the WBC presented the emblematic belt of May 5 in our weekly conference “Martes de Café”
a masterpiece of design and symbolism is crafted by Imperio de Metal
This unique belt is deeply inspired by the rich cultural heritage of Tlaxcala
honoring the spirit of a legendary warrior and the vibrant artistic traditions of the region
The design of the plate is inspired by the iconic Birdman mural from the archaeological site of Cacaxtla
depicted with a bird’s headdress and in a ceremonial posture on a feathered serpent
has been reinterpreted as an allegory of combative spirit
transformation and the connection between the earthly and the divine
this exceptional creation evokes the memory of the great Tlaxcalan warrior Xicoténcatl
emblematic figure of the indigenous resistance during the time of the Conquest
this young warrior is remembered for his courage
dignity and fierce opposition to the alliance with Hernán Cortés
becoming a symbol of the defense of the sovereignty and honor of the Tlaxcalan people
This special belt will be awarded to the winner of the fight between Mexico’s Saul Canelo Alvarez and Cuba’s William Scull
Since 2017 the World Boxing Council launched the initiative to present commemorative belts on the most important dates within boxing and since then a culture is selected to create such belts and present a tribute from Mexico to the world
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The World Boxing Council (WBC) has created commemorative belts for May 5th and September 16th
These belts are special trophies that  are awarded to  the winners of significant fights held around these two important Mexican holidays
regardless of the contenders&#8217; nationality
World sports typically have specific dates for their most prestigious events
and the Football ( Soccer ) Champions League final in May
with two dates of peak activity: May 5th and September 16th
The concept of these Special Belts originated in 2017
each year a different culture is chosen to inspire the belt&#8217;s design
representing a gift from the WBC and Mexico to the  world; Beautiful unique pieces of art honoring one of the many cultures from ancient years
The World Boxing Council (WBC) proudly presents the &#8220;Xicoténcatl&#8221; Tlaxcala 2025 Championship Belt
a masterpiece of design and symbolism crafted by Imperio de Metal
This unique belt draws deep inspiration from the rich cultural heritage of Tlaxcala
This special belt will be awarded to the victor of the match between Mexican Saul &#8220;Canelo&#8221; Álvarez and Cuban William Scull
This fight marks his first participation in #RiyadhSeason
The design of the championship plate is rooted in the iconic mural of the Hombre Pájaro (Bird Man) from the archaeological site of Cacaxtla
depicted with an avian headdress and in a ceremonial stance atop a feathered serpent
has been reinterpreted as an allegory for the combative spirit
and the connection between the earthly and the divine realms
Just as the Hombre Pájaro embodies the duality of heaven and earth in Mesoamerican cosmology
This design pays homage to the cultural inheritance of Tlaxcala and the grandeur of boxing
seamlessly blending tradition and modernity into a visually striking piece rich in symbolism and strength
this exceptional creation evokes the memory of the great Tlaxcalan warrior Xicoténcatl
an emblematic figure of indigenous resistance during the Conquest era
and unwavering opposition to the alliance with Hernán Cortés
the WBC Tlaxcala Belt not only celebrates sporting glory but also stands as a piece of profound cultural significance
connecting popular art with the excellence of professional boxing
This belt serves as a powerful reminder of Tlaxcala&#8217;s rich history
and the enduring spirit of those who fought for their sovereignty
The WBC crested the new commemorative belt with the art and inspiration from the State of Tlaxcala
a true master piece that will be awarded to the winner of Canelo Alvares vs Scull
Volume 5 - 2024 | <a class="ArticleLayoutHeader__info__doi" href="https://doi.org/10.3389/falgy.2024.1462985">https://doi.org/10.3389/falgy.2024.1462985</a>
It has been estimated that Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) Exacerbated Respiratory Disease (N-ERD) previously named as Aspirin Exacerbated Respiratory Disease (A-ERD) affects around 1.4 million persons in the United States
Its prevalence in asthmatic patients has widely been underestimated
as a considerable number of patients would need an aspirin provocation test to confirm the diagnosis
but basically involves an imbalance in the arachidonic acid metabolite pathway
The syndrome is characterized by the presence of asthma
chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) and NSAID and aspirin intolerance
Despite maximal and comprehensive medical treatment
with difficult to treat asthma and highly aggressive and recurrent ethmoidal polyposis
monoclonal antibodies aimed at reducing type 2 inflammation have demonstrated very promising results on disease control
The goal of this review is to provide the most recent published advances and evidence on physiopathology
diagnostic protocols and therapeutic strategies of N-ERD
This syndrome has also been named Aspirin Exacerbated Respiratory Disease (A-ERD)
and more recently NSAID Exacerbated Respiratory Disease (N-ERD)
N-ERD physiopathology remains somewhat occult, an idiopathic dysfunction of arachidonic acid metabolism causes an imbalance in the synthesis of eicosanoids and prostaglandins (PG) that finally results in a non-allergic hypersensitivity reaction (<a href="#B4">4</a>)
The objective of this review is to summarize the most recent scientific evidence on the physiopathology
Worldwide, there is very limited epidemiologic information, studies from the United States report that around 1.4 million people in that country suffer from N-ERD, a 1.9&#x0025; in a European multicenter study, 1.2&#x0025; in Finland and 1.3&#x0025; in Sweden, and a limited number of studies population-based in Poland, Australia (<a href="#B5">5</a>)
Some of the reasons that could explain the absence of this type of studies are that the relationships between dyspnea
asthma and rhinitis induced by NSAIDs in N-ERD and the sub phenotypes of N-ERD are incomplete
in addition to the lack of knowledge of the presentation of symptoms
patients with asthma and aspirin intolerance who do not present with sinonasal polyposis
the possibility of N-ERD is often ruled out without proper follow-up
The impact on public health lies in sub-optical medical and surgical treatments
substantially increasing spending on the care of these patients
The disease affects around 9.7&#x0025; of patients with CRSwNP, 7.2&#x0025; of patients with asthma and 14.9&#x0025; of patients with severe asthma (<a href="#B6">6</a>)
Clinical manifestations tend to appear between the third and fourth decade of life
with a moderate predominance for the female gender
One metanalysis published in 2015 concludes that N-ERD is diagnosed in 5.5&#x0025; to 12.4&#x0025; of asthmatic patients, but this prevalence increases to 21&#x0025; when aspirin provocation tests are performed. This would indicate that, globally, N-ERD can affect up to one in five of all asthmatic patients (<a href="#B7">7</a>)
Reported risk factors for the disease include positive family history of N-ERD, diagnosis of CRSwNP and/or asthma, and, according to some authors, the existence of an atopic status (<a href="#B8">8</a>)
Figure 1. Some common medications and their role in arachidonic acid metabolism. In N-ERD, there is a preponderance of 5-LOX pathway and reduced activity of COX-1 with an overproduction of proinflammatory eicosanoids. Created with <a href="https://BioRender.com">BioRender.com</a>
Leukotriene C4 synthase is significantly overexpressed in eosinophils and mast cells within respiratory tissue of N-ERD patients. Also, cysteinyl-Leukotriene concentrations are four times higher in this group of patients, when compared to aspirin-tolerant asthmatic patients (<a href="#B18">18</a>, <a href="#B19">19</a>)
Thus, a hallmark of N-ERD physiopathology is a complex dysregulation of arachidonic acid metabolic pathways, with an overproduction of proinflammatory eicosanoids (LTC4, cysteinyl-leukotrienes and PGD2) and a deficient release and expression of anti-inflammatory mediators such as cyclooxygenase-2, PGE2, PGE2-receptor and lipoxins (<a href="#B20">20</a>)
Studies report a higher gene expression of GATA3, IL-4, IL-5, IL17 in patients with N-ERD, which indicates a more severe form of inflammation. The gene expression of IL-17 in the N-ERD group may suggest the coexistence of TH3 and TH2 inflammation with a predominance of Th2 inflammation (<a href="#B25">25</a>) (<a href="#T1">Table&#x00A0;1</a>)
The role of main inflammatory mediators involved in N-ERD
and environmental factors are all capable of initiating epithelial injury and release of alarmins
These upstream cytokines have multiple effects focusing on type 2 inflammatory responses
Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) and mast cells in N-ERD both amplify the responses
The combination of inflammatory mediators and cytokines
An identification of polymorphisms in LT-related genes in affected patients suggested a role for genetic variation in the development of N-ERD, this have been implicated in genes encoding enzymes synthesizing eicosanoids from arachidonic acid, related to antigen presentation and inflammation, encoding receptors for cysteinyl leukotrienes and encoding receptors that affect airway sensitivity, mucous production, lung function (<a href="#B44">44</a>)
This study suggests that the differences in initial clinical manifestations of N-ERD could be associated with several patient-specific risk factors that need to be studied to better categorize patient profile and enhance disease control
The first step in establishing N-ERD diagnosis is an exhaustive clinical history
followed by a comprehensive physical exploration
nasal endoscopy and complementary studies such as pulmonary function testing and aspirin provocation tests
an aspirin provocation test can be considered the gold standard in the diagnosis of N-ERD
as it allows to confirm or exclude ASA-hypersensitivity in patients who present with unclear history
There are four types of aspirin provocation test: oral, intranasal, bronchial or intravenous (<a href="#B1">1</a>)
Intravenous provocation testing is used exclusively in Japan, for the risk of severe adverse reaction, the IV aspirin provocation test has not been used often in clinical practice, and the safety and efficacy of this convenient method has not been assessed (<a href="#B57">57</a>)
Characterization of the inflammatory endotype of CRSwNP is also important in N-ERD patients. The biomarkers can be obtained from peripheral blood, nasal secretions, nasal polyp tissue and even exhaled air. Peripheral blood biomarkers are easier to obtain, requiring less experience, cost and time than a nasal biopsy. However, peripheral blood biomarkers often have a poor correlation with the local sinonasal inflammatory phenomena that characterize CRSwNP (<a href="#B58">58</a>)
Classically, CRSwNP presents as an eosinophilic disease, while CRSsNP tends to be non-eosinophilic. Classification of a rich eosinophilic milieu is established histologically through tissue microscopy. According to Kountakis et al. (<a href="#B59">59</a>), a polyp is considered eosinophilic when 5 or more eosinophils per high-power field are found, whereas for Solear et al, a minimum of 10 eosinophils per high-power field are required (<a href="#B60">60</a>)
Several studies have demonstrated that patients with eosinophilic CRSwNP present with higher recurrence rates, worse symptomatic and radiologic scores and higher prevalence of asthma (<a href="#B61">61</a>, <a href="#B62">62</a>). Other studies correlate tissue eosinophilia and concentrations of eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP) with the severity of the disease (<a href="#B63">63</a>)
In N-ERD, asthma is generally severe and has a T2 eosinophilic inflammatory profile and some patients present with persistent bronchospasm, rapid decrease in lung function and severe inflammation of the whole lower airway. A better understanding of the bronchial epithelial damage in N-ERD is needed to better preserve lung function on the long term (<a href="#B64">64</a>)
Nowadays, there is no available in vitro test for the diagnosis of N-ERD. Urinary Leukotriene E4 (uLTE4) remains the most reliable biomarker, with higher concentrations found in N-ERD patients when compared to controls. Also, levels of uLTE4 rise significantly after aspirin or NSAIDs intake, nevertheless, this biomarker should not replace an aspirin provocation test and is not recommended for the routine diagnosis of N-ERD (<a href="#B29">29</a>)
Imaging studies are required only when surgical treatment of CRSwNP is considered. One study demonstrated more severe ethmoidal and frontal sinuses involvement, and less maxillary sinus affection in patients with N-ERD when compared to aspirin tolerant patients with CRSwNP (<a href="#B65">65</a>)
There are several therapeutic options when treating N-ERD
remain the cornerstone for the initial treatment; endoscopic sinus surgery is widely used in the management of CRSwNP; Aspirin desensitization remains an alternative for selected cases
monoclonal antibodies have demonstrated an important efficacy
In N-ERD patients, CRSwNP and asthma tend to be quite aggressive. Systemic corticosteroids, mostly taken orally and in short courses, rapidly improve symptoms in both the upper and lower airway, but are accompanied by a wide array of endocrine, muscular, skeletal and ocular adverse effects that should limit their use as much as possible (<a href="#B1">1</a>)
A wide maxillary antrostomy and a sphenoidotomy are illustrated
Sagittal section illustrating the classical nasalization technique
In a recent pilot study, Moreno-Luna et al. proposed the use of a free mucosal, harvested from the floor of the nasal fossa and adhered to the roof of the ethmoidal cavity after the full resection of the mucosa. This free mucosal flap seems to improve healing, nasal function and recurrence rates (<a href="#B77">77</a>, <a href="#B78">78</a>)
(1) Draft I: anterior ethmoidectomy (2) Draft IIa: Opening of frontal sinus between lamina papyracea and middle turbinate (3) Draft IIb: Opening of frontal sinus between lamina papyracea and nasal septum (4) Draft III: removal of the frontal sinus floor and septectomy
Desensitization to aspirin is another therapeutic strategy that has been used in N-ERD patients to develop drug tolerance under strict medical supervision. It has been shown to reduce polyp recurrence after ESS, increase time interval between surgeries, reduce the need for systemic corticosteroids, and improve sense of smell and quality of life (<a href="#B83">83</a>)
desensitization is attained when a final maximal dose of 325&#x2005;mg of aspirin is reached
In a retrospective study on 32 N-ERD patients who underwent ESS and subsequent aspirin desensitization, significant improvement in SNOT-22 scores were noted and only 3 patients (9.4&#x0025;) required revision surgery after 30 months of follow-up (<a href="#B84">84</a>)
In a prospective study, Sharan et al. found that ESS could improve the effectiveness of aspirin desensitization in N-ERD, even in patients who previously failed this kind of therapy. This study suggests that ESS can bring patients to a phenotype that is more receptive to desensitization, mostly when preoperative elevated serum levels of IgE are present (<a href="#B85">85</a>)
treatment withdrawal rate is high because of the frequent adverse effects such as gastrointestinal disorders
Indications for biologic agents use in CRSwNP
Nowadays, three commercially available biologics that inhibit IL-5 have been used in N-ERD patients. Mepolizumab and Reslizumab directly target IL-5, thus reducing both the production and survival of eosinophils. Benralizumab is a biologic agent that targets IL-5 receptor 5R&#x03B1; which is expressed in eosinophils, thus inducing eosinophil destruction (<a href="#B91">91</a>)
it should be noticed that neither of these two studies specifically assessed N-ERD patients
In a retrospective study, Tuttle et al. studied the effects of 100&#x2005;mg monthly subcutaneous injections of Mepolizumab in N-ERD patients and reported that after three or more injections, there was a significant symptomatic improvement in both the upper and lower airway (<a href="#B93">93</a>)
double blinded clinical trials are needed to support these data on N-ERD patients
Benralizumab has been widely used in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma, and some studies report improvement of accompanying sinonasal symptoms. However, studies that specifically assess the efficacy of this drug on N-ERD patients are needed (<a href="#B94">94</a>, <a href="#B95">95</a>)
it is important to better define the phenotype and endotype of patients that will really benefit from a biologic treatment
Despite the great utility and proven benefits of monoclonal antibodies, they can have serious adverse effects that are worth knowing, which is why Fernandez-del-Campo et al. made an analysis of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) reported in the Database of the Spanish Pharmacovigilance System (<a href="#B101">101</a>) (<a href="#F7">Figure&#x00A0;7</a>)
In a meta-analysis by Oykhman et al. of over 3,400 patients with CRSwNP in 29 randomized trials evaluating 9 treatment options, including ASA-D, both biologics, and ATAD, improved health-related quality of life, sinus symptoms, oral corticosteroid use, and nasal polyp size were demonstrated, with dupilumab and omalizumab demonstrating improvement in most categories evaluated (<a href="#B102">102</a>)
In those with severe CRSwNP and eosinophilic asthma
systemic therapy is likely to significantly benefit both conditions
but the absolute benefits and cost-effectiveness are less clear
treatment should be a decision between patients
and policy makers for optimal management of CRSwNP considering benefits
Changes in nutritional habits and lifestyle can have a major impact in several chronic diseases such as diabetes or systemic hypertension
a low salicylate diet enriched with omega-3 supplements could help in reducing the overall inflammatory status
Due to the importance of fatty acids in the metabolic pathways of arachidonic acid, Schneider et al. studied the effects of a rich omega-3 (more than 3&#x2005;g/day) and low omega-6 (less than 4&#x2005;g/d) diet in N-ERD patients. They found that this diet produced a significant reduction in uLTE4 and SNOT-22 scores. However, no improvement was noted in FEV1 and FVC (<a href="#B106">106</a>)
Feviviprant may have a role in the treatment of N-ERD, where it is thought that the role of DP2 receptor pathway be more important supported by the fact that N-ERD subjects have elevated levels of urinary PGD2 metabolites compared to aspirin-tolerant asthma subjects, furthermore, suppression of PGD2 in N-ERD subjects by high-dose aspirin therapy is understood to be one of the mechanisms of benefit of high-dose aspirin therapy in N-ERD (<a href="#B115">115</a>, <a href="#B116">116</a>)
are under high demand and often have limited budgets to provide the necessary services
there are different treatment modalities for N-ERD
of which monoclonal antibodies are currently the most expensive therapeutic measures
so it is important to assess their cost-effectiveness and efficacy against other forms of treatment to promote the sustainability of health care
Some cost-effectiveness studies on CRSwNP suggest that FEES, including revision surgery, is more cost-effective than dupilumab, however these analyses do not consider other factors such as the number of prior surgeries, nasal polyp scores, initial SNOT-22 scores, and the proportion of patients with concomitant asthma, so the true cost-benefit of monoclonal antibodies in N-ERD is still unknown (<a href="#T2">Table&#x00A0;2</a>)
Summary of studies on effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of different treatment options
N-ERD is a very complex and heterogenous disease that requires a multidisciplinary approach
ENT-surgeons among other medical specialties to attain optimal results in terms of control and quality of life
When comprehensive medical treatment fails
and although conservative surgeries are intended as they present fewer complications
ethmoidal radical surgical techniques are recommended for the control of CRSwNP in N-ERD
a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in T2 inflammation has allowed the development of several more targeted therapies
such as monoclonal antibodies targeting T2 inflammation cytokines
which offer a new paradigm in treatment and still need to be investigated to obtain their true long-term efficacy
The genetics and epigenetics of N-ERD need to continue to be studied to obtain more personalized and targeted therapies
The author(s) declare that no financial support was received for the research
The authors acknowledge Berenice Lazcano-Velasco MD for her valuable support with the anatomical illustration of paranasal sinuses
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations
Any product that may be evaluated in this article
or claim that may be made by its manufacturer
is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher
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<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23070897" target="_blank">PubMed Abstract</a> | <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/lary.23610" target="_blank">Crossref Full Text</a> | <a href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Role+of+frontal+sinus+surgery+in+nasal+polyp+recurrence&#x0026;author=Bassiouni+A&#x0026;author=Wormald+PJ&#x0026;publication_year=2013&#x0026;journal=Laryngoscope&#x0026;volume=123&#x0026;pages=36-41" target="_blank">Google Scholar</a>
Long-term outcomes for the endoscopic modified lothrop/draf III procedure: a 10-year review
The draf III procedure: a review of indications and techniques
Update on the management of aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease
<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27126722" target="_blank">PubMed Abstract</a> | <a href="https://doi.org/10.4168/aair.2016.8.4.298" target="_blank">Crossref Full Text</a> | <a href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Update+on+the+management+of+aspirin-exacerbated+respiratory+disease&#x0026;author=Buchheit+KM&#x0026;author=Laidlaw+TM&#x0026;publication_year=2016&#x0026;journal=Allergy+Asthma+Immunol+Res&#x0026;volume=8&#x0026;pages=298-304" target="_blank">Google Scholar</a>
Outcomes after complete endoscopic sinus surgery and aspirin desensitization in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease
Endoscopic sinus surgery improves aspirin treatment response in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease patients
EPOS/EUFOREA update on indication and evaluation of biologics in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps 2023
Omalizumab reduces cysteinyl leukotriene and 9&#x03B1;,11&#x03B2;-prostaglandin F2 overproduction in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease
Efficacy and safety of omalizumab in nasal polyposis: 2 randomized phase 3 trials
Omalizumab in patients with NSAIDs-exacerbated respiratory disease
Updates in biologic therapy for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and NSAID -exacerbated respiratory disease
as a treatment option for severe nasal polyposis
Reduced need for surgery in severe nasal polyposis with mepolizumab: randomized trial
A retrospective analysis of mepolizumab in subjects with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease
Real-life effects of benralizumab on allergic chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis associated with severe asthma
Clinical efficacy of benralizumab in patients with severe
uncontrolled eosinophilic asthma and nasal polyposis: pooled analysis of the SIROCCO and CALIMA trials
Dupilumab improves nasal polyp burden and asthma control in patients with CRSwNP and AERD
Cost utility analysis of dupilumab versus endoscopic Sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Economic evaluation of dupilumab versus endoscopic sinus surgery for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Tezepelumab in adults with uncontrolled asthma
Comparative efficacy of tezepelumab to mepolizumab
and dupilumab in eosinophilic asthma: a Bayesian network meta-analysis
Real-World safety profile of biologic drugs for severe uncontrolled asthma: a descriptive analysis from the spanish pharmacovigilance database
Comparative efficacy and safety of monoclonal antibodies and aspirin desensitization for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
A systematic review of salicylates in foods: estimated daily intake of a Scottish population
A novel treatment adjunct for aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease: the low-salicylate diet: a multicenter randomized control crossover trial
Effect of low salicylate diet on clinical and inflammatory markers in patients with aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease&#x2014;a randomized crossover trial
J Otolaryngol - Head Neck Surg J Oto-Rhino-Laryngol Chir Cervico-Faciale
Dietary fatty acid modification for the treatment of aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease: a prospective pilot trial
Alcohol-induced respiratory symptoms are common in patients with aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease
Relationship between alcohol intolerance and aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD): systematic review
Otolaryngol&#x2013;Head Neck Surg Off J Am Acad Otolaryngol-Head Neck Surg
Alcohol-induced respiratory symptoms improve after aspirin desensitization in patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease
Dupilumab as add-on therapy for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis in aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease
The impact of the prostaglandin D2 receptor 2 and its downstream effects on the pathophysiology of asthma
Expression and characterization of PGD2 receptors in chronic rhinosinusitis: modulation of DP and CRTH2 by PGD2
Effectiveness of fevipiprant in reducing exacerbations in patients with severe asthma (LUSTER-1 and LUSTER-2): two phase 3 randomised controlled trials
Phase 3b randomized controlled trial of fevipiprant in patients with nasal polyposis with asthma (THUNDER)
Prostaglandin D&#x2082;: a dominant mediator of aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease
Immunologic effects of aspirin desensitization and high-dose aspirin therapy in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease
Trial of thromboxane receptor inhibition with ifetroban: tP receptors regulate eicosanoid homeostasis in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease
NSAID-ERD Syndrome: the new hope from prevention
Cost-effectiveness analysis of biologics for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps in Canada
Cost-effectiveness analysis of dupilumab versus omalizumab
and benralizumab added to the standard of care in adults with severe asthma in Colombia
Biologikatherapie bei schwer erkrankten patienten mit &#x201E;NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease&#x201C; und stattgehabter ASS-Desaktivierung: Ergebnisse einer multizentrischen Studie [biologic therapy in patients with severe NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease and previous aspirin desensitization: results of a multicentric study]
Appraisal of the real-world effectiveness of biologic therapies in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease
Effect of omalizumab on outcomes in patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease
Objective and subjective sinonasal and pulmonary outcomes in aspirin desensitization therapy: a prospective cohort study
Clinical and immunological efficacy of aspirin desensitization in nasal polyp patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease
Effect of zileuton treatment on sinonasal quality of life in patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease
Effectiveness of personalized low salicylate diet in the management of salicylates hypersensitive patients: interventional study
The role of surgery in management of samter&#x2019;s triad: a systematic review
Keywords: aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease
Garc&#x00ED;a-Cruz ML and Jim&#x00E9;nez-Chobillon MA (2024) Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug-exacerbated respiratory disease: molecular mechanism
Received: 11 July 2024; Accepted: 7 November 2024;Published: 27 November 2024
Copyright: &#x00A9; 2024 Ley-Tomas, Xicotencatl-Tellez, Garc&#x00ED;a-Cruz and Jim&#x00E9;nez-Chobillon. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY)</a>
distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted
provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited
in accordance with accepted academic practice
distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms
&#x002A;Correspondence: M. A. Jim&#x00E9;nez-Chobillon, <a id="encmail">YWxqaWNob0BnbWFpbC5jb20=</a>
&#x2020;These authors share first authorship
&#x2021;These authors share senior authorship
&#x00A7;ORCID:J. J. Ley-Tomas<a href="http://orcid.org/0009-0003-3476-1588">orcid.org/0009-0003-3476-1588</a>A. M. Xicotencatl-Tellez<a href="http://orcid.org/0009-0007-5070-2157">orcid.org/0009-0007-5070-2157</a>M. L. Garc&#x00ED;a-Cruz<a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5656-5196">orcid.org/0000-0002-5656-5196</a>M. A. Jim&#x00E9;nez-Chobillon<a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6995-9453">orcid.org/0000-0001-6995-9453</a>
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Staff at migrant shelters across Mexico told America last month that Mexican officials
military and police have been pressuring them for more information about the migrants they serve—a campaign that has continued for weeks despite the fact that under Mexican law migrant shelters are legally protected sites
The increased <a href="https://www.americamagazine.org/politics-society/2019/07/24/mexican-shelters-tell-harassment-us-mexico-deal-migrants">attention</a> by Mexican police and armed forces is encouraging undocumented migrants to avoid shelters
many of which are run by the Catholic Church here
and to follow more dangerous routes through Mexico
Shelter staff add that the increased operations to detain and deport undocumented migrants will do little to stop migration to the United States
“There are now fewer people staying at the shelters
but that doesn’t mean there are fewer migrants traveling through Mexico,” said Francisco Rocha Camacho
a worker at a diocesan-run shelter in Mexico’s southernmost state of Chiapas on the border with Guatemala
“They are now taking alternative routes to decrease their visibility
which makes them more vulnerable to criminal gangs.”
The increased <a href="https://www.americamagazine.org/politics-society/2019/07/24/mexican-shelters-tell-harassment-us-mexico-deal-migrants">attention</a> by Mexican police and armed forces is encouraging undocumented migrants to avoid shelters and to follow more dangerous routes through Mexico
“The situation is becoming steadily more complicated,” shelter director Alberto Xicoténcatl told America last month.Mr
Xicoténcatl runs a program sponsored by the local diocese in Saltillo
the capital of the northern Mexican border state of Coahuila
“The number of operations by the authorities to check the status of migrants
of how many are arriving at the shelters and at the border
<a href="“https://twitter.com/DiarioCoahuila/status/1153737641801736194”">In a video</a> that has gone viral
Xicoténcatl was filmed on July 23 confronting soldiers who were allegedly checking the status of migrants at his shelter
Mexican migration law prohibits authorities from checking the status of migrants within five kilometers (a little over three miles) from places where migrants receive shelter and humanitarian aid from civil society organizations
While soldiers and police have repeatedly encroached shelters on the ground
staff say they also feel personally harassed by Mexican federal authorities trying to gather information through repeated telephone calls
“The Secretariat of the Interior appears to be very interested in who’s involved in helping the migrants,” said Mr
America has received similar reports of such harassment from migrant shelters at both Mexico’s northern border with the United States and its southern border with Guatemala; migrant workers there say the federal government has been calling them to ask how many migrants are staying on their premises
the names of those involved in helping the migrants
Shelter staff said that they believe that the Mexican government’s information-gathering operation is aimed at increasing the number of deportations from Mexico back to Central American states even more
who works at the Casa Betania Santa Martha shelter in Salto de Agua
said that staff at her shelters have received calls from Mexico’s National Migration Institute (I.N.M.) “asking us for information about how many people were staying at the shelter
a group of officials who said they belonged to the local police and the I.N.M
came to the shelter and asked us to enter,” she said
“They wanted to intercept migrants staying there and deport them
the Mexican army and local police have also at times been reported to aggressively search for migrants
a Honduran national was shot dead by local police in Saltillo
According to a statement released by authorities
officials and federal police and that local police officers opened fire on them
“There is an atmosphere of increased violence against migrants and permissiveness to that violence,” Mr
“The deployment of the National Guard has made things worse
shelters and aid workers are being intimidated.”
The crackdown on undocumented migrants has been severely criticized by human rights activists in Mexico, especially because it directly contradicts the rhetoric of Mr. López Obrador. During his campaign last year, the president <a href="https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-america-latina-45898633">said he would seek a less rigid approach</a> to undocumented migration than that used by his predecessors
Several attempts to reach the National Migration Institute and the Secretariat of the Interior for comment went unanswered
Jan-Albert Hootsen is America’s Mexico City correspondent
Agree that a spotlight should be put on any harassment or deplorable conditions that migrants may face in Mexico or elsewhere
We should also put a focus on the conditions in the countries where these people are fleeing
What is motivating and/or forcing them to the risk and hardship they face
By focusing on that it might highlight what can and should be done to help everyone there live better lives
When will we see such articles to put the spotlight on the conditions causing such a migration
"US intervention in the affairs of these small and weak states has been deliberate
motivated by profit or ideology or both." From: https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/dec/19/central-america-migrants-us-foreign-policy
"Harassment." Because Mexico has finally decided it should know who crosses ITS borders and who is in ITS country
any enforcement of immigration law anywhere in the world now constitutes "harassment" in the topsy-turvy world of Jesuit-speak and Liberal-speak (generally interchangeable terms)
Why can't the police power of a state inspect the status of people on its territory
You seem to have missed the part that says "Mexican migration law prohibits authorities from checking the status of migrants within five kilometers (a little over three miles) from places where migrants receive shelter and humanitarian aid from civil society organizations."
Migrants are just cannon fodder in Mexican and US political games
depending on what's convenient at the time
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Grade: 12                                              
School: Visalia Technical Early College High School
Visalia                                                 
Statement:                                                                                                         
“Aiden is the FFA Chapter Cotton Team Captain and has been a member of the team for the last four years
and ensure that they have the opportunity and tools available to them
Aiden is willing to work with everyone and genuinely wants to see others do their best
He has been a source of consistency at VTEC and in the FFA Program
yet he is humble enough to play down his successes in the presence of others
‘It is not fair to ask of someone else what you are not willing to do yourself.’ Aiden lives up to being a fair person willing to do
Statement:                                                                                                     
“Macie has the class job of being in charge of our computer cart
Her job is to make sure everyone receives their laptop every day
She has to make sure that their laptops are fully charged and that her classmates' computers are placed in the correct spot on the cart before the end of the day
She is also very helpful toward her classmates
Macie is always willing to help any of her classmates that are in need
I am very proud of Macie and I am so very happy that she is in my class this year
Student Name: Samuel Ortega                                           
Grade: 10                                              
“In the short period of time I have known Samuel
he has exemplified what it means to be fair
He is a model student in class that brings a sense of justice and peace to his peers
He plays by the rules in both sports and academics
his strong work ethic has earned him a place on the varsity football program
helped create a social contract where he voiced strong opinions which made sense and came from a fair place.”
Statement:                                                                                         
“Addyson has already made an impression on her teachers and classmates as one who is kind
She makes sure that everyone at her table gets a chance to speak during group discussions
She also shows fairness on the volleyball court
She works well with her teammates and does not hog the ball
She makes sure everyone gets a chance to do their best and get their practice in
and she even suggests drills that would benefit the team as a whole
She is a student and athlete of great character!”
Favoritism by state governments in the granting of licenses for notaries&#8217; offices must come to an end
the head of an influential business group said on Wednesday
Speaking to reporters at the National Palace after attending President López Obrador’s morning press conference
the president of the Business Coordinating Council (CCE)
said that there needs to be transparency in the allocation of licenses for notaries&#8217; offices
His remarks came after the newspaper Reforma reported that Baja California Governor Jaime Bonilla had gifted two notary’s office licenses each to former governor Xicoténcatl Leyva Mortera and the ex-governor’s nephew
Leyva Mortera is a personal friend of Bonilla and considered the governor&#8217;s “political godfather.”
“anyone can be a notary” in other countries “as long as they meet a range of requirements,” Salazar said
“I&#8217;ve seen it and that&#8217;s one of the things toward which we have to evolve.”
The CCE chief said that “little by little” state governors have to be persuaded to stop the practice of granting notaries&#8217; offices to their friends and associates
Salazar said that the recently approved Citizens&#8217; Trust Law could provide governors
the impetus they need to leave bad habits behind
He said he believed that the new federal law will serve as “an example for everyone” about how to restore the trust of citizens
which in turn will help Mexico become a country “in which we trust one another.”
Speaking this morning about the law – which will <a href="https://mexiconewsdaily.com/news/no-more-federal-inspectors/">get rid of federal government inspectors</a> – López Obrador said that all people have a responsibility to act with rectitude and honesty and to “turn their backs on corruption.”
Source: <a href="https://www.reforma.com/critica-cce-trafico-de-notarias/ar1883493?v=2">Reforma</a> (sp) 
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<a href="https://culinarybackstreets.com/culinary-walks/" style="color:#811429;font-family:&quot;Avenir-Medium&quot;;font-weight:700;font-size:14px;">Explore our Food Tours →</a>
Mexico City’s southern neighborhood of Coyoacán
once a separate town outside the city limits
is now a popular area with cobblestone lanes full of art galleries
the real allure of the neighborhood is the opportunity to visit Tostadas Coyoacán
a marketplace restaurant that elevates the humble tostada to dizzying culinary heights
made from a thin corn masa tortilla that is fried or baked until crispy and golden
a blank canvas that can be topped and adorned with almost any ingredient imaginable
Located near the center of Coyoacán’s traditional marketplace at the intersection of four main aisles and marked by bright yellow banners
the ever-crowded Tostadas Coyoacán is hard to miss
There are four separate food-prep stations (one at each corner)
with menus overhead listing the food and drink choices available
Each serving station is lined with stools and a long counter
The atmosphere is one of organized chaos: customers write down their orders on small pads of paper
the servers loudly yell the orders to the prep cooks
and the cooks in turn sling toppings onto the tostadas with remarkable speed
a tray of freshly made tostadas makes its way to the customer
<a href="https://images.culinarybackstreets.com/wp-content/uploads/cb_mc_TostadasCoyoacan_bh_final2.jpg?lossy=1&w=2560&ssl=1" rel="lightbox[8053]"></a>
the toppings – including plain shredded chicken
pork meat that has been marinated in acidic citrus juice and annatto seeds – are piled up in large
but on a recent visit we decided to start with tostadas piled high with pata de puerco (pork feet) and with simple marinated beef
these were served without beans.) We hadn’t eaten much pata de puerco before
nicely seasoned with hints of chili and a blend of other spices
For customers wanting even more flavor and heat
bowls of various tomato and chili-based salsas were available on each counter
marinated barbecue chicken that was pleasantly spiced
which came with a drizzle of sour cream and a light dusting of crumbled cheese
The mole was creamy and had a terrific sweet-savory flavor
The beverage options at Tostadas Coyoacán include a variety of aguas frescas
orange and strawberry to more exotic fruit flavors such as guayaba (guava) and yerba buena (a type of mint).&nbsp;Highly recommended is the agua de chía con limón
a healthy and refreshing drink of chia water with lime
an annual herb that is part of the mint family
was used as a food source by many pre-Hispanic civilizations and remains popular in Mexico today
especially when they are as scrumptious and as affordable as the ones at Coyoacán (our bill came to under 100 pesos)
Tostadas may not be the most elaborate dish in the realm of Mexican cuisine
but the really good ones – like those at Coyoacán market
which are arguably the best in Mexico City – are worth seeking out
This review was originally published on November 21
loading map - please wait...Map could not be loaded - please enable Javascript!<a style="text-decoration:none;" href="https://www.mapsmarker.com/js-disabled" target="_blank">&rarr; more information</a>
during the 35th Meeting of Ambassadors and Consuls (REC 2024)
the diplomats met with legislators at the Casona de Xicot&eacute;ncatl
was an important opportunity to strengthen coordination between the legislative branch and Mexico&#39;s representations abroad
The meeting began with messages from Senate President Ana Lilia Rivera Rivera and Chamber of Deputies President Marcela Guerra Castillo
who said the legislative branch was firmly committed to strengthening Mexico&#39;s diplomacy and to the shared task of fulfilling their constitutional duties in matters of foreign policy
&ldquo;We are here to listen to you; we are here to learn
We also need your help to relate to the legislatures of other countries
as we did with the European Union recently
a change to show that we Mexicans contribute strongly to the world&#39;s economies.&rdquo;
Present at the meeting were the Undersecretary for Multilateral Affairs and Human Rights
Joel Hern&aacute;ndez Garc&iacute;a; the Undersecretary for Latin America and the Caribbean
Laura Elena Carrillo Cubillas; acting Undersecretary of Foreign Affairs Jennifer Feller Enr&iacute;quez; Chief Officer for North America Roberto Velasco &Aacute;lvarez
Various Foreign Ministry officials participated in the meeting: Eduardo Sosa Cuevas
mentioned the challenges of representing Mexico and Latin America to the world; Rogelio Granguillhome Morf&iacute;n
ambassador to Belgium and the European Union
emphasized the new challenges to Mexico for integration with Europe; Norma Ang S&aacute;nchez
ambassador of Mexico to the Republic of Ghana
mentioned the importance of increasing Mexico&#39;s relations with Africa and the Middle East; Melba Pr&iacute;a Olavarrieta
mentioned the importance of expanding Mexico&#39;s horizons in terms of cooperation with the Asia-Pacific region
addressed the challenges of multilateralism and the importance of Mexico&#39;s participation in the UN to protect and promote human rights
Foreign Secretary Alicia B&aacute;rcena highlighted the success of the discussion and underscored the importance of these meetings to strengthen collaboration at the national and international levels
An official photograph was taken at the end of the meeting
symbolizing the unity and collaboration between the key actors in Mexican politics and diplomacy
the legislators agreed on the importance of strengthening Mexico&#39;s consular work and the Mexican Foreign Service
The Deputies committed to reviewing the current regulations in order to provide greater resources for the services offered in Mexico&#39;s embassies and consulates abroad
and to ensure that our compatriots abroad are assisted
The meeting set a precedent for the institutional relationship and cooperation between the legislature and the Foreign Ministry
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Volume 14 - 2024 | <a class="ArticleLayoutHeader__info__doi" href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2024.1356581">https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2024.1356581</a>
This article is part of the Research TopicCervical Cancer: Updates from the Mexican National Consensus<a class="Link Link--linkType Link--maincolor Link--medium Link--icon Link--chevronRight Link--right" aria-label="View all 10 articles" href="https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/59068/cervical-cancer-updates-from-the-mexican-national-consensus/magazine" target="_self" data-event="customLink-linkType-a_viewAll10Articles">View all 10 articles</a>
Cervical cancer (CC) is a significant health problem
Functional studies on the human papillomavirus have generated essential advances in the knowledge of CC
This mini-review discusses the latest results on CC pathogenesis
and molecular changes identified through next-generation technologies
the percentage of samples with HPV genome integrations correlates with the degree of the cervical lesions
suggesting a role in the development of CC
new functions have been described for the viral oncoproteins E5
resulting in the acquisition and maintenance of cancer hallmarks
E5 oncoprotein affects signaling pathways involved in the expression of interferon-induced genes and EGFR-induced proliferation
while E6 and E7 oncoproteins regulate the DNA damage repair and cell cycle continuity pathways
next-generation technologies provide vast amounts of information
increasing our knowledge of changes in the genome
These studies have identified novel molecular traits associated with disease susceptibility
and survival as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets
Cervical cancer (CC) remains a public health problem and ranks fourth in cancer mortality in women worldwide (<a href="#B1">1</a>). The main etiologic factor for CC development is a persistent infection with high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV), responsible for almost 100% of all CC cases (<a href="#B2">2</a>). However, some studies report that between 5 and 8% of CC cases are HPV-negative; significantly, the majority are adenocarcinomas (<a href="#B3">3</a>, <a href="#B4">4</a>)
More than 200 HPV types have so far been identified. Around 15 types are classified as high-risk types, including HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58, associated with cervical, anogenital, and oropharyngeal cancers, and HPV16 is found in approximately 60% of the CC cases (<a href="#B5">5</a>)
HPVs are small, non-enveloped viruses with an 8-kb circular double-stranded DNA contained in a 55 nm icosahedral capsid. The viral genome holds the long control region (LCR) that regulates genome replication and transcription of the early (E1-E7) and the late-expressed genes L1 and L2 (<a href="#B6">6</a>)
Alterations that occur in the host genome due to the integration of HPV are fundamental in the development of CC
The contribution of HPV to CC development is due to the transformation capacity of a variety of interactions of E6, E7, and E5 viral oncoproteins with diverse cellular proteins, which affect the normal regulation of cell signaling pathways involved in proliferation, DNA damage repair, immune system, apoptosis, and metabolism (<a href="#B33">33</a>&#x2013;<a href="#B35">35</a>)
Table&#xa0;1 Target proteins of HPV oncogenes
Recent studies using the mouse papillomavirus (MmPV1) model demonstrated that E6 oncoprotein modulates the Notch signaling pathway by interacting with MAML1, component of the Notch pathway, affecting cell density and delaying differentiation, which allows viral persistence (<a href="#B68">68</a>)
External cofactors are also crucial for HPV-induced carcinogenesis, as is the case of the microbiome. Alterations in the cervicovaginal microbiome occur during the progression of HPV-associated lesions to CC, where an increase in resident bacteria diversity occurs along with a reduction of the resident Lactobacillus spp. Dysbiosis in the cervical microbiome influences viral persistence and is a carcinogenic co-factor (<a href="#B58">58</a>, <a href="#B59">59</a>)
<a href="#T1">Table&#xa0;1</a> shows several cellular targets of viral oncoproteins affecting biological processes
The molecular changes in CC are not yet fully elucidated
and next-generation technologies have generated a large amount of information that has increased knowledge in this area
Bioinformatic data analysis has provided relevant information on the genome sequence
Several studies have revealed molecular changes that occur during the development and progression of CC and have identified potential biomarkers and molecular targets associated with susceptibility to the disease
CC depends largely on the genetic characteristics of the host. Koel et&#xa0;al. (2023) (<a href="#B71">71</a>) performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify genomic variants associated with the full spectrum of cervical disorders
The variants that were mainly identified overlapped between cervicitis
and cancer and appeared different for ectropion
A genetic risk score (GRS) associated with CC was constructed
GRS identified people at risk of developing CC
which could be used to personalize the screening strategies for susceptible people
Most of the predictive power of the variants identified comes from the HLA region (HLA-DQA1)
but it also includes regions where the closest genes are CDC42
combined with the corresponding RNA-seq analysis
Among the genes frequently found disrupted by HPV integration were IL20RB
while genes whose expression was altered included LINC00290
which is described in other cancers associated with chemoresistance and cancer progression
They identified miR-182-3p gene targets downregulated in CC and found that it might participate in angiogenesis and cell migration
They also proposed this miR as a potential diagnostic biomarker
Understanding of the biological roles of circRNAs in CC progression is still under investigation, and the mechanisms by which circRNAs influence CC development and metastasis have yet to be completely elucidated. Zhang et&#xa0;al. (2023) (<a href="#B77">77</a>) performed an expression analysis using microarray technology and identified differentially expressed mRNAs
Their study focused on analyzing circRNAs with binding sites for miR-154-5p
hsa_circ_0000276 had the most substantial binding capacity for miR-154-5p and showed an increased expression in CC tissue
the authors showed that hsa_circ_0000276 was associated with CD47
related to immune system processes; it was also reported that hsa_circ_0000276 increased proliferation and inhibited apoptosis
Through lncRNA/mRNA microarray technology, Xin et&#xa0;al. (2023) (<a href="#B78">78</a>) identified differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs in HPV16 and HPV18-positive CC tissues compared with normal tissues
They found that co-expression of LINC00511-PGK1 could be important in the HPV-mediated transformation
a score was proposed based on the co-expression of LINC00511 and PGK1 that predicted the overall survival of the patients with CC
E5 has gained relevance for participating in the progression and maintenance of CC
novel bioinformatic analyses have identified vital genes
and signaling pathways contributing to CC progression
Some of these findings have been proposed not only as potential biomarkers but also as therapeutic targets
our knowledge of the genetic changes contributing to this disease increases
which could eventually help improve diagnostic tests and treatment options for this type of cancer
VV-R: Writing &#x2013; review &amp; editing
LG-X: Writing &#x2013; review &amp; editing
OM-C: Writing &#x2013; review &amp; editing
The author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research
CONAHCYT PRONAII-7-Virus y C&#xe1;ncer 303044; National Cancer Institute of Mexico (017/007/IBI)(CEI/1144/17)
The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers
This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision
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Medina-Contreras O and Lizano M (2024) Molecular aspects of cervical cancer: a pathogenesis update
Received: 15 December 2023; Accepted: 05 March 2024;Published: 19 March 2024
Copyright &#xa9; 2024 Vallejo-Ruiz, Guti&#xe9;rrez-Xicotencatl, Medina-Contreras and Lizano. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY)</a>
*Correspondence: Marcela Lizano, <a id="encmail">bGl6YW5vQHVuYW0ubXg=</a>
&#x2020;These authors have contributed equally to this work
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by <a href="https://www.firstshowing.net/author/abillington/" title="Posts by Alex Billington" rel="author">Alex Billington</a>		November 30, 2020Source: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eMUypshyFKE" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank">YouTube</a>
You don't know who's listening." Kino Lorber has unveiled an official US trailer for an indie mother drama from Mexico titled Identifying Features
also known as Sin Señas Particulares (No Particular Signs) in Spanish
And the German title is Was Geschah mit Bus 670?
which just translates to What Happened to Bus 670?
The film follows Mercedes Hernandez as a mother who travels across Mexico in search for her son who authorities say died while trying to cross the border into the United States
director Fernanda Valadez has crafted a lyrical
equally constructed of moments of beauty and horror
Winner of the World Cinema Dramatic Audience and Screenplay Awards at this year's Sundance Film Festival." This also stars David Illescas
This looks like very powerful cinematic storytelling indeed
Here's the official US trailer (+ posters) for Fernanda Valadez's Identifying Features, from <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eMUypshyFKE" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">YouTube</a>:
Find more posts in: <a href="https://www.firstshowing.net/category/foreign-films/" rel="category tag">Foreign Films</a>, <a href="https://www.firstshowing.net/category/indies/" rel="category tag">Indies</a>, <a href="https://www.firstshowing.net/category/worthwatching/" rel="category tag">To Watch</a>, <a href="https://www.firstshowing.net/category/trailers/" rel="category tag">Trailer</a>
The constant pulsing score really did its job
Destinies like that make the core of society
Even if it looks to be on the edge of everything
this is what makes an impact on the center of what is important ..
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Middlesex County&rsquo;s efforts to limit cooperation with federal immigration officials haven't stopped&nbsp;enforcement agents from arresting immigrants showing up at court&nbsp;in New Brunswick
Immigration agents entered the courthouse 10 times between September and April
according to visitor logs recently provided to The&nbsp;Record and NorthJersey.com
a spokesman for Immigration and Customs Enforcement in Newark
said agents made arrests outside the courthouse during those visits
He would not say how many arrests were made
only that they&nbsp;were immigrants facing a variety of criminal charges
&ldquo;ICE Newark has continued to pursue its mission of protecting communities
despite the uncooperative demeanor of Middlesex County when it comes to honoring ICE detainers,&rdquo; Dabul said in a statement.&nbsp;
Middlesex County has prohibited local law enforcement from honoring federal detainer orders from ICE unless an inmate has been convicted of a serious felony
The local officials have also instructed sheriff's officers to only accept judicial arrest warrants
not Homeland Security detainer or arrest orders lacking judicial approval
Middlesex County Sheriff Mildred Scott did not return calls or emails seeking comment
Middlesex officials adopted its policy in June 2017
after ICE conducted a series of courthouse arrests
prompting an outcry from immigrant rights activists and attorneys in New Brunswick
New Jersey Chief Justice Stuart Rabner sent a letter to DHS calling for a prohibition against courthouse arrests
saying the actions erode public trust in the judicial system and discourage immigrants &mdash; defendants
victims and witnesses&nbsp;alike &mdash;&nbsp; from coming to court
The concerns prompted the New Jersey Administrative Office of the Courts to review court staff procedures for courthouse arrests of undocumented immigrants
MORE:&nbsp;<a href=https://www.northjersey.com/story/news/new-jersey/2018/07/18/nj-files-suit-against-u-s-justice-department-over-police-grants-byrne-jag/795967002/>NJ sues DOJ over threats to withhold police grants</a>
MORE:&nbsp;<a href=https://www.northjersey.com/story/news/new-jersey/2018/07/14/how-inmates-death-led-changes-hudson-county-nj-jail/773708002/>How a death led to changes at the Hudson County Jail</a>
acting administrative director of the courts,&nbsp;reprimanded court staff who contacted ICE over the&nbsp;immigration status of a defendant who was being offered pre-trial intervention
A court official told The Record the incident occurred in Middlesex County Courthouse
"When your clients&nbsp;are worried about ICE
I think they're less inclined to be honest with you
They're less inclined to be trusting of you
They're less inclined to want to cooperate in general with the criminal justice system," says Lauren Bayer
a public defender who has had two clients detained by ICE at the courthouse
and it also goes for crime victims and witnesses."
None of the 37 people arrested during a <a href=https://www.northjersey.com/story/news/new-jersey/2018/07/16/ice-arrests-37-immigrants-five-day-sweep-middlesex-county/789942002/>recent five-day sweep by ICE Newark</a> was detained at the courthouse
Nearly half were inmates who had been released from the Middlesex County Jail
MORE:&nbsp;<a href=https://www.northjersey.com/story/news/new-jersey/2018/07/16/ice-arrests-37-immigrants-five-day-sweep-middlesex-county/789942002/>ICE arrests 37 in </a><a href=https://www.northjersey.com/story/news/new-jersey/2018/07/16/ice-arrests-37-immigrants-five-day-sweep-middlesex-county/789942002/>five-day</a><a href=https://www.northjersey.com/story/news/new-jersey/2018/07/16/ice-arrests-37-immigrants-five-day-sweep-middlesex-county/789942002/> sweep in Middlesex County</a>
More than three-quarters of those arrested had a prior criminal conviction or&nbsp;face&nbsp;charges
ranging from illegally entering the country
The county's decision limiting cooperation with ICE continues to draw the ire of federal officials
The Justice Department has threatened to withhold certain federal funds from local law enforcement agencies that limit cooperation with ICE&nbsp;&mdash; a response several federal courts have rejected as unlawful
which aspires to be a sanctuary county by protecting criminal aliens
in the process assists criminals in undermining federal law
and creates a dangerous environment in the community,'' Ruben Perez
acting field office director of ICE's Enforcement and Removal Operations in Newark
said in a statement following the recent arrests
"It also overburdens local law enforcement."
ICE issued a directive in January formalizing its practice of arresting immigrants at courthouses.&nbsp;
The directive states that ICE officers should act discreetly to minimize their impact on court proceedings
leaving a suspect's&nbsp;family and friends alone unless they pose a public safety risk or interfere with ICE
ICE agents sign into the courthouse to review criminal records and observe "targeted individuals," Dabul said
Arrests are made outside the courthouse&nbsp;&mdash; often after the detainee has already passed through courthouse security screenings.&nbsp;
Public defender Lauren Bayer said an undocumented client,&nbsp;a co-defendant in a drug case
was detained in November as he was leaving a pre-trial hearing at the courthouse
Seth Kaper-Dale of the Reformed Church of Highland Park said the courthouse visitor logs confirm his suspicions that ICE has a constant presence at the courthouse.&nbsp;
Volunteers with the Deportation and Immigration Response Equipo (DIRE)
have staked out the courthouse while court is in session in response to rumors that ICE was making arrests near the courthouse.&nbsp;
said the visitor logs "key us into something going on here with ICE coming in to possibly take people away."&nbsp;
criminal defense attorneys in New Brunswick often ask each other if anyone has spotted ICE agents
They can&rsquo;t tell immigrant defendants not to show up
but at least they can be mentally prepared for the possibility that an arrest could disrupt their case
"Their status is never supposed to be an issue
but it seems to be coming up more and more," Bayer&nbsp;said
"As far as (a criminal charge) being the start of immigration proceedings
Dabul, the ICE spokesman, says targeted enforcement at courthouses is nothing new. But the&nbsp;practice has come under increased scrutiny as immigration arrests and deportations <a href=https://www.northjersey.com/story/news/new-jersey/2017/12/12/immigration-arrests-and-deportations-climb-new-jersey/942630001/>increase in New Jersey</a>
Arrests by Immigration and Customs Enforcement increased 30 percent between fiscal years 2016 and 2017
Deportations increased at a similar rate between Jan
That's up 31 percent over the same time period a year earlier
One of those arrested last year was Miguel Xicotencatl-Toxqui
an undocumented immigrant who was a victim in a road rage incident
Xicotencatl-Toxqui and his partner went to the hospital and reported&nbsp;the incident
but he was later charged with endangering the welfare of a child after police learned the couple left his partner's three children&nbsp;home&nbsp;alone
Xicotencatl-Toxqui pleaded guilty to a lesser
sheriff's officers arrested him inside the courtroom
"I don't think anyone expected ICE to come in," Bayer said
Local activists helped&nbsp;Xicotencatl-Toxqui get an immigration lawyer and he was released on bond
ICE Newark says that agents target individuals in courthouses for a variety of reasons
an immigrant may have unrelated immigration violations or may have gone years undetected by ICE before appearing on the court calendar
The county&rsquo;s policy of denying retainers on immigrant inmates unless they&rsquo;ve been convicted of a first- or second-degree crime also plays a role
&ldquo;ICE&rsquo;s enforcement activities in these same courthouses are wholly consistent with longstanding law enforcement practices nationwide
Courthouse arrests are often necessitated by the unwillingness of jurisdictions to cooperate with ICE in the transfer of custody of aliens from their prisons and jails,&rdquo; he said
Yet many public officials locally have sided with activists
requested that ICE add courthouses to its list of &ldquo;sensitive locations&rdquo; that agents are advised to avoid
&ldquo;When individuals fear that they will be arrested for a civil immigration violation if they set foot in a courthouse
serious consequences are likely to follow,"&nbsp;he wrote
MORE:&nbsp;<a href=https://www.northjersey.com/story/news/new-jersey/2017/12/12/immigration-arrests-and-deportations-climb-new-jersey/942630001/>Immigration arrests and deportations climb in New Jersey</a>
RELATED:&nbsp;<a href=https://www.northjersey.com/story/news/new-jersey/2018/04/23/ice-60-arrests-new-jersey-during-five-day-span/544701002/>ICE makes 60 arrests in New Jersey over 5 days</a>
MORE: <a href=https://www.northjersey.com/story/news/2018/06/24/newark-airport-ice-agents-seek-deter-female-genital-cutting/669029002/>Federal agents seek to deter female genital mutilation</a>
MORE:&nbsp;<a href=https://www.northjersey.com/story/news/new-jersey/2018/06/08/ice-detains-filippino-green-card-holder-11-year-old-nj-conviction-highland-park/681354002/>ICE detains green card holder over 11-year-old conviction</a>
Since Middlesex County adopted its policy limiting cooperation with ICE, arrests like&nbsp;Xicotencatl-Toxqui's have been rare.
"I think it put a real chill on ICE," said Ellen Whitt, a member of the Immigrant Rights Committee of the&nbsp;Central Jersey Coalition Against Endless War who campaigned for the policy. "They realized they weren't going to get that level of cooperation from the sheriff's department without a judicial order."
That doesn&rsquo;t stop ICE from arresting defendants before they&rsquo;ve resolved their&nbsp;criminal cases, Whitt added.
&rdquo;They're never convicted or shown to be innocent,&rdquo; she said. &ldquo;It just circumvents the whole court process."
The courthouse arrests of immigrants have prompted judiciary officials to review their own practices.
In his June 26 memorandum,&nbsp;Judge Grant, the acting administrative director of the courts, said&nbsp;it was &ldquo;inappropriate for court staff&rdquo;&nbsp;to call ICE to ask about someone&rsquo;s&nbsp;immigration status. He cited a 2007 state judiciary directive that states only the prosecutor can contact ICE to check a defendant's status.&nbsp;
Grant noted in the memorandum that the judiciary had launched a working group to study the arrests of undocumented immigrants at courthouses. An AOC spokesman declined to comment on the memorandum, saying it was an internal document.
Bayer said the AOC's memorandum was a step in the right direction.
"It doesn't solve everything, but at least you can have steps to make a piece of the process safer for them (immigrant defendants)," she said. "I think it does make the integrity of the whole system better."
Steph Solis: @stephmsolis; 732-403-0074; ssolis@gannett.com
Jan. 31 (UPI) -- Mexico's Secretariat of National Defense said it arrested two lieutenants who attempted to sell 11 AK-47s and three AR-15s to members of the Los Zetas cartel for about $5,000.
The men are identified by Nuevo Laredo en Vivo as Jose Manuel Nuñes Santiago and Ambrosio Salgado Brito, who were arrested after an inspection was carried out because they appeared nervous.
A member of Mexico's National Security Cabinet told Milenio on Sunday the lieutenants will be punished accordingly. The lieutenants were delivered to the Attorney General's Office and will be prosecuted under Mexico's military justice system.
Los Zetas is a vast criminal enterprise involved in drug, firearms and sex trafficking based in Nuevo Laredo, a town bordering the United States in Tamaulipas. The cartel is a rival of Joaquin "El Chapo" Guzman's Sinaloa Cartel.
The expected tariff cost is significantly lower than the $4 billion to $5 billion crosstown rival General Motors estimates, which Ford attributes to its higher mix of U.S.-built vehicles. 
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CEO of Elder Automotive Group and the first woman to own a Ford dealership in the Detroit area
\"not able to speak a word of English,\" she wrote in a biography sent to Automotive News in 2000
she moved to Michigan with her husband James Elder in 1963
She later took over the Troy Ford dealership he acquired in 1967
and built it into one of the largest woman-owned businesses in the country
\"There is a feeling that the automotive industry is a man's business,\" she said in an in-depth <a href=\"http://www.autonews.com/article/20080602/OEM02/306029957\" target=\"_blank\">interview with Automotive News</a> in 2008
but there is some patronizing if you are a woman
'I'm a woman' or 'I'm a minority.' It's not going to get us anyplace.\"
The National Association of Minority Automobile Dealers awarded Elder its 2014 Lifetime Achievement Award in July
Ford Executive Chairman Bill Ford said in a statement: \"Irma was one of our most respected and pioneering Ford dealers
She was relentless in her pursuit of success in business
Her warmth and passion will be missed by all who knew her
Elder and General Motors CEO Mary Barra were honored earlier this year by the Michigan Women’s Foundation
“Irma Elder built one of the most successful woman-owned businesses in the country and she was a role model of service to her community
her state and the country,\" Barra said in a statement on Tuesday
Elder Automotive operates eight Michigan dealerships selling Ford
Land Rover and Aston Martin vehicle brands along with stores in Florida selling Ford
7 on the Crain’s Detroit Business list of largest auto dealers in Southeast Michigan
reporting revenue of $343.6 million in 2013
Automotive News named Elder to its list of 100 Leading Women in the North American Auto Industry in 2000
She served on numerous business and philanthropic boards
including the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago’s Detroit board of directors
the Detroit Chamber of Commerce and the Economic Club of Detroit
including Ford Motor Co.’s President’s Award and being named among Hispanic Business Magazine’s Top 25 Elite Women of the Year
Elder had also been appointed to the Commission on White House Fellowships by President George W
For funeral arrangements and other details, <a href=\"http://www.desmondfuneralhome.com/obituary/Irma-Rose-Elder/_/1425825#obit-services\" target=\"_blank\">click on her obituary here</a>
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and Brussels-based practice Sergison Bates has won this year’s MJ Long Prize for De Korenbloem sheltered housing
a care home for residents with young-onset dementia in Belgium
Sergison Bates’ pilot project to <a href="https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/buildings/sergison-bates-completes-sheltered-housing-for-young-dementia-sufferers-in-belgium">retrofit the two villas and connect them to two new buildings in the Flemish town of Kortrijk</a>
in collaboration with Studio Thys Vermeulen
was backed by the Ministry for Welfare and the Vlaams Bouwmeester (Flemish Government Architect)
It is the third care home Gabriëls Webb has designed for the practice in Europe
The judges felt her ‘special’ and ‘optimistic’ work on this project really set a precedent and would love to see it rolled out within the UK – where there is a real need for projects like this
‘Her work really challenges expectations of the way we develop architecture – by unlearning and listening,’ they said
They pointed to the important aspect of social sustainability as well
‘This is architecture actually changing lives as well as saving lives,’ they said
adding: ‘This is something which really distinguishes her project.’
Justinien Tribillon wrote in February’s Architectural Review of the scheme: ‘To spend time in a nursing home is testing emotionally
bringing back painful memories of watching loved ones fade away in bleak environments – a far cry from the building I visited today.’
studied in Germany before gaining professional experience in The Netherlands ahead of moving to London
She became an associate at the practice’s London office in 2014
MJ Long Prize winner: De Korenbloem sheltered housing in Kortrijk
Also <a href="https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/park-hill-architect-amongst-shortlist-for-2023s-mj-long-prize">shortlisted for the MJ Long Prize</a> were Jennifer Dyne of David Kohn Architects
Imogen Softley Pierce of Hugh Broughton Architects and Amy Waite of Mikhail Riches
The MJ Long Prize for Excellence in Practice
is open to UK-based female architects and is judged on an overall body of work with the emphasis on a recently completed project
Last year’s <a href="https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/social-housing-champion-wins-mj-long-prize-2022">winner was Islington Council architects design team leader Fiona Monkman</a> for her work on Centurion Close
a 100 per cent social-rent housing scheme in Islington
The award, named in memory of inspirational architect, lecturer and writer <a href="https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/inspirational-british-library-architect-mj-long-dies-aged-79">Mary Jane (MJ) Long</a>
was judged by architectural broadcaster Kunle Barker
writer and curator Ruth Lang and MJ Long’s daughter
The panel was chaired by AJ technical editor and deputy architecture editor Fran Williams
the Moira Gemmill Prize for Emerging Architecture was awarded to Viviana Pozzoli
co-founder of Paraguay-based practice Equipo de Arquitectura
The award recognises excellence in design and a bright future for international designers under the age of 45
Pozzoli was awarded for an early childhood centre in Villeta in Paraguay
ecological and economic challenges of working in Paraguay to create buildings rooted in their place
co-founded with Horacio Cherniavsky in 2017
is interested in raw earth as a primary construction material
as shown on its early childhood centre in Villeta and the Intermediate House in Asunción
The judges said: ‘There is something very true and honest about the work Pozzoli is making
responding to the local climate and context and with an impressive emphasis on daylight and air
‘The technologies that the practice is developing can be used by local communities without their input
Moira Gemmill Prize winner: Centre for Early Childhood by Equipo de Arquitectura
Highly commended was Loreta Castro Reguera
for its growing portfolio of public space projects
including Parque Xicoténcatl in Tijuana and Parque Bicentenario in Ecatepec on the periphery of Mexico City
Judging the Moira Gemmill prize was chief executive of Open City Phineas Harper; previous W Awards winners Swati Janu and Sheila O’Donnell and the Fitzwilliam Museum’s Karen Livingstone
The shortlist also featured Studio Ossidiana in The Netherlands and Ghana and US-based Limbo Accra – completing a list of practices working locally and internationally on built work
Last year’s Moira Gemmill Prize was awarded to Swati Janu
for her work in the city of Dehli and the territory around the Yamuna River
equipping local communities with the skills to navigate complex planning processes that seek to evict them
Both prizes form part of the AJ and AR’s <a href="https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/w-awards-and-programme">W Awards</a>
which celebrate exemplary work of all kinds
from the design of the world’s most significant new buildings to contributions to wider architectural culture
from lifetimes of achievement to the work of women with bright futures ahead
The winners of the 2023 Jane Drew and Ada Louise Huxtable prizes, announced in January, are <a href="https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/winners-of-jane-drew-and-ada-louise-huxtable-prizes-announced">Kazuyo Sejima and Phyllis Lambert</a>. There is also an inaugural <a href="https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/part-w-collective-wins-the-inaugural-w-awards-research-prize">Prize for Research in Gender and Architecture</a>
Tags<a href="https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/tag/mj-long-prize" rel="tag">MJ Long Prize</a> <a href="https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/tag/moira-gemmill-prize-for-emerging-architecture" rel="tag">Moira Gemmill Prize for Emerging Architecture</a> <a href="https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/tag/sergison-bates" rel="tag">Sergison Bates</a> <a href="https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/tag/w-awards-2023" rel="tag">W Awards 2023</a>
BDP’s College of Arts &amp; Society at Coventry University has been named&hellip;
Lewisham Council has given Turner Works planning permission for a mixed-use regeneration&hellip;
Wandsworth Council has given Gehry Partners planning permission for two more residential&hellip;
Southwark Council has approved tp bennett’s plans for a 25-storey student tower&hellip;
and singer who has a net worth of $6 million
Eduardo Verastegui was born in Xicotencatl
The band was active from 1993 to 1999 and Eduardo Verastegui was a member from 1994 to 1996
He has also released solo work with his self-titled debut studio album being released in 2001
Eduardo Verastegui appeared in the <a href=https://www.celebritynetworth.com/richest-celebrities/singers/jennifer-lopez/ title="Jennifer Lopez Net Worth">Jennifer Lopez</a> music video "Ain't It Funny"
As an actor he has appeared in films including Chasing Papi
Eduardo Verastegui has also appeared in episodes of TV series including CSI: Miami
In 2008 he won a MovieGuide Award for Most Inspirational Move Acting for Bella
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