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The poster with Polish and Yiddish text shows the class schedule of a ten-month agricultural course held in Dzierżoniów
Hiding underneath these cold facts is the history of a certain place
and certain organisations making efforts to build a new world in the times of uncertainty and fear.
Dzierżoniów in Lower Silesia was a unique spot on the map of post-war Jewish life in Poland
the small German town of Rychbach (Reichenbach) was incorporated into the Polish territory
and in the composition of its population.
Dzierżoniów was home to many Jews who had survived the Holocaust in hiding or in concentration camps
a half of the population – from nine thousand up to as many as fifteen thousand people – consisted of Survivors
The other half were Poles looking for a fresh start in the so-called Recovered Territories
Jews would build their new lives in Dzierżoniów around legally operating Jewish welfare and educational organisations which used Yiddish alongside Polish
and other localities where Survivors became victims of post-war pogroms
the people living in Dzierżoniów enjoyed a sense of safety
and the possibilities to defend oneself broader
and the grief of losing family weighed heavy on the local Jews
they had plenty opportunities to start life anew.
Many Jews of Dzierżoniów received vocational training
for example by attending courses organised by the ORT – the Organisation for the Support of Industrial
The bilingual poster presented here is the class schedule of an agricultural course
It began in November and lasted until August – the period of harvest
with the trainees participating in the gathering of crops
They learnt about the vegetation cycle of plants and efficient management of a farm
The course also included a module of general subjects
the communist authorities had managed to gain control over all independent educational
One of the results of these actions was bringing an end to the phenomenon of Jewish settlement in Dzierżoniów.
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Supported by Norway and EEA Grants from Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway and the national budget #EEAGrants #Funduszenorweskie #EOG #EEANorwayGrants
Kamil Kijek received his PhD from the Institute of History at the Polish Academy of Science in Warsaw (Poland) and is a Prins Foundation postdoctoral fellow at the Center for Jewish History in New York
Joseph and Morton Mandel Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies
Symbolic violence and anti-Semitism On the Idiosyncratic Effect of the State Education System Among the Jewish Youth in Interwar Poland” in Polin Studies in Polish Jewry (forthcoming) and “Ha radicalism ha politi shel ha noar ha yehudi be shtetl polani bein milhamot ha olam” (Political radicalism of the shtetl youth in Poland between Two World Wars) in Yalkut Moreshet vol.92-93 (April 2013
Kijek’s conference presentations partly include
Language and Jewish Youth in Interwar Poland” at the XVI World Congress of Jewish Studies in Jerusalem
Political Consciousness and Patterns of Cultural Consumption among Jewish Youth in Interwar Poland" at the 46th Annual Conference of the Association of Jewish Studies in Baltimore
For his Sosland Family fellowship at the Mandel Center
Kijek used the records of the World Jewish Congress
and Displaced Persons archival collection to further investigate the Jewish community of Dzierżoniów during the period of 1945-1968
where one of the most important Jewish centers in post-war Poland was located
Kamil Kijek was in residence at the Mandel Center from July 1 to September 30
Joseph and Morton Mandel Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies is a leading generator of new knowledge and understanding of the Holocaust
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Lower Silesia (a region in southwestern Poland
became a legendary figure in 1960s Polish cinema
Known for his portrayals of rebellious and non-conformist characters
Zbigniew Cybulski became a symbol of post-war disillusionment and the struggles of a generation coming of age in a politically turbulent era
Often referred to as the "Polish James Dean," he epitomized the moral and existential dilemmas faced by Polish youth in the aftermath of World War II
While Cybulski’s career predated the "cinema of moral anxiety" movement of the 1970s
his work deeply influenced Polish filmmakers and left a lasting impact on the nation’s cultural identity
a social networking platform for film enthusiasts
world-renowned actor Leonardo DiCaprio shared with director Martin Scorsese that Polish actor Zbigniew Cybulski's character had been an inspiration for him
Martin Scorsese and Leonardo DiCaprio recall the hard-boiled noir and fast-talkin’ film influences that have fed the six features they’ve made together so far. Plus: Leo introduces Marty to Miyazaki. Watch the full video: https://t.co/7AeyjiOAXq pic.twitter.com/Ze5f9sPMsj
DiCaprio specifically praised Cybulski's performance in Ashes and Diamonds
a 1958 black-and-white drama directed by Andrzej Wajda
revealing that the internal tension of Cybulski’s character influenced his portrayal of Billy Costigan in the 2006 American thriller The Departed
Scorsese referred to Cybulski as “the European James Dean” due to his intense style and influence on cinema
His performance as a young patriot fighting the communist regime struck Scorsese deeply
particularly his portrayal of a man struggling in a moral vacuum
with Scorsese often paying homage to him through visual references in his own films
a look that Martin Scorsese adopted as a tribute in his films
Polish actor left behind a significant body of work
with his greatest film being Ashes and Diamonds
along with standout performances in Night Train (1959) and Innocent Sorcerers (1960)
both of which Scorsese hailed as masterpieces of Polish cinema
a bench commemorating his legacy still stands in front of the local high school
🎥 Dzierżoniów staje się miastem filmowym! Dziś, w parku naprzeciwko I Liceum, tam gdzie kiedyś spacerowali Zbigniew Cybulski i Sylwester Checinski, została odsłonięta ławka filmowa. Inicjatorem tego projektu jest Towarzystwo Miłośników Dzierżoniowa. 🎬🌟 #Dzierżoniów pic.twitter.com/wQ1O5a4kfh