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Oct 16 (IANS) The mayor of a small town in south Mexico's Oaxaca state has died after being stabbed due to "interpersonal" conflict
The victim became the second mayor killed in the country in less than 10 days
was murdered on October 6 just days after taking office
the mayor of Candelaria Loxicha with a population of 11,166
was stabbed to death as a result of an "interpersonal" conflict
the Oaxaca State Prosecutor's Office said Tuesday on X
The injured victim was admitted to a community clinic "where he subsequently lost his life as a result of the injuries he suffered during an assault with a knife
which according to initial investigations indicate that it was an interpersonal incident," said the office
"We regret this event and send our deepest condolences to his family
The Prosecutor's Office is already working on the case and we will ensure that this event does not go unpunished," said state governor Salomon Jara on X
2012)_India’s forestry authorities need to rethink joint management efforts with local communities after a new research shows that indigenous peoples participating in such programs have developed negative perceptions about state forests
“This is completely novel in forestry literature — the notion that people’s participation in management negatively affects their perception of forests,” says Claude Garcia
a scientist at the Center for International Forestry Research
“It demonstrates that something’s clearly not working in the old way of doing joint forestry management
The study
the French Institute of Pondicherry and Victoria Reyes Garcia from the Autonomous University of Barcelona
interviewed 247 indigenous people on the slopes of the Western Ghats mountain range in the state of Karnataka
Thirty-four individuals participated with the state forestry department in joint management committees
set up as part of a 1988 federal law devolving decision making to local communities
The law aimed to break down a long-standing tension between conservation areas and their tribal neighbors
But a significant number of the tribal joint management participants had soured on the process
Garcia says they felt they weren’t being listened to and were sacrificing time and wages to join the committee meetings
And there was no apparent long-term benefit for participants who joined the committees
“Participation is not the panacea,” Garcia says
“It needs to be accompanied by a real devolution of power and duties.”
The state forest department could go a long way toward improving peoples’ benefit from forests by fully implementing India’s Forest Rights Act of 2006
which grants indigenous communities access to forest resources
Other studies have documented forestry officials’ reluctance to open protected areas to indigenous peoples’ use
for fear of losing control over the resources
Forest managers also fear forest conversion if land is ceded back to forest dwellers: many beneficiaries of the Forest Rights Act are admittedly only concerned with obtaining title deeds to forest lands in order to start agricultural development
Forest communities have also shown little interest in engaging in sustainable forest management
That’s due in part to the fact that timber and non-timber forest resources aren’t available to villagers in the first place
even though the Forest Rights Act grants rights to those resources
Villagers used to working in a wage-geared
21st century economy also have raised expectations about the level of livelihood they want to earn from forest lands
Garcia suggests looking to new management models that would accommodate a range of community interests in managing forests
Mexico’s ejido model offers a good example: some communal ejido lands are managed by for-profit enterprises
while others are geared toward more community-oriented subsistence activities
A similar model in India could accommodate tribal demands to earn livelihoods from forests
And it would another step toward reinvigorating the process of engaging forest communities
“The ideas about community control need to be reinvented in India,” Garcia says
Local Community Attitudes toward Forests Outside Protected Areas in India. Impact of Legal Awareness, Trust, and Participation.
The emergence, persistence and current challenges of coffee forest gardens: A case study from Candelaria Loxicha, Oaxaca, Mexico
Back to the forest: Exploring forest transitions in Candelaria Loxicha, Mexico
The role of non-timber forest products in household coping strategies in South Africa: The influence of household wealth and gender
What Mexican coffee varietal are you most excited about right now
Geisha coffees have been trending for last years
we have to be cautious about thinking we know them well
because the flavor profile we know is from where it was discovered: Panama
Since the variety has now been adapted to high-altitude territories in Mexico
the first crop we are seeing has very subtle flavors and aromas of jasmine
This varietal shows great promise for the coming years
Oro Azteca, which was produced on the 80s, wasn’t known for the quality on the cup it produces, but recently, to the surprise of many, it has been featured in blends of varieties with good results; it has even made it into the list of finalists in the Cup of Excellence coffee competition. And my all-time favorite is Pluma Hidalgo
a Typica progeny that was first cultivated in Mexico and introduced to the area known as Pluma
within the Candelaria-Loxicha region of Oaxaca
What is the best place to purchase whole-bean Mexican coffee in the city
Any recognized specialty coffee shop should be a good place to start
but even better would be to go to the sources where those shops source their beans: the roasters
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Almanegra, Av. Universidad 420-A, Benito Juárez, Narvarte Poniente, Mexico City, Mexico, +52 015541625899
Polvora Tostadores, Av División del Norte 4418 Local E, Tlalpan, 3a Sección Prado Coapa, Mexico City, Mexico
What is one thing most people don’t know about Mexican coffee that they should
That most coffee served in specialty coffee shops was meant to be exported
as Mexico’s best beans tend to get shipped out of the country
so other countries are going to start exporting coffee to Mexico where demand is growing
which will make drinking specialty Mexican coffee in Mexico an even bigger deal
Mexican Coffee | © Joe Driscoll / Flickr
Where can you get the best cup of coffee in the city
and the best piece of sweet bread to accompany it
Almanegra, Av. Universidad 420-A, Benito Juárez, Narvarte Poniente, Mexico City, Mexico, +52 015541625899
Casa de Fuego/Cucurucho, Río Nazas 52, Cuauhtémoc, Mexico City, Mexico
Café Avellaneda, Higuera 40-A, Coyoacán, La Concepción, Mexico City, Mexico, +52 015565533441
What are the three most interesting coffee projects happening in Mexico City right now
a website with an interactive map of specialty coffee shops in the city and listings of events and information about the local coffee world
Lydia Carey is a freelance writer and translator based out of Mexico City
She has worked as an editor and writer for various publications including Mexico's English–language newspaper The News
International Living and The Latin Kitchen among others
Lydia has been blogging and writing in Mexico for over a decade and lives a double life as a local tour guide in her adoptive hometown
You can find her on the street eating tacos or at her blog www.mexicocitystreets.com
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Enrique López could be considered the Heston Blumenthal of the coffee producing world
Much like the cooking sensation’s love of molecular gastronomy
Enrique is an advocate for processing innovation and experimenting with concepts and theories not yet tried before
For more than 12 years I have enjoyed discovering different flavour notes and sensory attributes in the same coffee
which is only achieved by trying different methods of washed
as well as experimenting with variations of these same processes,” Enrique says
“I look for innovation in coffee processes in order to find coffee characteristics I like: balanced acidity
Enrique says his most innovative experiment involved gathering the genetic material of 24 different coffee plants to develop an uncommon varietal
He is also excited to see what evolves from a dwarf Colombian Gesha he planted a few years ago
which turned into a natural local mutation he named Gesha Chelín
Enrique will have the first bean samples to try
Always in search of new methods to improve the quality of his coffee
Enrique has developed a new processing method called Hydronatural
Enrique warns that there’s a fine line between pushing the boundaries of experimentation
Enrique’s coffee farming career is bittersweet
Coffee cultivation has been engrained in his family since 1910 when his Aunt Abuela founded Finca La Oaxaqueña in Candelaria Loxicha
His father also founded a farm called Santa Cruz in 1956
Enrique had no interest in coffee consumption nor continuing the family farming tradition until his father
“My family asked me to visit my father’s farm and decide if I wanted to manage it,” he recalls
Enrique had little knowledge of coffee production
He had studied commercial aviation and accounting and finance at university
“I believe that my destiny was actually to be a coffee producer
even though my father passed away without knowing I followed in his footsteps,” Enrique says
“My father only studied up until the third grade
yet he was still able to build a successful coffee farm
[He] gave me the opportunity to study whatever I wanted
so the least I could do for him was learn about coffee.”
Enrique left Finca Santa Cruz and Las Nubes in the hands of his brothers to manage
and set himself the goal to create the same coffee farming experience his father once had
He bought 50 hectares of land in Candelaria Loxicha in Oaxaca
Enrique began his late introduction to coffee farming by self-learning about agriculture
Enrique is recognised as one of the industry’s most progressive coffee producers
Each of Oaxaca’s seven coffee producing regions has a different microclimate
but all have ideal conditions to grow and produce excellent coffees
which Enrique describes as “fog forest”: dense
plentiful land with a magical appeal as fog creeps over hilltops in the mornings and evenings
The majority of coffees are cultivated at 1000 metres above sea level
but there are places that cultivate coffee higher than 1500 metres above sea level
The region is home to many smallholder farmers and producers that share one or two hectares of land
“When I made the decision to take over my father’s farms in Chiapas
I said to myself: ‘If I was going to dedicate myself to producing coffees
“My success is largely a result of Finca Chelín’s microclimate and agro-ecological practices in full respect for nature.”
Enrique’s coffee grows in an agroforestry of more than 130 shade trees per hectare
Enrique produces no more than 20 quintals (about 2000 kilograms) per hectare
Coffee disease La Roya devastated almost 50 per cent of the production in Mexico in 2015
Enrique added nutritional fertiliser to his farm’s compost
a sustainable approach that had a positive affect
La Roya affected just 10 per cent of Finca Chelín’s harvest
Enrique was awarded third place for his coffee in an Ecom Trading contest in Chiapas
and in 2004 he won first place in the International Certified Organic Competition
organised by the Mexican Coffee Council and the Organic Crop Improvement Association
including first place at the 2015 Best of Oaxaca cupping competition
and being a finalist in others where the quality of coffee is rewarded
Enrique’s coffee is sold to clients in Mexico and abroad
including Australia and Toby’s Estate Coffee
He says it’s impossible to satisfy all the demands from around the world
and over the next two years will see results from 20 other varietals including Zolok
To share his passion for quality and farming innovation
an institute of coffee courses and seminars
The institute aims to empower other Mexican farmers to share their knowledge with other small coffee producers
“It’s my hope that all Mexican farmers can improve their productivity
and understanding of specialty coffee,” Enrique says
“I share my experiences and some processes that can help other farmers to preserve the quality of their beans
and more effective work practices to manage their crops and nutrition programs.”
This article appears in the June edition of BeanScene. To read the story in FULL, subscribe now
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