(WPBN/WGTU) -- If you've ever lived in a small town
you know sometimes it's hard to disappear
 Everyone seems to know everyone else's business
Robert Richard Lepsy was a grocery store manager for Glen's Market in Grayling
and according to local author Ross Richardson a very likeable person
"He just fell off the face of the earth
He went to work just like any other day and he went out for lunch
and that's the last anybody heard from him or has seen him."
Lepsy's car was found at Cherry Capitol Airport in Traverse City
and half a pack of cigarettes were left on the dash
"The Grayling police department teamed up with the Michigan State Police and they went to the airport where his car was discovered and interviewed people and saw somebody fitting his description had left with a final destination of Mexico
There was some cash missing a small amount of cash from Glen's Market"
a little cash missing from the safe at Glen's Market
and a lot of unanswered questions for his wife and 4 kids back in Grayling were all that was left behind from Lepsy's life
47 years later and the family has a headstone at the cemetery with an empty grave for Robert Richard Lepsy but still no answers
He says it would be nice to find a solution and make sure that Lepsy wasn't the victim of foul play
Richardson may have come across a shocking possibility of Richard Lepsy's fate
demanded 200 thousand dollars in cash and 4 parachutes and ordered the plane to fly to Mexico
the man strapped on the parachutes and jumped out of the plane never to be seen or heard from again
Richardson researched the Cooper case and points out "I started researching this I found that D.B
Cooper and Robert Richard Lepsy are the same height
The FBI believes the skyjacker was from the midwest because of a lack of accent."
Witnesses on the plane provided a description of Cooper and Richardson points out that he sees a resemblance
Richardson is quick to question the possibility that Michigan's most famous missing person may be connected with one of America's most famous unsolved crimes
He could be he is the best suspect of them right now
and really fits the profile the FBI has provided."
Richardson is also quick to point out there is no proof that Lepsy was Cooper but he says there is no proof with any suspect in the Cooper Case and considering it as possibility may someday lead to answers
Cooper sleuths out there but also for a family much closer to home
.st1{fill-rule:evenodd;clip-rule:evenodd;fill:#2a2a2a}By <a class="byline__authorLink" href="https://www.mlive.com/staff/gellison/posts.html" title="Garret Ellison at gellison@mlive.com">Garret Ellison | gellison@mlive.com</a>GRAYLING
MI -- Was a mild-mannered grocery store clerk from Northern Michigan last seen in 1969
the same man who hijacked a Seattle-bound airliner in 1971 and parachuted into American legend
Ross Richardson, a <a href="http://www.mlive.com/news/grand-rapids/index.ssf/2014/11/skillagalee_shipwrecks_richard.html">shipwreck diver</a> and author from Lake Ann, has experienced a <a href="http://tinyurl.com/pzuebob">minor flurry</a> of media attention to his theory on the mysterious origins of the infamous hijacker D.B
who jumped from the ramp of a Boeing 727 with $200,000 in extorted cash on Nov
1971 and was never caught or heard from again
Richardson&#x27;s theory? That Cooper might have actually been a married father of four named <a href="http://www.michiganmysteries.com/lepsy/4581551701">Robert Richard Lepsy</a> of Grayling
whose car was found parked at the airport in Traverse City three days after leaving work on Oct
Dick Lepsy bears a strong physical resemblance in photos to the FBI composite sketch of D.B
Cooper and the hijacker was described as wearing clothing and shoes similar to what Lepsy favored
That and the fact that neither man has surfaced in more than 40 years
&quot;I&#x27;m not saying this is the guy,&quot; said Richardson
who compared the Lepsy and Cooper cases in his 2014 book &quot;Still Missing: Rethinking the D.B
Cooper Case and other Mysterious Unsolved Disappearances.&quot; But
he does think it&#x27;s a connection worth investigating further
&quot;Lepsy is the best Cooper suspect out there right now.&quot;
Richardson published the book last summer and has been giving promotional talks at libraries and other events in the meantime
His theory hasn&#x27;t publicly excited the FBI
which hasn&#x27;t made any statements about the credibility or pursued an analysis of DNA samples submitted by Lepsy&#x27;s daughter
The Cooper case is considered an open but inactive investigation
acknowledges the resemblance but isn&#x27;t convinced there&#x27;s a connection
Family members believe Lepsy might have had some kind of mid-life crisis
&quot;The vibe I get from most family members is they don&#x27;t believe there&#x27;s a Cooper connection,&quot; he said
&quot;They think he was murdered or met with foul play.&quot;
Ross Richardson with the shipwreck Francisco Morazan near South Manitou Island
The &quot;Cooper sleuths&quot; aren&#x27;t terribly welcoming of his theory
the disparate network of armchair investigators and case buffs has been &quot;pretty negative toward this story,&quot; he said
That&#x27;s not a surprise or much of a concern to Richardson
who hopes to generate a lead in the Lepsy disappearance by tying it to the Cooper case
He&#x27;s also hopeful one of the stewardesses who were the primary witnesses to the hijacking will see the Lepsy photos and make a comment of some sort
He said the notoriety of the case has resulted in enough harassment by &quot;Cooper groupies&quot; already
&quot;I don&#x27;t want to be another kook knocking on their door,&quot; he said
Oregon and elsewhere hasn&#x27;t turned up any new leads on either the Lepsy or Cooper end of things
&quot;Nothing has shaken loose yet,&quot; he said
&quot;A lot of people are talking but no new information has surfaced.&quot;
Garret Ellison covers business, environment &amp; the Great Lakes for MLive/The Grand Rapids Press. Email him at <a href="mailto:gellison@mlive.com">gellison@mlive.com</a> or follow on <a href="http://twitter.com/garretellison">Twitter</a> &amp; <a href="http://instagram.com/garretellison">Instagram</a>
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Side note: I apologize for the delay in posting this
I was hit harder by jetlag than I thought I would be
Ever since I watched my first PPV back in 1992 (SummerSlam from London’s Wembley Stadium) I have always dreamt of attending a PPV myself one day; after last year’s Wrestlemania with its amazing main event and my spirit animal’s win of the World Heavyweight Championship I decided that 2016 would be the year I would finally realize my dream
last week Tuesday I boarded a plane to take me to Dallas for a weekend of wrestling insanity
This here is my report about my adventures in Dallas and Arlington
I’ll also provide links to the photo galleries for each day
As I said, I flew in to Dallas on Tuesday already, thus giving me two days to adjust to everything and also to go to <a target="_blank" href="http://little---hobbit.livejournal.com/675765.html" rel="nofollow ugc">Fort Worth Zoo</a> – if you hang out in the Daily you know that I absolutely looooove zoos
Kevin Owens was nowhere to be seen within the zoo; maybe he’d gone to the one in Dallas
which would have made it all a bit difficult for the stuff happening in Dallas itself if it hadn’t been for the wonderful treybeez who came up from Houston and readily played driver and guide for me
with three or four previous shows that he’s attended
having him around was reassuring and just awesome
 I don’t know if I had dared to go on all these adventures had I not known he’d come
<a target="_blank" href="http://www.imagebam.com/gallery/vkg9bddbiu7uadbkfvuixn7s06zaohxk" rel="nofollow ugc">Click here for photos taken on day 1</a>
Because we had scored tickets for Takeover later in the evening
Trey and I decided to attend the Friday session of Axxess
with the traffic in this town as crazy as it is
We went into the Convention Center and found Rob Schamberger behind his stand working on some awesome painting
 I approached him and talked to him a bit and explained that he had met my amazingly talented artist friend in Chicago last year
She is my friend too!"  Then he told his wife that Beezy and I were friends of TaS
After our little chat with Rob Schamberger we went into the superstore and looked around a bit
 I was glad to see that they had ladies’ t-shirts
but disappointed because the selection they had for us women was barely a third of what they had on offer for men
 So in the end the only thing I ended up buying was one of those transparent bags so I could carry my camera and wallet and stuff around with me inside Axxess
there was Sheamus sitting and signing autographs for fans
 He seemed so relaxed and happy to be there
 The funniest moment was when a guy came up with a big John Cena doll
"I’m not signing that!"  The guy tried to sneak the doll into the photo with Sheamus
stood up and tossed it into a box with discarded clothes hangers
 Little did he know (and we) that the guy’s daughter was the true owner of that doll
and she had stood behind the barrier right in front of Sheamus’ desk and watched it all
 The kid was totally distraught and started crying
gave her the doll back and even posed for a photo with her and the doll
Then he went back to his desk and jokingly threatened the guy for not having warned him about his daughter
When we came out of the store again we met up with Cagesider BryanDanielson’sBeard
who wore his awesome CSS World Heavyweight Championship belt
and we had the most amazing time catching up
We went to a small pizza place nearby and had some late lunch and just chatted and joked and just had a grand time together
Then it was time to go our separate ways for the day – BDB was going to attend Evolve 58
and Beezy and I queued up to get into Axxess
but once inside Axxess they did all spread out a bit more so it wasn’t quite as bad even though it was still pretty chaotic
When we were inside Axxess the first thing we saw was a photo op with Tyler Breeze
something that Trey had hoped for anyway because of this ridiculous rumour that he is
he is not – he’s far too good looking for that!)
now he could finally get his photo proof that he really wasn’t
so we made a beeline for the photo op and joined the queue
in the section next to Tyler’s Paul Heyman came out to raucous applause for an autograph session
and from the other side of the convention area you could hear music as various NXT talent had show matches over there
While we were waiting for our turn with Tyler
Also as we were waiting Tyler repeatedly left the small stage to deal with people with VIP passes
but also with various mentally disabled kids
He was so amazing and wonderful with these kids
it was incredibly humbling and touching to watch
That man has won a million brownie points in my book by now
When it was finally our turn to have our photographs taken with the Prince of Cuteville
had my photo taken and then quickly explained the situation with the running gag about Trey being Tyler
 He laughed and when Trey came up to him he said
I can see why they would confuse us." It was so awesome to see him play along with the joke
my photo with Tyler somehow got lost so I can't share it with you
We then continued to look around what was happening elsewhere
There was Fandango posing with kids on a ladder with the MITB briefcase
there were the Ascension having their photo taken with fans inside the Elimination chamber structure
We headed over to the show ring where some former Tough Enough contestant (I believe Patrick or something) took on some arrogant Fabio lookalike (the Fabio double won) and found ourselves some seats for a short rest – and we chose the perfect time because… "MY NAME IS ENZO AMORE…" Enzo and Cass and Carmella came out and the crowd went wild
and then again when their opponents were revealed as the Vaudevillains
I went wild anyway when they came out because I really like English &amp; Gotch
<a target="_blank" href="http://www.imagebam.com/image/6a3ec4476615308" rel="nofollow ugc"></a> <a target="_blank" href="http://www.imagebam.com/image/431027476615621" rel="nofollow ugc"></a>
the ‘Villains were wearing creepy/cool masks for their entrance and then they had a sweet little match of about 15 mins
It had all the cool spots of course that you’d expect
with Enzo playing face-in-distress but then Cass came in on the hot tag and soon after the match was over and ‘Zo and Cass were victorious
and then they did their round around the ring (Trey and I managed to get a high-five from Cass)
I went to queue with some more autograph sessions
Zack Ryder and Darren Young who all were awesome and so relaxed and happy to be there
Elsewhere there was a photo op with Eden and Jilian
and autograph sessions with Nattie and Eva Marie
as well as another photo op with Adam Rose and Curtis Axel
As the queues for both autograph sessions that I had chosen moved at an agonizingly slow pace I didn’t have any more time to go to any other photo op or autograph line; instead Trey and myself then headed over to the arena in which Takeover was to take place
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When we arrived there the "dark match" – Apollo Crews vs Elias Samson – was already underway which personally I was a quite saddened about because
But we came in time for his finishing sequence and I got to cheer his victory
We found our seats which unfortunately weren’t next to one another but after the first match I realized that the section in between the ones we had our seats in was going to stay empty
so we both moved into that section from which we had just as good a view of the in-ring action
We didn’t see anything on the Titantron though as that was directly beneath us
nor did we see what was happening on the stage
but as we were able to see that on the Network later
Being at Takeover in the arena was just so awesome
Even in our section which wasn’t filled all the way the mood was fantastic and we had great fun with the others around us
The crowd popped huge for Jordan &amp; Gable
and they booed Dash &amp; Dawson right back into the dressing room
During the bout they kept chanting at "Which one’s Dawson
which one’s Dash?" which I found hilarious
an entertaining bout with fun spots and the crowd firmly behind Jordan &amp; Gable
 I am not sure how well it translated on TV
but the crowd went absolutely nuts for the new champions
the fans were so overjoyed with Jordan &amp; Gable’s win
and it was so amazing to see them with the titles
I am proud to report I played my part in that going wild for that
and it wasn’t quite as boring as I usually find Corbin matches
Still wasn’t an overly exciting match for me
I blame that on the fact that they had to follow an amazing match
when you’re high up in the arena you cannot hear any of his in-ring banter so maybe that was missing for me
Having said that it was still a fun bout and the crowd was mostly entertained by it
<a target="_blank" href="http://www.imagebam.com/image/d63895476615996" rel="nofollow ugc"></a>
regarded as match of the night: Sami Zayn vs
Both athletes received a hero’s welcome that gave me goosebumps
Hearing the whole crowd sing along to Sami’s theme was insane already
The guy right in front of us wore one of those shiny new red t-shirts they had been selling at the superstore over at Axxess
so he was marking out hard for the King of Strongstyle
and both Beezy and myself marked pretty hard
The crowd was divided right down the middle for this bout
half of them rooting for Sami and the other half rooting for Nakamura
and I don’t blame either side for their sentiments
Trey told me at one point that he got New Japan vibes off that match
Now I have only watched a tiny bit of New Japan here and there so I cannot really confirm but it definitely had a different feel to it than your average NXT bout
It was an electrifying atmosphere in the arena
and the crowd didn’t stop chanting throughout the match
After the match Sami stood in the ring all alone
and it felt like he was saying farewell to the crowd and they to him as they did their "Ole!" chants
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After the intensity of the match we had just witnessed I found myself wondering who could possibly follow that up and keep the crowd hot for the rest of the night
The crowd chanted "Asuka’s gonna kill you!" and "Bayley’s gonna hug you!"
emotional story and the crowd was so very clearly torn over the fact that Bayley had been murdered and Asuka was the new women’s champion
It was the perfect match to follow Zayn vs
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And then it was already time for the final match of the night: Samoa Joe vs
and his attitude could be felt all the way up to our seats
I regretted our seats a bit because we didn’t see any of the chainsaw stuff but just heard it
It was still cool seeing him crawl to the ring as the Demon Finn
There isn’t much I can tell you about the match that you don’t already know
The crowd hated that the ref and also the medics broke up the flow of the match trying to still Joe’s bleeding and chanted "Fuck PG" and other stuff
I’m not sure how much of that could be heard on TV as I haven’t come around to watching all of Takeover yet
 Joe was equally annoyed and just wanted to get on with the match
on the other hand he was bleeding pretty badly so I guess it makes sense that they wanted to take care of that wound first
Despite these interruptions the match felt insanely intense and had me at the edge of my seat in a way similar to Nakamura/Zayn and Bayley/Asuka before them
the other was disappointed for Joe to miss out again
I don’t mind yet another match between these two
They have great in-ring chemistry so another round will make for another awesome match
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And that concluded Day One of our Wrestlemania weekend
if I had seen the whole Apollo Crews match
<a target="_blank" href="http://www.imagebam.com/gallery/l3pu294a7mr0s0fy9t1wfwvjn8r2jsq5" rel="nofollow ugc">Click here for my photos of day 2</a>
Saturday was our busiest day of the weekend
But before I get on with my recount: It was worth it
We headed out early because Evolve was to start at noon and
We still made it to the venue with enough time to spare so that we were able to go to the back where the performers were hanging out and selling their merchandise
We chatted a bit with my close personal friend Will Ospreay
I wanted to get his Fly Ospreay Fly t-shirt but he wasn’t having that in my size anymore which was a bit of a pity
"Haven’t we met?" you could clearly tell that he remembered me but couldn’t quite place me
He was once again awesome to chat to and joked a bit with Trey who even bought his t-shirt
treybeez is now a member of the Marty Scurll Chickenwing Mark-Out Club
Marty won me over the first time I met him a little over a year ago
who was – you guessed it – also lovely to talk to and just a sweetheart
 And then I caught sight of Tommy End whom I hadn’t expected to be here but who totally was and who I was really happy to see because just two weeks prior he’d torn the house down against Will Ospreay at GWP’s 10th Anniversary show
He beamed at me when I approached and said right away
We also chitchatted a bit with Sami Callihan and Ricochet and then we saw "Blue Pants" Leva Bates and had a short chat with her
She and Trey discussed cosplay and Leva was really excited about the cosplay she’d be doing later during the SHIMMER show
I believe there is a summary of the matches and results of Evolve 59 somewhere on the site
but I also heard that the stream had been really bad
I’ll try my best to summarize the matches but I don’t know all the names of these guys
The first match was for the Evolve tag titles
Johnny Gargano and Drew Galloway against some other guys whom I didn’t know
The match was cool and all but it was clearly a set-up for Galloway’s heel turn and attack on Gargano because they lost due to Gargano catching Galloway instead of their opponent with a suicide dive
and he drew quite a lot of heat from the audience for it
Then Ethan Page came out to help Gargano and stop Galloway but Galloway just ripped into him and then left
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The next match on the card was Chris Hero vs
 Beezy informed me that Hero used to be Cesaro’s tag partner back in the indies
and I was positively surprised at how agile and athletic he was and what he was able to do
lots of chants for Hero but also quite a bit of love for Yehi
Then it was Sami Callihan’s turn to fight another guy I didn’t know who had two ladies in tow
Beezy told me was SoCal Val and she was too lazy to walk or something because the other lady would carry her a lot
but with so many crazy impressions that had already crashed down on me
and with even more impressions yet to follow I can’t really remember much
and that SoCal Val threw a kind of tantrum and berated her guy for having lost before she let the other lady carry her to the back
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Then the guy who had helped Gargano earlier
The crowd heckled him like crazy and chanted "Where were you?" which riled him greatly and was a lot of fun
and while it was a fun match it wasn’t necessarily memorable
The first match in that series was Tommy End vs
Tommy End won in the end to get the first point for the European team which made me very happy
how the hell does Zack know so many holds and armbar versions?
Once again this was fast paced and exciting to watch
The third match in the series was Marty Scurll vs
and doing other things like working his opponent’s fingers and what not
Trey enjoyed Marty’s villainous ways a lot and even though that meant that Europe was back in the lead 2-1 he cheered when Marty won with his crossface chickenwing
Needless to say I rooted for the Europeans throughout this series
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The final match of the series was the highly anticipated Will Ospreay vs Ricochet
and it was every last bit as good as it sounds on paper
These two have a great chemistry and did so much awesome and crazy flippy shit
The crowd was on their feet and cheering and marking out so hard it was just so good
In the end Ricochet won with some crazy ass manoeuvre
Marty Scurll and Tommy End and Zack suggested to have a tie-breaker match between the four Europeans and four Americans right now
among them Chris Hero and chaos broke out as everyone brawled and Ricochet cleared the ring
and then some guy Trey told me was Kota Ibushi came into the ring and the crowd marked even harder
He shook hands with Ricochet and also offered a handshake to Ospreay but Will turned it down and just left the ring to a chorus of boos
Then Ricochet took the mic and talked about how great it felt to be in Dallas and more importantly back in Evolve and he thanked us all for our attendance and then the show was over
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We went back to the merch stands and there once again met BDB
who is the sweetest and most wonderful person ever
We caught up for a while which was so great because we’ve been talking so much in the Daily before and now we finally got to meet in person
As BDB had tickets for the next Axxess session and Taneeya and her hubby had other obligations as well
Trey and I also left the bar to wait outside for the doors to open again for SHIMMER
<a target="_blank" href="http://www.imagebam.com/image/f5cde1476620556" rel="nofollow ugc"></a>p&gt;
but for SHIMMER our seats were even front row which was pretty sweet
Only downside was that one of the two camera guys was constantly in front of us but we still had a great view of the ring
The match to start off the show was Cheerleader Melissa vs
Leva Bates who came out dressed up as a Kingdom of Hearts character
but I can’t really tell you because where we sat we didn’t hear much of what she was saying
The crowd wasn’t too much into that little monologue and chanted
with Melissa being a dastardly heel and Leva being brave and daring in her attempt to overcome
but in the end she fell short and Melissa had booked her place in round 2
an awesome and fun match that was pretty intense
Both got some nice offense in and in the end Candice won and Cherry threw a wonderful hissy fit for which she got booed and laughed at
As I had never seen anything of SHIMMER before she was a complete blank page for me
These two ladies went at it from bell to bell and provided us with some really great action
Savoy came across as really tough and almost vicious in the way she attacked LuFisto
and she looked impressive and deservedly won
After that it was time for Kimber Lee to take on Jessicka Havok
and the first thing I thought when Jessicka came out
was that TaS might like her due to her size
and if it hadn’t been for her interference
she might have been all but murdered by Havok
and Kimber Lee scored a surprise roll-up victory
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I liked the more tomboyish appearance of Heidi
she immediately caught my attention and won me almost as quickly
Veda Scott was a worthy opponent in this really great bout that was my favourite of the card so far
What followed was a match between Nicole Matthews and Mary Dobson
Now the latter I had recently seen in NXT and had thought of her as maybe Kane’s daughter or something like that
and her mannerisms here didn’t do anything to dispel this impression
but the action continued immediately with the first match round two
between Cheerleader Melissa and Candice LeRae
entered the ring and immediately flying through the ropes to attack Melissa who was standing outside the ring and insulting fans in the front row or something
Melissa retaliated by grabbing Candice and swinging her into the barricade over and over
Imagine that spot in a WWE women’s match – unthinkable!
Melissa had control of the match and made Candice pay for her early bravery
 Luckily though Candice was able to fight back and hit her with a few suplexes that had Beezy wonder how to call them
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Kimber Lee came out next with Cherry Bomb in tow
It was obvious that they had some shenanigans planned but the ref wasn’t having any of it and simply sent Cherry to the back so Kimber had to face Nicole on her own
Needless to say she wasn’t too successful and had to succumb
The final match of the second round was Nicole Matthews against Heidi Lovelace
Beezy couldn’t quite contain himself and called out
"Heidi Lovelace is my new favourite now!" She heard it and smiled and blew him a kiss which I can exclusively inform you he was truly very happy about
The match was intense and thrilling and every last bit as great as Vidence makes it sound
 The crowd was firmly behind Heidi who impressed once again and
Then it was time for an intermission to give the three finalists some time to rest and recuperate
and they interviewed some former MMA lady who will soon be making her in-ring debut for SHIMMER
I admit I didn’t pay much attention to what was said and just wanted the action to continue
The final bout of the show was the triple threat elimination match between Heidi Lovelace
and all three ladies got to showcase their talent again
Candice was the first to get eliminated and then Heidi and Nicole went at it with all that they got
with various near falls that had the crowd on their feet
and then Savoy made Heidi tap out to win the title
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there wasn’t a single bad match on the card
and I was amazed by how many amazing maneuvers these ladies did
and just entertained the crowd so very much
but they need to up their game even more yet because this definitely set a standard for me
My favourites of the tournament were of course the two final finalists
Heidi Lovelace and Nicole Savoy who showed so much awesome stuff and were a delight to watch
After the show we went to the back once again and chatted a little bit with some of the ladies
Beezy bonded with Cherry Bomb over Oreos because she had had a pack of red velvet Oreos on her table
and he also went to Heidi and had his photo taken with her
All the ladies we talked to were really sweet and easy to talk to
We then left the place and headed over to the Hyatt Regency hotel where WrestleCon was taking place
Due to the aforementioned bad traffic it took us a while and so it was already 8 pm when we finally got in line to get in
The queue was insanely long as it went through the hotel’s foyer
into a side room where it took three or four turns and then out of the side room and down the long corridor again and then into the room in which the ring had been set up
We came inside just in time for Pentagon Jr vs
Sami Callihan which I was happy about because I knew that this was the match that Trey had most been looking forward to
 It was exactly what you’d expect from that sort of match
Pentagon won after he sacrificed Callihan’s arm
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And then came the match that I had most looked forward to
personally: Marty Scurll vs Will Ospreay for the Progress World Title
There were plenty of Brits in the audience who chanted for Progress and these two guys
but the Americans in the audience were mostly puzzled
so we told the people around us that they were in for a treat
doing other sneaky villainous things and working over Will’s fingers
The two of them tore the house down and excited everyone in the audience
I think it is safe to say that both these guys won many new fans with their match
 In the end Marty Scurll won the match to retain because obviously
it wouldn’t have made any sense to give him the title
We also saw a six-men Lucha Underground show match
with Drago one of the competitors but I don’t remember the names of the others
but as I said it was just too many impressions and too many things to take in to remember it all
forgive me if the details have been lost by now
<a target="_blank" href="http://www.imagebam.com/image/24fd6a476620419" rel="nofollow ugc"></a>
it was time for a ten-men tag team match between Team Jeff Jarrett and Team Joey Ryan
JJ came out first and did a really boring and stupid promo introducing his teammates and… I don’t really remember much about what he said
Then came Joey Ryan and he referred to the bad quality of Jarrett’s promo and then went on to introduce his team mates
and he did a much better job at it than Jarret had done
At least whenever Jeff Jarret didn’t have the mic
Eventually Dreamer grabbed the mic and told him to stop doing his shitty promos and start fighting or he would let every last person in the audience buttf*** him
so their parents better not be outraged because they must have known that this would happen
there were some in the audience who were a bit like
The match had all the spots you’d hope for: Joey with his Pornplex (or whatever it’s called)
On that note we decided to call it a night and head back to the hotel as it already had been a loooong day
<a target="_blank" href="http://www.imagebam.com/gallery/qldj0zk9c614dkats2mwq4gj8ojqdrn4" rel="nofollow ugc">Click here for my photos of day 3</a>
After a lazy morning we called a taxi to head over to the stadium
When I had arrived at the hotel they had told me that there would be a shuttle service
but they had failed to mention that A) it would not be for free and B) you needed to book the shuttle service in advance
we couldn’t use the shuttle service so instead had to rely on a cab
The stadium was only around 4 miles from the hotel
but the road didn’t have sidewalks so that was out of the question
and driving there ourselves… we figured that parking fees would be insanely high
The lady who picked us up also took three more people along and charged $10.00 per person
we had to walk for a good 20 mins to the parking lot by the Sheraton to find a taxi and were charged $20.00
At least these drivers didn’t have the audacity to demand a tip
While these fantasy charges were outrageous and annoying
I must admit that I can understand the cabbies that they did that: The roads to the stadium had been closed up for all cars
thus effectively denying the taxis their business
along the main roads stood rikshas and golf carts waiting to take people wherever they needed to go
Many people just didn’t bother to walk long and just took these instead
And so the cabbies were cheated out of even more business
The driver who took us back to the hotel ranted the whole drive about this injustice
we arrived at the stadium and I was awed by the sheer size of it
We headed in the direction of the store and joined the crowd there in waiting for the doors to open
people would come up to the windows and take snapshots or even selfies with the crowd
We made our way into the stadium and headed to the store and then began our ascend to the section our seats were in
We were pretty much in the topmost section
and everything looked so steep which made my slight fear of heights kick in
and also of those gigantic HD screens above the ring on which the matches were displayed
Also the stage was perfectly in our sight so even though it was so high up our seats couldn’t have been any better
Right in front of us sat a boy of maybe 10 years of age with whom we would later joke around
and next to us sat a couple of Brits who were rather cool to talk to
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Finally music hit and Lilian Garcia came out
followed by Eden Styles and the two introduced the pre-show announce team of Mauro Ranallo
There was a third announce desk that stayed unmanned for the moment
and I wondered if maybe the Germans would be there again
also led to me speculating if maybe tonight would be the day that the German announce desk finally breaks because in all those years that I’ve been watching it never has broken when the Germans were ringside
Shortly after was the first match of the day
with the US title bout between Kalisto and the ryback
and the crowd was firmly on Kalisto’s side and happy when he won
While the preshow panel did their stuff on TV
the screens above the ring went blank again (well
and then it was time for the second match of the preshow
but compared to the women’s match we’d see later it wasn’t really good
It was your typical multi-person tag team clusterfuck
got the biggest reaction out of all the ladies as she was booed ever so much
Brie also got a nice reaction from the crowd right by the ring
but further up in the stands no one really cared
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Not long after that match Lita came to the ring
We guessed immediately that she was about to reveal the new women’s belt
Everyone in the arena seemed to have the same sentiments because the audience cheered and applauded
Is it possible to fall in love with a championship belt
The stadium kept filling up and then the Boo-sos came out to take on the Dudleys in a table match
I wasn’t that into it as I don’t really care for either of these two teams
as the buzz around the arena seemed to increase
Then Maggle Cole came out to replace Mauro Ranallo at the announce desk
I watched him get to his place through my camera (yay for 60x optical zoom!) and realized that the desk that had remained empty during the pre-show was now indeed occupied by Carsten Schaefer and Sebastian Hackl
"THAT TABLE’S GOTTA BREAK TONIGHT!"  What can I say
it’s become an obsession of mine to see that happen
Then Lilian Garcia welcomed Fifth Harmony to the stage and they did
a really beautiful rendition of America The Beautiful to open the show
As this was my first really big event in the US and such moments aren’t common in Germany
and then I gave a big start because the opening fireworks went off which
I absolutely loved Stardust’s tribute to his dad with the polka dots on his pants and also the polka-dot ladder
Another highlight for me was KO and Sami trying to murder one another
that feud can last forever and it will never be not entertaining
<a target="_blank" href="http://www.imagebam.com/image/b15659476621503" rel="nofollow ugc"></a>
The finish with Zack Ryder winning had the whole stadium popping like mad
At least in our section no one stayed in their seat
everyone was jumping up and cheering and woo-woo-woo-ing and just happy for Zack and his Wrestlemania moment
Chris Jericho was of course the second match on the card
and while Jericho did get a bit of a pop AJ’s was much bigger
The match was awesome except of course for the finish which was stupid – why do you let the old guy go over?
We booed with everything that we got to make our sentiments known
people on the stage were set up the huge box of Booty-Os
so of course we knew which match was to come next
and the little kid in front of us tried to mimic Big E’s (and Beezy’s) hip rotation which was hilarious to watch
and the crowd seemed really into it with lots of "New Day Rocks" chants and all
but again the finish left us crassly disappointed because the whole arena had wanted for New Day to go over
Then Barrett grabbed the mic and put over LON as the greatest team there ever is and that there are no three men in the world who could take them on… and then Shawn Michael’s music hit
and then the crowd cheered even more when Mick Foley came out
and then Stone Cold Steve Austin came out and HOW DOES THE STADIUM STILL HAVE A ROOF?
that was THE biggest pop of the night by a million miles
The crowd just went nuts when his music hit and they cheered and cheered and cheered and it was just insane
And I marked and cheered with everyone else and had goosebumps because this was such a surreal moment for me
All these three legends OOZE charisma in a way that no active wrestler in the WWE does anymore
who is currently the most charismatic athlete on the main roster
they conveyed everything they wanted to convey just with their mimics and gestures
With the help of New Day they took care of LON and killed the poor Lads
and then New Day slowly approached the legends and began their dancing
and then HBK started twerking and Foley rolled his hips in best Big E style and even Stone Cold danced a little before he suddenly attacked Woods and hit him with a stunner
and I couldn’t help but wonder how much Xavier Woods was marking out on the inside about having been Stunned by SCSA
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The next match on the card was the biggest letdown for me
I mean it was fun to see Ambrose eat suplex after suplex
and it was fun to see him fight back and all
It left me wondering why they had bothered with that match at all
After that the HOF Class of 2016 was brought out and they got a nice big round of applause
I was kind of happy about this moment because it meant that while he’s never seen him wrestle live
at least Trey got to see his all-time hero Sting live at Wrestlemania
What followed could have been my match of the night
So you finally discard the term "Divas" for your women and introduce a new and fantastic looking championship belt for the women
 You make Charlotte win thanks to… her father
personally I thought that all three women were great in this match and that Charlotte isn’t really an undeserved winner – well
Had they somehow made her win without Ric’s help
I might not be quite as disgruntled and would have voted for this to be MOTN easily but as it was
All three women did well and provided for a fun bout
and there weren’t many people at all who used that match for their potty break
 I think in our section only one or two left
Then it was time for me to get goosebumps again
Seeing the HIAC structure lowered over the ring
seeing Shane O’Mac come out with his kids and hearing the pop he got had me amazed already but then: GONG!!!
Foley and SCSA earlier had felt surreal already
it was absolutely nothing compared to what watching Undertaker come out and make is way to the ring felt like
I was breathless and my heart was beating so fast
I was going to watch an Undertaker match live
 I didn’t mind that it took Taker about ten years to get to the ring
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Shane is crazy to take on this legend in a HIAC match
and he’s even crazier for the stuff that he pulls off
His Coast to Coast earned him a gigantic pop
and hardly anyone in the arena could believe it when Taker kicked out after that
a huge groan of disbelief ran through the crowd after that
Then Shane got out some cutters to open up one side of the cage – namely the one facing the German announce desk
and I finally livened up again: "The table’s gonna break
isn’t it?" And then Taker drove Shane through the cell and the cell wall landed hard on the German desk
I am obsessed with that German desk breaking one day
and then Shane got out a tool box and knocked out Taker with it and somehow Taker ended up on – of course – the Spanish announce table
And then Shane looked up at the roof of the cage
Maybe he’ll jump just off the cage side?" I asked Beezy anxiously and then watched
as Shane climbed and climbed and climbed… all the way to the top
You know that feeling when you can’t bear to watch but can’t pull your eyes away
 I didn’t want to see Shane jump off the cage
but at the same time what was happening was waaaay too fascinating to look away
You could feel the crowd hold their collective breath
HOLY SHIT THIS IS INSANE HE DID IT THE CRAZY MOTHERFREDERICK DID IT
100,000 people screamed as Shane launched himself off the cage and slammed through the table that Taker had only juuust rolled off of
I clasped my hand over my mouth and stared anxiously at the big screen where they showed a ref rushing up to Shane to check if he was alright
and then let out my breath in relief when I saw him move and squeeze the ref’s hand
 And then Shane moved properly and pulled himself up and signaled for Taker to bring it
They admired Shane for his bravery and they loved that match
and Shane once again signaled Taker to bring it
and Taker gave him a rueful smile and patted his cheek
I have SO much more respect for these two men that night
I have always loved Taker and I have always admired Shane for his bravery
especially considering that he’s not really a wrestler
I wanted to drop to my knees and do the "We’re not worthy" gesture
and I wondered why the hell they had not let this match go last
What an ending to the show it would have been
especially with Shane giving the crowd the thumbs up while being stretchered out
and you could already feel the crowd preparing for what we all knew now to go last
I recognized most of the entrants from the distance except one
so I used my camera to zoom in and saw that it was Baron Corbin
Beezy reminded me that every year they have some NXT people in the ATGMBR
Then they let various people come out separately
And then Shaquille O’Neil came out which felt quite random
Shaq immediately stepped up to Big Show and the two had a stare down
They chokeslammed Kane and then quickly eliminated first Fandango and then Damien Sandow before they got taken out by the rest of the entrants
<a target="_blank" href="http://www.imagebam.com/image/bb60ac476623367" rel="nofollow ugc"></a>
Fandango and Damien Sandow felt like nothing more than an afterthought
Tatanka and DDP had short moments to shine but somehow even that fell short
The only really good thing about this match was Corbin winning which
and him posing with the trophy was cool to watch
Maybe it was intensity because the match before had been so intense
He got a big pop although not quite as big as SCSA’s
and he soaked it all up before he made it to the ring
He talked a lot but somehow I felt myself zoning out a bit
Rock is charismatic as hell and all but somehow what he had to say just didn’t quite grasp my attention
Except the WrestleMania attendance record for which I marked
but still it felt awesome to be part of a record-breaking crowd
Then the lights went out and the Wyatt Family sans Luke Harper came out and to the ring and Wyatt confronted Rocky
also with Cena coming out and him and Rock killing the Wyatts felt like the ultimate burial
How can they possibly come back after having been destroyed by Rock and Cena
The only thing left now was Roman Reigns vs Triple H
There was some sort of angry buzzing in the crowd as they prepared to make their feelings about Roman Reigns
main eventer and eventual World Heavyweight Champion
 But first it was Triple H to come out and he was introduced by his wife Stephanie sitting on a throne in Mad Max style and doing a killer promo
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And then Roman’s music hit and the boos were almost as loud as the pops for New Day
 At this point we realized we were sitting in a Roman Reigns fan section
but even though the people around us did their best to cheer for their man
they could not drown out the chorus of boos that rang around the arena
<a target="_blank" href="http://www.imagebam.com/image/9aba8c476623773" rel="nofollow ugc"></a>
if you ignore the fact that heel Hunter was cheered for everything he did and face Roman was booed out of the building for every of his actions
personally I didn’t think it was a bad match at all
It felt methodical and had a nice intensity to it
when you’re in the stadium you cannot ignore the boos for Roman and cheers for Trips
you cannot ignore the stakes and the consequences
Roman could do nothing without being booed
and Trips could do nothing to get the crowd to boo him
It was both amusing and saddening at the same time
and I kept wondering as to how the hell they had not seen that coming
Again and again the crowd chanted "Roman sucks!" and other stuff
not once did you hear (from the majority of the crowd
and I did feel rather sorry for the performer behind the Roman Reigns character
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And that concluded my wrestling adventures
I hadn’t been able to get a ticket for Raw
but as Trey had to go back to Houston on Monday
that wasn’t too bad a thing because I would have needed a cab to get into Dallas and back again
So instead of watching it live at the arena
I watched it in the comfort of my hotel room while packing and having some home-cooked meal
I must have told Beezy a million times during the weekend: This trip to Dallas has been the best vacation I have ever been on
Absolutely everything about it was perfect
my day at the zoo… there was nothing that was even only remotely disappointing
and even though I hadn’t planned on it prior to my trip to Dallas
I am now determined on going to Orlando next year
<a href="#commentDiv" aria-label="View article comments" title="View article comments" class="dist__Box-sc-1fnzlkn-0 edNRfi"></a>The National Missing and Unidentified Persons System (NamUs) is tracking 619 missing person cases in Michigan that date all the way back to 1958
more than 600,000 people go missing in the United States every year
Many missing children and adults are quickly found
but tens of thousands remain missing for more than one year
We’re taking a look at some of the oldest missing persons cold cases reported in Michigan
Below is a look at 12 people who were reported missing between Sept
she had left her husband in February and was hospitalized due to rheumatic fever and ulcers
Her children were placed into state custody
She was scheduled to get her children in mid-September
but the airplane tickets they had purchased were never used
Anyone with information should contact Ann Arbor police at 734-794-6920
Police said Adele was walking to <a href="https://www.clickondetroit.com/topic/Jefferson_Elementary_School/" target="_blank">Jefferson Elementary School</a> after staying home that morning with a slight cold
She stopped at her grandmother’s house first
to show her how her mother had nicely done up her hair that day for school
She left her grandmother’s home and was never seen again
She was last seen wearing a grey cotton coat
a bluish dress with small animal figures along the lower hemline and red knee-length socks
Anyone with information should contact the Flint Police Department at 810-237-6800
Juliette Delania Walker was last seen on June 1
Police said she was known to leave for a day or two
Anyone with information should contact the Oakland County Sheriff’s Office at 248-858-4951
Patricia Louise Zentner was last seen on Aug
She disappeared along with her mother, <a href="https://www.namus.gov/MissingPersons/Case#/9908/details?nav" target="_blank">Mildred Patricia Zentner</a>
Police believe foul play was involved in their disappearance
Anyone with information should contact the Garden City Police Department at 734-793-1700
She was last seen by her 8-year-old son and 6-year-old daughter when she visited them in school
She told her son she was going away for a while
Investigators said there is no record of Mary since the mid-1960s and there has been no activity on her social security number
Anyone with information should contact Michigan State Police at 989-352-8444
He saw his family the day after Christmas and was never seen again after that
He has a tattoo on his upper left arm that says “Johnny Boy” with a black panther
He has a dagger tattoo on his other arm and possibly a spider
Brown’s family believes he died in 1973 in a scuba diving incident
He is still listed as a missing person in the national database
Anyone with information should contact Michigan State Police at 517-322-1907
He reportedly lived in a shack in the woods as a hermit
The postmaster at the time said Pinger had not picked up his social security checks in about two months
He was known to wear “six-inch work shoes” and had a pocket watch
Anyone with information should call Michigan State Police at 906-229-5372
Judith Ann Ruggirello was last seen on Aug
she told her husband that she was divorcing him and she had put a deposit on an apartment
Her husband threatened her and the next day he arranged for their children to go to his brother’s home at 11 a.m
Her car was found at 7 Mile Road and Wyoming Avenue in Detroit
Anyone with information should contact the Southfield Police Department at 248-796-5500
He left his place of employment mid-afternoon for lunch and was never seen again
His car was found abandoned in a parking lot in Traverse City three days later
keys were in the ignition and cigarettes were on the dashboard
He has a scar on his scalp and his two front teeth are crooked
He was last seen wearing a pumpkin-colored crew neck sweatshirt
London Fog beige raincoat and black loafers
Anyone with information should contact the Grayling City Police at 989-348-4621
Hobley had a 3/4-length white fur coat with brown fur trim
white cotton knee socks and a brown and white plaid skirt
She had chunky-style shoes with a thick heel
She has a scar on the left side of her mouth and a scar across the bridge of her nose
Hobley and Patricia Spencer (below) went missing on the day of the homecoming football game
but it is believed that they might have skipped school together that afternoon
They have not been seen or heard from since
Anyone with information should contact the Oscoda Township Police Department at 989-739-9113
She wore glasses but did not have them with her when she went missing
She was wearing a tweed or brown plaid skirt
She was wearing brown shoes with a thick heel
Spencer and Hobley went missing on the day of the homecoming football game
More: <a href="https://www.clickondetroit.com/topic/Michigan_Cold_Cases/" target="_blank">Michigan cold case coverage</a>
Copyright 2022 by WDIV ClickOnDetroit - All rights reserved.
Kayla is a Web Producer for ClickOnDetroit. Before she joined the team in 2018 she worked at WILX in Lansing as a digital producer.
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Patients with CTEPH were invited to complete the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Data were compared to prevalence data from the German population. Mental well-being was assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and quality of life was measured using the WHO Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL). Furthermore, lifestyle factors and physical health parameters were studied.
Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate a possible impact of child maltreatment on markers of disease severity.
We found a higher rate of child maltreatment in patients with CTEPH in comparison to the German population. Correlations suggest moderate associations between CTQ scores and mental health and QoL. Child maltreatment had no significant impact on disease severity. Further investigation on proper interventions to support affected patients is needed.
Volume 13 - 2022 | <a class="ArticleLayoutHeader__info__doi" href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.821468">https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.821468</a>
This article is part of the Research TopicPsychocardiology: Exploring the Brain-Heart Interface<a class="Link Link--linkType Link--maincolor Link--medium Link--icon Link--chevronRight Link--right" aria-label="View all 27 articles" href="https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/17488/psychocardiology-exploring-the-brain-heart-interface/magazine" target="_self" data-event="customLink-linkType-a_viewAll27Articles">View all 27 articles</a>
Introduction: Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a potentially life-threatening condition associated with high morbidity and mortality
surgical and interventional treatment have markedly improved the outcome of patients with CTEPH
Additional factors potentially influencing quality of life (QoL) and outcome in CTEPH are yet to be defined
Child maltreatment is a major risk factor for unfavorable behavioral
mental as well as physical health outcomes and has been associated with decreased QoL
no study assessed the impact of childhood trauma in patients with CTEPH
Methods: Patients with CTEPH were invited to complete the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ)
Data were compared to prevalence data from the German population
Mental well-being was assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and quality of life was measured using the WHO Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL)
lifestyle factors and physical health parameters were studied
Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate a possible impact of child maltreatment on markers of disease severity
Results: One-hundred and seven patients with CTEPH completed the CTQ
These patients reported higher rates of emotional abuse and physical abuse and emotional neglect compared to the German population while rates of physical neglect and sexual abuse did not differ between patients and German population with prevalence of 20.6% for emotional abuse
and 6% for sexual abuse in patients with CTEPH
Higher CTQ scores were associated with anxiety symptoms as well as negatively associated with QoL
No direct impact of childhood trauma on CTEPH severity was found
Conclusion: We found a higher rate of child maltreatment in patients with CTEPH in comparison to the German population
Correlations suggest moderate associations between CTQ scores and mental health and QoL
Child maltreatment had no significant impact on disease severity
Further investigation on proper interventions to support affected patients is needed
this is the first study assessing child maltreatment in patients with CTEPH and the association of its intensity with measures of CTEPH severity
we assessed the prevalence of child maltreatment using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and compared it with the prevalence of the general German population
The results presented here are part of a larger examining psychosocial factors in patients with CTEPH
We here focused on adverse childhood experiences and its impact on mental well-being and healthy lifestyle
we utilized a threshold score of 10 for emotional abuse
of 9 for physical neglect and of 8 for sexual abuse
and body mass index) as well as lifestyle factors (alcohol consumption
and smoking) and socio-demographic information (education
Exercise was defined on a scale from 1 (no sport exercise at all) to 6 (sport exercise more than three times a week)
Alcohol consumption was measured in drinks per week
lung function tests including WHO functional class (WHO-FC)
serum levels of the N-terminal fragment of pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)
6-min walk distance (6MWD) and the diffusion capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) were used for the clinical assessments
These parameters were assessed at the time of the study while the hemodynamic parameters were assessed at time of the diagnosis
Associations between general child maltreatment (total CTQ score)
the child maltreatment subtypes (CTQ sub scores)
and the aforementioned lifestyle factors were analyzed performing partial correlation adjusted for age and gender
The relationship between child maltreatment (total CTQ score) and physical functioning of CTEPH patients (WHO-Functioning class) was assessed through logistic regression analysis
Mildly symptomatic patients (WHO-FC I/II) and patients with more severe symptoms (WHO-FC III/IV) were compared
P &#x0003C; 0.05 were considered statistically significant
The final sample of this study consisted of 107 patients with mean age of 65 &#x000B1; 14 years (range, 31&#x02013;86). There was no significant sex difference between participants who experienced child maltreatment and who did not. None of the participants had current symptoms or a diagnosis of a post-traumatic stress disorder. Most patients (56%) were classified as WHO FC I/II and only 3% as WHO FC IV. For further characteristics (see <a href="#T1">Table 1</a>)
Characteristics of the patients at baseline
Prevalence of child maltreatment and its subtypes of CTEPH in comparison to data from the general German population
The total CTQ-score was correlated with anxiety symptoms of patients with CTEPH
It was negatively correlated with overall QoL and physical QoL
Emotional abuse was negatively correlated with overall QoL
Emotional neglect correlated with anxiety symptoms and showed negative correlation with physical QoL
Physical abuse was not correlated with any aspects. Physical neglect correlated with anxiety symptoms and was negatively correlated with physical QoL. Sexual abuse was negatively correlated with overall QoL as well as physical QoL (see <a href="#T3">Table 3</a>)
Partial correlation (Spearman&#x00027;s r) of CTQ-Scores in CTEPH with HADS
Using a logistic regression model to evaluate the association between child maltreatment and the severity of CTEPH at the time of the study
we defined WHO FC as depended variable with WHO FC I and II being considered asymptomatic and WHO FC III and IV being considered symptomatic
CTQ total score was defined as the independent variable
The model was statistically not significant [p = 0.650]
the CTQ total score was not associated with the severity of CTEPH defined by WHO FC class
Overall childhood maltreatment had a negative impact on general and physical QoL and was positively associated with anxiety symptoms
the subtypes emotional neglect and physical neglect were positively associated with anxiety symptoms as well
Emotional abuse and sexual abuse had a negative impact on overall QoL
and sexual abuse had a negative impact on physical QoL
A relationship between child maltreatment and the degree of physical impairment could not be identified
As CTEPH is a potentially life-threatening disease and debilitating symptoms as dyspnea are present
the increased anxiety sensitivity might be considered as a reason for the associations found in this study
The absence of the association with common health risk factors and depressive symptoms in this study might be explainable by enough protective factors within the participants to cope in a functional way with the experienced trauma instead of engaging in maladaptive behavior as smoking
Further investigation on the effect of childhood maltreatment and resilience simultaneously might help to further elucidate the mechanism between resilience on the one hand and maladaptation on the other hand
more than half of the participants who reported child maltreatment in this study
and less than one third had experienced three or more subtypes
Further studies with a larger sample might be needed to further investigate on the relationship between child maltreatment and severity of CTEPH
Further studies on the mediating effect of epigenetic alterations due to child maltreatment associating it with CTEPH patients may be needed to clarify the exact relationship
One contributor to the low response rate may have been the higher age of our patient population compared to other studies
the motivation to participate might have been limited as many of the patients were no longer followed at their PH center (especially those who had undergone successful PEA surgery)
the questionnaires had been sent out without personal advance notice from their PH physicians
more than half of our patients with CTEPH had experienced at least one type of child maltreatment
A history of child maltreatment had a negative impact on QoL and was associated with anxiety symptoms
In order to improve the treatment of patients with CTEPH
the presence of experienced childhood maltreatment should be considered
Further studies are needed to assess tools that may help patients to cope better with the consequences of CTEPH
The raw data supporting the conclusions of this article will be made available by the authors
The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by Ethics Committee
University Medical Center Gie&#x000DF;en und Marburg
The patients/participants provided their written informed consent to participate in this study
and M-RD were responsible for study design
NL and M-RD were responsible for conducting the interviews
and H-DK were responsible for study design
All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version
This work was funded by the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)
MH has received honoraria for lectures and/or consultations from Acceleron
D-HP has received honoraria for lectures and/or consultationsf rom Janssen
HGa has received personal fees from Actelion
KK has received honoraria forconsultations and/or lectures from Eli Lilly
KO has received honoraria for lectures and/or consultations from Acceleron
H-DK was employed by Pulmonale Hypertonie eV
The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations
Any product that may be evaluated in this article
or claim that may be made by its manufacturer
is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher
We wish to thank all patients who participated in this project
we wish to thank the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) for their cooperation as well as &#x02018;Pulmonale Hypertonie e.V&#x00027; for their support
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Keywords: chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
Olsson KM and Kahl KG (2022) Childhood Maltreatment
and Healthy Lifestyle in Patients With Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
Received: 24 November 2021; Accepted: 31 January 2022; Published: 24 February 2022
Copyright &#x000A9; 2022 Lepsy, Dering, Fuge, Meltendorf, Hoeper, Heitland, Kamp, Park, Richter, Gall, Ghofrani, Ellermeier, Kulla, Olsson and Kahl. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY)</a>
distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted
provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited
in accordance with accepted academic practice
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&#x0002A;Correspondence: Kai G. Kahl, <a id="encmail">a2FobC5rYWlAbWgtaGFubm92ZXIuZGU=</a>
&#x02020;These authors have contributed equally to this work
&#x02021;These authors share last authorship
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.st1{fill-rule:evenodd;clip-rule:evenodd;fill:#2a2a2a}By <a class="byline__authorLink" href="https://www.oregonlive.com/staff/thallman/posts.html" title="Tom Hallman Jr. at The Oregonian/OregonLive">Tom Hallman Jr. | The Oregonian/OregonLive</a>A Michigan author has either solved one of America&#x27;s greatest mysteries
or stumbled upon a brilliant marketing plan guaranteed to boost his book sales
a sheriff&#x27;s deputy who also volunteers as a librarian
the airline hijacker who has never been identified
could be a Michigan grocery store manager who vanished in 1969
That was two years before Cooper made a name for himself by pulling off the Northwest hijacking
the most infamous crime in aviation history
It&#x27;s <a href="http://www.michiganmysteries.com/">one of four unsolved cases featured in Richardson&#x27;s latest book,</a> &quot;Still Missing: Rethinking the D.B
Cooper Case and other Mysterious Unsolved Disappearances.&quot;
it&#x27;s the Cooper case that has attracted the most attention
a Michigan television station doing an anniversary story on the 1971 hijacking referred to Richardson&#x27;s book
but that led to a flurry of stories on TV stations
newspapers and websites across the country
The facts of the case have never been in dispute: On Thanksgiving weekend in 1971
a man who identified himself as Dan Cooper boarded a plane traveling from Portland to Seattle
He parachuted somewhere near the Oregon-Washington border with the ransom money
a grocery store manager and the married father of four from Grayling
He also noted that a black tie and tie clasp left on the plane by Cooper were the same as ones worn by grocery store employees
He also said FBI agents said Cooper wore loafers
and those were Lepsy&#x27;s favorite style of shoes
<a href="http://www.freep.com/story/life/2015/11/24/dick-lepsy-ross-richardson-lisa-db-cooper-grayling-michigan-fbi/75886946/">In a weekend story featured on WZZM,</a> a Grand Rapids
Richardson said Lepsy &quot;mysteriously disappeared from Grayling and
hasn&#x27;t been seen or heard from since.&quot;
around lunchtime and told her he was going to go for a ride,&quot; Richardson said
detailing the last known facts about Lepsy
Dick Lepsy&#x27;s car was found in the parking lot at Traverse City&#x27;s Cherry Capital Airport with the doors unlocked; a half-pack of cigarettes were sitting on the dash
&quot;Both the Grayling Police Department and the Michigan State Police worked together on the Lepsy case
and that this was not a missing persons case
so not a large effort was made to find Lepsy.&quot;
In 2011, a couple paragraphs in an anniversary story by The Telegraph of London newspaper <a href="http://www.oregonlive.com/pacific-northwest-news/index.ssf/2011/08/fbi_investigating_whether_dead_man_might_be_db_cooper.html">reignited a similar furor</a>
Photos from that time can be seen in the photo gallery above
By the way, <a href="http://www.michiganmysteries.com/#/book-store/4555754672">a signed copy of &quot;Still Missing&quot; is only $14.99 plus $2.99 shipping.</a>
Use of and/or registration on any portion of this site constitutes acceptance of our <a href="https://www.oregonlive.com/user-agreement/">User Agreement</a>, (updated 8/1/2024) and acknowledgement of our <a href="https://www.oregonlive.com/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a>,  and <a href="https://www.oregonlive.com/privacy-policy/#rights_top">Your Privacy Choices and Rights</a>  (updated 1/1/2025)
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\n        m_gallery = \"d_b_cooper_case_has_new_lead\";\n        m_gallery_id = \"9852663\";\n        m_gallery_title = \"D
Cooper Case has New Lead\";\n        m_gallery_blog_id = \"4450\";\n        m_gallery_creation_date = \"Monday
 5:42 PM\";\n        m_gallery_permalink = \"http://photos.oregonlive.com/4450/gallery/d_b_cooper_case_has_new_lead/index.html\";\n        m_gallery_json = \"https://blog.oregonlive.com/photogallery/4450/9852663.json\";\n        m_gallery_pagetype = \"embed\";\n        m_gallery_type = \"photo\";\n    <\/script>\n
"I want to tell you that your fact sheet on the [Missile Technology Control Regime] is very well done and useful for me when I have to speak on MTCR issues."
soldiers evacuated all but a few farmers from a village in the Kazakh steppe without explaining the move
the farmers left behind were surprised by a huge explosion and went outside to observe the spectacle better
This is the way a survivor described in the book Atomic Steppe how the inhabitants of Karaul, located around 95 kilometers from the former Semipalatinsk test site in Kazakhstan, experienced the day of the first Soviet thermonuclear test.<a href="#endnote01">1</a> The volume is a testament to the fact that the global history of atomic testing is one of ignorance and deception
with innocent civilians deprived of full knowledge about the dangerous aftereffects of the nuclear testing that they unwittingly experienced
In Kazakhstan, around seven years into nuclear testing, Soviet authorities kept secret information on the health effects of consuming contaminated food and water rather than share it with civilian health institutions that could have used the data to help affected individuals.<a href="#endnote02">2</a> Similarly, populations exposed to U.S. nuclear testing in the Marshall Islands were not given access to their own medical records for many years.<a href="#endnote03">3</a>
From the farmers in Kazakhstan to indigenous communities in Nevada to the islanders of the Indo-Pacific region
and countless acres were contaminated by fallout from more than 2,000 nuclear tests conducted by the Soviet Union
and other nuclear-weapon states since 1945
It is a dark legacy of injustice for which the nuclear-weapon states still have not fully atoned
The Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW)
has made achieving epistemic justice for nuclear testing-affected populations—the remedying of unfair treatment in knowledge-related practices
such as deprivation of access to historical and scientific data—one of its major tenets
the effect will remain limited because no nuclear-weapon state will join the treaty soon or engage in related deliberations
the epistemic justice issue should be moved to a broader arena
An expert-level global conference on the legacy of nuclear testing would be a good start
The TPNW evolved from a series of conferences that dealt with the humanitarian consequences of nuclear weapons, in Oslo in 2013; Nayarit, Mexico, in 2014; and Vienna in 2014.<a href="#endnote04">4</a> The first meeting of states-parties
which presented its recommendations to the second TPNW meeting
The format encourages states-parties to provide specific data based on the same criteria so that the data can be processed and analyzed systematically
Reporting questions also address epistemic standards related to measuring the effects of nuclear tests
such as the methodology of assessment and criteria used to define victimhood
The format therefore confronts two major barriers to effective victim assistance and environmental remediation: the scarcity of systematic data and the absence of universal standards for defining victimhood
but none of them will become parties to the TPNW in the near future and provide a report according to the new standard format
Kazakhstan and Kiribati are aware of this problem
In their report as working group co-chairs
they noted that one of the major problems in assessing the impact of nuclear testing is the lack of access to relevant information that “may not be held by affected states-parties.” They included a section in the new reporting format that asks states-parties to report about “efforts to engage and exchange information with states not party that have used or tested nuclear weapons regarding their assistance to affected parties.”
Most recently, last October, the co-chairs co-sponsored the UN General Assembly resolution on the legacy of nuclear weapons,<a href="#endnote09">9</a> which asked the secretary-general to report on the views and proposals of states regarding efforts and ongoing needs related to victim assistance and environmental remediation
the same questions that the TPNW reporting format aims to answer
Many states-parties at the TPNW meeting in November referred to the October resolution as a mechanism for “universalizing” the TPNW’s assistance and cooperation requirements
the fact that all nuclear-weapon states voted against or abstained from the vote on the resolution reflects their reluctance to engage in multilateral forums that address the consequences of nuclear testing
that nuclear-weapon states have not taken national action to deal with the consequences of nuclear testing
Most nuclear-weapon states have some form of commemoration or compensation instrument for victims of nuclear testing
even though their depth and scope vary widely from covering only veterans
Eligibility for compensation may be determined by a number of factors
including an estimated minimum radiation dose to which an individual was exposed as a result of testing
Switzerland, an observer state for the TPNW meeting, has encouraged the states-parties to frame the issues of victim assistance and environmental remediation in such a way that broad support for the treaty, including among nuclear-weapon states, becomes more possible.<a href="#endnote23">23</a> The fact that France
and the United States have a considerable record of data declassification shows that
they might be amenable to engage on the matter
their votes against the UN resolution on the legacy of nuclear weapons may reflect a reluctance to incur some form of universal accountability
If TPNW states want nuclear-weapon states to support the victim assistance and environmental remediation agenda, the TPNW framework or even the NPT might not be viable for the time being. Instead, an international conference on the legacy of nuclear testing with a technical expert-level focus might be a better mechanism to strike the balance between securing the nuclear-weapon states’ commitment and yielding benefits for testing-affected states.<a href="#endnote24">24</a>
one pathway could be adoption of a UN resolution on convening a conference for sharing knowledge about the consequences of nuclear testing
this resolution should not include naming-and-shaming aspects
It could be co-sponsored by potential bridge-builders in the areas of victim assistance and environmental remediation
as well as allies of nuclear-weapon states that suffered from testing
The conference should enable experts to provide affected states with a better picture of which data and data processing methodology are needed to improve their national remediation programs
That could be done by sharing best practices and modeling techniques of the nuclear-weapon states on addressing a lack of data and on archival research on harvesting existing data
It could serve as an initial brokering point for launching formal and informal partnerships among technical experts
including those from nuclear-weapon states and from states that were affected by testing
Nuclear-weapon states also could be encouraged to make widely available or share bilaterally with affected states such data as nuclear test site locations, test dates, and isotope composition, including formerly classified data.<a href="#endnote25">25</a> By developing synergies
the conference could be a starting point for a global data-based effort to deal with the humanitarian and environmental legacies of nuclear testing
Almost 75 years after the first nuclear test in Kazakhstan, villagers around the former Semipalatinsk test site are still physically and economically endangered by how little they know about the contamination of their lands. Because toxic acreage is not demarcated from uncontaminated land, the villagers may face health risks by unknowingly accessing contaminated land or may leave safe farming land idle out of fear of contamination.<a href="#endnote26">26</a>
To address this challenge, the Kazakh government plans to establish the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Safety Zone, which will demarcate officially and enclose the contaminated land.<a href="#endnote27">27</a> Improved technical and expert cooperation brokered through a conference on the legacy of nuclear testing could help Kazakhstan gain the support required for the effective implementation of its rehabilitation and remediation efforts in the Semipalatinsk region
This would be a step forward in the struggle for long-overdue epistemic justice for victims of nuclear testing and offer a constructive example of the solutions available to other affected countries and populations to atone for this deadly inheritance
Atomic Steppe: How Kazakhstan Gave Up the Bomb (Stanford: Stanford University Press
<a id="endnote04" name="endnote04"></a>4. For detailed information about the three conferences, see Reaching Critical Will, “Humanitarian Impact of Nuclear Weapons,” n.d., <a href="https://reachingcriticalwill.org/disarmament-fora/hinw">https://reachingcriticalwill.org/disarmament-fora/hinw</a> (accessed January 3
<a id="endnote05" name="endnote05"></a>5. International Human Rights Clinic, Harvard Law School, “Reporting Guidelines for Articles 6 and 7 of the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons: Precedent and Recommendations,” May 2023, <a href="https://humanrightsclinic.law.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/TPNW-reporting-report-5-15-23-FINAL.pdf">https://humanrightsclinic.law.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/TPNW-reporting-report-5-15-23-FINAL.pdf</a>
<a id="endnote06" name="endnote06"></a>6. See Nuclear Truth Project, “Challenging Nuclear Secrecy: A Discussion of Ethics, Hierarchies and Barriers to Access in Nuclear Archives,” July 2023, <a href="https://nucleartruthproject.org/wp-content/uploads/Challenging-Nuclear-Secrecy-report-NTP-31-July-2023-low-res.pdf">https://nucleartruthproject.org/wp-content/uploads/Challenging-Nuclear-Secrecy-report-NTP-31-July-2023-low-res.pdf</a>
2020 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
“Draft Final Document,” NPT/CONF.2020/CRP.1/Rev.2
See Preparatory Committee for the 2026 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
“Addressing the Past Use and Testing of Nuclear Weapons: Working Paper Submitted by Kazakhstan and Kiribati,” NPT/CONF.2026/PC.I/WP.27
“Addressing the Legacy of Nuclear Weapons: Providing Victim Assistance and Environmental Remediation to Member States Affected by the Use or Testing of Nuclear Weapons,” A/C.1/78/L.52
<a id="endnote10" name="endnote10"></a>10. Susanne Riegraf, Statement of Germany to the second meeting of states-parties to the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW), n.d., pp. 3-4, <a href="https://reachingcriticalwill.org/images/documents/Disarmament-fora/nuclear-weapon-ban/2msp/statements/29Nov_Germany.pdf">https://reachingcriticalwill.org/images/documents/Disarmament-fora/nuclear-weapon-ban/2msp/statements/29Nov_Germany.pdf</a> (meeting held November 27-December 1
<a id="endnote11" name="endnote11"></a>11. Tor Henrik Andersen, Statement of Norway to the second meeting of TPNW states-parties, n.d., p. 3, <a href="https://reachingcriticalwill.org/images/documents/Disarmament-fora/nuclear-weapon-ban/2msp/statements/29Nov_Norway.pdf">https://reachingcriticalwill.org/images/documents/Disarmament-fora/nuclear-weapon-ban/2msp/statements/29Nov_Norway.pdf </a>(meeting held November 27-December 1
“Radiation Exposures and Compensation of Victims of French Atmospheric Nuclear Tests in Polynesia,” Science &amp; Global Security
<a id="endnote14" name="endnote14"></a>14. Peter Suciu, “China’s Nuclear Tests Might Have Killed Hundreds of Thousands,” The National Interest, April 30, 2021, <a href="https://nationalinterest.org/blog/reboot/china’s-nuclear-tests-might-have-killed-hundreds-thousands-184134">https://nationalinterest.org/blog/reboot/china’s-nuclear-tests-might-have-killed-hundreds-thousands-184134</a>
<a id="endnote16" name="endnote16"></a>16. See “Атомный проект СССР: документы и материалы” [USSR atomic project: Documents and materials], History of Rosatom, n.d., <a href="https://elib.biblioatom.ru/soviet-atomic-program/">https://elib.biblioatom.ru/soviet-atomic-program/</a> (accessed January 3
<a id="endnote19" name="endnote19"></a>19. See U.S. Department of Energy, “Openness Information Resources,” n.d., <a href="https://www.osti.gov/opennet/press">https://www.osti.gov/opennet/press</a> (accessed January 3
<a id="endnote20" name="endnote20"></a>20. Patrick Kaiku, “Nuclear Justice for the Marshall Islands in the Age of Geopolitical Rivalry in the Pacific,” Asia-Pacific Leadership Network for Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament, August 2023, p. 13, <a href="https://cms.apln.network/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Patrick-Kaiku_August-2023.pdf">https://cms.apln.network/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Patrick-Kaiku_August-2023.pdf</a>
<a id="endnote22" name="endnote22"></a>22. The Public Interest Declassification Board, “Declassification of Records Relating to Nuclear Weapons Testing and Cleanup Activities in the Marshall Islands: Feasibility Study,” August 2022, <a href="https://www.archives.gov/files/pidb/recommendations/marshall-islands-feasibility-study-2022-.pdf">https://www.archives.gov/files/pidb/recommendations/marshall-islands-feasibility-study-2022-.pdf</a>
<a id="endnote23" name="endnote23"></a>23. Statement of Switzerland to the second meeting of TPNW states-parties, November 30, 2023, p. 2, <a href="https://reachingcriticalwill.org/images/documents/Disarmament-fora/nuclear-weapon-ban/2msp/statements/30Nov_Switzerland_A6.pdf">https://reachingcriticalwill.org/images/documents/Disarmament-fora/nuclear-weapon-ban/2msp/statements/30Nov_Switzerland_A6.pdf</a>
<a id="endnote24" name="endnote24"></a>24. Chris Reus-Smit and Ayşe Zarakol, “The Crisis of International Order: Is It About Injustice?” Medium, January 17, 2023, <a href="https://medium.com/international-affairs-blog/the-crisis-of-international-order-is-it-about-injustice-8cbcada5aa33">https://medium.com/international-affairs-blog/the-crisis-of-international-order-is-it-about-injustice-8cbcada5aa33</a>
See Second Meeting of States Parties to the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons
3; Second Meeting of States Parties to the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons
“Challenging Nuclear Secrecy: Barriers to Access and Ethics of Nuclear Archives,” TPNW/MSP/2023/NGO/9
<a id="endnote26" name="endnote26"></a>26. National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, “Draft Law About ‘Semipalatinsk Nuclear Safety Zone,’” June 2, 2022, <a href="https://www.nnc.kz/en/news/show/372">https://www.nnc.kz/en/news/show/372</a>
<a id="endnote27" name="endnote27"></a>27. Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Kazakhstan, “On the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Safety Zone,” December 28, 2023, <a href="https://adilet.zan.kz/eng/docs/Z2300000016">https://adilet.zan.kz/eng/docs/Z2300000016</a>
<a id="bio" name="bio"></a>Ekaterina Lapanovich is a senior lecturer at Ural Federal University
Alain Ponce Blancas is a research and communication officer at the Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean
All three contributors are alumni of the Arms Control Negotiation Academy at Harvard University Davis Center for Russian and Eurasian Studies
The Arms Control Association depends on the generous contributions of individuals who share our goal of promoting public understanding of and support for effective arms control policies
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<a href="/e-edition/43" target="_blank"></a>
Objective: Mental health may affect the quality of life (QoL) in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, mental disorders have not been systematically assessed in these patients. We examined the prevalence of mental disorders using structured interviews and determined their impact on QoL in patients with PAH.
Methods: This study included 217 patients with PAH from two German referral centers. Psychiatric disorders were assessed using the structured clinical interview for DSM-V. QoL was assessed using the WHO Quality of Life questionnaire (short form). The diagnostic value of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.
Conclusion: Mental disorders, in particular adjustment disorder, major depression, and panic disorder, are common in patients with PAH and contribute to impaired QoL in these patients. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale may be used as a screening tool for the most common mental health disorders. Future studies need to address interventional strategies targeting mental disorders in patients with PAH.
Volume 12 - 2021 | <a class="ArticleLayoutHeader__info__doi" href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.667602">https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.667602</a>
Objective: Mental health may affect the quality of life (QoL) in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)
mental disorders have not been systematically assessed in these patients
We examined the prevalence of mental disorders using structured interviews and determined their impact on QoL in patients with PAH
Methods: This study included 217 patients with PAH from two German referral centers
Psychiatric disorders were assessed using the structured clinical interview for DSM-V
QoL was assessed using the WHO Quality of Life questionnaire (short form)
The diagnostic value of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis
Results: More than one third of the patients had psychological disorders with current or past adjustment disorder (38.2%)
and panic disorder (15.2%) being the most prevalent mental illnesses
About half of the patients with a history of adjustment disorder developed at least one other mental illness
The presence of mental disorders had a profound impact on QoL
The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale ruled out panic disorder and depression disorder with negative predictive values of almost 90%
are common in patients with PAH and contribute to impaired QoL in these patients
The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale may be used as a screening tool for the most common mental health disorders
Future studies need to address interventional strategies targeting mental disorders in patients with PAH
Receiving the diagnosis of PAH is frequently associated with conflicting emotions as patients may be relieved that an explanation for their symptoms has been found while realizing at the same time that they suffer from a severe
which will affect and change the rest of their lives
The consequences of receiving a PAH diagnosis are immense as the patients have to deal not only with their physical limitations but also with uncertainties about their future; the potential inability to continue working with all its financial
and social consequences; the outlook of not being able to become pregnant or to raise children; the need for continued medical check-ups including invasive procedures; and the burden
and side effects of medical therapies including the possible need for lung transplantation
Hence, it is not surprising that some patients may develop an adjustment disorder, which may evolve into other psychiatric conditions during the course of their illness. Symptoms of depression and anxiety have been reported in up to 50% of patients with PAH (<a href="#B4">4</a>&#x02013;<a href="#B12">12</a>)
It is likely that such symptoms have a profound effect on the quality of life (QoL) in the affected patients
all previous studies assessing mental disorders in patients with PAH have used self-rating questionnaires rather than structured expert face-to-face interviews
which are considered the gold standard of psychiatric assessment
an established patient self-assessment tool
as a screening instrument for SCID-derived mental disorders in patients with PAH
This cross-sectional observational multicentre study included patients with a confirmed diagnosis of PAH (WHO Group 1) according to current diagnosis criteria (<a href="#B1">1</a>), age &#x02265;18 years, and physical and mental capability to complete questionnaires and interview in German language. The study concept was developed in cooperation with patient organizations as suggested during the latest Pulmonary Hypertension World Symposium (<a href="#B15">15</a>)
Patients were enrolled in two German pulmonary hypertension referral centers (Hannover Medical School and University of Gie&#x000DF;en and Marburg)
The study was approved by the local institutional review boards (Nr
and all patients gave written informed consent
all active patients with PAH deemed eligible were identified from a database and approached via mail
all patients with ambulatory visits between January 1
patients completed a set of questionnaires and underwent a personal structured clinical interview for DSM-V
lifestyle factors such as smoking habits (active
and current alcohol consumption (drinks per week) and psychosocial data with information regarding educational and employment status were assessed using self-rated questionnaires
Mental disorders were defined according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Clinical assessments at the time of the study included BMI
lung function tests including diffusion capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO)
and serum levels of the N-terminal fragment of proBNP (NT-proBNP)
Hemodynamic parameters at diagnosis were documented
To compare the prevalence of mental disorders in patients with PAH with the prevalence of mental disorders in the general population, data from a subsample aged 18&#x02013;70 years of the mental health module of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults (DEGS1-MH; n = 5,381) were used (<a href="#B17">17</a>)
USA) statistical software were used for analysis of the data
Continuous variables are shown as median and interquartile range (IQR) or as mean and SD
Categorical variables are shown as n and percent (%) unless indicated otherwise
Prevalence rates of mental disorders in PAH and a representative German population (DEGS1-MH study) were compared using &#x003C7;2 test
Point estimates with 95% CIs and differences between the two populations were calculated
Cohen&#x00027;s d for continuous or risk ratios for categorical variables were calculated
To examine the impact of mental disorders on QoL
linear regression models were calculated to assess determinants on QoL (psychological
and overall QoL were used as dependent variables)
Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis with calculation of the area under the curve (AUC)
the best cut-off values of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale A (for anxiety) and D (for depression) with the corresponding sensitivity and specificity on the structured clinical interview&#x02013;derived outcomes panic disorder and depression disorder were calculated
P-values &#x0003C;0.05 were considered statistically significant
Patients were contacted and interviewed between September 2019 and March 2020. A total of 327 patients were approached. Overall, 217 patients (66%) agreed to participate in the study, provided written informed consent, and took part in the interview (<a href="#F1">Figure 1</a>). The patient characteristics are shown in <a href="#T1">Table 1</a>
Patients with mental disorders were younger, more likely to receive combination therapies for PAH, had a higher diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide, and were more likely to smoke than patients without mental disorders (<a href="#T1">Table 1</a>)
and alcohol consumption did not differ between the groups
Prevalence of common mental disorders of PAH in comparison with data from the general German population (DEGS1-MH)
Comparison of mental disorders prevalence in patients with PAH and the German population
Studie zur Gesundheit Erwachsener in Deutschland (German study of health status in adults)&#x02014;Mental Health; PAH
38.2% of PAH patients showed signs and symptoms of adjustment disorder after receiving the PAH diagnosis
and 53% of these patients suffered from at least one other psychiatric disorder at the time of the psychiatric assessment
Male and female patients with PAH did not differ concerning prevalence rates of any mental disorder (data not shown)
At a cut-off value of &#x02265;10 points, ROC curve analysis showed an AUC of 82.6% of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-A (95% CI 75.7&#x02013;89.4%; p &#x0003C; 0.001) for the detection of panic disorder (<a href="#F3">Figure 3A</a>)
Receiver operating characteristic curves of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) for the detection of panic disorder (A) and depression disorder (B)
The AUC for the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-D was 83.1% (95% CI 76.3&#x02013;89.8%; p &#x0003C; 0.001) with an optimal cut-off of &#x02265;9 points for the detection of major depressive disorder (<a href="#F3">Figure 3B</a>)
and the negative predictive value was 87.5%
Quality of life in PAH patients with or without major depression disorder (A) or panic disorder (B)
panic disorder; box plots show medians and interquartile ranges
and mental disorders were significant determinants of overall and physical QoL
Each increase in WHO FC was associated with a 10-point decline in the overall QoL
and a decline in 6MWD by 10 m was accompanied by a 0.3-point decline in QoL
The presence of depression was associated with a 13-point decline in QoL and the presence of panic disorder was associated with an 8-point decline in QoL
Physical QoL decreased by 9 points per WHO FC worsening
by 14 points in the presence of depression
and by 8 points in the presence of panic disorder
Psychological QoL was determined mainly by the presence of depression disorder (&#x02212;20 points) and panic disorder (&#x02212;10 points)
this was the first study to systematically assess the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with PAH by structured face-to-face interviews
The main findings can be summarized as follows: (1) more than one third of our patients had psychiatric disorders
mainly major depressive disorder and panic disorder
exceeding the prevalence of these mental disorders in the general population; (2) the presence of psychiatric disorders had a substantial impact on QoL; using linear regression analysis
major depression disorder was associated with a 13-point decline in the overall QoL on an ordinal scale ranging from 0 to 100 points
and the presence of panic disorder reduced QoL by 8 points; (3) more than one third of the patients under study reported signs and symptoms of adjustment disorder within the first 3 months after receiving the PAH diagnosis
and more than half of these patients developed other psychiatric disorders during the course of the disease; and (4) the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale may be a useful screening tool for the identification of probable cases of major depressive disorder and panic disorder in patients with PAH
the prevalence of other major psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia
bipolar disorders and alcohol dependence was not increased in our patients
contributing as much as the physical impairment to the reduced QoL
psychiatric disorders may become targets of therapy in this patient population
systematic studies and RCTs are not available at the moment
that the effects of psychotherapeutic interventions on psychiatric disorders and QoL in patients with PAH need to be studied in more detail
the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was found to have positive predictive values of 47.7 and 42.9%
and negative predictive values of 87.5 and 88.1%
for the detection of depression and panic disorder
the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale may be used as screening tool which may help non-experts to rule out the presence of depression and panic disorders
the most frequent psychiatric abnormalities in the present study
it might be advisable to recommend psychiatric or psychosomatic evaluation in patients with suspicious findings on the Hospital Depression and Anxiety Scale
it may be even more useful to develop specific questionnaires for patients with PAH
including tools with a high sensitivity for adjustment disorders
which can be used during the first 3 months after the diagnosis has been established
The main strength is the inclusion of a relatively large set of patients with PAH who all underwent a structured face-to-face interview
which is considered the gold standard of psychiatric assessment
Limitations include the fact that only two centers from a single country participated
this cross-sectional study did not provide longitudinal data on the course of psychiatric disorders and also no data on the presence of psychiatric disorders before the development of PAH
the diagnosis of adjustment disorder after the PAH diagnosis was mainly based on retrospective assessments and may be confounded by recall bias
our study showed a high prevalence of psychiatric disorders
especially major depressive disorder and panic disorder
The presence of these psychiatric disorders was associated with a profound reduction in QoL
our study found hints for a high prevalence of adjustment disorders after the diagnosis of PAH has been received
adjustment disorders might be a starting point for the development of major mental disorders and may therefore provide an opportunity for early psychotherapeutic interventions
Further studies are needed to better understand the development of mental disorders in patients with PAH
The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by Ethics committee
JF was responsible for implementation of the study
JCK and MJR were responsible for implementation of the study
HAG was responsible for implementation of the study
MMH and KGK were responsible for study design
KMO has received fees for lectures and/or consultations from Actelion
HAG has received personal fees from Actelion
and personal fees from United Therapeutics
MMH has received honoraria for lectures and/or consultations from Acceleron
KGK has received honoraria for consultations and/or lectures from Eli Lilly
2015 ESC/ERS guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension
Delay in recognition of pulmonary arterial hypertension: factors identified from the REVEAL registry
Diagnostic delay in pulmonary arterial hypertension: insights from the Australian and New Zealand pulmonary hypertension registry
Anxiety and depression disorders in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
Mental distress and wish for psychosomatic treatment of patients with pulmonary hypertension
Psychother Psychosomatik Medizinische Psychol
Quality of life and psychological symptoms in patients with pulmonary hypertension
Anxiety and depression in patients with pulmonary hypertension: impact and management challenges
Prevalence of anxiety and depression in pulmonary hypertension and changes during therapy
Depression and anxiety in patients with pulmonary hypertension: the role of life satisfaction and optimism
Anxiety and depression in patients with pulmonary hypertension
and health-related QOL in patients diagnosed with PAH or CTEPH
Anxiety and depression in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: results from a Chinese survey
Reliability and validity of severity dimensions of psychopathology assessed using the structured clinical interview for DSM-5 (SCID)
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x" target="_blank">CrossRef Full Text</a> | <a href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=AS+Zigmond&#x00026;author=RP+Snaith+&#x00026;publication_year=1983&#x00026;title=The+hospital+anxiety+and+depression+scale&#x00026;journal=Acta+Psychiatr+Scand.&#x00026;volume=67&#x00026;pages=361-70" target="_blank">Google Scholar</a>
The importance of patient perspectives in pulmonary hypertension
Comparison of SF-36 and WHOQoL-BREF in measuring quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes
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The third wave of cognitive behavioural therapies: what is new and what is effective
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International experiences with the hospital anxiety and depression scale&#x02013;a review of validation data and clinical results
Hoeper MM and Kahl KG (2021) Prevalence of Mental Disorders and Impact on Quality of Life in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Received: 13 February 2021; Accepted: 06 April 2021; Published: 31 May 2021
Copyright &#x000A9; 2021 Olsson, Meltendorf, Fuge, Kamp, Park, Richter, Gall, Ghofrani, Ferrari, Schmiedel, Kulla, Heitland, Lepsy, Dering, Hoeper and Kahl. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY)</a>
&#x0002A;Correspondence: Karen M. Olsson, <a id="encmail">b2xzc29uLmthcmVuQG1oLWhhbm5vdmVyLmRl</a>
Molli Mitchell is a Senior SEO TV and Film Newsweek Reporter based in London
Her focus is reporting on culture and entertainment
She has covered the world of Film and TV extensively from true-crime dramas to reality TV and blockbuster movies
Molli joined Newsweek in 2021 from the Daily Express
She is a graduate of The University of Glasgow
You can get in touch with Molli by emailing m.mitchell@newsweek.com
either observed and verified firsthand by the reporter
or reported and verified from knowledgeable sources
Translations may contain inaccuracies—please refer to the original content
After more than two years of waiting, Loki is finally here. There is so much to unpack from the first episode, especially the niche historical reference made to <a href="https://www.newsweek.com/robert-rackstraw-db-cooper-mysterious-plane-hijacking-suspect-dead-1448717" target="_blank" title="Was Robert Rackstraw DB Cooper? Mysterious Plane Hijacking Suspect Dead at 75" rel="noopener" class="multivariate">infamous plane hijacker, DB Cooper</a>
Mobius took Loki (played by Tom Hiddleston)
Mobius stopped at one of his favourite moments in Loki's existence&mdash;particularly that one time Loki hijacked a plane and parachuted out the back
The scene mirrored the extraordinary true case of DB Cooper and even ended with Wilson's TVA agent declaring Loki to actually be the real DB Cooper
Where was the TVA when I was meddling with these affairs of men?"
DB Cooper is one of the <a href="https://www.newsweek.com/topic/fbi" data-sys="1" class="multivariate">FBI</a>'s most famous unsolved mystery cases to date and remains the only unsolved air piracy in commercial aviation history
a man by the name of Dan Cooper (later dubbed DB Cooper by U.S
Washington at Northwest Orient Airlines in Portland
Cooper handed air hostess Florence Schaffner a note and told her he had a bomb inside his briefcase
After taking a look at what appeared to be a makeshift bomb
Schaffner was instructed to take a note to the flight's captain
The neatly typed noted demanded four parachutes and $200,000 ransom in twenty-dollar bills
Scott was able to land the flight in Seattle where the 35 passengers and some of the crew were able to disembark from the plane
Cooper and four members of the flight's crew
Cooper ordered the pilot towards Mexico City and a few hours later
He managed to jump out of the back of the plane using the parachutes and $200,000 in hand
whether Cooper made a safe landing remains unknown and his whereabouts today are a complete mystery
The idea Cooper may have died following his jump became highly plausible when eight-year-old Brian Ingram on February 10
came across a package of twenty-dollar bills in the beach town of Tina
which matched the ransom money serial numbers
The FBI later confirmed the money was a portion of the ransom and had been arranged in the order Cooper demanded
Cooper's remains have never been discovered nearby
and by 1976 had interviewed more than 800 suspects
who had been arrested for a similar hijacking five months after Cooper's hijack but he was later dismissed as the culprit as he did not match the physical descriptions given by eye witness
Other suspects included Kenneth Peter Christiansen
the FBI's case was suspended in 2016 and his whereabouts remain unknown
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There's a sort Robin Hood mythology tied to the Nov
hijacking of a Northwestern airlines flight from Portland to Seattle &mdash; a crime attributed to a bold
The chain-smoking hijacker let the passengers and some crew members go when the Boeing 727 landed in Seattle to refuel and pick up the four parachutes and ransom money he demanded
he parachuted to an unknown fate with $200,000 in a bag strapped to his chest
Cooper identified?:&nbsp;<a href=https://www.indystar.com/story/news/2018/08/03/db-cooper-letters-decoded-indiana-veteran-thomas-colbert-point-robert-rackstraw/774858002/>Hoosier says he helped crack the code to identify D.B. Cooper</a>All the info:&nbsp; <a href=https://www.indystar.com/story/news/2018/08/03/db-cooper-mystery-everything-need-know-letters-clues-suspects-fbi-money-case-closed/865775002/>Here's what you need to know about the skyjacker</a>
Whether the hijacker survived his daring jump remains part of the mystery
many have come to see Cooper as a folk hero who found a unique way to beat the system
even though the FBI considered more than 1,000 "persons of interest" before closing the investigation in 2016
several people have been publicly identified as suspects &mdash; then cleared
But no one has been arrested for the crime
Rackstraw was among potential suspects cleared by the FBI in the 1980s
He was called to the bureau's attention by two investigators in California who noticed a resemblance between Rackstraw and drawings of the Cooper suspect while they were investigating Rackstraw for another crime
A 2016 book by Thomas J. Colbert, a California researcher and movie producer, <a href=https://dbcooper.com/>makes the case that Rackstraw is the hijacker</a>
a northern Indiana veteran who has helped Colbert research the case
says he found coded messages in letters allegedly written by the hijacker and sent to several newspapers after the crime
Sherwood says those hidden messages all point to Rackstraw
including one he says includes Rackstraw's name and former military rank
Rackstraw refused to deny the claims by Sherwood and Colbert that he is D.B
like the plane Cooper hijacked &mdash; from Newark
demanded $500,000 and four parachutes,&nbsp;which he was given in exchange for releasing passengers when the diverted flight landed in San Francisco
He was convicted and sentenced to 45 years in prison
after escaping from a federal prison in Pennsylvania
McCoy was killed in a shootout with police
The FBI webpage of famous crimes and criminals said McCoy was "ruled out because he didn&rsquo;t match the nearly identical physical descriptions of Cooper provided by two flight attendants and for other reasons."
In May, the <a href=https://www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/2018/05/16/book-publisher-claims-has-identified-d-b-cooper/617696002/>Detroit Free Press</a> and other media outlets reported a Michigan publisher says a new book will reveal "Cooper was a former military paratrooper named&nbsp;Walter R
Reca&nbsp;&mdash; the latest in a long string of people to be publicly linked to the crime over the years."
A press release <a href=https://principiamedia.com/>from the publisher</a>
including almost-daily discussions over a 14-year period and 3-plus hours of audio recordings featuring the skyjacker
include Reca discussing skyjacking details that were not known to the public prior to the FBI&rsquo;s information release in 2015," the press release says
In <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2018/05/17/a-new-d-b-cooper-suspect-yet-another-possible-identity-for-elusive-hijacker/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.0a041f317fc6">an interview</a> with The Washington Post
Laurin said he had suspected his friend might be Cooper: &ldquo;It feels like something he would do,&rdquo; he said
When Reca finally acknowledged it,&nbsp;&ldquo;I wasn&rsquo;t surprised.&rdquo;
In 2011, the <a href=https://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/db-cooper-suspect-was-surveyor-brother-worked-for-boeing/>Seattle Times reported</a> the FBI was investigating a "promising lead" in the Cooper case "and confirmed that Marla Cooper
The bureau also said it was working with the family to obtain items from which fingerprints might be lifted to compare to partial prints obtained from the Boeing jet."
She also shared her claims in a televised interview
citing memories from when she was 8 years old
first told ABC News this week that she recalled her uncles planning something suspicious just before Thanksgiving 1971 at her grandmother&rsquo;s house in Sisters
The two used walkie-talkies and left supposedly to go turkey hunting
known to the family as &ldquo;L.D.,&rdquo; returned to the home bloody and bruised
claiming he had been involved in a car accident
In 2008, <a href="https://abcnews.go.com/TheLaw/story?id=5472865&page=1">ABC news reported</a> that Spokane
said college professor William "Wolfgang" Gossett "once showed his sons a key to a Vancouver
Gossett reportedly told his three sons that he committed the hijacking
but in spite of all the circumstantial evidence
the FBI was never able to implicate Gossett
and could never place him in the Pacific Northwest at the time of the Cooper hijacking
Cooper case other than the statements [Gossett] made to someone," FBI Special Agent Larry Carr told ABC News
In 2015, the Detroit Free Press <a href=https://www.freep.com/story/life/2015/11/24/dick-lepsy-ross-richardson-lisa-db-cooper-grayling-michigan-fbi/75886946/>published an article</a> about possible Cooper suspects
and 85-year-old mother (15 days before the Cooper hijacking)
List happened to withdraw $200,000 from his mother's bank account and disappeared
He was captured in 1989 after living under a false identity for 17 years
but told authorities he had no involvement in the Cooper hijacking
the retired FBI agent who initially investigated the Cooper hijacking
but added that John List warranted investigating because both were about the same height and weight and wore glasses
the FBI is no longer considering John List as a Cooper suspect
The 2015 <a href=https://www.freep.com/story/life/2015/11/24/dick-lepsy-ross-richardson-lisa-db-cooper-grayling-michigan-fbi/75886946/>Detroit Free Press article</a> also raised the question of whether a Michigan man
could be Cooper based on research by author Ross Richardson
Richardson said his mission was never to compare or contrast Dick Lepsy and D.B
he decided to pull some of the photos he had of Lepsy and put them against the FBI's composite sketch of Cooper
Lepsy's daughter Lisa told the Free Press her family was stunned by what they saw on TV:
"We were all sitting on the couch watching Walter Cronkite," said Lisa
"We were stunned because the resemblance was unbelievable
and my brothers and I were all sure that was our dad."
In&nbsp;2007, responding to an <a href=http://nymag.com/news/features/39593/#print>article in New York magazine</a> that made the case former Northwest flight attendent Kenneth Christiansen was Cooper, <a href=https://archives.fbi.gov/archives/news/stories/2007/december/dbcooper_123107>the FBI reported</a> he "didn&rsquo;t match the physical description and was a skilled paratrooper." By that time
the bureau had determined the person behind the skyjacking was not an expert paratrooper
In 2000, <a href=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/d-b-cooper-found-at-last/>CBS news reported</a> that a Florida widow
claimed her husband confessed to the crime shortly before dying in 1995
Hospitalized in Florida with kidney disease
Duane Weber motioned to his wife to come close
Come closer.' He wanted me about two feet from his face," Jo Weber recalls
The <a href=https://archives.fbi.gov/archives/news/stories/2007/december/dbcooper_123107>FBI reported in 2007, however</a>
that Weber "was ruled out by DNA testing (we lifted a DNA sample from Cooper&rsquo;s tie in 2001)."
In 2010, The Parachutist, the official publication of the U.S. Parachute Association, posted <a href=https://uspa.org/p/Article/the-secrets-of-db-cooper-part-three-criminal-profile>an online article</a> that included the following on Peterson being a Cooper suspect:
The FBI was curious about Peterson since he was a skydiver with a bit of a reputation for being a renegade; had lived in the Pacific Northwest; was 44 years old at the time of the hijacking; was familiar with the workings of the 727 aircraft since he&rsquo;d worked at Boeing's Plant Two in Seattle; and was a member of the Issaquah Skyport
the skydiving center where authorities had obtained rigs for Cooper&rsquo;s use during the hijacking
authorities had even questioned Peterson&rsquo;s ex-wife
that sounds like something he&rsquo;d do.&rdquo; However
The FBI eventually traced Peterson's whereabouts to Asia
when the FBI was finally able to question him
Peterson pointed out that he had been in Pokhara
Peterson told the FBI that if he himself hijacked the 727
he would have &ldquo;insisted upon a helmet
And a flashlight to spot my landing.&rdquo; Although the FBI obviously felt Peterson was a credible suspect who may have survived the jump
both DNA and fingerprint analysis cleared him as a suspect
In 2016, <a href=http://mentalfloss.com/article/83735/woman-who-might-have-been-db-cooper>Mental Floss reported</a> in an online story that "D.B
but a woman who disguised herself as one in order to pull off the most audacious air heist in history."
The article explained Dayton was born a male
but underwent gender reassignment surgery in 1969 and lived after that as Barbara rather than her given name Bobby
Dayton &mdash; a pilot with parachute training &mdash; met Pat and Ron Forman
Dayton confided two secrets to the&nbsp;Formans
The first was that she had formerly been a man and had undergone surgery
According to the Formans&rsquo; book,&nbsp;The Legend of D.B
Dayton told them the following: Feeling resentful of the FAA and mired in a depression following her gender reassignment
Dayton decided to pull off an airborne heist
The article noted the Formans said Dayton later "cooled on the Cooper talk" before she died in 2002
and dismissed their suggestion Barbara Dayton may have been D.B
Contact Tim Evans at (317) 444-6204 or tim.evans@indystar.com
Duck Dynasty star Jase Robertson has sheared off his trademark beard and long locks for the first time in seven years
The dramatic makeover came after Jase took to social media to say if he raised $100,000 for children with cleft lip and palates he would shave his famous beard…and he followed through
Jase gathered all of his redneck family and friends to drink some sweet tea and watch him shave off the beard and cut his long hair
he looked like a completely different person
seemed stunned at the sight of her husband looking so clean cut
 <a href="https://www.instagram.com/p/BYpSq-Ql_zD/" style=" color:#000; font-family:Arial,sans-serif; font-size:14px; font-style:normal; font-weight:normal; line-height:17px; text-decoration:none; word-wrap:break-word;" target="_blank">Before &amp; After</a>
A post shared by Mia Moo Fund (@miamoofund) on Sep 4
The cause was close to Jase’s heart. In 2014, he and Missy started the <a href="https://miamoo.org/pages/about-us" target="_blank">Mia Moo Fund</a> in honor of their daughter Mia
This summer Jase decided to put his beard where his mouth is and launch a campaign to raise money for the cause
Using the hashtag #shavejase he and Missy bombarded their social media accounts with requests for donations
They were eventually able to raise over $100,000
To ensure that the entire $100,000 went straight to helping children with cleft palates and cleft lips
Jase and Missy paid all of the administrative fees for the fundraiser themselves
In a sit-down interview with Fox &amp; Friends
Jase said that the last time he shaved and got a haircut (which was almost eight years ago)
Watch the latest video at <a href="//video.foxnews.com">video.foxnews.com</a>
The Robertsons also revealed that their daughter Mia has had to have eight surgeries so far to correct her cleft lip and palate
and they realize not all families can afford the pricey operations
“We found ourselves…being in debt after [her] two surgeries
“Doctors wrote off a certain amount but we were in debt $12,000; two working people trying to do what’s right and you’re still in debt
So we wanted to alleviate that [situation] for other families.”
To make a donation to the Mia Moo Fund, <a href="https://miamoo.org/" target="_blank">click here</a>
Check out more of the before and after photos below:
 <a href="https://www.instagram.com/p/BYpIwFNgD3H/" style=" color:#000; font-family:Arial,sans-serif; font-size:14px; font-style:normal; font-weight:normal; line-height:17px; text-decoration:none; word-wrap:break-word;" target="_blank">I guess you could say I&#39;m a little happy. #ShaveJase #MyMan</a>
A post shared by Missy Robertson (@missyduckwife) on Sep 4
 my parents live close to them and say  their family is extremely active in the community
I read they didn&#8217;t actually meet the 100,000 goal.
they only got 35,000 but he still shaved it
I actually don&#8217;t understand men who leave such big beards to grow
even better that he did it for such a noble cause
All of the Robertson boys are good looking under all of that hair; Willie has some super cute dimples under that beard
do a Google search to see some pictures of them &#8220;before the beards&#8221;&#8230;so handsome
I saw the pics of Willie before the beard and he was adorable
and website in this browser for the next time I comment
&#916;document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value"
Amber Portwood was NOT happy when her TikTok Live was taken over by comments from fans claiming she had &#8220;abandoned&#8221; her daughter Leah
The &#8216;Teen Mom&#8217; star lashed out at her TikTok Live partner for bringing up the topic of her not living with her kids
Lisa Vanderpump recently threw some shade at Scheana Shay
after the &#8216;Vanderpump Rules&#8217; star was informed that Scheana planned to spill a lot of tea about LVP in her upcoming memoir
News and snark about your favorite guilty pleasure reality TV shows
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a nondescript man in a black suit paid cash for a one-way ticket on Northwest Airlines Flight 305
He showed her a collection of what appeared to be wires and "red sticks" in his briefcase and told her to relay his demands to the pilot
"He demanded that the pilot fly the jet at 10,000 feet so it wouldn't require oxygen so the cabin wouldn't decompress. Somewhere between Seattle and Reno, Nevada, Cooper tied the bag of ransom money to himself, strapped on one of the parachutes, and jumped out of the back of the plane to an unknown fate."
Unknown doesn't even begin to describe it. Cooper was never heard from again, and the incident remains the only unsolved hijacking in United States history. The FBI began a full investigation — one that remains an open case — and immediately started trying to identify the man who would be known as D.B. Cooper (the media reported his name wrong, and the FBI let the mistake stand, in the hope that it might help them separate real leads from hoaxes).
The flight attendants spent five hours working with sketch artists to develop a composite image (the only image of Cooper there is to go on) and described him as being a fortysomething man, who was somewhere between 5'10" and six feet tall, weighing between 170 and 180 pounds. The FBI used that completely generic description (along with a black tie and tie clasp the hijacker had left on the plane) and swiftly identified — and eliminated — almost 1,000 suspects during a five year period.
The agents believed that Cooper had military training and, during the course of the investigation, focused their efforts on three men — all veterans who had the right physical attributes. Although one confessed to killing his family and another claimed to have committed the hijacking, none of them were ultimately identified as Cooper.
Fast forward almost exactly two years, and the Lepsey children were at home, watching the evening news. Lisa Lepsy, who was 13 at the time, told WZZM:
"We were all sitting on the couch watching Walter Cronkite," said Lisa. "When the composite sketch of D.B. Cooper came on the TV screen, everyone looked at each other and said, 'That's dad!'We were stunned because the resemblance was unbelievable, and my brothers and I were all sure that was our dad."
When Richardson saw Lepsy's picture, he noticed the similarities too. He said:
"I was stunned to see the physical similarities between the two men. Both Lepsy and the Cooper suspect were described to be 6-feet-tall, both weighed about 180-pounds and both had black hair and brown eyes."
Although the Cooper case, which is officially known as NORJACK (short for Northwest Hijacking), is still technically open, the Bureau told WZZM that it is "not still actively looking for information." It did say that credible tips would be pursued accordingly.
"Can I say that Dick Lepsy is D.B. Cooper?" Richardson told the news station. "No, I cannot; I need proof, but I strongly believe the proof is out there."
Play Duration: 28 minutes 52 seconds28m Brought to you by
If you’ve ever witnessed someone having an epileptic seizure you’ll know how frightening it is. And if you have epilepsy you’ll know that the unpredictability of seizures severely impacts your life. After stroke, epilepsy is the most common serious neurological disorder. It’s like an ‘electrical problem’ in your brain. Researchers are now using AI technology to develop a wearable seizure forecaster.
</a>Neuroscience, Epilepsy, Science and TechnologyTranscriptLynne Malcolm: Epilepsy is an &#x27;electrical problem&#x27; in the brain. The unpredictability of seizures is devastating, both for those who have them, and for those looking on.
Have you ever seen somebody have a convulsive epileptic fit?
Georgia: No, I haven&#x27;t. I&#x27;m very happy that I haven&#x27;t because it looks terrifying. My little sisters and my dad saw me have the first and the second one and my mum also saw the second one, which was good because she is an emergency nurse. I think that&#x27;s also why my family looks after me so carefully because it was just so, so frightening. It&#x27;s far more frightening for people watching than for the epileptic, to see the fit.
Lynne Malcolm: And university student Georgia recalls her own experience of having epileptic seizures.
Georgia: I had two tonic clonic seizures, so they are the really big ones where you shake and you fit, and they&#x27;re really frightening. You don&#x27;t know what&#x27;s going on when you have one, it&#x27;s more like you&#x27;re unconscious, but afterwards you feel really sick, you feel like you want to vomit. I kept going back to sleep. You&#x27;re pretty totally unreactive, so you can&#x27;t talk. You feel like you&#x27;ve been hit by a truck basically.
It&#x27;s All in the Mind on RN, I&#x27;m Lynne Malcolm.
Today, how epilepsy affects people&#x27;s lives, and some of the promising new approaches being developed to manage the condition, especially in the area of seizure forecasting.
Dr Mark Cook is researcher and head of the Melbourne Medical School and the Department of Neurology at St Vincent&#x27;s Hospital.
Mark Cook: The brain can be thought of as a very large circuit board, and the wires on the surface of the brain can be interfered with in many different ways and ways that we are very familiar with, for instance injuries and tumours and malformations, anything that disrupts the wiring can cause short circuits which are essentially what the seizures are.
Georgia is a fourth-year arts/science student at Monash University. She&#x27;s studying hard to get into medicine at the end of the year. She loves to run and play lots of sport.
Lynne Malcolm: And what were these seizures like, what did it feel like to you?
Georgia: So I had two tonic clonic seizures, so they are the really big ones where you shake and you fit. They are really frightening. You don&#x27;t know what&#x27;s going on when you have one, it&#x27;s more like you&#x27;re unconscious, but afterwards you feel really sick, you feel like you want to vomit. I kept going back to sleep. You&#x27;re pretty totally unreactive, so you can&#x27;t talk. You feel like you&#x27;ve been hit by a truck basically.
Lynne Malcolm: You had several of those. Then what happened? How were you treated?
Epilepsy is the most common serious neurological disorder after stroke. Dr Mark Cook says that this often comes as surprise to people because no one talks about epilepsy, due to the stigma around it.
Lynne Malcolm: What are some of the side effects that affect people&#x27;s lives?
Mark Cook: Well, all of these medications work on the electrical activity of the brain, and so you can imagine that a common side-effect is that it slows down people&#x27;s thoughts or affects their memory a little, takes the edge off them, if you like, and so they don&#x27;t feel as sharp as they did before. It&#x27;s different for everyone, and generally you can find a medication that suits people without causing side-effects, but nevertheless many people suffer the neurological side-effects.
The drugs might affect the body in other ways too, so that they might have effects on the liver or blood or other body systems. Something that has become very important in recent years is the effect the medications might have on the bones, for instance. So there are lots of other consequences of taking the medications in the way that we do.
Lynne Malcolm: And what about surgery? How often is surgery needed and how effective is surgery?
So the early expectations with the dramatic advances in MRI imaging over the last 25 years, the expectations were that we would be able to offer surgery to an enormous range of people, and we do offer it to a lot more people than we could. But the downside has been that it&#x27;s turned out that many are too extensive or complex for us to easily address with surgery.
Lynne Malcolm: Mark Cook has been Georgia&#x27;s neurologist since she first had seizures.
How did that make you feel, that you didn&#x27;t know whether or when you might have another seizure?
Treating people with epilepsy has some significant challenges. Dr Mark Cook:
Most patients with epilepsy are extremely well in all other respects, and to have their life limited by such a random or seemingly random and unpredictable occurrence is devastating. And it has ramifications for a lot of other aspects of their life, so that for instance apart from driving and work it might affect their recreational activities; swimming might not be safe, other sports they are involved with might not be safe, and it will have social consequences.
Lynne Malcolm: So tell me about the main improvements on the horizon in better treatment of epilepsy.
From the point of view of the other epilepsies, we are getting much better with medication, so newer medications tend to have better side-effect profiles overall, and that&#x27;s obviously very important, and being able to have a bigger range of medications to select from gives you a much better opportunity to fine tune the medication to the individual patient, so that&#x27;s really important too.
The surgery is improving because imaging techniques are always getting better; more powerful scanners, new systems and ways of finding out exactly where in the brain seizures come from. For instance, we have been involved in a lot of this work with Swinburne University recently using their MEG scanner, so a magneto-encephalogram which lets us see activity of the brain in ways that we couldn&#x27;t before.
And of course as well we&#x27;ve been looking at some very novel ways of improving seizure management, so that seizure prediction is an important one. We&#x27;ve been doing work over some years now in seizure prediction which has been quite successful, though it&#x27;s still not a mainstream therapy, but that will change over the next few years.
Lynne Malcolm: Mark Cook, neurologist and head of the Melbourne Medical School.
You&#x27;re with All in the Mind on RN, I&#x27;m Lynne Malcolm.
One of the most devastating things about having epilepsy is that you never really know for sure when you might have a seizure. And depending on when and where it happens to you, it can be a matter of life or death.
Mark Cook mentioned the new research area of seizure prediction. He and his colleagues from Melbourne University have been working with IBM, providing them with their patients&#x27; brain activity data, to develop seizure prediction technology. Dr Stefan Harrer is part of the IBM Research Australia team which is developing Artificial Intelligence technology for seizure forecasting.
Imagine if you&#x27;re driving your car, if you are rock-climbing, if you are socialising, if you know a seizure will strike, you can manage the situation, and that can make the difference between life or death, if you want to look at it really closely. Pulling your car over before a seizure strikes can make all the difference.
Lynne Malcolm: Stefan Harrer explains why AI technology has such good potential in the management of a condition like epilepsy.
Lynne Malcolm: So you mentioned deep learning, just explain to me what you mean by deep learning and what role that has in this breakthrough.
Lynne Malcolm: Stefan Harrer from IBM Research Australia.
An &#x27;aura&#x27; is the term that some people use to describe a feeling they get before a seizure. It can serve as a warning that a seizure is about to happen. Here&#x27;s Georgia&#x27;s experience of an &#x27;aura&#x27;.
Lynne Malcolm: Some people with epilepsy have some way of predicting when they are going to get a seizure, and it&#x27;s often referred to as an aura. Is this a similar sort of thing that the AI is tapping into?
Lynne Malcolm: The ultimate goal for Stefan Harrer and his colleagues is to create a wearable device to allow people to know when they are about to have a seizure.
Lynne Malcolm: Stefan Harrer from IBM points out that the technology they&#x27;ve developed is an important proof of concept and represents a real breakthrough, but further research is required, and it may be a few more years before it will be clinically available to patients. Georgia is grateful that medication is now working for her epilepsy.
Georgia: Yes, I am, I&#x27;m very, very lucky. I&#x27;m very grateful that Professor Cooke has put me on a medication that actually works for absence seizures because I was originally on just a generalised medication and that would have eventually not worked for the type of seizures that I have.
Lynne Malcolm: And do you have any side effects from the medication you&#x27;re on?
Georgia: Yes, epilepsy medication has lots of side effects. Probably the biggest one is you get very tired, but that&#x27;s probably the worst thing. But it&#x27;s worth it.
Lynne Malcolm: So what do you think about this possibility of developing an AI technology which would be wearable and which would help people predict whether they are going to get a seizure?
Lynne Malcolm: And so what are your future aspirations?
Georgia: Study medicine. Neurology would obviously be fantastic, I&#x27;ve got a fantastic neurologist to look up to. Or in emergency medicine because I&#x27;ve had some amazing emergency doctors look after me. But somewhere in the medical field so I can do some research but work with people, and the whole field just attracts me because you can do so much wonderful work.
Lynne Malcolm: Georgia. And many thanks to her for sharing her personal experience.
Lynne Malcolm: Dr Mark Cook, head of the Melbourne Medical School and of the Department of Neurology at St Vincent&#x27;s Hospital.
Thanks to producer Diane Dean and sound engineer Que Nguyen.
I&#x27;m Lynne Malcolm, it&#x27;s been great to have your company. Catch you next time.
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Rising Singaporean singer-songwriter <a href="https://www.nme.com/artists/haven">Haven</a> has released a new single titled ‘Museum’
Written and performed by the 17-year-old pop musician
&#8216;Museum&#8217; offers listeners a glimpse at a more solemn
The dramatic ballad, in contrast to Haven’s <a href="https://www.nme.com/en_asia/news/music/17-year-old-singaporean-pop-artist-haven-releases-music-video-for-ego-2756315">previous colourful and lively single ‘Ego’</a>
sees the singer put her heart on her sleeve after a clash with her partner
as she recalls the better times of their relationship and pleads with her partner not to give up
The music video – directed by Lepsy Films – reflects the same theme
Watch her perform opposite a faceless figure reminiscent of René Magritte&#8217;s famous painting The Lovers below
arranged and mixed by Filipino producer Jonathan Manalo
Both tracks were recorded at the Purple Room studio in Manila
before being mastered in Los Angeles’ Grammy award-winning studio
Earlier this September, Haven and fellow Singaporean artist Haneri featured on <a href="https://www.nme.com/en_asia/news/music/kyla-haneri-valentina-ploy-among-14-southeast-asian-singers-on-charity-single-heal-2745359">ABS-CBN’s all-female charity single, ‘Heal’</a>. The track featured a total of 14 artists from across Southeast Asia, including <a href="https://www.nme.com/artists/valentina-ploy">Valentina Ploy</a> and <a href="https://www.nme.com/artists/KZ-TANDINGAN">KZ Tandingan</a>
The world’s defining voice in music and pop culture: breaking what’s new and what’s next since 1952
New night coming to Chelmsford in the wake of local favourite
Hardly a recognised bastion for electronic music
is more commonly associated with orange fake-tan
low-cut tops and hair-straighteners – and that’s just the boys
busy minds have been at work deep within the underground climes of these parochial pastures
pitched just 35mins train ride from Liverpool Street
Kicking off around 2007 as the brainchild of a crew of local promoters dubbed The Chelmsford Raving Association
The Black Hole brought the likes of Erol Alkan
Jo Jo De Freq and Herve to various venues across the town
settling at Marc Miller and Jon Boards' Barhouse
Chelmsford’s only establishment purely dedicated to underground electronics
The Black Hole has wound down its residency and moved to London to set up as a record label
while Barhouse has changed its name to Hooga
delivering regular parties running a gamut of house
the venue’s latest addition to its roster is holdtight
a Chelmsford Raving Association side-project run by Amie Lister and Kathleen Stein
the event is yet another chance to scratch beneath the surface of an often wrongly overlooked club scene that
harbours enough DJ talent to whip even the most stiff-lipped raver into an eye-rolling
Joining the Chelmsford Ravers – Lee Hume (Lost Souls)
Harry Finn and Staple Diet – Antony Difrancesco
of London’s Public Life party and label Lost Souls
will add fuel to the techno fire with a bass-laden concoction of house and techno until 5.30am (late license)
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If you’re one of the dozen or so people who are jonesing to have more Farrah Abraham in your life
and father Michael Abraham to a special “Family Edition” of Marriage Boot Camp Reality Stars
but WEtv just gave us our first sneak peek of the family fighting it out on-camera
The train wreck trio sat down to introduce themselves in a little “Meet the Abrahams” clip
The network hopes the clip will get us all pumped up for the level of family dysfunction that they will be bringing to the series
The clip starts out with the family arriving at the ‘Marriage Boot Camp’ mansion
while discussing their tumultuous relationship
“Farrah can become angry within a matter of seconds,” Debra says
Deb tells us how Farrah once wished her mom was dead
we watch clips of her arriving at the mansion
her trusty “double belt” look that she’s still trying to make happen
has clearly come a long way since the early days of ‘Teen Mom,’ when she sported 1990s power suits and a Farrah Fawcett hairdo
Michael says he came on the show to help Farrah find ways to deal with her anger
“I think Farrah could be a little more considerate,” Michael says in the clip
but actually her father’s push-over behavior
“If I could have one word to describe my dad….I would say….my dad’s a pansy,” Farrah says
(Michael was not thrilled when he watched this clip and heard his daughter say that
Farrah continues to insist that she doesn’t have any family supporting or helping her
we see both Deb and Michael dropping everything to help Farrah with her daughter and her various businesses
Poor Michael had to sweat his Froco Coba balls off when he dressed as the mascot to open Farrah’s yogurt shop last year.)
Farrah says that she wants to break the cycle of hostility and awfulness for her daughter
be recapping this train wreck for your enjoyment once the episodes start airing on WEtv on April 28.
Watch the full “Meet the Abrahams” clip below:
For the love of all that is holy can this family PLEASE go away!
They are all doing this for money..they are so fake
Most dysfunctional family if I ever saw one
Debra-delusional woman who can&#8217;t accept she&#8217;s aging
Michael-delusional man who gets into petty fights with cast mates
These people need real therapy with real professionals
I can&#8217;t wait until they are irrelevant and forgettable
Of course Michael is scared to stand up for himself around these two insane women he has in his life
I suspect Debra used to beat him up and farrah trashes him to no end
I so badly just want to hear Farrah take responsibility for and ownership of her terrible behavior
Typically if you have a difficult relationship with everyone in your life and family
Clearly the years of therapy have not been money (or time) well-spent
I think it&#8217;s odd one of the first things she advertises about herself is her sex tape since she has tried repeatedly to play the victim in that situation also
it was a private tape made with my boyfriend
and all the other pathetic excuses we have heard her spout
I think she has no clue how to have a healthy
respectful relationship and I feel sad for her
Farrah&#8217;s back door antics and a desire to please showed a whole new side of her to her many adoring fans
With her raw talents on display she was able to put her mouth where the money was to prove her worth
I still subscribe to the &#8220;Farrah was molested as a child  and Michael/Debra dismissed it or covered it up
she cannot communicate like a normal human being&#8221; theory
What does Farrah&#8217;s older sister think of this entire situation
Has she peaced out of the family altogether
I believe something happened to her as a kid too
She also modeled as a teen so who knows if she was raped
Whatever happened in her childhood it was enough for her and Dr Jenn to not want it revealed on camera
what Farrah told her was some of the most heartbreaking things she ever had to hear
The jury is out on whether Jenn exaggerated that statement or not but I think we can all agree Farrah isn&#8217;t right in the head
Whatever it is I think it was exacerbated when she decided to film that porno with James Deen
Your username is the best thing I have seen this year lol
Something dark and heinous happened to Farrah
I don&#8217;t understand Farrah&#8217;s fashion sense either&#8230;one minute she&#8217;s dressed like a complete whore
and the next minute she&#8217;s dressed like a 40 year old woman
What&#8217;s the deal with the maternity dress here
I know we are only seeing a snap shot of her life
but she is extremely disrespectful towards EVERYONE
When I think back to her time of celebrity big brother over here
She will never listen to anyone who tells her the truth
and Sophia is going to be just as spiteful as her mother
the difference being she will be worse as she has had a childhood full of money thrown at her
Just please tell me that Debz OG rap music and equipment was left home
FINALLY confront Debra about her baby prostitute makeover and get to the bottom of why the HELL she started dressing like that in her late 50&#8217;s
I literally cannot stand nobody addressing it and acting like it&#8217;s normal
I liked her more when she was sporting those mom jeans
God I hope those sagging suitcases and hereditary and Farrah and So-Fee-Uh end up with them
So many things are happening here I need to process who says you might know me for my sex tape
I think it&#8217;s less of &#8220;you might know me for my sex tape&#8221; and more of &#8220;I desperately hope that by saying &#8216;sex tape&#8217; I can get people to buy a few more.&#8221; I guarantee you that every episode will have at least one plug (no pun intended) for a product
While she says &#8220;I don&#8217;t respond to nay-ga-tive people because God blessed me with a brain&#8221;
Farrah is quite literally the most self-absorbed
There is not anyway a sane person acts like this with no remorse at all
I only came here for Deb&#8217;s outfit #sorrynotsorry
I just wish this whole family would invest some of their money into therapy for ALL of them
I&#8217;ll ask again: What happened to Debra??
She used to argue with Farrah now she cowers in fear
I&#8217;ve always been wondering that as well
So much must have happened during the time TM was on hiatus
but at least enough to understand Deb&#8217;s (sorry: Debz) sudden change in look and character
Now it looks more like Deb&#8217;s evil twin sister locked her up and is pretending to be Deb and miserably failing at doing so
this family makes so little sense it&#8217;s giving me a headache
I especially am baffled by Debra&#8217;s paramour
 He looks Captain Kangaroo on an acid trip
Amber Portwood and Gary Shirley’s daughter Leah has been a fixture on MTV since birth
and while she didn’t initially have a say in appearing on TV
the 16-year-old says the experience has “been a blessing.” 
the Botswana Democratic Party (BDP) has finally nominated Alfred Moatlhaping as their candidate for the Gaborone South constituency
The Central Committee made the decision yesterday
following the recent passing of Dumezweni Mthimkhulu
who had secured the primaries with 1 702 votes against 732 for Kagiso Rantswaneng
and the general elections fast approaching
the BDP was left scrambling to find a suitable replacement
who has been serving as the Secretary General (SG) for Gaborone South was one of the two names thrown into the political ring
Moatlhaping’s sharp political instincts and unflinching dedication to the BDP catapulted him to the top spot
Moatlhaping’s nomination however comes with a catch: He will be forced to step down from his SG position as per the BDP’ constitution
further expressing confidence in the committee’s decision
“He has been nominated and will be our candidate in the coming elections,” the Chairperson stated
signaling the party’s readiness to move forward
Mosupe now faces the challenge of maintaining the momentum built by Mthimkhulu as he will contest against Nelson Ramaotwana of Umbrella for Democratic Change and Oral Mosedame of Botswana Congress Party
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The Voice is a print and online newspaper based in Botswana founded in Francistown in 1993 as The Francistowner Extra
in 1999 it opened offices in the national capital
Shaya’s investigative eye spotted something interesting in the new Mma-Vee’s posts – it appears there’s a chance she could be deceiving us with staged pranks
She recently posted a video titled ‘My first prank in Botswana’ where she takes groceries from an apparent stranger’s trolley
Mampeezy had gone live for an eating contest and guess who featured in the video
the very same ‘stranger’ whose groceries were being pinched
They seemed really familiar with one another in the first video which raised Shaya’s suspicions
Our lovebirds better step up and explain what’s what because something is not adding up
The Miss Supranational event was a night of glitz and glamour that will live long in the memory
it seems all the Gabz influencers and socialites turned up to the pageant but Shaya was stunned to see that it was mostly a$$es being paraded up there
I have been told this design is a new trend but surely it was a style better suited to a fashion parade and not as evening wear
Yours Truly also noticed that none of the ladies brave enough to rock the design made it very far in the competition
I know we say beauty is on the inside but I don’t think you guys are going to be winning any crowns with all that display of nudity
I don’t know if you have heard of these girls but my oh my
Shaya has seen them performing at a number of events in GC and each time they set the place alight
I have been researching more on them and I’m told the group is called C.A.L.M which stands for: Chantel
Unfortunately groups like this never tend to last but Shaya is rooting for this one and wishing them all the best
Shaya recently found out that most of these kids who go to SA to push their DJ’ing are actually unnamed producers behind some of the biggest Amapiano hits
if you want to make a song with a big artist abroad and you’ve proved that you have the skill set to deliver
they tell you to either pay them for the feature recognition or they pay you to be invisible
Most of the upcoming DJs are flat broke and so settle for the money over their brand which is disappointing because it denies them the chance to actually be recognized for their talent
Gate-keeping is a real thing out there I see
After hosting a successful Maun Horse Race over the Easter holidays
The high-flying entrepreneur was spotted having a ball over the weekend at United Lounge VIP area
Shaya saw expensive drinks heading Lepsy and his crew’s way throughout the night
The group eventually left the club in the morning having partied the night away
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A moderate magnitude 4.4 earthquake hit 36&nbsp;km (22&nbsp;mi) away from <a href="place/32485/earthquakes/lepsy.html">Lepsy</a>, <a href="earthquakes/kazakhstan/jetisu.html">Jetisu</a>, &nbsp;<a href="region/4778/earthquakes/kazakhstan.html">Kazakhstan</a>, in the afternoon of Tuesday, Jul 9, 2024 at 4.15 pm local time (Asia/Almaty GMT +5). The depth of the quake could not be determined, but is assumed to be shallow.The quake was not felt (or at least not reported so).
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This December it will be exactly 15 years since I was diagnosed with it
it got immediately frightened and I completely understand why
But when you reach your twenties and get rejected from the third job because it is too dangerous for the company to have you
your confidence level can go down in one second
The international day of epilepsy is February 11
And the color that represents it is purple and it is associated with creativity
I saw how my thinking about having epilepsy changed
How I do not have to apologize for it in each job interview
Companies that value your work and you will never let you down for this
I understood how my personality changed after the first time they diagnosed me and how I am living today
today I can say that even the fact that it&rsquo;s for the rest of my life does not scare me
But I want people that have it to not feel as you were expelled from society
These illustrations that I did shows how life can flow in so many ways and how we do not even know where it will take us
They are meant to be abstract because each of us has a different idea of what this epilepsy thing is
It is something that we need to be aware of
but we do not need to make those people that have it feel bad about themselves.&nbsp;
More info: <a target="_blank" href="https://www.behance.net/gallery/84443549/Epi(c)lepsy-prints-Illustrations" class=" staff-link" rel="nofollow">behance.net</a>
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