Jorgen Feldt Sandnes will represent SAG Maritime Capital from Oslo Dry bulk owner and operator Suisse-Atlantique Group has recruited Jorgen Feldt Sandnes as chief investment officer. “I will work with investments at Suisse-Atlantique,” Feldt Sandnes told TradeWinds. “I will try to arrange projects and deals with other partners and work with the capital markets. “A goal is to build a solid track record within the capital markets and increase vessels under management. Facebook Twitter LinkedIn YouTube Instagram Your data on TradeWinds TradeWinds is part of DN Media Group AS From November 1st DN Media Group is responsible for controlling your data on TradeWinds We use your data to ensure you have a secure and enjoyable user experience when visiting our site. 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Read more about DN Media Group here TradeWinds is part of NHST Global Publications AS and we are responsible for the data that you register with us and the data we collect when you visit our websites We use cookies in a variety of ways to improve your experience such as keeping NHST websites reliable and secure personalising content and ads and to analyse how our sites are being used For more information and how to manage your privacy settings please refer to our privacy and cookie policies Please enable JS and disable any ad blocker When World Athletics athlete refugee team (ART) member Emmanuel Kiruhura Ntagunga found a new home in Norway one of the first major adjustments he and his family faced was to the weather which was facilitated by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) took place in December last year when temperatures in Norway were -7C – quite the contrast from the warm climes of Kenya where Ntagunga had been living as a refugee for the previous nine years It was also the first time that they saw and touched snow Ntagunga and his family left Kenya just before Christmas meaning his year ended on a high; just two months prior the 29-year-old had been selected to compete at the World Athletics Road Running Championships in Riga but 10 days before the competition he was informed that he was not able to travel because he was a refugee so he missed out on competing at the global event Together with the Norwegian Athletics Federation and the Norwegian Olympic Committee World Athletics was able to find Ntangunga a local athletics club He is now registered at Sandnes Idrettslag in Sandnes the home club of Olympic 1500m champion Jakob Ingebrigtsen Emmanuel Kiruhura Ntagunga at his new athletics club Ntagunga has made new friends with whom he often meets up over the weekend to train with or go for a run while his older children are enrolled in their new school He feels accepted in his new community and It’s a clear example of sport being used as a factor of integration and giving someone a sense of belonging; of being ‘somebody’ and not just a mere number Ntagunga’s journey exemplifies the determination of many refugee athletes in similar positions It also shows the potential the of UNHCR and IOC collaborating with international federations such as World Athletics to support refugee athletes one of the objectives was to give refugee athletes access to athletics it has become increasingly clear that sport has contributed to the mental wellbeing of countless refugee athletes especially those who have experienced trauma Ntagunga was born in South Kivu in the Democratic Republic of Congo where he developed running talent while herding cows and chasing calves he fled in search of safety to Uganda where he fled to Kenya and ended up in Nairobi where he worked as a barber and sold telephone covers and chargers It was during this period that he met Kenyan runners and developed a routine of his own “I felt freedom finding what I loved,” he says he participated in road races and athletics competitions which boosted his morale he found himself competing in the same race as refugee athletes from Tegla Loroupe’s Training Camp based in Ngong and he finished third behind two Kenyan athletes and after UNHCR verification about his refugee status Ntagunga joined Loroupe’s camp and later became a recipient of the IOC Athlete Refugee Scholarship In 2023 the group moved to the Complete Sports Training Centre Ntagunga adjusted well and it provided ideal conditions that allowed him to concentrate on the sport He remained there until his resettlement to Norway positive and one that wants to integrate,” says his coach who adds that working with Ntagunga is easy and their priority now is to find some good races “I enjoy helping potential athletes that come from difficult backgrounds and have talent It is unfortunate that usually when you hear of refugees “This sport is so good that it will change the life of my whole family; this has been the key to a new life,” says Ntagunga “This is an opportunity to use so that tomorrow is better and all those that have supported me and my family and it is now our time to show the world what refugees can achieve given the opportunity.” This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks The action you just performed triggered the security solution There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page Practical insights from and foracademics and university staff Everything you need for each stepof your study abroad journey An academic frustrated by “tedious and boring” conferences in which the same authors present multiple papers has conducted a study into the practice concluding that “repeat authors” are a common occurrence Frode Eika Sandnes, a computer science professor at Oslo Metropolitan University told Times Higher Education that he had become “increasingly irritated” by conferences dominated by scholars discussing “several papers related to the same research project back-to-back” “My goal was to provide empirical evidence that authors with multiple papers in one conference is common,” he said For the paper published in Scientometrics Sandnes compiled the proceedings of 31 conferences on his field of human-computer interaction (HCI) to determine the authorship of the papers included an author had 32 papers in the same conference All but one of the conferences Sandnes analysed included “repeat authors” “half of the papers in a conference included authors that were listed on more than one paper,” the paper says meaning “repeat authors could therefore be quite noticeable to participants.” Because many papers are co-authored repeat authors may not necessarily present each paper they are named on themselves Campus resource: Master the art of speaking to an audience “In highly prestigious conferences with low acceptance rates repeat authors could lead to a drop in morale and trust in the research system,” he adds “Imagine a person repeatedly having their paper rejected while at the same time seeing many papers by the same conference organisers – especially if these papers are not really any better than some of the rejected papers.” were “over-represented” among the repeat authors in their own conferences: while 17 per cent of overall conference participants had multiple papers included in the same event this figure rose to 53 per cent among these “gatekeepers” While this over-representation could be a natural result of an organiser being particularly active in their field it could also indicate that organisers get their work “fast-tracked” into their conferences through their “gatekeeping role” Sandnes also observed that most repeat authors were listed at the end of paper bylines “In the field of HCI it is common for supervisors project leaders and senior scholars to be the last author,” he said “This raises the question of their degree of contribution,” he said or is it too easy for them to end up as authors without substantial contributions?” To address the issue of “repeat authors” at conferences Sandnes sets out a series of recommendations among them the introduction of upper limits on the number of papers on which participants may appear as co-authors as well as “explicit limitations” on the inclusion of works by conference organisers organisers should aim to include a greater diversity of scholars across a broader range of topics “A conference is not only a place to have papers published but it is also a social arena where people meet “I think the needs of the participants should go before the publishing needs of authors.” emily.dixon@timeshighereducation.com Already registered or a current subscriber? When my babysitter fell through, why couldn’t an exception be made so I could attend the fancy £90 dinner, asks Eve Hayes De Kalaf Annual meetings should be reimagined as spaces that enable connections – including with practitioners and the media, says Noam Schimmel Emissions from an entire online conference similar to amount produced by a single hour-long car journey, study finds Empty podiums, low engagement from speakers and higher costs have led events large and small to rethink combining online and physical gatherings Growing spending on research and development in Global South leading to more papers, but increased scrutiny needed to identify misconduct, say publishers China’s Double First-Class project appears to be paying off as the country’s institutions continue to lead the rankings. Why have similar schemes elsewhere struggled to reap rewards, and can China keep advancing despite economic slowdown and an ageing population? 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Subscribe today to receive unlimited news and analyses, commentary from the sharpest minds in international academia, our influential university rankings analysis and the latest insights from our World Summit series. 05 May 2025 18:00:00 GMT?.css-1txiau5-AnswerContainer{color:var(--GlobalColorScheme-Text-secondaryText2);}Sandnes Ulf 2 won 3–1 over Haugesund 2 on Mon Predicted lineups are available for the match a few days in advance while the actual lineup will be available about an hour ahead of the match This is the first time the teams are playing against each other Haven't kept a clean sheet in 7 matches Have scored 8 goals in their last 5 matches Haven't scored in their last 2 matches Who won between Haugesund 2 and Sandnes Ulf 2 on Mon 05 May 2025 18:00:00 GMT?Sandnes Ulf 2 won 3–1 over Haugesund 2 on Mon 05 May 2025 18:00:00 GMT.InsightsHave scored 7 goals in their last 5 matches Haugesund 2 is playing home against Sandnes Ulf 2 on Mon Gjert Ingebrigtsen denies physically abusing two of his children one of whom is double Olympic champion Jakob I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Read our Privacy notice Jakob Ingebrigtsen described living with “no free will” during a violent childhood as he testified against his father and former coach Gjert at a trial on Tuesday Gjert Ingebrigtsen denies physically abusing two of his children The younger sibling cannot be named for legal reasons The 59-year-old Gjert faces up to six years in prison with the trial due to run until 16 May in Sandnes “My upbringing was closely tied to fear,” Jakob said “I’ve been aware of a fear-based culture for a long time because I felt I had no free will or say in anything I was in an environment where everything was controlled and decided for me There was an enormous amount of manipulation.” During the first day of the trial on Monday Gjert Ingebrigtsen told the court he was innocent of the charges against him Gjert’s intense training methods were the subject of the popular documentary Team Ingebrigtsen which shone a light on the family’s almost cult-like obsession with sporting excellence with the children put on strict professionalised training programmes at a young age Jakob’s older brothers, Henrik and Filip, are also professional athletes, and in October 2023, the trio published a joint letter in Norwegian outlet VG spelling out the behaviour of their father “We have grown up with a father who has been very aggressive and controlling and who has used physical violence and threats as part of his upbringing,” the brothers alleged in an interview with the newspaper “We still feel discomfort and fear which has been in us since childhood.” The Norwegian state prosecutor later charged Gjert with beating two of his children at a time when he was also their coach he allegedly hit and kicked Jakob and threatened to “beat him to death” told the court about several incidents of violence Prosecutors allege Gjert struck Jakob several times after he received a negative report about his behaviour from school when he was eight I’m terrified of what’s going to happen,” Jakob told the court about the lead-up to the incident Jakob also told the court that when at age 16 he met Elisabeth Asserson his father tried to put a stop to the relationship fearing having any relationship would harm his son’s sporting career “I found it extremely difficult that someone like my own father could speak that way about Elisabeth Gjert coached his three sons until 2022, helping Jakob to secure his first Olympic gold at Tokyo 2020 in the 1500m as he forged a glittering career as one of the world’s leading athletes. After the split, Jakob added 5000m success at Paris 2024 along with a large collection of other global medals. All three of the athlete brothers are set to testify at the trial. Join thought-provoking conversations, follow other Independent readers and see their replies Jakob Ingebrigtsen arrives at court in Sandnes, Norway Jersey Number 8Ole SandnesPosition: MidfielderHeight: 5-11Weight: 176Class: FreshmanHometown: Oslo NorwayHigh School:Grorud/Valerenga AcademyBioStatsMediaBioBioStatsMediaFRESHMAN (2013): Made 12 appearances and five starts .. Tallied one goal and one assist in his career debut Club: Played four years for Vaalerenga in Oslo as a central midfielder HIGH SCHOOL: Played one year at Wang Toppidrett in Oslo under head coach Tor Ole Skullerud PERSONAL: Son of Elen Sofie and Tor … Father works as a social entrepreneur and mother is a nurse … Has one brother Sofie … Would like to travel the world someday … Favorite athlete is Steven Gerrard … Favorite MLS team is the Portland Timbers … Scored a hat-trick in the Nike Cup Final in Norway … Chose OSU because he related to the coaching staff 11.4.2025 18:27:35 CEST | Thor Medical ASA | Major shareholding notifications Chairman of the Board at Thor Medical ASA (the "Company") has received proxies without voting instructions to vote for a total of 15,786,906 shares at the Company's Annual General Meeting on 24 April 2025 Sandnes has received proxies with voting instructions to vote for a total of 3,046,978 shares at the Company's Annual General Meeting on 24 April 2025 0.20 percent of all shares issued in the Company 0.10 percent of all issued shares in the Company through Ekornhuset AS Sandnes will be able to cast votes at the Annual General Meeting for a total of 19,760,375 shares 6.27 percent of all issued shares in the Company The received proxies are valid only for the aforementioned General Meeting and will automatically expire Sandnes will own 926,489 shares in the Company including the shares owned by Ekornhuset AS This notification is issued because Sandnes has been granted proxies without voting instructions for more than 5% of all voting rights in the Company The notification does not indicate that the aforementioned is the final number of shares Sandnes will be able to vote for at the Annual General Meeting This information is subject to disclosure requirements pursuant to Section 4-2 of the Securities Trading Act Keep up to date with our company announcements by subscribing Visit our pressroom and see more company announcements from us a tie-back development to the Åsgard B facilities holds gross reserves of around 100 million¹ barrels of oil equivalent (mmboe) and is an important contributor to reaching Vår Energi’s target of producing more than 400 kboepd in fourth quarter this year “We congratulate Equinor with the successful start-up of Halten East Halten East is one of the major development projects starting up this year bringing the Company’s production to above 400 kboepd by the fourth quarter 2025 Vår Energi is a reliable and secure supplier of energy to Europe and the start-up of Halten East will add important gas volumes with low emissions generating substantial value going forward The project is a prime example of high value barrels being brought to the market quickly and at low cost with two years from government approval to production and with a payback time of one year.” The Halten East development consists of five subsea templates tied back to the existing infrastructure in the Åsgard Area in the Norwegian Sea and additional wells will be brought on stream throughout this year to reach peak production in 2026 The second phase of the project is expected to start in 2029 and includes a sidetrack to one discovery and up to three further wells utilising existing infrastructure and processing capacity at Åsgard B. The area holds additional unrisked gross recoverable resource potential of 100-200 mmboe¹ for future development The Norwegian Sea continues to be a high value gas hub for Vår Energi the area holds around 430 mmboe reserves plus resources2 net to Vår Energi and the Company will target a further 200 mmboe through exploration targets in the next four years Vår Energi is a leading independent upstream oil and gas company on the Norwegian continental shelf (NCS) We are committed to deliver a better future through responsible value driven growth based on over 50 years of NCS operations a robust and diversified asset portfolio with ongoing development projects Safe and responsible operations are at the core of our strategy Our ambition is to be the safest operator on the NCS and to become carbon neutral in our net equity operational emissions by 2030 Vår Energi has around 1400 employees and equity stakes in 41 producing fields We have our headquarters outside Stavanger Source: footballghana.com « Prev Next » Comments (2) Listen to Article Footballer Metrics details Multiphase flows involving granular materials are complex and prone to pattern formation caused by competing mechanical and hydrodynamic interactions Here we study the interplay between granular bulldozing and the stabilising effect of viscous pressure gradients in the invading fluid Injection of aqueous solutions into layers of dry hydrophobic grains represent a viscously stable scenario where we observe a transition from growth of a single frictional finger to simultaneous growth of multiple fingers as viscous forces are increased The pattern is made more compact by the internal viscous pressure gradient ultimately resulting in a fully stabilised front of frictional fingers advancing as a radial spoke pattern the flow is frictionally unstable at all rates due to bulldozing The competition between these two mechanisms has not previously been studied in any detail and even basic questions remain unanswered; for example to what extent can viscous forces stabilise the flow against the frictional instability we explore this competition systematically using experiments and simulations we show that the pattern formation is controlled by the strength of viscous forces in the invading phase relative to friction due to bulldozing and pile-up of grains in the defending phase as quantified by a “viscous deformability” parameter Dvisc Increasing Dvisc leads to a striking transition from the growth of one solitary finger to the simultaneous growth of multiple wandering fingers to the axisymmetric growth of a radial spoke pattern as the flow is increasingly viscously stabilised a Schematic cross-section of an invading fluid-fluid interface (red line) bulldozing a layer of hydrophobic grains with initial filling level φ into a compaction front of width L that bridges the gap between the plates b Photographic top view of an invading finger The white region has been invaded with water and cleared of grains while the black region (the compaction front) has been completely filled with grains c Advancing finger tips have radius of curvature Rt and compaction-front width Lt; away from the tips fully expanded fingers have half-width R and compaction-front width L d Viscous flow of liquid along a growing finger leads to a pressure gradient from the injection pressure at the inlet to the capillary pressure Pt at the tip In all cases, the frictional instability shaped the invading water into one or more fingers of width 2R surrounded by a compaction front of thickness L of dry, bulldozed grains (Fig. 1b and c) These fingers grew only at their tips; the side-walls were immobile after their initial formation except where new fingers were initiated at larger values of Q having taken σ0 = 16 Pa as the best fit to the experimental results We approximate the latter with the liquid–gas interfacial tension Note that we ignore the out-of-plane curvature because it is independent of the finger shape we now estimate the characteristic rate-independent finger width 2Rf that balances capillarity with friction by seeking the value of Rf that minimises the capillary pressure at the tip Pt Conservation of mass for the finger as a whole suggests that (1 − φ)Lf ≈ φRf where Lf is the characteristic front width and where we have neglected the small tip region; we assume for simplicity that the same argument applies independently at the tip the total yield pressure at the fingertip is then Pt ≈ σ0Lt/b + γ/Rt ≈ (σ0/b)[φ/(1 − φ)]Rt + γ/Rt suggesting that friction favours narrower fingers (displacing fewer grains) while surface tension favours wider fingers (less curvature) We then identify the Rt at which Pt is minimised by setting dPt/dRt = 0 we link Rt to Rf by requiring that this same yield pressure Pt must apply along the straight side walls of the finger where the frictional stress is σ0Lf/b and the curvature is negligible noting that we are neglecting viscosity over the distance ~ 2Rf over which fingers transition from the curved tip to the straight side walls such that capillarity and friction compete to set the finger width a Time evolution of a single finger (Q = 1 mL/min) and (b) multiple fingers (Q = 200 mL/min) colourised according to invasion time t New fingers sprout by side-branching as the injected fluid flows through the network of fingers toward the active tips Breakout of new fingers is suppressed by at least two mechanisms the stress required to deform a straight side-wall is higher than at the already curved tip where the divergent flow of grains relieves bridging stresses by accommodating dilation the coefficient of static friction μs at the side walls is likely to be higher than the coefficient of dynamic friction μd at the moving tips leading to higher frictional strength along the side walls We represent these effects by introducing a higher threshold pressure Pb = Pt + ΔPb required to sprout a new finger from a side wall where we use the pre-factor σβ as a fitting parameter The viscous contribution to the liquid pressure vanishes at a moving finger tip and increases linearly with distance upstream of the tip The viscous pressure ΔPv a distance Δrb upstream of a moving finger tip can be estimated via Darcy’s law where Q/(2Rf bN) is the average flux within each active finger a new finger will form a distance Δrb behind a moving finger tip when ΔPv ~ ΔPb is the dimensionless viscous deformability which compares the characteristic viscous pressure drop to the characteristic frictional resistance of the side walls for a single finger of length rout so that faster injection or a more viscous invading phase will promote branching closer to the tip To sprout a single new finger from an existing one requires that a volume 2Rf bΔrb of invading fluid be added to that finger the addition of a volume ΔV to the flow cell will sprout ΔN new fingers we approximate the discrete variation ΔN as a continuous one and integrate from V = 0 where we have eliminated Δrb using Eq. (4) we observe that N can vary both between different experiments and also within a single experiment as fingers start making this measurement inherently imprecise the fingers begin to fill the available space but should suppress the growth of N at even higher values of $\sqrt{V{D}_{{{{{{{{\rm{visc}}}}}}}}}/({R}_{f}b{r}_{{{{{{{{\rm{out}}}}}}}}})}$ our simple model captures reasonably well the roles of viscosity and friction in controlling the sprouting of new fingers corresponding to injection of water at Q = 100 mL/min with φ = 0.42 The viscous pressure field (cyan to magenta) is calculated on a branching tree that follows the skeleton of the fingers The outer radius is rout = 13.4 cm and the gap thickness is b = 0.9 mm Inset: Close-up showing the filling-fraction field (grey-scale pixels) and the viscous skeleton (blue nodes and edges) b Fluid pressure at inlet for experiment and simulation at Dvisc = 31 (Q = 1 mL/min which decreases a bit more steeply with φ than what is observed in the experiments We have used the exponential model in the simulations to prioritise viscous stabilisation tip friction controls the finger width and the resistance to finger propagation so it is not surprising that the simulations exhibit a steeper variation of 2R with φ and a larger injection pressure than observed in experiments Resolving this discrepancy would require the use of curvature-dependent friction along the compaction front a Experiment and (b) simulation of glycerol injection producing a viscously stable spoke pattern. Time tn is normalised by the time the first finger reaches the boundary. These results are for Q = 10 mL/min, ηinv = 1414 mPa ⋅ s, φ = 0.49, b = 0.9 mm, and rout = 13.4 cm (see Supplementary Movie 3) ${D}_{{{{{{{{\rm{visc}}}}}}}}}^{*}$ and ${D}_{{{{{{{{\rm{visc}}}}}}}}}^{*\ast }$ in blue and orange lines and theoretical lower ${c}^{{\prime} }$ indicated in (d) where the motion of a granular material was resisted by friction due to the weight of the grains friction is instead controlled by bulldozing which is ultimately the scenario that motivated our definition of Dvisc Note that Dvisc is proportional to system size so a larger system requires a smaller viscosity or a lower injection rate to avoid branching indicating the relevant values of ${D}_{{{{{{{{\rm{visc}}}}}}}}}^{*}$ and ${D}_{{{{{{{{\rm{visc}}}}}}}}}^{*\ast }$ by the blue and orange lines The theoretical lower limit ${c}^{{\prime} }=2{R}_{f}/(\pi {r}_{{{{{{{{\rm{out}}}}}}}}}(1-\varphi ))\,\approx \,0.04$ corresponds to a single straight finger growing from the inlet to the edge The compactness c increases as viscous stabilisation creates multiple fingers and a more compact pattern The finger width 2R (Fig. 8f) is approximately 2Rf in the rate-independent regime (Eq. (1) and Fig. 3) one would expect increased viscous pressure within the finger to expand the width; instead the fingers are observed to narrow when approaching ${D}_{{{{{{{{\rm{visc}}}}}}}}}^{*\ast }$ This narrowing is most likely a result of self-confinement in which the competition between numerous fingers increasingly suppresses lateral expansion There is a gradual transition from multiple individual fingers to side-by-side radial spokes as viscous stabilisation becomes stronger and stronger as evidenced by 2R beginning to decrease before the system reaches ${D}_{{{{{{{{\rm{visc}}}}}}}}}^{*\ast }$ Note that this self-confinement effect is not included in the model We have studied the fluid dynamics of an invading fluid displacing a defending fluid containing a sedimented granular material that is wetted by the defending fluid and repelled by the invading meniscus (drainage) capillary forces dominate over the weak frictional strength G of the initial granular layer where μ0 is the friction coefficient between the initial layer of grains and the plate g is the body force per unit mass due to gravity and ρb = (ρg − ρdef)(1 − n) is the bulk density difference between the granular layer and the defending fluid the “capillary deformability” Dcap = (γ/d)/G of the system is large in all experiments presented here such that the meniscus can easily bulldoze the grains into compaction fronts that are then frictionally unstable we then explored the effect of viscous stabilisation using mixtures of water and glycerol as the invading fluid and air as the defending fluid (negative ${{{{{{{\mathcal{M}}}}}}}}$) The log viscosity contrast is large in all of our experiments (\(1.7 \ such that pressure gradients in the low-viscosity defending fluid (the air) are negligible viscous forces are negligible on the scale of the finger width Increasing the grain filling level φ increases the bulldozing friction and leads to narrower fingers The finger width is set at the forward moving tip where a linear friction model σ(Lf) produces a good fit to the data Breakout of new fingers from the static side-walls is suppressed by the frictional resistance of the granular compaction front which increases exponentially as a function of its thickness Increasing Q or ηinv increases the strength of viscous forces relative to frictional resistance increasing the viscous deformability Dvisc Viscously stable displacement involves pressure gradients along the invading fingers with pressure decreasing from the central inlet toward the finger tips Viscous stabilisation manifests as the sprouting of new fingers once the frictional ‘breakout’ pressure ΔPb of the walls is exceeded Two mechanisms determine the role of viscous stabilisation: (1) the strength of viscous pressure drop relative to frictional stress and (2) the distance between the central inlet and the finger tips We have identified two critical threshold values of Dvisc that separate different types of fingering patterns within the cell Starting with a single finger at low Dvisc increasing Dvisc eventually leads to the first threshold value at which the viscous pressure along the finger grows large enough to cause branching before the finger reaches the outer boundary; this value depends on the size of the system since a longer finger implies a larger viscous pressure drop for the same value of Dvisc larger cells would produce multiple fingers at lower Dvisc Further increasing Dvisc leads to the second threshold value ${D}_{{{{{{{{\rm{visc}}}}}}}}}^{*\ast }$ at which the viscous pressure gradient within the fingers is large enough to produce breakout pressures immediately behind the finger tips Fingers that move ahead of the pack are suppressed by their internal viscous pressure drop and new fingers sprout continuously to populate an ever increasing pattern perimeter (in a radial cell) the fingers grow side-by-side in a space-filling radial spoke pattern Increased viscous forces produces increasingly compact patterns while increasing φ leads to thicker compaction fronts that suppress branching of new fingers Blue and orange lines represent ${D}_{{{{{{{{\rm{visc}}}}}}}}}^{*}$ and ${D}_{{{{{{{{\rm{visc}}}}}}}}}^{*\ast }$ transitions from single to multiple fingers The fingering patterns themselves are weakly influenced by random spatial variations in the initial filling fraction but insensitive to variations at the grain/pore scale but much of the parameter space remains unexplored The Hele-Shaw cell comprised two 40 × 40 × 1.5 cm glass plates separated by a gap thickness b = 0.9 mm A 6 mm diameter hole through the centre of the top plate provided an inlet The invading fluid was injected at controlled volume flow rates Q between 0.3 and 200 mL/min using a syringe pump (Harvard Scientific and images were recorded using a Nikon 1 J2 digital camera at 30 fps The silanization solution was a mixture of Trimethoxy(octadecyl)silane (OTMS) and Isopropyl alcohol(IPA) The silanization process was as follows: (1) the OTMS and IPA was mixed together in the ratio of 1:100; (2) the pH of the solution was adjusted to 3 by adding diluted Sulfuric acid (H2SO4 0.1 M) to promote the hydrolysis of OTMS; (3) the solution was stirred using magnetic stirrer for at least 60 min at room temperature to form a alkylsilanol solution The glass pate surfaces were treated by pouring alkylsilanol solution on the surface and wiping over several times to make the coating uniform The subsequently dried glass plates were hydrophobic with an estimated air/water contact angle of 120° Silanization procedures were performed inside a fume hood The granular material was made hydrophobic by silanization treatment of soda-lime glass beads (Honite 18) The glass beads were acid-cleaned prior to silanization by the following steps: first glass beads were immersed in hydrochloric acid (HCL 0.1 M) and stirred using magnetic stirrer for at least 1 h they were rinsed thoroughly with deionized water and oven dried at 80 °C The dried beads were then sieved to a diameter range of 75–100 μm The sieved beads were immersed into the silanization solution in a beaker and heated on a hotplate to accelerate the evaporation of the solution The coated hydrophobic beads were sieved again to ensure no beads were clumped together but note that filling fractions below 0.42 were not included in quantitative analysis of finger widths because of practical problems achieving uniform layer thickness for the thinnest layers The cell was clamped together firmly after assembly to prevent the top plate from lifting All four edges of the cell were left open to the atmosphere Every timestep the modified threshold pressure Pt is calculated for every interface node with L being the distance to the nearest point on the array which is not yet fully filled The values used for bulk density was ρb = 1450 kg/m3 A static friction coefficient μs = 0.91 is used with the dynamic friction coefficient μd = 0.9 being substituted in the exponent if the interface node has moved in the previous 500 cycles The viscous pressure difference Pv between the inlet and each point is calculated each timestep on a simplified version of the finger pattern, reduced to a branching tree of nodes as illustrated in Fig. 6 New nodes are added dynamically to this tree during the simulation whenever any section of interface is deemed to be too far away from its nearest node to ensure that the shape of the tree closely mimics the shape of the invasion pattern Each interface node reads Pv from its nearest node on this tree Each node calculates Pv according to the Hagen-Poiseuille equation as where ${P}_{v}^{{\prime} }$ is the Pv of its parent node downstream Qf is the flow rate into the finger downstream (averaged over the last 250 timesteps) X is the distance to its parent node and R is the average half-width of the finger between itself and its parent node We use a calibration factor C = 1.33 to match the transitions in the simulations to the experimental observations a two-dimensional array holds a value x for each position in the cell x being the distance to the nearest interface; this array is updated whenever the interface advances R is then estimated by stepping backwards towards the parent node along the ridge of the x distribution taking the mean x along that ridge as the value of R Once the node with the lowest Pt is identified it is advanced forward slightly; its three nearest neighbours on each side are also moved by a lesser distance to maintain a smooth interface New nodes are interpolated into the interface chain when the spacing between nodes exceeds a critical threshold to maintain interface resolution as the interface lengthens all granular material from the invaded region is redistributed to the nearest uninvaded positions which have space available Randomness is introduced by initialising the distribution of granular material with random fluctuations above and below φ The 250 timestep period for averaging flow rate and the 500 timestep period for transitioning from kinetic to static friction are arbitrary numbers They were chosen for being large compared to the typical number of growing fingers (to avoid excessive discretisation of viscous pressure and to prevent slower-moving but still active fingers from taking on static friction) but still small compared to the typical time period of an entire simulation Qualitative tests did not suggest that the fingering patterns were strongly sensitive to these parameters The simulated patterns match the experiments reasonably well across a wide range of Dvisc and φ The Python code for the simulations are available from the authors upon request Ephemerality of discrete methane vents in lake sediments Distributed natural gas venting offshore along the cascadia margin Crustal fingering facilitates free-gas methane migration through the hydrate stability zone Characteristics of the disastrous debris flow of chediguan gully in yinxing town Bubble accumulation and its role in the evolution of magma reservoirs in the upper crust Vertically extensive and unstable magmatic systems: a unified view of igneous processes Analog experiments in volcanology: towards multimethod Analogue experiments on the rise of large bubbles through a solids-rich suspension: A “weak plug” model for Strombolian eruptions Principles of igneous and metamorphic petrology and grains: an introduction to the physics of granular materials Powder technology in the pharmaceutical industry: the need to catch up fast Food emulsions and foams: Stabilization by particles Destabilization of a saffman-taylor fingerlike pattern in a granular suspension Labyrinth patterns in confined granular-fluid systems Towards the zero-surface-tension limit in granular fingering instability Jain, A. K. & Juanes, R. Preferential mode of gas invasion in sediments: Grain-scale mechanistic model of coupled multiphase fluid flow and sediment mechanics. J. Geophys. Res.: Solid Earth 114(B8), https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JB006002 (2009) Morphodynamics during air injection into a confined granular suspension Patterns and flow in frictional fluid dynamics Venting dynamics of an immersed granular layer Granular fingering in fluid injection into dense granular media in a hele-shaw cell Invasion patterns during two-phase flow in deformable porous media Oppenheimer, J., Rust, A., Cashman, K. & Sandnes, B. Gas migration regimes and outgassing in particle-rich suspensions. Front. Phys. 3, https://doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2015.00060 (2015) Gas-driven fracturing of saturated granular media Morphodynamics of fluid-fluid displacement in three-dimensional deformable granular media Grain-displacive gas migration in fine-grained sediments Morphodynamics of a dense particulate medium under radial explosion Jamming transition and emergence of fracturing in wet granular media and venting of gas in a soft granular material The penetration of a fluid into a porous medium or hele-shaw cell containing a more viscous liquid Numerical models and experiments on immiscible displacements in porous media Capillary displacement and percolation in porous media Invasion percolation: a new form of percolation theory Invasion percolation in an etched network: Measurement of a fractal dimension Granular labyrinth structures in confined geometries Bubbles breaking the wall: Two-dimensional stress and stability analysis Pattern formation of frictional fingers in a gravitational potential Capillary and viscous fracturing during drainage in porous media Scaling of wet granular flows in a rotating drum Formula for the viscosity of a glycerol- water mixture Zhang, D. et al. Data repository: Frictional fluid instabilities shaped by viscous forces. Zenodo, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890690 (2023) Download references Rowan Brown and Duncan Hewitt for discussions This research was funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/S034587/1] (B.S. C.W.M.); the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Programme [Grant No 805469] (C.W.M.); the China Scholarship Council (CSC) (D.Z.); and the Research Council of Norway through its Centres of Excellence funding scheme [262644] (E.G.F. Norwegian University of Science and Technology performed the experiments and analysed the data calibrated the code and performed the simulation parameter study The authors declare no competing interests Nature Communications thanks the anonymous reviewers for their contribution to the peer review of this work. A peer review file is available Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations Reprints and permissions Download citation DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-38648-6 Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily. This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. The action you just performed triggered the security solution. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data. You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked. Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. Conveniently located in the centre of Sandnes the school has room for 800 students. The school caters to a variety of academic subjects within media and communication, drawing and design, arts and crafts, music, dance, and drama. The building covers an area of 22.500 m2 including a sports hall, a lecture theatre with 380 seats, miscellaneous audition rooms, and rooms equipped for gymnastics. The project exhibits a tight simplicity that reflects the corresponding rationale informing the internal configurations. At the same time, individual building sections give a dynamic and power to the campus. “The cocoon”, in the atrium, is one such element. With its stooping and leaning extensions spreading themselves over 4 levels, it stitches itself through the ceiling and leans out over the street to the west. © Hundven Clements Photography The campus is characterised by a refined use of materials. “The cocoon” is clad with larch, both on the exterior and on the interior. Heavier, more or less open building sections are dressed with travertine, while the canteen areas and foyers have up to 3 levels with glass façade towards the south and towards the river promenade. The buildings appear open towards the south and east, but more closed towards the street in the west and north. © Hundven Clements Photography The school has its basis in educational programmes with aesthetic curriculums Interaction and communication across the disciplines but with possibilities for specialisation have been leading themes during the development of the masterplan You'll now receive updates based on what you follow Personalize your stream and start following your favorite authors If you have done all of this and still can't find the email Metrics details Pattern-forming processes in simple fluids and suspensions have been studied extensively similar to viscous fingers and fractals in capillary dominated flows the fundamental displacement morphologies in frictional fluids and granular mixtures have not been mapped out Here we consider Coulomb friction and compressibility in the fluid dynamics and discover surprising responses including highly intermittent flow and a transition to quasi-continuodynamics by varying the injection rate over several orders of magnitude we characterize new dynamic modes ranging from stick-slip bubbles at low rate to destabilized viscous fingers at high rate We classify the fluid dynamics into frictional and viscous regimes and present a unified description of emerging morphologies in granular mixtures in the form of extended phase diagrams Displacement dynamics in settling granular mixtures in which inter-particle friction has a central role Such 'frictional fluids' are ubiquitous in nature and engineering where fluidization causes the rheology to jump rapidly from solid- to fluid-like behaviour Of interest in engineering applications is the role of frictional granular mixtures in oil and gas recovery and potentially for processes linked to CO2 geo-sequestration frictional fluids are strongly related to such complex materials as Bingham or yield stress fluids in which non-Newtonian behaviour reflects jamming mechanisms on the molecular level that resemble static friction on the macro-level A transition to the viscous regime is observed as hydrodynamic interactions dominate at high injection rate we consider displacement dynamics as ϕ approaches 1 where the system takes on the properties of a more or less solid porous medium (a) Air is slowly injected into a linear Hele-Shaw cell loaded with polydisperse glass beads (∼100 μm diameter) submersed in a water/glycerol solution The gap is Δz=0.5 mm and the cell forms a channel 20 cm wide and 30 cm long The granular material settles after loading (b) The invading air/fluid interface accumulates a front of close-packed grains in the gap between the plates This similarity in behaviour is perhaps not surprising as both yield stress and frictional fluids are governed by threshold-limited dynamics associated with the yield stress and the static friction When we increase ϕ above a threshold value, the dynamics changes dramatically and a different morphology emerges (Fig. 2b) The advancement of the interface is no longer slow and creeping instead its motion becomes highly intermittent The front remains stationary for an extended period followed by a sudden displacement of the granular-fluid mixture by a burst of air in the shape of a bubble The displacement progresses bubble by bubble in a stick-slip manner the elasticity is provided by the compression of the reservoir volume of air being injected We use Boyle's law for isothermal expansion of an ideal gas to find the pressure drop ΔP associated with the expansion of a bubble of volume ΔV where P0 is the background pressure. We define the volumetric stiffness of the system as K=P0/Vair. There is an additional small contribution (≈240 Pa) from the out-of-plane capillary pressure, which accounts for the relaxation pressure after each bubble creation (see Fig. 2c) This pressure contribution is constant and is included in P0 (a) Displacement structures obtained by varying ϕ and Vair Frictional fingers are stable at low filling fraction and elasticity whereas stick-slip bubbles prevail at high ϕ and Vair The theoretical model for the phase boundary is superimposed on the images (black line) including the effect of a ±10% variation in the friction coefficient μ (red lines) (b) The finger width decreases with increasing ϕ (squares but varies considerably as evident from this box plot showing median Error bars on two data points denote standard deviations in replicate experiments (d) Ratio of adjacent maximum to minimum width plotted as a function of ϕ Mean and standard deviation obtained by 20 random measurements Red line: theoretical result for the phase boundary the finger width is measured as A/(S/2) where A is the area occupied by the finger and S is the interface length as determined by image analysis The solid line shows the theoretical result for the finger width 2R where we have used μ=0.53 for the effective granular friction coefficient and κ=0.8 to fit the model to the experimental data The size of the bubbles is seen to grow both with increasing ϕ (higher friction causes higher yield pressures) and increasing Vair (larger reservoir of air available for decompression). The inset in Figure 3b shows statistics of bubble volumes measured for a series of experiments with increasing Vair There is considerable variation in bubble size within each experiment and the width of the size distribution increases along with the median size for increasing ϕ and Vair is in fact a result of incremental movements caused by individual stick-slip events The transition from fingers to bubbles therefore does not represent a fundamental shift in dynamic state it is a qualitative change in pattern morphology governed by the magnitude of each slip event we define the phase boundary as the point where the expanding air volume ΔV increases above corresponding to a circular bubble of radius equal to the radius of curvature of the finger we assume that the static friction of the jammed granular layer is fully demobilized during a slip event such that ΔP=−σ(L) Having found the characteristic curvature Rc or, using the expression for σ(L) that we find in ref. 31 where γ is the effective surface tension of the fluid ρ the mass density of the granular packing corrected for the buoyancy of the fluid and g the acceleration of gravity The thickness of the granular front depends on the filling fraction and the finger curvature The above prediction for the phase boundary, expressed as the minimum required air volume for bubbles given the filling fraction, is plotted in Figure 3a especially considering its simplifying assumptions The phase boundary is sensitive to the effective friction coefficient of the granular material as shown by the red lines corresponding to ±10% variation in μ is more sensitive to observed differences in morphology at the transition point Both order parameters demonstrate that the crossover from quasi-continuous fingers to stick-slip bubbles occurs as a continuous transition over a fairly narrow region of the phase space The rate dependency of the displacement patterning is probed in a series of experiments spanning four decades in the injection rate q (Fig. 4). Several new dynamic modes and morphologies emerge, and we classify these broadly into a frictional regime and a viscous regime. Displacement structures as a function of injection rate q. Frictional stick-slip flow at low rates gives way to continuous motion as viscous forces fluidize the accumulated front, and, at yet higher rates, suspends the granular material (ϕ=0.58, Vair=30 ml, scale bar, 10 cm). (Supplementary Movie 2) As the injection rate is increased, viscous forces start to dominate the interactions, bringing the system to the viscous, or continuous dynamics, regime (Fig. 4) The critical injection rate for the transition to continuous motion can be formulated as a requirement that the moving granular front is kept fluidized and prevented from jamming the fluid forces inside the dense granular packing must exceed the friction caused by the weight of the grains: |∇P|>μρg where ∇P now is the fluid pressure gradient Invoking Darcy's law and the Kozeny–Carman relation we find where k(ξ) is the permeability as a function of the porosity ξ and η is the viscosity of the fluid Equation (4) predicts a lower bound of qc=0.05 ml min−1 for the transition from the frictional to the viscous regime This value represents the lowest flow rate at which continuous motion is possible but the system is likely to be unstable since any random stick-slip event would lead to a transient high flow followed by slow flow allowing friction to re-mobilize This is consistent with the experimental observations in which the transition is seen to occur above 0.1 ml min−1 a result that is broadly supported by experimental results some secondary effects of the elasticity is observed The striking 'coral' structures (1 ml min−1) grow in a process that alternates between large-scale radial expansion and sprouting of narrow fingers The one narrow finger that gets ahead of the rest accelerates and grows into a bubble the front velocity slows and the packing starts to compactify This in turn causes the effective viscosity of the fluidized front to increase and the pressure to rise and soon the interface becomes unstable again and new fingers develop These fingers are akin to viscous fingers where the less viscous air penetrates the fluidized granular material driven by the pressure gradient over the compacted front The instability is amplified as the fingers in motion keep the granular material ahead highly fluidized (b) A framework for displacement dynamics in frictional fluids illustrating the transitions between intermittent frictional quasi-continuous frictional and continuous viscous fluid dynamics The 'frictional fluid' in this study represents a model system for settling granular mixtures where gravity-induced frictional forces have a profound impact on the fluid dynamics We find that the concept of constitutive behaviour becomes less relevant in the frictional regime as the dynamics is governed by self-assembled compacted regions with local yield stresses At low rate, particle–particle contacts form as interstitial fluid between grains is expelled. The frictional response from a compacted front of granular material induces intermittent behaviour, and we find two distinct morphologies, fingers and bubbles, depending on whether the motion occurs incrementally or in large stick-slip events (Fig. 3a) Increasing the injection rate results in a series of transitions, first to a continuous displacement mode characterized by a fluidized, or lubricated, front of accumulated material (Fig. 4) Note that stress mediation through the dense granular front now occurs through hydrodynamic interactions rather than solid contacts as in the frictional regime when the injection rate is decreased by a factor of a hundred and the viscosity increased by the same factor giving support to the scaling in equation 4 where qc∼1/η Figure 5b shows a schematic three dimensional phase diagram illustrating the transitions between frictional bubbles and fingers and frictional and viscous dynamics in the K–ϕ−1 plane and the K–q plane Note that the red lines demarcating the phase boundaries are intended as 'guides to the eye' and that the precise location of the transitions will depend on many factors the viscosity of the host fluid and the mass density difference between the grains and the fluid The phase boundary in the K–ϕ−1 plane is determined theoretically (equation 3) whereas for the K–q plane we find that the transition rate is fairly independent of elasticity up to the point where high stiffness quenches the bubbles introducing the frictional fingering regime Our preliminary results suggest that the transition between frictional dynamics and fluidized front is largely ϕ independent (in our limited parameter space) whereas the boundary between corals (fluidized front) and viscous fingers is drawn slanted as the re-suspension process depends on the shear rate of the flow across the layer of settled material and this shear rate increases with increasing ϕ as the free gap narrows we find a remarkable variety of flow behaviour and displacement morphologies in frictional granular suspensions and poorly compacted granular media Selected planes of the phase space have been mapped in detail and transitions between various dynamic modes analysed in terms of the prevailing mechanisms and contending forces As many geological fluid-particle flows happen in confinements lava-vents or the man-made hydro-fractures that are created for enhanced oil production we expect natural realizations of our patterns to be found in contexts like these The Hele-Shaw cell was constructed by bonding glass plates (350×350×10 mm3) together using double sided tape along three sides Another similar cell with plate thickness 19 mm was used for experiments requiring high stiffness to minimize the contribution to the total elasticity by bending of the plates Loading of the granular dispersion and subsequent injection of air occurred through an inlet hole at one end of the channel The granular material consisted of polydisperse glass beads of average diameter 100 μm but also present is a significant number of angular grains and smaller particles The host fluid was a 50% water/glycerol solution The added glycerol increases the viscosity of the host fluid such that the beads remain suspended during the injection resulting in a fairly uniform distribution of the granular medium as it sediments on the lower glass plate Air contained in a syringe was injected into the cell using a syringe pump (Aladdin The gas pressure was measured using a sensor (HCL0075D Sensor Technics) connected to a DAQ system (NI cDAQ 9172 Pixelink) placed underneath the cell captured time-lapse images The cell was illuminated in brightfield mode using a white screen and two high-frequency linear fluorescent lights such that the granular material appears dark against a bright background Data and image analyses were performed using standard commercial software The fully mobilized frictional stress at the interface σ(L) takes the form31 The mass density ρ is chosen as ρ=0.6(ρg−ρf) where ρg and ρf are the mass densities of the glass that makes up the grains and the fluid and 0.6 is the solid volume fraction of close-packed spheres We use the following parameter values: ρg=2400 kg m−3 The half width of the resulting finger is found by equating the pressure at the tip and the straight sides Having found the characteristic finger curvature as a function of ϕ we consider the requirements for a transition to the bubble dynamics We note that both the finger growth and bubble formation is a result of frictional stick-slip dynamics We define the phase boundary between the two morphologies as the point where the expansion volume due to an individual slip event increases above corresponding to a bubble of the same curvature as the finger tip The transition point depends on (1) the frictional yield stress of the front and (2) the elastic response of the system the reservoir of air available for decompression we have that the product of pressure and volume is constant (Boyle's law) we have ΔP/(P0+ΔP)≈ΔP/P0 and therefore ΔP/P0≈−ΔV/Vair We express the phase boundary as the minimum value of Vair necessary to generate bubbles (equation (2)) we use the ∂P/∂Rc=0 condition to replace the exponential function in σ(L) (equation (5)) by noting that to express Vair at the phase boundary as a function of ϕ and L (equation (3)) When the injection rate is sufficiently large the stick-slip dynamics of the bubbles will be replaced by continuous displacement At the very least this requires that the particle packing in front of the fluid meniscus is fluidized before it reaches ϕ=1 the system still maintains its elastic response which may allow the system to alternate between steady and stick-slip displacement fluidization of the front before it reaches its close-packed value gives a lower bound on the critical injection rate needed for a transition to continuous motion This condition may be formulated by the requirement that the fluid forces exceed the friction caused by the weight of the particles where ∇P is now the fluid pressure gradient where is the fluid velocity outside the bubble k(ξ) is the permeability of the packing and η the fluid viscosity We shall take the permeability to depend on ξ through the Kozeny–Carman relation k(ξ)=(d2/180)(ξ3/(1−ξ)2) the injection rate q is given by through combining these results we get the critical injection rate This condition states that the packing is fluidized before it reaches a close-packed configuration From direct observation it appears that the bubble sizes fluctuate around a value R=3 cm when Δz=0.5 mm and by using the parameter values η=0.01 Pa s although in practise the stability of the continuous motion will most likely depend on Vair The penetration of a fluid into a porous medium or Hele-Shaw cell containing a more viscous liquid On the motion of a viscous fluid between two parallel plates Diffusion-limited aggregation and two-fluid displacements in porous media Pattern growth and fluid displacements through porous-media Control of viscous fingering patterns in a radial Hele-Shaw cell Viscous fingering fractals in porous-media From viscous fingering to viscoelastic fracturing in colloidal fluids Experimental study on miscible viscous fingering involving viscosity changes induced by variations in chemical species concentrations due to chemical reactions Decompaction and fluidization of a saturated and confined granular medium by injection of a viscous liquid or gas Jamming phase diagram for attractive particles Contact force measurements and stress-induced anisotropy in granular materials unjamming transitions and shear banding in dense granular assemblies Yield stress and shear banding in granular suspensions Crossover from creep to inertial motion in friction dynamics Transition by intermittency in granular matter: from discontinuous avalanches to continuous flow Revolving rivers in sandpiles: from continuous to intermittent flows Viscous finger widening with surfactants and polymers Solid friction from stick-slip down to pinning and aging Transitions between smooth and complex stick-slip sliding of surfaces numerical and experimental investigations of transverse fracture propagation from horizontal wells Growth activity during fingering in a porous Hele-Shaw cell Interface scaling in a two-dimensional porous medium under combined viscous Competition between correlated buoyancy and uncorrelated capillary effects during drainage Crossover from fingering to fracturing in deformable disordered media Steady-state two-phase flow in porous media: statistics and transport properties Download references We thank Grunde Løvoll and Ken Tore Tallakstad for allowing us to use their images of capillary and viscous fingering in a porous medium Support by the Norwegian Research Council through the programs FRINAT and Petromax is acknowledged School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering developed the theory and co-wrote parts of the manuscript The authors declare no competing financial interests This movie shows the displacement dynamics for the two experiments presented in Fig At low filling fraction f the injected air invades the granular fluid mixture in a creeping fingering fashion while a transition to stick slip bubble formation is seen at high f The injection rate and the volume of air contained in the syringe was the same in both experiments (q = 0.02 ml/min The time lapse was recorded with a camera placed underneath the cell and also shown is the corresponding gas pressure measurements during the process This movie shows examples of the types of displacement dynamics that emerge at different injection rates starting with stick slip bubbles at low rate (q = 0.03 ml/min) followed by "temporal intermittency" where periods of continuous motion are interrupted by occasional jamming (0.3 ml/min) "Coral" growth (0.1 ml/min) and destabilized viscous fingering at high rate (30 ml/min) Corresponding pressure measurements are shown This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ Reprints and permissions Download citation a shareable link is not currently available for this article Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science Sign In Subscribe Now Dialogue and debate are integral to a free society and we welcome and encourage you to share your views on the issues of the day. We ask that you be respectful of others and their points of view, refrain from personal attacks and stay on topic. To learn about our commenting policies and how our community-based moderation works, please read our Community Guidelines Marie & Ilaria Carrozza (2023) Winds of change The impact of non-Western powers’ engagement in Afghanistan and the Sahel This PRIO Paper examines the nature and impact of non-Western countries’ engagement in Afghanistan and the Sahel Pakistan and the Gulf states have all used a variety of tools to extend their influence in the two contexts This has now coincided with the withdrawal of American security forces from Afghanistan and French security forces from the Sahel potentially opening up space for neighbouring states Based on analysis of primary and secondary sources this report illuminates the challenges emanating from these changing dynamics and points to their consequences for the geopolitical and strategic environment in both regions The report also makes recommendations for Norway to formulate its foreign policies towards both Afghanistan and the Sahel in light of these developments The Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO) conducts research on the conditions for peaceful relations between states 22 Apr 2025 16:00:00 GMT?.css-1txiau5-AnswerContainer{color:var(--GlobalColorScheme-Text-secondaryText2);}Vindbjart won 1–0 over Sandnes Ulf 2 on Tue The current head to head record for the teams are Vindbjart 1 win(s) Have scored 12 goals in their last 5 matches Who won between Vindbjart and Sandnes Ulf 2 on Tue 22 Apr 2025 16:00:00 GMT?Vindbjart won 1–0 over Sandnes Ulf 2 on Tue 22 Apr 2025 16:00:00 GMT.InsightsHave scored 6 goals in their last 5 matches Vindbjart is playing home against Sandnes Ulf 2 on Tue Olav and Gina Sandnes always wanted a farm they had driven along the bucolic Riverton Road in Mount Bethel passing a farmhouse that faces a pond and the rolling hills beyond on their way to their home in Upper Mount Bethel Township near the Delaware River you get a sense of being by yourself," Gina said The company supplies national brands with fish oil products Renovation work began soon after the closing The historical nature of the house became apparent immediately The owners date the house as pre-Civil War including the hand-hewn beams in the basement We weren't sure of the condition and type of stone behind the stucco We hadn't really planned to do these major renovations." for they could see a sample from a previous addition off the kitchen The outside wall had become the inside wall and revealed a stone with much personality "We were positively surprised by the quality of the stone," Olav said "A lot of homes in this area are fieldstone The Brandywine blue granite might be an indication that the farmer was wealthy for he would have had to pay to have the stone transported to the area the windows have larger panes of hand-blown glass the couple planned cosmetic work that can be found in a paint can "The cost of doing a proper historical renovation like this is like the cost to build this house new," Olav said The couple sought a quality renovation that kept the structure's history intact but we are wired for computers," Gina said "It was peeling off layers of other people's renovations They adapted as each new challenge was uncovered The first time was an attempt to freshen the room and the second time was a complete renovation "Our love for the house grew as we went," Olav said and didn't have the ability to do things like we do now to hand-build this house." He grew up on a farm in Norway where the house dated back to the 1500s So they are particularly fond of saving a home that has a pedigree that dates back more than 150 years The couple enjoys the features of an older home the pantry door that was found in the chicken coop and the immense fireplace that was hidden under several other fireplace renovations "It's not something that you can buy or make today," Olav said including removing the stucco from two other exterior walls which means that the mortar must be replaced and sealed Heating and air conditioning will be a geothermal combination The farmhouse has since become a gathering place The Sandneses and their four children have a virtual playground of sorts They have also hosted events for their church have installed a flagpole with lights to fly the flag at all hours They learned quite a bit during this adventure You never know what you will find under the next layer," Olav said for it might be useful somewhere else on the project The most important element of reconstruction are the people doing the work "You need to find someone to work with who can appreciate what you are trying to accomplish." Aker Carbon Capture has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Forus Energigjenvinning and Lyse to explore ways to support the development of a full-scale carbon capture and storage facility in the Stavanger/Sandnes region in southwestern Norway The collaboration follows the recent launch of the “Longship” full-scale CCS project by the Norwegian government utilization and storage is a key enabler of cutting regional and local emissions for hard-to-abate industries such as waste to energy,” says Eimund Nygaard “We believe that by joining leading companies like Aker Carbon Capture we can enable the climate transition in the Nord-Jæren region.” “Our investments in more compact and cost-effective technology over 20 years is now a key enabler as we work closely with new customers that are starting their CCS journey,” says Valborg Lundegaard Chief Executive Officer of Aker Carbon Capture “HSE-friendly capture is something customers want to see and we have the technology and the passion to drive this development forward The cooperation with Lyse and Forus Energi opens for realizing cost-efficient plants paving the way to make Stavanger and Sandnes front-runners in the energy transition,” she says Lyse aims to be ‘climate neutral’ in its own operations at the same time as it will contribute to significant emission reductions regionally The Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) is non-exclusive and is valid for three years where after the companies can opt to extend further Aker Carbon Capture is a dedicated carbon capture technology company with solutions services and technologies covering the entire CCUS value chain from capture utilization through to storage of CO2 and enhanced oil recovery We serve a range of industries with carbon emissions Marie (2022) Are We Seeing a Global Geopolitical Realignment and Diplomatic Interactions after the Invasion of Ukraine The Russian invasion of Ukraine has prompted claims that a new Cold War is evident in the emergence of global blocs This brief examines the evidence as to whether the world is already divided into blocs; whether states in Africa Latin America and the Caribbean remain ‘non-aligned’; and whether there is a global competition for influence It studies the clues that can be gleaned from states’ public actions over the first 15 weeks after the invasion The analysis suggests that while there is no sign of a global pro-Russia or pro-authoritarian bloc there is reluctance in parts of the ‘Global South’ to support the stance taken by the United States or its allies in Western Europe Ryan Filgas Photography and fashion have been heavily intertwined for an obscene amount of time; so what better way is there to capture the glamour and beauty of a morphing art like fashion but to freeze it in time with a photograph Leila Hafzi is a Norwegian clothing designer who strives to bring back a more traditional take on clothing and in doing so has crossed paths with advertising photographer Erik Almas to create some imagery that might have you dancing to Norway to try on a mess of new clothes… but there’s a twist Leila Hafzi’s line of clothing for Sandnes Garn is a luxury clothing line that you can knit yourself and they can be purchased along with materials at various yarn retailers in Norway who also ship abroad This is done in hopes that consumers would be aware of how much work goes into their clothing not to mention creative ways to customize garments for each wearer Here’s the behind the scenes video for this shoot: Watching this along with some of Erik’s other videos shows how a versatile style can adapt itself to different clients; and that it’s always good to shoot with different styles and lighting methods to suit your needs This sometimes means using all natural light with modifiers or a combination of the two depending on your subject and lighting conditions yet much of this project favored a natural romantic look that brings the viewer in softly to accentuate the clothing line The purpose of these images was well considered and the texture and form of the knit pieces is brought out in each one This isn’t the first campaign Erik Almas has done with Leila Hafzi; in fact just last year he was on location in Nepal photographing in a country where Leila was inspired to become a designer some fifteen years ago Here’s a couple samples of that work followed by a behind the scenes of the trip One thing mentioned in Erik’s blog post from his time in Nepal with Leila Hafzi was that these projects are more than just the photos and the experience of being there to create them is incredible more so than having the photographs afterwards Images that really tell stories or provoke questions are becoming scarce; so any time a photographer can slow down and be a part of it themselves adds a depth to the photograph that makes it stand out; it’s refreshing to see work that accomplishes this If you’d like to see more of Erik’s work or read the blog, you can find his website here I’d encourage you to read what he has to say about his work and travels and also consider purchasing his comprehensive workshop DVD Forgot your password? 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Enter your username or email address to receive a link to set your password « Back to login Your account will be downgraded to a Free Account at the end of your Premium Membership trial Add a credit card now and it will be charged for an Annual Premium Membership ($499) at the end of your trial Marvin Sandnes is a Pacific Green Party candidate for Congress in Oregon's 5th district Oregon's 5th is currently represented by Democrat Kurt Schrader To watch KATU's one-on-one interview with Mr You can learn more about Mr. Sandnes at his campaign's website We're asking candidates to complete a questionnaire with the same questions as the on-camera interview plus some additional questions about themselves and their positions Sandnes' answers as he provided them to us: I'm running to encourage dialogue about our insane military murders of innocent 3rd world people for money WHY SHOULD PEOPLE WHO LIVE IN YOUR CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT VOTE FOR YOU Vote for Marvin helps us make this statement about stopping the WAR WHAT'S THE NUMBER ONE ISSUE FACING YOUR DISTRICT RIGHT NOW our Ocean is dying - Cut defense spending and use those talents and resources to find solutions to the destruction of our home WHAT MAKES YOU DIFFERENT THAN THE OTHER CANDIDATES FOR CONGRESS IN YOUR DISTRICT As a minor party candidate I can speak about these un-speakable issues - so many taboos in our public dialogue THE CANDIDATE’S POSITION ON SOME OF THE MEASURES ON THE 2018 OREGON BALLOT: -REMOVING OREGON'S SANCTUARY STATE STATUS Sandnes provided no answer for this question on the questionnaire He does provide an answer for this question during his on-camera interview above.) -THE PROPOSED CONSTITUIONAL BAN ON STATE FUNDING OF ABORTIONS and I don't like those opposed to abortion paying their taxes for abortions I don't think that view can be impose on another -THE PROPOSED CONSTITUTIONAL BAN ON GROCERY TAXES perhaps constitutional amendment is necessary ARE YOU IN FAVOR OF PUTTING TOLLS ON I-5 AND I-205 DO YOU THINK MEMEBERS OF CONGRESS ARE LIVING UP TO THEIR RESPONSIBILITIES RIGHT NOW Congresspeople see their responsibility as getting re-elected We must have term limits to ensure citizen representation in D.C WHAT WOULD YOU DO TO HELP INCREASE BIPARTISANSHIP IN CONGRESS Sandnes provided no answer for this question on the questionnaire.) WHAT CONCERNS YOU THE MOST ABOUT THE CURRENT POLITICAL CLIMATE Political climate: We do not discuss the WAR Why have we abdicated all discussion to media and my mother and dad - unafraid to speak out WHAT QUESTION DO YOU WISH SOMEONE WOULD ASK YOU I wish someone would ask about the WAR and why we've murdered 3 million innocent people and have created a $21 trillion debt for our great grand children WHAT’S THE BEST PIECE OF ADVICE THAT YOU’VE EVER RECEIVED your problem will begin to get better right away." Under water in Oregon's Ocean and rivers unless Oregon State's having a good year - then I'm a Beaver Why these questions do not ask about the WAR or the 7 countries the US is bombing this morning or Afri-Com's bases in Africa - "Cooperative Security Locations" We know why: These are prohibited topics America's media is forbidden to discuss Digital Edition Subscribe Archives by Santa Clarita Magazine | Jan 30, 2012 | Community The Boy Scouts of America have announced the honorees for the Seventh Annual Santa Clarita Valley Leaders of Character Recognition Dinner The 2012 list of distinguished honorees from Santa Clarita Valley business Marian and Richard Sandnes and Eileen Mann and Marc Winger The honor is presented annually to those who personify the character and leadership demonstrated in the Boy Scout Oath and Law in their daily life A dinner in the recipients’ honor will be held at The Hyatt Regency Valencia on Saturday The public is invited to join in recognition of the community leadership exemplified by these three couples Exciting auction items are available: the KHTS Antique Fire Truck tour seaborne excursions on the lovely Valkyrie yacht and more… with the handsome young Scouts of SCV to encourage your bidding This year’s remarkable couples join a distinguished group of Santa Clarita Valley community and business leaders Past Leaders of Character recipients include: Chell and Greg Amsler For attendance or sponsorship information, contact Ransom Boynton at 661-284-6330 or rboynton@bsa-la.org The Boy Scouts of America was founded in 1910 and is the nation’s foremost youth program The organization provides adventure and leadership skills to our youth and services to the Santa Clarita Valley community total scout membership is well over 100 million The Western Los Angeles County Council of the Boy Scouts of America has continually been recognized nationally for excellence in program development Proceeds raised during the Leaders of Character Recognition Dinner will directly benefit the existing programs and services being delivered to the 2,500 youth participating in scouting activities within the Santa Clarita Valley You can be the first one to leave a comment Δdocument.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value" 6th in 2. Division Table Prediction Risk - UNLOCK This season in 2. Division, Sandnes Ulf's form is Good overall with 2 wins, 2 draws, and 1 losses. This performance currently places Sandnes Ulf at 0 out of 28 teams in the 2. Division Table Sandnes Ulf's home form is very good with the following results : 0 wins Sandnes Ulf has scored a total of 10 goals this season in 2 More Over / Under / BTTS / Goals data are under the Goals tab More Sandnes Ulf corner stats are available under the Corners tab * Average Goals Scored Per Match for Sandnes Ulf in 2 • Sandnes Ulf scores a goal every 0 minutes in 2 • Sandnes Ulf scores an average of 0 goals every game * Average Goals Conceded Per Match for Sandnes Ulf in 2 • Sandnes Ulf has conceded a total of 8 goals this season in 2 • Sandnes Ulf concedes a goal every 0 min • Sandnes Ulf concedes an average of 0 goals every game Sandnes Ulf has a ratio of 80% Over 2.5 goals during the 2 Over / Under Goals are calculated from total match goals for fixtures that Sandnes Ulf has participated in Over / Under 1H/2H Goals are calculated from both team's goals in that half UNLOCKCorners / Match * Average Corner Kicks per match between Sandnes Ulf and their opponents in a single match Match corners is the total corners between Sandnes Ulf and their opponent in the match Corners Earned = Sandnes Ulf's corner kicks UNLOCKCards / Match * Average Total Match Cards per match between Sandnes Ulf and their opponents in a single match Match cards is the total cards between Sandnes Ulf and their opponent in the match * Not all matches have goal timings recorded for Sandnes Ulf Cards and Corners in these tables are total between both teams * Not all matches have goal/corner/card timings recorded for Sandnes Ulf * Average Shots Per Match for Sandnes Ulf in 2 Sandnes Ulf's 2025 season is seeing them taking an average of 15.25 shots per match with 8.25 shots being on target and the rest being off target xG For - Sandnes Ulf takes an average of 15.25 shots per match xG Against - Sandnes Ulf's xGA (Expected Goals Against) is 1.79 per match in the 2 Ole Sebastian Sundgot Endre Hjertager Osenbroch Ådne Gikling Bruseth Jarmund Øyen Kvernstuen Jonas Brune Aune Henrik Bjørgen Jensen Bård Brandeggen Jørgen Galta Eirik Asante Gayi Jakob Talmo Tromsdal Sander Saugestad Gullbrandur í Horni Øregaard Erik Berland Teodor Håland Daniel Samuelsen Arifagic Noah Umbach Bertelsen Espen Hammer Berger Mats Gresvik Lunde Aslak Falch *Sandnes Ulf Roster and stats are retrieved from 2025 Season Sandnes Ulf's current top 3 scorers for the 2025 season are Sundgot with 5 goals, followed by Talmo Tromsdal with 2 goals, and Hammer Berger and a 1 goals The 2025 season is seeing Sandnes Ulf's Aslak Falch lead the team in assists with 0, followed by Hammer Berger with 0 and Gayi with 0 2025 2. Division season is a real test of Falch's stamina as they've played the most matches this season with 5 appearances. Hammer Berger has made 5 appearances and Talmo Tromsdal has made 5 appearances Sandnes Ulf's most frequently booked player is Gullbrandur í Horni Øregaard (2 cards), followed by Eirik Asante Gayi (1 cards), and Ådne Gikling Bruseth (1 card) Club Nickname(s)Ulf / de himmelblå / de lyseblå Average AttendanceNot recorded yet or may be affected by COVID-19 WebsiteSandnes Ulf Official website Twitter@SandnesUlf FacebookSandnes Ulf Facebook Follow FootyStats on the following channels to make sure you never miss a stat * Please be aware that unauthorized individuals may be falsely claiming affiliation with FootyStats on Social Media These individuals are not associated with our company in any capacity Please verify official representatives through our website or official communication channels is not responsible for any interactions or transactions with unauthorized persons misrepresenting our organization © FootyStats - Built with Love for The Beautiful Game A paradigm shift since the competition win in 2012, removing all car parking and cross-traffic - has been heavily pushed through by a 9-year process of locally implemented research, diplomacy and activism by the architects. Exploded axonometric landscapeSandnes’ historic center remains a small-scaled urban fabric. The new district by the waterfront has a distinctly different dimension - scaled up to the old post-industrial structures on site. By overlapping the two adjacent contexts, the new RUTEN is adapted to both. Referencing the adjacent historic city, a 6x6meter grid of trees, columns and lampposts is extended onto the site. © Ivan BrodeyOur strategy has been to combine a large urban park, for coming population growth and for the big occasions and a grid of possibilities - a smaller subdivision of dedicated spaces with intimacy and diversity of activities. © Ivan BrodeyThe urban park balances all occasions; Intimate _ Open large scale.It allows for the representative and planned Instalco acquires URD Klima Sandnes AS and thereby establishes a presence in Stavanger and strengthens its offering in southern Norway has sales of around SEK 85 million and 25 employees URD Klima Sandnes AS was founded in 1999 and offers solutions within ventilation heating- and cooling systems for both new construction and renovation The company has demonstrated strong results over a long period of time and has a historically proven ability to work multidisciplinary “The acquisition of URD Klima Sandnes provides Instalco with exposure to a new exciting region around Stavanger where large investments are expected in the future It is a well-organized and highly profitable company with a very stable financial history and a wide network in the area" URD Klima Sandnes also has an established service department with a stated strategy to continue growing this in the future “We have good relationship to other Instalco companies in Norway and very much look forward to developing our business to the next level as part of a larger network and strong team” Instalco acquires 100 percent of the shares in URD Klima Sandnes AS as of 11 September norwegian firms space group and superunion have just won the competition for ‘ruten in sandess’ situated in an area that borders the historic center and the new waterfront district this urban design marries the two contexts adapting to both their physical characteristics and programs the plan reflects the city’s future plans for development while preserving its strong local roots the new transport hub and public space will be connected through a swooping ring which will also provide shelter and shade under its roof the diversity of recreational opportunities takes its cue from new york city’s central park as this urban development will establish intimate located in the middle of the circle a central plaza will feature spraying water allowing visitors to cool off in the hot summer months a skate park will be positioned adjacent to the circular center outlined with pathways the theme of recreation continues with a track and field located along the length of the park allowing urban runners a landscaped trail safe from the city traffic outdoor setting areas will be found throughout the public space providing sectors and zones for gathering and celebrating fusing the gardens with residents and visiting citizens anna nilsson superunion architects: johanne borthne vilhelm christensen landscape: inside outside/petra blaisse structural engineering: dipl ing florian kosche sustainability: atelier ten traffic: plan urban curator: anne beate hovind lighting: ljusarkitektur visualization: weiss images AXOR presents three bathroom concepts that are not merely places of function but destinations in themselves — sanctuaries of style Archive Pavilions Editor Magazine & Web: Gareth Moore Chief Editor: Pål Mugaas Jensen Publisher Oceanspace Media AS:Gustav Erik Blaalid Norwegian firm Blueday Technology has signed an agreement with Norwegian port authority Sandnes Havn for delivery of a shore-power system Blueday calls its shore-power system BluEco and said it is based on Blueday’s knowledge of using variable-frequency drives as variable-speed control for electric motors The system is equipped with an active front end and grid converter solution Blueday’s shore-power systems are typically used to supply ships and offshore rigs on short- and medium-term port stays The shore-to-ship power systems enable vessels docked in the port to draw all the electricity needed for operating their onboard systems Using shore-side power allows ships to shut off their diesel engines while docked in port resulting in reduced greenhouse gas emissions noise and vibrations and creates a window for possible maintenance work on the engines The system will comply with IEC/PAS 80005-X LV and MV Shore Connection Systems The company has also developed a proprietary charger to provide both AC and DC solutions. Blueday Technology said its team has expertise in offshore and marine electrical and control engineering and creates shore-power systems based on flexible The company will be responsible for the design installation and commissioning of the project The contract will be executed in the company’s operating centre in Stavanger and the system is scheduled to be completed during H2 2020 Rolandsen; Julian Karssen & Marie Sandnes (2020) Compounding Fragmentation: Security Force Assistance to Fragile States in the Sahel and Horn of Africa Western countries attempt to remedy instability and insecurity in the Sahel and the Horn of Africa by providing Security Force Assistance (SFA) billions have been spent on training and equipping armed forces and security forces in the six countries studied here: Burkina Faso SFA has been intended to address long-term structural problems related to the low capacity of state security units But it is also used to combat short-term symptoms of instability and debilitated state capacity such as insurgencies In this comprehensive review of SFA efforts we highlight how such assistance might contribute to political fragmentation within states and in particular within their security forces SFA efforts in the countries investigated often appear to be ineffective and The LA-based artist opens up about “Desire Armed,” his new series of drawings on view at LAXART How did your show at LA><ART come about What about their space was conducive to showcasing your work What do you like about living and working out of LA? Tags:All Cities,Art,Arts and Culture,Los Angeles The organization's latest community-based installation celebrates 250 years of American history More This new Earl’s Court hotel is a rare oasis with 156-rooms and a beautiful private garden More The new restaurant at Louis Vuitton's Midtown Manhattan flagship debuts a high tea service to go with their all-day dining concept More The actor plays Elmer McCurdy, an American outlaw, in the new musical Dead Outlaw More The two-time winner of RuPaul’s Drag Race tackles Gilbert and Sullivan in the Roundabout Theatre’s new Pirates! The Penzance Musical More The women's fashion brand expands its New York City footprint More The Soloviev Foundation Debuts A New Exhibition The organization's latest community-based installation celebrates 250 years of American history More The two-time winner of RuPaul’s Drag Race tackles Gilbert and Sullivan in the Roundabout Theatre’s new Pirates! The ... More Sargent and Paris at The Metropolitan Museum of Art showcases 100 works of art including the artist's "Madame X" More To celebrate the launch of the new fragrance, Chanel has opened a special activation at The Grove for ... More The musician and actress makes her debut in the new musical Just in Time opposite Jonathan Groff More Introducing the EMM Group Founders Ilaria & Marie Sandnes (2022) China’s Engagement in West Africa: The Cases of Ghana and Senegal This brief addresses China’s growing presence in West Africa by looking at its investments in infrastructure and technology as well as security and military cooperation China has shown interest in expanding its activities in West Africa an area that has previously seen lower levels of Chinese presence than southern or eastern Africa The brief explores China’s engagement in the region by comparing its presence in Ghana and Senegal We find that China seems to be engaged more deeply and across a wider range of sectors in Ghana than in Senegal We link this to the fact that France traditionally maintains closer ties with its ex-colonies than Britain and that China has entertained diplomatic relations with Ghana for much longer than with Senegal After almost 50 years at the helm of the iconic Glenmerry Bowl Sandnes moved from Vancouver Island to Trail when he bought the bowling alley and took possession on Feb He and his wife Caryl have been engaged with the Kootenay bowling community ever since; a community he says “I think you have to if you are going to be in this kind of business for so long.” The Sandnes’ were able to leave the popular Trail bowling alley in good hands selling the business to the Ferraro family “He’s done a great job,” said Danny Ferraro and it was an opportunity we couldn’t refuse.” Operation ‘bowling centre’ will be a family affair with the upcoming plans and changes overseen by Danny along with his wife Barb their daughters Carolyn Whitley and Theresa Penney The operation will be managed by business partner/friend and competitive bowler Kennady Keraiff who grew up on the lanes of Glenmerry Bowl and she was Miss Glenmerry Bowl once upon a time in the Trail Ambassador program.” the bowling centre will continue with its several leagues including youth and will help her to make it a very exciting experience.” The Ferraros will also keep the glow bowling going and recreational gatherings enjoyed by residents — they just want to kick it up a notch The plan is to make it into a one-stop entertaining outing for families where you can enjoy good food and refreshments while having fun rolling rocks and knocking down pins “It will be exciting to continue and build upon a new social activity that’s not just for kids,” said Whitley and people from all walks of life can do it.” Sandnes is also looking forward to his retirement and thrilled that the bowling centre will remain intact and improved and is happy to offer any help or advice if needed Glenmerry Bowl has produced a number of elite bowlers including Sandnes having all attended several provincial and national bowling championships over the years Sandnes is also commemorated on the Trail Home of Champions Monument for his exceptional bowling skills Ron was a member of seven BC Men’s Championship teams and has also coached the BC Single Team at the National Youth Bowling Finals and was named to the Canadian All-Star Men’s Team at the finals in Winnipeg Sandnes has seen dramatic changes over the last half century “The whole industry has changed immensely,” said Ron “League bowling was may more popular from the 50s league bowling was the dominant income for all bowling centres “Now the bowling industry has gone into more entertainment; they’ll have lounges and it’s the public bowling that generates the bulk of your income now.” The Ferraro family is excited to bring those new features to Greater Trail residents and plans to keep the bowling center open while making those changes and improvements The family is still hashing out the details of the design and offerings but are enthusiastic and excited about taking over June 1 and Kennady is the one with the real knowledge,’” said Whitley Read: Veteran bowling duo rolls to team gold Read: Trail bowler to coach BC Special Olympians at Nationals sports@trailtimes.caLike us on Facebook and follow us on Twitter Dialogue and debate are integral to a free society and we welcome and encourage you to share your views on the issues of the day. We ask that you be respectful of others and their points of view, refrain from personal attacks and stay on topic. To learn about our commenting policies and how our community-based moderation works, please read our Community Guidelines. A place able to shelter, invite and encourage more social events and to sustain new practices. Since the site is visible from afar, and from the railway separating thèse two distinct areas of the city it was essential to create an object that could be experienced from distance and reveal the square. Homely but looking at the future, our ambition was to create a manifesto for public space design : not just a decoration, but an urban strategy; The proposal used the iconographic shape of and old, uplifted wooden house. By the redefinition of its traditional construction and by making it glow in the dark, a new landmark for the city was created, a symbol of the old city upscaled to the new city’s dimensions, dealing with the Norwegian wood ancient architecture motives to design a contemporary object. © Jonas AdolfsenThis public Lantern aimed at providing a space where to enjoy light and weather changes if/when nothing else takes place And if there is always something happening more will happen: creativity calls for creativity