much to lose” if they accept the SDF facility and the relocated training site for field carrier landing practices Yaita celebrated the victory with his supporters at a community center on the evening of Jan and described the election as a referendum on the relocation plan “I will discuss with the central government to find a solution,” Yaita said Nishinoomote had 12,624 eligible voters as of Jan and 80.17 percent of them cast ballots in the election All six failed to win the required minimum number of votes argued that the city’s economy would be bolstered by hosting SDF members building a base and receiving grant money related to the training and the facility actively supported Fukui’s bid to become mayor but they fell short of Yaita’s grass-roots campaign supported by his former classmates “I will pursue to build a city whose economy does not rely on a base,” Yaita said has shown no signs of slowing down construction of the SDF facility The Defense Ministry will soon conduct an environmental impact assessment to check if noise caused by the construction and the flight training would affect the natural habitat The ministry has already started the bidding processes for designing an airfield and a port facility at the site as well as for construction of peripheral roads The city government has recognized that it “does not have the authority to stop the project.” Kagoshima Governor Koichi Shiota has yet to reveal his stance on the Mageshima plan But Shiota said at a January news conference before the mayoral election: “Mageshima will be a major election issue and a barometer of public opinion I will set the prefectural government’s stance based on the (election result).” EDITORIAL: Next prime minister needs to ditch Abe’s failed Okinawa policy Mayor with disc hernia caught out for setting up sauna in office EDITORIAL: Okinawa voters again show anti-base feelings in assembly poll Suga takes over tough diplomatic challenges left by his predecessor Taiwan’s former president who stepped down in 2008 is on medical parole after serving about six years in prison for corruption charges but his passion for keeping his country’s democracy and freedom is undiminished “Taiwan is facing a serious crisis due to intense diplomatic and military pressure from China,” Chen said when he sat down with The Sankei Shimbun in a social gathering organized in the city of Kaohsiung by senior members of the Taiwanese Residents’ Association in Japan on September 2 Judicial authorities prohibit Chen from engaging in any formal interviews with the media This was the first time in a decade that he spoke to a journalist The former president stressed that a referendum on Taiwan’s independence “should be implemented as soon as possible to cope with threats from Beijing and convey the wishes of the Taiwanese public to the world.” at the gathering in a condominium near the heart of Kaohsiung His declining health was apparent to everyone the moment the talk shifted to the topic of Taiwan’s future reminiscent of the energetic speeches he delivered when he was the president of Taiwan When he was released on medical parole in 2015 imposed various conditions for his release from the Taiwan Nationalist Party to the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) Even though they are members of the same Democratic Progressive Party Tsai has regarded Chen with hostility and failed to implement procedures for granting him amnesty Chen is highly popular in the central and southern regions and among the poor of Taiwan and Tsai is wary of his re-emergence on the political stage I asked Chen about his physical condition when we first met His answer matched his appearance: “I have aches and pains in many of my body parts caused by cranial nerve disease he lit up and began speaking with great passion: I am profoundly worried about the future of my homeland It is an extremely critical time for Taiwan the Communist Party of China should never be in control of Taiwan I am determined to devote the rest of my life to the protection of Taiwan for the cause of keeping Taiwan's democracy and freedoms intact The subject of China’s maneuvers to rob Taiwan of its diplomatic relationships with one country after another came up and he jumped at the chance to explain the risks to Taiwan Beijing has consistently sought to extinguish Taiwan’s presence in the international community It has become decidedly more aggressive in this pursuit since the onset of the Xi Jinping administration such as the deployment of an aircraft carrier and fighter jets around the periphery of Taiwan has been more vigorous The possibility of China invading Taiwan by force is clearly higher than it was in the past The conversation turned to the various ways Taiwan could cope with the menace presented by China It is an issue that elicits much discussion in Taiwan and Chen has support on the subject among his base We cannot fight threats from China with fighter planes and guns We have no option other than to use democratic methods We can let the international community know the Taiwan public’s will through a referendum We can inquire into the views of Taiwanese people by asking specific questions such as “Do you want Taiwan to be consolidated into China?” and “Do you want to participate in the Tokyo Olympic Games as Chinese Taipei instead of as Taiwan?” Chen is passionate about having the voice of Taiwanese people heard by the world: It is of key importance for us to do our best to clearly demonstrate Taiwan’s consensus through voting and to call for the international community’s understanding I actively promoted the referendum during the time I was president of Taiwan but encountered fierce resistance from the opposition party at that time the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) now in power has a majority in the Legislative Yuan (equivalent to parliament) and the conditions are now ripe for a referendum A Taiwanese a political coalition called the Formosa Alliance has been pushing for a referendum on Taiwan’s independence I think both the government and the Yuan (parliament) should take a more cooperative posture toward the initiative Voices have been on the rise among DPP supporters in favor of Chen’s return to the political arena Many have turned sour on the Tsai administration perceiving her government as having done little to deal with Xi Jinping’s increasingly high-handed stance toward Taiwan has been testing the waters gradually by such means as making public policy proposals via Internet blogs that are named after his favorite pet dog the Tsai government was left with no choice but to give a tacit nod to Chen’s activities the serious honor roll-type student who turned from academic to bureaucrat Chen devoted himself to the democracy movement from a young age and has no fear of a showdown with Beijing If Chen resumes political activities in earnest it is possible that relations between Beijing and Taiwan He practiced law in a commercial firm and then in 1980 participated as defense counsel for democratization movement activists After holding such positions as mayor of Taipei he was elected in 2000 as president of Taiwan from the Democratic Progressive Party accomplishing a peaceful transition of government from the the Nationalist Party (Kuomintang) that had been in power for half a century You must be logged in to post a comment and a “phantom waterfall” that only appears after it rains have made this area a much sought-after photo spot for Instagram users and tourists alike But the basin of the local Oshiraji no Taki waterfall is now also infamous for a recent fatal accident after two men died from jumping into waters just 2 meters deep The accident occurred despite signs banning entry to the area around the waterfall basin were visiting from neighboring Gunma Prefecture with two other friends and jumped into the waterfall basin on Aug and their friends reported it to local police Emergency responders discovered them in the waters and rushed them to a hospital But their deaths have puzzled many because the waterfall basin does not look particularly dangerous “This is not a place where people can normally be swept away and sucked under,” said Masanori Tachibana who conducted an onsite inspection on Sept He is a member of Kawa ni Manabu Taiken Katsudo Kyogikai a Tokyo nonprofit organization that runs workshops to train lifeguards for people playing in water through various safety programs He and others measured water temperatures in the basin and nearby areas They also re-created the accident to establish how the men drowned The waterfall did not have much water falling during their investigation the spring water that flows into the basin reached a low temperature of 9.8 degrees--lower than the waters entering the basin from the waterfall 18 was estimated to be about 10 degrees or so No water was flowing from the waterfall that day But it was a hot day in many parts of Japan with the temperature hitting 33 degrees in Shioya Tachibana suspects the low water temperature in the waterfall basin is behind their deaths He noted that cold water stays near the bottom of the basin due to an absence of water pouring in from the waterfall they were soaked in chilly waters near the bottom in an instant,” he said “It is likely that they lost their breaths due to contact with the chilly waters and they ended up inhaling water.” Tachibana also said it is possible that the men could not surface fast enough because their muscles stiffened from the cold water was compounded by the fact that the bottom of the waterfall basin was slippery with algae and there were few rocks nearby to grab on to Tachibana called for people to heed the utmost caution when playing in waters saying there are risks even when they look safe “When two people jump into waters together it is likely neither can make it to safety as one drowning person will cling onto the other in desperation,” he said The group of four from Gunma Prefecture apparently visited the waterfall basin after watching footage of people diving into the basin on YouTube The Yaita city government installed stairs on part of trails leading to the waterfall basin in 2017 officials put up signs around the waterfall area banning entry warning about a danger of falling rocks and that people could fall in and hurt themselves local authorities put up more warning signs and stepped up patrols around the area “We groomed the waterfall site as an area for viewing not for swimming,” said an official with the municipal government’s commerce and sightseeing section “We hope tourists will enjoy the venue while abiding by rules and manners.” who manages a facility that offers treks to the mountains near the waterfall said he was sorry the waterfall has become notorious because of the accident “I believe that the venue is not very dangerous,” he said How eels best a tall waterfall may offer a clue for their survival Drowning cited in 80% of deaths in downpour-hit Kumamoto Kagoshima Prefecture—The Defense Ministry announced that it will build a Self-Defense Forces base here that will be used for relocated U.S drawing a stunned reaction from the city mayor “The government decided to pick Mageshima island not as a candidate site but as the official site for construction of the SDF base,” a ministry official told Nishinoomote Mayor Shunsuke Yaita at the city government office on Jan The SDF facility on Mageshima island will be used as a new training site for U.S carrier-based aircraft that are currently using Iwoto island “We thought an (environment impact) assessment was being conducted to decide on whether to build (the base),” Yaita said A Defense Ministry official explained the rush behind the decision “It’s a race against time when it comes to national security,” the official said “We need to construct the SDF facility on the island as soon as possible to strengthen our country’s defense capabilities and the Japan-U.S the Cabinet of Prime Minister Fumio Kishida approved the government’s draft budget for fiscal 2022 with 318.3 billion yen ($2.78 billion) earmarked for the base construction During “two plus two” security talks between Japan and the United States on Jan Defense Minister Nobuo Kishi expressed the government’s resolve to quickly build the base Mageshima island had been a leading candidate site for the relocated U.S military landing practices since the two plus two security talks in 2011 Japan and the United States affirmed that the island would be the official site for a new base for the landing practices The Defense Ministry had repeatedly stressed the importance of winning the “understanding and cooperation of locals” for the plan But it has essentially ignored calls from Yaita to halt the project for an environmental assessment the ministry announced it would solicit bids for the construction of a cement plant on Mageshima island It also began building a road along the outer perimeter of the island this month saying the work is not targeted for the environmental assessment Residents in Nishinoomote in favor of the SDF base project feared they would miss out on the economic benefits if the opponents prevailed The central government will provide subsidies expected to reach 25 billion yen over a decade to municipalities affected by the realignment of U.S but it is unlikely to give the subsidies to those opposing the project The Defense Ministry presented a draft construction plan on Tanegashima island The plan showed SDF facilities would be built at Nakatane and Minamitane towns which both have effectively approved the relocation plan “It’s a blatant attempt to cut Nishinoomote out of the loop,” said a city assembly member in favor of the project The jurisdiction of Nishinoomote also covers part of Tanegashima island The ministry’s carrot-and-stick approach put Yaita in a difficult position A local chamber of commerce and industry source who supports the project said the city would be left with nothing but the burden of hosting the new base if it continues its futile efforts to oppose the plan Yaita did not strongly protest the ministry’s decision at his Jan The mayor expressed his discontent only to reporters saying the ministry “leaves local residents behind.” training site re-elected mayor in Kagoshima Kagoshima Prefecture--The Defense Ministry is apparently out of luck trying to convince a mayor to approve its plan to move a training site for U.S Nishinoomote Mayor Shunsuke Yaita had held off on revealing the city's stance pending discussions with the ministry though he had previously voiced opposition to accepting the base He cleared up any ambiguity over the city's position at an Oct “We do not approve of the plan," Yaita said The ministry has purchased most of the land needed for the training site on the island But it needs to acquire plots of the city government’s property to construct a base there The ministry is proceeding with the project to set up a Self-Defense Forces facility on Mageshima island in Nishinoomote to relocate the U.S military’s landing practice site from Iwoto island Yaita said the ministry failed to provide clear answers regarding the city’s inquiries about the impact of the deafening roar of the military aircraft during exercises the size of grants to be provided to the city for hosting the training site and other details “Unclear points have not been clarified,” the mayor said referring to a response the city received from the ministry in late September “We are concerned that the central government will proceed with the project slowly in stages to create a fait accompli.” He also said the ministry apparently believes that the city must endure the hardship from hosting the military facility domestic law cannot put an end to their presence.” The ministry also expects to conduct an offshore drilling survey to prepare for construction of a port on Mageshima When it seeks approval from the Kagoshima prefectural government to start the survey it will need a document where Nishinoomote makes clear its stance on the project Yaita intends to seek re-election in March's mayoral poll the head of the city’s chamber of commerce and industry who supports the central government's training site project has already announced his candidacy for mayor Young offenders trained to make wine to help them find work Kagoshima Prefecture--Governor Koichi Shiota is signaling his approval of the central government’s controversial plan to build a new Self-Defense Forces base on Mageshima island and relocate where the U.S Shiota publicly expressed his acceptance of the plan for Mageshima island which is part of the municipality of Nishinoomote “Partly because the security environment is deteriorating further I concluded that our prefecture has to give understanding to the government’s plan to build a Self-Defense Forces base on Mageshima island,” Shiota told the assembly who had staunchly opposed the plan during his election campaign last year has more recently softened his hard-line stance on the issue Sources say Yaita will soon publicly declare he supports it as well The Defense Ministry put together its draft environmental impact assessment of the plan on Nov which signaled to both levels of government that it will act in accordance with the governor’s requests--including one related to concerns about noise from the SDF base 25 and said they think the government’s response to their requests are “sincere.” The two men suggested they would announce their positions on the plan in the coming days and stressed that they are on the same page Accepting the plan would be a major reversal for Yaita who won re-election in January 2021 vowing to oppose any U.S The mayor has already stirred up the ire of locals A group of Nishinoomote residents opposed to the plan is accusing him of flip-flopping and is actively trying to get him recalled “I am responding to actual progress (of the plan) while always being conscious of my platform,” Yaita said at a Nov 29 meeting of the Nishinoomote city assembly He sought understanding from voters by saying that his priority is “to do my best to enable Nishinoomote’s residents to feel safe and secure and dispel their anxiety about (the plan).” Please view the main text area of the page by skipping the main menu. The page may not be displayed properly if the JavaScript is deactivated on your browser Looking at the world’s longest bridges reveals that the size and length of bridges in the world continue to grow as man’s ability and skill increase The Asian continent leads the way as the dominant player in the field of longest bridges Also Read: Longest bridges in the USA Now let’s discover which are the 5 longest bridges in the world The longest bridge in the world is the Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge between Shanghai and Nanjing across the Yangtze River delta all the way from Danyang to Kunshan The bridge is part of the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway which is a major transportation route connecting the two prominent Chinese cities Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge was opened officially in 2011 after a construction process which took 4 years a subsidiary of China Communications Construction Company designed and built the facility The Changhua–Kaohsiung Viaduct is the second longest bridge in the world Starting from Baguashan in Changhua County to Zuoying in Kaohsiung, the 157.32-kilometre bridge acts as a viaduct for the Taiwan High-Speed Rail network The viaduct has a total of four rail stations The construction of the Changhua–Kaohsiung Viaduct was completed back in 2004 It thus allows trains to stop safely during a seismic event The third longest bridge in the world is the Kita-Yaita Viaduct with a remarkable length of 114.42 kilometres The viaduct is part of the Tohoku Shinkansen line in Japan, connecting the bustling city of Tokyo with Aomori in Aomori Prefecture. It is operated and managed by East Japan Railway Company (JR East) The latter is a renowned transportation company responsible for the operation of numerous rail lines throughout the country The Kita-Yaita Viaduct was inaugurated back in June 1982 Tianjin Grand Bridge is 113.7 kilometers long running between Langfang and Qingxian part of the Beijing-Shanghai railway the bridge is the fourth longest in the world Construction of the bridge took place between 2006 and 2010 The elevated bridge consists of 32-meter-long box girders weighing 860 tons each The girders were made in two workplaces along the bridge brought to the installation site on the bridge section already installed and then placed on the piers by a special crane At number is 105.81 kilometres Cangde Grand Bridge The bridge, just like the Tianjin Grand Bridge, is a part of the Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Railway connecting the Bohai Economic Rim and the Yangtze River Delta It has a total of 3092 piers and similarly to the Changhua–Kaohsiung Viaduct Cangde Grand Bridge is designed to be earthquake resistant thus it allows cars to safely pass through during seismic events The construction of the bridge was completed in 2010 It’s a pain in the ass to look at Google and go back to the article again This answered many of my questions about bridges I’m doing a report on bridges and this was very helpful Welcome to Construction Review a portal that serves the building and construction industry through our blog social media presence and print publication Contact us Guest Posting Take down policy Yaita has a high level of seismic activity Based on data from the past 25 years and our earthquake archive back to 1900 there are about 3,100 quakes on average per year in or near Yaita Yaita has had at least 8 quakes above magnitude 6 since 1900 which suggests that larger earthquakes of this size occur infrequently probably on average approximately every 15 to 20 years The quake had a shallow depth of 50 km (31 mi) and was too small to be felt by people Yaita has had 26 small quakes up to magnitude 1.8 1 ContributorHunhu Hwakashata Lyrics[Verse 1]Wajaira kugaronetsana nevamwe kuzvijaidza mabasa ehunhu hwakashataZvichibva muhunhu hwako hwakasandamaraKwaimbova nevaisiita hunhu hwakadaro[Verse 2]Hwekuzvirova dundundu vachizvitutumadza kana uine mangoromera achakuuraisa iweEnda kunoitwa tsiva unorwira mariPane kuti uite tsika dzichakuvengesa[Verse 3]Hunhu hwacho hwakafumuka sekuzhe kwemushaDai uri mumwe zvako wasiyana nazvoWatora gwara reupenyu hwakanakaUsiye zvichazokupa matambudziko iwe[Chorus]Mukoma wangu we chirikukudaroSahwira wangu we chii chawave kuita vava voga nevanaYou might also like[Verse 4]Vanoita zvakaipa kune vamwe ngavatsiurwe vagodzidziswa mune nzira dzakanakaVanoita zvakaipa kune vamwe ngavatsiurwe vagodzidziswa mune nzira dzakanakaMusazovatsiura zvebongozozo asi murunyararo moto haudzimwe nemotoMusazovatsiura zvebongozozo asi murunyararo moto haudzimwe nemotoVana baba ngatiziveiwo kuti mukugarisana kwepasi kugara kunzwanana[Outro]Kuwirirana chinodiwa kuwirirana (Kuwirirana)Kunzwanana chinodiwa kunzwanana (Kunzwanana)Kuwirirana chinodiwa kuwirirana (Kunzwanana)Mhere yenyokaKurira kwedzvotiKuti kwiiiyooYatsikwa chipuduHe he hee ee eehEmbedCancelHow to Format Lyrics: To learn more, check out our transcription guide or visit our transcribers forum This song bio is unreviewedGenius Annotation1 contributor“Hunhu Hwakashata” is a powerful reflection of Macheso’s deep understanding of societal values and the dangers of moral decay reminding people of their responsibilities within families and society The use of family references makes the message personal and relatable and the growing trend of abandoning the elderly The theme of peaceful correction is profound—emphasizing dialogue and understanding rather than violence ShareQ&AFind answers to frequently asked questions about the song and explore its deeper meaning