indispensable guide to what Trump’s second term means for Washington follow the latest on tariffs and executive orders Stay on top of the latest events in US politics with the FT’s trusted and impartial coverage Insight and analysis on US politics from commentators such as Ed Luce and James Politi This subscription does not include access to ft.com or the FT App Essential digital access to quality FT journalism on any device Complete digital access to quality FT journalism with expert analysis from industry leaders Terms & Conditions apply Discover all the plans currently available in your country See why over a million readers pay to read the Financial Times Matt and Sam explore how movement conservatives—and their think tanks—are preparing for a second Trump administration “are poisoning the blood of our country.” is ensuring that this time—unlike in 2016—Trump is surrounded by the right people: populist true believers who are sufficiently loyal and sufficiently competent to implement his extreme agenda “Personnel is policy” is the watchword And think tanks like the Heritage Foundation and the America First Policy Institute (AFPI) are busy building rival rosters of ideologically vetted political appointees (And pissing each other off in the process.) This episode explores how movement conservatives are refashioning the “conservative pipeline” for an anti-establishment era—through their efforts to recruit and train political professionals for a second Trump term The question is: can these initiatives overcome the candidate’s own erratic style his preference for hiring devoted courtiers over disciplined ideologues would Trump submit to the Heritage Foundation’s plans for his presidential transition Or would he resent being managed by these self-understood “adults in the room” can the eggheads of the conservative movement clean up the mess that is MAGA Or is that just another intellectual fantasy as we often say on Know Your Enemy: “MAGA is the mess.” Sam Adler-Bell, The Shadow War to Determine the Next Trump Administration Isaac Arnsdorf, Josh Dawsey, and Devlin Barrett, Trump and allies plot revenge, Justice Department control in a second term Charlie Savage, Maggie Haberman, and Jonathan Swan, Sweeping Raids, Giant Camps and Mass Deportation: Inside Trump’s 2025 Immigration Plans Jonathan D. Karl, The Man Who Made January 6 Possible Zachary Petrizzo, Trumpworld Is Already at War Over Staffing a New Trump White House Jim VandeHei and Mike Allen, Behind the Curtain — Scoop: The Trump job applications revealed Ian Ward, The Brash Group of Young Conservatives Getting Ready for the Next Trump Administration Michael Hirsh, Inside the Next Republican Revolution Dylan Riley, What Is Trump? New Left Review (2018) Timothy Snyder, Not a Normal Election …and don’t forget to subscribe to Know Your Enemy on Patreon for access to all of our bonus episodes The three-word statement was highlighted in bold letters at the opening of NATO’s March 4 briefing on the occasion of the Polish-leg of the alliance’s largest military exercise since 1988 But even amid the resolute and calm tone of officials in the room there was a palpable sense of apprehension among reporters officials were pressed about whether they had concerns over revealing their plans to Russia through events such as these or even the possibility the Kremlin could intercept operational details “Of course we are concerned, everyone is concerned,” Brig. Gen. Gunnar Bruegner, assistant chief of staff at NATO’s Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe, told Defense News. “[We need] to make sure we are safeguarding the critical information, but it does not relieve us from the requirement of making these exercises happen.” “It is quite a balance you need to keep; you cannot showcase everything,” he said director of strategy and policy at NATO’s Allied Joint Force Command Brunssum told reporters that while the alliance does protect its communications “we are also really trying to be transparent.” The fine line between accountability and information security is one that some NATO members have recently grappled with. A notable example is the leak of a German discussion about potentially providing Ukraine iwth Taurus missiles. Russia intercepted audio from the web conference between German Air Force officials. Through this, Moscow was able to get its hands on information regarding the potential supply of cruise missiles to Ukraine as well as operational scenarios of how the war could play out. Russian officials said last month that the country views Steadfast Defender as a threat. When it comes to that training event, Bruegner said, details provided to the media during briefings are meant to illustrate the bigger picture, but only in broad terms. “The plans themselves and the details in there will not be made available to everyone. What you’re seeing here are slides NATO has unclassified,” he explained. He also noted that an objective of the exercises is to showcase the integration of capabilities, and not necessarily what NATO would do in a contested setting. “We for sure would not fly banners on the amphibious devices in a contested exercise, which would have involved having an opponent on the other side of the eastern benches of the river and would’ve looked different [than what we saw in the Dragon drill],” Bruegner said. Elisabeth Gosselin-Malo is a Europe correspondent for Defense News. She covers a wide range of topics related to military procurement and international security, and specializes in reporting on the aviation sector. She is based in Milan, Italy. Facebook pageTwitter feed RSS feedDefense News © 2025 dealing with a wide variety of security crises and deterrence operations from Europe to the Middle East to the Pacific China’s threat is far greater than that posed anywhere else and there is no unified security structure like NATO Both America and her allies have a stake in deterring aggression and maintaining a free and open Indo-Pacific and Atlantic American conservatives have long called for allies to increase their defense spending America’s allies in Europe and the Indo-Pacific should expect this discussion to continue and even intensify over the coming months The American military is stretched thin Handling all these security commitments isn’t easy or cheap contributing security partners if it is going to work This American-led system is good for Americans Our allies also have a stake in preventing countries like China from overturning the current system which has made all our allies and partners safer However, the cost needs to be shared more equitably That means those same allies must be far more active players in international security in the future Our European allies are more than capable of providing the bulk of conventional deterrence in Europe our European allies not only have a vastly larger population than Russia but they also constitute an economy that dwarfs that of the Russian Federation >>> NATO Has a Canada Problem and the United Kingdom each have economies larger than Russia’s And they’ve used that wealth to generate substantial military forces in the not-too-distant past impressive militaries that faced down the Soviets for decades and dissuaded Moscow from launching a war of aggression against a NATO member This is something they can do again—they only need to choose to do it >>> Seoul Can’t Shun Taiwan Contingency Responsibilities The defense budget for Fiscal Year 2026 will need to shift resources into priority areas like procurement of ships, planes, and munitions if the U.S. military is to be capable of deterring great power conflict this decade Americans should continue to push for allies to maintain defense spending increases This piece originally appeared in The National Interest https://nationalinterest.org/feature/america%E2%80%99s-allies-need-increase-defense-spending-213793 Learn more about policies to protect U.S. interests globally with Mandate for Leadership Find everything you need to know about America’s work with international organizations here highly relevant issue briefs and reports that break new ground with a focus on advancing debates by integrating foundational research and analysis with concrete policy solutions the Atlantic Council’s experts have you covered—delivering their sharpest rapid insight and forward-looking analysis direct to your inbox New Atlanticist is where top experts and policymakers at the Atlantic Council and beyond offer exclusive insight on the most pressing global challenges—and the United States’ role in addressing them alongside its allies and partners A weekly column by Atlantic Council President and CEO Frederick Kempe Inflection Points focuses on the global challenges facing the United States and how to best address them UkraineAlert is a comprehensive online publication that provides regular news and analysis on developments in Ukraine’s politics UkraineAlert sources analysis and commentary from a wide-array of thought-leaders and activists from Ukraine and the global community MENASource offers the latest news from across the Middle East and independent analysis from fellows and staff Econographics provides an in-depth look at trends in the global economy utilizing state-of-the-art data visualization tools Residents of Kharkiv have been monitoring reports with increasing urgency for the past five days as a new Russian offensive edges closer to the city The stresses of war are nothing new to the Kharkiv population which has been under daily bombardment since the start of the current year the opening of a new front less than half an hour’s drive from the city’s northern suburbs has raised the stakes dramatically Since the Russian offensive began last Friday harrowing footage of burning villages and fleeing civilians has flooded social media Evacuation efforts are still underway in the border region with around eight thousand people so far brought from nearby communities to Kharkiv advancing up to eight kilometers into Ukraine and capturing a number of Ukrainian villages While the incursion is currently regarded as too small in scale to threaten Kharkiv itself the reappearance of Russian soldiers in the region for the first time since 2022 has sparked considerable alarm and dismay Russia’s new offensive did not come as a complete surprise the build-up of Russian troops across the border had been common knowledge for weeks Kharkiv Regional Council member and political sciences professor Halyna Kuts says she has been preparing for some time and has a bag of emergency items packed and ready Kuts is one of many people in Kharkiv to express anger at restrictions preventing Ukraine from using Western weapons to strike targets inside Russia Due to fears of possible Russian retaliation most of Kyiv’s partners insist the military aid they supply only be used within Ukraine’s borders These restrictions prevented Ukraine from attacking concentrations of Russian troops as they prepared for the current offensive With Russian troops now gradually moving toward the city Kuts believes the only option is to “dig in” and prepare to defend Kharkiv “This is no longer a center of culture and science; this is a military fortress and water with them at all times,” she says it has become much rarer to encounter children on the streets of the city Some families have now left Kharkiv due to the deteriorating security situation heading west for the relative safety of Poltava Youngsters who remain are obliged to attend classes underground or online the co-founder of a Kharkiv publishing house specializing in children’s books has spent recent evenings watching the glow of artillery fire on the horizon as fighting edges closer and closer to her home in Kharkiv’s Saltivka residential district She estimates that there is now less than twenty kilometers separating her from the Russian army Kashyrina continues working in her publishing business and volunteering to help evacuees find temporary accommodation if Russian troops advance further and the city comes within artillery range Others insist they will not leave Kharkiv under any circumstances Kashyrina’s publishing house colleague Svitlana Feldman has spent recent days stockpiling power banks “Adaptability is the key skill now,” she explains One of the most dangerous aspects of daily life in Kharkiv is commuting to the office so the company now encourages working from home Some Kharkiv residents have already fled from the Russian invasion once and do not intend to do so again who came to Kharkiv from Donetsk when it was first occupied by Russia ten years ago says she will not evacuate and is instead placing her faith in the Ukrainian army to defend the city This is a common refrain in today’s Kharkiv While almost everyone is watching anxiously for signs of an escalation in the current offensive there is also a mood of defiance and plenty of confidence in the city’s ability to defend itself Defiance can be expressed in different ways this means proceeding with Kharkiv’s annual Vyshyvanka Day parade on May 16 in one of the city’s underground metro stations which features people sporting Ukraine’s traditional embroidered shirts is widely seen as a celebration of Ukrainian patriotism and national identity With Russian troops advancing toward the city Kuts says it is now more important than ever to host this year’s parade as planned Maria Avdeeva is a Kharkiv-based Ukrainian security analyst and strategic communication expert is struggling to survive amid a campaign of relentless Russian bombing that aims to make the city unlivable Putin’s one tank victory parade reflects the catastrophic scale of Russian losses in Ukraine and is a reminder that behind the facade of overwhelming strength Russia has opened a new front in the invasion of Ukraine with a cross-border offensive in the northeastern Kharkiv region as Putin seeks to capitalize on a window of opportunity before fresh Western aid reaches Ukrainian front line troops The views expressed in UkraineAlert are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Atlantic Council The Eurasia Center’s mission is to enhance transatlantic cooperation in promoting stability democratic values and prosperity in Eurasia from Eastern Europe and Turkey in the West to the Caucasus Image: A police officer helps a local resident during an evacuation to Kharkiv due to Russian shelling in the town of Vovchansk in Kharkiv region Sign up to receive expert analysis from our community on the most important global issues © 2025 Atlantic CouncilAll rights reserved If refreshing the page doesn't resolve the issue you could try clearing the sites browser cache Darryl: [Holding up phone to show name] Well apparently, it's Becky. Your Ads Privacy ChoicesIMDb News release from Vestas Northern and Central Europe Hamburg Vestas has received a 132 MW order from Akuo Energy located in southern Poland and EP 44 and Gniew All three projects will comprise tailored solutions including site-specific rotor sizes ratings and hub heights that will cater for specific site and transportation constraints while maximising annual energy production The Wielowies project will feature 19 V136-3.45 MW turbines and one V126-3.45 MW turbine that will all be operating in 3.3 MW The EP 44 project consists of 22 V110-2.0 MW turbines and the Gniew wind farm comprises 11 V110-2.0 MW “This achievement is the result of AKUO’s continuous efforts to develop sustainable clean energy solutions in Poland for past years and the result of a close cooperation with Vestas’ teams to implement site specific and cost optimised solutions despite current global high demand in the wind energy sector We fully trust in Vestas’ capability to execute those projects within allocated the time schedule and budget to make these projects a common new success in wind energy” once again underlines our ability to leverage our extensive expertise across the value chain to deliver a solution that ensures clean energy at the lowest cost of energy to the Polish energy consumers” President of Vestas Northern & Central Europe “We look forward to maximising our customer’s return on investment by offering a competitive cost of energy” We invite you to learn more about Vestas by visiting our website at www.vestas.com and following us on our social media channels: Join the conversation You can save this article by registering for free here. Or sign-in if you have an account (Bloomberg) — Some UK government departments are bracing for budget cuts of as much as 11% as Prime Minister Keir Starmer comes under mounting pressure to plow more money into defense Subscribe now to read the latest news in your city and across Canada Create an account or sign in to continue with your reading experience Article contentThe Treasury has asked so-called unprotected public services outside of health education and defense to model two scenarios ahead of a three-year spending review due in June according to people familiar with the matter who requested anonymity discussing internal planning Those are “flat cash” — which translates to an inflation-adjusted cut of around 5% — and a spending reduction that in real terms comes to about 11% over the period While that second model was originally seen as a worst-case scenario it now looks more plausible for some departments amid hints from Starmer that defense spending is set to rise No final decisions have yet been taken on the scale of the cuts or indeed the pace of increase of defense expenditure By signing up you consent to receive the above newsletter from Postmedia Network Inc The next issue of Top Stories will soon be in your inbox Interested in more newsletters? The revelation raises the prospect of further damaging cuts in so-called unprotected departments that were also hit in the 2010s by the austerity policies pursued by successive Conservative-led governments. Reductions in day-to-day spending, which excludes capital investment, would leave departments that have already been squeezed hardest facing further pain. Those at risk include Local Government, Culture, Justice, the Home Office, Environment, Energy, and Work and Pensions. Labour has pledged to lift defense spending as a share of GDP to 2.5% from the current 2.33% but has yet to set out a timescale. Delivering it this parliament would cost roughly £5 billion ($6.3 billion) extra per year, and Starmer is under pressure from military chiefs and US President Donald Trump to act swiftly. “We have to spend more on defense, that’s the reality of the situation we find ourselves in,” the prime minister told broadcasters on Monday. He said all countries across Europe have to “step up on both capability and on spending and funding” of the military. As the US pursues talks with Russia to end its war in Ukraine, Starmer also vowed to send UK peacekeeping troops to Ukraine if needed to enforce any deal. The government has repeatedly said it’ll spell out a pathway to reaching the defense spending target when it publishes its strategic defense review in the first half of this year. The Treasury in June also aims to publish how it’s divvying up between departments the overall spending envelope for the next three years. If military spending goes up faster, that means a tighter squeeze in other areas, despite Chancellor of the Exchequer Rachel Reeves topping up day-to-day departmental expenditure in her October budget by £50 billion in 2028-29. The bulk of that rise has been committed to areas including health, schools, childcare, defense and aid. With about two-thirds of the UK’s annual £510 billion of day-to-day departmental spending dedicated to protected areas, that means funding is at risk in others, including the creative industries, court services, police, bin collections and environmental agencies. Moreover, the Treasury has made clear that the overall £50 billion increase in day-to-day spending is a best-case scenario. Reeves may have to trim the total and use the savings to meet her fiscal rule that all day-to-day spending must be paid out of taxes after bond market moves raised borrowing costs and the Office for Budget Responsibility downgraded its growth forecasts, wiping out all £9.9 billion of Reeves’ headroom and leaving her slightly in the red. That increases the chances of the 11% cuts downside scenario being needed for some departments. Better-than expected growth in the final quarter of last year may have helped recover her position a little and may be reflected in the next OBR forecast submission on Wednesday this week. The watchdog will deliver five forecasts in all before the Mar. 26 fiscal statement. It is not clear if Reeves plans to rebuild all £9.9 billion of her headroom or just creep back into the black in order to meet her key fiscal rule. transmission or republication strictly prohibited This website uses cookies to personalize your content (including ads), and allows us to analyze our traffic. Read more about cookies here. By continuing to use our site, you agree to our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy You can manage saved articles in your account We often visit places “by accident”. This is how we got to Gniew! The city was supposed to be just a stop on the way, and it turned out to be an interesting discovery. The town itself and the castle in Gniew are impressive! While walking you will meet elements of tourist infrastructure – there are directional and information boards The city is not big so you probably won’t get lost Gniew is located near the highway to Gdańsk The city is 115 kilometres away from Toruń The town is situated at the mouth of Wierzyca and the Vistula rivers There are several parking spaces on the main square – Grunwaldzki Square and we decided to use them The city is compact and you can easily explore its center on foot The origins of the castle date back to 1290 and are associated with the Teutonic Order It is said that it was one of the most powerful castles of the order on this side of the Vistula the castle was seized by Paweł of Wszeradów but the Teutonic Knights regained it in the same year It was incorporated into Poland and became the seat of starosts In 1625 and 1655 it was seized by the Swedish army the starost of Gniew was Jan Sobieski – the future king of Poland who built a baroque building in Podzamcze for his wife the building has been replaced many times and performed various functions but a year later a fire broke out in the castle which destroyed a large part of the building the castle housed a German prison for Poles The reconstruction of the building began in the late 1960s the castle houses a hotel with conference facilities According to the data I was able to obtain the castle hosts the staging of the battle of Gniew (1626) every year it is worth taking a closer look at the city itself The first records of the city date back to the 13th century but the first traces of settlement date back to 2500 BC Among the interesting buildings that are worth mentioning in Gniew there is certainly the aforementioned castle the palace of Marysieńki – the wife of Jan III Sobieski city pumps and the Gothic parish church of St Gniew has a preserved medieval spatial layout with a square The oldest tenement houses are from the 15th century If you are planning a walk around the city there is a good chance that you will also see the remains of the city walls Despite the fact that Gniew was a random choice for a stopover on the road The city has the potential to develop tourism and I hope that it will use it because it has something to show the remains of city walls or an interesting castle in Gniew are just the beginning My name is Jakub Juszyński and I create this place Nie zabraknie tu lokalnych smaków i ciekawostek 2013-2023 © tymrazem.pl | made with ♥ by fajne studio kreatywne Tuesday, Apr 22, 2025A Spanish tank is pictured along with allied military vehicles during a NATO exercise near Gniew, Poland, in 2024. (Edouard Bocquet/NATO)THE HAGUE, Netherlands — Spain will rapidly increase its military spending rate this year to reach the 2% of GDP target set for NATO members, the country’s prime minister announced on Tuesday. Spain so far has been among the alliance’s lowest defense spenders, with just 1.3% of the country’s total economic power going to the military. The €10.5 billion boost ($12 billion) in defense spending will raise the Spanish total to €34 billion ($39 billion) for this year. Madrid originally set a goal of reaching 2% of GDP for defense spending by 2029, but the envisioned cash infusion will mean that the target is reached in 2025 instead. While announcing the increased military budget on Tuesday, the country’s left-of-center prime minister, Pedro Sánchez, said most of the funding — almost 90% — is expected to boost Spain’s domestic economy. He stressed that the country remained “pacifist” but that he hoped the increased military readiness would act as a deterrent to “those who might think of attacking Europe.” The money will come from the post-pandemic recovery funds, from the government’s savings due to Spain’s strong economic growth, and from several line items included in the government budget that were “no longer needed,” Sánchez said. Less than a fifth of the extra money will be used for the “purchase of arms in the traditional sense of the word,” the prime minister added. Of the €10.5 billion boost ($12 billion), 35% is earmarked for improving the working conditions of troops, over 31% will be spent on new telecom technologies and cybersecurity, nearly 19% will go to defense and deterrence tools, and close to 17% to support for emergency and natural disaster management. Spain’s economy has been doing remarkably well compared to much of the West in recent years, with GDP growing by 3.2% in 2024, making it the fastest-growing in the Eurozone. The country has been under left-of-center leadership since 2020, whose priorities have usually focused on social issues and the fair redistribution of wealth, not military spending. The Spanish boost in military spending follows a broader trend across Europe, which has experienced a historic about-face in the wake of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine. Defense budgets across the continent have significantly grown since, with military spending across the EU last year totaling €326 billion ($374 billion), or just under 2% of total GDP. U.S. President Donald Trump has repeatedly called into question the collective security assured under NATO’s treaty for member states that don’t spend enough. The 2% target had been formally agreed by the alliance’s heads of state in 2014, following Russia’s annexation of Ukraine’s Crimean Peninsula, although the number had first been pledged noncommittally in 2006. The target may be raised to 3% at the upcoming NATO summit in the Hague, which will be held in June. Linus Höller is a Europe correspondent for Defense News. He covers international security and military developments across the continent. Linus holds a degree in journalism, political science and international studies, and is currently pursuing a master’s in nonproliferation and terrorism studies. 2024British and German military vehicles are pictured during a NATO exercise near Gniew Germany — The defense ministers of Germany and the U.K plan to sign a new defense agreement on Wednesday that will see the two countries develop new long-range strike weapons prioritize securing NATO’s eastern flank and field a new class of drones for accompanying their battle tank formations according to separate statements from the two governments the pact amounts to a comprehensive reboot of defense relations between London and Berlin that had lacked structure since Britain formally exited the European Union in early 2020 The jam-packed agenda touches all military domains – air and cyber – showcasing Rheinmetall as a linchpin of industrial cooperation for land forces has become a key pillar in NATO plans to deter Russian aggression against the continent Under the new plan, German defense contractor Rheinmetall and its British subsidiary will open a factory for making artillery gun barrels using locally made steel re-establishing a capability given up by the British a decade a ago The first barrels are slated to roll off the production line in 2027 In the maritime domain, the two nations pledge to cooperate on new technology for monitoring vital undersea cables and pipelines in the North Sea, a key concern for defense planners in Europe amid Russian espionage against such targets. “The UK and Germany are moving closer together,” German Defense Minister Boris Pistorius was quoted as saying in a statement circulated to reporters on the eve of the Trinity House Agreement’s signing. “With projects across the air, land, sea, and cyber domains, we will jointly increase our defense capabilities, thereby strengthening the European pillar within NATO,” he added. “We can only strengthen our ability to act together. This is why our cooperation projects are open to other partners.” The British statement characterized the new defense pact with Germany as an example of the new Labour government of Prime Minister Keir Starmer “resetting” relations with European allies. An impending, overarching cooperation agreement with Germany beyond military matters is meant to complete a trio of separate bilateral pacts linking Britain and France, France and Germany, and Britain and Germany. “The Trinity House Agreement is a milestone moment in our relationship with Germany and a major strengthening of Europe’s security,” British Defense Minister John Healey was quoted as saying. As for support to Ukraine, an immediate step under the new pact will be outfitting donated German Sea King helicopters with “modern missile systems,” the British statement reads. In addition, the U.K. will play a bigger role in a Polish- and German-led armor support coalition for Kyiv, while Germany will do the same in a British-Latvian-led group devoted to drones. Sebastian Sprenger is associate editor for Europe at Defense News, reporting on the state of the defense market in the region, and on U.S.-Europe cooperation and multi-national investments in defense and global security. Previously he served as managing editor for Defense News. He is based in Cologne, Germany. The Wielowies wind farm will feature 19 V136-3.45 MW wind turbines and one V126-3.45 MW wind turbine that will all be operating in 3.3 MW The EP 44 wind farm consists of 22 V110-2.0 MW wind turbines and the Gniew wind farm comprises 11 V110-2.0 MW We have detected that you are using an outdated browser We recommend upgrading or switching to another browser The Interdisciplinary Scientific Seminar of WUST hosted Professor Andrzej Kadłuczka a prominent architect specialising in restoration projects and conversion of historic structures Professor Kadłuczka delivered a lecture entitled “New ontological understanding of cultural heritage and the problems inherent in its protection” The scientist is a co-author or author of restoration works including the modernisation and restoration of Cracow’s Słowacki Theatre the Underground Museum at the Main Square in Cracow restoration of Stary Theatre and Sukiennice reconstruction of Grunwaldzki Monument in Cracow and the city’s Armenian tenements he is employed at the Cracow University of Technology (he used to be the Dean of the Faculty of Architecture and many years’ head of the Institute of the History of Architecture and Conservation of Historic Structures) His academic placements include a scholarship of the Egyptian government at the Department of Antiquities in Cairo and work as a lecturer at foreign universities in Munster Professor Kadłuczka has authored over 200 publications - scientific papers He is the originator and organiser of the International Conservation Conference who adopted the Europe-wide known Cracow Charter 2000 Active in many scientific organisations in Poland and abroad he is the president of the Historical Monuments & Art Conservators Association and a member of numerous councils and expert groups including the prestigious Premio Europeo 2017 At Wrocław University of Science and Technology Professor Andrzej Kadłuczka delivered a lecture on various concepts of the understanding of cultural heritage The issues was addressed in the lecture include the new paradigm of a historic structure and the musealisation of public space "Perosol" is a student idea for improving climate efficiency and climate protection By continuing to browse the site you agree to our use of cookies in accordance with current browser settings