A finite element model was constructed using COMSOL Multiphysics to simulate the behavior of IONPs within a dynamic blood vessel environment. Governing equations such as Ampère’s law and Faraday’s law of induction were incorporated to simulate the induced voltage in a copper coil as MNPs of various sizes flowed through the vessel. Rheological parameters, including blood viscosity and flow rates, were factored into the model using a non-Newtonian fluid approach. This computational model demonstrates the feasibility of using superparamagnetic nanoparticles in real-time, non-invasive diagnostic systems. Volume 12 - 2024 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2024.1500756 A correction has been applied to this article in: Corrigendum: Computational modeling of superparamagnetic nanoparticle-based (affinity) diagnostics Introduction: Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) particularly iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are renowned for their superparamagnetic behavior allowing precise control under external magnetic fields This characteristic makes them ideal for biomedical applications which exhibit magnetization only in the presence of an external field can be functionalized with ligands for targeted affinity diagnostics This study presents a computational model to explore the induced voltage in a search coil when MNPs pass through a simulated blood vessel aiming to improve non-invasive diagnostic methods for disease detection and monitoring Methods: A finite element model was constructed using COMSOL Multiphysics to simulate the behavior of IONPs within a dynamic blood vessel environment Governing equations such as Ampère’s law and Faraday’s law of induction were incorporated to simulate the induced voltage in a copper coil as MNPs of various sizes flowed through the vessel were factored into the model using a non-Newtonian fluid approach Results: The amount of MNPs required for detection varies significantly based on the sensitivity of the detection equipment and the size of the nanoparticles themselves For highly sensitive devices like a SQUID voltmeter with a coil sensitivity approximately 10−12 V very low MNP concentrations—approximately 10−4 μg/mL—are sufficient for detection such as with standard voltmeters at 10−8 V or 10−6 V the MNP concentration required for detection rises approaching or even exceeding potentially toxic levels the physical size of MNPs plays a role; larger nanoparticles (e.g. 50 nm radius) require fewer total particles for detection at the same sensitivity than smaller particles like those with a 2.5 nm radius at a coil sensitivity of 10−10 V a 2.5 nm particle requires approximately 1012 particles This highlights the importance of optimizing both detection sensitivity and particle size to balance effective detection with safety Conclusion: This computational model demonstrates the feasibility of using superparamagnetic nanoparticles in real-time these nanoparticles quickly lose their magnetization This reversible behavior makes them useful for applications where controlled and transient magnetic responses are desired MRI contrast agents for enhanced diagnostic imaging and even in environmental remediation processes According to Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction any change in magnetic flux through a coil of wire induces a voltage across its ends We present the concept of a diagnostic platform that detects and monitors MNPs in the bloodstream by using external magnetic fields to induce measurable voltage changes inside a coil (Figure 1) This capability forms the foundation of a sensitive and specific diagnostic tool If particles are not functionalized with a ligand they could provide information about renal and/or hepatic clearance depending on their size; they could also inform about blood rheological parameters particles functionalized with specific ligands could assess a diverse array of biomarkers The device’s versatility extends to its application methods: it can be placed invasively around a vessel for precise monitoring or noninvasively as a ring or wristband for continuous monitoring providing enhanced sensitivity for detailed diagnostics The real-time data integration capabilities of this device would offer healthcare providers immediate feedback on disease progression (A) Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction As a magnet moves through or toward a coil (B) A single magnetic nanoparticle is usually composed of three different domains: a magnetic core The magnetic core is responsible for the magnetic properties attributed to the particle The coating serves for biocompatibility purposes and allows complexing with chemical components Those chemical components can be functional ligands such as antibodies magnetic nanoparticles are injected into the circulatory system of the patient Chemical components attached to the MNP’s surface trigger binding to a specific target cell or marker of interest (i.e. the MNP–target complex induces a distinct voltage profile inside the coil The dynamic magnetic flux within the search coil generates an electromotive force we could easily imagine a wristband or peribrachial coil (D) A finite element numerical model was developed using COMSOL Multiphysics (version 5.5 This model utilized the magnetic fields (mf) module to explore the material properties of iron oxide and cobalt ferrite as well as to analyze the magnetic field strength generated by a coil In this study, the governing Equations 16 for the magnetic and electric fields The magnetic field intensity H is related to the current density J through Ampère’s Law: where ∇ × H represents the curl of the magnetic field and J is the current density The magnetic flux density B is derived from the magnetic vector potential A as follows: The total current density J consists of the conduction current density and any external current density Je where σ is the electrical conductivity The external current density Je is given by where N is the number of turns inside the coil and ecoil is the unit vector in the direction of the coil The electric field E is related to the magnetic vector potential A through the time-derivative A copper coil (5 cm × 5 cm) with 40 turns was modeled in COMSOL to generate a magnetic field capable of inducing magnetization in a material placed at its center. The current induced in the coil was set at 5000 A at 50 Hz to allow the material to reach its saturation. The material brought to saturation and their properties (Table 1) are governed by the Jiles–Atherton hysteresis Material properties of iron oxide and cobalt ferrite and where μ0 is the permeability of free space and M is the magnetization of the material the coil was powered by an AC from a standard outlet with a voltage of 220 V and a frequency of 50 Hz The coil’s radius and height were set at 5 cm and 10 cm A 2D computational simulation was performed using COMSOL Multiphysics to evaluate the induced voltage by a single MNP moving within a blood vessel. The simulation was built on the same governing equations as in Section 3.1 we accounted for the rheological properties of blood by utilizing an inelastic non-Newtonian fluid model based on the Carreau model The model parameters used were zero shear rate viscosity (0.056 Pa·s) infinite shear rate viscosity (0.0035 Pa·s) A laminar flow inlet was created with a velocity of 7.1 cm/s allowing the MNP to move freely due to the coupling between the laminar flow and solid structure modules The particle’s motion within the flow was simulated at different points in time to capture the magnetization profile of MNPs with varying diameters (5 nm The flux inside the coil was first calculated for a single particle using the following formula (Tu, 2013): where (∫B⋅ds) is the line integral of the magnetic field (B) along the path of the current loop and it represents the total magnetic flux through the loop μ0 represents the permeability of free space which is a constant in electromagnetism (4π x 10−7 Tm/A) m represents the magnetic moment of a single 30-nm iron oxide MNP and 4π is related to the spherical geometry of the problem The double integral represents the contribution of the magnetic field due to the current loop at a point in space The outer integral is with respect to the angle (θ) around the loop and the inner integral is with respect to the radial distance (r) from the center of the loop The integrand 1r3 is related to the magnetic field expression for a magnetic dipole According to Faraday’s law of induction, the induced voltage in the coil can be calculated as shown in Equation 8 v(t) is the expression of voltage over time n represents the number of turns in the coil and d∅tdt expresses the change of magnetic flux over time with ϖ being the angle between the magnetic vector of the MNP and the coil The distance to the center of the coil in the x-axis calculated to determine the motion of the particle (hence was calculated using the following formula: Equations 79 were implemented into Blender (version 4.2.0. and the simulations were performed using a bidirectional cylindrical geometry using the particle generator module The same equations were also implemented in Jupyter Notebook (Project Jupyter) to calculate the toxicity range of the particles The detection limits of MNPs were assessed using different voltmeters The relationship between coil sensitivity and the number of MNPs required to induce a detectable voltage signal was modeled The detection limit was determined for different MNP sizes (5 nm and 100 nm) and compared to safe MNP concentrations The model considered physiological parameters such as cardiac output (5 L/min) and the percentage of cardiac output directed to the forearm (2.3%) and leg (6.5%) The total blood volume per arterial pulse reaching the forearm and leg was calculated to be approximately 1.5 mL and 4.5 mL The voltage induced by MNPs within these volumes was then simulated providing insight into the safe ranges for MNP doses in biomedical applications These nanoparticles retain a significant amount of magnetization even after the external field is withdrawn The coercivity and remanence observed in these nanoparticles make them unsuitable for our application where ferromagnetic behavior outside the field of the coil could lead to clustering of the MNPs and clotting of the blood vessel Magnetization-magnetic field strength curves (M-H curves) (A) This plot illustrates the magnetic field strength of a 5-cm by 5-cm copper coil consisting of 40 turns The material at the center of the coil has reached its saturation magnetization due to the current induced within the coil The field lines and intensity indicate the distribution and magnitude of the magnetic field showing how the material interacts with the magnetic field generated by the coil M-H curves were simulated for iron oxide and cobalt ferrite using this model This means that in the absence of an external magnetic field the material does not retain any magnetization when an external magnetic field is applied the magnetization of iron oxide rapidly increases and approaches saturation but without the hysteresis typical of ferromagnetic materials indicating no remanent magnetization or coercivity cobalt ferrite exhibits ferromagnetic properties It shows an initial rapid increase in magnetization The hysteresis loop in the curve indicates significant remanent magnetization and high coercivity we also determined the maximum magnetic field that could be induced by a coil powered by a standard outlet with a voltage of 220 V and a frequency of 50 Hz Because the length is directly proportional to its resistance and inversely proportional to current the number of turns inside the coil does not impact the induced magnetic field and a height of 10 cm induces a magnetic field of 2299.1 Oe leads to a magnetization for a single 5 nm and 100 nm iron oxide MNP of 1.15e−17 emu Simulation results of a single iron oxide magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) within a blood vessel The parameters were selected to accurately represent the rheological properties of blood under physiological conditions illustrating how different MNP sizes (5 nm: blue; 30 nm: yellow; 50 nm: green; 100 nm: red) respond to an alternating magnetic field Those results were extrapolated from the M-H curves (B) Magnetization profile of the MNPs over time highlighting the oscillatory behavior induced by the alternating magnetic field with the magnetization curve indicating the time at which the MNPs travel through the center of the coil (C–F) Detailed voltage measurements over time captured by the search coil system at different points within the simulated blood vessel showing the induced signal by a single MNP with a diameter of 5 nm (C) To validate the model, the induced voltage of a single MNP was computed and compared to the induced voltage mathematically calculated (Figure 4A) The results show a similar order of magnitude of voltage induced in the coil The difference can be attributed to particle velocity which is not accounted for in the mathematical model function Simulations were performed in Blender using a bidirectional cylindrical geometry and the particle generator module (A) The induced voltage in a coil (with a radius of 5 cm and 2000 turns was simulated) by a 30 nm iron oxide magnetic nanoparticle (IONP) at a velocity of 0.7 m/s compared to the mathematical model function 1,000 magnetic IONPs were generated in pulses at a frequency of 1 Hz (C) The noise produced by the IONPs flowing in the opposite direction Ten thousand particles flowing at 0.07 m/s were generated in a continuous mode Lastly, we demonstrate that the detection limits of MNPs vary significantly with the type of voltmeter used (Figure 5) has a detection limit at the lowest MNP concentration followed by the 5,000$ voltmeter (Keithley Nanovoltmeter Model 2182A USA) and the 1,500$ voltmeter (Keithley DMM6500 6.5 The MNP amounts required for detection fall into the safe range at lower coil sensitivities but move into the potentially toxic range and toxic range as the sensitivity decreases the total amount of MNPs needed for detection decreases the required MNP amount is inversely proportional to the MNP radius: larger MNPs require fewer particles for detection at a given sensitivity This indicates that for applications requiring high sensitivity using larger MNPs could be advantageous in minimizing the total nanoparticle load while maintaining detectability These findings are crucial for optimizing the use of MNPs in biomedical applications Ensuring MNP amounts remain within the safe range while achieving sufficient detectability is vital for minimizing toxicity risks Advanced detection methods like SQUID voltmeters offer significant advantages in sensitivity allowing for lower MNP doses and reducing potential toxicity A safe number of magnetic nanoparticles induces a detectable voltage signal (A) The relationship between coil sensitivity and the mass of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) required to produce a detectable voltage signal Detection limits are shown for different voltmeter sensitivities along with the placement of the coil Assuming one arterial pulse passes through the coil for each timestep the difference in mass of MNPs needed for detection was calculated for a pulse volume in the forearm and leg The green shaded area represents the safe range of the MNP mass the pink shaded area represents the toxic range and the transition region is potentially toxic (B) The number of MNPs needed to induce a detectable voltage signal as a function of coil sensitivity for different particle radii Data points indicate how particle size influences the required MNP quantity We present the concept of a nanoparticle-based affinity detection platform for detecting circulating MNPs, enabling clinicians to monitor and diagnose multiple conditions using a single device and pre-complexed MNPs. The perivascular coil detects magnetic field variations from MNPs in the pulsatile bloodstream, where these MNPs, selectively binding to disease or drug targets, act as molecular probes (Pan et al., 2012; Veiseh et al., 2010) This approach addresses challenges in current diagnostics by facilitating real-time monitoring of MNP concentrations thereby potentially increasing diagnostic resolution Our simulation indicates that noise generated by venous MNP flow moving in the opposite direction at a slower rate is substantially lower than the arterial pulse signal; in practical devices this noise can be further mitigated with signal processing strategies like targeted filtering and device design like magnetic shielding supporting the platform’s high sensitivity and specificity The simulations demonstrate the potential and feasibility of this platform using a simple search coil While basic equipment suffices to show the concept advanced approaches can enhance accuracy and efficacy Simulations confirm that the platform operates safely within non-toxic parameters but alternative solutions could increase particle magnetization further improving the platform’s potential applications The interaction between the bound and unbound MNPs with the coil might yield a distinct voltage profile based on the drag forces experienced by the bound and unbound particles this approach could provide a real-time and non-invasive means of differentiating between particles based on their magnetic behavior Further research and experimentation are essential to validate and refine these hypotheses for practical application This methodology can be further extended to diagnose target cells bound to MNPs, such as T-cells, in the context of transplantation rejection. By conjugating MNPs with specific ligands or antibodies that bind to T-cells, it becomes possible to track the migration and accumulation of these immune cells in the body in the case of organ transplantation, where the timely detection of transplant rejection is crucial (Lantieri et al., 2020) similar strategies could be employed to monitor other cell types implicated in various diseases such as tracking metastatic cancer cells or identifying infections If the detection is sensitive enough to detect a single cell loaded with MNPs this method could be used to monitor a significantly expanded blood volume One major limitation of current diagnostic methods is their reliance on small volumes of extracted blood translates to only 5,000 to 50,000 cells in the entire blood volume This low detection threshold is inadequate for timely intervention in diseases such as metastasis where early detection is critical for effective treatment current ex vivo and in vitro diagnostic tests require the extraction of cells or markers from living organisms which can alter their properties and impede their study within a natural biological context The preparation procedures for ex vivo testing can also be time-consuming leading to delays in diagnosis and treatment Ex vivo sampling is typically discontinuous which further complicates the detection of dynamic changes in cell populations over time Addressing these limitations requires the development of novel diagnostic technologies that enable non-invasive real-time monitoring of cellular dynamics within the body Such advancements could revolutionize early disease detection and facilitate prompt therapeutic interventions particularly in continuous monitoring applications where repeated doses or sustained presence might be necessary Achieving miniaturization without sacrificing sensitivity poses an engineering challenge that demands rigorous testing and refinement the sensitivity and specificity of MNPs in binding to targets may introduce variations in diagnostic accuracy Real-world applications may encounter environmental factors and patient-specific conditions influencing device performance The finite element model developed in COMSOL has several inherent limitations primarily due to simplifications and assumptions that ensure computational feasibility but may reduce model accuracy One key limitation is the idealization of the coil’s material and geometry; properties like electrical conductivity and magnetic permeability are assumed to be uniform which may not fully represent real-world variations in material quality or structural inconsistencies the non-Newtonian Carreau model captures basic flow behavior but does not consider complex interactions with vessel walls or blood cells potentially affecting the accuracy of nanoparticle motion and magnetic response predictions we acknowledge that the aggregation of MNPs within blood vessels can significantly impact their effective size and detection limits While our analysis incorporated different particle sizes to account for potential variations it is important to recognize that computing the precise dynamics of aggregation is a complex challenge The size changes considered in our analyses represent a simplification of the intricate interactions occurring in vivo our findings provide a feasible in silico model for utilizing MNPs and a magnetic coil The calculated parameters offer quantitative measures that guide experimental designs providing a basis for optimizing MNP concentrations and coil sensitivities in practical applications the presented equations offer a pathway for tailoring detection systems based on specific coil configurations and MNP characteristics contributing to the advancement of magnetic nanoparticle-based diagnostics The thorough consideration of these parameters enhances the feasibility and reliability of detecting MNPs in various biomedical applications laying the groundwork for further investigations and refinements in the field The raw data supporting the conclusions of this article will be made available by the authors HO: validation and writing–review and editing YB: investigation and writing–review and editing JC: validation and writing–review and editing The author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Grant No Engineering Research Center for Advanced Technologies for the Preservation of Biological System (ATP-Bio) The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher Recent approaches in magnetic nanoparticle-based 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Lellouch, YWxlbGxvdWNoQG1nYi5vcmc= Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher 94% of researchers rate our articles as excellent or goodLearn more about the work of our research integrity team to safeguard the quality of each article we publish Log in for full access to stabroeknews.com Only one active session is allowed per subscriber Huis T’ Dieren Primary of Essequibo captured the Champion of Champions crown in the Future Warriors Tapeball Tournament following an unbeaten campaign yesterday at the Georgetown Cricket Club This was confirmed by a press release from the organising committee Captain Jayden Garner top scored with 26 (4x4s 1×6) from 11 deliveries when Tejpaul Persaud and Liam Budram added 15 and nine runs Aaron DaCosta was the pick of the bowlers with figures of 3-12 in his two overs He also provided the perfect start for the Essequibians during their pursuit of the total as he tallied 16 runs (1×4 Lokeraj Persaud Jael Bissoon sealed the result as they tallied 22 (3x4s Garner snared the only wicket in the contest as he ended with figures of 1-29 in two overs the nephew of national player Jonathan Foo ended the tournament as the leading run scorer with 124 runs in four innings Aaron DaCosta was the leading wicket-taker (five wickets in four innings at an average of 12.2 and an economy rate of 7.62) DaCosta was also named the Most Valuable Player for his standout performance with the ball and 122 runs with the bat.” A FREE roundup of top news from Guyana you might otherwise miss You are using an outdated browser. Please upgrade your browser to improve your experience Strawberry Swing vendors are positioned on the north lawn of Liberty Memorial just south of Union Station; photo courtesy of Katie Mabry Van Dieren Katie Mabry van Dieren and her small businesses have been impacted by gun violence and now the advocate for local makers is calling for gun reform “It’s unimaginable,” Mabry van Dieren, owner of Shop Local KC and founder of Strawberry Swing said in the wake of Wednesday’s mass shooting at the end of the Chiefs’ victory rally at Union Station The most recent gun violence — not far from where Mabry van Dieren organized pop-up vendors during the celebratory post-Super Bowl event — follows the Shop Local KC team being held up at gunpoint in 2022 in Midtown and a shooting at her brand’s Crown Center store about a month ago “My immediate reaction to the shooting was intense fear RELATED: Fans packed Chiefs rally, one didn’t come home; citywide trauma from shooting won’t heal quickly, grief expert says “(These gun-related incidents) have definitely added unneeded stress “The feeling that your team may be in danger is one that I never want to feel again I would be devastated if anything happened to them We must push for gun regulation and make sure that there is more needed to purchase a gun.” Although Mabry van Dieren was at her shop working on Valentine’s Day flower arrangements and not at the rally she noted her Strawberry Swing vendors were just off the parade route in tents up on top of the hill at Liberty Memorial They didn’t hear the gunfire or the screams from the deadly shooting but were clued in when people were quickly vacating the hill Strawberry Swing vendors sit on the south side of Liberty Memorial and Union Station; photo courtesy of Katie Mabry Van Dieren a 43-year-old mother of two from Shawnee and a DJ for KKFI radio in Midtown Lopez-Galvan went to high school with Mabry van Dieren who said she was a kind and happy person who always had a smile on her face RELATED: ‘We love you, Lisa’ — Vigil honors Johnson County woman killed in Super Bowl rally shooting Two teenagers were charged Friday in the incident In the immediate aftermath of the shooting fearing for their lives and worrying about abandoning their vendor tables and tents “They were extremely frightened and felt like sitting ducks because they had nowhere to go,” she explained “They could not leave their tents/products Once the all clear was given for them to get their cars and load up I believe one whole hour had passed since the shooting So you can imagine how they felt up there.” The large crowd suddenly being forced to leave the area obviously cut short sales for makers and at her Crown Center shop “I would assume we all lost a few thousand dollars of sales due to this violence but we didn’t lose our lives,” she continued “My deepest condolences go out to the family of my high school classmate Lisa Lopez and all of those who were injured or witnessed these horrific events.” A post shared by ❤︎ The Strawberry Swing ❤︎ KC’s Original Makers Market ❤︎︎ (@strawberryswingkc) Wednesday’s violence doesn’t make Mabry van Dieren doubt the success and viability of future Strawberry Swing and Shop Local KC events that involve large gatherings, she said. But it is making her raise her voice in a call to action on gun legislation. She noted that — according to Everytown research — Missouri has one of the highest rates of gun deaths “I am not going to live in fear,” Mabry van Dieren continued “I will not let this stop us from attending or participating in large events This could happen anywhere due to Missouri’s extremely lax gun laws I will work hard to elect officials who will value human life over the gun lobby and hope that nothing like this happens again in our great city.” She said she’s unsure how these incidents of gun violence are impacting small businesses in the areas where they happen as two of the incidents that affected her just happened within the past month She’s hoping it doesn’t make people less likely to come to her stores — in Crown Center and Brookside — or popups “I do feel like people were less likely to come to my Midtown shop (which closed in 2023) from afar after we were robbed at gunpoint,” she added “but I do not think people will be less inclined to come to Crown Center.” An amateur chess player with a national rating of 1512, who had raised suspicion due to strong results at recent tournaments, was caught carrying a phone during a game at the Dutch Open Championship in Dieren the arbiters discovered that the player was carrying a smartphone during his game all the player's results were annulled and he was removed from the tournament The incident is being investigated by FIDE and the Dutch federation Chess.com has decided to not report on the amateur player's name during the open investigation The 19-year-old player from the Utrecht region started playing for a chess club three and a half years ago He entered the Dutch rating list in May 2018 with a rating of 1425 He remained roughly at that level in the next lists (1444 in August 2018 1512 in February 2019 and due to inactivity also 1512 in May 2019) but started playing at a much higher level early summer: the player had won 373 rating points in three months Even with a K-factor as high as 30 (meaning that ratings under 2000 always fluctuate more) and other players sharing their suspicions with them Some of them had also been arbiters at the aforementioned tournaments.  They had checked some recent games of the player and felt that many moves were too good to be true "A Dutch IM who visited the tournament agreed with us and said that several moves were clearly coming from a chess engine," said arbiter Joost Jansen The arbiters kept track of the player's activity during games and noticed he was visiting the toilet a lot—up to 15 times per game Jansen: "There were three ways to reach the toilets and after round four chief arbiter Koos Stolk decided to talk to the player so I decided to order a metal detector online," said Jansen "The FIDE Fair Play Commission recommends using such a device." the detector arrived before the penultimate round Stolk took the scanner and asked the player to join him when Stolk told him: "That comes down to being tested positive." The threat was stronger than the execution Before the scanner was actually used on him the player showed a smartphone that was hidden in a pocket that he was wearing inside his pants That's why emptying his pockets after round four hadn't brought it up and several chess apps were found as well as all games the player had played in his recent What was not found was a chess engine with the current position of his game The player was promptly removed from the tournament and his results declared void. Soon a correction to the Dutch August rating list will be published with the player's results in the other tournaments annulled as well "I knew I was not allowed to carry a phone but I didn't know it would be so serious," he said "I thought I would only get a warning. That was very naive." Asked why he kept the phone in a special pocket inside his pants he replied: "I thought it would disturb people if they would see it." He denied having carried a phone with him in the other rounds or at earlier tournaments He finished by saying: "I apologize for creating so much mayhem." The case in Dieren was shared with the FIDE Fair Play Commission and soon the Disciplinary Committee of the Dutch Chess Federation will decide on a penalty The federation intends to always have a metal detector at hand in future tournaments. "We'll need to have one to put the pressure on potential cheaters," said Stolk.  a Dutch amateur player was banned for three years after he was caught using Pocket Fritz during his game In 2015 a Georgian grandmaster received a three-year ban and lost his GM title after his phone was discovered hidden in a toilet A month ago a Latvian-Czech grandmaster was caught using a phone at the toilet during a game The story went viral in mainstream media when a photo was leaked Email: peter@chess.com FOR SUPPORT PLEASE USE chess.com/support!Phone: 1 (800) 318-2827Address: 877 E 1200 S #970397 2021 8:00 AMFrom Tamagotchi to Nintendogs: Why People Love Digital PetsElectronic companions keep drawing us back—and it's not just because they don’t have fleas.In The Companion you play as the companion animal to help your family you just take care of your furry friend.Courtesy of Studio 46Save this storySaveSave this storySaveAll products featured on Wired are independently selected by our editors we may receive compensation from retailers and/or from purchases of products through these links and I’ll most likely continue for many more It’s extremely satisfying tending to my fish something that keeps me logging in multiple times per day I’ve readily integrated this habit into my life What is it that draws us to keep digital pets Owning a digital pet means first achieving the basic goal of keeping it alive these pets give us the companionship we crave all without ever having to scoop poop or suffer from allergies That’s because they don’t actually exist outside of the hardware they’re programmed on Yet with so much else going on in our modern-day lives what keeps us coming back to caring for something that’s not tangible But are digital pets even meant to live forever? Veterinary science scholar Jean-Loup Rault published a paper in the journal Frontiers in Veterinary Science about digital pets as a replacement robotic pets appear to elicit similar responses from humans as live pets.” Perhaps it was this toy fad that truly cemented into our eager minds the idea of keeping a virtual pet alive indefinitely That would certainly have a benefit over real animals These simulation-style games brought more realistic graphics making the digital pet look and feel more real The dogs were real breeds with recognizable characteristics This raised the bar even further in terms of what our digital pets could look like and the things they could do but this felt still like a game more than an actual pet I needed something that could accompany me beyond the console hardware Enter mobile phone apps, which brought such gems as Neko Atsume in 2014 for the iPhone and Android (and eventually the PlayStation 4) the game is less about raising the animals and instead allows players to sit back and enjoy having cats around Interaction is focused on luring them to your space and earning resources from other in-game activities to purchase new items for the cats to play with and wear Avid Neko Atsume fan Megan Liscomb reminisces sweetly about her time spent in the game “When a new cat showed up in my yard for the first time a sentiment that carried most players through for months at a time despite owning a cat that looked and behaved very similarly to the ones on my screen So those are the digital pets that came before With each new advance in technology, there will follow a virtual pet of some sort. Soon after Apple introduced the Touch Bar to the MacBook Pro, the Touchbar Pet came along I’d file this virtual pet under “distraction” rather than companion David Fazzio is the solo developer behind Studio 46’s game The Companion in addition to being stunning in both sound and visuals gives players a chance to see the other side of companionship life the animal refers to a “spirit companion,” and players are the creature themselves At certain points you will interact with the human story characters and you’ll be pet and offer a paw.” Now I felt like I was getting closer to the reasons digital pets held such hold over users “I think people who like to pet video game dogs do so with a range of perspectives,” he says “Some players will see it as a nice break from increasingly complex and demanding standards of modern AAA gameplay Some players will see it as a way to reconnect with a cherished childhood pet that has passed on Some players just like cute animals.” There’s a positive feedback loop from petting in-game animals and receiving delighted reactions from them and being inside the VR headset gives players a full-sensory interaction experience Here you can actually bend down to pet your animal and physically swing your arm to toss a stick Imagine your beloved pet living forever in virtual reality Virtual pet ownership can be a gimmick, too. ZED is a horse racing and breeding site built on blockchain technology Each one comes with its own set of unique coding hidden from users to add even more realistic unknown factors After looking at all of this, it’s clear that digital pets will always have something to offer us. They represent company when we otherwise might not have any. They nurture our needs to care for other beings. It’s an enjoyment we are quick to invite into our lives. The multiple species of brightly-colored fish in my virtual aquarium are proof that they provide something that would be impossible to achieve in real life. Satisfied with that, I know my fish are doing well, and so I turn off my iPad and can finally sleep. These iPhones and Android devices—ranging from $100 to $600—stood up to WIRED’s testing.Julian ChokkattuWired CouponsWayfair Coupons10% Off Wayfair Promo Code with sign-up $50 Off In-Person Tax Prep When You Switch From Your Tax Current Provider Exclusive: Up To 50% Off 6 Boxes With Factor Promo Code It is the essential source of information and ideas that make sense of a world in constant transformation The WIRED conversation illuminates how technology is changing every aspect of our lives—from culture to business The breakthroughs and innovations that we uncover lead to new ways of thinking Before we go to the game here are two positions that you should think about: This win helped Igor Khenkin score 7.0/9 and finish third at the event The Netherlands-based Gerdinand van Dieren Transport has added a Broshuis pendular axle low-loader to its fleet The four-axle PL2 HD low-loader has a payload of 68 tons (61.69 tonnes) and will mainly be used for the transport of heavy cranes and piling rigs the compact trailer has a large steering angle which makes it easy to manoeuvre in tight locations www.broshuis.com www.gvandierentransport.nl Shipyard and construction company Ravestein is delivering a ro-ro pontoon for Peel Ports Group in the UK Robin Watson will succeed Forth Ports’ chair Lord Smith of Kelvin as he retires after 10 years in the role The UK’s port of Blyth reported record financial performance for the fourth consecutive year Italian lifting and transport company Autotrasporti Porro has added two all-terrain cranes to its fleet by purchasing an AC 7.450-1 and AC 4.080-1 from Tadano Italian heavy lift specialist Marraffa has invested in an Enerpac JS-250 jack-up system for future bridge launching projects in what is the company’s first Enerpac heavy lift system USA-based heavy lifting firm Engineered Rigging will host its annual heavy lifting equipment showcase on June 10-12 at its equipment depot and service centre in Russellville Site powered by Webvision Cloud Scientists say they have discovered a sunflower-seed-sized subspecies of chameleon that may well be the smallest reptile on Earth Two of the miniature lizards, one male and one female, were discovered by a German-Madagascan expedition team in northern Madagascar has a body that is only 13.5mm (0.53 inches) long making it the smallest of all the roughly 11,500 known species of reptiles the Bavarian State Collection of Zoology in Munich said Its total length from nose to tail is just under 22mm (0.87 inch) The female nano-chameleon is significantly larger adding that the scientists were unable to find further specimens of the new subspecies “despite great effort” The species’ closest relative is the slightly larger Brookesia micra Scientists assume that the lizard’s habitat is small “The nano-chameleon’s habitat has unfortunately been subject to deforestation but the area was placed under protection recently so the species will survive,” Oliver Hawlitschek a scientist at the Center of Natural History in Hamburg Just about 500 people live in Huis T’ Dieren a bright and beautiful little village on the Esse-quibo Coast The name Huis T’ Dieren is of Dutch origin and it means ‘House of Animals’ a Pandit and an Imam are some of the prominent people to have hailed from Huis T’ Dieren but was also home to other renowned people like former attorney general Dr former minister Harripersaud Nokta and former first lady Deolatchmee Ramotar Driver and poultry farmer Richard Seecharran recalled that when he was much younger the houses were smaller but there were many fruit trees and very few fences an odd green lizard paused behind us camouflaged nicely by the grass Marcelle asked if the reporter had seen it anywhere else apart from the Essequibo Coast The answer “no” came as no surprise to her since a few persons had mentioned before that they hadn’t either She then went on to explain that boys in the area usually catch them and sell them to other locals who sometimes export them We have everything at our convenience,” Seecharran added The convenience he talks of includes the numerous shops in the village as well as potable water horse carts selling meat and fish and Puran Brothers’ waste disposal service that removes the garbage once a week Seecharran said that within the last 12 years he and his wife have applied twice but it doesn’t really matter anymore since they make out just fine with their cellular phones a few of the persons who have landline phones complain often about problems with the telephone Flooding doesn’t occur unless there’s heavy rainfall and the water reaches just about ankle height but because there is proper drainage they’re well catered for and Huis T’ Dieren is really a nice place to live Everything is in walking distance,” he added Street lights and a recreational centre for the youths would be the cherry on top the icing on the cake for Seecharran and his family the World Beyond Georgetown came upon a crowd of people celebrating with dance and songs as they entered the temple It was later learnt that an overseas-based Guyanese had brought two almost life-sized Murtis (statues of Hindu deities) for the village’s little temple A short distance away lives shopkeeper and pastor of Cornerstone Deliverance Apostolic Church “The word ‘Huis’ means house while ‘Dieren’ is plural for deer/animals Huis T’ Dieren was once a sugar plantation,” Persaud said “All the trenches and canals were laid out by the Dutch It was rumoured that the Dutch left after the boilers exploded After then the people started to plant rice The same trenches are used for drainage and irrigation today.” “About fifty years ago people were living alongside the road and we could have known all the people Now the village has become very much populated and people live in schemes and backyards.” Huis T’ Dieren is populated mostly by Indian-Guyanese and its people are mostly Hindus since their fore parents would have come from India After the missionaries built the Huis T’ Dieren Church of Scotland School persons wishing to attain a job in the school’s administration were expected to be converted; thus Christianity began to spread The village now has a Mandir and a Masjid and two Christian churches: the Cornerstone Church and the Presbyterian Church The people are very friendly; they’re very cooperative too Every person has land while some also have rice fields They would cultivate their land to get produce for themselves and sell Nearly every plot of land has coconut trees and a kitchen garden Some people catch fish from the river behind the village We plant mainly organic so our foods are healthier Every day we can pick fresh greens and eat healthy,” he said During those days there was an overhead tank that was propelled by a windmill that extracted water and distributed to the pipes that used be along the public road in the mornings there was a rush for water Today a pump station situated three miles away provides us with a regular supply of water though the water comes red sometimes.” runs for a mile or so before reaching a conservancy dam called 11 From there persons take a boat for 2½ miles before arriving at an Amerindian settlement called Mashabo One disadvantage for the village Persaud believes is having to travel all the way to Anna Regina to conduct official business He also sees room for more improvement concerning drainage and irrigation the construction has reduced so I’ve noticed that employment rate has dropped I enjoy seeing people come out of the Kingdom of darkness into God’s marvellous light I’m contemplating on winning the people in this village for Christ so that we may all be with him when our time is expired from this earth,” he said The next person we came upon was wearily riding his bicycle along a sunbaked Essequibo Coast public road Before continuing he invited the World Beyond Georgetown to visit his village sometime Along the way someone who requested to remain anonymous shared a concern “Persons have children and not sending their children to school,” the villager said “They collecting vouchers and not sending them to school Some children are allowed to wander the road careless which can lead to accidents Reports were made to the welfare a few times but the situation wasn’t looked into It’d be nice if Child Care and Protection Agency would look into the matter and put some measures into place.” a group of men sat at a liquor store drinking and chatting Seeranie Sookdeo was sitting at home with her grandson Sookdeo who has been living in Huis T’ Dieren for some 26 years She said she met really friendly and kind people when she moved You get the carpenter and mason work too but in and out; so a disadvantage of living here is the low employment rate Streetlights is another; the place is so dark when the night comes Everything is close by which is a good thing.” prepares flowers at the grand opening of the brand's Leawood location in July 2022; photo by nbkc bank Shop Local KC is closing its flagship Midtown location as it prepares to open a new storefront in Brookside Sept The retail gift and flower shop plans to depart its original location at 3630 Main St. as the building developer, Exact Partners Shop Local KC’s Brookside storefront “[Exact Partners] did tell me at the very beginning it would be a two-year lease and then month-to-month thereafter because they were looking to sell this building,” Mabry van Dieren said “I knew that coming into it … so this [space] is going to become a different business “I probably wouldn’t have left if I didn’t have to but I’m very happy and honored to have been here and worked with [Exact Partners] and I hope to work with them in a property on Main Street in the future,” she added RELATED: How Shop Local KC’s new Main Street storefront crafts opportunity for makers, Midtown Though Mabry van Dieren would have liked for Shop Local KC to retain its presence in Midtown she’s grateful for an opportunity to be in Brookside but there was no available space,” Mabry van Dieren said and it’s always been my dream to ride my bike to my shop.” The Brookside storefront — which will take over the recently-relocated Lady Bye store at 6245 Brookside Plaza — will be significantly smaller than the Midtown location down to 650 square feet from 6,500 square feet Shop Local KC’s Brookside location will focus primarily on flowers as the neighborhood currently lacks a dedicated flower shop Mabry van Dieren is also looking forward to adding to the diversity of local businesses in Brookside “I’m just really excited to be a woman-owned business there,” Mabry van Dieren said “Some of my favorite woman-owned businesses are in Brookside … Every business pretty much is locally owned and of course that’s my mission and vision This year had already been busy for Shop Local KC as the company opened a location inside Crown Center at the beginning of April That storefront alone has put nearly $100,000 into the hands of local makers since opening which helps to ease the transition from Midtown to Brookside “We’ll still be buying from the same makers and a lot of them who we used to buy from [at the Midtown location] who won’t go [to the Brookside store] with us are in our Crown Center store,” Mabry van Dieren said “We have now supported even more makers since we opened this store in Midtown because we have two other locations Shop Local KC previously opened a new shop in July 2022 within nbkc bank in Leawood RELATED: Shop Local KC gets minimalist makeover as local maker retailer opens Leawood store Strawberry Swing Indie Craft Fair; photo courtesy of Shop Local KC Mabry van Dieren — who founded the Strawberry Swing Indie Craft Fair in 2011 before creating Shop Local KC — will also bring the 13th annual Holiday Swing to Crown Center this winter The event is expected to run Fridays through Sundays beginning on Black Friday and extending through Dec “We really love that Crown Center has an ice skating rink; we love that Crown Center has the mayor’s Christmas tree; it has all those precious wooden Christmas holiday decorations and my store is right inside,” Mabry van Dieren said Mabry van Dieren hopes that Holiday Swing will attract residents and tourists to Crown Center during the winter holiday season creating a similar environment to other cities like New York and Chicago that have outdoor Christmas markets “This will be the first time anything like that has been done at Crown Center and we hope it becomes a real destination for people coming from out of town — people coming from everywhere,” Mabry van Dieren said In addition to her work with Shop Local KC and The Strawberry Swing Mabry van Dieren was tasked with curating products from local makers at a shop in the new airport terminal earlier this year 18th and Vine gift shop at the new KCI airport terminal; photo by Channa Steinmetz “It was a very quick deal,” Mabry van Dieren recalled The store was pre-named the 18th and Vine Travel Station though it includes the work of makers from across the city “It’s full of locally-made items from the makers who I knew could get a lot of items made really fast Mabry van Dieren believes that the airport is now working directly with the makers which she said helps them make more money from their work “It was wonderful because it put almost $60,000 into the hands of local artists and makers,” she said Huis T’ Dieren was crowned the Essequibo champion in the Future Warriors Primary School Tapeball Tournament prevailing via net run rate (NRR) following the conclusion of the final group state segment yesterday at the Imam Bacchus ground in Affiance NRR was needed to decide the outcome after the three remaining teams ended with an identical record of one win and a loss following the conclusion of the round-robin segment Huis T’ Dieren will now advance to the national championship They will play against Demerara winner Stella Maris and Berbice champion Cropper Primary Huis T’ Dieren defeated the 8th of May by 10 wickets after successfully overhauling the target of 52 runs in a mere 5.3 overs Huis T’ Dieren lost their second match to Mainstay by six wickets Huis T’ Dieren posted 44/6 during their allotted eight overs only for the total to be achieved by their opponent for the loss of four wickets The tie on points then occurred as the 8th of May defeated Mainstay by five wickets in the final group fixture 8th of May successfully overhauled the target of 57 in 7.2 overs in the process forcing the event to be decided by NRR Mainstay Huis T’ Dieren and 8th of May Primary earned their berths to the final in the Essequibo Zone of the Future Warriors Tape-ball Primary Schools Championship following respective victories yesterday at the Imam Bacchus Ground at Affiance This was disclosed in an official release from the organisers Mainstay defeated Taymouth Manor by 21 runs Mainstay recorded 79-1 in their allotted eight overs Kurt Allen top-scored with an unbeaten 33 runs Huis T’ Dieren successfully overhauled Aurora’s primary score of 76 in 6.2 overs to secure a comfortable win Lokeraj Persaud led the chase with an unbeaten 22 runs the 8th of May defeated Hampton Court by 12 runs led by Benjimyah Fordyce’s 37 and Orandi Sealey’s 34 Prem Harrypersaud and Zaheer Khan led the pursuit with 30 and 28 runs Sealey was the pick of the bowlers with 3-26 in two overs The three teams will now return to contest a group stage segment which will determine the winner today at the same location The winning team will be presented with several pieces of equipment for tape-ball cricket The other teams that participated in the tournament were Charity Primary The Dutch Open 2016 was held from the 26th of July to 4th August 2016 in the small town of Dieren in Netherlands Indian GM Sandipan Chanda won the tournament in style and we will be reporting on it pretty soon As of now we have a wonderful story sent to us by Sahil Tickoo He and his friend Vaibhav went to the tournament without any hotel bookings They now share it with you through this entertaining article where both I and Vaibhav gained decent rating points I was relatively excited to be playing in the Open group it was a great opportunity to play some great chess against strong players After walking for half an hour from the train station with our heavy luggage the only accommodation option for the tournament When we spoke to the person at the reception he told us that the rooms there were sold out we were supposed to get our own tents and set them up in the camp site So we set off to the city centre of Dieren to buy the best tent We managed to locate a shop and were stunned when the most basic tent for two people would cost us 89 Euros so we bought it and headed back to the hotel now came the difficult task of setting it up When the description guide comes only in Dutch there's not much you can understand anyway we were experimenting with different parts of the tent when a local noticed our predicament and offered to help the tent was set up within just two minutes The locals staying at the camp site have chairs and tables with them Playing chess with them at the beautiful camp site was relaxing The rest of the day was spent wondering whether to spend the whole night awake and taking a bye for the first round or to spend a night sleeping next to the dear bugs But as it turned dark (which happens quite late here the cold wind made our entire tent flutter and we wondered whether it would stand the test of time we covered ourselves with three to four layers of clothing from the head to the toe and finally shivered to sleep We had a light breakfast and headed off to the venue for registration and the first round as long as you get to sit in front of your beloved 64 squares I would recommend that you confirm your hotel bookings before going to a tournament to avoid adventures like these performed at an Elo of 2311 and gained 60 rating points playing in the second group and rated 1799 ChessBase India congratulates both of them and thanks them for sharing their story with the readers of our newspage We have launched the ChessBase India App. Check out this amazing resource! Android for now - Download the app now Follow Tweets by @ChessbaseIndia ChessBase India is proud to be the official partner of chessbase.com reporting on events in India Like our Facebook page for more Indian chess updates The all new ChessBase Premium Account which gives you access to ten amazing online ChessBase services like PlayChess Become a part of the ever-growing ChessBase India Youtube Channel. Subscribe now and stay update with our awesome video content.  Please enable JS and disable any ad blocker A four-year-old boy is now dead and his father seriously injured after they were involved in an accident on Saturday afternoon This newspaper was told that 32-year-old Lambert Benn was towing his four-year-old son Delon Henry on a bicycle along the Huis t’ Dieren Public Road Essequibo Coast when the accident occurred Benn was reportedly at a wedding house a few houses away from his home taking his son along on the bicycle when according to eyewitnesses he collided with the back wheel of a Guyana Power and Light vehicle Henry’s grandmother Sylvinia Henry said that her son-in-law and grandson left home on a bicycle and shortly after the incident occurred “Lambert was at home and he was about to leave home when Delon ask his mother to go with him (Lambert) His mother told him no but then after she send him and then not long after we hear the news that they went in a accident.”                 Four year old Delon was the second of three children The driver of the utility truck is in police custody assisting with investigations The Christmas lights in downtown Eindhoven should be turned off much earlier That call is made by Partij voor de Dieren (party for the animals) to the city council The opposition party asks for clarification about the lights many families and entrepreneurs have a hard time making ends meet the municipality and the business association are not setting a good example with the night lighting The lighting also creates a high energy bill for the municipality That would be bad for the animals in the city The Partij voor de Dieren believes that 22:00 is a better time to turn off the lights Source: Studio040 Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Δdocument.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Details of how he escaped from the giant snake remain vague I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Read our Privacy notice Naturalist Paul Rosolie has described the moment he was swallowed by an 18ft anaconda as part of Eaten Alive Rosolie donned a special suit to protect him before covering himself in pig’s blood and imitating the snake’s prey At first the female snake did not want to go near him so he acted like a predator and the anaconda defended herself “She nailed me right in the face and the last thing I saw was her mouth wide open before everything went black,” Rosolie said “And then she wrapped me and I felt the suit cracking and my arms ripping out of their sockets. It was absolutely terrifying,” he told Entertainment Weekly in a recent interview The plan was for Rosolie to be swallowed to his waist before he was pulled back out again but he remained vague on how he escaped from the anaconda There have been concerns from animal rights campaigners about the snake’s welfare but Rosolie said that the snake is “alive and well”. He said that he came out of the affair worse off and added, “She beat the s**t out of me.” The daring feat has not been without its critics, with some calling him the “Hitler of animals” and others telling him they hoped he got infected with the Ebola virus. However, the film-maker and conservationist said that he did the stunt to raise awareness about the plight of the rapidly declining wildlife in the region. New subscribers only. £8.99/mo. after free trial. Plan auto-renews until cancelled. ADVERTISEMENT. If you sign up to this service we will earn commission. This revenue helps to fund journalism across The Independent. Rosolie felt he could only get the attention needed by doing something extraordinary. “I wanted to do something that would sort of shock people and force a dialogue about what’s going on here — and it’s working.” Rosolie has been working in the Amazon rainforest for a decade and has written Mother of God, which explores the Amazon. ‘Eaten Alive’ airs in the US on Discovery tonight Join thought-provoking conversations, follow other Independent readers and see their replies Support from readers like you keeps The Journal open You are visiting us because we have something you value Advertising revenue goes some way to support our mission so we can continue to produce accurate and meaningful journalism An account is an optional way to support the work we do. Find out more. PICTURES OF HUMAN genitalia have been removed from a new edition of a standard biology school textbook in Turkey sparking fresh criticism that the Islamic rooted-government is seeking to promote conservative values Diagrams showing the inner workings of the penis and vagina have instead been replaced by pictures of fluffy ducklings, cute polar bears and a human mother with her newborn baby, the Hurriyet daily said The pictures are in a chapter in the textbook “Reproduction Growth and Development in Living Beings” taught in sixth grade classrooms throughout Turkey a leading psychologist and a former regional head of the teachers’ union Egitim-Sen found out that the images of male and female genitalia used to describe reproduction had been removed from the biology textbooks for the new academic year While last year’s textbook contained explicit details of the anatomy and biology of human reproduction the same page this year only contained mild images like the ducklings or dolphins Tunali told Hurriyet that the subject was now being taught “in a simplistic superficial and hasty manner” and the material had been “heavily censored” “But the science and technology textbook for sixth graders has been heavily censored this year in line with the moral codes imposed by the government,” he said The Islamic-rooted government of President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has long been accused of seeking to impose religion on Turkey’s mainly Muslim but officially secular society as well as Islamising the education system professor of biology in Marmara University said this type of censorship in biology classes does “more harm than good” to children They should learn about the opposite sex from the right source The controversy is the latest dispute to shadow the government’s education policies the government allowed girls in high schools to wear the Muslim headscarf while banning the pupils from wearing tattoos or body piercings as well as the dyeing of hair and make-up - © AFP, 2014 Create an email alert based on the current article