Suzanne Verdal told me she could make me famous
And that’s how I found myself sitting in a diner in a forgotten mountain town along the California/Oregon border
trying to convince Suzanne to let me record our conversation
then waved her hands over me like some kind of enigmatic clairvoyant and promised that if I stick with her
When my father played Leonard Cohen’s music for me as a child
Suzanne — the inspiration behind Cohen’s indelible song of that name — was who I wanted to be
She was my first understanding of what it meant to be a “muse,” and she imbued the role with a rare kind of power
leading an entranced Cohen to a place of deeper understanding by illuminating the grace in the wreckage that’s all around them
and joie de vivre drive him to some of his greatest artistic heights
That ability struck me as enviable and romantic; I wanted to hold that kind of sway
Long before I knew what Suzanne looked like
I identified her with the woman depicted in the illustration on the back of the 1967 record Songs of Leonard Cohen
she was emerging from violent flames and wearing chains around her wrists
startling image that fused beauty with captivity
I didn’t question that equivalence: I dreamed of being in the spotlight
and I used to fantasize about what it would be like to pose for the image
there was a shift in the way I understood Suzanne: I longed to be the artist instead of the inspiration
and wondered if she was actually a prisoner of someone else’s success
It was a friend’s father who first told me about the real Suzanne
he’d met Suzanne when he took pictures of her dancing at a drum circle in Venice Beach in the early 2000s
He described how her life had a taken a bleak turn
how her dream of being a famous dancer had never materialized
I had no idea Suzanne even had artistic aspirations; I hadn’t really thought about her life outside the song
Despite the powerful spell she cast on Cohen
Suzanne seemed to be one in a long line of women who had been defined by a man
trying to convince her I was the person to set the record straight
I told her that I wasn’t interested in Cohen
but in what she had gone through — and that I hadn’t seen anything written or made about her by another woman who could understand the weight of what she carried
I imagined I could help unshackle her from the complications that come with being a famous muse and reveal the real person beneath the myth
It turned out that that was the last thing she wanted
It’s May 2019 when I meet Suzanne at a Black Bear Diner in Yreka
a downtrodden town best known for its association with the California Secession Movement
The diner is a chain restaurant catering to both families with small children and truckers looking for something better than Burger King
and she wears it piled loosely atop her head
Her matching taffeta coat has a petaled collar that blossoms around her face
making her look like an Elizabethan lady with a neck ruff
“Not even to my cats.” At her elbow is a man she calls her “agent.”
David Nigel Lloyd wears a white linen suit of the same shade as his long beard
and a bolo tie with a turquoise stone at the center
He tells me he’s an adjunct professor at the local community college
“You might mistake it for a prison,” he says jovially
Suzanne wants a witness: Lloyd is there in case I’m not who I said I was
and it’s taken a lot to get to this diner in the first place
as I put my pitch in the mail to her as she had requested
I’d thought about why I was so determined to meet and write about her
Anger that arose from feeling dismissed by the male artists I knew — in grad school workshops
at parties where they talked right past me
I had a history of getting involved with powerful
even if my desire for them was on shakier ground
Suzanne would be my equalizer: Her story would help me become a peer of these men
rather than just another lit girl in black tights hanging on their every word as they dissected the latest issue of Harper’s
I saw the possibility not only of reckoning with what muses might be owed
but the chance to strike a blow for all the women who have inspired men’s art while struggling to be recognized for their own
Almost immediately after we introduce ourselves at the diner
listing a set of grievances against those who have done her wrong
starting with her dance community in the ’60s
“When I was doing very avant-garde modern dance
other dancers would steal my ideas,” she says
you’re doing that weird dancing now.’ I felt very betrayed.”
it becomes clear that Suzanne believes much more than her choreography has been taken from her
that she’s been robbed of her story and her name
by every journalist hoping to gain more insight into Cohen’s psyche
By every Montreal establishment that still uses Suzanne’s myth to lure in tourists (one
boasts a “Cohen Daquiri” on its cocktail menu)
once claimed to be Suzanne and then sang her namesake song with Peter Gabriel in France
Perhaps even by Cohen himself — and by extension
all the men who were intoxicated by Suzanne but never really saw her
Suzanne recalls being introduced to Leonard Cohen in the mid-sixties by her then-boyfriend
just out of high school; Vaillancourt and Cohen were both in their thirties
Cohen and Suzanne shared a platonic attraction to one another
even having words with Vaillancourt about his indifferent
When Suzanne tells me about Montreal in the sixties
she paints a portrait of a city at the dawn of a cultural revolution
Bordering tenuously on the cusp of adulthood herself
Suzanne believed back then that art meant something
and a back she could bend in an arch as round and as dangerous as a bow
Suzanne’s dancing and choreography skills were the only currency that really mattered to her
she describes constantly fielding invites to the best
she was booked to dance on national television
She performed in silver lamé as an homage to Marlene Dietrich
whom she had once seen in the flesh while working at the front desk at the Ritz Carlton Hotel
Suzanne’s face lights up with a mixture of awe and pride as she recounts how Dietrich had walked down the stairs of the hotel
decked out in furs that trailed to the ground and holding a small
and for a split second it was like Suzanne glimpsed her own future
where she instructed her dancers to paint their faces in white makeup and wear black unitards with white stripes down the arms and bodies
the dancers look uncannily like a Keith Haring painting — though this was years before Haring burst on the scene
It’s not entirely clear if it happened months or years after she and Cohen first met
but eventually the musician would create an enduring myth around Suzanne — who
soon to be pregnant with Vaillancourt’s baby
and living on the edge of poverty in a studio near the river
and had no intention of turning his ode into a song
In fact he didn’t think of himself as a singer/songwriter at all; he was an author on the brink of publishing his second novel
It was through the encouragement of his good friend
that he began looking at the poem as lyrics
Cohen’s rendition appeared on his own breakthrough record
the release of which transformed him almost immediately from middling writer to full-blown folk god
in a contract he didn’t have the wherewithal to read
Cohen signed away the rights to “Suzanne,” ensuring he would never make any money from the song
“The rights of it were stolen from me,” he says in a video of an early performance
But he claimed the theft didn’t bother him: “I felt that was perfectly justified because it would be wrong to write this song and get rich from it too,” he explains
some sources estimated his net worth at forty million dollars
living out of a caravan-like truck that she built with her son
she resides in a one-bedroom shack only a few miles from where we meet at the diner
She struggles to find the couple hundred dollars she needs to pay rent every month
“I need to find a way out,” she tells me from her perch on the vinyl-sided diner booth
“The concrete floors are terrible for my back.”
She also wrestles with the consequences of her distinct gift: her flair for divining greatness in other young artists
has been her best asset as well as her heaviest burden; in return
why don’t you think about doing that
It’s not only Cohen whom Suzanne understands she has inspired
Armand Vaillancourt has had a long and prolific art career; his publicly commissioned Vaillancourt Fountain is displayed prominently in San Francisco
and Suzanne thinks it was her influence in the early days of their relationship that helped Vaillancourt grow into the artist he is now
When I exchange emails with Vaillancourt though
he doesn’t mention this — or Suzanne’s dancing
while Suzanne was dancing on the renaissance festival circuit in Minnesota
she became good friends with a woman whose eleven-year-old daughter would grow up to be the writer Cheryl Strayed
Suzanne showed me her copy of Strayed’s memoir
which had a thoughtful inscription from the author inside
Strayed remembered Suzanne as “magical and powerful.” “Her vibrancy took my breath away,” Strayed wrote
“She struck me as a very strong woman and her creative approach to life reminded me of my mom (even then)
My sister and I were utterly enchanted by her
I could imagine exactly how that could happen.”
Strayed sends me a photograph of herself with Suzanne
Suzanne’s eyes glitter and her hair is like a giant halo; her collarbones glisten beneath a heap of silver necklaces
David Nigel Lloyd is the latest in a long line of men Suzanne has trusted to protect her: many of them do so more than willingly
I see Suzanne’s effect in action later that afternoon when she meets my boyfriend
“Well aren’t you just a strong American hero,” she says
If men have been Suzanne’s greatest necessity
they’re also the driving force behind her physical deterioration
back to a man — an experience that marks a before and after in her life
She holds back tears when she talks about it
“You’re never the same after that.”
teaching movement to actors in the same LA studio where Marilyn Monroe took her first classes
She also had a nice side gig going as a massage therapist
But she wanted to come to Hollywood to try her hand at choreographing and dancing in music videos
and so she had packed up and moved to Hollywood to see if she could make it on the small screen
Though she was then already in her fifties
most people thought she looked much younger
From photographs she showed me of that time I can see why
She shacked up with a man who she knew in her gut was a bad guy
she called him her “roommate” though sometimes he was also her “boyfriend.” He was paying the rent
He was mad that other people connected with her
that he couldn’t have Suzanne all to himself
Suzanne claims that he said he had repaired the ladder on her truck
throwing her backwards toward the concrete
the doctors said she would have been paralyzed
one in three places that required the insertion of a metal rod
Suzanne’s boyfriend put her out on the street
and suddenly she had absolutely nothing: no man
in which she’d spend most of the next decade driving up and down the coast looking for safe places to sleep
while parked in a Santa Monica parking lot late at night
she saw the dirty fingers of a wild-looking man trying to push her window down
Suzanne jammed the keys into the ignition and got the hell out of there
Suzanne has tried to make every day a fresh one: clean linens
She never wanted people to know the depth of her situation
People look down on you and think you must be a drug addict or a hopeless loser to be in such a situation,” Suzanne says
“It was very tough on my honor and my dignity.” She wanted them to watch her dancing on the beach as she moved to the beat of the drum circle — to take photographs of her
Provided by Suzanne Verdal.After about an hour
Suzanne suggests we leave the diner and go back to the hotel where I’m staying
She wants to show me her old photographs and clippings
and doesn’t feel comfortable displaying all her mementos in a restaurant
or the waitress spilling drinks on her portfolio
She looks closely at my face and asks if I have any Roma blood in me
She herself has been deemed an “unofficial Roma Gypsy” because of her devotion to learning the cultural folk dancing
she hoists herself up into the driver’s seat
With her green painted fingernails clasped on the door handle
she tells me again that writing about her will bring me the success I want
Then she backs up the camper and waits to follow me to my hotel
I watch Suzanne in my rearview mirror and wonder how she was able to put her finger so squarely on my desires
I’d told myself — and explained to Suzanne — that I wanted to write a feminist defense of her
arguing that she deserves credit she has so long been denied
in the way I lean in just a little too far when she offers predictions about my future
Behind me Suzanne is maneuvering her unwieldy camper at fifteen miles an hour
It’s a sight to behold: There’s a kind of wooden house that sits atop the flatbed
making sure to keep the center of gravity directly over the middle — one sharp turn and she could lose everything she has left
I hold on to Suzanne’s elbow and help her up the one flight of stairs from the parking lot to my room
the kind with an ankle strap and chunky heel that Broadway dancers wear on stage
I recognize them from my own days as an aspiring actor
the seven unbearable years I spent auditioning in New York and getting nowhere
I’m aware that while I no longer harbor ambitions of being a professional ingenue
I’m still after that elusive feeling of having “arrived.”
Suzanne and I sit next to each other on a love seat and she takes out a big black book full of laminated reference letters
and photographs of her as a young woman in various costumes and leotards
There are pictures from a commune in the south of France
and more of her dancing at various renaissance fairs in the Midwest
In some she wears long brocade gowns that make her look like a medieval princess
spilling over bare shoulders that shimmer in peasant tops
There are two photos taken right before her accident
she’s wearing a top hat and an army jacket
“I think this one would be good for Rolling Stone,” she says
“On account of the hat.” I move toward it but she put her hand out to stop me: “Time to talk.”
Suzanne wants me to pay her for the rest of the interview
or that I take her to Walmart to buy her a “starter computer.” From our previous correspondence
I already know Suzanne doesn’t have a smart phone
It’s possible she’s never used the internet
Part of me wants to give her the money — she obviously could use it
— though I don’t actually have a thousand dollars in my bank account
I wonder briefly if she’d accept a couple hundred instead
that I have neutral principles to fall back on
But when I tell Suzanne it’s unethical for journalists to pay their sources
the more I understand how much Suzanne believes she is owed — an eternal debt incurred when Leonard Cohen wrote a song that wouldn’t exist without her
The last time Suzanne saw Cohen was in the early eighties in Montreal
She was standing on the sidelines of his gig and curtsied to him
But that recognition was never enough for Suzanne
She believed Cohen had the financial means to make her life easier
He could at least have helped her when she was homeless
I ask Suzanne if she had reached out to Cohen during that time: She hadn’t
but insisted he must have known about her situation because of an interview she’d done with the CBC
Suzanne harbored a bitter grudge against the journalists who made it because
they hadn’t invited her to the awards ceremony
Later I searched for that award-winning interview on YouTube
I turned up only a short clip with Suzanne
from a German production that was part of a series on women who influenced pop music
Suzanne reiterates that Cohen should have helped her financially
“It was beneath me to ask Leonard for anything,” she says
“It seems to me he could have offered.” When I reached out to the CBC
they were confused about what I was looking for
then sent me a twenty-minute audio story about Cohen’s song
journalist Paul Kennedy narrates Suzanne’s legend: “But what about the woman behind the lyrics
who inspires an up-and-coming young poet to write an immortal love song
because she’s saving the material for her own memoir
Next to me on that love seat in my hotel room in Yreka is a woman so overshadowed by the work of art she inspired — or at least her own concept of it — that she seems to have no other identity
Even now Suzanne has no idea how to be anyone other than the young bohemian who sees “heroes in the seaweed,” as Cohen wrote
though that way of life is also slowly killing her
and it’s hard to know where to place the blame
Is it the misogyny inherent in the position of muse
“I don’t want to be a footnote in someone else’s story,” she tells me
It’s a line she repeats often throughout our time together
Yet in carrying Cohen’s projection of her around for so long
Suzanne has disappeared under the weight of “Suzanne.”
begging me to scrub the record of some poems she had written and read aloud to me
She’s fixated on the idea that her work hasn’t been copyrighted
and terrified that someone might plagiarize her writing
I call back and tell her I’ll redact them from the transcript
She wants me to deliver a handwritten statement declaring that I will never quote from her written work
It is the first and only time I see where Suzanne lives
a small derelict house with a porch covered in dusty succulents and other overgrown plants
swatting away flies and watching cats climb in and out of the windows
I had tried to assuage her fears and reassure her that copyrighting her poems wasn’t necessary
But maybe what she was really worried about was me pilfering her words
I pin my note beneath a small clay pot and leave
I expected to get more of these anxious messages
She’s angry that I hadn’t offered her a glass of water during our interview
She says that I “lacked any insight and maturity as a woman.” She tells me that I’m nothing but opportunistic
In a photo my boyfriend took of her and I together in my hotel room
Suzanne always reflected to others what they needed to see in order to fulfill their own destiny; as Cohen succinctly put it so many years ago
Suzanne listed the names of big glossy magazines where she thought a profile of her should be published
I tried my best to tactfully relay that magazine publishing today is a whole different ballgame than it used to be
I suspect Suzanne hopes getting into Rolling Stone would mean some kind of payout for her
so I’m gentle when I tell her that the most I’ve ever been paid by a publication like that was a far cry from a dollar-per-word
“Maybe I’m just not relevant anymore,” she said
I think back to the woman in the painting on the back cover of Cohen’s record
the one I believed was Suzanne when I was a child
That image is actually a popular Catholic icon: the Anima Sola
The flames that surround her represent the eternal wait to be released to heaven
Cohen had a different interpretation; he believed the woman was breaking free from her chains and leaving the blazing
“It is the triumph of the spirit over matter,” he said
maybe I was right in sensing some kind of kinship between that solitary woman and Suzanne
But my desire to liberate her was probably doomed from the start: I could not know her
What I wanted for Suzanne was always attached to what I wanted from her
I think she understood that from the beginning
As she was gathering her belongings to leave my hotel room
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Life on Mars
Poet Wrestling with the Possibility She’s Living in a Simulation
Data’s Work Is Never Done
X-Ray of a Flagging Presidency
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procurement and construction specialist Kvaerner Verdal has had a rated capacity indicator (RCI)
made by Canadian-headquartered crane monitoring solutions specialist Rayco-Wylie
fitted to its Lampson LTL 1500 SIII Transi-Lift crane in Verdal
Kvaerner Verdal’s Lampson LTL 1500 SIII Transi-Lift crane in Verdal
The Transi-Lift is a heavy lift crane that Lampson International describes as combining the heavy lifting capacities of stiff leg derricks and ring mounted lift equipment with the mobility of a conventional crawler crane
The crane is being used with a 104-metre main boom and a 37-metre jib with a 15° offset
together with a seven-inch colour display and integrated wind speed indicator
Rayco-Wylie said this will provide the operator with clear and accurate information regarding the load being lifted
and the corresponding safe working load for that radius – alerting them if the limits are approached
such as current wind speed and a quick-reference graphical indication of the percentage of Safe Working Load being lifted
the new setup can be selected from the i4507’s preloaded chart library
The installation was carried out by Lampson with a Rayco-Wylie engineer from the UK attending site for the calibration and testing of the system
Norwegian oil and gas player Aker BP has welcomed the progress made in constructing its new platform
with pieces on track to start falling into place over the next few weeks to enable it to acquire a more distinct form
the platform will be deployed at the firm’s oil and gas development project in the North Sea
One of the current large offshore development projects to be built on the Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS) is Yggdrasil, which entered the construction phase in September 2023
when the first steel plate was cut for Hugin A at Aker Solutions’ Stord yard.
Deemed to be the largest topside ever assembled in the Stord yard area
Hugin A is part of the Yggdrasil development
consisting of a 28-tonne production platform and a 20,500-tonne steel jacket that will be delivered from Aker Solutions’ yard in Verdal
the Hugin A platform will be assembled and delivered from Aker Solutions’ yard at Stord with assistance from its partners
The fabrication of the flame tower of Hugin A
which is about 115 meters long and will weigh about 280 tons
Deputy Manager of Aker Solutions in Sandnessjøen
commented: “This is the biggest project the yard will have in the coming year
Nearly all of our 60 employees will work to deliver the flaming tower
So this project is very important for the activity here in Sandnessjøen and it will create important impacts for the local community.”
The Norwegian oil and gas player’s first section of the Hugin A living quarter was safely moved out of the fabrication hall at Leirvik on June 1
the second section will be moved out of the fabrication hall in the coming weeks
the Hugin A living quarter module will begin to rise at the yard
Leirvik is delivering the living quarter module and a helideck to the alliance
thanks to a contract worth approximately NOK 1.1 billion or about $103.07 million
“Construction activity for Hugin A is in full swing at Stord
Verdal and at subcontractors internationally
Hundreds of suppliers in Norway and all over the world are working on equipment packages,” emphasized Håkon Skofteland
is located between Alvheim and Oseberg in the North Sea
Aker BP’s partners in the area are Equinor and Orlen‘s PGNIG Upstream Norway
With the gross resources in the area of more than 700 million barrels of oil equivalent
While the entire Yggdrasil area will be remotely operated from an integrated operations center and control room onshore in Stavanger
the operator’s field development also encompasses an unmanned platform, Hugin B
In addition, Aibel will deliver the topside for Munin while Aker Solutions’ scope entails considerable subsea and modification deliveries to the Yggdrasil fields. Multiconsult will provide all necessary onshore civil engineering for the power from shore system
The NOK 115 billion (over $10.77 billion) Yggdrasil area development project is estimated to contribute 65.000 full-time equivalents in Norway in the development and operational phase
with the Norwegian share of the investments being over 65%
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The Pioneers of Offshore Engineering GustoMSC
part of NOV’s Marine and Construction business
is recognized for providing advanced design & engineering consultancy for mobile offshore units and reliable equipment
and technical knowledge into realistic & innovative ideas
The performance of new and existing jack-ups
having published a number of poetry collections and novels before bursting into song
And it was through his poetry that he began his music career at the age 33
as he turned his 1966 poem ‘Suzanne Takes You Down’ into the lyrics for his debut single
‘Suzanne’ is a ballad quite unlike anything that had been heard in folk or rock music to that point
Even Bob Dylan’s most poetic turns of songcraft didn’t to that point tally with the single stream of consciousness Cohen accomplishes
The track describes its singer being taken by the eponymous ‘Suzanne’ to “her place near the river”
where she makes him “want to travel with her”
She manages to get answers about love from the river
It’s a song imbued with the inspiration the singer has received from his subject
which moves him to some form of love despite his ambivalence about it
He claims he has “no love to give” but Suzanne makes him give it anyway
What exactly this love means is itself unclear
as it appears to lie somewhere between the “perfect body” and the “mind” mentioned in each chorus refrain
Suzanne Verdal, who was known as Suzanne Vaillancourt by marriage at the time, was the wife of Cohen’s friend Armand Vaillancourt. In an interview with BBC Radio 1 in 1994
the singer explained how the husband and wife were “a stunning couple”
He added that “everyone was in love with Suzanne”
but no one would ever contemplate actually trying to seduce her on account of her marriage
it is entirely true that Suzanne Verdal took Cohen to her place by the river one evening
“She had a space in a warehouse down there,” he explained
and I went with her.” What followed was the sort of sacrament that warranted Cohen’s poeticism
Verdal, who is a dancer, choreographer and costume designer, remembered the evening fondly in a later radio interview
and suggested that it was far from a one-off
“I would always light a candle and serve tea and it would be quiet for several minutes,” she described
And I would speak about life and poetry and we’d share ideas.”
even if it was more on a platonic and literary level than a physical one
Cohen did admit to fantasising about her body
And Verdal has claimed she even danced for him once in a show many years later
Leonard Cohen famously performed the song with another famous folk muse Judy Collins in 1976
Collins was a longtime friend of his and recorded many of his tracks
She was also the inspiration behind the Crosby
Stills and Nash piece ‘Suite: Judy Blue Eyes’
which was written by Stephen Stills about their failing relationship
FORNEBU, Norway – Aker Solutions has shipped the topsides for the normally unmanned wellhead platform for Aker BP’s Hod field redevelopment in the southern Norwegian North Sea
will be installed on the steel jacket that was delivered by Aker Solutions in June
This was the second project for Aker BP’s Fixed Facilities Alliance
which was established in the spring of 2017
The operator works with Aker Solutions and ABB in a joint organization
the goal being to cut time and costs compared to the traditional model in which the client and its suppliers have separate roles and responsibilities
With Hod B, basically a replica of Valhall Flank West, the alliance has optimized its implementation model through the re-use of personnel, facilities, and equipment; and the overall cost was lower than for Valhall Flank West.
Responsibilities included design, procurement, fabrication, preparation for sea transport, and hook-up/assistance for completion on the field.
The contract, worth just under NOK1 billion ($113 million) to Aker Solutions, was awarded in June 2020. At peak, around 550 people from the alliance and subcontractors were working on the project.
Volume 11 - 2020 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2020.596521
Accurately measuring the phenotype at the individual level is critical to the success of selective breeding programs
Feed efficiency is a key sustainability trait and is typically approached through feed conversion ratio (FCR)
This requires measurements of body weight gain (BWG) and feed intake (FI)
the latter being technically challenging in fish
We assessed two of the principal methods for measuring feed intake in fish over consecutive days: (1) group rearing 10 fish per group and video recording the meals and (2) rearing fish individually on a restricted ration
Juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) from the Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia (GIFT) strain and the Cirad strain were entered into the study (128 GIFT and 109 Cirad)
The GIFT strain were reared over three consecutive periods of 7 days each under different feeding
and rearing scenarios (i) in groups fed an optimal ration (g100) or (ii) fed a 50% restricted ration (g50) both with video records of all meals and (iii) reared in isolation and fed a 50% restrictive ration
The Cirad strain were tested similarly but only for scenarios (i) and (iii)
All fish were fed twice daily with a calculated ration
Correlations showed the same trends for the GIFT and the Cirad strains
correlations were positive and significant for BWG and FI measured in scenarios (i) and (ii)
and FI measured in scenarios (i) and (iii) (0.50) but not for BWG measured in scenarios (i) and (iii) (0.29
The phenotypic correlation estimated for FCR between scenarios (i) and (ii) with fish fed an optimal or a 50% restricted ration was low and not significant (0.22)
Feed Conversion Ratio for GIFT fish reared in groups or in isolation and fed with a restricted ration [scenarios (ii) and (iii)] were not significantly correlated either
selective breeding programs seeking to improve feed efficiency will need to carefully plan the feeding rate and the rearing system used to estimate FCR in order to optimize selection for the targeted production system
As the FI of an individual fish in consecutive days is highly variable (Jobling and Koskela, 1996; de Verdal et al., 2017)
the ideal method to measure individual feed efficiency should allow the measurement of FI over several consecutive days
so that amount of feed eaten by a fish over a period where it achieves significant growth is known with a high accuracy
restricted feeding may be problematic because the FCR expressed in this condition may differ from that under satiation feeding
they lose all the social interactions between each other
and this can have a high impact on performance
The second method, developed some time ago (see review by Jobling et al., 2001) and adapted to genetic studies by de Verdal et al. (2017) consists of rearing small groups of fish in aquaria (ten to 15 fish together) and to video-record all the meals
pellets being provided one by one in several different places in the aquarium to reduce competition between fish
Using this methodology and having a visible identification of all the fish in the aquarium
it is possible to count the number of pellets eaten by each individual fish
Measurement of FI using this method is accurate
the feed ration can be optimal (no need for any restriction)
it permits social interactions between the fish during all the rearing period
as it is necessary to analyse all the videos of all the meals
they found a relationship between individual FCR in fish reared in isolation with a restricted ration and subsequent ad libitum FCR in groups formed of the same fish
it is important to determine whether both methods lead to similar FCR estimations or not
in order to help choose the most relevant methodology to set up selective breeding programs to improve feed efficiency
The data from groups fed an optimal ration and from fish reared in isolation on a restricted ration were compared also in France in a second tilapia strain named “Cirad strain.” This additional test of the Cirad strain
which to our knowledge has not been selected for growth
provided a replication study to better assess the generality of the observations with the combination of a different strain (GIFT vs
le Gouessant) and a different experimental countries (Malaysia vs
This study utilized phenotypic data collected as part of the GIFT selective breeding program managed by WorldFish at Jitra
Malaysia (6°15′32°N; 100°25′47°E)
All fish in the GIFT breeding population are managed in accordance with the Guiding Principles of the Animal Care
Welfare and Ethics Policy of the WorldFish including the “3-Rs” rule
this part of the study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of Directive 2010-63-EU on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes
The protocols were approved by C2EA−36 (“Comité d'Éthique en Expérimentation Animale Languedoc-Roussillon”) under authorization APAFiS n° 2017112215278675 #12552 v4
The study was carried out on two distinct populations (GIFT and Cirad) in two different countries (Malaysia and France). The GIFT strain of Nile tilapia was selected for growth using a fully pedigreed design for 18 generations (Ponzoni et al., 2011)
The families were produced by natural spawning from the 4th March to the 4th of April 2019 at the WorldFish Research station in Jitra
The experiment was performed on 200 individuals from five families (40 fish per family) from the 10th of June to the 22nd of July 2019
each family was reared in different hapas in the same pond and transferred to 1,500 L holding tanks (3 ×1 × 0.5 m) at 110 days post-hatching (dph)
All the fish were injected with a Passive Integrated Transponder tag (PIT-tag
Trovan®) between 53 and 84 dph (around 10g of BW)
Fish from each family were sorted according to their body weight to make four homogeneous groups of ten fish which were randomly put into four plastic aquaria of 60 L (61 × 30 × 33 cm)
20 aquariums with ten fish in each were used
After anesthesia with clove oil (0.5 mL per liter of water)
each fish was tagged in the dorsal muscle with two colored T-bar tags (Avery Dennison tags
using an Avery Dennison Mark III pistol Grip tool
This allowed each fish to be uniquely and individually identified by one color of tag within an aquarium regardless of which side of the body was shown and video recorded
Commercial pelleted feed (Cargill®
“Starter tilapia 6113”) with 34% of crude proteins
and 12% of moisture was used to feed the fish during the whole experiment
Daily water temperature ranged from 28 to 30°C depending on the hour of measurement
The Cirad strain of Nile tilapia was derived from a cross between Cirad-IRD females
France) for several generations and from males sold by FishGen (UK) in 2018 and kept in Cirad facilities in Palavas-les-Flots (France)
This new cross was called “Cirad strain” to simplify the nomenclature for the present study
320 fish from 16 families (20 fish per family) hatched from the 5th to the 26th of July 2019 were used
each family was kept isolated until the end of the experiment
fish from each family were spread into two 38 L aquaria (10 fish per aquarium)
each fish was tagged into the dorsal muscle with two colored T-bar tags (Avery Dennison tags
Each fish within an aquarium was tagged with an exclusive color to identify each fish individually regardless of which side of the body was shown and video recorded
Fish were fed a commercial pelleted feed (Le Gouessant
“Tilapia Starter Flot 1,” and “Tilapia Starter Flot 2”) with 38% of crude proteins
and 7% of moisture during the whole experiment
Water temperature was maintained at 28°C during the whole experiment
The experimental design is summarized in Figure 1
The experiment consisted of three periods of FI measurement
three FCR measurement periods: (i) individual FI measured in groups (ten fish per group) with an optimal feed ration (coded g100)
(ii) individual FI measured in groups (10 fish per group) on the same fish as (i) with half of the optimal feed ration (coded g50)
(iii) individual FI measured in isolation on the same fish as (i) and (ii) with half of the optimal feed ration (coded i1
the second week of this period and both weeks of this period together
Fish were not measured in isolation with the optimal ration as they may waste too many pellets to allow precise counting
and the accuracy of the exact FI would thus be questionable
All fish were anesthetized with clove oil (0.5 mL per liter of water) when weighed during the course of the experiment
No sign of stress or abnormal behavior was seen during the experiment except the stress due to the normal fish interactions
Scheme of the different scenarios designed in the experimental protocol and corresponding traits measured in each period for the GIFT strain (on the top of the figure and in blue) and the Cirad strain (on the bottom of the figure and in green)
The three different scenarios were: (i) in groups fed an optimal ration (g100) or (ii) fed a 50% restricted ration (g50) both with video records of all meals and (iii) reared in isolation and fed a 50% restrictive ration
individual body weight at the end of the experiment; BWG
fish reared in groups with 100% DFR ration; .g50
fish reared in groups with 50% DFR ration; .i1
fish reared in isolated aquaria during the first
and the total of the first and second weeks of isolation period
The main measured traits were highlighted and the background of the frame was colored
As different experimenters were involved in the feeding process
a calculated ration was preferred to an “ad-libitum” ration
which is less repeatable from one experimenter to another
This calculated ration was also useful to ensure that the same maximal feed ration was given at every meal
The DFR was equally shared for each of the two daily meals
Feed was given using two pipes going to the aquarium
allowing a reduction of stress since the fish did not see the experimenter when given the feed
fish did not eat the entire DFR and the choice was made to stop the meal when a few pellets remained uneaten after ~1 min (corresponding actually to an ad-libitum ration)
Uneaten pellets were removed from the aquarium using a small net
All the meals were recorded by video for FI.g100 and FCR.g100 estimations
At the end of this first period of 7 days (12 meals)
fish were anesthetised and weighed (BWi.g50) and the individual growth during that period (BWG.g100 = BWi.g50 − BWi.g100) was calculated
In the second period of FI measurement of 7 days (12 meals) in groups
fish were fed a restricted ration (calculated as 50% of the DFR using the previously mentioned equation) to estimate the impact of a restricted ration compared to an optimal ration on FCR
all the meals were video-recorded to count the number of pellets eaten by each individual fish and estimate FI.g50
At the end of this second period of 7 days (12 meals)
allowing calculation of BWG.g50 and estimation of FCR.g50
the 200 fish were randomly distributed into 200 10 L isolated aquariums and adapted for 7 days to this new individual rearing system
Each fish was able to see the fish in neighboring tanks
The third period consisted of 2 consecutive weeks with the same experimental protocol
All the fish were anesthetized and weighed at the beginning and the end of each week (BWi.i1
Fish were fed twice a day (except on the day of weighing) with 50% DFR
The DFR was updated every week for each fish
Feed for each individual fish was weighed accurately every day and the uneaten pellets were counted and removed from the aquaria at least 2 h after the last meal of the day
The uneaten feed weight was estimated assuming that all pellets had the same weight (16.2 ± 1.8 mg)
and FI.i1 and FI.i2 were calculated for each week
it was possible to estimate FCR.i1 and FCR.i2 for the first and the second weeks of this third period of the experiment
To reduce the effects of FI fluctuations from 1 week to another
both weeks were combined and global estimations were done for BWG.it
The same measurements were performed on the Cirad strain
except the measurement of FI in groups with restricted ration which was not performed due to logistical reasons (i.e.
with the experiment undertaken from the 8th of October 2019 to the 16th of December 2019
The experiment was performed as described for the GIFT strain except that fish were fed 13 meals during the group period (an extra-meal was given the afternoon after weighing the fish)
a total of 133 randomly drawn fish were kept and measured for FI in isolation and were included in the analyses
Due to the limited number of aquariums available
fish were measured in three distinct batches (around 50 fish per batch)
The experimental protocol for each batch was similar and the batch effect was not significant whatever the considered trait and consequently
fish were identified with a passive integrated transponder tag (PIT-tag
Biolog-id®) and reared in a common garden environment in four 300 L tanks for 5–6 weeks
the number of fish was not sufficient to perform a genetic study
so the aim was to assess the phenotypic correlations between the measurement methods
The weekly FI was the sum of all the daily FI of the week
Mortality was recorded daily and the feed ration changed accordingly during the group rearing periods and dead fish data were removed for all analyses
Body weight gain (BWG) was calculated as the difference between the body weight of each fish at the end and at the beginning of the week
The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was calculated as the ratio between FI and BWG (FCR = FI/BWG)
the most efficient fish being the fish showing the smallest FCR values
The Kinovea 0.8.15 software (Copyright © 2006–2011—Joan Charmant & Contrib.) was used to analyse the videos of the meals and to count for the number of pellets eaten by each fish when reared in groups
The number of individuals in each family (from 1 to 28) and the number of families (five and 16 for the GIFT and the Cirad strain
respectively) were too small to consider this family level as relevant for the present analyses
Basic statistics: mean ± standard deviation
and coefficient of variation (CV) of all the traits measured during the experiment for the GIFT and the Cirad strain
and the p-value of the block effect calculated using Wilcoxon tests
FI and FCR was lower when fish were reared in isolation (ranged from 15.9 to 22.0%) than when they were reared in groups (from 26.5 to 52.7%)
It is interesting to note that whatever the trait
coefficients of variation were higher when fish were reared in groups than they were in isolation
The block effect, estimated using Wilcoxon tests (including the strain, site, experimental protocol and feed used) was always significant. Fish from Cirad strain were 8.7% bigger at the beginning of the group rearing period, and 19.9% heavier at the beginning of the isolated period than those of the GIFT strain (Table 1). The coefficients of variation of BWG and FI were higher for the Cirad strain than for the GIFT strain (Table 1)
correlations were positive and significant
between BWG.g100 and BWG.g50 (0.49) and between FI.g100 and FI.g50 (0.63)
Phenotypic correlation between all the measured traits
Relations between FCR when fish were reared in groups and fed with either an optimal feed ration (g100) or a 50% restricted ration (g50)
Each point is representing data for one fish
FCRs measured in groups with optimal ration and in isolation with restricted ration were not significantly correlated (correlations of −0.17 and −0.18 for GIFT and Cirad strain
Relations between FCR when fish were fed a restricted feed and reared in groups (g50) or in isolation (it)
Relations between fish reared in groups and fed with an optimal feed ration (g100) and fish reared in isolation with a restricted ration (it) for BWG (A)
Black and gray circles corresponded to individuals of the GIFT and Cirad strains
The equation of the linear regression and the coefficient of determination R2 are surrounded in black and gray for the GIFT and the Cirad strain
The objectives of the present study were to assess the impact of ration level (100% DFR or 50% DFR) and of the rearing system (group rearing or isolation) on FCR
trait commonly used to assess feed efficiency
it can be hypothesized that agonistic behaviors were exacerbated under restricted diets
and consequently some fish will lose more energy to deal with these social interactions than others
it seems reasonable not to select fish for growth under restricted feeding in groups to improve feed efficiency
our results were based only on phenotypic correlations
which can influence conclusions considerably
Firm conclusions on this issue will require the estimation of genetic correlations
although both BWG and FI are more correlated between group satiation and isolation than between groups under restricted feeding and isolation
this does not lead to significant correlations of FCR between both methods
Taken as a whole all these results tend to show that the individual efficiency of fish reared in groups or in isolation differs
depending probably on the differences in stress levels experienced by the fish according to the rearing conditions and species
One of the main advantages of the isolation method compared to the video method is the fact that the phenotypes are known immediately
whereas using the video method requires time-consuming video analysis in order to estimate the phenotypes
both methods involve a large amount of phenotyping work which may restrict the number of individuals and families that can realistically be evaluated
selecting fish for feed efficiency in groups under restricted feeding is likely not a valuable option
There is no perfect method to measure FI accurately over several days and to estimate FCR robustly
rearing different tilapia strains in different conditions (experimental protocols
and country) gave similar conclusions: there is no significant phenotypic correlations between the tested methods to measure accurately FI in Nile tilapia
This suggests some level of generality of the observations done
The aim of the present study was to compare two methods used to estimate accurately individual feed efficiency in Nile tilapia during several consecutive days and to highlight the most relevant method to use in selective breeding programs
To be sure the results undoubtedly meet our objective
it would be necessary to develop an experiment comparing these methods at the genetic level
Phenotypic correlations do not allow to predict how traits are correlated at the genetic level and what would be the impact of the measurement method in a selective breeding program
The most favorable outcome would have been to see good correlations between FCR measurements done with the group or with the isolation method
which would have given more opportunities for designing breeding programs for feed efficiency
and then there is no simple answer to guide the choice of the method
What is relatively clear is that the group method under restricted feeding is not adequate
and it is not representative either of the ad libitum group method or of the isolation restricted method
selection experiments will be needed to ascertain which are more efficient and economically viable phenotyping methods for selective breeding for feed efficiency
The global aim is to have more efficient fish in a conventional farming environment (i.e.
It could therefore be suggested to phenotype fish in aquariums (by video) and to place them in ponds according to their individual feed efficiency and then to evaluate their FCR with a specific feed ration when raised in ponds
Having ponds with “efficient” fish and ponds with “non-efficient” fish would allow the impact of selection in aquariums to be evaluated
The same experiment could be carried out using FCR values measured with isolated and restricted fish to sort the fish
The raw data supporting the conclusions of this article will be made available by the authors
The animal study was reviewed and approved by C2EA−36 (Comité d'Éthique en Expérimentation Animale Languedoc-Roussillon) and Guiding Principles of the Animal Care
Welfare and Ethics Policy of the WorldFish including the 3-Rs rule
All authors read and approved the final manuscript
All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version
This publication was made possible through support provided by the project DADA-EAT
funded by the Fonds Europeen pour les Affaires Maritimes et la Pêche (FEAMP)
the CGIAR Research Program on Fish Agrifood Systems (FISH)
and the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest
We thank all the technicians from WorldFish Aquaculture Extension Center in Jitra for their support
We would like to thank the reviewers for their thoughtful comments and efforts toward improving the manuscript
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Benzie JAH and de Verdal H (2021) The Effects of Feed Restriction and Isolated or Group Rearing on the Measurement of Individual Feed Intake and Estimation of Feed Conversion Ratio in Juvenile Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) for Selective Breeding Purposes
Received: 19 August 2020; Accepted: 18 December 2020; Published: 15 January 2021
Copyright © 2021 Rodde, Vandeputte, Trinh, Douchet, Canonne, Benzie and de Verdal. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY)
distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted
provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited
in accordance with accepted academic practice
distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms
*Correspondence: Hugues de Verdal, aHVndWVzLmRlX3ZlcmRhbEBjaXJhZC5mcg==
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Leonard Cohen performs on stage at the Musikhalle in 1970 in Hamburg
spent many happy hours in a warehouse by the St Lawrence River in his hometown
a young bohemian dancer named Suzanne Verdal
served him tea and oranges that came all the way from China
Or so he famously sang in his 1967 debut single, "Suzanne." The haunting ballad would launch Cohen's musical career
taking him from a minor poet and novelist to one of the great songwriters of our time
He had simply reported what had happened in that warehouse and set it to music
So did Suzanne really serve tea and oranges
Cohen was asked what exactly was meant by those fragrant lines:
"and she feeds you tea and oranges that come all the way from China"
His answer never varied: "She fed me a tea called Constant Comment
which has small pieces of orange rind in it
He was in fact referring to a store-bought tea manufactured by the Connecticut firm
All Cohen had done was deconstruct it into its component parts and whimsically garnish it with a China connection
except that Constant Comment has an origin story infused with all the romance of the American entrepreneurial spirit
this tea would be the founding product of what is one of America's leading specialty tea companies today
the grandmother of the company's current CEO
Ruth was a successful interior designer till the Great Depression dealt a body blow to her business
Constant Comment creator Ruth Campbell Bigelow with her husband David
She developed the formula in the kitchen of her New York brownstone
"My grandparents literally had no money," says Bigelow
Ruth chanced upon an old colonial tea recipe to make tea in stone containers
flavored with orange peel and sweet spices
She disappeared into the kitchen of her New York brownstone on 50th Street — they'd bought the dilapidated apartment cheap — and began experimenting
she was so pleasantly taken aback by the flood of warm comments
Ruth would pioneer the concept of specialty teas
despite the glowing reviews from her friends
establishing her new orange tea in the market proved to be an uphill slog
It was first sold in squat tins wrapped in gold foil to specialty stores and boutiques
Since the family couldn't afford a colored label
sat up every night painstakingly hand-painting the green background and red dresses of the two ladies on the label shown drinking tea
the tins were loaded into the family station wagon and sold store by store
Constant Comment was first sold in tins wrapped in gold foil
The family could only afford single color labels for the first tea tins
would hand-paint the red ladies on the labels
but I don't think this company is ever going anywhere."
But then the Bigelows received an invaluable piece of feedback
One grocer reported that a customer had opened a tin
Realizing that the zestful aroma was the product's defining feature
the inventive Ruth supplied every shopkeeper with a "whiffing jar." Labeled "Open and Whiff," it was placed by the cash register in the way that perfume-testing bottles are available today at cosmetic counters
Soon Constant Comment was being sold at Bergdorf's and Bloomingdales
The major jump took place in the 1970s," she says
"when we put our teabags in a folding box instead of a tin — now it became more presentable
"When I first heard the song years and years ago
did you know he's talking about Constant Comment?" she says
but we're thrilled to have that association."
So did the tea and oranges come all the way from China
"The tea my grandmother used — and which we continue to use — is handpicked from the top of a mountain in Sri Lanka
We continue to buy from the same tea gardens even today."
"I can't tell you which country our oranges are from because that would be giving away too much
but it's from the same source that my grandmother used."
Suzanne Verdal remembers the "tea and oranges" a little differently
"We had tea together many times and mandarin oranges ..
I would always light a candle and serve tea and it would be quiet for several minutes
And I would speak about life and poetry and we'd share ideas."
But where Suzanne Verdal and the Bigelow Tea Co
are in perfect accord is in their common devotion to the environment
Cohen's song describes her wearing "rags and feathers from Salvation Army counters," an aesthetic shaped by her commitment to repurposing old clothes
which tags itself as a "Zero Waste to Landfill" company
"It's part of the DNA of the employees," says Bigelow
"Corrugated boxes are shredded for packaging
all our cafeterias use compostable components
There are 900 solar panels on the roof of our Fairfield plant
which gives us 15 percent of the energy we use
inclusive company that believes in kindness
The Bigelow website has several complaints from Constant Comment connoisseurs about missing the old taste
So has the formula of their founding tea changed
"People drink with their eyes — and because the design on the box has changed
the only two people who know the formula are my parents
go into a room and do the mixing — six minutes of this and 12 minutes of that
What we can't help is the variability in the crop of oranges from year to year
but we would never ever change the original recipe
he would be so insulted and so hurt — his whole view of mankind would change
Ruth Bigelow died before seeing her company prosper or knowing that her tea would make its way into one of the most beautiful love songs of the age
the same year that "Suzanne" was made famous by Judy Collins
the sort who would give the shirt off her back," says Bigelow
For a woman to be running a business in the 1940s was not an easy thing at all
That's why the family has resisted suggestions from canny advertising agencies to change the name of the tea
Constant Comment doesn't exactly trip off the tongue
"It's the name my grandmother gave," says Bigelow
Nina Martyris is a freelance journalist based in Knoxville
A previous version of this story said that the old tea recipe that inspired Ruth Bigelow to create Constant Comment contained cinnamon
But Cindi Bigelow says the tea does not contain cinnamon
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Aker Solutions fabrication yard at Verdal has delivered the topsides to the Hod B wellhead platform destined for the Aker BP-operated Hod field in the Norwegian North Sea
The project is the second project delivered by Aker BP’s alliance for delivery of fixed platforms
thereby reducing a lot of time and costs compared to a traditional model where the customer and supplier have separate roles and responsibilities
The Hod development has utilized the experience from the wellhead platform for the Valhall Flank West project
which was delivered in the summer of 2019—the first under the alliance
Hod B is an approximate copy of Valhall Flank West and gave the partnership opportunities to optimize its implementation model through reuse of personnel
It has been delivered at considerably lower cost compared to Valhall Flank West
Hod B has been an important project that was initiated only hours after the temporary changes to the tax system for the oil and gas industry received a broad majority in the Storting in June last year
The project prefabrication started at the yard in Verdal just hours after the agreement was made and has benefited jobs
just 14 months after the first steel plates were cut
the topside is ready for transport to the field exactly as agreed,” said Sturla Magnus
executive vice president and head of Aker Solutions’ topside and facilities business
we have developed new solutions and implemented a number of improvements for safety
productivity and reduced cost level in the project
This further increases our competitiveness and makes us even more attractive to future clients.”
as well as hookup and assistance for completion on the field
The topsides will be installed on the steel jacket delivered from Aker Solutions’ yard in June
the contract had a value for Aker Solutions of just under NOK 1 billion
and subcontractors have worked on the project and more than 50 yard apprentices have completed much of their vocational training
the Society of Petroleum Engineers’ flagship magazine
presents authoritative briefs and features on technology advancements in exploration and production
ISSN: 1944-978X (Online)ISSN: 0149-2136 (Print)
Neil Verdal-Austin believes everybody deserves a good night’s sleep and, for more than 10 years, he’s made it his mission to help people achieve that. He’s the CEO of SomnoMed
an Australian medical device company that makes products to help people with sleep apnea get a better night’s rest
Born in Zimbabwe and brought up in South Africa from the age of 12
Neil now oversees a team of about 500 people at SomnoMed
The qualified accountant moved to Australia with his family in 2006
SomnoMed was relatively young and in need of systems and an operational structure when Neil came in but things have changed considerably under his leadership
SomnoMed has served some 470,000 patients in 28 countries
generating annual revenues in excess of A$60 million
“I think the opportunities probably lie in the deeper penetration of the current sleep markets that we’re in,” says Neil
who was CFO at SomnoMed before he took the top job
“We can penetrate more effectively into those markets
We opened in some geographic sectors just two or three years ago
so they’re still in their infancy in terms of development and growth potential.”
Neil also thinks improvements in SomnoMed’s technology and product range will help the company grow
as will expanding to new countries in 2020 and 2021
The health problem that SomnoMed is tackling is huge
with more than three in 10 men and nearly two in 10 women affected
Sleep apnea is a disorder that occurs when a person’s breathing is interrupted during sleep because the airway gets blocked
air stops flowing into the lungs for 10 seconds or longer
You essentially stop breathing and your brain forces you to wake up
“When people have this sleep interruption more than 15 times an hour at night it becomes serious enough to seek treatment,” says Neil
they’re not getting to the deeper levels of sleep you need for your body to recover from the day’s work and exercise
What the body then does is start looking for energy
and the sugar rush starts and people start to eat the wrong things to satisfy this sugar rush and drink coffee to stay awake
The awareness of the impact of sleep apnea is still pretty low and undiagnosed in a lot of people.”
Those who suffer from the condition are often constantly tired and may struggle to concentrate
sexual dysfunction and frequent urination at night
SomnoMed is doing its best to put an end to all that
The company’s flagship product is an oral appliance that SomnoMed sells to dentists
custom-made device fitted by dentists who will charge about A$1,500 for the full treatment in Australia
The company’s continuous open airway therapy (COATTM) device is designed to be an alternative to the relatively invasive continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) masks offered by large organisations like ResMed and Respironics.
“CPAP masks are worn over the nose and mouth
and blow pneumatic air down the patient’s airway to keep it open
But patients find them uncomfortable and tend not to use them
which is strongly corroborated by feedback we get from those patients,” says Neil
“We came along with an alternative medical device
providing similar efficacy and certainly much higher compliance rates than the CPAP devices
which ultimately results in far better health outcomes for the patients.”
“It’s a team effort for us to collect and assemble critical information
Neil describes his leadership style as consultative
and it’s a team effort for us to collect and assemble critical information before planning a course of action.”
The CEO Magazine is more than a business title; it’s a source of information
inspiration and motivation for the world’s most successful leaders
Learn all about The CEO Magazine at TheCEO.com
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2022Aker Solutions has been awarded a contract1 from Shell UK for the delivery of a not permanently attended installation (NPAI) for the Jackdaw gas field
could represent over 6% of projected UK North Sea gas production in the middle of this decade
The award follows completion of front-end engineering and design work (FEED)
and installation (EPCI) of the complete wellhead platform
consisting of a topside and a steel jacket
as well as related load-out and offshore hook-up and commissioning
Fabrication of the wellhead platform will happen at Aker Solutions’ yard in Verdal
and at its peak the project will employ over 300 people
The steel substructure including a pre-drilling deck is to be delivered from Aker Solutions’ facilities to Shell in 2023
Aker Solutions will continue the cooperation with external suppliers Rambøll and Leirvik
who were part of developing the FEED.
“We are pleased that Shell selects us to develop a cost-effective platform for this major North Sea gas field
We will build on our strong topside solutions and executions model which involves reusing facilities and equipment and bringing onboard solid experience from similar developments from both internal Aker Solutions resources and external partners,” said Sturla Magnus
executive vice president and head of Aker Solutions’ topsides and facilities business
“We aim to be a leading supplier of energy solutions
and the Jackdaw development contributes to the ambition of the British government to boost domestic energy output to enhance energy security
The project forms part of our broader intent to both play a key role in the transformation of Europe’s energy sector and help accelerate security of supplies,” said Kjetel Digre
Aker Solutions will book the award as an order intake of between NOK 2-3 billion in the third quarter of 2022 in the Renewables and Field Development segment
Media Contact:Torbjørn Andersen, mob: +47 928 85 542, email: torbjorn.andersen@akersolutions.com
Investor Contact:Fredrik Berge, mob: +47 450 32 090, email: fredrik.berge@akersolutions.com
Aker Solutions delivers integrated solutions
products and services to the global energy industry
We enable low-carbon oil and gas production and develop renewable solutions to meet future energy needs
By combining innovative digital solutions and predictable project execution we accelerate the transition to sustainable energy production
Aker Solutions employs approximately 14,000 people in more than 20 countries
Visit akersolutions.com and connect with us on Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, Twitter and YouTube
This press release may include forward-looking information or statements and is subject to our disclaimer, see https://akersolutions.com
This information is considered to be inside information pursuant to the EU Market Abuse Regulation and is subject to the disclosure requirements pursuant to Section 5-12 the Norwegian Securities Trading Act
This stock exchange release was published by Dafina Shala
Aker Solutions has been awarded a contract1 from Shell UK for the delivery of a not permanently attended installation (NPAI) for the Jackdaw gas field
Media Contact:Torbjørn Andersen, mob: +47 928 85 542, email: torbjorn.andersen@akersolutions.com
Investor Contact:Fredrik Berge, mob: +47 450 32 090, email: fredrik.berge@akersolutions.com
Visit akersolutions.com and connect with us on Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, Twitter and YouTube
This press release may include forward-looking information or statements and is subject to our disclaimer, see https://akersolutions.com
Located at the northern end of the Trondheim Fjord
Aker Verdal is situated to participate in projects in the Norwegian Sea off mid-Norway
the development of massive gas resources through the Åsgard and Haltenbank South projects has prompted proposals for using some of the gas locally for industrial development
If the "age of gas deliveries" in the Trondheim region comes about
according to marketing director Kjell Eggen
The yard recently applied for permission to expand into an adjacent area of 175,000 sq meters
on which work related to such developments could be undertaken
The current orderbook is also filled with jackets
the yard is due to deliver the 6,500-ton jacket for Esso Norge's Jotun wellhead platform
it will be the turn of the 6,000-ton jacket for Phillips' Eldfisk water injection platform
and the 6,000-ton jacket for Hydro's Oseberg Gas platform - the latter contract also includes the 8,000-ton topsides
it is due to deliver the 7,000-ton jacket for Hydro's Oseberg South platform
Verdal has kept at the forefront of the jacket market by reducing construction costs by around 40% in the last 10 years or so
The effort should continue to pay dividends
as the short-term outlook for jackets in Norway is better than ever
The company is targeting a number of upcoming projects
such as the jacket for Statoil's Huldra platform and Hydro's Heimdal riser platform
the latter a turnkey delivery of jacket and topsides
which includes small-to-medium modules and decks
Another recent delivery was the small wellhead platform for Saga's Varg project
This is the first platform on the Norwegian continental shelf involving a monotower substructure
a concept which is likely to become more common in coming years
The yard also built the only two jackets in the Norwegian sector with suction buckets instead of skirt piles
Another important reference is the Sleipner riser platform
which was built in a mere 10 months after the original Sleipner A concrete gravity base sank during submersion tests
Aker Verdal has developed its own unique cold bending technology for pipes and is currently the only yard in Norway with cold bending procedures approved both by classification society Det Norske Veritas and the oil companies
Heavy investments have been made recently to expand the yard's piping facilities and enable it to make the most of its competitive edge
a new pipe fabrication shop for duplex materials was built alongside the existing pipe fabrication shop
and a storage area constructed for piping materials
The yard has two cold bending machines on site
pipe of any thickness and any type of material
well placed to perform piping prefabrication both for its own projects and for Aker Stord
the group's other Norwegian fabrication yard
which specializes in topsides fabrication and floater outfitting
Verdal's services are also called upon by other main contractors such as Umoe Haugesund
It is currently fabricating 96 sets of flowloops in 6-in
which will form part of the HOST subsea templates used by Statoil in its Gullfaks Satellites
Statfjord Northern Flank and Heidrun North subsea developments
flowloops the cold bending technology enables the number of butt welds to be reduced from 25 to just three
Aker Verdal has made a significant contribution to solving the problems of welding heavy wall duplex pipe
Other recent investments have been made to expand the yard's facilities
including the construction last autumn of two new fabrication shops
Through a frame agreement in 2014, Kvaerner won the contract for the jackets for the riser platform (delivered in summer 2017); the drilling platform (completed in March); and the process platform, which yesterday sailed from the company’s yard in Verdal, western Norway for installation at the field complex.
Kvaerner said it had delivered all three substructures under a good co-operation with Equinor and subcontractors, on time and to the agreed quality.
The deliveries from Verdal comprise around 90% of the total substructure weight for the first- phase Sverdrup development - including the piles, Kvaerner will have fabricated close to 100,000 metric tons (110,231 tons) of steel, said EVP Structural Solutions, Sturla Magnus.
After securing a letter of intent for the riser platform and drilling platform jackets in June 2014, the contractor started design work immediately on the riser platform jacket.
It signed the following January, after a six-month pilot project had identified cost reduction and measures for improving competitiveness.
Kvaerner claims it can now deliver new jackets at a lower cost than in 2005.
2021Today Aker Solutions delivers yet another steel substructure for the largest industry project ever in Norway
the company has delivered three platform jackets for phase 1
With this jacket for phase 2 of the project
four out of a total of five jackets have been built and delivered from Aker Solutions’ yard in Verdal
All platform substructures have been delivered on time
A key focus during the work has also been to improve execution models and to adapt for new types of jobs
future platform jackets for oil and gas and for renewable energy production can be delivered at a lower cost and with increased competitiveness
Through the frame agreement entered into in 2014
Aker Solutions was awarded three out of four jackets for the first phase of the project
The first delivery was the riser platform jacket in the summer of 2017
This was the largest and most complex platform jacket delivered from Aker Solutions to date
and the first visible installation at the new Johan Sverdrup field centre
we delivered the steel substructure for the drilling platform
and in July of that year the process platform substructure was delivered
the process platform substructure for phase 2 sails from Verdal
"This is an exciting and important day for us
we have delivered all four of these platform jackets at the agreed quality
I am very pleased that our customers confirm that we are a supplier that offers an attractive combination of technical expertise and cost-effectiveness," said Sturla Magnus
executive vice president and head of Aker Solutions' topside and facilities business
the deliveries from Aker Solutions in Verdal make up about 90 percent of the total weight of the substructures for the combined phase 1 and 2 of the Johan Sverdrup field
More than 100,000 metric tons of steel are delivered from Aker Solutions' facility in Verdal
including the piles that attach the jackets to the seabed
Aker Solutions’ facility at Stord has delivered a topside as well as a large module for the Johan Sverdrup field
We have extensive experience in providing the customers with complete and seamless deliveries
we have also increased industrialization for how we execute projects
combined with long-term relationships in the supplier market
makes it possible for us to offer flexibility to our customers
We are now delivering as planned despite a year of major challenges with COVID-19
we have found good solutions that enable us to deliver the jacket to our customer Equinor without serious injuries during the execution," said Erik Stiklestad
Illustration of Johan Sverdrup phase 2 (Photo: Equinor)
\"This is an exciting and important day for us
I am very pleased that our customers confirm that we are a supplier that offers an attractive combination of technical expertise and cost-effectiveness,\" said Sturla Magnus
we have found good solutions that enable us to deliver the jacket to our customer Equinor without serious injuries during the execution,\" said Erik Stiklestad
The written judgement came after a case brought by environmental campaigners
In his judgement, Lord Ericht said a more detailed assessment of the fields' environmental impact was required
taking into account the effect on the climate of burning any fossil fuels extracted
He said work on both fields could continue while the new information was gathered but no oil and gas could be extracted unless fresh approval was granted
A Jackdaw gas platform has been under construction at a fabrication yard at Verdal near Trondheim
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The milestone was celebrated by cutting the very first steel plates for Hugin A and Valhall PWP at Aker Solutions’ Stord yard.
“These projects contribute high value creation and extensive ripple effects across the entire industry. Aker Solutions will have recruited more than 2,000 new colleagues in Norway, in addition to 100 new apprentices every year, going forward,” said Sturla Magnus, executive vice president, New Build, for Aker Solutions.
Aker Solutions and alliance partners on 16 December 2022 signed contracts with Aker BP worth a total value for Aker Solutions of close to NOK 50 billion, which was the company’s highest ever quarterly order intake.
“This day is important not only for Aker BP, Aker Solutions, license partners and strategic partners, but for the entire supplier industry. After years of engineering and preparations, we are now entering the construction phase. These projects will involve hundreds of suppliers and provide large ripple effects in the form of revenue and jobs in local communities throughout large parts of Norway”, said Magnus.
Hugin A is a part of the Yggdrasil development and consists of a 28-tonne production platform and a 20,500 tonne steel jacket that will be delivered from Aker Solutions yard in Verdal. In addition to Stord and Verdal, Aker Solutions’ yards in Egersund and Sandnessjøen will build modules, while Leirvik AS will deliver the living quarters. Hugin A will be the largest topside ever assembled in the Stord yard area.
Valhall PWP is a 16,000-tonne production platform for the Valhall field that will be assembled at Stord. The 9,500 tonne steel jacket will be delivered from Verdal. In addition, Sandnessjøen, Worley Rosenberg and Nymo in Arendal will contribute to the construction work.
The field developments also include the two unmanned platforms Hugin B and Fenris, which will be delivered from Verdal, while Aibel deliver the topside for Munin.
Aker Solutions also has considerable subsea and modification deliveries to the Yggdrasil and Valhall PWP-Fenris fields.
The projects provide activities and revenue that are important for the further development of the industry in the years to come. The majority of Aker Solutions 9,000 employees at the company’s 14 Norwegian locations will work on the execution of these and other projects that have come as a result of a stimulus program adopted by the Norwegian parliament in 2020.
Including the knock-on effects to suppliers and surrounding communities, Aker Solutions’ enterprise in the area contributes to thousands of jobs. Projects won by Aker Solutions as a result of the stimulus package will allow for the recruitment of more than 2,000 new colleagues in Norway, as well as 100 apprentices a year, going forward.
The next two large offshore development projects to be built on the Norwegian Continental Shelf —Yggdrasil and Valhall PWP-Fenris — entered the construction phase today.
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2025Aker Solutions has signed a significant[1] contract with Dragados Offshore to deliver the steel substructure for the 2GW HVDC converter station for the BalWin1 offshore wind grid connection system in Germany
The contract also includes an option for the BalWin 2 steel substructure
Each of the BalWin 1 and BalWin 2 grid connection systems consist of a 2.0 Gigawatt HVDC offshore and onshore substation for the transmission of renewable electrical energy
Amprion Offshore GmbH is the transmission system operator responsible for these systems
With a total transmission capacity of 4 GW
the Balwin 1 and 2 projects can supply enough electricity to power a major city like Berlin
"We are proud that Dragados Offshore has selected Aker Solutions as the contractor for the BalWin 1 steel substructure
We have over decades developed substantial expertise and track record for delivering predictable execution of demanding projects
The new contract is aligned with our strategy to grow our activities within renewables and low-carbon projects," said Sturla Magnus
Executive Vice President for Aker Solutions’ New Build segment
Fabrication of the HVDC substructures will be executed by Aker Solutions’ yard in Verdal
method engineering and construction of the offshore HVDC converter platform substructures
Preparation for procurement and method engineering will commence immediately
while construction is scheduled to begin in early 2026
as order intake in the first quarter of 2025 in the Renewables and Field Development segment
1Aker Solutions defines a ‘significant’ contract as being between NOK 1.5 billion and NOK 2.5 billion
Each of the BalWin 1 and BalWin 2 grid connection systems consist of a 2.0 Gigawatt HVDC offshore and onshore substation for the transmission of renewable electrical energy
\"We are proud that Dragados Offshore has selected Aker Solutions as the contractor for the BalWin 1 steel substructure
The new contract is aligned with our strategy to grow our activities within renewables and low-carbon projects,\" said Sturla Magnus
the topside of the normally unmanned wellhead platform for the Hod field is transported from Aker Solutions in Verdal to the Aker BP operated field
This is the second project for the Fixed Facilities Alliance
which was established in the spring of 2017
The project prefabrication started at the yard in Verdal just hours after the agreement was made and has meant a lot to activity and jobs
The customer Aker BP and the main suppliers Aker Solutions and ABB have worked in a joint organization
The Hod development has utilized the experience from the wellhead platform for the Valhall Flank West project
Valhall Flank West was the first wellhead platform delivered through the alliance
this platform set a new standard for how complete a facility can be before installation on the field
which is an approximate copy of Valhall Flank West
has given us opportunities to optimize our implementation model through reuse of personnel
“I am proud to state that in close cooperation with the alliance partners
we have reached all milestones and project objectives
the topside is ready for transport to the field exactly as agreed
This further increases our competitiveness
and makes us even more attractive to future clients,” said Sturla Magnus
as well as hook-up and assistance for completion on the field
The 2,000-metric-tons topside will be installed on the steel jacket delivered from Aker Solutions’ yard in June
The delivery has been executed without serious harm to people or the environment
the alliance and subcontractors have worked on the project
more than 50 of our apprentices have completed much of their vocational training on the Hod project
We also contribute to maintaining a world-leading supplier industry
It makes me particularly proud that through the Hod project Aker BP has contributed to the vocational training of 50 apprentices
The apprentices and the industry have a competence that is necessary for the Green Deal
I am impressed with the alliance team for another solid delivery
You demonstrate that the alliance model is the key to delivering profitable projects in a demanding market going forward,” said Karl Johnny Hersvik
Aker Solutions employs approximately 15,000 people in more than 20 countries
Visit akersolutions.com and connect with us on Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, Twitter and YouTube
This press release may include forward-looking information or statements and is subject to our disclaimer, see https://akersolutions.com
GE’s Grid Solutions business announced its most recent Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) contract win in an ongoing collaboration with Statnett
Norway’s electrical transmission system operator
Norway is said to have one of the most sophisticated energy infrastructures in the world
GE’s Static Var Compensator (SVC) technology will be used to upgrade the existing SVCs at Rød and Verdal substations
Norway’s population is expected to grow 21% from 2015 to 2040 to more than 6.3 million people
With the availability of new technology and plans for full electrification of most public and industrial sectors
the country is making it a priority to upgrade older grid infrastructure as well as develop the country’s mainstream power network to create a modern grid
GE’s FACTS technology allows utilities to provide reactive power support
improves stability and increases power transfer capacity of AC transmission systems
This system design involves upgrades to Statnett’s existing Static Var Compensators (SVC) to regulate the voltage in the system during normal operations and provide reactive power compensation during faults in the system
The main purpose of the SVC is to provide stable voltage conditions and improve the power grid transfer capability during varying power generation and power flows
“The upgrades to the Rød and Verdal substations will be the largest SVC revamp project Statnett has ever undertaken and one of the largest in the industry
Statnett’s most recent contract with GE ensures a secure supply and improves the reliability and availability of the electrical transmission grid,” says Espen Bostadløkken
Norway Country Manager at GE Renewable Energy’s Grid Solutions business
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The Hod B jacket is now safely installed and ready to receive the topsides later this summer
The installation was accomplished just one year after the first steel was cut in the project
The Hod field will be developed with a normally unmanned installation which will be remotely operated from Valhall
CO2 emissions from the field will be very low as a result of power from shore
The first steel for the platform was cut by Aker BP CEO Karl Johnny Hersvik at the Aker Solutions yard in Verdal on 9 June 2020
This occurred mere hours after the Parliament adopted temporary changes in the petroleum tax regime
“I remember the day as an enormous relief
The preceding months were marred by disappointments and bad news
and we’d spent the last few months cutting costs and investments
we were able respond quickly and get the Hod project back on track
It’s absolutely fantastic that the jacket is in place on the field now
Congratulations to everyone involved!” says Karl Johnny Hersvik
The fixed facilities alliance between Aker BP
Aker Solutions and ABB is delivering the Hod B platform
Both the jacket and topsides are being built at Aker Solutions in Verdal
and the work has secured a number of jobs at the yard
“The temporary tax changes were introduced last year to stimulate increased investments and thereby secure Norwegian jobs in very challenging times for the oil and gas industry
Hod demonstrates that we can deliver on the task set out by the politicians
We can achieve this thanks to the close cooperation we’ve built over time with our alliance partners ,” Hersvik says
Faster and more efficientThe first normally unmanned platform delivered by the platform alliance was Valhall Flank West
“We now see that we work even faster and even more efficiently together on Hod compared to the Valhall Flank West project
It’s also why this model is an important part of Aker BP’s strategy and the key to delivering profitable projects in a challenging market moving forward,” says SVP Projects Knut Sandvik in Aker BP
Aker BP is planning to invest about 135 billion kroner in field development projects on the Norwegian shelf leading up to 2028
This will add more than 500 million barrels to Aker BP’s resource base
and more importantly – it will bring robust activity and a considerable number of jobs for several suppliers across the country
“We currently have Hod B and three other projects in the execution phase
Nine projects are in early phase and working toward submitting plans for development and operation by the end of 2022,” Sandvik says.Watch video – jacket installation
Alliance projectThe Hod field is operated by Aker BP
Pandion Energy is the partner with a 10 per cent ownership interest
A total of five alliances are contributing to the project
The alliances are integrated from start to finish in the project
which means that Aker BP has taken the alliance model to a new level
We succeed through our cooperation with our alliance partners
The alliance model allows us to integrate deliveries in an entirely different way than we could in a traditional customer-supplier model
which is incredibly motivating,” says project manager Rannveig Storebø
The Hod B platform is scheduled to sail from the Verdal yard in August
At the same time work is under way to plan remaining activities to complete the project
Multiple subsea campaigns will be conducted to install and connect the gas lift pipe
Integration work is under way on Valhall and the Maersk Invincible drilling rig will start drilling production wells this autumn
Important for the Valhall giantHod B is expected to contribute 40 million barrels of oil equivalent and will be important for Valhall to reach the ambition of a total of two billion produced barrels from the area
Production is scheduled to start in the first quarter of 2022
“Projects like Hod B allow us to create considerable values both for us
We’re also contributing to maintain a world-leading supplier industry
This is an industry with expertise that is fundamental in the energy transition,” Karl Johnny Hersvik concludes
Aker BP is a company engaged in exploration
field development and production of oil and gas on the Norwegian continental shelf
The company operates the field centres Valhall
and is a partner in the Johan Sverdrup field
Aker BP is one of the largest independent oil companies in Europe
has delivered yet another platform on time
with a high level of quality and with no harm to people or the environment
The topside was installed just one year and two months after the first steel cut
The 2000-tonne topsides were placed on the jacket on the Hod field in the southern part of the North Sea on Sunday
“The platform is delivered from a Norwegian yard and with Norwegian subcontractors
Congratulations to everyone who has contributed,” says Aker BP CEO Karl Johnny Hersvik
The first steel for Hod B was cut in Aker Solutions’ yard in Verdal
just hours after the Norwegian Parliament adopted temporary changes in the petroleum tax in June of last year
The tax changes were introduced to stimulate increased investments
and thus secure Norwegian jobs in an extremely demanding period for the oil and gas industry
More than a hundred suppliers across Norway have contributed to the Hod development
the alliance and subcontractors have been working on the Hod B project at the yard in Verdal
More than 50 apprentices have completed large parts of their vocational training on the project
we are creating value both for the company
We are also helping to sustain a world-leading supplier industry
Aker BP has contributed to the vocational training of 50 apprentices
have expertise that will be essential in the years to come
Several of the apprentices are already headed for renewable projects in Aker Solutions
such as the delivery of suction anchors and seabed installations for Hywind Tampen
This is the green energy transition in practice,” Hersvik says
The first normally unmanned platform delivered by the fixed platform alliance was Valhall Flank West
“Through Hod B the alliance is delivering a product with very high quality
and we are incredibly proud of what they have achieved
We have learned important lessons in the Valhall Flank West project
and now see that we are able to work even faster and more efficiently with our alliance partners on Hod B
and that is also why this model is an important part of Aker BP’s strategy,” says project manager Rannveig Storebø
A total of five alliances are contributing to the Hod project
These alliances are integrated from start to finish in the project and by doing this
Aker BP has taken the alliance model to a new level.
Hod B will be remotely operated from Valhall
and the field will have extremely low CO2 emissions thanks to power from shore
Aker BP and partner Pandion expects Hod to produce 40 million barrels of oil equivalent
“We look forward to bringing Hod on stream in the first quarter of next year
Aker BP will continue to increase value creation from the giant Valhall through new projects and a major ongoing modernisation of the area
Hod is an important contribution towards achieving the Valhall ambition of a total of two billion produced barrels from the area,” says Valhall Asset Manager Ole Johan Molvig
Several subsea campaigns will be conducted in the Hod project leading up to production start in 2022
such as installation and connection of the gas lift pipelines
Modification work is under way at the Valhall field centre
and the Maersk Invincible drilling rig will be arriving this autumn to drill production wells
The topside of the normally unmanned wellhead platform for the Hod field is transported today from Aker Solutions’ yard in Verdal to the Aker BP-operated field in the North Sea off Norway
According to Aker Solutions’ statement on Wednesday
The project prefabrication started at the yard in Verdal just hours after the agreement was made
This is the second project delivered by Aker BP’s alliance for the delivery of fixed platforms
The Hod development has utilized the experience from the wellhead platform for the Valhall Flank West project
has given the company opportunities to optimize its implementation model through the reuse of personnel
It has been delivered at a considerably lower cost compared to Valhall Flank West
executive vice president and head of Aker Solutions’ topside and facilities business
productivity and reduced cost level in the project”
The Alliance delivery includes design, procurement, fabrication, preparation for sea transport, as well as hook-up and assistance for completion on the field. The 2,000-metric-tons topside will be installed on the steel jacket, which was delivered from Aker Solutions’ yard in June
The jacket installation was accomplished just one year after the first steel was cut in the project
Upon signing on 9 June 2020, the contract had a value for Aker Solutions of just under NOK 1 billion. At its peak, around 550 people from Aker Solutions, the alliance and subcontractors have worked on the project.
Karl Johnny Hersvik, chief executive officer of Aker BP, said: “It makes me particularly proud that through the Hod project Aker BP has contributed to the vocational training of 50 apprentices. The apprentices and the industry have a competence that is necessary for the Green Deal. I am impressed with the alliance team for another solid delivery. You demonstrate that the alliance model is the key to delivering profitable projects in a demanding market going forward”.
The Pioneers of Offshore Engineering GustoMSC, part of NOV’s Marine and Construction business, is recognized for providing advanced design & engineering consultancy for mobile offshore units and reliable equipment. In close cooperation with our customers, we translate experience, science, and technical knowledge into realistic & innovative ideas. The performance of new and existing jack-ups, vessels […]
Norwegian contractor Kvaerner almost doubled profits last year on significantly higher revenue as it bolstered its order backlog but is reviewing prospects for its jacket fabrication yard as it risks running out of work unless it wins new contracts by this summer.
The engineering and construction player reported a net profit last year of Nkr445 million ($73 million), versus Nkr237 million a year earlier, as revenue increased 46% year on year to Nkr12.96 billion.
The Oslo-listed company also recorded a strong leap in fourth-quarter net income to Nkr248 million from Nkr55 million a year earlier as revenue for the period rose 48% year on year to Nkr3.9
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2020Aker Solutions has signed a contract with Arctic Offshore Farming
for the assembly of two large fish farming facilities.Fish farming has been identified by Aker Solutions as a market with several interesting prospects
Aker Solutions has together with Norway Royal Salmon developed the design for Arctic Offshore Farming’s harsh environment installation
Today’s contract means that the company will now also make its first delivery of such facilities
The value of the contract is approximately NOK 40 million
"We will leverage our expertise and capabilities from the oil and gas industry also in other markets
Our ambition is to grow our renewable projects and low-carbon solutions to count for one third of the revenues by 2025
We are currently pursuing prospects within offshore wind power
The new contract for Arctic Offshore Farming shows that we can be a relevant and competitive contractor for such markets," said Karl-Petter Løken
Arctic Offshore Farming’s facilities are currently being prefabricated as four separate sections at the Fosen Yard in Emden
the modules will be transported on a barge to Aker Solutions’ specialized yard in Verdal where the four sections will be assembled to two circular fish farming units
The fish farm weighs about 3,800 metric tons and has a diameter of 80 meters
"Arctic Offshore Farming is a development project by Norway Royal Salmon and is an important project for further growth and to maintain NRS as one of the world’s leading producers of farmed salmon
Arctic Offshore Farming is a project that will bring us into the future for facilitating environmentally sustainable salmon farming further out at more open sea
We believe it is important to work closely with the traditional suppliers to the aquaculture industry
as well as aligning typical marine and offshore suppliers with decades of experience from exposed waters and developing a competitive national network of suppliers and contractors for the future aquaculture industry
Bringing Aker Solutions' facility in Verdal into the project for assembly of the two steel cages together with the design team in Aker Solutions
is in all interests creating a successful salmon farming facility with Arctic Offshore Farming," said Knut Engene
Aker Solutions' scope includes preparatory activities for the fabrication
services to Arctic Offshore Farming and their suppliers
Each of the two fish farming units weighs about 3,800 metric tons
has a diameter of 80 meters and a height of 22 meters
Preparations for the project start early 2021
The activity will be at its highest in April and May when around 50 employees will be working on the project
The fish farming units will be installed at the Arctic Offshore Farming location outside Tromsø in Northern Norway
Fish farming has been identified by Aker Solutions as a market with several interesting prospects
\"We will leverage our expertise and capabilities from the oil and gas industry also in other markets
The new contract for Arctic Offshore Farming shows that we can be a relevant and competitive contractor for such markets,\" said Karl-Petter Løken
\"Arctic Offshore Farming is a development project by Norway Royal Salmon and is an important project for further growth and to maintain NRS as one of the world’s leading producers of farmed salmon
is in all interests creating a successful salmon farming facility with Arctic Offshore Farming,\" said Knut Engene
STORD, Norway – First steel has been cut for two more Aker BP developments in the Norwegian North Sea.
Aker Solutions’ yard will construct the topsides for the new production platform for the Valhall development and the Hugin A production and living quarters platform in the Yggdrasil area.
The program is a cooperation with Aker BP, ABB and Siemens Energy as part of the Fixed Facilities Alliance. Aker Solutions’ yards in Egersund, Verdal and Sandnessjøen will also support the two projects, as will the Nymo yard in Grimstad, Rosenberg Worley in Stavanger, Aibel in Haugesund and Leirvik in Stord.
Valhall PWP-Fenris is a joint development in the southern part of the North Sea; Pandion Energy is the partner in Valhall and PGNiG Upstream Norway in Fenris, 50 km to the south.
Aker BP has commissioned a new centrally located production and wellhead platform bridge-linked to the Valhall Field center and an unmanned installation at Fenris connected via pipeline to Valhall.
The new facilities will use Valhall’s existing power from shore system. The company expects to recover an additional 230 MMboe and ensure a lifetime extension for Valhall post-2028.
Valhall PWP is a 16,000-metric-ton production platform for the Valhall Field that will be assembled at Stord, with the 9,500-mt steel jacket to be fabricated by Aker Solutions in Verdal. In addition, Sandnessjøen, Worley Rosenberg and Nymo in Arendal will contribute to the construction work.
Yggdrasil, which encompasses the Hugin, Fulla and Munin license groups, is between the Alvheim and Oseberg field centers, with combined resources of more than 700 MMboe. Aker BP’s partners in the area are Equinor and PGNiG Upstream Norway.
The project involves construction of three platforms, nine subsea templates, new pipelines for oil and gas export, and power from shore, with the entire Yggdrasil area remotely operated from an integrated operations center/control room onshore in Stavanger.
Hugin A’s 28,000-metric-ton production platform, the largest topsides ever built in the Stord area, will be supported by a 20,500-mt steel jacket to be delivered from Aker Solutions yard in Verdal. Aker Solutions’ yards in Egersund and Sandnessjøen will build modules, while Leirvik will supply the living quarters.
Construction of the Hugin B and Fenris unmanned platforms will take place at Verdal, while Aibel will supply the topside for Munin.
09.05.2023
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Interest is growing in the services offered by Aker Kværner Jacket Technology (AKJT)
which was set up a year ago to support Aker Kværner’s specialized jacket fabrication yard in Norway
and to find new outlets for its jacket expertise in the global market
Aker Kværner’s jacket engineering expertise was gathered together in AKJT
which is headed by Managing Director Bjørn Rognlien
which is augmented as required by contract personnel
and can draw on the resources of other Aker Kværner companies
Its closest partner is Aker Kværner Engineering and Technology
the mainstay of the group’s topsides engineering expertise
winning jacket contracts for Shell’s Goldeneye
and most recently EnCana’s Buzzard project
there have been few fabrication opportunities
as most countries with established offshore sectors reserve jacket work for their own yards
there is scope for AKJT to add value to jacket projects in foreign countries
This could be done through establishing long-term relationships with local contractors and fabricators
AKJT could then contribute engineering solutions conducive to more effective fabrication methods
hopefully realizing improvements in future projects
The company is already enacting its strategy
together with its local associate Kværner Powergas
it won a $4-million contract involving technical responsibility for the design of nine wellhead platforms for ONGC’s Mumbai High South development
The company had a team of four engineers working full-time on the project in India
will support 700-ton topsides and will be installed in water depths of 69-85 m
Five of the platforms are due for delivery this year and the remainder in 2006
the company is supporting Aker Kværner Engineering and Technology in tendering to local yards to provide jacket engineering for several platforms
an agreement was also signed with Mexican state engineering company Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo (IMP)
which performs most of the conceptual design work for state oil company Pemex
Four IMP engineers spent a month in Oslo familiarizing themselves with the company’s working procedures
AKJT then undertook a two-month study for a jacket to be installed in 250 m of water
the deepest installation yet in the Mexico sector
the company has carried out a number of assignments for the local company Aker Kværner Asia Pacific in Singapore
a review and verification of a jacket project undertaken by the Singapore office
Long-term collaboration between engineering and fabrication personnel can lead to a marked improvement in performance
which built Norsk Hydro’s Brage and Grane jackets
which were delivered respectively in 1993 and 2003
with roughly the same weight - 18,300 tons for Brage against 17,500 for Grane
But construction of Grane took only half the man-hours required for Brage
The collaboration between the Oslo-based engineering resources and the Verdal yard kicked off in 1991 with the Sleipner riser platform for Statoil
which was designed and built in just one year following the loss of the Sleipner A concrete gravity-base structure during submersion tests
“That was how the template for working together was formed,” says Rognlien
“We had a real focus on getting a model that was simple to fabricate
We’ve since worked together on 20 jackets including current projects
in which the two sides have got to know each other very well
the yard has benefited from getting designs suited to its production methods
Together the partners offer a strong engineering
and this is the key to gaining control over the whole value chain
the tangible benefit is that projects are completed in fewer work-hours and at a lower price than through a fabrication only strategy
only two of the 21 jacket contracts won by Aker Verdal have been awarded with a pure fabrication scope
When invited to tender for a fabrication contract
Aker Verdal has often also submitted an EPC bid and on several occasions has ended up persuading the customer that this was the better option
The most recent example is the Buzzard jackets for Nexen (the contract was awarded by EnCana
which were originally tendered as a fabrication contract
“The key factors in this success can be attributed to exceptional product understanding - the ability to develop effective and safe concepts - and subsequent project execution,” says Rognlien.
Armed Police will be present at Constitution Day celebrations across the country on 17th May
The security and emergency response measures that were carried out in Oslo last year will now apply to the entire country
The Norwegian Police Directorate made the announcement this week
Police Chief Benedicte Bjørnland says that officers on the ground should be ready to respond immediately if a terrorist attack were to occur at major events and gatherings at the National Day celebrations
The ruling is limited to emergency personnel who are certified to carry weapons during major events. It will be up to the Police in Norway to consider which events this applies to
the parades in all major cities are certain to be included in the definition
While this may seem like no big deal to many people around the world
the Norwegian National Day is a very different experience
It is known for being totally non-militaralised
unlike many equivalent days around the world
playing in marching band parades throughout the country
a ‘people's parade' is typically held which anyone is able to join
The sight of armed Police could well change the jovial atmosphere
Read more: Norway's National Day In Pictures
authorities have been quick to highlight that no specific threat has been identified for 17 May
The Police Directorate decision is based on the general threat assessment conducted by the Police Security Service
“We think the celebration should be safe and good
but we will take into account that the police should be able to act immediately if something happens”
Last year police officers were armed in Oslo
where thousands of people flood the streets for a series of parades and other events across the city
The Police paid special attention to Karl Johans gate
Local buses and police cars were used to block side streets
This was done to prevent the kind of attack that has been seen elsewhere in Europe
Police in Bergen were armed in specific areas.Officers in Trondheim and Stavanger had access to firearms in their police cars
armed police will be present in all major cities
Authorities in smaller towns and cities will decide for themselves if their parades and gatherings fall under the Police Directorate's definition of “major events and gatherings”
Originally from the UK, David now lives in Trondheim and was the original founder of Life in Norway back in 2011. He now works as a professional writer on all things Scandinavia
It’s one of the most peaceful and civilised nations
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