Metrics details Recent studies have established that cellular electrostatic interactions are more influential than assumed previously we use cryo-EM and perform steady-state kinetic studies to investigate electrostatic interactions between cytochrome (cyt.) c and the complex (C) III2-IV supercomplex from Saccharomyces cerevisiae at low salinity The kinetic studies show a sharp transition with a Hill coefficient ≥2 which together with the cryo-EM data at 2.4 Å resolution indicate multiple cyt c molecules bound along the supercomplex surface Negatively charged loops of CIII2 subunits Qcr6 and Qcr9 become structured to interact with cyt the higher resolution allows us to identify water molecules in proton pathways of CIV and previously unresolved cardiolipin molecules the lowered electrostatic screening renders engagement of multiple cyt c molecules that are directed by electrostatically structured CIII2 loops to conduct electron transfer between CIII2 and CIV Electron transfer between CIII2 and CIV is mediated via soluble cyt Reactions catalyzed by one-half of the CIII2 homodimer and CIV are detailed Quinol and quinone-binding sites are indicated as QP and QN Dashed black arrows indicate electron transfer while yellow arrows indicate proton-transfer reactions the negatively charged surface formed collectively by CIII2 and CIV within the CIII2CIV1/2 supercomplex presents stronger attractive electrostatic binding of cyt the cryo-EM data showed that in the supercomplex c is bound at either CIII2 or CIV or between these complexes in approximately equal proportions c shuttles between the donor and acceptor sites by 2D surface diffusion c concentration and determined the cryo-EM structure of the CIII2CIV1/2-cyt c co-complex at 20 mM monovalent salt concentration (λD ≅ 2.2 nm) In contrast to data obtained at 150 mM ionic strength the kinetic data show a sharp increase in the inter-complex electron-transfer rate at a cyt c:supercomplex ratio of ~ 10 suggesting cooperative binding of more than one cyt c-supercomplex interactions are facilitated by cyt c binding to negatively charged loops of subunits Qcr6 and Qcr9 from each of CIII monomers The data in the range 30 nM − 1 µM cyt. c were fit with a Hill equation (Fig. 2b): The concentration and fraction (inset) reduced cyt. c as a function of cyt. c concentration for 20 mM (black) and 150 mM (blue) monovalent salt concentrations were measured during the turnover of the supercomplex. Data are average of two technical replicates (one preparation was used because the experiment is focused on the effects of changes in ionic strength). Error bars are calculated as standard deviation. Panels (f) and (g) are expanded views of the two dashed squares in panel (d) showing the positions of subunits Qcr6 with cyt This pathway is used for proton transfer upon reduction of the oxidized catalytic site The positions of all these water molecules are largely the same as those identified previously in high-resolution X-ray crystal structures of bacterial and mammalian CIV have not been resolved previously in the S which would explain why it could not be observed in the absence of cyt c and the supercomplex surface govern the quinol oxidation:O2 reduction activity of the supercomplex This observation is consistent with a scenario where two cyt one at each of CIV and a CIII monomer in CIII2 which by steric interference lowers the probability for binding of a cyt This difference is presumably due to a tighter electrostatic association of cyt c with the supercomplex surface at the lower ionic strength c:CIV ratios electron transfer between each CIII in CIII2 and CIV presumably takes place by 2D diffusion which would be slowed by a tighter association of both reduced and oxidized cyt which would yield slow 2D diffusion of a single cyt c bound to the supercomplex (at 5–10 nM cyt which slows diffusion within the densely-packed negatively charged proteome Specific interactions between the positively charged cyt c and the highly negatively charged supercomplex surface would thus outcompete the unspecific interactions with non-partner proteins thereby promoting electron transfer within a CIII2CIV1/2 supercomplex by 2D diffusion The combined cryo-EM and kinetic data show that the supercomplex system is highly responsive to the electrostatic environment and that lowering the ionic strength yields an electron-transfer mechanism that involves more than one cyt which yields a system that can be tightly regulated by changes in the cyt S. cerevisiae strain BY 4741 with a FLAG tag on CIV subunit Cox6 was used41 Yeast cultures were grown in YPG (1% yeast extract 4 °C) by centrifugation and washed with 50 mM KH2PO4 at pH 7 The pellet was resuspended in a buffer containing 650 mM mannitol Cells were lysed by mechanical disruption (Constant Systems cell disrupter) at a pressure of 35 kpsi and cell debris was removed by centrifugation at 5600 × g (20 min The supernatant was then centrifuged at 120,000 × g for 1 h at 4 °C The pellet was resuspended and homogenized in 100 mM KCl It was then centrifuged at 120,000 × g for 30 min at 4 °C and centrifuged twice (see above) in 50 mM KH2PO4 and 5 mM EDTA at pH 7.4 the pellet was homogenized in 50 mM KH2PO4 at pH 7.4 frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at − 80 °C until use Membrane fragments were diluted to a total protein concentration of 2 mg/mL in 100 mM KCl and 0.5 % (weight/volume) GDN (GDN101; Anatrace) and solubilized overnight at 4 °C The membrane lysate was centrifuged at 140,000 × g for 90 min at 4 °C The supernatant was diluted to reach a final GDN concentration of 0.2 % and the sample was concentrated by centrifugation to a volume of ~ 70 mL using a 100-kDa molecular weight cut-off concentrator (Merck Millipore) The concentrated extract was incubated with 1 mL anti-FLAG M2 resin (Sigma-Aldrich) for 2 h at 4 °C The anti-FLAG M2 resin with bound protein was washed with 30 mL of buffer (150 mM KCl 20 mM KH2PO4 at pH 7.4 and 0.01 % GDN) and eluted with 0.1 mg/mL FLAG peptide (Sigma-Aldrich) Eluted supercomplex was concentrated with a 100-kDa molecular weight cutoff concentrator (Merck Millipore) and further purified by size exclusion chromatography with an Äkta Pure M25 (GE Healthcare) operated at 4 °C while monitoring absorbance changes at 280 nm and 415 nm The sample was loaded on a Superose 6 Increase 10/300 GL column (GE Healthcare) equilibrated with 150 mM KCl and those containing both CIII2 and CIV were pooled and concentrated as described above Sigma-Aldrich) was dissolved in 99.8% ethanol to reach a concentration of 20 mM Crystals of sodium borohydride (NaBH4; Sigma-Aldrich) were added and the sample was incubated on ice until it turned colorless which is indicative of formation of the reduced DQH2 10 − 20 μL of 5 M HCl (depending on the amount of NaBH4 used for reduction) was added until the pH was ~ 3 The sample was then centrifuged for 10 min at 10,000 × g to remove any excess undissolved NaBH4 crystals and the supernatant containing DQH2 was collected The activity of CIII2 was measured by following in time absorbance changes at 550 nm upon addition of DQH2 and KCN to block the oxidation of cyt the baseline absorbance was recorded using 50 μM oxidized cyt CIII2CIV1/2 supercomplex (equivalent to 10 nM CIII2CIV2) and 2 mM KCN in 20 mM KCl The reaction was initiated by adding 100 μM DQH2 CIV activity was measured using a Clark-type oxygen electrode (Oxygraph; Hansatech) operated at 25 °C to monitor the oxygen-reduction rate A baseline was first recorded using 50 μM oxidized cyt N’-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine (TMPD) in 20 mM KCl The reaction was initiated by adding CIII2CIV1/2 supercomplex at a concentration equivalent to 10 nM CIII2CIV2 The solution volume of the oxygraph chamber is 1 ml cerevisiae CIII2CIV1/2 supercomplex was measured by monitoring the oxygen-reduction rate with a Clark-type oxygen electrode (Oxygraph; Hansatech) operated at 25 °C Measurements were done at a concentration equivalent to 10 nM CIII2CIV2 and varying the concentration of S A control measurement was done by monitoring the O2 reduction rate upon addition of all components To determine the steady state concentration of reduced cyt It was normalized to that of a reduced (using dithionite) - oxidized difference absorbance at 550 nm Purified supercomplex was exchanged into 20 mM KCl and 0.01 % GDN with a 100-kDa molecular weight cutoff concentrator (Merck Millipore) A sample consisting of 3 µL of 10.5 µM supercomplex c (Sigma-Aldrich) was applied to glow-discharged (20 mA 30 s using PELCO easiGlow) Quantifoil R2/2 Cu grids manually covered with a continuous film of ~ 5 nm carbon and vitrified by plunge-freezing into liquid ethane after blotting for 9 s at 4 °C and 100% humidity using a Vitrobot Mark IV (Thermo Fisher Scientific) Cryo-EM data were collected using a Titan Krios G3 electron microscope (Thermo Fisher Scientific) operated at 300 kV equipped with a Gatan BioQuantum energy filter and a K3 Summit direct electron detector (AMETEK) Automated data collection was done with the EPU software package (Thermo Fisher Scientific) each consisting of 35 exposure fractions was collected at a nominal magnification of 105,000x corresponding to a calibrated pixel size of 0.85 Å The camera exposure rate and the total exposure of the specimen were 17.6 e−/pixel/s and 40 e−/Å2 Further information on research design is available in the Nature Portfolio Reporting Summary linked to this article Biophysical compensation mechanisms buffering E coli protein-nucleic acid interactions against changing environments Multidimensional diffusion modes and collision frequencies of cytochrome c with its redox partners Diffusive protein interactions in human versus bacterial cells Connecting longitudinal and transverse relaxation rates in live-cell NMR Physicochemical code for quinary protein interactions in Escherichia coli The asymmetric distribution of charges on the surface of horse cytochrome c Structural and functional features of the interaction of cytochrome c with complex III and cytochrome c oxidase Catalytic reactions and energy conservation in the cytochrome bc1 and b6f complexes of energy-transducing membranes The cytochrome bc1 complex: function in the context of structure Unanswered questions about the structure of cytochrome bc1 complexes Activated Q-cycle as a common mechanism for cytochrome bc1 and cytochrome b6f complexes New perspectives on proton pumping in cellular respiration Cytochrome c oxidase: exciting progress and remaining mysteries Supercomplexes in the respiratory chains of yeast and mammalian mitochondria Supramolecular organization of respiratory complexes therefore I am: overcoming skepticism about mitochondrial supercomplexes Supramolecular organization of bacterial aerobic respiratory chains: from cells and back Structure and mechanism of respiratory III–IV supercomplexes in bioenergetic membranes Supercomplex organization of the oxidative phosphorylation enzymes in yeast mitochondria The cytochrome bc1 and cytochrome c oxidase complexes associate to form a single supracomplex in yeast mitochondria Structures of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation supercomplexes and mechanisms for their stabilisation Arrangement of the respiratory chain complexes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae supercomplex III2IV2 revealed by single particle cryo-electron microscopy Functional role of mitochondrial respiratory supercomplexes The respiratory chain in yeast behaves as a single functional unit Structure of yeast cytochrome c oxidase in a supercomplex with cytochrome bc1 Cryo-EM structure of the yeast respiratory supercomplex Cryo-EM structure and kinetics reveal electron transfer by 2D diffusion of cytochrome c in the yeast III-IV respiratory supercomplex Cytochrome c: surfing off of the mitochondrial membrane on the tops of complexes III and IV Novel insights into the mechanism of electron transfer in mitochondrial cytochrome c Structure and assembly of the mammalian mitochondrial supercomplex CIII2CIV Yanofsky, D. J. et al. Structure of mycobacterial CIII2CIV2 respiratory supercomplex bound to the tuberculosis drug candidate telacebec (Q203). ELife 10, https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.71959 (2021) Structure of a functional obligate complex III2IV2 respiratory supercomplex from Mycobacterium smegmatis An electron transfer path connects subunits of a mycobacterial respiratory supercomplex Kao, W. C. et al. Structural basis for safe and efficient energy conversion in a respiratory supercomplex. Nat. Commun. 13, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-28179-x (2022) Kinetic advantage of forming respiratory supercomplexes Rcf1 modulates cytochrome c oxidase activity especially under energy-demanding conditions Rcf2 revealed in cryo-EM structures of hypoxic isoforms of mature mitochondrial III-IV supercomplexes Hryc, C. F. et al. Structural insights into cardiolipin replacement by phosphatidylglycerol in a cardiolipin-lacking yeast respiratory supercomplex. Nat. Commun. 14, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-38441-5 (2023) Coupled proton and electron transfer reactions in cytochrome oxidase Energy transduction: Proton transfer through the respiratory complexes Design principles of proton-pumping haem-copper oxidases Analysis of the conformational heterogeneity of the Rieske iron-sulfur protein in complex III2 by cryo-EM Oxygen and proton pathways in cytochrome c oxidase Specific protein-lipid interactions in membrane proteins Respiratory complexes III and IV can each bind two molecules of cytochrome c at low ionic strength Cytochrome c1 exhibits two binding sites for cytochrome c in plants Complex structure of cytochrome c–cytochrome c oxidase reveals a novel protein–protein interaction mode Crystal structure of the yeast cytochrome bc1 complex with its bound substrate cytochrome c Electron transfer between yeast cytochrome bc1 complex and cytochrome c: a structural analysis A mitochondrial protein essential for the formation of the cytochrome c1-c complex Acidic regions of cytochrome c1 are essential for ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase activity in yeast cells lacking the acidic QCR6 protein Identification of the binding site on cytochrome c1 for cytochrome c Chan, C. K. et al. Disordered regions of respiratory supercomplexes offer new pathways for substrate channeling in crowded membranes. Biophys. J. 122, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2022.11.1702 (2023) Mitochondrial respirasome works as a single unit and the cross-talk between complexes I III2 and IV stimulates NADH dehydrogenase activity Questioning the functional relevance of mitochondrial supercomplexes by time-resolved analysis of the respiratory chain The random collision model and a critical assessment of diffusion and collision in mitochondrial electron transport The redox states of respiratory-chain components in rat-liver mitochondria II The “crossover” on the transition from State 3 to State 4 and electron transfer of mitochondrial inner membrane oxidation-reduction components The extinction coefficient of cytochrome c The stoichiometry and absorption spectra of components a and a-3 in cytochrome c oxidase CryoSPARC: Algorithms for rapid unsupervised cryo-EM structure determination MotionCor2: anisotropic correction of beam-induced motion for improved cryo-electron microscopy Non-uniform refinement: adaptive regularization improves single-particle cryo-EM reconstruction 3D variability analysis: Resolving continuous flexibility and discrete heterogeneity from single particle cryo-EM UCSF Chimera - A visualization system for exploratory research and analysis PHENIX: a comprehensive Python-based system for macromolecular structure solution Download references This work was supported by the Knut and Wallenberg Foundation (M.O. and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Project PJT191893 (J.L.R.) The data were collected at the Cryo-EM Swedish National Facility funded by the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Family Erling Persson and Kempe Foundations was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and J.L.R was supported by the Canada Research Chairs program Open access funding provided by Stockholm University Present address: Department of Biochemistry Present address: Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine These authors contributed equally: Ana Paula Lobez The Arrhenius Laboratories for Natural Sciences prepared cryo-EM samples performed electron microscopy and initial image analysis performed image analysis and interpreted the cryo-EM data J.L.R advised on image analysis and interpretation of the structures wrote the manuscript with input from the other authors The authors declare no competing interests Nature Communications thanks Oscar Flores Herrera and the other anonymous reviewer(s) for their contribution to the peer review of this work Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations Download citation DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-52475-3 Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: a shareable link is not currently available for this article Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science Through intellectual rigor and experiential learning two-year MBA program develops leaders who make a difference in the world Earn your MBA and SM in engineering with this transformative two-year program hands-on program that prepares adaptive problem solvers for premier finance careers A 12-month program focused on applying the tools of modern data science optimization and machine learning to solve real-world business problems Combine an international MBA with a deep dive into management science A special opportunity for partner and affiliate schools only A doctoral program that produces outstanding scholars who are leading in their fields of research Bring a business perspective to your technical and quantitative expertise with a bachelor’s degree in management We'll save you a seat in our MBA class when you're ready to come back to campus for your degree The 20-month program teaches the science of management to mid-career leaders who want to move from success to significance A full-time MBA program for mid-career leaders eager to dedicate one year of discovery for a lifetime of impact A joint program for mid-career professionals that integrates engineering and systems thinking Earn your master’s degree in engineering and management Non-degree programs for senior executives and high-potential managers customizable program for mid-career professionals Executives from financial services firms discuss early adoption of AI in the industry and the benefits of partnering with fintechs Financial service companies have been using artificial intelligence in various forms for decades So it’s not surprising that employees and executives alike are showing early interest in generative AI-based tools such as ChatGPT What is surprising, industry executives said at the 2024 MIT FinTech conference is the rapid pace of adoption in the financial sector where generative AI is proving valuable for a wide variety of employees “AI is basically top of mind for everybody. It’s been a few months of transition and very rapid acceleration,” said Jose Lobez vice president of global AI and data innovation at Visa As in other industries, in financial services AI is largely augmenting the tasks performed by employees rather than replacing human workers Early use cases include back-office automation rolling out AI tools at Visa has led to increased hiring in recent years One reason is the company’s emphasis on using AI to accelerate innovation and high-quality work instead of to cut staffing “Even if companies wanted to be able to reduce head count I don’t think the technology is 100% there yet,” he said ‘We don’t need to solve everything with AI because we probably can’t.’ Sometimes you just can solve things with a really simple model.” Tewary likened the potential long-term impact of AI in financial services to the ATM in banking When tellers were no longer needed to dispense cash or check account balances they could take on higher-skill responsibilities such as advising customers and cross-selling products practical AI applications may affect some roles and functions in the industry more than others and paralegal services may not need as many human workers The financial industry has been slow to put AI in front of customers Lobez and Tewary said that financial service firms are experimenting with products such as AI-enabled chat agents or inaccurate answers based on fabricated data “You have to be able to explain why certain decisions were made — why a credit limit was set at that amount “There’s an absoluteness that’s expected from regulators about being able to explain how the decision was made Anytime you impact the consumer or introduce a system risk Also concerning is the increased sophistication of deepfakes that could mimic either virtual or human agents and convince customers to do things such as transfer their life savings into what they think is a legitimate account That heightens the importance of not only getting customer-facing AI products right but also keeping interactions secure “It’s a matter of making sure we stay a couple of steps ahead of the game,” Lobez said Ruane said that the state of AI adoption in financial services is consistent with many previous types of general-purpose technology What begins as a point solution addressing individual tasks continues as a wave of process innovations capable of reimagining entire industries — much like manufacturing transformed when electricity came to factories Tewary said he believes that in the future it will be regarded much like the operating systems on today’s mobile devices like an operating system you build applications on top of,” he said “AI is underlying everything that empowers how people do things.” Amid this push for innovation, large companies can benefit from working with fintechs and startups. Visa has approximately 2,000 partnerships with fintechs and startups, Lobez said, and launched a $100 million generative AI fund to work with startups that are rethinking the future of payments and commerce “It’s impossible for a big company to solve all its problems on its own and to maximize value for its clients and customers,” he said Inertia and resource allocation can slow things down in the enterprise setting and startups bring unique skills and flexibility to the table companies like PayPal look for mature startups with a proven value proposition “There’s a complex technology ecosystem,” Tewary said Established finance companies “want to work with startups with an architecture that’s API-driven and can be integrated with that ecosystem.” Read next: Can generative AI provide trusted financial advice? The mission of the MIT Sloan School of Management is to develop principled innovative leaders who improve the world and to generate ideas that advance management practice Nov 8, 2022 | Society Beavers caused a dam to burst in a Polish town including the collapse of a major local road that could take months to repair Six teams of firefighters worked to secure the road after a ten-by-eight-metre hole appeared amid the flooding on Sunday night spokesman Grzegorz Paluch told the Polish Press Agency W Łobzie doszło do podtopienia budynków oraz przerwania DW151 przez wodę, która przerwała wał pobliskiego stawu. W działaniach PSP i OSP. Sytuację na bieżąco monitoruje @BoguckiZbigniew Wojewoda Zachodniopomorski. Zwołano Sztab Kryzysowy w Łobzie. pic.twitter.com/FFMNCujzO9 — Marek Popławski – KW PSP Szczecin🇵🇱 (@M_Poplawski_) November 6, 2022 Sandbags had been set up earlier by fire brigade teams to protect several buildings in anticipation of the flood preventing damage to other properties in the area No casualties were reported from the flooding and detours are already in place around the damaged road told local news service Lobez.pl that beavers were the likely cause of the flooding explained that the animals had blocked some channels causing water to accumulate and eventually burst through a man-made dam Ćwikła estimates that it will take up to two months to repair the damaged road He says that this will be a major inconvenience as the route is used by trucks to access the town’s logistics centre The damaged road from above (TVN screenshot) While hunting almost led to the extinction of beavers in Poland – with only an estimated 235 left in Poland by 1928 – postwar reintroduction programmes and more recent legal protections have seen their numbers boom – to almost 140,000 by 2020 Beavers play an important role in tackling drought by retaining water through the dams they build which also create “oases of biodiversity” notes PGW WP leading some to call for culls to keep their numbers down Beaver rescued after wandering the streets of Kraków Anna Hackett is an assistant editor at Notes from Poland She is a recent graduate of European Studies from Trinity College Dublin and has had previous journalistic experience with the Irish Independent News & Media group Business, News, Politics Karol Nawrocki even suggested that the state security services were involved in creating the scandal History, News, Society The 1,200 square metre national symbol was unfurled on the beach in Międzyzdroje News, Politics, Society The proportion of Poles saying the US has a positive influence on the world has also fallen to its lowest recorded level Apr 30, 2025 | Defence, Hot news, News, Politics That response will include “large Polish and NATO exercises in Poland” Apr 29, 2025 | Business, Hot news, News, Society Those employed in Poland work on average the third-longest hours in the European Union Apr 28, 2025 | Business, Energy & Climate, Hot news, News, Politics Westinghouse and Bechtel were first chosen in 2022 as partners on the 192 billion zloty ($51 billion) project please consider helping us to continue and expand it [email protected] Copyright © 2025 Notes From Poland | Design jurko studio | Code by 2sides.pl Senior Research Fellow at the Global Europe Centre ARTICLES BY THIS AUTHOR Weronika Strzyżyńska is currently studying journalism at Goldsmiths as a Scott Trust Bursary recipient She  has written on issues immigration and Brexit for New Statesman and Prospect Agnieszka Wądołowska is managing editor of Notes from Poland She has previously worked for Gazeta.pl and Tokfm.pl and contributed to Gazeta Wyborcza ARTICLES BY THIS AUTHOR ARTICLES BY THIS AUTHOR Daniel Tilles is editor-in-chief of Notes from Poland and assistant professor of history at the Pedagogical University of Krakow He has written on Polish affairs for a wide range of publications The Independent and Dziennik Gazeta Prawna ARTICLES BY THIS AUTHOR Stanley Bill is the founder and editor-at-large of Notes from Poland.He is also Senior Lecturer in Polish Studies and Director of the Polish Studies Programme at the University of Cambridge Stanley has spent more than ten years living in Poland He founded Notes from Poland in 2014 as a blog dedicated to personal impressions cultural analysis and political commentary He is committed to the promotion of deeper knowledge and understanding of Poland He is the Chair of the Board of the Notes from Poland Foundation ARTICLES BY THIS AUTHOR ARTICLES BY THIS AUTHOR Professor of European Studies at Oxford University ARTICLES BY THIS AUTHOR Professor at the Institute of History of the Jagiellonian University ARTICLES BY THIS AUTHOR Executive Director of Taube Family Foundation ARTICLES BY THIS AUTHOR Associate Professor at the Institute of Political Studies of the Polish Academy of Science ARTICLES BY THIS AUTHOR ARTICLES BY THIS AUTHOR ARTICLES BY THIS AUTHOR and the Twins’ early woes with RISP continue Since yesterday’s recap was a TwinkieTown classic, referencing one of the greatest American poems, I’ll briefly try something similar. This references a seminal work of Dwarf literature They have taken the Lead and the Twins cannot get RISP hits Buxton and Kepler and Julien failed there (...) went 0-12 today (...) the batters up against the wall at their Pitching 1: After comfy temperatures in the 60s in Missouri, and inside Bud Selig’s roofed/heated death building Pablo López, of course, treats the AL’s runs-leading offense like it’s nothing. The Twins respond with newly minted triples machine Alex Kiriloff, who hit one yesterday, too (his career fourth) But stupid Tanner Bibee strikes out Byron Buxton and gets Max Kepler to dribble it back to the mound I have a feeling this is gonna be one of those games where the Twins have 30 strikeouts and score once when two outfielders crash into each other 2: López is just determined to get out of this s***y weather at all of 22 pitches and zero strikeouts (those take longer) Which is great for my broken arm (no shoveling) but bad for the whole Planet On Fire thing Carlos Correa stays Hawt with a leadoff single and Bibee plunks Matt Wallner with one out and Christian Vázquez grounds it easily to short Then Correa almost gets caught in a rundown between third and home It’s Edouard Julien up with the bases loaded And that was the Twins’ one chance to score they’ll get ALL THIS HOMESTAND 3: Noah-Gibson James Washington Naylor is from Mississauga He grounds out to Bat Failure Julien of Quebec City the Twins bats seem determined not to distract any fans from exploring all the Nu Amenities at Target Field (Find out about these in an article tomorrow 4: Steven Kwan breaks up the no-no, assisted by Wallner’s Route, brought to you by Fred Noonan Navigation comes home with it; instead of two out and nobody on it’s one out and two on with a good chance of scoring the last of which registers his first strikeout today yet the Guardians score three runs instead of two Correa has another leadoff hit; I think his foot’s feeling better the only real cure for which is to not be on your injured foot I was in a quasi-military academy at the time (it’s a long story) and this meant a lot of Standing At Attention during Inspection It hurt like hell and I still hate both these things I’d rather have a job where I walked all day than one where I had to stand in one spot Oh yeah, Castro singles and Vázquez is still the hitter he was last season, not the one he was Saturday 5: While I was grabbing coffee from my fancy coffee microwave (which has a front glass plate held on by duct tape the Guardians put runners on second and third with one out Would this be a good time for Julien’s bat to find Eternal Life but he floats one over Kwan’s head all the way into the first row of lower left field Would this be a good time for Kepler’s bat to find Eternal Life the Twins are only down an insurmountable 3-1 6: López is still in the game at 81 pitches He leaves with two out and one on for the amusingly-named Kody Funderburk Gameday’s “Field” view (their CIA spy satellite angle with little boxes representing players moving around in kinda-sorta real time) goes completely nuts then gets Naylor in a rundown between second & third then it’s Ramón Laureano in a rundown between third & home then Correa has trouble with the ball again and Carlos Santana tags Laureano out 7: Funderburk is less Dramatastic while I’m looking up quotes from a book I loved when I was 12 Castro and Vázquez both get on off second-year lefty Tim Herrin, who replaced Bibee last inning. He Ks Julien (the Bat was not Eternal, alas) and plunks Kepler. Terry Francona oops Steven Vogt brings in young RHP Hunter Gaddis to face Buxton 8: I’d give Funderburk credit for really eating some innings and the Twins will have their third off day tomorrow The very polluting Cole Sands finishes things off Radio says they’re expecting many thousands of people in downtown Cleveland tomorrow, as they see their first Total Eclipse since 1804. Was there really a Cleveland in 1804? I’m sure there were people there. Wiki says Cleveland was founded in 1796 Scott Barlow gives up the leadoff double to Correa 9: Kwan notches his third hit today — he’s quite good — but Castro makes a nice catch in foul territory to get Sands out of the jam unscathed Random thought: The Twins entered this game sixth in MLB, and third in the AL, with only 44 strikeouts by their hitters. (Remember, last year, they set the all time record.) They’re closer to the middle of the pack Comment Of The Gamethread goes to the first (For those of you on Apple News who can’t see the GIF here’s to brooding over this one an extra day!”) Join us on Saturday at 1:10 for the Joe Ryan Express against familiar foe Carlos Carrasco and hopefully to see a little more offense Fashion house MANGO presented its Summer 2023 Holiday Collection with a story featuring model Valerie Scherzinger captured by photographer Pepe Lobez Styling is work of Tania Fernández and Pili A?lamo with hair styling and makeup from beauty artist Egon Crivillers In charge of art and casting direction was Patricia Diaz Manzano The session highlights vacation ready pieces such as satin printed blazer DSCENE is curated as a daily art, design, fashion & lifestyle destination. DSCENE is non-for-profit fashion and culture basis organization which aims at further development of research on DSCENE values, as well as on providing educational services. Home of magazine editions DSCENE and MMSCENE – Click for more about DSCENE and for our Terms of Service Please enter your username or email address to reset your password The expected tariff cost is significantly lower than the $4 billion to $5 billion crosstown rival General Motors estimates which Ford attributes to its higher mix of U.S.-built vehicles As Reddit prepares for an initial public offering that could come by the end of 2023 it's looking to flatten its management structure and employees say the company has become bloated with executive- and director-level employees It has also made large investments in artificial intelligence acquiring the machine-learning startup Spell in June 2022 to help customize ad placements To prepare for the intense scrutiny of the public markets Reddit is whipping itself into shape; managers told employees in product earlier this year that the goal was to do "less but better." Part of the mandate could include slimming down middle management Reddit only intends to charge developers who use the API heavily and monetize their apps (Apollo charged its users about $13 a year).  Insider spoke with five current and former Reddit employees who requested anonymity as they were not authorized to speak to the press or had signed nondisclosure agreements to receive severance They described some leadership moves and road-map changes that caused what one employee described as "thrash." The 18-year-old social-media company has long had a culture of "trying to do too many things and doing them really poorly and not finishing them at all," the same employee said the company would now focus on "having a simplified product plan and sticking to it." A Reddit representative declined to comment on this story and pointed to a blog post about the company's acquisition of Spell Reddit executives presented a distribution of managers to direct reports during its quarterly leadership summit in May in New York City The distribution showed that many managers oversaw four to six people Managers who attended the summit told employees that leadership suggested the company would in the second half of the year consolidate teams with managers overseeing fewer than six employees Employees say this could mean more managers may leave through managed exits Reddit employees said they lost trust in leadership after a series of missteps they said they were repeatedly told before the company conducted layoffs in June that layoffs wouldn't happen Product road maps changed in May as the company focused on the API changes and on boosting content creation by users The recent change to charge for access to Reddit's API also led to protests from moderators While many employees supported the API changes they said Reddit's moderators deserved credit for helping grow the site A former employee who left in April argued that company leadership should have invested more in supporting moderators and that building tools for Reddit's moderator community "has never been a priority" for leadership "Reddit has long had staff who have worked hard to provide a better mod experience but the will to improve this has never come from the top and Reddit has yet to fund them to the extent they need to," one employee said Reddit hasn't been able to fully integrate Spell's technology since its acquisition two employees familiar with the matter said as having pushed through the acquisition despite opposition from vice presidents and directors as well as bringing its founders as vice presidents and directors "despite Reddit not needing more of either." In May, Reddit's head of data science, Jose Lobez, was replaced by Tyler Otto, who'd joined Reddit from Hipmunk, a travel website Huffman founded. Three employees described Lobez's departure as a surprise, as he was well liked within the data-science organization. "He basically grew the data-science organization himself — a big cultural figure internally," one said. They described Lopez as "pretty open both with reports and about the org as a whole," adding that he "helped deal with interorganization disputes pretty well." You don't have permission to access the page you requested. What is this page?The website you are visiting is protected.For security reasons this page cannot be displayed. Gang crime has seen many a notorious heist or murder committed in Australia across it's long history. Susanna Lobez and James Morton are the authors of Gangland Oz, and here, Susanna shares some of the best stories from gang crime history in Australia with Phil Clark. Roberta Williams and her daughter arrive at the funeral for Barbara Williams, the mother of multiple gangland killer Carl Williams, at St Theresa's Church in Melbourne on December 2, 2008. While Carl wasn't given leave from his prison term to attend the funeral, Barbara's husband George Williams was.(Julian Smith: AAP) Published: 21h agoMon 5 May 2025 at 12:00pm Download the ABC listen app to hear more of your favourite podcasts Fashion brand MANGO enlists supermodel Caroline Trentini to star in their latest Spring Summer 2023 Trends story captured by photographer Pepe Lobez with art and casting direction from Patricia Diaz Manzano Hair styling and makeup are work of beauty artist Paco Garrigues The session highlights pieces such as strapless jumpsuit Fashion house MANGO presented its Spring Summer 2023 SWIMWEAR Collection with a story starring supermodel Edita Vilkeviciute lensed by photographer Pepe Lobez In charge of styling were Rebeca Abad and Pili A?lamo The session highlights pieces such as tie-dye print swimsuit MoreCelebrities made sure that in order get the best view of the Met Gala red carpet The Fenty Beauty founder may have been the late one on the red carpet The model stepped onto the Met Gala red carpet in a sharply tailored two-piece by designer Torishéju Dumi blending Harlem Renaissance glamour with West African tradition See every red carpet look from fashion's biggest night See who showed some skin at the 2025 Met Gala like Sabrina Carpenter and Emma Chamberlain The actor made a bold chop for the 2025 Met Gala carpet Take a look at the best dressed celebrities from the 2025 Met Gala On the occasion of Melbourne Law School’s 160th anniversary MLS News takes a look at mooting – the traditional sport of law students and a fond memory for many MLS alumni On the occasion of Melbourne Law School’s 160th anniversary MLS News takes a look at mooting – the traditional sport of law students and a fond memory for many MLS alumni More than a few of Australia’s most prominent judges barristers and solicitors have cut their teeth in the MLS Moot Court Mooting has been intrinsically linked with the law student experience since the earliest days of MLS which began in 1887 as the Articled Clerks’ Law Debating Society was originally an avenue for budding lawyers to debate issues of law But the modern practice of mooting is distinct from debating according to Joshua Quinn-Watson (JD 2017) a member of the 2015 Jessup International Moot team and the 2018 Jessup Coach the objective is quite often to show that you’re the smartest person in the room,” Quinn-Watson says the objective is to assist the smartest person in the room – the judge – to make the smartest decision “The first time I participated in a moot there was this wonderful comforting feeling that the judge was going to see the truth,” says Susanna Lobez (LLB(Hons) 1988) a member of the 1988 MLS team that won the Jessup International Law Moot – the Law School’s first win in the prestigious competition “If you portrayed the facts adequately then the judge was clever enough to see it There was this confidence that somehow the law worked.” Moot problems are typically framed as an appeal against a decision in a lower court – the facts have already been agreed on freeing students to deliberate on issues of law Participants are tested on their ability to present a legal argument as they research draft and orally defend their written submissions in front of a judge “It calls on all of your skills in research all of your abilities as an advocate and your maturities as a teammate,” says Quinn-Watson now a graduate lawyer at Arnold Bloch Leibler But some of the Law School’s earlier mock trials called less upon the faculties of maturity The mock trials held annually by the LSS throughout the 1930s and 1940s better resembled theatre pieces than the formal scenarios students participate in today was whether modern composers were justified in using classical themes; in the 1944 annual trial the defendant claimed to be a were-rabbit who transformed at the full moon a sense of formality underpins proceedings from the beginning “One thing our academic advisors were really tough on was how professional we were and appeared,” says Rudi Kruse (JD 2011) a barrister and member of the 2008-2009 WTO Moot and 2010 Gibbs Constitutional Law Moot teams We learnt all the formalities around what you say and how you deal with the bench – it was great training for the profession “Two of my team went virtually straight to the bar,” says Lobez herself a former barrister turned broadcaster and now author of Gangland Oz: Yesterday Lobez’s Jessup team helped establish a strong track record for MLS in prestigious mooting competitions Melbourne has won the Australian Law Students’ Association (ALSA) Championship Moot seven times – more than any other university – and added two more wins in the Jessup moot in 1993 and 2000 The 2000 victory earned MLS a commendation in the Federal Parliament by then Senator Brian Greig “The [Jessup] competitions have proven to be a training ground for some of Australia’s most outstanding legal minds,” he said “I sincerely congratulate the team and their coaches from Melbourne University… I am sure [the students] will uphold Australia’s strong tradition of legal excellence in their future careers.” Although there was “no ticker tape parade” Lobez says her own team’s Jessup win was “quite well-received in the legal community and very exciting to come home to” She recalls working out of a “bunker” at one of the campus colleges in the lead-up to her team’s national and international Jessup finals where twice weekly they would meet to take turns representing the two hypothetical sides “It was eight months of intense activity on one project,” Lobez says “I remember the feeling of not noticing spring!” When MLS moved from the Law Quadrangle to its new address on Pelham Street in 2002 students were given a new training ground in the Moot Court – a state-of-the-art model courtroom “The Moot Court makes it feel like we’re doing a dress rehearsal,” Quinn-Watson says Quinn-Watson’s 2014 Jessup team became so well-rehearsed in the MLS Moot Court that they decided to take the wooden podium to the national finals in Canberra “We had mooted on it so many times it would have felt strange using anything else,” he says “I think it’s like how sportspeople get very superstitious about equipment.” the pressure of mooting was real even before the competition began “We had a number of senior legal professionals – people from the bar academics and judges – come in to judge our practice moots,” he says “It was often scarier and more intimidating than the actual competition “But being around people who I really respected who were giving me feedback about how I was going about it It’s this community around mooting that makes it such a memorable part of the MLS experience When you moot at MLS you get absorbed into this community of mooting diehards “People who have participated in moots are just so invested and interested in the people doing it after them It’s an incredible community,” he says The Jessup experience remains the highlight of Lobez’s time at the Law School “The team bonding – I imagine it’s like that for Olympians who go off overseas together to compete,” she says Banner image: Susanna Lobez pictured with her Jessup team following their 1998 win in Washington DC This article originally appeared in MLS News For its Spring/Summer 2024 collection, American Vintage embarks on a journey to Madrid The Marseille-based label has captured the essence of its latest range through 21 striking looks showcasing the season’s focus on vivid colours Known as the “city of a thousand streams,” from its Arabic name “majrit” Madrid is a city that thrives day and night where life’s moments are shared and celebrated providing the perfect backdrop for our new campaign we collaborated with Madrid’s own Pepe Lobez who brought our 21 looks to life through the lens we turned to everyday individuals as our models introducing new faces to the AMV collection we eschew a single ‘brand face’ presenting a diverse portrait gallery that embodies our lifestyle pieces with genuine movement and authenticity.” American Vintage presents a summer wardrobe designed for all-day wear Remaining true to its retro essence while exploring futuristic and timeless designs stylist for both men’s and women’s lines “This season is a blend of differing styles that complement each other Our collections remain colourful with a retro flair incorporating technical pieces for every occasion and meticulous craftsmanship define our brand’s identity.” Catering to men, women, and children alike, American Vintage outfits the entire family Our essentials are designed for versatility with many unisex pieces allowing for endless creativity to match any mood or occasion Founded in 2005 in Marseille by Michaël Azoulay, American Vintage was inspired by the relaxed atmosphere and open spaces of the United States Starting with a reinvention of the classic T-shirt now offering comprehensive collections for men American Vintage celebrates colour and material continuing to excite and inspire with each new range Add articles to your saved list and come back to them any time Roger Rogerson: From Decorated Policeman to Convicted Criminal – The Inside Story Court illustrations of Glen McNamara and Roger Rogerson on trial for the 2014 murder of Jamie Gao Roger Rogerson is escorted out King Street courts in Sydney on June 3 Bent: Australia's Crooked Cops – Updated and Uncensored That is the name former Federal Police Commissioner Sir Colin Woods finally gave in 1982 to Australia's other national obsession: our fascination with Authorities were once so concerned about it that although bushranger films dominated the early local film industry they were banned for more than 30 years for fear they would encourage criminality Roger Rogerson: From Decorated Policeman to Convicted Criminal – The Inside Story by Duncan McNab ignominious history of bent coppers – from Australia's first constable dismissed by Governor Arthur Phillip for larceny brothel and abortion rackets for more than 30 years – there has been none as synonymous with crime as Roger Caleb Rogerson The Darkside; blogging about the Nine Network's lurid Underbelly series for News Ltd tabloids; and his national speaking tours with fellow reprobate Mark "Chopper" Read which included associations with some of Australia's worst criminals; extrajudicial killings; being implicated in various murders and disappearances; countless allegations of threatening behaviour bribery and drug dealing; and convictions for perverting the course of justice and perjury Bent: Australia's Crooked Cops – Updated and Uncensored by James Morton & Susanna Lobez But since his arrest and conviction for the bungled 2014 murder of student Jamie Gao in a botched drug deal with his co-accused former detective and "corruption crusading" author Glen McNamara Rogerson has been uncharacteristically silent several new books detailing his and McNamara's lives and crimes have been rushed to publication (and Richard Roxburgh will reprise his role as Rogerson in a Seven Network miniseries out next year) The first is Duncan McNab's Roger Rogerson McNab has since written books about "colourful Sydney identities" such as Abe Saffron and Christopher Dale Flannery McNab gives a gritty and unvarnished look inside the CIB and cells brothels and bars where cops and crims came together as well as shining a light on the entrenched culture of cover-up and corruption that has plagued NSW since the Rum Corps: the bribery It's clear what McNab thinks of his subject whom he was initially "utterly charmed" by as a rookie: I'm still astounded by my… naivety… Once touted as one of the nation's best coppers evil man has ruined the lives of decent honourable coppers ordinary citizens and more than a few colourful characters who had the temerity to cross him." Like fellow crusading journalists Evan Whitton and Tony Reeves McNab's passion for exposing his subjects can feel obsessive with exhaustive and sometimes superfluous detail regarding peripheral characters incidents and court cases occasionally obscuring the "mesmerising" Rogerson especially in many chapters investigating the "deeply flawed" McNamara's own self-servingly fabricated backstory his compilation of the evidence against "Dumb and Dumber" – as the bungling duo were dubbed by investigators into Gao's murder which takes up half the book – is meticulous reflecting how these "old school" coppers' scheming hadn't taken into account that their crime would be "probably the most electronically recorded crime in Australian history" Veteran crime writers and researchers James Morton and Susanna Lobez who have written many other books on Australian crime also include updated chapters on the murder and trial in the "uncensored" reissue of their 2012 book a comprehensive and often wryly dry survey of police corruption around Australia which serves as an excellent companion piece to McNab's very personal account rightly decry NSW policing in the same breath as its politics "numerous commissions of inquiry have exposed the dirty dealings and murky history of the Victoria police" Morton and Lobez not only provide many appalling examples of police corruption across the country from hapless Victorian Chief Commissioner (later Field Marshal) Thomas Blamey being forced to resign after a string of scandals in 1936 in an infamous Melbourne brothel; the long-standing "joke" involving Queensland's top cops and politicians at the heart of the 1987 Fitzgerald Royal Commission and countless other nefarious bent police around the country who neglected to protect the public as they served their own interests In addition to furnishing more than 60 pages of notes and references they also speculate on the cause of corruption and how to deal with it when it will be more politically sophisticated and difficult to define especially when politicians campaign on "Laura Norder" but turn a blind eye to police misbehaviour – something of concern as the NSW government spends more on sniffer dogs to harass commuters but seeks to reduce the ICAC's funding and powers which continue to perpetuate Ned Kelly syndrome in sensationalising and celebrating criminals both books must be commended for exposing their sordid misdeeds without fear or favour As Sydney crime novelist and former cop Pam Newton pointed out in the aftermath of Gao's disappearance: "Sydney's underworld isn't glamorous; it's deadly ugly and cruel." Much like Roger Rogerson Roger Rogerson: From Decorated Policeman to Convicted Criminal \\u2013 The Inside Story Bent: Australia's Crooked Cops \\u2013 Updated and Uncensored That is the name former Federal Police Commissioner Sir Colin Woods finally gave in 1982 to Australia's other national obsession: our fascination with ignominious history of bent coppers \\u2013 from Australia's first constable brothel and abortion rackets for more than 30 years \\u2013 there has been none as synonymous with crime as Roger Caleb Rogerson The Darkside; blogging about the Nine Network's lurid Underbelly series for News Ltd tabloids; and his national speaking tours with fellow reprobate Mark \\\"Chopper\\\" Read which included associations with some of Australia's worst criminals; extrajudicial killings; being implicated in various murders and disappearances; countless allegations of threatening behaviour former detective and \\\"corruption crusading\\\" author Glen McNamara several new books detailing his and McNamara's lives and crimes have been rushed to publication (and Richard Roxburgh will reprise his role as Rogerson in a Seven Network miniseries out next year) The first is Duncan McNab's Roger Rogerson McNab has since written books about \\\"colourful Sydney identities\\\" such as Abe Saffron and Christopher Dale Flannery It's clear what McNab thinks of his subject whom he was initially \\\"utterly charmed\\\" by as a rookie: I'm still astounded by my\\u2026 naivety\\u2026 Once touted as one of the nation's best coppers an insatiable media tart\\u2026 this callous ordinary citizens and more than a few colourful characters who had the temerity to cross him.\\\" McNab's passion for exposing his subjects can feel obsessive incidents and court cases occasionally obscuring the \\\"mesmerising\\\" Rogerson especially in many chapters investigating the \\\"deeply flawed\\\" McNamara's own self-servingly fabricated backstory his compilation of the evidence against \\\"Dumb and Dumber\\\" \\u2013 as the bungling duo were dubbed by investigators into Gao's murder which takes up half the book \\u2013 is meticulous reflecting how these \\\"old school\\\" coppers' scheming hadn't taken into account that their crime would be \\\"probably the most electronically recorded crime in Australian history\\\" also include updated chapters on the murder and trial in the \\\"uncensored\\\" reissue of their 2012 book which serves as an excellent companion piece to McNab's very personal account \\\"numerous commissions of inquiry have exposed the dirty dealings and murky history of the Victoria police\\\" in an infamous Melbourne brothel; the long-standing \\\"joke\\\" involving Queensland's top cops and politicians at the heart of the 1987 Fitzgerald Royal Commission especially when politicians campaign on \\\"Laura Norder\\\" but turn a blind eye to police misbehaviour \\u2013 something of concern as the NSW government spends more on sniffer dogs to harass commuters but seeks to reduce the ICAC's funding and powers As Sydney crime novelist and former cop Pam Newton pointed out in the aftermath of Gao's disappearance: \\\"Sydney's underworld isn't glamorous; it's deadly ugly and cruel.\\\" Much like Roger Rogerson Sarah May Walsh from Glenmore displays her ‘200 year handcraft slates and bottles’ range Kate McDonald from Ramsgrange displays her ‘Bottles For You’ Emma O’Leary from Tullogher and Mya Belton from Gusserane display their ‘Truly Natural’ produce Eve Prendergast from Tullogher and Aine Purcell from Tullogher display their ‘Sweet and savoury snacks’ Millie Fitzgerald from New Ross with Amy Kent from Horeswood and Abbie Malone from Ballykelly display their ‘OLOL Frames’ Amy Cody from Glenmore with Abby O’Sullivan from Tullogher Niamh Bookle from Tullogher and Ann Marie Sinnott from Glenmore From left: Banafsh Rehma from New Ross with Karina Conway from Slieverue Amie Kelly from New Ross and Evelyn Beckley from Ballycullane display their ‘The Beadles’ range Abby O’Sullivan and Ann-Marie SynnottNew Ross StandardTue 14 Dec 2021 at 03:00The Our Lady of Lourdes Transition Year students held their annual Mini Company Christmas Fair offering a huge choice of gifts and festive treats to get them even more into the Christmas spirit “Despite having to move the fair inside due to an unexpected downpour and everyone learned lots about how to run a business and deal with customers,” principal Toni Ormond said The fair also gave the Our Lady of Lourdes students a chance to buy some Christmas presents and try some delicious homemade baked goods Some products available included hand painted slates The students and staff got a chance to spend their money and treat themselves to homemade brownies “It was a great day and the decorations and music in the school really added to the sense of Christmas spirit among the students and New RossNew Ross has highest number of anti-social behaviour cases in WexfordThe highest number of anti-social behaviour cases being investigated by Wexford County Council are from the New Ross district