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integrative learning experience will be accepted on a space-available basis until May
After two years of success in Ecuador, the Lehigh Launch program will be moving to Chile next year
and faculty director Hugo Ceron-Anaya believes it will offer participating students a truly unique and enriching experience
“I sincerely think that it will be a fantastic opportunity for the students,” said Ceron-Anaya, an associate professor of sociology at Lehigh, whose research expertise lies in Latin America
“We’re going to have a great set of courses
a city that has a lot to offer for students that they’ll be really interested in and enjoy
A mural of Salvador Allende in the Yungay neighborhood
Lehigh Launch is an experiential, integrative learning experience for first-year Lehigh University students of any major. High school students and families interested in applying or seeking more information can visit the Lehigh Launch website
The Fall 2024 cohort is still accepting applications on a space-available basis until May
“It’s incredibly rewarding to start getting to know these students when they are seniors in high school and then to witness all the personal and academic growth they experience before they even arrive on the Lehigh campus for the spring semester,” said Katy Rene, assistant director of Study Abroad at Lehigh
“I have also been so impressed by all the ways our program alumni are getting involved and pursuing additional international
research and co-curricular activities offered by the university,” Rene said
Ceron-Anaya has several trips and visits planned for Lehigh Launch Chile
including one to the beautiful Chiloé Island
which includes the Chiloé National Park and the Tantauco Park nature reserve
Inhabited by indigenous communities for the last roughly 600 years
the students will speak to local communities about how they reconcile tourism with nature
the capital city of Chile’s Coquimbo Region
which is particularly well known for its beaches
It is also one of the sites where Charles Darwin stopped during his South American scientific expedition
due to the wide variety of ecosystems found there
Ceron-Anaya plans to teach one of his most popular Lehigh courses: “Race and Ethnicity in the Americas,” which takes a comparative approach to looking at Latin America and the U.S
and how each side of the continent develops their racial and ethnic ideas
Santiago has so much to offer the students
There is so much to do for anyone interested in art
He also plans to offer a new course called “Utopias in the Current World,” which will delve into contemporary efforts to create better and more harmonious societies by drawing on past attempts to create utopian societies
“I decided to go against all the messages in popular culture about the dystopian futures you see on shows at places like Netflix and Prime,” Ceron-Anaya said
“I want the students to think about a future that is not a misery for everybody
a future that is very different from what popular culture feeds us these days.”
the students will visit the Mamalluca Observatory
a complex of astronomical telescopes and instruments near La Serena
The observatory fits into Ceron-Anaya’s class about utopias
because it will help students think about the role science and technology plays in creating a positive future for everybody
Lehigh Launch Chile participants will be staying in different locations across three adjacent neighborhoods in Santiago
and a wide variety of cafes and small restaurants
The city is also very walkable and bicycle-friendly
“Santiago has so much to offer the students,” Ceron-Anaya said
“There is so much to do for anyone interested in art
Ceron-Anaya expects Lehigh Launch Chile participants to spend a lot of time visiting Santiago museums
and he will be inviting artists and writers to speak to the students
It’s also easy to visit other countries and places from Santiago
It’s very affordable to travel to nearby Argentina
and bus services are available to the Andes mountain range
“Latin American studies will help our students develop a sophistication about the world in a different way than they will find in European countries,” he said
with all the sort of problems that come with that
Lehigh Launch Chile is the sister program to Lehigh Launch American West
which began in 2020 and features programs in the Rocky Mountains and field-based learning in Wyoming and New Mexico
Applications for Lehigh Launch American West is currently accepting applications for the Fall
The Building Futures Workshop is first of its type held in India
the experiential learning experience for first-year Lehigh students will be offered in Chile
For inquiries, visit the media page or contact:
Amy White(610) 758-6656abw210@lehigh.edu
301 Broadway, 4th Floor - Suite 400Bethlehem, PA 18015U.S.A.P: (610) 758-4487Fax: (610) 758-5566communications@lehigh.edu
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The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints recently donated more than 330 personalized wheelchairs and mobility accessories to the state of Tamaulipas in Mexico
wife of Governor Américo Villarreal Anaya and president of the state System for Integral Family Development
presided at the official handover ceremony
Together they recognized the trained therapists who personalize wheelchairs for different users’ needs
María de la Luz Santiago invited the beneficiaries of the donation to be “messengers of peace.”
“I thank all those who have participated in the good atmosphere that has been created around the service,” said María de la Luz Santiago
“I hope this is the beginning of many more projects where we can collaborate for the well-being of the people of Tamaulipas.”
“Through this donation we seek to improve the mobility and health of people who have a physical disability,” said Alberto Sagástegui
a local Latter-day Saint leader who made the donation on behalf of the Church
“Our objective is to work together with local organizations to understand the needs of the population
in addition to training people and caregivers
as well as providing support for the repair and maintenance of donated items.”
“We are a religious organization that provides assistance without regard to race
and the help we give is based on the basic principles of personal responsibility
self-sufficiency and sustainability,” he said
This article was originally published on Spanish Newsroom
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The First Presidency is calling new temple presidents and matrons to serve in 72 temples around the world in 2022
The new temple leaders will begin service in September
Their names and temple assignments are listed below
Durban South Africa — Edward W. Baldwin and Vanessa A. Baldwin
Johannesburg South Africa — Michael S. Wrench and Ann L. Wrench
Aba Nigeria — Adesina J. Olukanni and Folashade Olukanni
Hong Kong China — YueSang Simon Chan and Isabel KitFong Chan
Sapporo Japan — Makoto Ono and Michiko Ono
Campinas Brazil — Cleto P. Oliveira and Márcia Agra de Oliveira
Curitiba Brazil — Victor E. Tavares and Edglê Tavares
Santo Domingo Dominican Republic — Leonardo C. Dominguez Joa and Ana Melo de Dominguez
Quetzaltenango Guatemala — to be announced
Copenhagen Denmark — Eric Otteson and Elizabeth A. Otteson
Frankfurt Germany — Lehi K. Schwartz and Gudrun Schwartz
Lisbon Portugal — Edison I. Tsuchiya and M. Manuela Tsuchiya
London England — Roderick K. Anatsui and Josephine A. Anatsui
Paris France — Dominique M. Lucas and Josiane M. Lucas
Rome Italy — James A. Toronto and Diane Toronto
Kyiv Ukraine — Borys E. Vyshnevskyi and Alla Ivanovna Vysnevska
Ciudad Juárez Mexico — José Bonilla Griz and Hilda de Bonilla
Guadalajara Mexico — Sergio M. Anaya Morales and Gloria E. Rodriguez de Anaya
Mérida Mexico — Sergio M. Saavedra Melendez and Liz María Hernandez de Saavedra
Mexico City Mexico — Miguel A. Fernandez Sanchez and Martha I. Salas de Fernandez
Monterrey Mexico — Francisco Zapata Orozco and María Esther Marin de Zapata
Tampico Mexico — José Vicencio Cruz and María Hilda Pérez de Vicencio
Calgary Alberta — G. Lawrence Spackman and Flora E. Spackman
Cardston Alberta — F. Brent Thomas and Carolyn J. Thomas
Chicago Illinois — Jack D. Ward and Sharmon O. Ward
Fort Collins Colorado — Wallace L. Stock and Jan E. Stock
Helena Montana — David S. Heap and Mary Heap
Idaho Falls Idaho — P. Michael Poston and Wanda K. Poston
Nauvoo Illinois — Chris V. Church and Jane H. Church
Rexburg Idaho — Ryan M. Kunz and Ranae Kunz
St. Paul Minnesota — Robert L. Foote and Kally H. Foote
Star Valley Wyoming — Kirk E. Hathaway and S. Darlene Hathaway
Twin Falls Idaho — Reed J. Harris and Kathleen C. Harris
Winter Quarters Nebraska — David G. Pincock and FaDene Pincock
Halifax Nova Scotia — Thomas W. Drennan and Valerie J. Drennan
Hartford Connecticut — James Forsberg and Roberta J. Forsberg
Montreal Quebec — E. Paul Arsenault and Susanna Arsenault
Philadelphia Pennsylvania — to be announced
Richmond Virginia — Larry J. Willis and Sandra M. Willis
Birmingham Alabama — Brian M. Williams and Machiel Williams
Orlando Florida — Brent R. Holladay and Dana Holladay
Dallas Texas — Stuart Alleman and Cindy Alleman
Gilbert Arizona — Leonard Greer and Julie Greer
Reno Nevada — David A. Haws and Joani Haws
Anchorage Alaska — Rodney D. Metcalf and Terry L. Metcalf
Columbia River Washington — Kelly W. Brown and Sharon Brown
Feather River California — John Hoybjerg and Valerie L. Hoybjerg
Medford Oregon — Kelly E Thompson and Kristen Thompson
Oakland California — John C. Hodgman and Victoria J. Hodgman
Portland Oregon — Lawrence P. Blunck and Karen J. Blunck
Spokane Washington — Jeffrey C. Elmer and Margaret S. Elmer
Melbourne Australia — Andreas Schwabe and Janet Schwabe
Perth Australia — Leonas V. Alekna and Glenda R. Alekna
Manila Philippines — Edison M. Cabrito and Florciele P. Cabrito
Cochabamba Bolivia — Rogelio Coca Aldunate and Blanca de Coca
Lima Peru — Alejandro A. Mora and Blanca Mora
Quito Ecuador — Fernando Aguirre Sosa and Ana Lucia de Aguirre
Asunción Paraguay — Oscar Machuca Gonzalez and María Grau de Machuca
Jordan River Utah — J. Scott Lundberg and Laurie Lundberg
Provo Utah — James W. Barry and Marilyn T. Barry
Saratoga Springs Utah — Lon W. Sorensen and Marie Sorensen
St. George Utah — Keith R. Reber and Stephanie M. Reber
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The winner of a Europa Nostra Award in 2022, PAX Patios de la Axerquía is a program initiated in 2018 by a group of people belonging to the fields of architecture and anthropology
created with the mission of incentivizing urban refurbishments through social innovation and cooperative processes in areas of heritage value
The collective begins the implementation of the program in the city of Córdoba
This pilot project – after the formation of PAX Astronautas
a cooperative composed of six families – involves revamping a tenement house at Calle Montero 12 in the Axerquía neighborhood
In the past inhabited by eighteen families and awarded several times in the Courtyards Festival of Córdoba
the intervention restores the building’s architectural value
and also its ecological and anthropological component
saving it from a tourist use that would compromise the collective worth of this piece of heritage as well as the livability of the old quarter
Rediscovering the beauty of the inner landscape of this tenement house has unearthed the history of its plastered walls
such as the well or parts of the hydraulic flooring
but never in a way that undermines the desire to achieve a contemporary design
The ecology of the courtyard has received special attention through active strategies
All this contributes to updating a material piece of heritage
The result is a contemporary exaltation of the eco-social importance of the courtyard in Cordóba and Mediterranean cities in general
and an assertion of its resilience in the face of forces like touristification and climate change
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Show Breaking News BarCloseLocal NewsZaria Oates
Matthew Craig
Texas Governor Greg Abbott has since directed the deployment of 135 Texas first responders to help fight the West Coast fires and respond to emergencies
The crews of first responders from Texas are made up of the Texas Division of Emergency Management
the Texas Intrastate Fire Mutual Aid System
and the Texas Emergency Medical Task Force
led by New Braunfels firefighter Jeremy VanAusdall
“We’re currently assigned to the Palisades fire in Malibu
The Alamo Strike Team has first responders from Bexar-Bulverde
“This is unprecedented weather for early January in California,” VanAusdall said
to see this type of fire behavior this early in January
This is devastation beyond anything that I’ve ever seen.”
Three of the 22 members of the Alamo Strike Team are from New Braunfels
“The pride for me is that our members aren’t just going to assist from an operations standpoint,” said the New Braunfels Fire Department Chief Ruy Lozano
“Many of them are leaders in those endeavors.”
he said nothing compares to what he is seeing in the Palisades right now
“Humbled this morning to drive essentially from the West Side of the fire to the East Side of the fire all along the coastline and saw some pretty devastating sights,” VanAusdall said
“That’s something that I’ve never seen in my life for sure.”
the South Texas teams working on these fires are prepared
we did send out two different deployments,” said Chris Shadrock
which has one first responder fighting fires in California
we sent firefighters out to the Abilene-West Texas area
and then we also sent firefighters out to the Texas Panhandle Smokehouse Creek Fire
which ended up being the largest one in the state,” Shadrock said
VanAusdall said they’re committed to 14 days of 24-hour and 24-hour off shifts
If South Texas services are needed beyond that timeframe
additional first responders are ready to serve
“There is an anticipated wind event in the next in the next 24 hours,” VanAusdall said
“We’re essentially pre-positioning for initial attack on any fire that could happen
whether it’s from this fire or another one.”
He also said first responders are currently in the best possible scenario to attack these fires as wind speeds increase
“There are over 5,000 firefighters assigned to this fire,” VanAusdall said
“There are crews strategically positioned around the entire perimeter of this fire today.”
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Thursday, December 30, 2021 5:00 PM to 8:00 PM EST Dykstra Funeral Homes Mulder Chapel 188 West 32nd Street Holland, MI 49423 (616) 392-2348
Driving Directions
Francis de Sales Catholic Church 171 West 13th Street Holland
who she met in seventh grade and together they enjoyed 58 wonderful years of marriage
Mireles vacationed in Texas frequently to visit family
which was especially important to both of them
Esmeralda was very active in her grandchildren's lives
They will always remember her love and support
she was employed by Sligh Furniture where she worked alongside her husband
Esmeralda loved red and Cardinal birds and when you visited her home
you were greeted by her many Cardinal bird figurines
especially when the grandkids were over and she had a fondness for sewing dresses for special occasions
Rene (Gretchen) Mireles; 19 Grandchildren; 17 Great Grandchildren; sisters
María Guadalupe Cantú and Delfina Hernández
She was preceded in death by her husband Inocencio Mireles Jr
Domingo Hernández & José Santiago Hernández
The family will receive visitors from 5:00pm to 8:00pm
A Mass of Christian Burial will be held at 12:00pm
with visitation one hour prior to the mass
Interment will be in Pilgrim Home Cemetery
Facial coverings are required at the funeral home and at St
Funeral arrangements are under the auspices of the Mulder Chapel
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a gift of gab is a key asset Raul Anaya gets to know some clients through fishing
“You spend seven hours of quality time with the client
You get to know them very well when it’s just you and the client on a boat
Print The gig: Raul Anaya
is Bank of America’s market president for Greater Los Angeles
making him the bank’s top local executive and one of its most public faces in town
He’s held that post since 2012 and this year added a new role: head of global commercial banking for the bank’s Pacific Southwest region
never made it past elementary school and worked in an auto-body repair shop; his mother
had a high school diploma and worked as an elementary school assistant teacher
was the first in his family to go to college
You really need to have a better type of position than what I’m doing.”
the family moved to the south Texas border town of Brownsville — “You can’t get any closer to Mexico” — where his father started his own business
mostly to persuade him to aspire to another line of work
“He wanted me to watch what he was doing and how physical and difficult his work was.”
K-Mart: Anaya married young and worked his way through the University of Texas at Brownsville while supporting a family
he worked as a supervisor at Kmart and as a checker at grocery chain HEB
But wanting to get into the world of business
he found a job as a teller at Texas Commerce Bank
“I didn’t want to be a store manager for Kmart
and I felt I wasn’t getting any hands-on experience.”
Anaya met commercial bankers — the ones who would meet with business owners and offer loans
“Being a commercial banker in Brownsville was a big thing
the business owners of that city and of the region.”
putting Anaya in charge of the bank’s commercial lending group in San Antonio and south Texas
“I think he saw in me somebody who worked hard
that liked to connect with people and was always trying to build relationships.”
something he knows has helped him along the way
so I tend to ask a lot of questions.” He said that helps him understand what his clients need
On the fly: Though golf is the standard sport of bankers
He prefers fishing and takes some of his clients to Montana for a fishing trip
Personal: Anaya lives in Pasadena with his wife
Anaya also has three children from his first marriage: two grown daughters
He roots for the Los Angeles Clippers — and advised Shelly Sterling on the $2-billion sale of the team last year
james.koren@latimes.com
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NEW YORK PREMIERE Kemonito, a beloved mascot of the Mexico World Wrestling Council, has suffered many injuries, but he can’t retire and lose his only means to support his family. – DeWitt Davis
The first screening will be followed by a Q&A with filmmakers and special guests.
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When presenting the campaign that will celebrate that birthday, the director of the cultural institution, Orlando Vergés, expressed the intention of opening a new stage, with dynamics and ways of doing that further favor the work of a unique group in the country and the world.
He reaffirmed the uniqueness of the House, where specialists and other workers who unfold as promoters, managers and producers of the cultural event work, in proven synergy with the groups that carry demonstrations settled deep within the national and regional identity.
He particularly highlighted the 40 editions of the Caribbean International Festival, a meeting of cultural resistance that has survived, almost uninterruptedly, hurricanes, earthquakes and other natural phenomena, in addition to the coup in Honduras when it was dedicated to that country in 2009.
For her part, Daniela Anaya, deputy director of the center, referred to the program in preparation, which includes a prolonged rumba, the colloquium dedicated to the 80 years of the founder, Joel James; visual arts exhibitions, competitions, tributes to personalities and artistic shows.
She referred, in particular, to the allegorical poster and spot, already on display, together with the audiovisual capsules that will celebrate the event, thanks to the performance of Buena Luz Producciones, by the renowned photographer Rubén Aja and with the collaboration of other filmmakers .
A sample of the painter Michel Mirabal, consecrated to the Virgin of Charity of Copper, will be one of the attractions of the meeting that next January will evoke the birth of James, historian, essayist and narrator who was, until his death in June 2006, the nurturing soul of the House.
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Officers booked Santiago Rodriguez-Sosa on suspicion of burglary, cocaine possession, property damage, larceny and possession of stolen or lost credit cards.
Email notifications are only sent once a day, and only if there are new matching items.
Police said officers arrested a Santa Fe man after finding him at Anaya’s Towing with auto parts in his car that they said had been stolen from the west-side business and possibly an auto body shop.
According to police reports, Officer Dale Meek was patrolling Clark Road just after midnight Sunday when he saw a Chevy Suburban parked at the intersection of Clark Road and Industrial Road, a short walk from Anaya’s Towing. The truck was filled with auto parts, and so the officer called for backup, reports state.
Police saw Rodriguez-Sosa in front of a 2003 Ford Expedition that belonged to Anaya’s Towing, which police later accused Rodriguez-Sosa of breaking into the vehicle, the reports said. Officers also seized 1.1 grams of cocaine and four credit cards that each belonged to different individuals and businesses, documents said.
Police records show Anaya’s Towing reported eight burglaries in a little over two months.
Rodriguez-Sosa told officers in Spanish he was permitted to stay at Anaya’s Towing while he underwent a divorce and searched for housing. One of the owners told police this was not true.
According to court records, Rodriguez-Sosa in the past six months was charged with possession of a controlled substance. In 2017, he was charged with aggravated assault and assault on a household member.
He was being held Monday in the Santa Fe County jail in lieu of bond.
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Volume 6 - 2021 | https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2021.646909
This article is part of the Research TopicScience Education for Citizenship through Socio-Scientific issuesView all 9 articles
Few people question the important role of critical thinking in students becoming active citizens; however
the way science is taught in schools continues to be more oriented toward “what to think” rather than “how to think.” Researchers understand critical thinking as a tool and a higher-order thinking skill necessary for being an active citizen when dealing with socio-scientific information and making decisions that affect human life
which the pandemic of COVID-19 provides many opportunities for
The outbreak of COVID-19 has been accompanied by what the World Health Organization (WHO) has described as a “massive infodemic.” Fake news covering all aspects of the pandemic spread rapidly through social media
This paper reports on an empirical study carried out during the lockdown in Spain (March–May 2020) with a group of secondary students (N = 20) engaged in diverse online activities that required them to practice critical thinking and argumentation for dealing with coronavirus information and disinformation
The main goal is to examine students’ competence at engaging in argumentation as critical assessment in this context
Discourse analysis allows for the exploration of the arguments and criteria applied by students to assess COVID-19 news headlines
The results show that participants were capable of identifying true and false headlines and assessing the credibility of headlines by appealing to different criteria
although most arguments were coded as needing only a basic epistemic level of assessment
and only a few appealed to the criterion of scientific procedure when assessing the headlines
The case of the COVID-19 pandemic shows the crucial importance of socio-scientific instruction toward students’ development of critical thinking (CT) for citizenship
we aim to explore students’ ability to critically engage in the assessment of the credibility of COVID-19 claims during a moment in which fake news disseminated by social media was shared by the general public and disinformation on the virus was easier to access than real news
We will first discuss the crucial role of CT to address controversial issues and to fight against the rise of misinformation on COVID-19; and then turn attention to the role of argumentation in students’ development of CT in SSI instruction in epistemic education
such as argumentation understood as the evaluation of claims based on evidence
when they must assess the validity of information that affects not only them as individuals but also the whole society and environment
CT may equip citizens to discard fake news and to use appropriate criteria to evaluate information
This requires the design and implementation of specific CT tasks
We see active learning methodologies and real-word problems such as SSIs as appropriate contexts for CT development
engaging students in CT and epistemic performance
If we want students to learn to think critically about the claims they will encounter on social media
they need to practice argumentation as critical evaluation
which is cognitive engagement in epistemic assessment
Epistemic assessment encompasses in our study the evaluation of the content of claims disseminated by media
Aligned with these authors we understand that this process requires cognitive and metacognitive competences
epistemic assessment needs adequate disciplinary knowledge
but also meta-cognitive competence for recognizing unsupported beliefs
This paper examines students’ competence to engage in argumentation and CT in an online task that requires them to critically assess diverse information presented in media headlines on COVID-19. Competence in general can be defined as “a disposition to succeed with a certain aim” (Sosa, 2015
is at its core a dispositional ability to discern the true from the false in a certain domain
being the research questions that drive the analysis of the following:
What is the competence of students to assess the credibility of COVID-19 information appearing in news headlines
What is the level of epistemic assessment showed in students’ arguments according to the criteria appealed while assessing COVID-19 news headlines
A teaching sequence about COVID-19 was designed at the beginning of the lockdown in Spain (Mid-March 2020) in response to the rise of misinformation about coronavirus on the internet and social media
The design process involved collaboration between the first and second author (researchers in science education) and the third author (a biology teacher in secondary education)
The participants are a group of twenty secondary students (14–15 years old)
from a state public school located in a well-known seaside village in Galicia (Spain)
They were mostly from middle-class families and within an average range of ability and academic achievement
Students were from the same classroom and participated in previous online activities as part of their biology classes
who collaborated on previous studies on CT and learning science through epistemic practices on health controversies
The activities were integrated in their biology curriculum and carried out when participants received instruction on the topics of health
Google Forms was used for the design and implementation of all activities included in the sequence
The reason to select Google Forms is that it is free and a well-known tool for online surveys
all students were familiar with its use before the lockdown and the teacher valued its usefulness for engaging them in online debates and in their own evaluation processes
This online resource provides anonymous results and statistics that the teacher could share with the students for debates
It needs to be highlighted that during the lockdown students did not have the same work conditions; particularly
quality and availability of access to the internet differed among them
They had 1 week to complete each task and the teacher could be consulted anytime if they had difficulties or any question regarding the activities
The design was inspired by a previous one carried out by the authors when the first case of Ebola disease was introduced in Spain (Puig et al., 2016)
and follows a constructivist and scientific-based approach
in which students were required to express their own views and knowledge on COVID-19 and health notions related with it
before then being progressively involved in the application of knowledge through the practice of modeling and argumentation
The third activity engaged them in critical evaluation of COVID-19 information
A more detailed description of the activities carried out in the different steps of the sequence is provided below
An individual Google Forms survey around some notions and health concepts that appear in social media during the lockdown
The second part of this stage is the focus of our analysis
COVID-19 News Headlines provided to students
The sequence ended with the creation of a short video in which the students had to provide some tips to avoid the transmission of the virus
The information provided in the video must be supported and based on established scientific knowledge
Code scheme for research questions 1 and 2
we distributed the arguments in two main categories: (1) Arguments that question the credibility of the information; (2) Arguments that do not question the credibility of the information
For Research Question 2, we classify arguments that question the credibility of the headline in accordance with the level of epistemic assessment into three levels (see Table 2)
and high) was established by the authors based on the criteria that students applied and expressed explicitly or implicitly in their arguments
thus the categories were not pre-established; they were coded by the authors as the following: content (using the knowledge that each student has about the topic)
source (questioning the origin of the information)
evidence (appealing to empirical evidence as real live situations that students experienced)
authority (justifying according to who supports or is behind the claim) and scientific procedure (drawing on the evolution of scientific knowledge)
most students were able to distinguish fallacious from true headlines
which was an important step to assess their credibility
students were able to question their credibility
most participants developed arguments supporting them
the arguments elaborated by students appealed to different criteria discussed in the next section of results
147 arguments were elaborated by students to question the false headlines; they created just 22 arguments to assess the true ones
as arguments for questioning or criticality appear more frequently when the information presented differs from students’ opinions
Number of students who questioned or not each news headline on COVID-19
Students showed a higher capacity for questioning those claims they considered false or fake news
which can be related to the need to justify properly why they consider them false and/or what should be said to counter them
The headlines that were most controversial
meaning they created diverse positions among students
were these three: “The COVID-19 virus can be transmitted in areas with hot and humid climates,” “Skin manifestations (urticaria
rashes…) could be among the mild symptoms of coronavirus” and “Antibiotics are effective in preventing and treating coronavirus infection.”
The first two were questioned by 11 students out of 28
they were not familiar with this information
“I think the heat is not good for the virus.” On the contrary
17 students did not question these headlines
arguing for instance as this student did: “because it was shown that both in hot climates and in cold climates it is contagious in the same way.”
A similar situation happened with the third headline
A proportion of students (9 out of 28) accepted that antibiotics could help to treat COVID-19
showing in their answers some misunderstanding regarding the use of antibiotics and the diseases they could treat
The rest of the participants (19 out of 28) questioned this headline
affirming that “because antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections and coronavirus is a virus,” among other justifications for why it was false
To analyze the level of epistemic assessment showed in students’ arguments when dealing with each headline, attention was focused on the criteria students applied (see Table 2). As Table 4 summarizes
almost all arguments included only one criterion (139 out of 169)
and 28 out of 169 did not incorporate any criterion
These types of arguments can be interpreted as low epistemic assessment
or even without epistemic assessment if no criterion is included
Arguments used by students to assess the credibility of each COVID-19 headline
In the category of Basic Epistemic Assessment
we include all students’ arguments that included one criterion: Content or Empirical Evidence
Students assessed the content of the claim appealing to their own knowledge about that piece of information or to empirical evidence
without posing critical questions for assessing the credibility of the source of information
were included in students’ arguments with a frequency of 86 and 23
with this category the most common (109 out of 169) when questioning false and true headlines
arguments under this category were identified in relation to headlines 2 and 4
whose credibility were questioned by appealing to the content
such as: “those are not the symptoms (skin manifestations)”
Examples of arguments assessing the content of false headlines are provided below:
“Because the virus is inside the body
and even if you injected alcohol into the body it would only cause intoxication”
appealing to the fact that alcohol causes intoxication rather than the elimination of coronavirus
“I know a person who had coronavirus and they only gave him paracetamol”
the student rejects headline 6 and appeals to his/her own experience during the pandemic
particularly a close person who had coronavirus
as evidence against the use of antibiotics for coronavirus disease treatment
The category Medium Epistemic Assessment gathers arguments that make critical questions
particularly those asking for information about the authority or the source of information
these criteria reflect a higher level of epistemic performance since they imply questioning beyond the veracity of the headline itself to its sources and authorship
There are 20 out of 169 arguments coded within this category
The assessment of true headlines includes arguments that question the authority and source
“because they said it on the news” (headline 2)
“that news does not seem very reliable to me” (headline 4)
It is also an ordinary category in questioning false headlines
since students appealed to the source (16)
“because in the news they clarified that it was a fake news and because it is not credible either” (headline 10) or the authority (4)
“because the professionals said they were more vulnerable (people over 70 years old) but not that it only affected them” (headline 7)
we consider those arguments (12 out of 169) in which students appealed to the scientific procedure (11) to justify why the headline is false
which manifests students’ reliance on epistemic processes
“because treatments that protect against coronavirus are still being investigated” (headline 9)
under this category we include arguments that combined more than one criterion
content and scientific procedure “Because antibiotics don’t treat those kinds of infections
no medication has yet been discovered that can prevent the coronavirus” (headline 6)
Students’ arguments included in this category were elaborated to assess false headlines
a special mention is afforded to those arguments that did not include any criteria (28)
which are contained in the category Non-Epistemic Assessment
It appears more frequently in students’ answers to headlines 8 and 10
as these examples show: “I don’t think it’s true because it doesn’t make much sense to me” (headline 8) or “I never heard it and I doubt it’s true” (regarding drinking alcohol
The findings of our study indicate that students were able to deal with fake news, identifying it as such. They showed capacity to critically assess the content of these news headlines, considering their inconsistencies in relation to their prior knowledge (Britt et al., 2019). As Evagorou (2020) pointed out
SSIs are appropriate contexts for CT development and to value the relevance of science in our lives
Students’ prior knowledge influenced the critical evaluation of some of the COVID-19 headlines provided in the activity. This is particularly relevant in responses to headline 6 (false) “Antibiotics are effective in preventing and treating coronavirus infection.” A previous study on the interactions between the CT and knowledge domain on vaccination (Ageitos and Puig, 2021) showed that there is a correspondence between them
This points to the importance of health literacy for CT development
although it would not be sufficient to provide students with adequate knowledge only
in this case regarding the proper use of antibiotics
We found that the level of epistemic assessment (RQ2) linked to students’ CT capacity is low. A big majority of arguments were situated in a basic epistemic assessment level, and just a few in a higher epistemic assessment. One reason that might explain these results could be related to the task design and format, in which students worked autonomously in a virtual environment. As CT studies in e-learning environments have reinforced (Niu et al., 2013)
cooperative or collaborative learning favors CT skills
particularly when students have to discuss and justify their arguments on real-life problems
The circumstances in which students had to work during the outbreak did not allow them to work together since internet connections were not good for all of them
so synchronous activities were not possible
This aspect is a limitation for this research
This means that students acknowledge that information should be gathered from reliable news media that themselves obtained information from reliable experts
Only few students used the criterion of scientific procedure when assessing false headlines
which shows a high level of epistemic assessment
Promoting this type of assessment is important since online discourse in the post-truth era is affected by misinformation and by appeals to emotions and ideology
but not from the perspective of exploring students’ ability to engage in the epistemic assessment of information and disinformation on COVID-19 under a situation of social isolation
This is an unprecedented context in many aspects
where online learning replaced in-person teaching and science uncertainties were more visible than ever
thus activities oriented toward these goals are necessary
Our study reinforces the need to design more CT activities that guide students in the critical assessment of diverse aspects behind controversial news as a way to fight against the rise of disinformation and develop good knowledge when dealing with SSIs
Students’ epistemological views can influence their performance on argumentation thus
if uncertainty of knowledge is explicitly address in SSI instruction and epistemic activities
students’ epistemological views may be developed
and such development may in turn influence their argumentation competence and consequently their performance on CT
The raw data supporting the conclusions of this article will be made available by the authors
Written informed consent was obtained from the participants’ legal guardian/next of kin to participate in this study in accordance with the National Legislation and the Institutional Requirements
BP conducted the conceptual framework and designed the research study
PB-A conducted the data analysis and collaborated in manuscript preparation
JP-M implemented the didactical proposal and collected the data
All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version
This work was supported by the project ESPIGA
partly funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) Grant code: PGC2018-096581-B-C22
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest
This study was carried out within the RODA research group during the lockdown in Spain due to COVID-19 pandemic
We gratefully acknowledge all the participants for their implication
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*Correspondence: Blanca Puig, YmxhbmNhLnB1aWdAdXNjLmVz
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MIAMI (United States) – The fifth season of the Basketball Champions League Americas held four FIBA Workshops for Referees and two YDP Training Camps for Referees between December 2023 and April 2024, and culminated with Quimsa (ARG) winning the title at home.
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The work of developing referees has been paying off. As a result, eight new referees entered the FIBA Elite Program and were able to officiate during this fifth season. These new referees were Carmelo De La Rosa Álvarez (PUR), Franco Anselmo (ARG), Kevin Lei (CAN), Samuel Hidalgo (DOM), Willset Montalvo (PUR), Ramiro Inchauspe (BRA), Jayson Stell (CAN) and Jesús López (MEX). Two were nominated to the BCL Americas Quarterfinals.
In the BCL Americas Final 4, played on April 13 and 14 in Santiago del Estero, Argentina, eight of the best referees in the region were on the field: Andrés Bartel (URU), Carlos Peralta (ECU), Johnny Batista (PUR), Daniel García (VEN), Julio Anaya (PAN), Kristian Páez (ECU), Roberto Vázquez (PUR) and Juan Fernández (ARG).
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